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Gil-Chinchilla JI, Bueno C, Martínez CM, Ferrández-Múrtula A, García-Hernández AM, Blanquer M, Molina-Molina M, Zapata AG, Sackstein R, Moraleda JM, García-Bernal D. Optimizing cryopreservation conditions for use of fucosylated human mesenchymal stromal cells in anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory therapeutics. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385691. [PMID: 38605955 PMCID: PMC11007032 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are being increasingly used in cell-based therapies due to their broad anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Intravascularly-administered MSCs do not efficiently migrate to sites of inflammation/immunopathology, but this shortfall has been overcome by cell surface enzymatic fucosylation to engender expression of the potent E-selectin ligand HCELL. In applications of cell-based therapies, cryopreservation enables stability in both storage and transport of the produced cells from the manufacturing facility to the point of care. However, it has been reported that cryopreservation and thawing dampens their immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory activity even after a reactivation/reconditioning step. To address this issue, we employed a variety of methods to cryopreserve and thaw fucosylated human MSCs derived from either bone marrow or adipose tissue sources. We then evaluated their immunosuppressive properties, cell viability, morphology, proliferation kinetics, immunophenotype, senescence, and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Our studies provide new insights into the immunobiology of cryopreserved and thawed MSCs and offer a readily applicable approach to optimize the use of fucosylated human allogeneic MSCs as immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús I. Gil-Chinchilla
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos Bueno
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Martínez
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Ferrández-Múrtula
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana M. García-Hernández
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanquer
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mar Molina-Molina
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicine, and the Translational Glycobiology Institute, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jose M. Moraleda
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Ho YK, Loke KM, Woo JY, Lee YL, Too HP. Cryopreservation does not change the performance and characteristics of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells highly over-expressing a cytoplasmic therapeutic transgene for cancer treatment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:519. [PMID: 36376945 PMCID: PMC9663191 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) driven gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy is a promising approach to deliver therapeutic agents to target heterogenous solid tumours. To democratize such a therapy, cryopreservation along with cold chain transportation is an essential part of the logistical process and supply chain. Previously, we have successfully engineered MSCs by a non-viral DNA transfection approach for prolonged and exceptionally high expression of the fused transgene cytosine deaminase, uracil phosphoribosyl transferase and green fluorescent protein (CD::UPRT::GFP). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of cryopreservation of MSCs engineered to highly overexpress this cytoplasmic therapeutic transgene. Methods Modified MSCs were preserved in a commercially available, GMP-grade cryopreservative—CryoStor10 (CS10) for up to 11 months. Performance of frozen-modified MSCs was compared to freshly modified equivalents in vitro. Cancer killing potency was evaluated using four different cancer cell lines. Migratory potential was assessed using matrigel invasion assay and flow cytometric analysis for CXCR4 expression. Frozen-modified MSC was used to treat canine patients via intra-tumoral injections, or by intravenous infusion followed by a daily dose of 5-flucytosine (5FC). Results We found that cryopreservation did not affect the transgene expression, cell viability, adhesion, phenotypic profile, and migration of gene modified canine adipose tissue derived MSCs. In the presence of 5FC, the thawed and freshly modified MSCs showed comparable cytotoxicity towards one canine and three human cancer cell lines in vitro. These cryopreserved cells were stored for about a year and then used to treat no-option-left canine patients with two different types of cancers and notably, the patients showed progression-free interval of more than 20 months, evidence of the effectiveness in treating spontaneously occurring cancers. Conclusion This study supports the use of cryopreserved, off-the-shelf transiently transfected MSCs for cancer treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03198-z.
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Shrestha M, Nguyen TT, Park J, Choi JU, Yook S, Jeong JH. Immunomodulation effect of mesenchymal stem cells in islet transplantation. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112042. [PMID: 34403963 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has brought a great enthusiasm to the treatment of various immune disorders, tissue regeneration and transplantation therapy. MSCs are being extensively investigated for their immunomodulatory actions. MSCs can deliver immunomodulatory signals to inhibit allogeneic T cell immune responses by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing regulatory cytokines and growth factors. Islet transplantation is a therapeutic alternative to the insulin therapy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, the acute loss of islets due to the lack of vasculature and hypoxic milieu in the immediate post-transplantation period may lead to treatment failure. Moreover, despite the use of potent immunosuppressive drugs, graft failure persists because of immunological rejection. Many in vitro and in vivo researches have demonstrated the multipotency of MSCs as a mediator of immunomodulation and a great approach for enhancement of islet engraftment. MSCs can interact with immune cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems via direct cell-cell contact or through secretomes containing numerous soluble growth and immunomodulatory factors or mitochondrial transfer. This review highlights the interactions between MSCs and different immune cells to mediate immunomodulatory functions along with the importance of MSCs therapy for the successful islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Tiep Tien Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Park
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Uk Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Simmyung Yook
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Refaie AF, Elbassiouny BL, Kloc M, Sabek OM, Khater SM, Ismail AM, Mohamed RH, Ghoneim MA. From Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells to Insulin-Producing Cells: Immunological Considerations. Front Immunol 2021; 12:690623. [PMID: 34248981 PMCID: PMC8262452 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been the subject matter of many studies over the past few decades. The wide availability, negligible teratogenic risks and differentiation potential of MSCs promise a therapeutic alternative to traditional exogenous insulin injections or pancreatic transplantation. However, conflicting arguments have been reported regarding the immunological profile of MSCs. While some studies support their immune-privileged, immunomodulatory status and successful use in the treatment of several immune-mediated diseases, others maintain that allogeneic MSCs trigger immune responses, especially following differentiation or in vivo transplantation. In this review, the intricate mechanisms by which MSCs exert their immunomodulatory functions and the influencing variables are critically addressed. Furthermore, proposed avenues to enhance these effects, including cytokine pretreatment, coadministration of mTOR inhibitors, the use of Tregs and gene manipulation, are presented. As an alternative, the selection of high-benefit, low-risk donors based on HLA matching, PD-L1 expression and the absence of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) are also discussed. Finally, the necessity for the transplantation of human MSC (hMSC)-derived insulin-producing cells (IPCs) into humanized mice is highlighted since this strategy may provide further insights into future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman F Refaie
- Nephrology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Malgorzata Kloc
- Department of Immunobiology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Surgery, The Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Genetics, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Omaima M Sabek
- Department of Surgery, The Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Cell and Microbiology Biology, Weill Cornell Medical Biology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sherry M Khater
- Pathology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amani M Ismail
- Immunology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania H Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Sordi MB, Cruz A, Fredel MC, Magini R, Sharpe PT. Three-dimensional bioactive hydrogel-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in implant dentistry. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112055. [PMID: 33947549 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue requires a range of complex mechanisms to allow the restoration of its structure and function. Bone healing is a signaling cascade process, involving cells secreting cytokines, growth factors, and pro-inflammatory factors in the defect site that will, subsequently, recruit surrounding stem cells to migrate, proliferate, and differentiate into bone-forming cells. Bioactive functional scaffolds could be applied to improve the bone healing processes where the organism is not able to fully regenerate the lost tissue. However, to be optimal, such scaffolds should act as osteoconductors - supporting bone-forming cells, providing nutrients, and sustaining the arrival of new blood vessels, and act as osteoinducers - slowly releasing signaling molecules that stimulate mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate and deposit mineralized bone matrix. Different compositions and shapes of scaffolds, cutting-edge technologies, application of signaling molecules to promote cell differentiation, and high-quality biomaterials are reaching favorable outcomes towards osteoblastic differentiation of stem cells in in vitro and in vivo researches for bone regeneration. Hydrogel-based biomaterials are being pointed as promising for bone tissue regeneration; however, despite all the research and high-impact scientific publications, there are still several challenges that prevent the use of hydrogel-based scaffolds for bone regeneration being feasible for their clinical application. Hence, the objective of this review is to consolidate and report, based on the current scientific literature, the approaches for bone tissue regeneration using bioactive hydrogel-based scaffolds, cell-based therapies, and three-dimensional bioprinting to define the key challenges preventing their use in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane B Sordi
- Research Center on Dental Implants, Department of Odontology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil; Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Ariadne Cruz
- Department of Odontology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Márcio C Fredel
- Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Magini
- Department of Odontology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Paul T Sharpe
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, SE1 9RT, UK.
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Bahsoun S, Coopman K, Akam EC. The impact of cryopreservation on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review. J Transl Med 2019; 17:397. [PMID: 31783866 PMCID: PMC6883667 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-02136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an invaluable asset for the field of cell therapy. Human Bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) are one of the most commonly used cell types in clinical trials. They are currently being studied and tested for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and conditions. The future availability of MSCs therapies to the public will require a robust and reliable delivery process. Cryopreservation represents the gold standard in cell storage and transportation, but its effect on BM-MSCs is still not well established. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the impact of cryopreservation on BM-MSCs and to attempt to uncover the reasons behind some of the controversial results reported in the literature. Forty-one in vitro studies were analysed, and their results organised according to the cell attributes they assess. It was concluded that cryopreservation does not affect BM-MSCs morphology, surface marker expression, differentiation or proliferation potential. However, mixed results exist regarding the effect on colony forming ability and the effects on viability, attachment and migration, genomic stability and paracrine function are undefined mainly due to the huge variabilities governing the cryopreservation process as a whole and to the lack of standardised assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Bahsoun
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Karen Coopman
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Akam
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
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7
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Han Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Han Y, Chang F, Ding J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine. Cells 2019; 8:E886. [PMID: 31412678 PMCID: PMC6721852 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 634] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the biomedical applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted increasing attention. MSCs are easily extracted from the bone marrow, fat, and synovium, and differentiate into various cell lineages according to the requirements of specific biomedical applications. As MSCs do not express significant histocompatibility complexes and immune stimulating molecules, they are not detected by immune surveillance and do not lead to graft rejection after transplantation. These properties make them competent biomedical candidates, especially in tissue engineering. We present a brief overview of MSC extraction methods and subsequent potential for differentiation, and a comprehensive overview of their preclinical and clinical applications in regenerative medicine, and discuss future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun 130041, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xuezhou Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun 130041, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Yuping Han
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Fei Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun 130041, China.
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
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Cryopreserved H2
O2
-preconditioned human adipose-derived stem cells exhibit fast post-thaw recovery and enhanced bioactivity against oxidative stress. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:328-341. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Systemic Neutrophil Depletion Modulates the Migration and Fate of Transplanted Human Neural Stem Cells to Rescue Functional Repair. J Neurosci 2017; 37:9269-9287. [PMID: 28847814 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2785-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of transplanted stem cells with local cellular and molecular cues in the host CNS microenvironment may affect the potential for repair by therapeutic cell populations. In this regard, spinal cord injury (SCI), Alzheimer's disease, and other neurological injuries and diseases all exhibit dramatic and dynamic changes to the host microenvironment over time. Previously, we reported that delayed transplantation of human CNS-derived neural stem cells (hCNS-SCns) at 9 or 30 d post-SCI (dpi) resulted in extensive donor cell migration, predominantly neuronal and oligodendrocytic donor cell differentiation, and functional locomotor improvements. Here, we report that acute transplantation of hCNS-SCns at 0 dpi resulted in localized astroglial differentiation of donor cells near the lesion epicenter and failure to produce functional improvement in an all-female immunodeficient mouse model. Critically, specific immunodepletion of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) blocked hCNS-SCns astroglial differentiation near the lesion epicenter and rescued the capacity of these cells to restore function. These data represent novel evidence that a host immune cell population can block the potential for functional repair derived from a therapeutic donor cell population, and support targeting the inflammatory microenvironment in combination with cell transplantation after SCI.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The interaction of transplanted cells with local cellular and molecular cues in the host microenvironment is a key variable that may shape the translation of neurotransplantation research to the clinical spinal cord injury (SCI) human population, and few studies have investigated these events. We show that the specific immunodepletion of polymorphonuclear leukocyte neutrophils using anti-Ly6G inhibits donor cell astrogliosis and rescues the capacity of a donor cell population to promote locomotor improvement after SCI. Critically, our data demonstrate novel evidence that a specific host immune cell population can block the potential for functional repair derived from a therapeutic donor cell population.
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10
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Yuan Z, Lourenco SDS, Sage EK, Kolluri KK, Lowdell MW, Janes SM. Cryopreservation of human mesenchymal stromal cells expressing TRAIL for human anti-cancer therapy. Cytotherapy 2017; 18:860-9. [PMID: 27260207 PMCID: PMC4906234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are being extensively researched for cell therapy and tissue engineering. We have engineered MSCs to express the pro-apoptotic protein tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and are currently preparing this genetically modified cell therapy for a phase 1/2a clinical trial in patients with metastatic lung cancer. To do this, we need to prepare a cryopreserved allogeneic MSCTRAIL cell bank for further expansion before patient delivery. The effects of cryopreservation on a genetically modified cell therapy product have not been clearly determined. METHODS We tested different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) added to the human serum albumin ZENALB 4.5 and measured post-thaw cell viability, proliferation ability and differentiation characteristics. In addition, we examined the homing ability, TRAIL expression and cancer cell-killing capacities of cryopreserved genetically modified MSCs compared with fresh, continually cultured cells. RESULTS We demonstrated that the post-thaw viability of MSCs in 5% DMSO (v/v) with 95% ZENALB 4.5 (v/v) is 85.7 ± 0.4%, which is comparable to that in conventional freezing media. We show that cryopreservation does not affect the long-term expression of TRAIL and that cryopreserved TRAIL-expressing MSCs exhibit similar levels of homing and, importantly, retain their potency in triggering cancer cell death. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that cryopreservation is unlikely to affect the therapeutic properties of MSCTRAIL and supports the generation of a cryopreserved master cell bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqiang Yuan
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Da Silva Lourenco
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth K Sage
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Krishna K Kolluri
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark W Lowdell
- Centre for Cell, Gene & Tissue Therapy, Royal Free London National Health Services Foundation Trust & University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sam M Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Premise and promise of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies in clinical vascularized composite allotransplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2016; 20:608-14. [PMID: 26536421 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Over the past decade, clinical vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has enabled functional and quality of life restoration in a wide range of indications secondary to devastating tissue loss. However, the spectre of toxicity and long-term complications of chronic immunosuppression has curtailed the momentum of VCA. This study summarizes the literature evidence behind successful mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based cell therapies highlighting their multipronged immunomodulatory, restorative and regenerative characteristics with special emphasis towards VCA applications. RECENT FINDINGS Experimental and clinical studies in solid organs and VCA have confirmed that MSCs facilitate immunosuppression-free allograft survival or tolerance, stimulate peripheral nerve regeneration, attenuate ischaemia-reperfusion injury, and improve tissue healing after surgery. It has been hypothesized that MSC-induced long-term operational tolerance in experimental VCA is mediated by induction of mixed donor-specific chimerism and regulatory T-cell mechanisms. All these characteristics of MSCs could thus help expand the scope and clinical feasibility of VCA. SUMMARY Cellular therapies, especially those focusing on MSCs, are emerging in solid organ transplantation including VCA. Although some clinical trials have begun to assess the effects of MSCs in solid organ transplantation, much scientific domain remains uncharted, especially for VCA.
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12
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Gao F, Chiu SM, Motan DAL, Zhang Z, Chen L, Ji HL, Tse HF, Fu QL, Lian Q. Mesenchymal stem cells and immunomodulation: current status and future prospects. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2062. [PMID: 26794657 PMCID: PMC4816164 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 768] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unique immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) make them an invaluable cell type for the repair of tissue/ organ damage caused by chronic inflammation or autoimmune disorders. Although they hold great promise in the treatment of immune disorders such as graft versus host disease (GvHD) and allergic disorders, there remain many challenges to overcome before their widespread clinical application. An understanding of the biological properties of MSCs will clarify the mechanisms of MSC-based transplantation for immunomodulation. In this review, we summarize the preclinical and clinical studies of MSCs from different adult tissues, discuss the current hurdles to their use and propose the future development of pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs as an approach to immunomodulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S M Chiu
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - D A L Motan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - L Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - H-L Ji
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
| | - H-F Tse
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Q-L Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Q Lian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from various tissues: Biological, clinical and cryopreservation aspects. Cryobiology 2015; 71:181-97. [PMID: 26186998 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Originally isolated from bone marrow, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have since been obtained from various fetal and post-natal tissues and are the focus of an increasing number of clinical trials. Because of their tremendous potential for cellular therapy, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, it is desirable to cryopreserve and bank MSCs to increase their access and availability. A remarkable amount of research and resources have been expended towards optimizing the protocols, freezing media composition, cooling devices and storage containers, as well as developing good manufacturing practices in order to ensure that MSCs retain their therapeutic characteristics following cryopreservation and that they are safe for clinical use. Here, we first present an overview of the identification of MSCs, their tissue sources and the properties that render them suitable as a cellular therapeutic. Next, we discuss the responses of cells during freezing and focus on the traditional and novel approaches used to cryopreserve MSCs. We conclude that viable MSCs from diverse tissues can be recovered after cryopreservation using a variety of freezing protocols, cryoprotectants, storage periods and temperatures. However, alterations in certain functions of MSCs following cryopreservation warrant future investigations on the recovery of cells post-thaw followed by expansion of functional cells in order to achieve their full therapeutic potential.
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De Becker A, Van Riet I. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Hematology: From Laboratory to Clinic and Back Again. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1713-29. [PMID: 25923433 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently major interest to use mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for a very diverse range of therapeutic applications. This stems mainly from the immunosuppressive qualities and differentiation capacity of these cells. In this review, we focus on cell therapy applications for MSCs in hematology. In this domain, MSCs are used for the treatment or prevention of graft-versus-host disease, support of hematopoiesis, or repair of tissue toxicities after hematopoietic cell transplantation. We critically review the accumulating clinical data and elaborate on complications that might arise from treatment with MSCs. In addition, we assume that the real clinical benefit of using MSCs for these purposes can only be estimated by a better understanding of the influence of in vitro expansion on the biological properties of these cells as well as by more harmonization of the currently used expansion protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann De Becker
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department Clinical Hematology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Brussel, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department Clinical Hematology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Brussel, Belgium
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McGuirk JP, Smith JR, Divine CL, Zuniga M, Weiss ML. Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Promising Cellular Therapeutic Strategy for the Management of Graft-versus-Host Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2015; 8:196-220. [PMID: 25894816 PMCID: PMC4491656 DOI: 10.3390/ph8020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), a treatment option in hematologic malignancies and bone marrow failure syndromes, is frequently complicated by Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The primary treatment for GVHD involves immune suppression by glucocorticoids. However, patients are often refractory to the steroid therapy, and this results in a poor prognosis. Therefore alternative therapies are needed to treat GVHD. Here, we review data supporting the clinical investigation of a novel cellular therapy using Wharton’s jelly (WJ)-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as a potentially safe and effective therapeutic strategy in the management of GVHD. Adult-derived sources of MSCs have demonstrated signals of efficacy in the management of GVHD. However, there are limitations, including: limited proliferation capacity; heterogeneity of cell sources; lengthy expansion time to clinical dose; expansion failure in vitro; and a painful, invasive, isolation procedure for the donor. Therefore, alternative MSC sources for cellular therapy are sought. The reviewed data suggests MSCs derived from WJ may be a safe and effective cellular therapy for GVHD. Laboratories investigated and defined the immune properties of WJ-MSCs for potential use in cellular therapy. These cells represent a more uniform cell population than bone marrow-derived MSCs, displaying robust immunosuppressive properties and lacking significant immunogenicity. They can be collected safely and painlessly from individuals at birth, rapidly expanded and stored cryogenically for later clinical use. Additionally, data we reviewed suggested licensing MSCs (activating MSCs by exposure to cytokines) to enhance effectiveness in treating GVHD. Therefore, WJCs should be tested as a second generation, relatively homogeneous allogeneic cell therapy for the treatment of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P McGuirk
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Pkwy., Suite 210 Mailstop 5003, Westwood, KS 66205, USA.
| | - J Robert Smith
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, 1600 Denison Ave., Coles Hall 228, Manhattan, KS 66506-5802, USA.
| | - Clint L Divine
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Pkwy., Suite 210 Mailstop 5003, Westwood, KS 66205, USA
| | - Micheal Zuniga
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, 1600 Denison Ave., Coles Hall 228, Manhattan, KS 66506-5802, USA.
| | - Mark L Weiss
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, 1600 Denison Ave., Coles Hall 228, Manhattan, KS 66506-5802, USA.
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