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Li S, Hou L, Zhu S, Sun W, Cao J, Yi Q, Zhao D, Song P. Associations of serum uric acid with hypertension status, stages, phenotypes and progressions among Chinese middle-aged and elderly. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:988-997. [PMID: 38176957 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS No consensus has been reached on the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the associations between SUA and hypertension, including its status, stages, phenotypes and progressions, among middle-aged and older Chinese. METHODS AND RESULTS Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011-2015. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between SUA and hypertension status. Multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the associations of SUA with hypertension stages, phenotypes and hypertension status progressions. Models were adjusted for potential confounders and stratified by sex. A total of 7931 individuals aged ≥45 years were included, with 39.16 % of hypertension. Significant associations were found of SUA with stage2 and above hypertension (quartile 4 [Q4] vs quartile 1 [Q1]: odds ratio 1.78, 95 % confidence interval 1.31-2.42, P < 0.001), and systolic diastolic hypertension (SDH) (Q4 vs Q1: 1.53, 1.14-2.06, P = 0.005). In sex stratification, significant associations were found between SUA and stage2 and above hypertension and SDH only for men. Moreover, higher quartiles of baseline SUA showed increased risks of maintained hypertension from 2011 to 2015 (Q3 vs Q1: 1.23, 1.03-1.48, P = 0.024; Q4 vs Q1: 1.73, 1.43-2.10, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Higher SUA was associated with hypertension and maintained hypertension among Chinese middle-aged and elderly. Sex-specific associations of SUA with hypertension stages and phenotypes were observed. Regular measurement of SUA in clinical practice may indicate hypertension and its progression, particularly among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Li
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Leying Hou
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyu Zhu
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weidi Sun
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Cao
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Yi
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Peige Song
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Barisione C, Verzola D, Garibaldi S, Altieri P, Furfaro AL, Nitti M, Pratesi G, Palombo D, Ameri P. Indoxyl sulphate-initiated activation of cardiac fibroblasts is modulated by aryl hydrocarbon receptor and nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18192. [PMID: 38506079 PMCID: PMC10951876 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, extensive attention has been paid to the uremic toxin indoxyl sulphate (IS) as an inducer of cardiac fibroblast (cFib) activation and cardiac fibrosis in chronic kidney disease. At cellular level, IS engages aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and regulates many biological functions. We analysed how AhR inhibition by CH-223191 (CH) and overexpression of non-functional (dominant negative, DN) nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor recruited by AhR, modulate the response of neonatal mouse (nm) cFib to IS. We also evaluated nm-cardiomyocytes after incubation with the conditioned medium (CM) of IS±CH-treated nm-cFib. IS induced activation, collagen synthesis, TLR4 and-downstream-MCP-1, and the genes encoding angiotensinogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1r) and neprilysin (Nepr) in nm-cFib. CH antagonized IS-initiated nm-cFib activation, but did not affect or even magnified the other features. IS promoted NRF2 nuclear translocation and expression the NRF2 target Nqo1. Both pre-incubation with CH and transfection of DN-NRF2 resulted in loss of NRF2 nuclear localization. Moreover, DN-NRF2 overexpression led to greater TLR4 and MCP-1 levels following exposure to IS. The CM of IS-primed nm-cFib and to a larger extent the CM of IS+CH-treated nm-cFib upregulated AT1r, Nepr and TNFα and myostatin genes in nm-cardiomyocytes. Hence, IS triggers pro-inflammatory activation of nm-cFib partly via AhR, and AhR-NRF2 counteract it. Strategies other than AhR inhibition are needed to target IS detrimental actions on cardiac cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Barisione
- Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic SciencesUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
- Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular DepartmentIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenovaItaly
| | - Daniela Verzola
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
| | | | - Paola Altieri
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
| | | | - Mariapaola Nitti
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
| | - Giovanni Pratesi
- Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic SciencesUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
- Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular DepartmentIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenovaItaly
| | - Domenico Palombo
- Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic SciencesUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
| | - Pietro Ameri
- Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular DepartmentIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenovaItaly
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
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Kiyomoto K, Matsuo I, Suita K, Ohnuki Y, Ishikawa M, Ito A, Mototani Y, Tsunoda M, Morii A, Nariyama M, Hayakawa Y, Amitani Y, Gomi K, Okumura S. Oral angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril protects the heart from Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292624. [PMID: 37983238 PMCID: PMC10659197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are considered useful for the treatment of human heart failure, some experimental failing-heart models have shown little beneficial effect of ACE inhibitors in animals with poor oral health, particularly periodontitis. In this study, we examined the effects of the ACE inhibitor captopril (Cap; 0.1 mg/mL in drinking water) on cardiac dysfunction in mice treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (PG-LPS) at a dose (0.8 mg/kg/day) equivalent to the circulating level in patients with periodontal disease. Mice were divided into four groups: 1) Control, 2) PG-LPS, 3) Cap, and 4) PG-LPS + Cap. After1 week, we evaluated cardiac function by echocardiography. The left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly decreased in PG-LPS-treated mice compared to the control (from 66 ± 1.8 to 59 ± 2.5%), while Cap ameliorated the dysfunction (63 ± 1.1%). The area of cardiac fibrosis was significantly increased (approximately 2.9-fold) and the number of apoptotic myocytes was significantly increased (approximately 5.6-fold) in the heart of PG-LPS-treated group versus the control, and these changes were suppressed by Cap. The impairment of cardiac function in PG-LPS-treated mice was associated with protein kinase C δ phosphorylation (Tyr-311), leading to upregulation of NADPH oxidase 4 and xanthine oxidase, and calmodulin kinase II phosphorylation (Thr-286) with increased phospholamban phosphorylation (Thr-17). These changes were also suppressed by Cap. Our results suggest that the renin-angiotensin system might play an important role in the development of cardiac diseases induced by PG-LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kiyomoto
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Matsuo
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenji Suita
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ohnuki
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Misao Ishikawa
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Aiko Ito
- Department of Orthodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Mototani
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michinori Tsunoda
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akinaka Morii
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Megumi Nariyama
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hayakawa
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Amitani
- Department of Mathematics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Gomi
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okumura
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Sun L, Ni C, Zhao J, Wang G, Chen W. Probiotics, bioactive compounds and dietary patterns for the effective management of hyperuricemia: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2016-2031. [PMID: 36073759 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2119934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is closely linked with an increased risk of developing hypertension, diabetes, renal failure and other metabolic syndromes. Probiotics, bioactive compounds and dietary patterns are safe cost-efficient ways to control hyperuricemia, whereas comprehensive reviews of their anti-hyperuricemic mechanisms are limited. This review summarizes the roles of probiotics, bioactive compounds and dietary patterns in treating hyperuricemia and critically reviews the possible mechanisms by which these interventions exert their activities. The dietary patterns are closely related to the occurrence of hyperuricemia through the indirect action of gut microbiota or the direct effects of host purine metabolism. The Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diets help reduce serum uric acid concentrations and thus prevent hyperuricemia. Meanwhile, probiotics alleviate hyperuricemia by ways of absorbing purine, restoring gut microbiota dysbiosis and inhibiting xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. Bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, peptides and alkaloids exert various anti-hyperuricemic effects, by regulating urate transporters, blocking the active sites of XO and inhibiting the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway and NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 signaling pathway. This review will assist people with hyperuricemia to adopt a healthy diet and contribute to the application of natural products with anti-hyperuricemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caixin Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Hassan W, Shrestha P, Sumida K, Thomas F, Sweeney PL, Potukuchi PK, Rhee CM, Streja E, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP. Association of Uric Acid-Lowering Therapy With Incident Chronic Kidney Disease. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2215878. [PMID: 35657621 PMCID: PMC9166229 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.15878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Uric acid is a waste metabolite produced from the breakdown of purines, and elevated serum uric acid levels are associated with higher risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mortality and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Treatment of hyperuricemia in patients with preexisting CKD has not been shown to improve kidney outcomes, but the associations of uric acid-lowering therapies with the development of new-onset kidney disease in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) within reference range and no albuminuria is unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of initiating uric acid-lowering therapy with the incidence of CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study included patients with eGFR of 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or greater and no albuminuria treated at US Department of Veterans Affairs health care facilities from 2004 to 2019. Clinical trial emulation methods, including propensity score weighting, were used to minimize confounding. Data were analyzed from 2020 to 2022. EXPOSURE Newly started uric acid-lowering therapy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcomes were incidences of eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, new-onset albuminuria, and end-stage kidney disease. RESULTS A total of 269 651 patients were assessed (mean [SD] age, 57.4 [12.5] years; 252 171 [94%] men). Among these, 29 501 patients (10.9%) started uric acid-lowering therapy, and 240 150 patients (89.1%) did not. Baseline characteristics, including serum uric acid level, were similar among treated and untreated patients after propensity score weighting. In the overall cohort, uric acid-lowering therapy was associated with higher risk of both incident eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (weighted subhazard ratio [SHR], 1.15 [95% CI, 1.10-1.20; P < .001) and incident albuminuria (SHR, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.01-1.09; P < .001) but was not associated with the risk of end-stage kidney disease (SHR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.62-1.50]; P = .87). In subgroup analyses, the association of uric acid-lowering therapy with worse kidney outcomes was limited to patients with baseline serum uric acid levels of 8 mg/dL or less. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that in patients with kidney function within reference range, uric acid-lowering therapy was not associated with beneficial kidney outcomes and may be associated with potential harm in patients with less severely elevated serum uric acid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Hassan
- Department of Medicine, North Mississippi Medical Center, Tupelo
- Division of Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | - Prabin Shrestha
- Division of Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | - Keiichi Sumida
- Division of Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | - Fridtjof Thomas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | - Patrick L. Sweeney
- John W. Demming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Connie M. Rhee
- Harold Simmons Center for Chronic Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California–Irvine, Orange
| | - Elani Streja
- Harold Simmons Center for Chronic Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California–Irvine, Orange
- Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| | - Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
- Harold Simmons Center for Chronic Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California–Irvine, Orange
| | - Csaba P. Kovesdy
- Division of Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
- Nephrology Section, Memphis VA Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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Meng J, Lv Q, Sui A, Xu D, Zou T, Song M, Gong X, Xing S, Wang X. Hyperuricemia induces lipid disturbances by upregulating the CXCL-13 pathway. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 322:G256-G267. [PMID: 34935515 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00285.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism underlying hyperuricemia-induced lipid metabolism disorders is not clear. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the mechanism of lipid disturbances in a hyperuricemia mice model. RNA-Seq showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the fatty acid synthesis signaling pathway were mainly enriched and CXCL-13 was significantly enriched in protein-protein interaction networks. Western blotting, Q-PCR, and immunofluorescence results further showed that hyperuricemia upregulated CXCL-13 and disturbed lipid metabolism in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, CXCL-13 alone also promoted the accumulation of lipid droplets and upregulated the expression of FAS and SREBP1, blocking AMPK signaling and activating the PKC and P38 signaling pathways. Silencing CXCL-13 reversed uric-acid-induced lipid droplet accumulation, which further downregulated FAS and SREBP1 expression, inhibited the p38 and PKC signaling, and activated AMPK signaling. In conclusion, hyperuricemia induces lipid metabolism disorders via the CXCL-13 pathway, making CXCL-13 a key regulatory factor linking hyperuricemia and lipid metabolism disorders. These results may provide novel insights for the treatment of hyperuricemia.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The underlying molecular mechanism of hyperuricemia-induced lipid metabolism disorders is still unclear. The study aimed to investigate the mechanism of lipid disturbance in hyperuricemia mice model. To our knowledge, we proposed for the first time that CXCL-13 may be a key regulator of hyperuricemia and lipid metabolism disorders. These results may provide new insights for the clinical treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Meng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiulan Lv
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Sui
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Daxing Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Song
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelin Gong
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichao Xing
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Qingdao Women and Children's Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Ding N, Long Y, Li C, He L, Su Y. Association of Uric Acid With Blood Pressure in Hypertension Between Treatment Group and Non-treatment Group. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:751089. [PMID: 35087877 PMCID: PMC8787103 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.751089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between uric acid (UA) and blood pressure (BP) in hypertension treatment and non-treatment groups.Methods: A cross-sectional study with 6,985 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was performed. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship of UA and BP in hypertension between the treatment group (n = 5,983) and the non-treatment group (n = 1,002).Results: A significantly negative association was discovered in SBP (β, −0.36 [95% CI, −0.71, −0.01]) and DBP (β, −0.47 [95% CI, −0.69, −0.26]) in the hypertension treatment group. In the hypertension non-treatment group, the associations between UA and BP including SBP, DBP were both an inverted U-shape. The inflection point of SBP and DBP was 7 and 7.5 mg/dl, respectively. For SBP, the association was positively significant (β, 3.11 [95% CI, 1.67, 4.56]) before the inflection point of 7 mg/dl. However, after the inflection point of 7 mg/dl, the association was negative (β, −5.44 [95% CI, −8.6, −2.28]). For DBP, the inflection point was 7.5 mg/dl, and the effect size was positive (β, 1.19 [95% CI, 0.37, 2.01]) before the inflection point. However, after it, the effect size was negative (β, −3.24 [95% CI, −5.72, −0.76]).Conclusion: The association between UA and BP was negative in the hypertension treatment group. In the hypertension non-treatment group, the associations between UA and BP including SBP and DBP were both an inverted U-shape.
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xu C, Yu J. Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Hypertension Development Induced by Fructose Consumption. Food Funct 2022; 13:1702-1717. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03381f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During the past several decades, there has been a dramatic increase in fructose consumption worldwide in parallel with epidemics of metabolic diseases. Accumulating evidence has suggested that excessive fructose consumption...
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Zhang J, Lin X, Xu J, Tang F, Tan L. CTRP3 protects against uric acid-induced endothelial injury by inhibiting inflammation and oxidase stress in rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:174-183. [PMID: 34601891 PMCID: PMC8777481 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211047183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia, which contributes to vascular endothelial damage, plays a key role in multiple cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to investigate whether C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein 3 (CTRP3) has a protective effect on endothelial damage induced by uric acid and its underlying mechanisms. Animal models of hyperuricemia were established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats through the consumption of 10% fructose water for 12 weeks. Then, the rats were given a single injection of Ad-CTRP3 or Ad-GFP. The animal experiments were ended two weeks later. In vitro, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were first infected with Ad-CTRP3 or Ad-GFP. Then, the cells were stimulated with 10 mg/dL uric acid for 48 h after pretreatment with or without a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-specific inhibitor. Hyperuricemic rats showed disorganized intimal structures, increased endothelial apoptosis rates, increased inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, which were accompanied by reduced CTRP3 and elevated TLR4 protein levels in the thoracic aorta. In contrast, CTRP3 overexpression decreased TLR4 protein levels and ameliorated inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, thereby improving the morphology and apoptosis of the aortic endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia. Similarly, CTRP3 overexpression decreased TLR4-mediated inflammation, reduced oxidative stress, and rescued endothelial damage induced by uric acid in HUVECs. In conclusion, CTRP3 ameliorates uric acid-induced inflammation and oxidative stress, which in turn protects against endothelial injury, possibly by inhibiting TLR4-mediated inflammation and downregulating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Theater Command General
Hospital of the Chinese PLA, Wuhan 430070, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical
University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xue Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Theater Command General
Hospital of the Chinese PLA, Wuhan 430070, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical
University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jinxiu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Theater Command General
Hospital of the Chinese PLA, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Theater Command General
Hospital of the Chinese PLA, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Lupin Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Theater Command General
Hospital of the Chinese PLA, Wuhan 430070, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical
University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Kovačević S, Brkljačić J, Vojnović Milutinović D, Gligorovska L, Bursać B, Elaković I, Djordjevic A. Fructose Induces Visceral Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Insulin Resistance Even Without Development of Obesity in Adult Female but Not in Male Rats. Front Nutr 2021; 8:749328. [PMID: 34869524 PMCID: PMC8632624 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.749328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity and related metabolic disturbances are frequently related to modern lifestyle and are characterized by excessive fructose intake. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation has a central role in the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and metabolic syndrome. Since sex-related differences in susceptibility and progression of metabolic disorders are not yet fully understood, our aim was to examine inflammation and insulin signaling in VAT of fructose-fed female and male adult rats. Methods: We analyzed effects of 9-week 10% fructose-enriched diet on energy intake, VAT mass and histology, and systemic insulin sensitivity. VAT insulin signaling and markers of VAT inflammation, and antioxidative defense status were also evaluated. Results: The fructose diet had no effect on VAT mass and systemic insulin signaling in the female and male rats, while it raised plasma uric acid, increased PPARγ level in the VAT, and initiated the development of a distinctive population of small adipocytes in the females. Also, adipose tissue insulin resistance, evidenced by increased PTP1B and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) inhibitory phosphorylation and decreased Akt activity, was detected. In addition, fructose stimulated the nuclear accumulation of NFκB, increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα), and protein level of macrophage marker F4/80, superoxide dismutase 1, and glutathione reductase. In contrast to the females, the fructose diet had no effect on plasma uric acid and VAT inflammation in the male rats, but less prominent alterations in VAT insulin signaling were observed. Conclusion: Even though dietary fructose did not elicit changes in energy intake and led to obesity in the females, it initiated the proliferation of small-sized adipocytes capable of storing fats further. In contrast to the males, this state of VAT was accompanied with enhanced inflammation, which most likely contributed to the development of insulin resistance. The observed distinction could possibly originate from sex-related differences in uric acid metabolism. Our results suggest that VAT inflammation could precede obesity and start even before the measurable increase in VAT mass, making it a silent risk factor for the development of T2D. Our results emphasize that adipose tissue dysfunction, rather than its simple enlargement, could significantly contribute to the onset and development of obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Kovačević
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Brkljačić
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Vojnović Milutinović
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljupka Gligorovska
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Bursać
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Elaković
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Djordjevic
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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11
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Nie Q, Liu M, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Wang C, Song G. The effects of hyperuricemia on endothelial cells are mediated via GLUT9 and the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:8023-8032. [PMID: 34716863 PMCID: PMC8604859 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06840-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uric acid (UA) transporters mediate the uptake and outflow of UA, and are greatly involved in the control of UA concentrations. Glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), one of the UA transporters, has been confirmed to be expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). This study aimed to characterize GLUT9's effect on intracellular UA accumulation in HUVECs in a high-UA environment and to explore the mechanism of cellular dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS HUVECs were treated with UA to establish a model of cellular dysfunction. Then, UA uptake, GLUT9 expression and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) amounts were measured. UA uptake was concentration- and time-dependent, and UA treatment significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) levels and eNOS activity. UA also upregulated pro-inflammatory molecules and GLUT9, and increased intracellular ROS amounts in HUVECs. GLUT9 knockdown reduced UA uptake and ROS content, but antioxidant treatment did not reduce GLUT9 expression. To assess the function of JAK2/STAT3 signaling, HUVECs were treated with UA, and the phosphorylation levels of JAK2, STAT3, IL-6 and SOCS3 were increased by a high concentration of UA. In addition, GLUT9 knockdown reduced the phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 intermediates and increased p-eNOS amounts. CONCLUSIONS GLUT9 mediated the effects of high UA levels on HUVECs by increasing the cellular uptake of UA, activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling, and reduced the production of active eNOS and NO in HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Nie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.,Physical Examination Center of Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhimei Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China. .,Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, China.
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12
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Demiray A, Afsar B, Covic A, Kuwabara M, Ferro CJ, Lanaspa MA, Johnson RJ, Kanbay M. The Role of Uric Acid in the Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Narrative Review. Angiology 2021; 73:9-17. [PMID: 33902350 DOI: 10.1177/00033197211012546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Increased serum uric acid (SUA) levels have been associated with various pathologic processes such as increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Thus, it is not surprising that increased SUA is associated with various adverse outcomes including cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that increased SUA may be related to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Accumulating data also showed that elevated UA has pathophysiological role in the development of AMI. However, there are also studies showing that SUA is not related to the risk of AMI. In this narrative review, we summarized the recent literature data regarding SUA and AMI after providing some background information for the association between UA and coronary artery disease. Future studies will show whether decreasing SUA levels is beneficial for outcomes related to AMI and the optimum SUA levels for best outcomes in CV diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atalay Demiray
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baris Afsar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Adrian Covic
- Department of Nephrology, Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania
| | - Masanari Kuwabara
- Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Charles J Ferro
- Department of Renal Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, the United Kingdom
| | - Miguel A Lanaspa
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mehmet Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Uric Acid and Hypertension: Prognostic Role and Guide for Treatment. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10030448. [PMID: 33498870 PMCID: PMC7865830 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and hypertension has been a subject of increasing interest since the 1870 discovery by Frederick Akbar Mahomed. Several epidemiological studies have shown a strong association between high SUA levels and the presence or the development of hypertension. Genetic analyses have found that xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) genetic polymorphisms are associated with hypertension. However, genetic studies on urate transporters and Mendelian randomization studies failed to demonstrate a causal relationship between SUA and hypertension. Results from clinical trials on the role of urate-lowering therapy in the management of patients with hypertension are not uniform. Our study sought to analyze the prognostic and therapeutic role of SUA in the hypertensive disease, from uric acid (UA) biology to clinical trials on urate-lowering therapies.
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14
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Sayehmiri K, Ahmadi I, Anvari E. Fructose Feeding and Hyperuricemia: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Nutr Res 2020; 9:122-133. [PMID: 32395442 PMCID: PMC7192665 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2020.9.2.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High fructose feeding has been suggested to involve in several features of metabolic syndrome including hyperuricemia (HP). We designed and implemented a study to determine the effect size of fructose intake and the relative risk of HP based on the type of fructose feeding (diet or solution), duration of treatment (2–6, 7–10, and > 10 weeks), and animal race. The required information was accepted from international databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus, and etc., from 2009 until 2019 on the basis of predetermined eligibility criteria. The data selection and extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two researchers. Results were pooled as random effects weighting and reported as standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Thirty-five studies including 244 rats with fructose consumption were included in the final analysis. The heterogeneity rate of parameters was high (I2 = 81.3%, p < 0.001) and estimated based on; 1) type of fructose feeding (diet; I2 = 79.3%, solution 10%; I2 = 83.4%, solution 20%; I2 = 81.3%), 2) duration of treatment (2–6 weeks; I2 = 86.8%, 7–10 weeks; I2 = 76.3%, and > 10 weeks; I2 = 82.8%), 3) the animal race (Wistar; I2 = 78.6%, Sprague-Dawley; I2 = 83.9%). Overall, the pooled estimate for the all parameters was significant (p < 0.001). The results of this study indicated that a significant relationship between HP and fructose intake regardless of the treatment duration, animal race, fructose concentration and route of consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Sayehmiri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam 6931851147, Iran
| | - Iraj Ahmadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam 6931851147, Iran
| | - Enayat Anvari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam 6931851147, Iran
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15
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Uric Acid Has Direct Proinflammatory Effects on Human Macrophages by Increasing Proinflammatory Mediators and Bacterial Phagocytosis Probably via URAT1. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040576. [PMID: 32283759 PMCID: PMC7225983 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship of uric acid with macrophages has not been fully elucidated. We investigated the effect of uric acid on the proinflammatory ability of human macrophages and then examined the possible molecular mechanism involved. Primary human monocytes were differentiated into macrophages for subsequent exposure to 0, 0.23, 0.45, or 0.9 mmol/L uric acid for 12 h, in the presence or absence of 1 mmol/L probenecid. Flow cytometry was used to measure proinflammatory marker production and phagocytic activity that was quantified as a percentage of GFP-labeled Escherichia coli positive macrophages. qPCR was used to measure the macrophage expression of the urate anion transporter 1 (URAT1). As compared to control cells, the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and cluster of differentiation (CD) 11c was significantly increased by uric acid. In contrast, macrophages expressing CD206, CX3C-motif chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), and C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) were significantly reduced. Uric acid progressively increased macrophage phagocytic activity and downregulated URAT1 expression. Probenecid-a non-specific blocker of URAT1-dependent uric acid transport-inhibited both proinflammatory cytokine production and phagocytic activity in macrophages that were exposed to uric acid. These results suggest that uric acid has direct proinflammatory effects on macrophages possibly via URAT1.
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Feng TT, Yang XY, Hao SS, Sun FF, Huang Y, Lin QS, Pan W. TLR-2-mediated metabolic reprogramming participates in polyene phosphatidylcholine-mediated inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization. Immunol Res 2020; 68:28-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-020-09125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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