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Liu X, Ye Y, Yang N, Cheng C, Rensing C, Jin C, Nealson KH, Zhou S. Nonelectroactive clostridium obtains extracellular electron transfer-capability after forming chimera with Geobacter. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycae058. [PMID: 38770058 PMCID: PMC11104457 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular electron transfer (EET) of microorganisms is a major driver of the microbial growth and metabolism, including reactions involved in the cycling of C, N, and Fe in anaerobic environments such as soils and sediments. Understanding the mechanisms of EET, as well as knowing which organisms are EET-capable (or can become so) is fundamental to electromicrobiology and geomicrobiology. In general, Gram-positive bacteria very seldomly perform EET due to their thick non-conductive cell wall. Here, we report that a Gram-positive Clostridium intestinale (C.i) attained EET-capability for ethanol metabolism only after forming chimera with electroactive Geobacter sulfurreducens (G.s). Mechanism analyses demonstrated that the EET was possible after the cell fusion of the two species was achieved. Under these conditions, the ethanol metabolism pathway of C.i was integrated by the EET pathway of G.s, by which achieved the oxidation of ethanol for the subsequent reduction of extracellular electron acceptors in the coculture. Our study displays a new approach to perform EET for Gram-positive bacteria via recruiting the EET pathway of an electroactive bacterium, which suggests a previously unanticipated prevalence of EET in the microbial world. These findings also provide new perspectives to understand the energetic coupling between bacterial species and the ecology of interspecies mutualisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yin Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Naiming Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Chao Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Kenneth H Nealson
- Department of Earth Science & Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 91030, United States
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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2
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Stevens ET, Van Beeck W, Blackburn B, Tejedor-Sanz S, Rasmussen ARM, Carter ME, Mevers E, Ajo-Franklin CM, Marco ML. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum uses ecologically relevant, exogenous quinones for extracellular electron transfer. mBio 2023; 14:e0223423. [PMID: 37982640 PMCID: PMC10746273 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02234-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE While quinones are essential for respiratory microorganisms, their importance for microbes that rely on fermentation metabolism is not understood. This gap in knowledge hinders our understanding of anaerobic microbial habitats, such in mammalian digestive tracts and fermented foods. We show that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, a model fermentative lactic acid bacteria species abundant in human, animal, and insect microbiomes and fermented foods, uses multiple exogenous, environmental quinones as electron shuttles for a hybrid metabolism involving EET. Interestingly, quinones both stimulate this metabolism as well as cause oxidative stress when extracellular electron acceptors are absent. We also found that quinone-producing, lactic acid bacteria species commonly enriched together with L. plantarum in food fermentations accelerate L. plantarum growth and medium acidification through a mainly quinone- and EET-dependent mechanism. Thus, our work provides evidence of quinone cross-feeding as a key ecological feature of anaerobic microbial habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Stevens
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Wannes Van Beeck
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Benjamin Blackburn
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Sara Tejedor-Sanz
- Biological Nanostructures Facility, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Alycia R. M. Rasmussen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mackenzie E. Carter
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Emily Mevers
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Caroline M. Ajo-Franklin
- Biological Nanostructures Facility, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, USA
| | - Maria L. Marco
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
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3
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Tejedor-Sanz S, Li S, Kundu BB, Ajo-Franklin CM. Extracellular electron uptake from a cathode by the lactic acid bacterium Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1298023. [PMID: 38075918 PMCID: PMC10701730 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1298023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A subset of microorganisms that perform respiration can endogenously utilize insoluble electron donors, such as Fe(II) or a cathode, in a process called extracellular electron transfer (EET). However, it is unknown whether similar endogenous EET can be performed by primarily fermentative species like lactic acid bacteria. We report for the first time electron uptake from a cathode by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, a primarily fermentative bacteria found in the gut of mammals and in fermented foods. L. plantarum consumed electrons from a cathode and coupled this oxidation to the reduction of both an endogenous organic (pyruvate) and an exogenous inorganic electron acceptor (nitrate). This electron uptake from a cathode reroutes glucose fermentation toward lactate degradation and provides cells with a higher viability upon sugar exhaustion. Moreover, the associated genes and cofactors indicate that this activity is mechanistically different from that one employed by lactic acid bacteria to reduce an anode and to perform respiration. Our results expand our knowledge of the diversity of electroactive species and of the metabolic and bioenergetic strategies used by lactic acid bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tejedor-Sanz
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
- Biological Nanostructures Facility, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Siliang Li
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Biki Bapi Kundu
- PhD Program in Systems, Synthetic, and Physical Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Caroline M. Ajo-Franklin
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
- Biological Nanostructures Facility, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
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4
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Electrochemical performance of Paenibacillus profundus YoMME encapsulated in alginate polymer. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 150:108354. [PMID: 36563455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus profundus YoMME, entrapped in an alginate polymer onto graphite paper, preserves its extracellular electron transfer capabilities. A current density of up to 30 mA m-2 was generated at an applied potential of -200 mV (vs. SHE). Fivefold higher initial current density values were recorded at applied potentials of +220 mV and +600 mV. The electrochemical behavior of the encapsulated bioelectrodes has been also explored by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and evaluated by the parameters of the best-fitted equivalent electric circuit model. Over time the bacteria grow and divide within the alginate matrix, which affects considerably the capacitance and the charge transfer resistance of the coating. The impedance spectra follow the dynamics of the bacterial culture development within the alginate polymer and are useful for the prediction of the bioelectrode performance. A current density of 150 mA m-2 was achieved when the alginate was functionalized by a mixture of the redox dyes thiazolyl blue (MTT) formazan and phenazine methosulfate (PMS). It is supposed that the added artificial mediators facilitate the electron transfer from the bacteria to the electrode surface by forming conductive cascade conduits through the alginate matrix.
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5
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Gu L, Xiao X, Zhao G, Kempen P, Zhao S, Liu J, Lee SY, Solem C. Rewiring the respiratory pathway of Lactococcus lactis to enhance extracellular electron transfer. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:1277-1292. [PMID: 36860178 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactococcus lactis, a lactic acid bacterium with a typical fermentative metabolism, can also use oxygen as an extracellular electron acceptor. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, that L. lactis blocked in NAD+ regeneration can use the alternative electron acceptor ferricyanide to support growth. By electrochemical analysis and characterization of strains carrying mutations in the respiratory chain, we pinpoint the essential role of the NADH dehydrogenase and 2-amino-3-carboxy-1,4-naphtoquinone in extracellular electron transfer (EET) and uncover the underlying pathway systematically. Ferricyanide respiration has unexpected effects on L. lactis, e.g., we find that morphology is altered from the normal coccoid to a more rod shaped appearance, and that acid resistance is increased. Using adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE), we successfully enhance the capacity for EET. Whole-genome sequencing reveals the underlying reason for the observed enhanced EET capacity to be a late-stage blocking of menaquinone biosynthesis. The perspectives of the study are numerous, especially within food fermentation and microbiome engineering, where EET can help relieve oxidative stress, promote growth of oxygen sensitive microorganisms and play critical roles in shaping microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyan Gu
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Xinxin Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ge Zhao
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paul Kempen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Shuangqing Zhao
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jianming Liu
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Christian Solem
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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6
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Zhang T, Zhang H. Electrochemical analysis for the rapid screening of copper-tolerant bacteria. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 148:108276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Wu X, Zhang L, Lv Z, Xin F, Dong W, Liu G, Li Y, Jia H. N-acyl-homoserine lactones in extracellular polymeric substances from sludge for enhanced chloramphenicol-degrading anode biofilm formation in microbial fuel cells. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112649. [PMID: 34979128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exploring an efficient acclimation strategy to obtain robust bioanodes is of practical significance for antibiotic wastewater treatment by bioelectrochemical systems (BESs). This study investigated the effects of two acclimation conditions on chloramphenicol (CAP)-degrading anode biofilm formation in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The one was continuously added the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from anaerobic sludge and increasing concentrations of CAP after the first start-up phase, while the other was added the EPS-1 (N-acyl-homoserine lactones, namely AHLs were extracted from the EPS) at the same conditions. The results demonstrated that AHLs in the sludge EPS played a crucial role for enhanced CAP-degrading anode biofilm formation in MFCs. The AHL-regulation could not only maintain stable voltage outputs but also significantly accelerate CAP removal in the EPS MFC. The maximum voltage of 653.83 mV and CAP removal rate of 1.21 ± 0.05 mg/L·h were attained from the EPS MFC at 30 mg/L of CAP, which were 0.84 and 1.57 times higher than those from the EPS-1 MFC, respectively. These improvements were largely caused by the thick and 3D structured biofilm, strong and homogeneous cell viability throughout the biofilm, and high protein/polysaccharide ratio along with more conductive contents in the biofilm EPS. Additionally, AHLs facilitated the formation of a biofilm with rich biodiversity and balanced bacterial proportions, leading to more beneficial mutualism among different functional bacteria. More bi-functional bacteria (for electricity generation and antibiotic resistance/degradation) were specifically enriched by AHLs as well. These findings provide quorum sensing theoretical knowledge and practical instruction for rapid antibiotic-degrading electrode biofilm acclimation in BESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayuan Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zuopeng Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Guannan Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China; Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 301700, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Honghua Jia
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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8
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Liu Y, Charamis N, Boeren S, Blok J, Lewis AG, Smid EJ, Abee T. Physiological Roles of Short-Chain and Long-Chain Menaquinones (Vitamin K2) in Lactococcus cremoris. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:823623. [PMID: 35369466 PMCID: PMC8965153 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.823623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactococcus cremoris and L. lactis are well known for their occurrence and applications in dairy fermentations, but their niche extends to a range of natural and food production environments. L. cremoris and L. lactis produce MKs (vitamin K2), mainly as the long-chain forms represented by MK-9 and MK-8, and a detectable number of short-chain forms represented by MK-3. The physiological significance of the different MK forms in the lifestyle of these bacterial species has not been investigated extensively. In this study, we used L. cremoris MG1363 to construct mutants producing different MK profiles by deletion of genes encoding (i) a menaquinone-specific isochorismate synthase, (ii) a geranyltranstransferase, and (iii) a prenyl diphosphate synthase. These gene deletions resulted in (i) a non-MK producer (ΔmenF), (ii) a presumed MK-1 producer (ΔispA), and (iii) an MK-3 producer (Δllmg_0196), respectively. By examining the phenotypes of the MG1363 wildtype strain and respective mutants, including biomass accumulation, stationary phase survival, oxygen consumption, primary metabolites, azo dye/copper reduction, and proteomes, under aerobic, anaerobic, and respiration-permissive conditions, we could infer that short-chain MKs like MK-1 and MK-3 are preferred to mediate extracellular electron transfer and reaction with extracellular oxygen, while the long-chain MKs like MK-9 and MK-8 are more efficient in aerobic respiratory electron transport chain. The different electron transfer routes mediated by short-chain and long-chain MKs likely support growth and survival of L. cremoris in a range of (transiently) anaerobic and aerobic niches including food fermentations, highlighting the physiological significance of diverse MKs in L. cremoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos Charamis
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Joost Blok
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Eddy J Smid
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Tjakko Abee
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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9
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Quinones: More Than Electron Shuttles. Res Microbiol 2022; 173:103953. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2022.103953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Electron transfer in Gram-positive bacteria: enhancement strategies for bioelectrochemical applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:83. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Bahamonde Soria R, Chinchin BD, Arboleda D, Zhao Y, Bonilla P, Van der Bruggen B, Luis P. Effect of the bio-inspired modification of low-cost membranes with TiO 2:ZnO as microbial fuel cell membranes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132840. [PMID: 34780732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a novel technique for converting biodegradable materials into electricity. In this study, the efficiency of mixed crystal (TiO2:ZnO) as a membrane modifier of a low-cost, antifouling and self-cleaning cation exchange membrane for MFCs was studied. The modification was prepared using polydopamine (PDA) as the bio-inspired glue, followed by gravity deposition of a mixture of catalyst nanoparticles (TiO2:ZnO 0.03%, 1:1 ratio) as anti-biofouling agents. The effects of the membrane modification were evaluated in terms of power density, open circuit potential, coulombic efficiency, anti-biofouling properties and also color and COD removal efficiency. The results showed that the use of the PDA-modified membrane and a mixture of catalysts facilitated the transfer of cations released during the oxidation process in the anodic compartment of the MFC, which increased the power generation in the MFC by 2.5 times and 5.7 times the current compared to pristine and PDA pristine membranes, decreased the MFC operating cycle time from 5 to 3 days, doubled the lifetime of the membranes and demonstrated higher COD removal efficiency and color removal. Finally, SEM and AFM analysis showed that the modification significantly minimized surface fouling. The modified membranes in this study proved to be a potential alternative to the expensive membranes currently used in MFCs, furthermore, this modification could be an interesting alternative modification for other potential membranes for use in MFCs, due to the fact that the catalyst activation was only performed with visible light (artificial and solar), which could decrease operating costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Bahamonde Soria
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Faculty, Universidad Central Del Ecuador, Ecuador; Materials & Process Engineering (IMAP), UCLouvain, Place Sainte Barbe 2, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Billy Daniel Chinchin
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Faculty, Universidad Central Del Ecuador, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Arboleda
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Faculty, Universidad Central Del Ecuador, Ecuador
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pablo Bonilla
- Nanotechnology Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Faculty, Universidad Central Del, Ecuador
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patricia Luis
- Materials & Process Engineering (IMAP), UCLouvain, Place Sainte Barbe 2, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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12
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Zhao S, Yun H, Khan A, Salama ES, Redina MM, Liu P, Li X. Two-stage microbial fuel cell (MFC) and membrane bioreactor (MBR) system for enhancing wastewater treatment and resource recovery based on MFC as a biosensor. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112089. [PMID: 34571032 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lack of process control between the two stages of a combined microbial fuel cell-membrane bioreactor (MFC-MBR) system limits its application in wastewater treatment due to membrane fouling and high energy consumption. In this study, a two-stage MFC-MBR integrated system was established to investigate the impact of incorporating process control on petroleum refinery wastewater treatment. The results showed that chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal exhibits a linear relationship with the MFC voltage output (R2 = 0.9821); therefore, the MFC was used as a biosensor to control the combined system. The removal efficiencies of COD, ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), and total nitrogen (TN) were 96.3%, 92.4%, and 86.6%, respectively, in the MFC-MBR biosensor, whereas those in the control system were 74.7%, 71.2%, and 64.7% respectively. Furthermore,using the biosensor control system yielded a 50% reduction in the transmembrane pressure (1.01 kPa day-1) and decreased membrane fouling in wastewater treatment. The maximum energy recovery of the biosensor system (0.00258 kWh m-3) was five times higher than that of the control system, as determined by calculating the mass balance of the system. Thus, this study indicates that using the MFC as a biosensor for process control in an MFC-MBR system can improve overall system performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environment Pollution, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Rd, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Hui Yun
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environment Pollution, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Rd, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Aman Khan
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environment Pollution, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Rd, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - El-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | | | - Pu Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environment Pollution, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Rd, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environment Pollution, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Rd, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China.
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13
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Tejedor-Sanz S, Stevens ET, Li S, Finnegan P, Nelson J, Knoesen A, Light SH, Ajo-Franklin CM, Marco ML. Extracellular electron transfer increases fermentation in lactic acid bacteria via a hybrid metabolism. eLife 2022; 11:e70684. [PMID: 35147079 PMCID: PMC8837199 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy conservation in microorganisms is classically categorized into respiration and fermentation; however, recent work shows some species can use mixed or alternative bioenergetic strategies. We explored the use of extracellular electron transfer for energy conservation in diverse lactic acid bacteria (LAB), microorganisms that mainly rely on fermentative metabolism and are important in food fermentations. The LAB Lactiplantibacillus plantarum uses extracellular electron transfer to increase its NAD+/NADH ratio, generate more ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation, and accumulate biomass more rapidly. This novel, hybrid metabolism is dependent on a type-II NADH dehydrogenase (Ndh2) and conditionally requires a flavin-binding extracellular lipoprotein (PplA) under laboratory conditions. It confers increased fermentation product yield, metabolic flux, and environmental acidification in laboratory media and during kale juice fermentation. The discovery of a single pathway that simultaneously blends features of fermentation and respiration in a primarily fermentative microorganism expands our knowledge of energy conservation and provides immediate biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tejedor-Sanz
- Department of BioSciences, Rice UniversityHoustonUnited States
- Biological Nanostructures Facility, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Eric T Stevens
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California‐DavisDavisUnited States
| | - Siliang Li
- Department of BioSciences, Rice UniversityHoustonUnited States
| | - Peter Finnegan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California‐DavisDavisUnited States
| | - James Nelson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California‐DavisDavisUnited States
| | - Andre Knoesen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California‐DavisDavisUnited States
| | - Samuel H Light
- Department of Microbiology, University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Caroline M Ajo-Franklin
- Department of BioSciences, Rice UniversityHoustonUnited States
- Biological Nanostructures Facility, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Maria L Marco
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California‐DavisDavisUnited States
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14
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Tibbits G, Mohamed A, Call DR, Beyenal H. Rapid differentiation of antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant bacteria through mediated extracellular electron transfer. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113754. [PMID: 34773749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Conventional methods for testing antibiotic susceptibility rely on bacterial growth on agar plates (diffusion assays) or in liquid culture (microdilution assays). These time-consuming assays use population growth as a proxy for cellular respiration. Herein we propose to use mediated extracellular electron transfer as a rapid and direct method to classify antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant bacteria. We tested antibiotics with diverse mechanisms of action (ciprofloxacin, imipenem, oxacillin, or tobramycin) with four important nosocomial pathogens (Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae) by adding the bacterial culture to a custom-designed electrochemical cell with a glassy-carbon electrode and growth media supplemented with a soluble electron transfer mediator, phenazine methosulfate (PMS). During cell respiration, liberated electrons reduce PMS, which is then oxidized on the electrode surface, and current is recorded. Using this novel approach, we were able to consistently classify strains as antibiotic-resistant or -susceptible in <90 min for methodology development and <150 min for blinded tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Tibbits
- The Gene and Linda Voil and School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voil and School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Douglas R Call
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voil and School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
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15
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Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are an industrial important group of organisms that are notable for their inability to respire without growth supplements. Recently described bioelectroanalytical detectors that can specifically detect and enumerate microorganisms depend on a phenomenon known as extracellular electron transport (EET) for effective detection. EET is often described as a type of microbial respiration, which logically excludes LAB from such a detection platform. However, members of the LAB have recently been described as electroactive with the ability to carry out EET, providing a timely impetus to revisit the utility of bioelectroanalytical detectors in LAB detection. Here, we show that an LAB, Enterococcus faecalis, is easily detected bioelectroanalytically using the defined substrate resorufin-β-d-galactopyranoside. Detection is rapid, ranging from 34 to 235 min for inoculum sizes between 107 and 104 CFU mL−1, respectively. We show that, although the signal achieved by Enterococcus faecalis is comparable to systems that rely on the respiratory EET strategies of target bacteria, E. faecalis is not dependent on the electrode for energy, and it is only necessary to capture small amounts of an organism’s metabolic energy to, in this case 1.6%, to achieve good detection. The results pave the way for new means of detecting an industrially important group of organisms, particularly in the food industry.
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16
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Thermodynamic controls on rates of iron oxide reduction by extracellular electron shuttles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2115629119. [PMID: 35017303 PMCID: PMC8784112 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115629119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic microbial respiration in suboxic and anoxic environments often involves particulate ferric iron (oxyhydr-)oxides as terminal electron acceptors. To ensure efficient respiration, a widespread strategy among iron-reducing microorganisms is the use of extracellular electron shuttles (EES) that transfer two electrons from the microbial cell to the iron oxide surface. Yet, a fundamental understanding of how EES-oxide redox thermodynamics affect rates of iron oxide reduction remains elusive. Attempts to rationalize these rates for different EES, solution pH, and iron oxides on the basis of the underlying reaction free energy of the two-electron transfer were unsuccessful. Here, we demonstrate that broadly varying reduction rates determined in this work for different iron oxides and EES at varying solution chemistry as well as previously published data can be reconciled when these rates are instead related to the free energy of the less exergonic (or even endergonic) first of the two electron transfers from the fully, two-electron reduced EES to ferric iron oxide. We show how free energy relationships aid in identifying controls on microbial iron oxide reduction by EES, thereby advancing a more fundamental understanding of anaerobic respiration using iron oxides.
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17
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Prathiba S, Kumar PS, Vo DVN. Recent advancements in microbial fuel cells: A review on its electron transfer mechanisms, microbial community, types of substrates and design for bio-electrochemical treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131856. [PMID: 34399268 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development in urbanization, growth in industrialization and deficiency in crude oil wealth has made to focus more for the renewable and also sustainable spotless energy resources. In the past two decades, the concepts of microbial fuel cell have caught more considerations among the scientific societies for the probability of converting, organic waste materials into bio-energy using microorganisms catalyzed anode, and enzymatic/microbial/abiotic/biotic cathode electro-chemical reactions. The added benefit with MFCs technology for waste water treatment is numerous bio-centered processes are available such as sulfate removal, denitrification, nitrification, removal of chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand and heavy metals removal can be performed in the same MFC designed systems. The various factors intricate in MFC concepts in the direction of bioenergy production consists of maximum coulombic efficiency, power density and also the rate of removal of chemical oxygen demand which calculates the efficacy of the MFC unit. Even though the efficacy of MFCs in bioenergy production was initially quietly low, therefore to overcome these issues few modifications are incorporated in design and components of the MFC units, thereby functioning of the MFC unit have improvised the rate of bioenergy production to a substantial level by this means empowering application of MFC technology in numerous sectors including carbon capture, bio-hydrogen production, bioremediation, biosensors, desalination, and wastewater treatment. The present article reviews about the microbial community, types of substrates and information about the several designs of MFCs in an endeavor to get the better of practical difficulties of the MFC technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Prathiba
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India.
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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18
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Dong F, Simoska O, Gaffney E, Minteer SD. Applying synthetic biology strategies to bioelectrochemical systems. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Dong
- Department of Chemistry University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Olja Simoska
- Department of Chemistry University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Erin Gaffney
- Department of Chemistry University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA
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19
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McCuskey SR, Chatsirisupachai J, Zeglio E, Parlak O, Panoy P, Herland A, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ. Current Progress of Interfacing Organic Semiconducting Materials with Bacteria. Chem Rev 2021; 122:4791-4825. [PMID: 34714064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Microbial bioelectronics require interfacing microorganisms with electrodes. The resulting abiotic/biotic platforms provide the basis of a range of technologies, including energy conversion and diagnostic assays. Organic semiconductors (OSCs) provide a unique strategy to modulate the interfaces between microbial systems and external electrodes, thereby improving the performance of these incipient technologies. In this review, we explore recent progress in the field on how OSCs, and related materials capable of charge transport, are being used within the context of microbial systems, and more specifically bacteria. We begin by examining the electrochemical communication modes in bacteria and the biological basis for charge transport. Different types of synthetic organic materials that have been designed and synthesized for interfacing and interrogating bacteria are discussed next, followed by the most commonly used characterization techniques for evaluating transport in microbial, synthetic, and hybrid systems. A range of applications is subsequently examined, including biological sensors and energy conversion systems. The review concludes by summarizing what has been accomplished so far and suggests future design approaches for OSC bioelectronics materials and technologies that hybridize characteristic properties of microbial and OSC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R McCuskey
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Jirat Chatsirisupachai
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Erica Zeglio
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Onur Parlak
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine(Solna), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.,AIMES Center of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Patchareepond Panoy
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Anna Herland
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.,AIMES Center of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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20
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Aiyer K, Doyle LE. Capturing the signal of weak electricigens: a worthy endeavour. Trends Biotechnol 2021; 40:564-575. [PMID: 34696916 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recently several non-traditional electroactive microorganisms have been discovered. These can be considered weak electricigens; microorganisms that typically rely on soluble electron acceptors and donors in their lifecycle but are also capable of extracellular electron transfer (EET), resulting in either a low, unreliable, or otherwise unexpected current. These unanticipated electroactive microorganisms represent a new chapter in electromicrobiology and have important medical, environmental, and biotechnological relevance. As such, it is essential to continue the momentum of their discovery. However, their study poses unique challenges due to their low current output. Capturing their signal necessitates novel approaches including unconventional electrode choice, the use of sensitive electrochemical techniques, and modifications of conventional experiments that use bioelectrochemical systems (BES).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Aiyer
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, G5WV+9H9, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Lucinda E Doyle
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, G5WV+9H9, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India.
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21
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Avci O, Büyüksünetçi YT, Güley Z, Anik Ü. L. Lactis
Subsp
. Lactis
of Cheese Origin Based Microbial Fuel Cell. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Okan Avci
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University Faculty of Science Chemistry Department 48000- Kotekli, Mugla Turkey
| | - Yudum T. Büyüksünetçi
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University Faculty of Science Chemistry Department 48000- Kotekli, Mugla Turkey
| | - Ziba Güley
- Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Rafet Kayıs Engineering Faculty Department of Food Engineering 07425- Alanya, Antalya Turkey
| | - Ülkü Anik
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University Faculty of Science Chemistry Department 48000- Kotekli, Mugla Turkey
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22
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Li T, Song HL, Xu H, Yang XL, Chen QL. Biological detoxification and decolorization enhancement of azo dye by introducing natural electron mediators in MFCs. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125864. [PMID: 34492812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reactive red 2 (RR2) is a highly recalcitrant and toxic azo dye that can cause the collapse of biological treatment system. Although MFC can decolorize RR2 effectively, its performance is still inevitably affected by toxicity. Anthraquinone can enhance MFCs' performance through mediating electron transfer. In this study, an anthraquinone-rich natural plants (B.rheum (Rheum offcinale Baill)) was extracted and then added to MFCs. The optimal dosage was selected and the enhanced effects were investigated. The results showed that adding 5%(V/V) extract resulted in the optimal performance elevation of MFC. When 5% extract was added together with RR2, 15.63% and 1.33-fold improvement in RR2 decolorization efficiency and rate were achieved compared with the control group. Meanwhile, higher power density (2.75 W/m3), coulombic efficiency (6.45%), and lower internal resistance (233.69 Ω) were also observed when 5% B.rheum extract and RR2 were added. B.rheum extract in MFCs enhanced microbial activity and enriched the dye-degrading microorganisms, such as Enterobacter, Raoultella, Comamonas and Shinella. B.rheum extract acts as "antidote" in alleviating the biotoxicity of RR2 was firstly illustrated in this study. The results provided a new strategy for using plant-source electron mediators to simultaneously improve biological detoxification, bioelectricity generation and dye decolorization in bioelectrochemical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Hai-Liang Song
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Han Xu
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Qiao-Ling Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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23
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Bio-Electrochemical System Depollution Capabilities and Monitoring Applications: Models, Applicability, Advanced Bio-Based Concept for Predicting Pollutant Degradation and Microbial Growth Kinetics via Gene Regulation Modelling. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9061038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFC) are an emerging technology for waste, wastewater and polluted soil treatment. In this manuscript, pollutants that can be treated using MFC systems producing energy are presented. Furthermore, the applicability of MFC in environmental monitoring is described. Common microbial species used, release of genome sequences, and gene regulation mechanisms, are discussed. However, although scaling-up is the key to improving MFC systems, it is still a difficult challenge. Mathematical models for MFCs are used for their design, control and optimization. Such models representing the system are presented here. In such comprehensive models, microbial growth kinetic approaches are essential to designing and predicting a biosystem. The empirical and unstructured Monod and Monod-type models, which are traditionally used, are also described here. Understanding and modelling of the gene regulatory network could be a solution for enhancing knowledge and designing more efficient MFC processes, useful for scaling it up. An advanced bio-based modelling concept connecting gene regulation modelling of specific metabolic pathways to microbial growth kinetic models is presented here; it enables a more accurate prediction and estimation of substrate biodegradation, microbial growth kinetics, and necessary gene and enzyme expression. The gene and enzyme expression prediction can also be used in synthetic and systems biology for process optimization. Moreover, various MFC applications as a bioreactor and bioremediator, and in soil pollutant removal and monitoring, are explored.
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24
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Spiess S, Kucera J, Seelajaroen H, Sasiain A, Thallner S, Kremser K, Novak D, Guebitz GM, Haberbauer M. Impact of Carbon Felt Electrode Pretreatment on Anodic Biofilm Composition in Microbial Electrolysis Cells. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11060170. [PMID: 34073192 PMCID: PMC8229196 DOI: 10.3390/bios11060170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable technologies for energy production and storage are currently in great demand. Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) offer promising solutions for both. Several attempts have been made to improve carbon felt electrode characteristics with various pretreatments in order to enhance performance. This study was motivated by gaps in current knowledge of the impact of pretreatments on the enrichment and microbial composition of bioelectrochemical systems. Therefore, electrodes were treated with poly(neutral red), chitosan, or isopropanol in a first step and then fixed in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). Four MECs consisting of organic substance-degrading bioanodes and methane-producing biocathodes were set up and operated in batch mode by controlling the bioanode at 400 mV vs. Ag/AgCl (3M NaCl). After 1 month of operation, Enterococcus species were dominant microorganisms attached to all bioanodes and independent of electrode pretreatment. However, electrode pretreatments led to a decrease in microbial diversity and the enrichment of specific electroactive genera, according to the type of modification used. The MEC containing isopropanol-treated electrodes achieved the highest performance due to presence of both Enterococcus and Geobacter. The obtained results might help to select suitable electrode pretreatments and support growth conditions for desired electroactive microorganisms, whereby performance of BESs and related applications, such as BES-based biosensors, could be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Spiess
- K1-MET GmbH, Stahlstrasse 14, 4020 Linz, Austria; (A.S.); (S.T.); (M.H.)
- ACIB GmbH (Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology), Krenngasse 37/2, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiri Kucera
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Hathaichanok Seelajaroen
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria;
| | - Amaia Sasiain
- K1-MET GmbH, Stahlstrasse 14, 4020 Linz, Austria; (A.S.); (S.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Sophie Thallner
- K1-MET GmbH, Stahlstrasse 14, 4020 Linz, Austria; (A.S.); (S.T.); (M.H.)
- ACIB GmbH (Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology), Krenngasse 37/2, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Klemens Kremser
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria;
| | - David Novak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Georg M. Guebitz
- ACIB GmbH (Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology), Krenngasse 37/2, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria;
| | - Marianne Haberbauer
- K1-MET GmbH, Stahlstrasse 14, 4020 Linz, Austria; (A.S.); (S.T.); (M.H.)
- ACIB GmbH (Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology), Krenngasse 37/2, 8010 Graz, Austria;
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25
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Zheng T, Xu B, Ji Y, Zhang W, Xin F, Dong W, Wei P, Ma J, Jiang M. Microbial fuel cell-assisted utilization of glycerol for succinate production by mutant of Actinobacillus succinogenes. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:23. [PMID: 33451363 PMCID: PMC7811241 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01882-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global production of glycerol is increasing year by year since the demands of biodiesel is rising. It is benefit for high-yield succinate synthesis due to its high reducing property. A. succinogenes, a succinate-producing candidate, cannot grow on glycerol anaerobically, as it needs a terminal electron acceptor to maintain the balance of intracellular NADH and NAD+. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been widely used to release extra intracellular electrons. However, A. succinogenes is a non-electroactive strain which need the support of electron shuttle in MFC, and pervious research showed that acid-tolerant A. succinogenes has higher content of unsaturated fatty acids, which may be beneficial for the transmembrane transport of lipophilic electron shuttle. RESULTS MFC-assisted succinate production was evaluated using neutral red as an electron shuttle to recover the glycerol utilization. First, an acid-tolerant mutant JF1315 was selected by atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis aiming to improve transmembrane transport of neutral red (NR). Additionally, MFC was established to increase the ratio of oxidized NR to reduced NR. By combining these two strategies, ability of JF1315 for glycerol utilization was significantly enhanced, and 23.92 g/L succinate was accumulated with a yield of 0.88 g/g from around 30 g/L initial glycerol, along with an output voltage above 300 mV. CONCLUSIONS A novel MFC-assisted system was established to improve glycerol utilization by A. succinogenes for succinate and electricity production, making this system as a platform for chemicals production and electrical supply simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Yaliang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Ping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Jiangfeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China.
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
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26
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Paquete CM. Electroactivity across the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:3796-3802. [PMID: 33335679 PMCID: PMC7720022 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing interest on sustainable biotechnological processes for the production of energy and industrial relevant organic compounds have increased the discovery of electroactive organisms (i.e. organisms that are able to exchange electrons with an electrode) and the characterization of their extracellular electron transfer mechanisms. While most of the knowledge on extracellular electron transfer processes came from studies on Gram-negative bacteria, less is known about the processes performed by Gram-positive bacteria. In contrast to Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria lack an outer-membrane and contain a thick cell wall, which were thought to prevent extracellular electron transfer. However, in the last decade, an increased number of Gram-positive bacteria have been found to perform extracellular electron transfer, and exchange electrons with an electrode. In this mini-review the current knowledge on the extracellular electron transfer processes performed by Gram-positive bacteria is introduced, emphasising their electroactive role in bioelectrochemical systems. Also, the existent information of the molecular processes by which these bacteria exchange electrons with an electrode is highlighted. This understanding is fundamental to advance the implementation of these organisms in sustainable biotechnological processes, either through modification of the systems or through genetic engineering, where the organisms can be optimized to become better catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina M. Paquete
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
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27
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Abstract
Membrane-based energy technologies are presently gaining huge interest due to the fundamental engineering and potentially broad range of applications, with economic advantages over some of the competing technologies. Herein, we assess the potential deployability of the existing and emerging membrane-based energy technologies (MEnT) in Ethiopia. First, the status of the current energy technologies is provided along with the active energy and environmental policies to shape the necessary research strategies for technology planning and implementation. Ethiopia is a landlocked country, which limits the effective extraction of energy, for instance, from seawater using alternative, clean technologies such as reverse electrodialysis and pressure retarded osmosis. However, there exists an excess off-grid solar power (up to 5 MW) and wind which can be used to drive water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. Hydrogen is a versatile energy carrier that, for instance, can be used in fuel cells providing zero-emission solutions for transport and mobility. Although Ethiopia is not among the largest CO2 emitters, with more than 90% energy supply obtained from waste and biomass, the economic and industrial growth still calls for alternative CO2 capture and use technologies, which are highlighted in this work. We believe that the present work provides (i) the status and potential for the implementation of MEnT in Ethiopia (ii) and basic guidance for researchers exploring new energy pathways toward sustainable development in developing countries.
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28
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Chen H, Simoska O, Lim K, Grattieri M, Yuan M, Dong F, Lee YS, Beaver K, Weliwatte S, Gaffney EM, Minteer SD. Fundamentals, Applications, and Future Directions of Bioelectrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 120:12903-12993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Olja Simoska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Koun Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matteo Grattieri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Mengwei Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Fangyuan Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Yoo Seok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Kevin Beaver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Samali Weliwatte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Erin M. Gaffney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Guo Y, Wang G, Zhang H, Wen H, Li W. Effects of biofilm transfer and electron mediators transfer on Klebsiella quasipneumoniae sp. 203 electricity generation performance in MFCs. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:162. [PMID: 32973923 PMCID: PMC7507662 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01800-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular electron transfer (EET) is essential in improving the power generation performance of electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Currently, the EET mechanisms of dissimilatory metal-reducing (DMR) model bacteria Shewanella oneidensis and Geobacter sulfurreducens have been thoroughly studied. Klebsiella has also been proved to be an EAB capable of EET, but the EET mechanism has not been perfected. This study investigated the effects of biofilm transfer and electron mediators transfer on Klebsiella quasipneumoniae sp. 203 electricity generation performance in MFCs. RESULTS Herein, we covered the anode of MFC with a layer of microfiltration membrane to block the effect of the biofilm mechanism, and then explore the EET of the electron mediator mechanism of K. quasipneumoniae sp. 203 and electricity generation performance. In the absence of short-range electron transfer, we found that K. quasipneumoniae sp. 203 can still produce a certain power generation performance, and coated-MFC reached 40.26 mW/m2 at a current density of 770.9 mA/m2, whereas the uncoated-MFC reached 90.69 mW/m2 at a current density of 1224.49 mA/m2. The difference in the electricity generation performance between coated-MFC and uncoated-MFC was probably due to the microfiltration membrane covered in anode, which inhibited the growth of EAB on the anode. Therefore, we speculated that K. quasipneumoniae sp. 203 can also perform EET through the biofilm mechanism. The protein content, the integrity of biofilm and the biofilm activity all proved that the difference in the electricity generation performance between coated-MFC and uncoated-MFC was due to the extremely little biomass of the anode biofilm. To further verify the effect of electron mediators on electricity generation performance of MFCs, 10 µM 2,6-DTBBQ, 2,6-DTBHQ and DHNA were added to coated-MFC and uncoated-MFC. Combining the time-voltage curve and CV curve, we found that 2,6-DTBBQ and 2,6-DTBHQ had high electrocatalytic activity toward the redox reaction of K. quasipneumoniae sp. 203-inoculated MFCs. It was also speculated that K. quasipneumoniae sp. 203 produced 2,6-DTBHQ and 2,6-DTBBQ. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, the three modes of EET did not exist separately. K. quasipneumoniae sp.203 will adopt the corresponding electron transfer mode or multiple ways to realize EET according to the living environment to improve electricity generation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu China
| | - Guozhen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu China
| | - Hongyu Wen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu China
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Wu Y, Luo X, Qin B, Li F, Häggblom MM, Liu T. Enhanced Current Production by Exogenous Electron Mediators via Synergy of Promoting Biofilm Formation and the Electron Shuttling Process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:7217-7225. [PMID: 32352288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous electron mediators (EMs) can facilitate extracellular electron transfer (EET) via electron shuttling processes, but it is still unclear whether and how biofilm formation is affected by the presence of EMs. Here, the impacts of EMs on EET and biofilm formation were investigated in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) with Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, and the results showed that the presence of five different EMs led to high density current production. All the EMs substantially promoted biofilm formation with 15-36 times higher total biofilm DNA with EMs than without EMs, and they also increased the production of extracellular polymeric substances, which was favorable for biofilm formation. The current decreased substantially after removing EMs from the medium or by replacing electrodes without biofilm, suggesting that both biofilm and EMs are required for high density current production. EET-related gene expression was upregulated with EMs, resulting in the high flux of cell electron output. A synergistic mechanism was proposed: EMs in suspension were quickly reduced by the cells and reoxidized rapidly by the electrode, resulting in a microenvironment with sufficient oxidized EMs for biofilm formation, and thus, besides the well-known electron shuttling process, the EM-induced high biofilm formation and high Mtr gene expression could jointly contribute to the EET and subsequently produce a high density current. This study provides a new insight into EM-enhanced current production via regulating the biofilm formation and EET-related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundang Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Baoli Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
| | - Max M Häggblom
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Tongxu Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou 510650, China
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31
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Ciemniecki JA, Newman DK. The Potential for Redox-Active Metabolites To Enhance or Unlock Anaerobic Survival Metabolisms in Aerobes. J Bacteriol 2020; 202:e00797-19. [PMID: 32071098 PMCID: PMC7221258 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00797-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Classifying microorganisms as "obligate" aerobes has colloquially implied death without air, leading to the erroneous assumption that, without oxygen, they are unable to survive. However, over the past few decades, more than a few obligate aerobes have been found to possess anaerobic energy conservation strategies that sustain metabolic activity in the absence of growth or at very low growth rates. Similarly, studies emphasizing the aerobic prowess of certain facultative aerobes have sometimes led to underrecognition of their anaerobic capabilities. Yet an inescapable consequence of the affinity both obligate and facultative aerobes have for oxygen is that the metabolism of these organisms may drive this substrate to scarcity, making anoxic survival an essential skill. To illustrate this, we highlight the importance of anaerobic survival strategies for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptomyces coelicolor, representative facultative and obligate aerobes, respectively. Included among these strategies, we describe a role for redox-active secondary metabolites (RAMs), such as phenazines made by P. aeruginosa, in enhancing substrate-level phosphorylation. Importantly, RAMs are made by diverse bacteria, often during stationary phase in the absence of oxygen, and can sustain anoxic survival. We present a hypothesis for how RAMs may enhance or even unlock energy conservation pathways that facilitate the anaerobic survival of both RAM producers and nonproducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Ciemniecki
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Dianne K Newman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
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32
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Zheng T, Li J, Ji Y, Zhang W, Fang Y, Xin F, Dong W, Wei P, Ma J, Jiang M. Progress and Prospects of Bioelectrochemical Systems: Electron Transfer and Its Applications in the Microbial Metabolism. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:10. [PMID: 32083069 PMCID: PMC7004955 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems are revolutionary new bioengineering technologies which integrate microorganisms or enzymes with the electrochemical method to improve the reducing or oxidizing metabolism. Generally, the bioelectrochemical systems show the processes referring to electrical power generation or achieving the reducing reaction with a certain potential poised by means of electron transfer between the electron acceptor and electron donor. Researchers have focused on the selection and optimization of the electrode materials, design of electrochemical device, and screening of electrochemically active or inactive model microorganisms. Notably, all these means and studies are related to electron transfer: efflux and consumption. Thus, here we introduce the basic concepts of bioelectrochemical systems, and elaborate on the extracellular and intracellular electron transfer, and the hypothetical electron transfer mechanism. Also, intracellular energy generation and coenzyme metabolism along with electron transfer are analyzed. Finally, the applications of bioelectrochemical systems and the prospect of microbial electrochemical technologies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiangfeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
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33
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How does electron transfer occur in microbial fuel cells? World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:19. [PMID: 31955250 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-2801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have emerged as a promising technology for sustainable wastewater treatment coupled with electricity generation. A MFC is a device that uses microbes as catalysts to convert chemical energy present in biomass into electrical energy. Among the various mechanisms that drive the operation of a MFC, extracellular electron transfer (EET) to the anode is one of the most important. Exoelectrogenic bacteria can natively transfer electrons to a conducting surface like the anode. The mechanisms employed for electron transfer can either be direct transfer via conductive pili or nanowires, or mediated transfer that involves either naturally secreted redox mediators like flavins and pyocyanins or artificially added mediators like methylene blue and neutral red. EET is a mechanism wherein microorganisms extract energy for growth and maintenance from their surroundings and transfer the resulting electrons to the anode to generate current. The efficiency of these electron transfer mechanisms is dependent not only on the redox potentials of the species involved, but also on microbial oxidative metabolism that liberates electrons. Attempts at understanding the electron transfer mechanisms will boost efforts in giving rise to practical applications. This article covers the various electron transfer mechanisms involved between microbes and electrodes in microbial fuel cells and their applications.
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Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis bacteria use an abiotic reaction to help shuttle electrons outside of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Conley
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and Saint Paul, United States
| | - Jeffrey Gralnick
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and Saint Paul, United States.,Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and Saint Paul, United States
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35
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Wang K, Zhang S. Extracellular electron transfer modes and rate-limiting steps in denitrifying biocathodes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:16378-16387. [PMID: 30982192 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Denitrifying bioelectrochemical system provided an alternative technology for nitrogen removal, even power recovery from wastewater, and its nitrogen removal performance and intermediate accumulation were affected by the extracellular electron transfer modes and rate-limiting steps in denitrifying biocathodes. In the current study, the extracellular electron transfer modes and rate-limiting steps for nitrate reduction and nitrite reduction of denitrifying biocathode were investigated through cyclic voltammetry. When the cathode potential swept from 0.003 to - 0.897 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), denitrifiers were indispensable for electrochemical denitrification. Three peak potentials were found in the cyclic voltammogram of denitrifying biocathode, where E1 (- 0.471 to - 0.465 V) and E2 (- 0.412 to - 0.428 V) represented respectively nitrate reduction and nitrite oxidation while E3 (- 0.822 to - 0.826 V) represented nitrite reduction. Nitrate reduction involved the direct electron transfer mode while nitrite reduction involved the mediated electron transfer mode. Intracellular catalytic reaction was the rate-limiting step for nitrate reduction, independent on the electrochemical activity of denitrifying biocathode and the nitrate supply. The nitrate supply posed an effect on the rate-limiting step for nitrite reduction. The mediator transfer was the rate-limiting step for nitrite reduction in the absence of nitrate. But both mediator transfer and intracellular catalytic reaction became the rate-limiting steps for nitrite reduction in the presence of sufficient nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shaohui Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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36
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Extracellular electron transfer features of Gram-positive bacteria. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1076:32-47. [PMID: 31203962 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electroactive microorganisms possess the unique ability to transfer electrons to or from solid phase electron conductors, e.g., electrodes or minerals, through various physiological mechanisms. The processes are commonly known as extracellular electron transfer and broadly harnessed in microbial electrochemical systems, such as microbial biosensors, microbial electrosynthesis, or microbial fuel cells. Apart from a few model microorganisms, the nature of the microbe-electrode conductive interaction is poorly understood for most of the electroactive species. The interaction determines the efficiency and a potential scaling up of bioelectrochemical systems. Gram-positive bacteria generally have a thick electron non-conductive cell wall and are believed to exhibit weak extracellular electron shuttling activity. This review highlights reported research accomplishments on electroactive Gram-positive bacteria. The use of electron-conducting polymers as mediators is considered as one promising strategy to enhance the electron transfer efficiency up to application scale. In view of the recent progress in understanding the molecular aspects of the extracellular electron transfer mechanisms of Enterococcus faecalis, the electron transfer properties of this bacterium are especially focused on. Fundamental knowledge on the nature of microbial extracellular electron transfer and its possibilities can provide insight in interspecies electron transfer and biogeochemical cycling of elements in nature. Additionally, a comprehensive understanding of cell-electrode interactions may help in overcoming insufficient electron transfer and restricted operational performance of various bioelectrochemical systems and facilitate their practical applications.
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37
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Cao X, Zhang S, Wang H, Li X. Azo dye as part of co-substrate in a biofilm electrode reactor-microbial fuel cell coupled system and an analysis of the relevant microorganisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:742-748. [PMID: 30391896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In general, refractory organics were hardly used as co-substrate in bioelectrochemical system. This study established a coupled bioelectrochemical system composed of a biofilm electrode reactor and a microbial fuel cell for using the azo dye X-3B as part of co-substrate. The two units degraded the azo dye X-3B stepwise while using it as part of co-substrate. Our results indicated that the removal efficiency of X-3B increased 28.5% using the coupled system compared with a control system. Moreover, the addition of the co-substrate glucose, which was necessary for MFC electricity generation, was reduced on the premise of stable removal efficiency in the coupled system to prevent resource waste due to using X-3B as part of co-substrate. The intermediate products of X-3B degradation were further explored using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and a X-3B degradation pathway was proposed at the same time. Microbial communities were analyzed, illustrating that the mechanism of X-3B degradation was dependent on bioelectrochemistry rather than on microbial degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Cao
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xianning Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China.
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38
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Tian T, Fan X, Feng M, Su L, Zhang W, Chi H, Fu D. Flavin-mediated extracellular electron transfer in Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus DIF1 and Rhodococcus ruber DIF2. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40903-40909. [PMID: 35540069 PMCID: PMC9076428 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08045g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A flavin-mediated EET process was reported here in two new isolated electrochemically active Gram-positive bacterial strains DIF1 and DIF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xiaoyang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Man Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy
- Nanjing Institute of Geology & Palaeontology, CAS
- China
| | - Lin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Huimei Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Degang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- China
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39
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Yamazaki SI. Metalloporphyrins and related metallomacrocycles as electrocatalysts for use in polymer electrolyte fuel cells and water electrolyzers. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Koók L, Kanyó N, Dévényi F, Bakonyi P, Rózsenberszki T, Bélafi-Bakó K, Nemestóthy N. Improvement of waste-fed bioelectrochemical system performance by selected electro-active microbes: Process evaluation and a kinetic study. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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41
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Electro-Microbiology as a Promising Approach Towards Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11071822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbial electrochemical technologies provide sustainable wastewater treatment and energy production. Despite significant improvements in the power output of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), this technology is still far from practical applications. Extracting electrical energy and harvesting valuable products by electroactive bacteria (EAB) in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) has emerged as an innovative approach to address energy and environmental challenges. Thus, maximizing power output and resource recovery is highly desirable for sustainable systems. Insights into the electrode-microbe interactions may help to optimize the performance of BESs for envisioned applications, and further validation by bioelectrochemical techniques is a prerequisite to completely understand the electro-microbiology. This review summarizes various extracellular electron transfer mechanisms involved in BESs. The significant role of characterization techniques in the advancement of the electro-microbiology field is discussed. Finally, diverse applications of BESs, such as resource recovery, and contributions to the pursuit of a more sustainable society are also highlighted.
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42
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Pankratova G, Leech D, Gorton L, Hederstedt L. Extracellular Electron Transfer by the Gram-Positive Bacterium Enterococcus faecalis. Biochemistry 2018; 57:4597-4603. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Galina Pankratova
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Dónal Leech
- School of Chemistry and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Lo Gorton
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Hederstedt
- The Microbiology Group, Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden
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43
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Doyle LE, Marsili E. Weak electricigens: A new avenue for bioelectrochemical research. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 258:354-364. [PMID: 29519634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Electroactivity appears to be a phylogenetically diverse trait independent of cell wall classification, with both Gram-negative and Gram-positive electricigens reported. While numerous electricigens have been observed, the majority of research focuses on a select group of highly electroactive species. Under favorable conditions, many microorganisms can be considered electroactive, either through their own mechanisms or exogenously-added mediators, producing a weak current. Such microbes should not be dismissed based on their modest electroactivity. Rather, they may be key to understanding what drives extracellular electron transfer in response to transient limitations of electron acceptor or donor, with implications for the study of pathogens and industrial bioprocesses. Due to their low electroactivity, such populations are difficult to grow in bioelectrochemical systems and characterise with electrochemistry. Here, a critical review of recent research on weak electricigens is provided, with a focus on the methodology and the overall relevance to microbial ecology and bioelectrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda E Doyle
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551, Singapore
| | - Enrico Marsili
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551, Singapore; School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore.
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44
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Evaluation of Kefir as a New Anodic Biocatalyst Consortium for Microbial Fuel Cell. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 185:1118-1131. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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45
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Chen BY, Hsu AW, Wu CC, Hsueh CC. Feasibility study on biostimulation of dye decolorization and bioelectricity generation by using decolorized metabolites of edible flora-extracts. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Feasibility study on biostimulation of electron transfer characteristics by edible herbs-extracts. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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47
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Ying X, Guo K, Chen W, Gu Y, Shen D, Zhou Y, Liang Y, Wang Y, Wang M, Feng H. The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria community. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:7997-8005. [PMID: 28944402 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition. To address this issue, we divided microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) into groups, feeding them with different substrates and culturing them at various potentials. Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that the dominating ARB was Geobacter, which did not change with different potentials. When the MECs were cultured with sucrose and mixed substrates, oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V) occurred at potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V. This may be because of the appearance of Unclassified_AKYG597. In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials. Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta) dominated the biofilms. Consequently, substrate primarily determined the dominating ARB, and Geobacter invariably dominated the acetate-fed biofilms with potentials changed. Conversely, different potentials mainly affected fermentable substrate-fed biofilms, with dominating ARB turning into Unclassified_AKYG59.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Ying
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Kun Guo
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Dongsheng Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yuyang Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yuxiang Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Meizhen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Huajun Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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48
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Abstract
Descriptions of the changeable, striking colors associated with secreted natural products date back well over a century. These molecules can serve as extracellular electron shuttles (EESs) that permit microbes to access substrates at a distance. In this review, we argue that the colorful world of EESs has been too long neglected. Rather than simply serving as a diagnostic attribute of a particular microbial strain, redox-active natural products likely play fundamental, underappreciated roles in the biology of their producers, particularly those that inhabit biofilms. Here, we describe the chemical diversity and potential distribution of EES producers and users, discuss the costs associated with their biosynthesis, and critically evaluate strategies for their economical usage. We hope this review will inspire efforts to identify and explore the importance of EES cycling by a wide range of microorganisms so that their contributions to shaping microbial communities can be better assessed and exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R Glasser
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; , ,
| | - Scott H Saunders
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; , ,
| | - Dianne K Newman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; , , .,Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
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49
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Logroño W, Pérez M, Urquizo G, Kadier A, Echeverría M, Recalde C, Rákhely G. Single chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) with a cathodic microalgal biofilm: A preliminary assessment of the generation of bioelectricity and biodegradation of real dye textile wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 176:378-388. [PMID: 28278426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An air exposed single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) using microalgal biocathodes was designed. The reactors were tested for the simultaneous biodegradation of real dye textile wastewater (RTW) and the generation of bioelectricity. The results of digital image processing revealed a maximum coverage area on the biocathodes by microalgal cells of 42%. The atmospheric and diffused CO2 could enable good algal growth and its immobilized operation on the cathode electrode. The biocathode-SCMFCs outperformed an open circuit voltage (OCV), which was 18%-43% higher than the control. Furthermore, the maximum volumetric power density achieved was 123.2 ± 27.5 mW m-3. The system was suitable for the treatment of RTW and the removal/decrease of COD, colour and heavy metals. High removal efficiencies were observed in the SCMFCs for Zn (98%) and COD (92-98%), but the removal efficiencies were considerably lower for Cr (54-80%). We observed that this single chamber MFC simplifies a double chamber system. The bioelectrochemical performance was relatively low, but the treatment capacity of the system seems encouraging in contrast to previous studies. A proof-of-concept experiment demonstrated that the microalgal biocathode could operate in air exposed conditions, seems to be a promising alternative to a Pt cathode and is an efficient and cost-effective approach to improve the performance of single chamber MFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Washington Logroño
- Centro de Investigación de Energías Alternativas y Ambiente, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Chimborazo, EC060155, Ecuador; Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Mario Pérez
- Centro de Investigación de Energías Alternativas y Ambiente, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Chimborazo, EC060155, Ecuador
| | - Gladys Urquizo
- Centro de Investigación de Energías Alternativas y Ambiente, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Chimborazo, EC060155, Ecuador
| | - Abudukeremu Kadier
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, National University of Malaysia (UKM), 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Magdy Echeverría
- Centro de Investigación de Energías Alternativas y Ambiente, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Chimborazo, EC060155, Ecuador
| | - Celso Recalde
- Centro de Investigación de Energías Alternativas y Ambiente, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Chimborazo, EC060155, Ecuador; Instituto de Ciencia, Innovación, Tecnología y Saberes, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador
| | - Gábor Rákhely
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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50
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Bosire EM, Rosenbaum MA. Electrochemical Potential Influences Phenazine Production, Electron Transfer and Consequently Electric Current Generation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:892. [PMID: 28572797 PMCID: PMC5435749 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa has gained interest as a redox mediator (phenazines) producer in bioelectrochemical systems. Several biotic and abiotic factors influence the production of phenazines in synergy with the central virulence factors production regulation. It is, however, not clear how the electrochemical environment may influence the production and usage of phenazines by P. aeruginosa. We here determined the influence of the electrochemical potential on phenazine production and phenazine electron transfer capacity at selected applied potentials from -0.4 to +0.4 V (vs. Ag/AgClsat) using P. aeruginosa strain PA14. Our study reveals a profound influence of the electrochemical potential on the amount of phenazine-1-carboxylate production, whereby applied potentials that were more positive than the formal potential of this dominating phenazine (E° ′PCA = -0.24 V vs. Ag/AgClsat) stimulated more PCA production (94, 84, 128, and 140 μg mL-1 for -0.1, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 V, respectively) compared to more reduced potentials (38, 75, and 7 μg mL-1 for -0.4, -0.3, and -0.24 V, respectively). Interestingly, P. aeruginosa seems to produce an additional redox mediator (with E° ′ ∼ 0.052 V) at applied potentials below 0 V, which is most likely adsorbed to the electrode or present on the cells forming the biofilm around electrodes. At fairly negative applied electrode potentials, both PCA and the unknown redox compound mediate cathodic current generation. This study provides important insights applicable in optimizing the BES conditions and cultures for effective production and utilization of P. aeruginosa phenazines. It further stimulates investigations into the physiological impacts of the electrochemical environment, which might be decisive in the application of phenazines for electron transfer with P. aeruginosa pure- or microbial mixed cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick M Bosire
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen, Germany
| | - Miriam A Rosenbaum
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen, Germany
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