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Xue C, Jamal R, Abdiryim T, Liu X, Liu F, Xu F, Cheng Q, Tang X, Fan N. An ionic liquid-modified PEDOT/Ti 3C 2T X based molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for pico-molar sensitive detection of L-Tryptophan in milk. Food Chem 2024; 449:139114. [PMID: 38581782 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
L-Tryptophan (L-Trp) is essential for the human body and can only be obtained externally. It is important to develop a method to efficiently detect L-Trp in food. In this work, ionic liquid (IL) modified poly(3,4-ethylendioxythiophene)/ Titanium carbide (PEDOT/Ti3C2TX) was used as a substrate material to improve detection sensitivity. Molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) film for specific recognition of L-Trp was fabricated on the surface of modified electrodes using electrochemical polymerization. The monitoring results showed that the molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors (MIECS) exhibited good linearity ranges (10-6 - 0.1 μM and 0.1-100 μM) with a low detection limit (LOD) of 2.09 × 10-7 μM. In addition, the MIECS exhibited remarkable stability, reproducibility, and immunity to interference. A good recovery (93.54-99.59%) was demonstrated in the detection of milk. The sensor was expected to be developed as a highly selective and sensitive portable assay, and applied to the detection of L-Trp in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Ruxangul Jamal
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Fine Chemicals Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China.
| | - Tursun Abdiryim
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China.
| | - Xiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Fangfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Qian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Xinsheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Nana Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
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Liu Y, Lu X, Chen M, Wei Z, Peng G, Yang J, Tang C, Yu P. Advances in screening, synthesis, modification, and biomedical applications of peptides and peptide aptamers. Biofactors 2024; 50:33-57. [PMID: 37646383 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Peptides and peptide aptamers have emerged as promising molecules for a wide range of biomedical applications due to their unique properties and versatile functionalities. The screening strategies for identifying peptides and peptide aptamers with desired properties are discussed, including high-throughput screening, display screening technology, and in silico design approaches. The synthesis methods for the efficient production of peptides and peptide aptamers, such as solid-phase peptide synthesis and biosynthesis technology, are described, along with their advantages and limitations. Moreover, various modification techniques are explored to enhance the stability, specificity, and pharmacokinetic properties of peptides and peptide aptamers. This includes chemical modifications, enzymatic modifications, biomodifications, genetic engineering modifications, and physical modifications. Furthermore, the review highlights the diverse biomedical applications of peptides and peptide aptamers, including targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutic. This review provides valuable insights into the advancements in screening, synthesis, modification, and biomedical applications of peptides and peptide aptamers. A comprehensive understanding of these aspects will aid researchers in the development of novel peptide-based therapeutics and diagnostic tools for various biomedical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meilun Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangnan Peng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunhua Tang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Yu XY, He JY, Tang F, Yu P, Wu L, Xiao ZL, Sun LX, Cao Z, Yu D. Highly sensitive determination of L-glutamic acid in pig serum with an enzyme-free molecularly imprinted polymer on a carbon-nanotube modified electrode. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5589-5597. [PMID: 37850367 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01499a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Through electrochemical polymerization using L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) as a template and 4,6-diaminoresorcinol as a functional monomer, an enzyme-free molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based L-Glu sensor with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) decorated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), namely G-MIP/MWCNTs/GCE, was developed in this work. The reaction conditions were optimized as follows: electrochemical polymerization of 23 cycles, pH of 3.0, molar ratio of template/monomer of 1 : 4, volume ratio of elution reagents of acetonitrile/formic acid of 1 : 1, and elution time of 2 min. The prepared materials and molecularly imprinted polymer were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as electrochemical methods. The electrochemical properties of different electrodes were investigated via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), showing that the electrode of G-MIP/MWCNTs/GCE exhibited excellent catalytic oxidation activity towards L-Glu. A good linear relationship between peak-currents and L-Glu concentrations in a range from 1.00 × 10-8 to 1.00 × 10-5 mol L-1 was observed, with a detection limit of 5.13 × 10-9 mol L-1 (S/N = 3). The imprinted sensor possesses excellent selectivity, high sensitivity, and good stability, which have been successfully applied for the detection of L-Glu in pig serum samples with a recovery rate of 97.4-105.5%, being comparable to commercial high-performance liquid chromatography, demonstrating a simple, rapid, and accurate way for the determination of L-Glu in the fields of animal nutrition and biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yao Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
| | - Jun-Yi He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
| | - Fei Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
| | - Peng Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
| | - Ling Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
| | - Zhong-Liang Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
| | - Li-Xian Sun
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhong Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
| | - Donghong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg, East, Denmark.
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Sariga, Varghese A. The Renaissance of Ferrocene-Based Electrocatalysts: Properties, Synthesis Strategies, and Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:32. [PMID: 37910233 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00441-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The fascinating electrochemical properties of the redox-active compound ferrocene have inspired researchers across the globe to develop ferrocene-based electrocatalysts for a wide variety of applications. Advantages including excellent chemical and thermal stability, solubility in organic solvents, a pair of stable redox states, rapid electron transfer, and nontoxic nature improve its utility in various electrochemical applications. The use of ferrocene-based electrocatalysts enables control over the intrinsic properties and electroactive sites at the surface of the electrode to achieve specific electrochemical activities. Ferrocene and its derivatives can function as a potential redox medium that promotes electron transfer rates, thereby enhancing the reaction kinetics and electrochemical responses of the device. The outstanding electrocatalytic activity of ferrocene-based compounds at lower operating potentials enhances the specificity and sensitivity of reactions and also amplifies the response signals. Owing to their versatile redox chemistry and catalytic activities, ferrocene-based electrocatalysts are widely employed in various energy-related systems, molecular machines, and agricultural, biological, medicinal, and sensing applications. This review highlights the importance of ferrocene-based electrocatalysts, with emphasis on their properties, synthesis strategies for obtaining different ferrocene-based compounds, and their electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sariga
- CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India.
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Xiao Y, Zhang T, Zhang H. Recent advances in the peptide-based biosensor designs. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 231:113559. [PMID: 37738870 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors have rapidly emerged as a high-sensitivity and convenient detection method. Among various types of biosensors, optical and electrochemical are the most commonly used. Conventionally, antibodies have been employed to ensure specific interaction between the transmission material and analytes. However, there has been increasing recognition of peptides as a promising recognition element for biosensor development in recent years. The use of peptides as recognition elements provides high level of specificity, sensitivity, and stability for the detection process. The combination of peptide designs and optical or electrochemical detection methods has significantly improved biosensor efficacy. These advancements present opportunities for developing biosensors with diverse functions that can be used to lay a strong scientific foundation for the development of personalized medicine and various other fields. This paper reviews the recent advancements in the development and application of peptide-based optical and electrochemical biosensors, as well as their prospects as a sensor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Houjin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M. A Facile Method for the Fabrication of the Microneedle Electrode and Its Application in the Enzymatic Determination of Glutamate. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:828. [PMID: 37622914 PMCID: PMC10452303 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a simple method has been used in the fabrication of a microneedle electrode (MNE). To do this, firstly, a commercial self-dissolving microneedle patch has been used to make a hard-polydimethylsiloxane-based micro-pore mold (MPM). Then, the pores of the MPM were filled with the conductive platinum (Pt) paste and cured in an oven. Afterward, the MNE made of platinum (Pt-MNE) was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To prove the electrochemical applicability of the Pt-MNE, the glutamate oxidase enzyme was immobilized on the surface of the electrode, to detect glutamate, using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) methods. The obtained results demonstrated that the fabricated biosensor could detect a glutamate concentration in the range of 10-150 µM. The limits of detection (LODs) (three standard deviations of the blank/slope) were also calculated to be 0.25 µM and 0.41 µM, using CV and CA, respectively. Furthermore, the Michaelis-Menten constant (KMapp) of the biosensor was calculated to be 296.48 µM using a CA method. The proposed biosensor was finally applied, to detect the glutamate concentration in human serum samples. The presented method for the fabrication of the mold signifies a step further toward the fabrication of a microneedle electrode.
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Beduk T, Beduk D, Hasan MR, Guler Celik E, Kosel J, Narang J, Salama KN, Timur S. Smartphone-Based Multiplexed Biosensing Tools for Health Monitoring. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080583. [PMID: 36004979 PMCID: PMC9406027 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Many emerging technologies have the potential to improve health care by providing more personalized approaches or early diagnostic methods. In this review, we cover smartphone-based multiplexed sensors as affordable and portable sensing platforms for point-of-care devices. Multiplexing has been gaining attention recently for clinical diagnosis considering certain diseases require analysis of complex biological networks instead of single-marker analysis. Smartphones offer tremendous possibilities for on-site detection analysis due to their portability, high accessibility, fast sample processing, and robust imaging capabilities. Straightforward digital analysis and convenient user interfaces support networked health care systems and individualized health monitoring. Detailed biomarker profiling provides fast and accurate analysis for disease diagnosis for limited sample volume collection. Here, multiplexed smartphone-based assays with optical and electrochemical components are covered. Possible wireless or wired communication actuators and portable and wearable sensing integration for various sensing applications are discussed. The crucial features and the weaknesses of these devices are critically evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tutku Beduk
- Silicon Austria Labs GmbH: Sensor Systems, 9524 Villach, Austria;
| | - Duygu Beduk
- Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Mohd Rahil Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.R.H.); (J.N.)
| | - Emine Guler Celik
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Jurgen Kosel
- Silicon Austria Labs GmbH: Sensor Systems, 9524 Villach, Austria;
| | - Jagriti Narang
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.R.H.); (J.N.)
| | - Khaled Nabil Salama
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Suna Timur
- Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
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