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Ng MJ, Mohamad Razif MF, Kong BH, Yap HYY, Ng ST, Tan CS, Fung SY. RNA-seq transcriptome and pathway analysis of the medicinal mushroom Lignosus tigris (Polyporaceae) offer insights into its bioactive compounds with anticancer and antioxidant potential. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118073. [PMID: 38513780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal mushrooms belonging to the Lignosus spp., colloquially known as Tiger Milk mushrooms (TMMs), are used as traditional medicine by communities across various regions of China and Southeast Asia to enhance immunity and to treat various diseases. At present, three Lignosus species have been identified in Malaysia: L. rhinocerus, L. tigris, and L. cameronensis. Similarities in their macroscopic morphologies and the nearly indistinguishable appearance of their sclerotia often lead to interchangeability between them. Hence, substantiation of their traditional applications via identification of their individual bioactive properties is imperative in ensuring that they are safe for consumption. L. tigris was first identified in 2013. Thus far, studies on L. tigris cultivar sclerotia (Ligno TG-K) have shown that it possesses significant antioxidant activities and has greater antiproliferative action against selected cancer cells in vitro compared to its sister species, L. rhinocerus TM02®. Our previous genomics study also revealed significant genetic dissimilarities between them. Further omics investigations on Ligno TG-K hold immense potential in facilitating the identification of its bioactive compounds and their associated bioactivities. AIM OF STUDY The overall aim of this study was to investigate the gene expression profile of Ligno TG-K via de novo RNA-seq and pathway analysis. We also aimed to identify highly expressed genes encoding compounds that contribute to its cytotoxic and antioxidant properties, as well as perform a comparative transcriptomics analysis between Ligno TG-K and its sister species, L. rhinocerus TM02®. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total RNA from fresh 3-month-old cultivated L. tigris sclerotia (Ligno TG-K) was extracted and analyzed via de novo RNA sequencing. Expressed genes were analyzed using InterPro and NCBI-Nr databases for domain identification and homology search. Functional categorization based on gene functions and pathways was performed using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Clusters of Orthologous Genes (COG) databases. Selected genes were subsequently subjected to phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS Our transcriptomics analysis of Ligno TG-K revealed that 68.06% of its genes are expressed in the sclerotium; 80.38% of these were coding transcripts. Our analysis identified highly expressed transcripts encoding proteins with prospective medicinal properties. These included serine proteases (FPKM = 7356.68), deoxyribonucleases (FPKM = 3777.98), lectins (FPKM = 3690.87), and fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FPKM = 2337.84), all of which have known associations with anticancer activities. Transcripts linked to proteins with antioxidant activities, such as superoxide dismutase (FPKM = 1161.69) and catalase (FPKM = 1905.83), were also highly expressed. Results of our sequence alignments revealed that these genes and their orthologs can be found in other mushrooms. They exhibit significant sequence similarities, suggesting possible parallels in their anticancer and antioxidant bioactivities. CONCLUSION This study is the first to provide a reference transcriptome profile of genes expressed in the sclerotia of L. tigris. The current study also presents distinct COG profiles of highly expressed genes in Ligno TG-K and L. rhinocerus TM02®, highlighting that any distinctions uncovered may be attributed to their interspecies variations and inherent characteristics that are unique to each species. Our findings suggest that Ligno TG-K contains bioactive compounds with prospective medicinal properties that warrant further investigations. CLASSIFICATION Systems biology and omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jia Ng
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fazril Mohamad Razif
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Boon Hong Kong
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Hui-Yeng Yeannie Yap
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Szu Ting Ng
- LiGNO Biotech Sdn. Bhd., Balakong Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chon Seng Tan
- LiGNO Biotech Sdn. Bhd., Balakong Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shin-Yee Fung
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Universiti Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Li H, Guo X, Zhu X, Chen Y, Zhang L, Lu J, Qian Q. Effect of ultrahigh pressure processing (UHP) on physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity of insoluble dietary fiber from Pholiota nameko. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:453-464. [PMID: 38222903 PMCID: PMC10786768 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01342-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrahigh pressure processing (UHP) of 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 MPa for 20, 40 and 30 min on physicochemical and bioactive properties of the insoluble dietary fiber Pholiota nameko (PN-IDF). The results revealed that UHP were capable of decreasing the particle size of PN-IDF and binding phenolic content. Moreover, UHP technique had an improving effect on the bioaccessible phenolic content, the water-holding capacity, the oil-holding capacity and the nitrite ion adsorption capacity. Further, UHP technique presented a promoting effect on the antioxidant activity by scavenging ABTS or DPPH free radicals and increasing reducing power, and the anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting carrageenan-induced paw edema on PN-IDF. Overall, this study well proved that UHP technology could improve the physicochemical and functional quality of PN-IDF, which could be used as a promising green technique for functional food ingredients processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinqi Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yina Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134 People’s Republic of China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuting Qian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134 People’s Republic of China
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Xia Y, Wang D, Li J, Chen M, Wang D, Jiang Z, Liu B. Corrigendum: Compounds purified from edible fungi fight against chronic inflammation through oxidative stress regulation. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1081523. [PMID: 36686659 PMCID: PMC9849929 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1081523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.974794.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Xia
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minqi Chen
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziping Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Ziping Jiang, ; Bin Liu,
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Ziping Jiang, ; Bin Liu,
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Xia Y, Wang D, Li J, Chen M, Wang D, Jiang Z, Liu B. Compounds purified from edible fungi fight against chronic inflammation through oxidative stress regulation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:974794. [PMID: 36160418 PMCID: PMC9500316 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.974794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is associated with various chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer, which severely affect the health and quality of life of people. Oxidative stress induced by unbalanced production and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the essential risk factors for chronic inflammation. Recent studies, including the studies of mushrooms, which have received considerable attention, report that the antioxidant effects of natural compounds have more advantages than synthetic antioxidants. Mushrooms have been consumed by humans as precious nourishment for 3,000 years, and so far, more than 350 types have been identified in China. Mushrooms are rich in polysaccharides, peptides, polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids and are associated with several healthy biological functions, especially antioxidant properties. As such, the extracts purified from mushrooms could activate the expression of antioxidant enzymes through the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway to neutralize excessive ROS and inhibit ROS-induced chronic inflammation through the NF-κB pathway. Recently, the antioxidant properties of mushrooms have been successfully applied to treating cardiovascular disease (CAD), neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. The present review summarizes the antioxidant properties and the mechanism of compounds purified from mushrooms, emphasizing the oxidative stress regulation of mushrooms to fight against chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Xia
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minqi Chen
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziping Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Ziping Jiang, ; Bin Liu,
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Ziping Jiang, ; Bin Liu,
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Sarker A. A Review on the Application of Bioactive Peptides as Preservatives and Functional Ingredients in Food Model Systems. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Sarker
- Assistant Professor for Food Science Agricultural and Environmental Research Station, West Virginia State University Institute WV USA
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Murugesan AK, Gunasagaran KS. Purification and characterization of a synergistic bioactive lectin from Pleurotus flabellatus (PFL-L) with potent antibacterial and in-vitro radical scavenging activity. Anal Biochem 2021; 635:114450. [PMID: 34767809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lectin is a carbohydrate-binding protein, which exhibits a plethora of biological properties such as antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. In the present study, lectin, with an antibacterial and antioxidant potential, was purified from the oyster mushroom Pleurotus flabellatus. The P. flabellatus Lectin (PFL-L) was purified by using a DEAE - cellulose anion exchange chromatography followed by gel-filtration chromatography. The PFL-L was characterized by CD, HPLC, and MALDI-TOF/MS. The purity of PFL-L increased to 62.40% with the recovery of hemagglutinating activity (HA) by 12.12%. On SDS - PAGE, the PFL-L gave a single band of 18 kDa. PFL-L, consisting of d-galactose, exhibits a strong hemagglutinating activity. It was stable at pH (6.0-7.5) and temperature (10-20 °C) in addition to having extensive hemagglutinating activity. PFL-L enhanced the HA with the use of different metal ions namely Mg2+, Ca2+, and Fe2+. The study of bacterial growth inhibition led to the inference that the PFL-L was more potent against gram-negative bacteria. PFL-L showed the highest radical scavenging activity for the DPPH assay at 100 μg/mL (89.9 ± 2.53%). The highest antioxidant activities with IC50 values (for DPPH assay) of 53.96 μg/mL were determined for PFL-L and the present study shows that lectin from P. flabellatus manifested distinctive character and potentially exploitable activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arul Kumar Murugesan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Pin Code - 600025, India; Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchrappalli, Pin Code - 620024, India.
| | - Karuna Sagaran Gunasagaran
- Environment Information System (ENVIS-Centre), Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Pin Code - 600025, India
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Zhang S, Liu B, Yan G, Wu H, Han Y, Cui H. Chemical properties and anti-fatigue effect of polysaccharide from Pholiota nameko. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14015. [PMID: 34821398 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the primary chemical properties and anti-fatigue effect in vivo of Pholiota nameko polysaccharide (PNP). Through UV-visible spectrum, the absorption peaks of proteins, nucleic acids and pigments were not found. The organic functional groups of polysaccharides (3,289.97, 1,584.72, and 1,045.23 cm-1 so on) were measured by IR spectroscopy. The PNP was a semi-crystalline or non-crystalline substance, possessed a three-dimensional lump structure with a smooth, dense surface and amorphous structure according to the scanning electron microscopy and XRD images. Moreover, the PNP was chain or bright-spot structures formed by the entanglement of multiple polysaccharide fibers on the basis of atomic force microscopy. The results of anti-fatigue suggested the PNP could significantly extend the forced swim time from 121.58 ± 18.48 and 101.91 ± 14.27 min to 154.95 ± 24.26 and 134.13 ± 25.71 min in male and female mice respectively. The LDH activity was up to 31.68 ± 4.60 U/ml in male mice and 29.49 ± 5.12 U/ml in female mice. Meanwhile, the Ca2+ -Mg2+ -ATPase activity was reached to 2.49 ± 0.41 μmol/(mg·h) in male mice and 2.44 ± 0.29 μmol/(mg·h) in female mice. The SOD activity was increased to 5.92 ± 1.19 U/ml in male mice and 5.89 ± 0.98 U/ml in female mice, while the MDA content was decreased to 2.24 ± 0.34 nmol/mg in male mice and 2.02 ± 0.41 nmol/mg in female mice. These results showed a theoretical basis for application of the PNP in food and pharmacy as a natural physical strengthening substance. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Fatigue affects physical and mental health in vivo, which resulted in negative effects on everyday tasks, leisure activities, cognitive and behavioral performances and is very common in modern life. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the primary chemical properties and research the anti-fatigue effects of Pholiota nameko polysaccharide (PNP) in mice. And then, it would be a reference for the development and utilization of PNP as a kind of healthy food on sub-health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisheng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Guoyue Yan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Han Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yaochen Han
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Hongxia Cui
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Qinhuangdao, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Qinhuangdao, China
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Zhang MH, Zhou R, Liu F, Ng TB. Purification of a novel protein with cytotoxicity against non-small-cell lung cancer cells from Boletus bicolor. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100135. [PMID: 34076300 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel protein (D1 component) was purified from Boletus bicolor by ion-exchange chromatography and gel chromatography on a HiTrap™ Q HP column, a diethylaminoethanol cellulose-52 column, and a Sephadex G75 column, respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the D1 component was a single protein band with a molecular weight of about 40 kDa. The sulforhodamine B assay showed that at concentrations as low as 25-75 μg/ml, protein D1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549 and H1299 cells) and had little effect on human normal kidney cells (HEK293 cells). After labeling protein D1, it was found that D1 could enter the cytoplasm of tumor cells and colocated with lysosomes. Flow cytometry results demonstrated that protein D1 induced apoptosis and G1 phase arrest of the cell cycle in A549 and H1299 cells. The Western blot analysis results showed that the expression of apoptosis and cell cycle-related proteins of cleaved caspase-3, cytochrome c, Bax, P16, and P21 was significantly upregulated, whereas the expression of Bcl-2, CDK4, cyclin D, p-Rb, and E2F was significantly downregulated after treatment with protein D1. Therefore, D1 exhibits potential to be developed into an antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hui Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tzi B Ng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Gao W, Zhou R, Liu F, Ng TB. A novel antitumor protein from the mushroom Pholiota nameko induces apoptosis of human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells in vivo and modulates cytokine secretion in mice bearing MCF-7 xenografts. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3171-3178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Song R, Liang T, Shen Q, Liu J, Lu Y, Tang C, Chen X, Hou T, Chen Y. The optimization of production and characterization of antioxidant peptides from protein hydrolysates of Agrocybe aegerita. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Kong BH, Teoh KH, Tan NH, Tan CS, Ng ST, Fung SY. Proteins from Lignosus tigris with selective apoptotic cytotoxicity towards MCF7 cell line and suppresses MCF7-xenograft tumor growth. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9650. [PMID: 32832273 PMCID: PMC7413093 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lignosus tigris, a recently discovered species of the unique Lignosus family, has been traditionally used by the indigenous communities in Peninsular Malaysia to treat various ailments and as an alternative medicine for cancer treatment. The L. tigris cultivar sclerotia (Ligno TG-K) was found to contain numerous bioactive compounds with beneficial biomedicinal properties and the sclerotial extract exhibited potent antioxidant activity. However, the anticancer property of the Ligno TG-K including in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects as well as its anticancer active compounds and the mechanisms has yet to be investigated. Methods The cytotoxicity of the Ligno TG-K against human breast (MCF7), prostate (PC3) and lung (A549) adenocarcinoma cell lines was evaluated using MTT cytotoxicity assay. The cytotoxic mechanisms of the active high molecular weight proteins (HMWp) fraction were investigated through detection of caspases activity and apoptotic-related proteins expression by Western blotting. The in vivo antitumor activity of the isolated HMWp was examined using MCF7 mouse xenograft model. Shotgun LC-MS/MS analysis was performed to identify the proteins in the HMWp. Results and Discussion Cold water extract of the sclerotia inhibited proliferation of MCF7, A549 and PC3 cells with IC50 ranged from 28.9 to 95.0 µg/mL. Bioassay guided fractionation of the extract revealed that HMWp exhibited selective cytotoxicity against MCF7 cells via induction of cellular apoptosis by the activation of extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways. HMWp activated expression of caspase-8 and -9 enzymes, and pro-apoptotic Bax protein whilst inhibiting expression of tumor survivor protein, Bcl-2. HMWp induced tumor-cell apoptosis and suppressed growth of tumor in MCF-7 xenograft mice. Lectins, serine proteases, RNase Gf29 and a 230NA deoxyribonuclease are the major cytotoxic proteins that accounted for 55.93% of the HMWp. Conclusion The findings from this study provided scientific evidences to support the traditional use of the L. tigris sclerotia for treatment of breast cancer. Several cytotoxic proteins with high abundance have been identified in the HMWp of the sclerotial extract and these proteins have potential to be developed into new anticancer agents or as adjunct cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon Hong Kong
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Kean Hooi Teoh
- Department of Pathology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nget Hong Tan
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Chon Seng Tan
- Ligno Research Initiative, Ligno Biotech Sdn Bhd, Balakong Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Szu Ting Ng
- Ligno Research Initiative, Ligno Biotech Sdn Bhd, Balakong Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Shin Yee Fung
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia.,Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Rezvani V, Pourianfar HR, Mohammadnejad S, Madjid Ansari A, Farahmand L. Anticancer potentiality and mode of action of low-carbohydrate proteins and peptides from mushrooms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:6855-6871. [PMID: 32556413 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe side effects of chemotherapy as well as drug resistance highlight the ongoing need to discover novel natural bioactive compounds with anticancer potentiality. Mushroom-derived proteins are among the naturally occurring compounds that have been the subject of a body of research on their potentiality in cancer therapy. The greatest attention in relevant review articles has been paid to well-known mushroom-derived glycoproteins such as lectins and protein-bound polysaccharide complexes such as polysaccharide-K (PSK) or krestin and polysaccharopeptide (PSP), which contain substantial amounts of carbohydrates (50-90%). These complex compounds exert their anticancer activity mainly by binding to cell membranes leading to extrinsic (death receptor) apoptosis or intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathways. However, several other research studies have reported pure, well-characterized, proteins or peptides from mushrooms, which are carbohydrate-free or have very low amounts of carbohydrate. These proteins may fall into four categories including fungal immunomodulatory proteins, ubiquitin-like proteins, enzymes, and unclassified proteins. Well-defined chemical structure, elucidated full amino acid or N-terminal sequences, purity, and having some distinct and specific pathways compared to glycoproteins have made these low-carbohydrate proteins attractive for cancer research. The aim of this review was therefore to improve the current understanding of mushroom-derived low-carbohydrate proteins and to consolidate the existing knowledge of the most promising mushroom species from which low-carbohydrate proteins have been derived, characterized, and examined for their anticancer activity. In addition, molecular targets and mechanisms of action of these proteins have been discussed. Key points • Mushroom-derived low-carbohydrate proteins lack or have low carbohydrate. • Low-carbohydrate proteins show potent anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo. • There are specific pathways for low-carbohydrate proteins to inhibit cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vala Rezvani
- Industrial Fungi Biotechnology Research Department, Research Institute for Industrial Biotechnology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, P.O. Box 91775-1376, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid R Pourianfar
- Industrial Fungi Biotechnology Research Department, Research Institute for Industrial Biotechnology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, P.O. Box 91775-1376, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Safoora Mohammadnejad
- Industrial Fungi Biotechnology Research Department, Research Institute for Industrial Biotechnology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, P.O. Box 91775-1376, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Madjid Ansari
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Moatamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Farahmand
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Moatamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Mushroom extracts and compounds with suppressive action on breast cancer: evidence from studies using cultured cancer cells, tumor-bearing animals, and clinical trials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4675-4703. [PMID: 32274562 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10476-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews mushrooms with anti-breast cancer activity. The mushrooms covered which are better known include the following: button mushroom Agaricus bisporus, Brazilian mushroom Agaricus blazei, Amauroderma rugosum, stout camphor fungus Antrodia camphorata, Jew's ear (black) fungus or black wood ear fungus Auricularia auricula-judae, reishi mushroom or Lingzhi Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma sinense, maitake mushroom or sheep's head mushroom Grifola frondosa, lion's mane mushroom or monkey head mushroom Hericium erinaceum, brown beech mushroom Hypsizigus marmoreus, sulfur polypore mushroom Laetiporus sulphureus, Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom), Phellinus linteus (Japanese "meshimakobu," Chinese "song gen," Korean "sanghwang," American "black hoof mushroom"), abalone mushroom Pleurotus abalonus, king oyster mushroom Pleurotus eryngii, oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, tuckahoe or Fu Ling Poria cocos, and split gill mushroom Schizophyllum commune. Antineoplastic effectiveness in human clinical trials and mechanism of anticancer action have been reported for Antrodia camphorata, Cordyceps sinensis, Coriolus versicolor, Ganoderma lucidum, Grifola frondosa, and Lentinula edodes.
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Sung TJ, Wang YY, Liu KL, Chou CH, Lai PS, Hsieh CW. Pholiota nameko Polysaccharides Promotes Cell Proliferation and Migration and Reduces ROS Content in H 2O 2-Induced L929 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010065. [PMID: 31936888 PMCID: PMC7022505 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pholiota nameko, a type of edible and medicinal fungus, is currently grown extensively for food and traditional medicine in China and Japan. It possesses various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemia and antitumor activities. However, P. nameko has rarely been discussed in the field of dermatology; identifying its biological activities could be beneficial in development of a new natural ingredient used in wound care. To evaluate its in vitro wound healing activities, the present study assessed the antioxidant and anti-collagenase activities of P. nameko polysaccharides (PNPs) prepared through fractional precipitation (40%, 60% and 80% (v/v)); the assessments were conducted using reducing power, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate and collagenase activity assays. The ability of PNPs to facilitate L929 fibroblast cell proliferation and migration was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and scratch assays. The findings indicated that, among all fractions, PNP-80 showed the best antioxidant and anti-collagenase activity, as measured by their reducing power (IC50 of PNP-80 was 2.43 ± 0.17 mg/mL), the hydroxyl radical scavenging (IC50 of PNP-80 was 2.74 ± 0.11 mg/mL) and collagenase activity assay, and significantly reduced cellular ROS content, compared with that of H2O2-induced L929 cells. Moreover, PNP-80 significantly promoted L929 fibroblast proliferation and migration, compared with the control group. Overall, we suggested that PNP-80 could be a promising candidate for further evaluation of its potential application on wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Jung Sung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (T.-J.S.); (Y.-Y.W.); (K.-L.L.)
| | - Yu-Ying Wang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (T.-J.S.); (Y.-Y.W.); (K.-L.L.)
| | - Kai-Lun Liu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (T.-J.S.); (Y.-Y.W.); (K.-L.L.)
| | - Chun-Hsu Chou
- Dr. Jou Biotech Co., Ltd., No.21, Lugong S. 2nd Rd., Lukang Township, Changhua Country 505, Taiwan;
| | - Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (T.-J.S.); (Y.-Y.W.); (K.-L.L.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2284-0385 (ext. 5031); Fax: +886-4-2287-6211
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Wang G, Luo A, Fan Y, Chun Z, Pu S, Pan Y, Ma J, Miao R. Isolation, structural characteristics, and in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of the acid polysaccharide isolated from Pholiota nameko. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_109_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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16
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A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius activates macrophages. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 214:34-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Vieira Gomes DC, de Alencar MVOB, dos Reis AC, de Lima RMT, de Oliveira Santos JV, da Mata AMOF, Soares Dias AC, da Costa JS, de Medeiros MDGF, Paz MFCJ, Gayoso e Almendra Ibiapina Moreno LC, Castro e Sousa JMD, Islam MT, Melo Cavalcante AADC. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic/antitumoral bioactives from the phylum Basidiomycota and their possible mechanisms of action. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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18
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Niu WR, Guo CL, Lou DJ, Li RT, Xiang Q, Zou YL, Cui XM, Yang XY. One new sterpurane sesquiterpene from cultures of the basidiomycete Pholiota nameko. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:2754-2759. [PMID: 30887855 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1586694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
One new sterpurane sesquiterpene (1), named (3R,6S,7S,8R,10S)-3,7,14-trihydroxy-1-sterpurene was isolated from cultures of the basidiomycete Pholiota nameko. The structure of new compound was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic. Additionally, a single crystal X-ray diffraction not only confirmed the structure, but also determined the absolute configuration of the new compound. The compound was evaluated for cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines, but no significant cytotoxicity were found (IC50 values > 40 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Rong Niu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming , P. R. China
| | - Cong-Liang Guo
- Yunnan Institute of Materia Medica , Kunming , P. R. China
| | - Deng-Ji Lou
- College of Resources and Enviroment, Yuxi Normal University , Xuyi , P. R. China
| | - Rui-Ting Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming , P. R. China
| | - Qiao Xiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming , P. R. China
| | - Yu-Lin Zou
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming , P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Ming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming , P. R. China
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19
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Improved Postharvest Preservation Effects of Pholiota nameko Mushroom by Sodium Alginate–Based Edible Composite Coating. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-019-2235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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20
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Zhou R, Liu ZK, Zhang YN, Wong JH, Ng TB, Liu F. Research Progress of Bioactive Proteins from the Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:196-219. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203719666180613090710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
For centuries, mushrooms have been widely used as traditional Chinese medicine in Asia.
Apart from polysaccharides and some small-molecule components, such as flavones, polyphenols and
terpenes, mushrooms produce a large number of pharmaceutically active proteins, which have become
popular sources of natural antitumor, antimicrobial, immunoenhancing agents. These bioactive proteins
include lectins, laccases, Ribosome Inactivating Proteins (RIPs), nucleases, and Fungal Immunomodulatory
Proteins (FIPs). The review is to summarize the characterstics of structure and bioactivities involved
in antitumor, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial and immunoenhancing activities of proteins from
edible mushrooms, to better understand their mechanisms, and to direct research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, China
| | - Zhao Kun Liu
- Department of History, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Ye Ni Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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21
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Hu Q, Du H, Ma G, Pei F, Ma N, Yuan B, Nakata PA, Yang W. Purification, identification and functional characterization of an immunomodulatory protein from Pleurotus eryngii. Food Funct 2018; 9:3764-3775. [PMID: 29897364 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00604k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pleurotus eryngii contains bioactive compounds that can activate the immune system. Here we report the identification, purification, and functional characterization of the bioactive P. eryngii protein (PEP) 1b. PEP 1b was discovered to be a 21.9 kDa protein with the ability to induce the M1-polarization of the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 cells. Biochemical measurements showed that PEP 1b stimulated nitric oxide (NO), IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α production and regulated inducible NO synthase. Phosphorylation and inhibitor studies revealed that PEP 1b promoted the translocation of NF-kB from the cytosol to the nucleus allowing the induction of target gene expression and NO production. The phosphorylation of JNK and ERK1/2 was found to be necessary for NO production. Each phosphorylation pathway was found to require a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 as a prerequisite for PEP 1b-induced NO production. This study suggests that PEP 1b is an immunomodulatory protein that can boost cellular immune responses through the activation of the TLR4-NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhui Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
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22
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Fucogalactan from the giant mushroom Macrocybe titans inhibits melanoma cells migration. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 190:50-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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23
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Purification and characterization of a novel ubiquitin-like antitumour protein with hemagglutinating and deoxyribonuclease activities from the edible mushroom Ramaria botrytis. AMB Express 2017; 7:47. [PMID: 28229436 PMCID: PMC5321645 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel ubiquitin-like antitumour protein (RBUP) was isolated from fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Ramaria botrytis. The protein was isolated with a purification protocol involving ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose fast flow and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. SDS-PAGE, Native-PAGE and ultracentrifugation analysis disclosed that RBUP was a monomeric protein with a molecular weight of 18.5 kDa. ESI-MS/MS demonstrated that it shared 69% amino acid sequence similarity with Coprinellus congregates ubiquitin (gi|136667). The protein exhibiting strong anticancer activity towards A549 cells. Analysis by employing AO/EB staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI detection indicated that the cytotoxic effect of RBUP was mediated through induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, RBUP displayed hemagglutinating and deoxyribonuclease activities. A temperature of 40 °C and pH of 7.0 were required for optimal DNase activity. Therefore, it was estimated that RBUP exerted its antitumour effect by inducing apoptosis, and its hemagglutinating and DNase activities were also thought to participate in this effect. These results demonstrated that RBUP was a multifunctional protein with potential medicinal applications.
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24
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Sovrani V, de Jesus LI, Simas-Tosin FF, Smiderle FR, Iacomini M. Structural characterization and rheological properties of a gel-like β-d-glucan from Pholiota nameko. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 169:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Matuszewska A, Karp M, Jaszek M, Janusz G, Osińska-Jaroszuk M, Sulej J, Stefaniuk D, Tomczak W, Giannopoulos K. Laccase purified from Cerrena unicolor exerts antitumor activity against leukemic cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:2009-2018. [PMID: 26998114 PMCID: PMC4774592 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most commonly observed adult hematological malignancy in Western countries. Despite the fact that recent improvements in CLL treatment have led to an increased percentage of complete remissions, CLL remains an incurable disease. Cerrena unicolor is a novel fungal source of highly active extracellular laccase (ex-LAC) that is currently used in industry. However, to the best of our knowledge, no reports regarding its anti-leukemic activity have been published thus far. In the present study, it was hypothesized that C. unicolor ex-LAC may possess cytotoxic activity against leukemic cell lines and CLL primary cells. C. unicolor ex-LAC was separated using anion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose-Sepharose and Sephadex G-50 columns. The cytotoxic effects of ex-LAC upon 24- and 48-h treatment on HL-60, Jurkat, RPMI 8226 and K562 cell lines, as well as CLL primary cells of nine patients with CLL, were evaluated using 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay. Annexin V/propidium iodide staining of Jurkat cells treated with ex-LAC was used to investigate apoptosis via flow cytometry. Ex-LAC induced changes in Jurkat and RPMI 8226 cells, as visualized by fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XTT assay revealed high cytotoxic rates following treatment with various concentrations of ex-LAC on all the cell lines and CLL primary cells analyzed, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration ranging from 0.4 to 1.1 µg/ml. Fluorescence microscopy and SEM observations additionally revealed apoptotic changes in Jurkat and RPMI 8226 cells treated with ex-LAC, compared with control cells. These results were in agreement with the apoptosis analysis of Jurkat cells on flow cytometry. In conclusion, C. unicolor ex-LAC was able to significantly induce cell apoptosis, and may represent a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of various hematological neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Matuszewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | - Marta Karp
- Department of Experimental Hemato-Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-093, Poland; Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-091, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jaszek
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Janusz
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | | | - Justyna Sulej
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | - Dawid Stefaniuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | - Waldemar Tomczak
- Department of Hemato-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-081, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Giannopoulos
- Department of Experimental Hemato-Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-093, Poland
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Awala S, Oyetayo V. Assessment of Free Radical Scavenging Potentials of Extracts of Trametes lactinea Collected from Akure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2016.10.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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27
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Sadi G, Emsen B, Kaya A, Kocabaş A, Çınar S, Kartal Dİ. Cytotoxicity of some edible mushrooms extracts over liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells in conjunction with their antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S6-S18. [PMID: 26109775 PMCID: PMC4461969 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.157665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mushrooms have been valued for their nutritive content and as traditional medicines; several important medicinal properties of mushrooms have been recognized worldwide. Objective: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the cell growth inhibitory potential of four edible mushrooms; Coprinus comatus (O.F. Mull.) Pers. (Agaricaceae), Tricholoma fracticum (Britzelm.) Kreisel (Tricholomataceae), Rhizopogon luteolus Fr. and Nordholm (Rhizopogonaceae), Lentinus tigrinus (Bull.) Fr. (Polyporaceae) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells in conjunction with their antioxidant and antibacterial capacities. Materials and Methods: Five different extracts of edible mushrooms were obtained using water, methanol, acetone, n-hexane and chloroform as solvent systems for cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Results: C. comatus showed substantial in vitro cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cell lines with all extracts especially with chloroform 50% inhibition (IC50 value of 0.086 mg/ml) and acetone (IC50 value of 0.420 mg/ml). Chloroform extract of C. comatus had maximum amount of β-carotene (25.94 μg/mg), total phenolic content (76.32 μg/mg) and lycopene (12.00 μg/mg), and n-hexane extract of L. tigrinus had maximum amount of flavonoid (3.67 μg/mg). While chloroform extract of C. comatus showed the highest 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) capturing activity (1.579 mg/ml), the best result for metal chelating activity was obtained from methanolic extract (0.842 mg/ml). Moreover, all tested mushrooms demonstrated antibacterial activity and n-hexane extract of L. tigrinus and acetone extracts of T. fracticum were the most active against tested microorganism. Conclusion: These results indicate that different extracts of investigated mushroom have considerable cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial properties and may be utilized as a promising source of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Sadi
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Buğrahan Emsen
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Kaya
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Aytaç Kocabaş
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Seval Çınar
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Deniz İrtem Kartal
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry Graduate Programme, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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28
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Singh SS, Wang H, Chan YS, Pan W, Dan X, Yin CM, Akkouh O, Ng TB. Lectins from edible mushrooms. Molecules 2014; 20:446-69. [PMID: 25558856 PMCID: PMC6272671 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20010446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are famous for their nutritional and medicinal values and also for the diversity of bioactive compounds they contain including lectins. The present review is an attempt to summarize and discuss data available on molecular weights, structures, biological properties, N-terminal sequences and possible applications of lectins from edible mushrooms. It further aims to update and discuss/examine the recent advancements in the study of these lectins regarding their structures, functions, and exploitable properties. A detailed tabling of all the available data for N-terminal sequences of these lectins is also presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senjam Sunil Singh
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal 795003, India.
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yau Sang Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenliang Pan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiuli Dan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Cui Ming Yin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ouafae Akkouh
- Department of Biology and Medical Laboratory Research, Leiden University of Applied Science, Zernikedreef 11, Leiden 2333 CK, The Netherlands.
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Induction of intrinsic apoptosis pathway in colon cancer HCT-116 cells by novel 2-substituted-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 77:323-33. [PMID: 24657569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
2-Acetyl tetralin (1) reacted with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (DMF-DMA) to afford the enaminone 3. The reaction of 3 with piperidine and morpholine afforded the trans enaminone 5a,b, respectively. Compound 3 was treated with primary aromatic amines to give secondary enaminones 6a-e. The enaminone 3 reacted with acetylglycine and hippuric acid to yield pyranones 10a, b, respectively. The reaction of enaminone 3 with 1,4-benzoquinone and 1,4-naphthoquinone gave benzofuranyl tetralin derivatives 14a,b, respectively. Also, when 3 reacted with 5-amino-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole 15a and 5-amino-1,2,3-triazole 15b, it afforded the new pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine 17a and 1,2,3-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine 17b, respectively. While the reaction of 3 with pyrimidines 18a, b resulted in the formation of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives 20a, b, respectively. Investigations of the cytotoxic effect of those compounds against different human cell lines indicated that some compounds showed high selective cytotoxicity against colon cancer HCT-116 cells. Some of these compounds led to DNA damaging and fragmentation that was associated with the induction of apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway. This pathway is initiated by the impairment of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm) and in response to that the mitochondria released cytochrome c increased, that in turn activated caspase-9 and caspase-3 and induced apoptosis. Compounds 17b and 20b were promising anti-cancer agents that induced intrinsic apoptosis pathway in colon cancer cells.
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30
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Jiang S, Wang S, Sun Y, Ma Y. Nutrients responses of Pleurotus ostreatus to slow frozen storage in the short term. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07313d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper improves the understanding of changes happening with nutraceuticals in slow freezingPleurotus ostreatusduring short-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjuan Jiang
- College of Life Science
- Anhui Science and Technology University
- Anhui Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Songhua Wang
- College of Life Science
- Anhui Science and Technology University
- Anhui Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Yujun Sun
- College of Life Science
- Anhui Science and Technology University
- Anhui Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Yuhan Ma
- College of Life Science
- Anhui Science and Technology University
- Anhui Fengyang 233100, China
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