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Sogame Y, Ogata M, Hakozaki S, Saito Y, Suzuki T, Saito R, Suizu F, Watanabe K. α,β-trehalose, an intracellular substance in resting cyst of colpodid ciliates as a key to environmental tolerances. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 716:149971. [PMID: 38697009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
α,α-trehalose is a well-known sugar that plays a key role in establishing tolerance to environmental stresses in many organisms, except unicellular eukaryotes. However, almost nothing is known about α,β-trehalose, including their synthesis, function, and even presence in living organisms. In this study, we identified α,β-trehalose in the resting cyst, a dormancy cell form characterized by extreme tolerance to environmental stresses, of the ciliated protist Colpoda cucullus, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS), glycosyltransferase (GT), alpha-amylase (AMY), and trehalose transporter 1 (TRET1), were up-regulated in encystment, while the expression of α-glucosidase 2 (AG2) and trehalase (TREH) was up-regulated in excystment. These results suggest that α,β-trehalose is synthesized during encystment process, while and contributes to extreme tolerances to environmental stressors, stored carbohydrates, and energy reserve during resting cyst and/or during excystment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Sogame
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Institute of Technology, Fukushima College, Iwaki, 970-8034, Japan.
| | - Makoto Ogata
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Hakozaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Institute of Technology, Fukushima College, Iwaki, 970-8034, Japan
| | - Yuta Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Institute of Technology, Fukushima College, Iwaki, 970-8034, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Suzuki
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Ryota Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Institute of Technology, Fukushima College, Iwaki, 970-8034, Japan
| | - Futoshi Suizu
- Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Host-Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kozo Watanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
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2
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Guo W, Liu D, Li J, Sun W, Sun T, Wang X, Wang K, Liu Q, Tian C. Manipulation of an α-glucosidase in the industrial glucoamylase-producing Aspergillus niger strain O1 to decrease non-fermentable sugars production and increase glucoamylase activity. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1029361. [PMID: 36338048 PMCID: PMC9633098 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1029361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Dextrose equivalent of glucose from starch hydrolysis is a critical index for starch-hydrolysis industry. Improving glucose yield and decreasing the non]-fermentable sugars which caused by transglycosylation activity of the enzymes during the starch saccharification is an important direction. In this study, we identified two key α-glucosidases responsible for producing non-fermentable sugars in an industrial glucoamylase-producing strain Aspergillus niger O1. The results showed the transglycosylation product panose was decreased by more than 88.0% in agdA /agdB double knock-out strains than strain O1. Additionally, the B-P1 domain of agdB was found accountable as starch hydrolysis activity only, and B-P1 overexpression in ΔA ΔB -21 significantly increased glucoamylase activity whereas keeping the glucoamylase cocktail low transglycosylation activity. The total amounts of the transglycosylation products isomaltose and panose were significantly decreased in final strain B-P1-3 by 40.7% and 44.5%, respectively. The application of engineered strains will decrease the cost and add the value of product for starch biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingen Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenliang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Kefen Wang
- Longda Biotechnology Inc., Shandong, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chaoguang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
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3
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Mondal S, Mondal K, Halder SK, Thakur N, Mondal KC. Microbial Amylase: Old but still at the forefront of all major industrial enzymes. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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4
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High yield synthesis of nigerooligosaccharides by transglycosylation catalyzed by α-glucosidase TaAglA from Thermoplasma acidophilum. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Dong YS, Yu N, Li X, Zhang B, Xing Y, Zhuang C, Xiu ZL. Dietary 5,6,7-Trihydroxy-flavonoid Aglycones and 1-Deoxynojirimycin Synergistically Inhibit the Recombinant Maltase-Glucoamylase Subunit of α-Glucosidase and Lower Postprandial Blood Glucose. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8774-8787. [PMID: 32806121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
1-Deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) is the major effective component of mulberry leaves, exhibiting inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. However, due to the low content of 1-DNJ in mulberry products, its level cannot meet the lowest dose to exhibit its activity. In this study, a combination of dietary 5,6,7-trihydroxy-flavonoid aglycones with 1-DNJ showed synergistic inhibitory activity against maltase of mice α-glucosidase and recombinant C- and N-termini of maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) and baicalein with 1-DNJ exhibited the strongest synergistic effect. The synergistic effect of the combination was also confirmed by the maltose tolerance test in vivo. Enzyme kinetics, molecular docking, fluorescence spectrum, and circular dichroism spectrometry studies indicated that the major mechanism of the synergism is that baicalein was a positive allosteric inhibitor and bound to the noncompetitive site of MGAM, causing an increase of the binding affinity of 1-DNJ to MGAM. Our results might provide a theoretical basis for the design of dietary supplements containing mulberry products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Sheng Dong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Na Yu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yan Xing
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Zhi-Long Xiu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
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6
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Kawano A, Fukui K, Matsumoto Y, Terada A, Tominaga A, Nikaido N, Tonozuka T, Totani K, Yasutake N. Analysis of Transglucosylation Products of Aspergillus niger α-Glucosidase that Catalyzes the Formation of α-1,2- and α-1,3-Linked Oligosaccharides. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2020; 67:41-49. [PMID: 34354527 PMCID: PMC8311119 DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2019_0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
According to whole-genome sequencing, Aspergillus niger produces multiple enzymes of glycoside hydrolases (GH) 31. Here we focus on a GH31 α-glucosidase, AgdB, from A. niger . AgdB has also previously been reported as being expressed in the yeast species, Pichia pastoris ; while the recombinant enzyme (rAgdB) has been shown to catalyze tranglycosylation via a complex mechanism. We constructed an expression system for A. niger AgdB using Aspergillus nidulans . To better elucidate the complicated mechanism employed by AgdB for transglucosylation, we also established a method to quantify glucosidic linkages in the transglucosylation products using 2D NMR spectroscopy. Results from the enzyme activity analysis indicated that the optimum temperature was 65 °C and optimum pH range was 6.0-7.0. Further, the NMR results showed that when maltose or maltopentaose served as the substrate, α-1,2-, α-1,3-, and small amount of α-1,1-β-linked oligosaccharides are present throughout the transglucosylation products of AgdB. These results suggest that AgdB is an α-glucosidase that serves as a transglucosylase capable of effectively producing oligosaccharides with α-1,2-, α-1,3-glucosidic linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nozomi Nikaido
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Department of Engineering for Future Innovation, National Institute of Technology, Ichinoseki College
| | - Takashi Tonozuka
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Kazuhide Totani
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Department of Engineering for Future Innovation, National Institute of Technology, Ichinoseki College
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7
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Gao Y, Saburi W, Taguchi Y, Mori H. Biochemical characteristics of maltose phosphorylase MalE from Bacillus sp. AHU2001 and chemoenzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides by the enzyme. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:2097-2109. [PMID: 31262243 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1634516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Maltose phosphorylase (MP), a glycoside hydrolase family 65 enzyme, reversibly phosphorolyzes maltose. In this study, we characterized Bacillus sp. AHU2001 MP (MalE) that was produced in Escherichia coli. The enzyme exhibited phosphorolytic activity to maltose, but not to other α-linked glucobioses and maltotriose. The optimum pH and temperature of MalE for maltose-phosphorolysis were 8.1 and 45°C, respectively. MalE was stable at a pH range of 4.5-10.4 and at ≤40°C. The phosphorolysis of maltose by MalE obeyed the sequential Bi-Bi mechanism. In reverse phosphorolysis, MalE utilized d-glucose, 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol, methyl α-d-glucoside, 2-deoxy-d-glucose, d-mannose, d-glucosamine, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, kojibiose, 3-deoxy-d-glucose, d-allose, 6-deoxy-d-glucose, d-xylose, d-lyxose, l-fucose, and l-sorbose as acceptors. The kcat(app)/Km(app) value for d-glucosamine and 6-deoxy-d-glucose was comparable to that for d-glucose, and that for other acceptors was 0.23-12% of that for d-glucose. MalE synthesized α-(1→3)-glucosides through reverse phosphorolysis with 2-deoxy-d-glucose and l-sorbose, and synthesized α-(1→4)-glucosides in the reaction with other tested acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Wataru Saburi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Yodai Taguchi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Haruhide Mori
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
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8
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Wu H, Zeng W, Chen G, Guo Y, Yao C, Li J, Liang Z. Spectroscopic techniques investigation on the interaction of glucoamylase with 1-deoxynojirimycin: Mechanistic and conformational study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 206:613-621. [PMID: 30098884 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), a representative polyhydroxylated alkaloids, is widely used in the field of antidiabetic, antitumor, and anti-HIV. The present study tried to clarify the interaction mechanism of DNJ with glucoamylase by multi-spectroscopic techniques, dynamic light scattering in combination with molecular modeling strategies from biophysics point of view. Fluorescence and UV-vis data indicated that fluorescence quenching mechanism of glucoamylase and DNJ was a dynamic manner. The association constant, binding site and thermodynamic parameters were also obtained from fluorescence spectrum at different temperatures. Synchronous fluorescence, circular dichroism and dynamic light scattering methods demonstrated that their interaction induced microenvironment changes around tryptophan residue and protein conformational alteration. The main driving force was hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding. In addition, molecular docking study indicated that 1-deoxynojirimycin could bind in the catalytic domain of glucoamylase and interact with amino acid residues Arg78, Asp79, Glu203 and Glu424 by forming hydrogen bonds. Molecular dynamics simulation demonstrated that profiles of atomic fluctuation remained the rigidity of ligand binding site. This study elucidated the detailed interaction mechanism of DNJ with glucoamylase, which will be helpful for pharmaceutical companies to design new α-glucosidase inhibitor drugs based on polyhydroxylated alkaloids compound like DNJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Guiguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Ye Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Chengzhen Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiqun Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
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9
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Wu H, Zeng W, Chen L, Yu B, Guo Y, Chen G, Liang Z. Integrated multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking techniques to probe the interaction mechanism between maltase and 1-deoxynojirimycin, an α-glucosidase inhibitor. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 114:1194-1202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Auiewiriyanukul W, Saburi W, Kato K, Yao M, Mori H. Function and structure of GH13_31 α-glucosidase with high α-(1→4)-glucosidic linkage specificity and transglucosylation activity. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2268-2281. [PMID: 29870070 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase hydrolyzes α-glucosides and transfers α-glucosyl residues to an acceptor through transglucosylation. In this study, GH13_31 α-glucosidase BspAG13_31A with high transglucosylation activity is reported in Bacillus sp. AHU2216 and biochemically and structurally characterized. This enzyme is specific to α-(1→4)-glucosidic linkage as substrates and transglucosylation products. Maltose is the most preferred substrate. Crystal structures of BspAG13_31A wild-type for the substrate-free form and inactive acid/base mutant E256Q in complexes with maltooligosaccharides were solved at 1.6-2.5 Å resolution. BspAG13_31A has a catalytic domain folded by an (β/α)8 -barrel. In subsite +1, Ala200 and His203 on β→α loop 4 and Asn258 on β→α loop 5 are involved in the recognition of maltooligosaccharides. Structural basis for specificity of GH13_31 enzymes to α-(1→4)-glucosidic linkage is first described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wataru Saburi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koji Kato
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Min Yao
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruhide Mori
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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11
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Okuyama M, Miyamoto M, Matsuo I, Iwamoto S, Serizawa R, Tanuma M, Ma M, Klahan P, Kumagai Y, Tagami T, Kimura A. Substrate recognition of the catalytic α-subunit of glucosidase II from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:1503-1511. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1320520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The recombinant catalytic α-subunit of N-glycan processing glucosidase II from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (SpGIIα) was produced in Escherichia coli. The recombinant SpGIIα exhibited quite low stability, with a reduction in activity to <40% after 2-days preservation at 4 °C, but the presence of 10% (v/v) glycerol prevented this loss of activity. SpGIIα, a member of the glycoside hydrolase family 31 (GH31), displayed the typical substrate specificity of GH31 α-glucosidases. The enzyme hydrolyzed not only α-(1→3)- but also α-(1→2)-, α-(1→4)-, and α-(1→6)-glucosidic linkages, and p-nitrophenyl α-glucoside. SpGIIα displayed most catalytic properties of glucosidase II. Hydrolytic activity of the terminal α-glucosidic residue of Glc2Man3-Dansyl was faster than that of Glc1Man3-Dansyl. This catalytic α-subunit also removed terminal glucose residues from native N-glycans (Glc2Man9GlcNAc2 and Glc1Man9GlcNAc2) although the activity was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Okuyama
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masashi Miyamoto
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Matsuo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Japan
| | - Shogo Iwamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Japan
| | - Ryo Serizawa
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanari Tanuma
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Min Ma
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Patcharapa Klahan
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuya Kumagai
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Tagami
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kimura
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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12
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Taguchi Y, Saburi W, Imai R, Mori H. Evaluation of acceptor selectivity of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis trehalose 6-phosphate phosphorylase in the reverse phosphorolysis and synthesis of a new sugar phosphate. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:1512-1519. [PMID: 28537141 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1329620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose 6-phosphate phosphorylase (TrePP), a member of glycoside hydrolase family 65, catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) with inversion of the anomeric configuration to produce β-d-glucose 1-phosphate (β-Glc1P) and d-glucose 6-phosphate (Glc6P). TrePP in Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (LlTrePP) is, alongside the phosphotransferase system, involved in the metabolism of trehalose. In this study, recombinant LlTrePP was produced and characterized. It showed its highest reverse phosphorolytic activity at pH 4.8 and 40°C, and was stable in the pH range 5.0-8.0 and at up to 30°C. Kinetic analyses indicated that reverse phosphorolysis of Tre6P proceeded through a sequential bi bi mechanism involving the formation of a ternary complex of the enzyme, β-Glc1P, and Glc6P. Suitable acceptor substrates were Glc6P, and, at a low level, d-mannose 6-phosphate (Man6P). From β-Glc1P and Man6P, a novel sugar phosphate, α-d-Glcp-(1↔1)-α-d-Manp6P, was synthesized with 51% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yodai Taguchi
- a Research Faculty of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Wataru Saburi
- a Research Faculty of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Ryozo Imai
- b Division of Applied Genetics , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Haruhide Mori
- a Research Faculty of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
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13
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Jung JH, Seo DH, Holden JF, Kim HS, Baik MY, Park CS. Broad substrate specificity of a hyperthermophilic α-glucosidase from Pyrobaculum arsenaticum. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:1665-1669. [PMID: 30263460 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrobaculum arsenaticum is a hyperthermophilic archaeon that thrives at 95°C. This strain encodes a putative GH31 intracellular α-glucosidase (Pars_2044, PyAG) in its genome. The recombinant PyAG (rPyAG) was optimally expressed in Escherichia coli at 37°C for 4 h after IPTG induction. The purified rPyAG is a homotetrameric α-glucosidase that exhibited highly thermostable properties. Maximum p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) hydrolysis activity was observed at 90°C and pH 5.0. The enzyme mainly recognized the non-reducing end of the substrate, releasing the glucose unit. rPyAG also had broad substrate specificity, cleaving maltose (α-1,4-linkage), kojibiose (α-1,2-linkage), and nigerose (α-1,3-linkage) with similar efficiency. Based on these results, rPyAG can be used to modify health-relevant sugar conjugates linked by α-1,2- or α-1,3-bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyun Jung
- 1Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17140 Korea
- 2Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212 Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- 1Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17140 Korea
- 3Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13539 Korea
| | - James F Holden
- 4Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- 5Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong, Gyeongbuk, 36729 Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Baik
- 1Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17140 Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- 1Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17140 Korea
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14
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Zeng L, Zhang G, Lin S, Gong D. Inhibitory Mechanism of Apigenin on α-Glucosidase and Synergy Analysis of Flavonoids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6939-6949. [PMID: 27581205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity may suppress postprandial hyperglycemia. The inhibition kinetic analysis showed that apigenin reversibly inhibited α-glucosidase activity with an IC50 value of (10.5 ± 0.05) × 10(-6) mol L(-1), and the inhibition was in a noncompetitive manner through a monophasic kinetic process. The fluorescence quenching and conformational changes determined by fluorescence and circular dichroism were due to the formation of an α-glucosidase-apigenin complex, and the binding was mainly driven by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The molecular simulation showed that apigenin bound to a site close to the active site of α-glucosidase, which may induce the channel closure to prevent the access of substrate, eventually leading to the inhibition of α-glucosidase. Isobolographic analysis of the interaction between myricetin and apigenin or morin showed that both of them exhibited synergistic effects at low concentrations and tended to exhibit additive or antagonistic interaction at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science, Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science, Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Suyun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science, Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Deming Gong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland , Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Okuyama M, Saburi W, Mori H, Kimura A. α-Glucosidases and α-1,4-glucan lyases: structures, functions, and physiological actions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:2727-51. [PMID: 27137181 PMCID: PMC11108350 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucosidases (AGases) and α-1,4-glucan lyases (GLases) catalyze the degradation of α-glucosidic linkages at the non-reducing ends of substrates to release α-glucose and anhydrofructose, respectively. The AGases belong to glycoside hydrolase (GH) families 13 and 31, and the GLases belong to GH31 and share the same structural fold with GH31 AGases. GH13 and GH31 AGases show diverse functions upon the hydrolysis of substrates, having linkage specificities and size preferences, as well as upon transglucosylation, forming specific α-glucosidic linkages. The crystal structures of both enzymes were determined using free and ligand-bound forms, which enabled us to understand the important structural elements responsible for the diverse functions. A series of mutational approaches revealed features of the structural elements. In particular, amino-acid residues in plus subsites are of significance, because they regulate transglucosylation, which is used in the production of industrially valuable oligosaccharides. The recently solved three-dimensional structure of GLase from red seaweed revealed the amino-acid residues essential for lyase activity and the strict recognition of the α-(1 → 4)-glucosidic substrate linkage. The former was introduced to the GH31 AGase, and the resultant mutant displayed GLase activity. GH13 and GH31 AGases hydrate anhydrofructose to produce glucose, suggesting that AGases are involved in the catabolic pathway used to salvage unutilized anhydrofructose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Okuyama
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Wataru Saburi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Haruhide Mori
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan.
| | - Atsuo Kimura
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan.
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