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Tyszczuk-Rotko K, Staniec K, Sztanke K, Sztanke M. First voltammetric analysis of two possible anticancer drug candidates using an unmodified glassy carbon electrode. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17306. [PMID: 39068200 PMCID: PMC11283526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl 2-[2-(1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazinylidene]butanedioate (DIHB) and 8-(3-chlorophenyl)-2,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3,4-dione (HDIT) are promising candidates for anticancer agents, the first analytical procedures of which are presented in this paper. The commercially available unmodified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was used as a sensor for the individual and simultaneous differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) determination of these possible anticancer drugs. The findings concerning the electrochemical behaviour indicated that DIHB and HDIT display at GCE, as a sensor, the oxidation peaks at 1.18 and 0.98 V, respectively (vs. Ag/AgCl, 3.0 mol L-1 KCl) in the 0.125 mol L-1 acetate buffer of pH = 4.5, which were employed for their quantification. Various experimental parameters were carefully investigated, to achieve high sensitivity in voltammetric measurements. Finally, under the optimised conditions (t of 60 s, ΔEA of 75 mV, ν of 225 mV s-1, and tm of 2 ms), the proposed DPV procedure with the GCE demonstrated broad linear sensing ranges (1-200 nmol L-1-DIHB and 5-200 nmol L-1-HDIT), boasting the detection limits of 0.18 nmol L-1 for DIHB and 1.1 nmol L-1 for HDIT. Moreover, the developed procedure was distinguished by good selectivity, repeatability of DIHB and HDIT signals and sensor reproducibility. The practical application of this method was demonstrated by analysing the urine reference material without any prior treatment. The results showed that this environmentally friendly approach, with a modification-free sensor, is suitable for the sensitive, selective and rapid quantification of DIHB and HDIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Tyszczuk-Rotko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Staniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sztanke
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Compounds Synthesis and Analysis, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki Street, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Sztanke
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki Street, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
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Fala M, Ros S, Sawle A, Rao JU, Tsyben A, Tronci L, Frezza C, Mair R, Brindle KM. The role of branched-chain aminotransferase 1 in driving glioblastoma cell proliferation and invasion varies with tumor subtype. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad120. [PMID: 37885806 PMCID: PMC10599397 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Branched-chain aminotransferase 1 (BCAT1) has been proposed to drive proliferation and invasion of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma cells. However, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset shows considerable variation in the expression of this enzyme in glioblastoma. The aim of this study was to determine the role of BCAT1 in driving the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma cells and xenografts that have widely differing levels of BCAT1 expression and the mechanism responsible. Methods The activity of BCAT1 was modulated in IDH wild-type patient-derived glioblastoma cell lines, and in orthotopically implanted tumors derived from these cells, to examine the effects of BCAT1 expression on tumor phenotype. Results In cells with constitutively high BCAT1 expression and a glycolytic metabolic phenotype, inducible shRNA knockdown of the enzyme resulted in reduced proliferation and invasion by increasing the concentration of α-ketoglutarate, leading to reduced DNA methylation, HIF-1α destabilization, and reduced expression of the transcription factor Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1). Conversely, overexpression of the enzyme increased HIF-1α expression and promoted proliferation and invasion. However, in cells with an oxidative phenotype and very low constitutive expression of BCAT1 increased expression of the enzyme had no effect on invasion and reduced cell proliferation. This occurred despite an increase in HIF-1α levels and could be explained by decreased TCA cycle flux. Conclusions There is a wide variation in BCAT1 expression in glioblastoma and its role in proliferation and invasion is dependent on tumor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fala
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susana Ros
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Sawle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jyotsna U Rao
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Tsyben
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Tronci
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Frezza
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Mair
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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The mechanism and role of intracellular α-ketoglutarate reduction in hepatic stellate cell activation. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222269. [PMID: 32124915 PMCID: PMC7069903 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a central role in liver fibrosis. α-ketoglutarate is a natural metabolite and previous studies have shown that increase in intracellular α-ketoglutarate can inhibit HSC activation. Aim: The aim of the present study is to determine the changes and role of intracellular α-ketoglutarate in HSC activation and clarify its mechanism of action. Methods: A human HSC cell line (LX-2) and the primary mouse HSC were used in the present study. We detected the changes of intracellular α-ketoglutarate levels and the expression of enzymes involved in the metabolic processes during HSC activation. We used siRNA to determine the role of intracellular α-ketoglutarate in HSC activation and elucidate the mechanism of the metabolic changes. Results: Our results demonstrated that intracellular α-ketoglutarate levels decreased with an HSC cell line and primary mouse HSC activation, as well as the expression of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), an enzyme that catalyzes the production of α-ketoglutarate. In addition, knockdown of IDH2 efficiently promoted the activation of HSCs, which was able to be reversed by introduction of an α-ketoglutarate analogue. Furthermore, we demonstrated that α-ketoglutarate regulated HSC activation is independent of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that decrease in IDH2 expression limits the production of α-ketoglutarate during HSC activation and in turn promotes the activation of HSCs through a TGF-β1 independent pathway. The present study suggests that IDH2 and α-ketoglutarate may be potential new targets for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Kiernan EA, Wang T, Vanderplow AM, Cherukuri S, Cahill ME, Watters JJ. Neonatal Intermittent Hypoxia Induces Lasting Sex-Specific Augmentation of Rat Microglial Cytokine Expression. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1479. [PMID: 31333645 PMCID: PMC6615134 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) affects 3-5% of the pediatric population, including neonates who are highly susceptible due to an underdeveloped ventilatory control system, and REM-dominated sleep. Although pediatric SDB is associated with poor cognitive outcomes, very little research has focused on models of pediatric SDB, particularly in neonates. In adults and neonates, intermittent hypoxia (IH), a hallmark of SDB, recapitulates multiple physiological aspects of severe SDB, including neuronal apoptosis, sex-specific cognitive deficits, and neuroinflammation. Microglia, resident CNS immune cells, are important mediators of neurodevelopment and neuroinflammation, but to date, no studies have examined the molecular properties of microglia in the context of neonatal IH. Here, we tested the hypothesis that neonatal IH will enhance microglial inflammation and sex-specifically lead to long-term changes in working memory. To test this hypothesis, we exposed post-natal day (P1) neonates with dams to an established adult model of pathological IH consisting of 2 min cycles of 10.5% O2 followed by 21% O2, 8 h/day for 8 days. We then challenged the offspring with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at P9 or at 6-8 weeks of age and immunomagnetically isolated microglia for gene expression analyses and RNA-sequencing. We also characterized neonatal CNS myeloid cell populations by flow cytometry analyses. Lastly, we examined working memory performance using a Y-maze in the young adults. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that neonatal IH acutely augmented basal levels of microglial anti-inflammatory cytokines, attenuated microglial responses to LPS, and sex-specifically altered CNS myeloid populations. We identified multiple sex differences in basal neonatal microglial expression of genes related to chemotaxis, cognition, and aging. Lastly, we found that basal, but not LPS-induced, anti-inflammatory cytokines were augmented sex-specifically in the young adults, and that there was a significant interaction between sex and IH on basal working memory. Our results support the idea that neonates may be able to adapt to IH exposures that are pathological in adults. Further, they suggest that male and female microglial responses to IH are sex-specific, and that these sex differences in basal microglial gene expression may contribute to sexual dimorphisms in vulnerability to IH-induced cognitive disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Kiernan
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amanda M Vanderplow
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sneha Cherukuri
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Michael E Cahill
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jyoti J Watters
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Tandel R, Teradal N, Satpati A, Jaldappagari S. Fabrication of the electrochemically reduced graphene oxide-bismuth nanoparticles composite and its analytical application for an anticancer drug gemcitabine. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rauf A, Shah A, Khan AA, Shah AH, Abbasi R, Qureshi IZ, Ali S. Synthesis, pH dependent photometric and electrochemical investigation, redox mechanism and biological applications of novel Schiff base and its metallic derivatives. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 176:155-167. [PMID: 28092826 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel Schiff base, 1-((2, 4-dimethylphenylimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol abbreviated as (HL) and its four metallic complexes were synthesized and confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR, FTIR, TGA and UV-Visible spectroscopy. Schiff base was also characterized by X-ray analysis. The photometric and electrochemical responses of all the synthesized compounds were investigated in a wide pH range. Structures of the compounds were optimized computationally for the evaluation of different physico-chemical parameters. On the basis of electrochemical results the redox mechanistic pathways of the compounds were proposed. The cytotoxicity analysis on Hela cells revealed that HL and its complexes inhibit cell growth as revealed from their IC50 values (HL):106.7μM, (L2VO): 40.66μM, (L2Sn): 5.92μM, (L2Zn): 42.82 and (L2Co): 107.68μM. The compounds were tested for anti-diabetic, triglyceride, cholesterol, anti-microbial, anti-fungal and enzyme inhibition activities. The results revealed that HL and its complexes are promising new therapeutic options as these compounds exhibit strong activity against cancer cells, diabetics, fungal and microbial inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Afzal Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Aziz Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Hassan Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Rashda Abbasi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Zia Qureshi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
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Zhao J, Peng L, Cui R, Guo X, Yan M. Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate reduces CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis through inhibition of autophagy in hepatic stellate cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 481:90-96. [PMID: 27823933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sustained activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) leads to liver fibrosis. Autophagy fuels the activation of HSCs by generation of ATP. Our previous research demonstrated an inhibitory effect of dimethyl α-ketoglutarate (DMKG) on HSCs activation in vitro. In the current study, we demonstrated that DMKG reduced CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in Wistar rats. Then, with the use of the HSC-T6 cell lines and double immunofluorescent staining of liver sections, we showed that the anti-fibrotic effect occurred through the inhibition of the autophagy of HSCs. Both experiments showed that DMKG could inhibit autophagy and activation of HSCs, and that the activation of HSCs was down-regulated with autophagy. In addition, we showed that DMKG could lead to lipid droplet accumulation and decrease cellular ATP content in HSCs. Furthermore, the mechanism of how DMKG inhibited autophagy of HSCs was explored in vitro with the use of c646 (a competitive inhibitor of acetyl-coenzyme A which binds to the acetyltransferase EP300) and lipoic acid (an alternative acetyl-coenzyme A -replenishing agent to DMKG), and showed that both acetyl-coenzyme A and EP300 were involved. Collectively, our study investigated the possible role of DMKG in preventing liver fibrosis and HSCs activation. We showed that DMKG may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Lei Peng
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ruibing Cui
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Pattar VP, Nandibewoor ST. Electroanalytical method for the determination of 5-fluorouracil using a reduced graphene oxide/chitosan modified sensor. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04396d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a chemically reduced graphene oxide and chitosan (CRGO/CS) composite film was constructed and used to determine 5-fluorouracil using cyclic, staircase and square wave voltammetric techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay P. Pattar
- P. G. Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Karnatak University
- Dharwad-580003
- India
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Teradal NL, Narayan PS, Seetharamappa J, Satpati AK. Electrosensing Platform for Varenicline Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Asghar F, Badshah A, Shah A, Rauf MK, Ali MI, Tahir MN, Nosheen E, Zia-ur-Rehman, Qureshi R. Synthesis, characterization and DNA binding studies of organoantimony(V) ferrocenyl benzoates. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ghalkhani M, Fernandes IP, Oliveira SCB, Shahrokhian S, Oliveira–Brett AM. Anodic behavior of clioquinol at a glassy carbon electrode. Bioelectrochemistry 2011; 80:175-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shah A, Nosheen E, Qureshi R, Yasinzai MM, Lunsford SK, Dionysiou DD, ur-Rehman Z, Siddiq M, Badshah A, Ali S. Electrochemical Characterization, Detoxification and Anticancer activity of Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/ijoc.2011.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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