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Li H, Zhang D, Bao P, Li Y, Liu C, Meng T, Wang C, Wu H, Pan K. Recent Advances in Functional Hydrogels for Treating Dental Hard Tissue and Endodontic Diseases. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16395-16412. [PMID: 38874120 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Oral health is the basis of human health, and almost everyone has been affected by oral diseases. Among them, endodontic disease is one of the most common oral diseases. Limited by the characteristics of oral biomaterials, clinical methods for endodontic disease treatment still face large challenges in terms of reliability and stability. The hydrogel is a kind of good biomaterial with an adjustable 3D network structure, excellent mechanical properties, and biocompatibility and is widely used in the basic and clinical research of endodontic disease. This Review discusses the recent advances in functional hydrogels for dental hard tissue and endodontic disease treatment. The emphasis is on the working principles and therapeutic effects of treating different diseases with functional hydrogels. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of hydrogels in oral clinical applications are discussed and proposed. Some viewpoints about the possible development direction of functional hydrogels for oral health in the future are also put forward. Through systematic analysis and conclusion of the recent advances in functional hydrogels for dental hard tissue and endodontic disease treatment, this Review may provide significant guidance and inspiration for oral disease and health in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixu Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
- Department of Endodontics in the first clinical division, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
| | - Ding Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Pingping Bao
- Department of Endodontics in the first clinical division, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Endodontics in the first clinical division, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
| | - Chaoge Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
- Department of Oramaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Meng
- Department of Endodontics in the first clinical division, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin 300041, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
| | - Heting Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
| | - Keqing Pan
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
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Shrestha B, Maria Rajan S, Aati S, Yusiharni E, Kujan O, Saunders M, Fawzy A. The Synergistic Effect of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound on In-vitro Remineralization of Tooth Enamel by Calcium Phosphate Ion Clusters. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:5365-5380. [PMID: 38859951 PMCID: PMC11164203 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s464998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Remineralization of dental enamel is an important intervention strategy for the treatment of demineralized lesions. Existing approaches have limitations such as failure to adequately reproduce both the ideal structural and mechanical properties of the native tooth. The ability of ultrasound to control and accelerate the crystallization processes has been widely reported. Therefore, a new approach was explored for in-vitro enamel remineralization involving the synergistic effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) coupled with calcium phosphate ion clusters (CPICs). Methods The demineralized enamel was treated with CPICs, with or without subsequent HIFU exposure for different periods (2.5, 5, and 10 min). The specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy. The surface hardness and crystallographic properties of the treated specimens were evaluated using Vickers microhardness testing and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Results SEM revealed distinct, organized, and well-defined prismatic structures, showing clear evidence of remineralization in the combined CPIC/HIFU treatment groups. AFM further revealed a decrease in the surface roughness values with increasing HIFU exposure time up to 5 min, reflecting the obliteration of interprismatic spaces created during demineralization. The characteristic Raman band at 960 cm-1 associated with the inorganic phase of enamel dominated well in the HIFU-treated specimens. Importantly, microhardness testing further demonstrated that new mineral growth also recovered the mechanical properties of the enamel in the HIFU-exposed groups. Critical to our aspirations for developing this into a clinical process, these results were achieved in only 5 min. Conclusion HIFU exposure can synergise and significantly accelerate in-vitro enamel remineralization process via calcium phosphate ion clusters. Therefore, this synergistic approach has the potential for use in future clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barsha Shrestha
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sheetal Maria Rajan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sultan Aati
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emielda Yusiharni
- UWA XRD Facility, Material & Environmental Analysis Platform, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Martin Saunders
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Amr Fawzy
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Zhang S, Xu W, Wu L, Li X, Liu X, Wu X, Wu G, Zheng S, Cao CY, Zhou Z, Wong HM, Zhang X, Li QL. Bottom-Up Assembling Hierarchical Enamel-Like Bulk Materials with Excellent Optical and Mechanical Properties for Tooth Restoration. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401095. [PMID: 38794821 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Enamel has good optical and mechanical properties because of its multiscale hierarchical structure. Biomimetic construction of enamel-like 3D bulk materials at nano-, micro-, mesh- and macro-levels is a challenge. A novel facile, cost-effective, and easy large-scale bottom-up assembly strategy to align 1D hydroxyapatite (HA) nanowires bundles to 3D hierarchical enamel structure with the nanowires bundles layer-by-layer interweaving orientation, is reported. In the strategy, the surface of oleate templated ultralong HA nanowires with a large aspect ratio is functionalized with amphiphilic 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP). Furtherly, the MDP functionalized HA nanowire bundles are assembled layer-by-layer with oriented fibers in a single layer and cross-locked between layers at a certain angle at mesoscale and macroscale in the viscous bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) ethanol solution by shear force induced by simple agitation and high-speed centrifugation. Finally, the excessive Bis-GMA and ethanol are removed, and (Bis-GMA)-(MDP-HA nanowire bundle) matrix is densely packed under hot pressing and polymerized to form bulk enamel-like materials. The composite has superior optical properties and comparable comprehensive mechanic performances through a combination of strength, hardness, toughness, and friction. This method may open new avenues for controlling the nanowires assembly to develop hierarchical nanomaterials with superior properties for many different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral Soft and Hard Tissues Restoration and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Hepin District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Wu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Leping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xingzi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Guomin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shunli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chris Ying Cao
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, 482082576, USA
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral Soft and Hard Tissues Restoration and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Hepin District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Quan-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
- The institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518172, China
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Agusmawanti P, Ratih DN, Purwanti N, Raharjo TJ. The Potential of QP3VH-Chitosan Peptide as Biomimetic Remineralization in Early Dental Caries Treatment: An In Vitro Study. Eur J Dent 2024. [PMID: 38759995 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The development of remineralization biomimetics using organic peptide molecules is expected to resemble the hydroxyapatite (HA) mineralization process in tooth enamel. The development of an amelogenin derivative peptide combined with antimicrobial peptide was designed, resulting in QP3VH. This combination then was mixed with chitosan as a carrier. This study aimed to evaluate the biomimetic efficacy of QP3VH as a remineralizing agent combined with chitosan. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty deciduous mandibular incisor enamel samples were used in this study. The artificial enamel lesions were created on a buccal surface and were randomly assigned to five groups of 10 each according to the remineralizing agent used: QP3VH, NaF, QP3VH + NaF, QP3VH + CS (QP3VH + chitosan), and saline distilled water (SDW). Each group was performed pH cycling for seven days. Enamel surface morphology and evaluation of mineral content Ca/P (calcium and phosphate) using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The assessment was carried out, after demineralization, and after application with remineralization agents. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance followed by least significance difference post-hoc test. The paired t-test was utilized to compare the demineralization and remineralization results. The significance level used was 95%. RESULTS The remineralized group exhibited a significant increase in calcium and phosphate content on the enamel surface (p <0.05), and QP3VH + CS produced the maximum Ca/P mass percent after remineralization. CONCLUSION Combining QP3VH with chitosan produces greatest remineralization than QP3VH, QP3VH + NaF, Naf, and SDW; therefore, QP3VH peptide has potential as a remineralizing agent, in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prima Agusmawanti
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Departement of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Indonesia
| | - Diatri Nari Ratih
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nunuk Purwanti
- Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Joko Raharjo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Essam Eliwa M, Mohamed Y, Hossam E. Enamel remineralisation prospect of Moringa Oleifera hydrogel, eggshell hydrogel versus sodium fluoride varnish on artificially demineralised primary teeth: in vitro study. Acta Odontol Scand 2024; 83:264-272. [PMID: 38709122 PMCID: PMC11302495 DOI: 10.2340/aos.v83.40623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present in vitro study is to investigate and compare the remineralising potential of Moringa Oleifera extract, eggshell, and sodium fluoride varnish on microhardness of artificially demineralised enamel of primary teeth with biomimetic minimally invasive approach following the world paradigm shift towards natural products in paediatric dentistry. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sample size included 44 primary molars. The mineral content and surface microhardness of all specimens were initially assessed using energy dispersive x-ray examination (EDX) and Vickers microhardness. The specimens were artificially demineralised for 96 h at a temperature of 37°C and then reassessed directly after demineralisation. The demineralised enamel specimens were randomly divided into four groups according to the remineralisation regimen utilised. Group 1: Artificial saliva (control); Group 2: Sodium fluoride varnish; Group 3: Eggshell hydrogel; and Group 4: Moringa Oleifera hydrogel. The specimens were stored for 8 days and then subsequently evaluated using EDX and microhardness assessment by Vickers microhardness test and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: Regarding the microhardness test, there was a significant difference between the Moringa Oleifera group and Eggshell group compared to fluoride varnish (p < 0.05). Regarding EDX analysis, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between Moringa Oleifera group and Eggshell group compared to fluoride varnish as the highest values were for Moringa Oleifera and Eggshell. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between Moringa Oleifera and Eggshell in both the measurements. CONCLUSION Moringa Oleifera and Eggshell might be considered as a biomimetic natural material capable of guiding enamel tissue remineralisation in early carious lesion of primary teeth. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This research demonstrated the capability for early enamel caries to be remineralised using novel materials with a naturally counterpart implicated in biomineralisation as proved to be more effective than traditionally used fluoride varnish in primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Essam Eliwa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yousra Mohamed
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Ehsan Hossam
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
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Chen K, Li KC, Ekambaram M, Zhang Y, Fu Y, Mei ML. Combined Effect of a Bioinspired Self-Assembling Peptide and Fluoride Varnish on Remineralisation of Artificial Early Enamel Caries Lesion: An in vitro Study. Caries Res 2024; 58:173-183. [PMID: 38402857 DOI: 10.1159/000537986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to investigate the remineralisation effect of combined use of a bioinspired self-assembling peptide (P26) and fluoride varnish on artificial early enamel caries lesions. METHODS Bovine enamel blocks with artificial early enamel caries lesions were prepared. The blocks were randomly allocated to four experimental groups to receive the following treatments: A = P26 + fluoride varnish, B = P26, C = fluoride varnish, and D. distilled water (negative control). The treated blocks were subjected to pH cycling. Enamel blocks were collected at time points of 7 days (d7) and 21 days (d21). The mineral gain, elemental analysis and crystal characteristics of the caries lesion were assessed by micro-computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. RESULTS The mean ± standard deviation of mineral gain of group A to D were 17.4 ± 4.2%, 10.7 ± 2.2%, 10.1 ± 1.2%, and 6.8 ± 0.5% at d7, respectively, and 15.2 ± 2.6%, 8.7 ± 3.1%, 9.7 ± 1.2%, and 7.8 ± 2.3% at d21, respectively. A significant higher mineral gain was observed in group A when compared to other groups at both d7 and d21 (p < 0.05). The calcium-to-phosphate ratio remained consistent across all groups, ranging between 1.2 and 1.4. XRD analysis indicated that crystal composition on the surfaces was apatite for all groups. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the present study provided a first indication of better remineralisation effects of the combined use of the bioinspired self-assembling peptide P26 and fluoride varnish compared to the effects of the respective individual uses of P26 or fluoride varnish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Chen
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kai Chun Li
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Manikandan Ekambaram
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ya Zhang
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yipeng Fu
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- The Fifth Outpatient Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - May Lei Mei
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Li Y, Liu M, Xue M, Kang Y, Liu D, Wen Y, Zhao D, Guan B. Engineered Biomaterials Trigger Remineralization and Antimicrobial Effects for Dental Caries Restoration. Molecules 2023; 28:6373. [PMID: 37687202 PMCID: PMC10489995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is the most prevalent chronic disease globally, significantly impacting individuals' quality of life. A key reason behind the failure of implanted restorations is their biological inactivity, meaning they are unable to form crosslinks with the surrounding tooth structures, thus making patients susceptible to implant loss and recurrent tooth decay. For the treatment of caries, antibacterial medicine and remineralization are effective means of treating the recurrence of caries. Owing to the rapid progression in the biomaterials field, several biomaterials have been reported to display antimicrobial properties and aid in dentin remineralization. Bioactive materials hold considerable potential in diminishing biofilm accumulation, inhibiting the process of demineralization, enabling dentin remineralization, and combating bacteria related to caries. Bioactive materials, such as fluoride, amorphous calcium phosphate, bioactive glass, collagen, and resin-based materials, have demonstrated their effectiveness in promoting dentin remineralization and exerting antibacterial effects on dental caries. However, the concentration of fluoride needs to be strictly controlled. Although amorphous calcium phosphate can provide the necessary calcium and phosphorus ions for remineralization, it falls short in delivering the mechanical strength required for oral mastication. Resin-based materials also offer different advantages due to the complexity of their design. In this review, we delve into the application of advanced bioactive materials for enhancing dentin remineralization and antibacterial properties. We eagerly anticipate future developments in bioactive materials for the treatment of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiao Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Minda Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Mingyu Xue
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Kang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Dongjuan Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Yan Wen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Duoyi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Boyu Guan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
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Korshunov AS, Vagner VD, Kuryatnikov KN, Serov DO, Torohov AL, Shykhalieva DD, Sarf EA, Bel'skaya LV. Infrared Spectroscopy to Analyze Sexual Dimorphism of Hard Dental Tissue Maturation at Eruption in Patients with Connective Tissue Dysplasia. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 77:457-469. [PMID: 36765457 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231160145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to research the biochemical changes in the hard tissues of the lower "wisdom" teeth, which are at the stage of eruption, with connective tissue dysplasia, depending on sex. The study involved 38 patients aged 17-25 years, who had the extraction of the lower third molars on the left and right for medical reasons. Twenty-one participants in the experiment (16 females, five males) were diagnosed with connective tissue dysplasia; the remaining 17 were healthy and made up the control group (11 females, six males). Samples of enamel, dentin, and enamel-dentin junction were dried to constant weight and examined in tablets pressed in a mixture with potassium bromide on an FT-801 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer (NPF Simex, Russia) in the range of 500-4000 cm-1. In the IR spectra of the enamel, enamel-dentin junction, and dentin, the absorbance ratio of amide I and II changed significantly and the absorbance of the absorption band of phosphate ions decreased from enamel to dentin. Differences between groups with and without connective tissue dysplasia increased in the following series: dentin, enamel-dentin junction, and enamel. With connective tissue dysplasia, a change in the ratio of the intensities of the absorption bands of amide I and phosphate ions was observed. Normally, the content of organic substances in the enamel of the teeth in the males group is lower than in the females group. Against the background of connective tissue dysplasia, the content of organic substances in the enamel in women decreased while in men it increased, which confirmed the presence of sexual dimorphism during the maturation of hard dental tissues at the eruption stage. The study confirms the opinion of many researchers about the significant role of collagen proteins, which, together with non-collagen proteins, are involved in the development and maturation of dental hard tissues, which are characterized by pronounced heterogeneity and sexual dimorphism in the group with connective tissue dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey S Korshunov
- Department of Dentistry, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir D Vagner
- Department of the Organization of the Dental Service, Licensing and Accreditation, Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill N Kuryatnikov
- Department of Dentistry, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitriy O Serov
- Department of Dentistry, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey L Torohov
- Department of Dentistry, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
| | | | - Elena A Sarf
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila V Bel'skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
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Lu X, Qu Y, Zhu T, Qu X, Zhang Z, Yu Y, Hao Y. Applications of photothermally mediated nanohybrids for white spot lesions in orthodontics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 225:113274. [PMID: 36989816 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
In orthodontic treatment, cariogenic bacteria in the oral cavity are the main cause of enamel white spot lesions (WSLs). Therefore, to effectively prevent and treat WSLs, it is crucial to inhibit the cariogenic bacterial activity while promoting the remineralization of demineralized tooth enamel. However, fluoride preparations commonly used for the prevention and treatment of WSLs can induce dental fluorosis if ingested in excess, and their remineralization effect is limited by the residual hydroxyapatite (HAp) content and salivary Ca2+ and PO43- levels. In this study, we propose a strategy (CMCS/ACP@PDA) for antibacterial and remineralization of WSLs by a nanohybrid of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) loaded polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) based on biomimetic remineralization techniques and biocompatible near-infrared (NIR) photoactivation therapy. The nanohybrid utilizes the excellent photothermal conversion ability of polydopamine for antimicrobial purposes, while CMCS with its own positive and negative charges (-NH3+ and -COO-) acts as a biomimetic mineralizing agent to stabilize ACP, supplemented with abundant Ca2+ and PO43- for remineralization of demineralized enamel. The results showed that CMCS/ACP@PDA could effectively inhibit the adhesion of cariogenic Streptococcus mutants (S. mutants) with high bactericidal rates. In addition, the remineralization of demineralized enamel by nanohybrid was more effective after 7 days of in vitro mineralization. This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the use of CMCS/ACP@PDA nanohybrid materials as potential materials against WSLs.
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Dawasaz AA, Togoo RA, Mahmood Z, Ahmad A, Thirumulu Ponnuraj K. Remineralization of Dentinal Lesions Using Biomimetic Agents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8020159. [PMID: 37092411 PMCID: PMC10123630 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this article was to systematically provide an up-to-date review on the different methods of remineralizing human dentine using different biomimetic agents. The authors performed a systematic search within PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science in addition to the grey literature in Google Scholar® using MeSH terms. The PICO question was P: human teeth dentinal sections; I: application of biomimetic remineralizing agents; C: other non-biomimetic approaches; O: extent of remineralization and physical properties of remineralized dentine. The initially identified studies were screened for titles and abstracts. Non-English articles, reviews, animal studies, studies involving the resin-dentine interface, and other irrelevant articles were then excluded. The other remaining full-text articles were retrieved. Bibliographies of the remaining articles were searched for relevant studies that could be included. A total of 4741 articles were found, and finally, 39 full-text articles were incorporated in the current systematic review. From these, twenty-six research studies used non-collagenous protein (NCP) analogs to biomineralize dentine, six studies used bioactive materials derived from natural sources, six studies used zinc hydroxyapatite, and one study used amelogenin peptide to induce hydroxyapatite formation on the surface of demineralized dentine. Additive effects of triclosan and epigenin were assessed when combined with commonly available NCPs. Overall, a moderate risk of bias was observed and, hence, the findings of the included studies could be acceptable. A meta-analysis of some similar studies was performed to assess the depth of remineralization and elastic modulus. Despite having high heterogeneity (I2 > 90), all the studies showed a significant improvement in biomimetic remineralization efficacy as compared to the control. All the included studies carried out a functional remineralization assessment and found a 90-98% efficacy in the extent of remineralization while the elastic modulus reached 88.78 ± 8.35 GPa, which is close to natural dentine. It is pertinent to note the limitations of these studies that have been carried out in vitro under controlled settings, which lack the effects of a natural oral environment. To conclude, the authors suggest that the biomimetic remineralization of dentine using NCP analogs, bioactive materials, and natural products carries significant potential in treating dentinal lesions; however, more long-term studies are needed to assess their clinical applications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Azhar Dawasaz
- Department of Diagnostic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rafi Ahmad Togoo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuliani Mahmood
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azlina Ahmad
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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11
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Xu Y, Guan J, Wang Q, Xue R, He Z, Lu X, Fan J, Yu H, Turghun C, Yu W, Li Z, Abay S, Chen W, Han B. Mussel-Inspired Caries Management Strategy: Constructing a Tribioactive Tooth Surface with Remineralization, Antibiofilm, and Anti-inflammation Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:15946-15964. [PMID: 36940092 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries is a common chronic oral disease in humans resulting from tooth demineralization caused by acid production of bacterial plaque, which leads to the destruction of enamel and dentin and oral inflammation. However, it is still a challenge that the function of natural active ingredients in currently available oral care products is not comprehensive, especially the lack of remineralization. Here, inspired by the strong biological adhesion ability of mussels and ancient oral disease plant therapy, a multifunctional strategy is proposed to construct a bioactive tooth surface to treat dental caries. It has been demonstrated that the Turkish gall extract (TGE) can inhibit adhesion of cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus and destroy biofilms on the tooth surface. Meanwhile, TGE can reduce the expression of inflammatory factors. Notably, the TGE coating can induce the growth of hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystals in vivo and in vitro, recovering the enamel mechanical properties under normal oral conditions. MD simulations interpreted the adsorption mechanism by which the hydroxyl groups in TGE bind to phosphate group (PO43-) on the tooth surface, attracting calcium ions (Ca2+) as nucleation sites for remineralization. This work underlines the importance of TGE coating in remineralization, antibiofilm, and anti-inflammation activity as a promising strategy for dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Rui Xue
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhirong He
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jingmin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Chimengul Turghun
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhijian Li
- Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Uygur Medicine, Urumqi 830049, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Sirapil Abay
- Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Uygur Medicine, Urumqi 830049, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Wen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Bo Han
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources Ministry of Education, Shihezi University College of Pharmacy, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, P. R. China
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12
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Gotnayer L, Aranovich D, Fraenkel M, Yoel U, Vidavsky N. Zinc in microscopic calcifications isolated from thyroid fine needle aspiration may serve as a biomarker of thyroid nodule malignancy: A promising proof-of-concept. Acta Biomater 2023; 161:275-284. [PMID: 36931418 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid nodules (TNs) are common neck ultrasonography (US) findings, yet only 5-10% of these nodules harbor thyroid cancer (TC). When US characteristics are consistent with an intermediate or high suspicion for TN malignancy, fine needle aspiration for cytology (FNAC) is indicated. The main limitation of FNAC is that cytological results can be indeterminate in up to 30% of cases, necessitating reevaluation through repeated FNAC, expensive molecular testing, or diagnostic thyroid lobe resection. As such, there is a need for further refinement of current diagnostic algorithms for TNs without subjecting patients to additional invasive procedures. As calcifications detected during thyroid US are considered a high-risk feature for malignancy, we used the material remaining following routine thyroid FNAC to isolate microscopic calcifications (MCs). We then characterized the elemental composition, morphology, and crystal phases of these MCs, ultimately revealing differences between the MCs from benign and malignant TNs. Specifically, thyroid MCs were identified as calcium phosphate crystals containing varying levels of magnesium, sodium, iron, and zinc. MCs obtained from malignant TNs, mainly papillary thyroid carcinoma, were composed of sub-micrometer spherical particles, whereas MCs from benign TNs consisted of faceted particles. While samples from most patients with a final diagnosis of malignant TNs (50% of them with indeterminate cytology) harbored zinc-containing MCs, zinc was largely absent in MCs from benign TNs (23% with indeterminate or non-diagnostic cytology). Together, these data suggest that the presence of zinc in MCs isolated from samples collected during routine FNAC may potentially offer value as a biomarker of TN malignancy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As up to 40% of patients assessed for thyroid malignancy do not receive a definite diagnosis following thyroid nodule (TN) fine needle aspiration (FNA), there is a pressing need to improve the accuracy of current diagnostic algorithms. Chemical analyses of microscopic calcifications (MCs) may serve as a diagnostic target. We developed a straightforward protocol to chemically characterize MCs from excess material collected from TNs during routine FNA and found that these MCs differed between benign and malignant TNs. Specifically, zinc in TN-derived MCs may indicate a higher nodule malignancy risk, thus increasing the diagnostic accuracy of the FNA procedure, reducing the need for recurrent biopsies and diagnostic surgical procedures, and decreasing the costs, uncertainty, and stress faced by affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotem Gotnayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Dina Aranovich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Merav Fraenkel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Endocrinology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Uri Yoel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Endocrinology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Netta Vidavsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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13
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Wang Y, Xiong K, Chen X, Chi Y, Han Q, Zou L. The remineralization effect of GERM CLEAN on early human enamel caries lesions in vitro. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4178. [PMID: 36914750 PMCID: PMC10011381 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the remineralization effect of GERM CLEAN, a novel antibacterial peptide, on early enamel caries. Thirty human enamel blocks from thirty teeth were randomly divided into three groups: double distilled water (DDW group), GERM CLEAN (GC group), and 1000 ppm fluoride (NaF group). Specimens were demineralized for 3 days (pH 4.6) followed by pH cycling twice daily for 14 days. For a pH cycle, specimens received corresponding treatments for 5 min, then were immersed in demineralizing solution for 1 h, received corresponding treatments again, and finally were immersed in remineralizing solution (pH 7.0) for approximately 11 h. Specimens were washed with DDW after each treatment. Microindentation tests, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transverse micro-radiography (TMR) were conducted to analyze enamel blocks. GC demonstrated a lower percentage of surface microhardness recovery (SMHR%) (p < 0.0001), rougher surfaces (p < 0.0001), deeper lesion depth (p = 0.001), and more mineral loss (p = 0.001) than NaF, but showed higher SMHR% (p < 0.0001), smoother surfaces (p < 0.0001), shallower lesion depth (p = 0.049), and less mineral loss (p = 0.001) than DDW. As a result, GERM CLEAN has the potential to promote the remineralization of demineralized enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kaixin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yaqi Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Imran E, Cooper PR, Ratnayake J, Ekambaram M, Mei ML. Potential Beneficial Effects of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Caries Lesions In Vitro-A Review of the Literature. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11020040. [PMID: 36826185 PMCID: PMC9955150 DOI: 10.3390/dj11020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is one of the most common human diseases which can occur in both primary and permanent dentitions throughout the life of an individual. Hydroxyapatite is the major inorganic component of human teeth, consequently, nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHAP) has recently attracted researchers' attention due to its unique properties and potential for caries management. This article provides a contemporary review of the potential beneficial effects of nHAP on caries lesions demonstrated in in vitro studies. Data showed that nHAP has potential to promote mineralization in initial caries, by being incorporated into the porous tooth structure, which resulted from the caries process, and subsequently increased mineral content and hardness. Notably, it is the particle size of nHAP which plays an important role in the mineralization process. Antimicrobial effects of nHAP can also be achieved by metal substitution in nHAP. Dual action property (mineralizing and antimicrobial) and enhanced chemical stability and bioactivity of nHAP can potentially be obtained using metal-substituted fluorhydroxyapatite nanoparticles. This provides a promising synergistic strategy which should be explored in further clinical research to enable the development of dental therapeutics for use in the treatment and management of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisha Imran
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamabad Medical and Dental College, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Paul R. Cooper
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Correspondence: (P.R.C.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Jithendra Ratnayake
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Manikandan Ekambaram
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - May Lei Mei
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Correspondence: (P.R.C.); (M.L.M.)
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15
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Biomimetic Construction of the Enamel-like Hierarchical Structure. Chem Res Chin Univ 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-023-2336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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16
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Sugaya H, Kurashige Y, Suzuki K, Sakakibara S, Fujita Y, Islam ST, Nezu T, Ito S, Abiko Y, Saitoh M. Regaining enamel color quality using enamel matrix derivative. Med Mol Morphol 2023; 56:116-127. [PMID: 36622467 PMCID: PMC10188587 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-022-00346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to demonstrate and compare the accuracy of tooth shade selection due to the remineralized enamel crystal with enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in vitro. Etched enamel slices were immersed in four types of mineralization buffers for 16 h. Sodium fluoride (NaF) was added to final concentrations of 1-100 ppm with the mineralization buffer that demonstrated the highest mineralization efficiency. EMD was added to the mineralization buffer containing NaF to see if it has any remineralization capacities. The remineralized enamel crystal was analyzed by SEM and XRD. The tooth shade was evaluated by CIE L*a*b*. The results showed that, without NaF, plate-like nanocrystals were formed on the enamel surface, but with NaF, needle-like nanocrystals were formed. By adding EMD, a layer of well-compacted hydroxyapatite crystals was successfully precipitated onto the natural enamel surface. No significant differences were observed in the L* value of the mineralization surface pre-etching and after mineralization buffer containing NaF and EMD. A new method has been developed to recover the color quality of enamel, as well as to mineralize the tooth enamel by constructing hydroxyapatite crystals with mineralization buffers containing NaF and EMD on the etched tooth surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Sugaya
- Division of Pediatric, Dentistry School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kurashige
- Division of Pediatric, Dentistry School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Kai Suzuki
- Division of Pediatric, Dentistry School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Sayaka Sakakibara
- Division of Pediatric, Dentistry School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Yusuke Fujita
- Division of Pediatric, Dentistry School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Syed Taufiqul Islam
- Division of Pediatric, Dentistry School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Takashi Nezu
- Division of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ito
- Division of Dental Education Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Abiko
- Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Dentistry School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Masato Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric, Dentistry School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
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17
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Amaechi BT, Mohseni S, Dillow AM, Cvelich MH, Stevanovic A, Abah AI, Movaghari Pour F, Farah R, Kataoka Y, Restrepo MC, Zhang D, Leigh LE, Basilan J. Morphological and Elemental Evaluation of Investigative Mouthwashes to Repair Acid-Eroded Tooth Surface. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:1-11. [PMID: 36636574 PMCID: PMC9830078 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s390240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Erosive tooth wear (ETW) is characterized by subsurface demineralization and tooth substance loss with crater formation. Remineralization of subsurface demineralization has previously been demonstrated; however, repair of the eroded surface is still under investigation. This study investigated the effectiveness of mouthwashes containing hydrolyzed wheat protein (HWP) in repairing ETW through promotion of organized crystal growth. Methods Enamel Erosion was created on 210 enamel blocks by 10-minute demineralization in 1% Citric Acid (pH 3.5). Then, blocks were randomly assigned to seven groups (30/group); (A) 0.2% HWP, B) 1% HWP, (C) 2% HWP, (D) 1% HWP + 0.05% NaF, (E) Listerine™ mouthwash, (F) 0.02% NaF Crest™ Pro-health mouthwash and (G) artificial saliva (AS) only. Groups were subjected to daily pH-cycling consisting of one 5-minute erosive challenge with citric acid, three 1-minute mouthwash treatment periods, and then storage in AS for the rest of the time for 28 days. Treatment effects were assessed using SEM-EDX. Statistical analysis was by ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison. Results In groups exposed to HWP-containing mouthwashes, there was growth of fiber-like crystals that increased in packing density in a dose-dependent manner (0.2%, 1%, 2%) on the eroded enamel surfaces, with increased calcium and phosphate contents on the treated surfaces. The non-HWP-containing groups had the eroded surfaces covered by structureless deposit layer firmly attached to the surface. Conclusion Treating eroded enamel surface with HWP-containing mouthwash resulted in repair of the damaged tissue by formation of a protective layer of crystal deposits within and on the eroded enamel tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bennett Tochukwu Amaechi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA,Correspondence: Bennett Tochukwu Amaechi, Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA, Tel +1 210 567 3185, Email
| | - Sahar Mohseni
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andrew M Dillow
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mackenzie H Cvelich
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ana Stevanovic
- Kleberg Advanced Microscopy Center, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alphonsus Igoche Abah
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Fatemeh Movaghari Pour
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rayane Farah
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yuko Kataoka
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Maria Camila Restrepo
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Dennis Zhang
- Research & Development – Oral Care, BASF Corporation, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Joel Basilan
- Research & Development – Oral Care, BASF Corporation, Tarrytown, NY, USA
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18
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Proline-rich protein from S. mutans can perform a competitive mineralization function to enhance bacterial adhesion to teeth. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22250. [PMID: 36564474 PMCID: PMC9789152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A proline-rich region was found in Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) surface antigen I/II (Ag I/II). The functions of this region were explored to determine its role in the cariogenic abilities of S. mutans; specifically, the proline-rich region was compared with human amelogenin. The full-length amelogenin genes were cloned from human (AmH) and surface antigen I/II genes from S. mutans. Then, the genes expressed and purified. We analyzed the structure and self-assembly ability of AmH and Ag I/II, compared their capacities to induce mineralization, and assessed the adhesion ability of S. mutans to AmH- and Ag I/II-coated tooth slices. AmH formed ordered chains and net frames in the early stage of protein self-assembly, while Ag I/II formed irregular and overlapping structures. AmH induced mineralization possessed a parallel rosary structure, while Ag I/II-induced mineralization is rougher and more irregular. The S. mutans adhesion assay indicated that the adhesion ability S. mutans on the Ag I/II-induced crystal layer was significantly higher than that on the AmH-induced crystal layer. S. mutans' Ag I/II may have evolved to resemble human amelogenin and form a rougher crystal layer on teeth, which play a competitive mineralization role and promotes better bacterial adhesion and colonization. Thus, the cariogenic ability of S. mutans Ag I/II is increased.
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19
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Zhang YY, Li QL, Wong HM. Fabrication of Multilayered Biofunctional Material with an Enamel-like Structure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13810. [PMID: 36430289 PMCID: PMC9692533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is an environment with diverse bacteria; thus, antibacterial materials are crucial for treating and preventing dental diseases. There is a high demand for materials with an enamel-like architecture because of the high failure rate of dental restorations, due to the physical differences between dental materials and enamel. However, recreating the distinctive apatite composition and hierarchical architecture of enamel is challenging. The aim of this study was to synthesize a novel material with an enamel-like structure and antibacterial ability. We established a non-cell biomimetic method of evaporation-based bottom-up self-assembly combined with a layer-by-layer technique and introduced an antibacterial agent (graphene oxide) to fabricate a biofunctional material with an enamel-like architecture and antibacterial ability. Specifically, enamel-like graphene oxide-hydroxyapatite crystals, formed on a customized mineralization template, were assembled into an enamel-like prismatic structure with a highly organized orientation preferentially along the c-axis through evaporation-based bottom-up self-assembly. With the aid of layer-by-layer absorption, we then fabricated a bulk macroscopic multilayered biofunctional material with a hierarchical enamel-like architecture. This enamel-inspired biomaterial could effectively resolve the problem in dental restoration and brings new prospects for the synthesis of other enamel-inspired biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong 000000, China
| | - Quan Li Li
- Collage and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, No. 69, Meishan Road, Heifei 230000, China
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong 000000, China
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Bonchev A, Simeonov M, Shestakova P, Vasileva R, Titorenkova R, Apostolov A, Dyulgerova E, Vassileva E. Bioinspired Remineralization of Artificial Caries Lesions Using PDMAEMA/Carbomer/Calcium Phosphates Hybrid Microgels. Gels 2022; 8:gels8100681. [PMID: 36286182 PMCID: PMC9601719 DOI: 10.3390/gels8100681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent bacterium-caused chronic diseases affecting both adults and children worldwide. The development of new materials for enhancing its remineralization is one of the most promising approaches in the field of advanced dental materials as well as one of the main challenges in non-invasive dentistry. The aim of the present study is to develop novel hybrid materials based on (PDMAEMA)/Carbomer 940 microgels with in situ deposited calcium phosphates (CaP) and to reveal their potential as a remineralization system for artificial caries lesions. To this purpose, novel PDMAEMA/Carbomer 940 microgels were obtained and their core–shell structure was revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). They were successfully used as a matrix for in situ calcium phosphate deposition, thus giving rise to novel hybrid microgels. The calcium phosphate phases formed during the deposition process were studied by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy, however, due to their highly amorphous nature, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was the method that was able to provide reliable information about the formed inorganic phases. The novel hybrid microgels were used for remineralization of artificial caries lesions in order to prove their ability to initiate their remineralization. The remineralization process was followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopies and all these methods confirmed the successful enamel rod remineralization upon the novel hybrid microgel application. Thus, the study confirmed that novel hybrid microgels, which could ensure a constant supply of calcium and phosphate ions, are a viable solution for early caries treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bonchev
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, 1, G. Sofiiski Str., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Marin Simeonov
- Laboratory on Structure and Properties of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1, James Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Pavletta Shestakova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radosveta Vasileva
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, 1, G. Sofiiski Str., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rositsa Titorenkova
- Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 107, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Apostolov
- Laboratory on Structure and Properties of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1, James Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Dyulgerova
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, 1, G. Sofiiski Str., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Vassileva
- Laboratory on Structure and Properties of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1, James Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
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21
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Mohabatpour F, Chen X, Papagerakis S, Papagerakis P. Novel trends, challenges and new perspectives for enamel repair and regeneration to treat dental defects. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3062-3087. [PMID: 35543379 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00072e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dental enamel is the hardest tissue in the human body, providing external protection for the tooth against masticatory forces, temperature changes and chemical stimuli. Once enamel is damaged/altered by genetic defects, dental caries, trauma, and/or dental wear, it cannot repair itself due to the loss of enamel producing cells following the tooth eruption. The current restorative dental materials are unable to replicate physico-mechanical, esthetic features and crystal structures of the native enamel. Thus, development of alternative approaches to repair and regenerate enamel defects is much needed but remains challenging due to the structural and functional complexities involved. This review paper summarizes the clinical aspects to be taken into consideration for the development of optimal therapeutic approaches to tackle dental enamel defects. It also provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging acellular and cellular approaches proposed for enamel remineralization and regeneration. Acellular approaches aim to artificially synthesize or re-mineralize enamel, whereas cell-based strategies aim to mimic the natural process of enamel development given that epithelial cells can be stimulated to produce enamel postnatally during the adult life. The key issues and current challenges are also discussed here, along with new perspectives for future research to advance the field of regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohabatpour
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., S7N 5A9, SK, Canada. .,College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, S7N 5E4, SK, Canada
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., S7N 5A9, SK, Canada. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, S7N 5A9, SK, Canada
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., S7N 5A9, SK, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd B419, S7N 0 W8, SK, Canada
| | - Petros Papagerakis
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., S7N 5A9, SK, Canada. .,College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, S7N 5E4, SK, Canada
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22
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Diez-García S, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Amigo JM, Valiente M. Combination of Two Synchrotron Radiation-Based Techniques and Chemometrics to Study an Enhanced Natural Remineralization of Enamel. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5359-5366. [PMID: 35319204 PMCID: PMC8988122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The limitations to
assess dental enamel remineralization have been
overcome by a methodology resulting from the appropriate combination
of synchrotron radiation-based techniques on both, infrared microspectroscopy
and micro X-ray diffraction, with the help of specific data mining.
Since amelogenin plays a key role in modulating the mineralization
of tooth enamel, we propose a controlled ion release for fluorapatite
structural ions (Ca2+, PO43–, and F–, also including Zn2+) by using
weak acid and weak base ion-exchange resins in the presence of amelogenin
to remineralize the surface of etched teeth. This combination provides
the necessary ions for enamel remineralization and a guide for crystal
growth due to the protein. Remineralized tooth samples were analyzed
by applying the indicated methodology. The synchrotron data were treated
using principal component analysis and multivariate curve resolution
to analyze the mineral layer formed in the presence and absence of
amelogenin. The remineralizing treatment created a fluorapatite layer
free of carbonate impurities and with a similar orientation to that
of the natural enamel thanks to amelogenin contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Diez-García
- GTS Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - María-Jesús Sánchez-Martín
- GTS Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - José Manuel Amigo
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 15 48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Manuel Valiente
- GTS Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Xing H, Yang F, Sun S, Pan P, Wang H, Wang Y, Chen J. Green efficient ultrasonic-assisted extraction of abalone nacre water-soluble organic matrix for bioinspired enamel remineralization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 212:112336. [PMID: 35051793 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Reconstructing enamel-like hydroxyapatite structures on damaged teeth remains a great challenge in the materials science and dentistry due to its highly ordered hierarchical microstructure. Inspired by the mineralization of mollusk nacre in nature, abalone nacre water-soluble organic matrix (WSM) was isolated successfully though an ultrasonic-assisted water extraction (UWE) strategy with nondestructive activity and high-quality extraction for simulating the process of tooth hard tissue mineralization. Results showed that the UWE strategy significantly increased the protein yield from 7.60% to 9.60% and improved the polysaccharide yield from 2.59% to 3.34%, respectively, indicating its excellent extraction efficiency of WSM. Noteworthily, the smallest averaged particle size (~155 nm) of WSM were obtained at an ultrasound time of 6 h, whereas the highest absolute values (~ -32 mV) of zeta potential was produced. Moreover, it was proved that WSM could induce the growth of enamel-like hydroxyapatite crystals to further facilitate biomimetic remineralization of the demineralized enamel and restore its continuous and smooth surface structure in vitro. Besides, the hardness (4.37 ± 0.07 GPa) and modulus of elasticity (84.80 ± 1.49 GPa) of the WSM-repaired enamel was similar to that of native enamel, indicating superior mechanical properties after repair. Herein, it provides a promising green, efficient strategy for the remineralization of damaged enamel and high value utilization of waste abalone shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaran Xing
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Faming Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Shengjun Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, College of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China.
| | - Panpan Pan
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jingdi Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 265599, China.
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24
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He J, Yang J, Li M, Li Y, Pang Y, Deng J, Zhang X, Liu W. Polyzwitterion Manipulates Remineralization and Antibiofilm Functions against Dental Demineralization. ACS NANO 2022; 16:3119-3134. [PMID: 35060713 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization technology has become a trend for the arrest and prevention of dental caries. In particular, the bioactivity and ability to release large amounts of Ca2+ and PO43- ions make amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) for hard tissue remineralization are highly desired. However, the instability of ACP limits its clinical application. Under continuous bacterial challenge in the oral cavity, the currently developed ACP-based remineralization system lacks the ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Here, a dual-functional nanocomposite with antibiofilm and remineralization properties was designed by combining zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine acrylamide) (PCBAA) and ACP. The resulting nanocomposite was stable in solution for at least 3 days without any aggregation. The PCBAA/ACP nanocomposite exerted a significant inhibitory effect on the adhesion and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans and exhibited bactericidal activities under acidic conditions resulting from bacteria. Moreover, compared with fluoride, this nanocomposite demonstrated superior effects in promoting the remineralization of demineralized enamel and the occlusion of exposed dentinal tubules in vivo and in vitro. The present work provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the use of the PCBAA/ACP nanocomposite as a potential dual-functional agent for arresting and preventing caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang He
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jianhai Yang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Min Li
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yachong Li
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yanyun Pang
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jiayin Deng
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wenguang Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350 China
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25
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The power of weak ion-exchange resins assisted by amelogenin for natural remineralization of dental enamel: an in vitro study. Odontology 2022; 110:545-556. [PMID: 35147809 PMCID: PMC9170625 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00688-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to develop an innovative dental product to remineralize dental enamel by a proper combination of ion-exchange resins as controlled release of mineral ions that form dental enamel, in the presence of amelogenin to guide the appropriate crystal growth. The novel product proposed consists of a combination of ion-exchange resins (weak acid and weak base) individually loaded with the remineralizing ions: Ca2+, PO43- and F-, also including Zn2+ in a minor amount as antibacterial, together with the protein amelogenin. Such cocktail provides onsite controlled release of the ions necessary for enamel remineralization due to the weak character of the resins and at the same time, a guiding tool for related crystal growth by the indicated protein. Amelogenin protein is involved in the structural development of natural enamel and takes a key role in controlling the crystal growth morphology and alignment at the enamel surface. Bovine teeth were treated by applying the resins and protein together with artificial saliva. Treated teeth were evaluated with nanoindentation, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The innovative material induces the dental remineralization creating a fluorapatite layer with a hardness equivalent to sound enamel, with the appropriate alignment of corresponding nanocrystals, being the fluorapatite more acid resistant than the original mineral. Our results suggest that the new product shows potential for promoting long-term remineralization leading to the inhibition of caries and protection of dental structures.
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26
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Application of Selected Biomaterials and Stem Cells in the Regeneration of Hard Dental Tissue in Paediatric Dentistry-Based on the Current Literature. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123374. [PMID: 34947723 PMCID: PMC8709498 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the development of the use of biomaterials and their application in medicine is causing rapid changes in the fields of regenerative dentistry. Each year, new research studies allow for the discovery of additional possibilities of dental tissue restoration. The structure and functions of teeth are complex. They consist of several diverse tissues that need to act together to ensure the tooth’s function and durability. The integrity of a tooth’s enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissue allows for successful mastication. Biomaterials that are needed in dentistry must withstand excessive loading forces, be biocompatible with the hosts’ tissues, and stable in the oral cavity environment. Moreover, each tooth’s tissue, as well as aesthetic qualities in most cases, should closely resemble the natural dental tissues. This is why tissue regeneration in dentistry is such a challenge. This scientific research focuses on paediatric dentistry, its classification of caries, and the use of biomaterials in rebuilding hard dental tissues. There are several methods described in the study, including classical conservative methods such as caries infiltration or stainless-steel crowns. Several clinical cases are present, allowing a reader to better understand the described methods. Although the biomaterials mentioned in this work are artificial, there is currently ongoing research regarding clinical stem cell applications, which have a high potential for becoming one of the most common techniques of lost dental-tissue regeneration in the near future. The current state of stem cell development is mentioned, as well as the various methods of its possible application in dentistry.
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27
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Effect of Amelogenin Solution in the Microhardness of Remineralized Enamel and Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:7025910. [PMID: 34754308 PMCID: PMC8572611 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7025910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the microhardness of tooth enamel remineralized with enamel matrix protein solution as well as the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to this surface. Materials and Methods In total, 24 human premolars were selected and divided into 3 experimental groups (n = 8): SE—sound enamel, DE—demineralized enamel, and TE—demineralized enamel treated with amelogenin solution. Samples from DE and TE groups were subjected to pH cycling to induce initial artificial caries lesion. TE group was treated with amelogenin solution. Samples were placed in artificial saliva for 7 days. Knoop microhardness was measured before any intervention (T0), after pH cycling (T1) and after amelogenin solution treatment application (T2). Twenty-four hours after ceramic orthodontic brackets were bonded, samples were subjected to shear test in a universal testing machine. Microhardness and shear measurement distributions were subjected to Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality test, which was followed by parametric tests (α = 0.05): 2-way analysis of variance (factors: enamel condition × treatment) and Tukey posttest for all three groups (SE, DE, and TE) in T0 and T2 for microhardness; analysis of variance and Tukey's test, for shear bond strength test. Results Means recorded for Knoop microhardness in T2, for the SE (366.7 KHN) and TE (342.8 KHN) groups, were significantly higher than those recorded for the DE group (263.5 KHN). The shear bond strength of the SE (15.44 MPa) and TE (14.84 MPa) groups statistically differed from that of the DE group (11.95 MPa). Conclusion In vitro demineralized enamel treatment with amelogenin solution was capable of taking samples' hardness back to levels similar to those observed for sound enamel. The shear bond strength on the enamel subjected to this treatment was similar to that observed for healthy enamel and higher than that observed for demineralized enamel.
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28
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Grohe B, Mittler S. Advanced non-fluoride approaches to dental enamel remineralization: The next level in enamel repair management. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2021; 4:100029. [PMID: 36824571 PMCID: PMC9934497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern dentistry, a minimally invasive management of early caries lesions or early-stage erosive tooth wear (ETW) with synthetic remineralization systems has become indispensable. In addition to fluoride, which is still the non-plus-ultra in these early caries/ETW treatments, a number of new developments are in the test phase or have already been commercialized. Some of these systems claim that they are comparable or even superior to fluoride in terms of their ability to remineralize enamel. Besides, their use can help avoid some of the risks associated with fluoride and support treatments of patients with a high risk of caries. Two individual non-fluoride systems can be distinguished; intrinsic and extrinsic remineralization approaches. Intrinsic (protein/peptide) systems adsorb to hydroxyapatite crystals/organics located within enamel prisms and accumulate endogenous calcium and phosphate ions from saliva, which ultimately leads to the re-growth of enamel crystals. Extrinsic remineralization systems function on the basis of the external (non-saliva) supply of calcium and phosphate to the crystals to be re-grown. This article, following an introduction into enamel (re)mineralization and fluoride-assisted remineralization, discusses the requirements for non-fluoride remineralization systems, particularly their mechanisms and challenges, and summarizes the findings that underpin the most promising advances in enamel remineralization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Grohe
- Lawson Health Research Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital, London, ON, N6A 4V2 Canada,Corresponding author at: 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada.
| | - Silvia Mittler
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7 Canada,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9 Canada
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Assarzadeh H, Karrabi M, Fekrazad R, Tabarraei Y. Effect of Er:YAG Laser Irradiation and Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride Therapy on Re-Mineralization of White Spot Lesions. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2021; 22:153-161. [PMID: 34514061 PMCID: PMC8417547 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2020.86300.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Statement of the Problem: Studies on the efficacy of erbium laser for enhancement of enamel resistance to acid attacks and its effects on fluoride uptake by the enamel are limited. Purpose: This study sought to assess and compare the effects of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation and application of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel
(alone and in combination) on remineralization of artificial white spot lesions (WSLs). Materials and Method: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 90 buccal and lingual slabs of extracted human premolars. The specimens underwent pH cycling to induce WSLs. They were then randomly
divided into 6 groups of caries-free positive control (c+), negative control with WSLs (ws), 1.23% APF gel applied on the enamel (F), Er:YAG laser irradiation (80 mJ, 10 Hz, and 8 J/cm2)
of enamel (L), APF gel application followed by laser irradiation (FL), and laser irradiation followed by fluoride gel application (LF). The fluoride ion content of specimens was
measured before and after the intervention using a potentiometer. Data were analyzed by ANOVA (p< 0.05). Results: APF gel application before/after laser irradiation maximally increased the fluoride uptake by the enamel (p= 0.000). Application of APF gel in group F and laser irradiation in
group L increased fluoride uptake by the enamel, compared with groups 1 and 2 (p= 0.000). Laser- treated (L) and APF-treated (F) groups had no significant difference in this respect
(p= 0.945). Maximum fluoride concentration was noted in combined laser and fluoride groups (FL=332.07ppm and LF=341.27ppm) with no significant difference between the two (p= 1.000). Conclusion: Er:YAG laser irradiation changes the chemical composition of enamel and probably promote its remineralization, especially when combined with APF gel application,
which highlights its cariostatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Assarzadeh
- Dept. of Oral and Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Malihe Karrabi
- Dept. of Oral and Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Dept. of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Laser Research Center In Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Radiation Science Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Science, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), University Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Tabarraei
- Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wong HM, Zhang YY, Li QL. An enamel-inspired bioactive material with multiscale structure and antibacterial adhesion property. Bioact Mater 2021; 7:491-503. [PMID: 34466748 PMCID: PMC8379364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional dental materials lack of the hierarchical architecture of enamel that exhibits excellent intrinsic-extrinsic mechanical properties. Moreover, restorative failures frequently occur due to physical and chemical mismatch between artificial materials and native dental hard tissue followed by recurrent caries which is caused by sugar-fermenting, acidogenic bacteria invasion of the defective cite. In order to resolve the limitations of the conventional dental materials, the aim of this study was to establish a non-cell-based biomimetic strategy to fabricate a novel bioactive material with enamel-like structure and antibacterial adhesion property. The evaporation-based, bottom-up and self-assembly method with layer-by-layer technique were used to form a large-area fluorapatite crystal layer containing antibacterial components. The multilayered structure was constructed by hydrothermal growth of the fluorapatite crystal layer and highly conformal adsorption to the crystal surface of a polyelectrolyte matrix film. Characterization and mechanical assessment demonstrated that the synthesized bioactive material resembled the native enamel in chemical components, mechanical properties and crystallographic structure. Antibacterial and cytocompatibility evaluation demonstrated that this material had the antibacterial adhesion property and biocompatibility. In combination with the molecular dynamics simulations to reveal the effects of variables on the crystallization mechanism, this study brings new prospects for the synthesis of enamel-inspired materials. A simple chemistry approach was offered to synthesize a enamel-like material without using cells or proteins. A macroscopic bioactive material resembled the native enamel with the antibacterial adhension propery was fabricated. Combining experiments and molecular dynamics simulations revealed effects of variables on the crystallization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Ming Wong
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Yuan Zhang
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong
| | - Quan Li Li
- Collage and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, No. 69, Meishan Road, Heifei, China
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31
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A Chitosan-Agarose Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel for Biomimetic Remineralization of Dental Enamel. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081137. [PMID: 34439803 PMCID: PMC8392529 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing multifunctional systems for the biomimetic remineralization of human enamel is a challenging task, since hydroxyapatite (HAP) rod structures of tooth enamel are difficult to replicate artificially. The paper presents the first report on the simultaneous use of chitosan (CS) and agarose (A) in a biopolymer-based hydrogel for the biomimetic remineralization of an acid-etched native enamel surface during 4–10-day immersion in artificial saliva with or without (control group) fluoride. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests were applied to investigate the properties of the acid-etched and remineralized dental enamel layers under A and CS-A hydrogels. The results show that all biomimetic epitaxial reconstructed layers consist mostly of a similar hierarchical HAP structure to the native enamel from nano- to microscale. An analogous Ca/P ratio (1.64) to natural tooth enamel and microhardness recovery of 77.4% of the enamel-like layer are obtained by a 7-day remineralization process in artificial saliva under CS-A hydrogels. The CS component reduced carbonation and moderated the formation of HAP nanorods in addition to providing an extracellular matrix to support growing enamel-like structures. Such activity lacked in samples exposed to A-hydrogel only. These data suggest the potential of the CS-A hydrogel in guiding the formation of hard tissues as dental enamel.
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Fang Z, Guo M, Zhou Q, Li Q, Wong HM, Cao CY. Enamel-like tissue regeneration by using biomimetic enamel matrix proteins. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:2131-2141. [PMID: 34111481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Enamel regeneration currently -is limited by our inability to duplicate artificially its complicated and well-aligned hydroxyapatite structure. The initial formation of enamel occurs in enamel organs where the ameloblasts secret enamel extracellular matrix formed a unique gel-like microenvironment. The enamel extracellular matrix is mainly composed by amelogenin and non-amelogenin. In this study, an innovative strategy was proposed to regenerate enamel-like tissue by constructing a microenvironment using biomimetic enamel matrix proteins (biomimetic EMPs) composed of modified leucine-rich amelogenin peptide (mLRAP) and non-amelogenin analog (NAA). Impressively, the regenerated enamel in this biomimetic EMPs on etched enamel surface produced prismatic structures, and showed similar mechanical properties to natural enamel. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that regenerated crystal was hydroxyapatite. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis showed the binding energy between mLRAP and NAA were electrostatic forces and Van der Walls. These results introduced a promising strategy to induce crystal growth of enamel-like hydroxyapatite for biomimetic reproduction of materials with complicated hierarchical microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Fang
- Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab.of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mengxi Guo
- Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab.of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qingli Zhou
- Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab.of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Quanli Li
- Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab.of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong
| | - Chris Ying Cao
- Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab.of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Geng S, Lei Y, Snead ML. Minimal amelogenin domain for enamel formation. JOM (WARRENDALE, PA. : 1989) 2021; 73:1696-1704. [PMID: 34456537 PMCID: PMC8386916 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-021-04687-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Amelogenin is the most abundant matrix protein guiding hydroxyapatite formation in enamel, the durable bioceramic tissue that covers vertebrate teeth. Here, we sought to refine structure-function for an amelogenin domain based on in vitro data showing a 42 amino acid amelogenin-derived peptide (ADP7) mimicked formation of hydroxyapatite similar to that observed for the full-length mouse 180 amino acid protein. In mice, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to express only ADP7 by the native amelogenin promoter. Analysis revealed ADP7 messenger RNA expression in developing mouse teeth with the formation of a thin layer of enamel. In vivo, ADP7 peptide partially replaced the function of the full-length amelogenin protein and its several protein isoforms. Protein structure-function relationships identified through in vitro assays can be deployed in whole model animals using CRISPR-Cas9 to validate function of a minimal protein domain to be translated for clinical use as an enamel biomimetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Geng
- The University of Southern California, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China, 201210
| | - Yaping Lei
- The University of Southern California, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Biology and Biologic Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Malcolm L Snead
- The University of Southern California, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Los Angeles, CA 90033
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Genovez-Júnior G, Paloco EAC, Berger SB, González AHM, Lopes MB, Amânicio DC, Guiraldo RD. Effect of Protein-Based Treatment on Chemical Composition, Hardness and Bond Strength of Remineralized Enamel. Braz Dent J 2021; 32:85-90. [PMID: 33914007 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202103438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the chemical composition and microhardness of human enamel treated with an Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMD) solution, and the bond strength between composite resin and this enamel. Thirty human enamel samples were randomly divided into three groups: Untouched Enamel (UE), Demineralized Enamel (DE) and Demineralized Enamel Treated with EMD (ET). DE and ET groups were subjected to acid challenge and ET treated with EMD (EMD was directly applied over conditioned enamel and left for 15 min). Samples from each group (n=4) had chemical composition assessed through to attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). Knoop microhardness of enamel samples from each group (n=10) was measured. For the microshear bond strength, the samples were etched for 30 s, and the adhesive was applied and cured for 10 s. Two matrixes were placed on the samples, filled with Filtek Z350 XT composite and cured for 20 s, each. The matrix was removed, and the microshear bond strength of each group (n=10) was tested. Data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis test (for microhardness), to analysis of variance and to Tukey's test (for microshear bond strength); (α=0.05). FTIR results have shown phosphate (hydroxyapatite indicator) in 900-1200 cm-1 bands in the UE and ET groups, which were different from the DE group. Microhardness and microshear analyses recorded higher statistical values for the UE and ET groups than for DE. EMD application to demineralized enamel seems to have remineralized the enamel; thus, the microhardness and bond strength was similar between UE and ET groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Genovez-Júnior
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNOPAR - Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Sandrine Bittencourt Berger
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNOPAR - Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Murilo Baena Lopes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNOPAR - Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Danil Guiraldo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNOPAR - Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Wang QQ, Wang S, Zhao T, Li Y, Yang J, Liu Y, Zhang H, Miao L, Sun W. Biomimetic oligopeptide formed enamel-like tissue and dentin tubule occlusion via mineralization for dentin hypersensitivity treatment. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 19:22808000211005384. [PMID: 33784188 DOI: 10.1177/22808000211005384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common oral disease with approximately 41.9% prevalence. Reconstruction of dental hard tissues is the preferred treatment for relieving DH. Here, we applied biomineralization method using oligopeptide simulating cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) to regenerate hard tissues on demineralized dentin. METHODS The self-assembly and biomineralization property of the oligopeptide were detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), circular dichroism spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Oligopeptide's binding capacity to demineralized dentin was evaluated by SEM and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Remineralization was characterized using SEM, ATR-FTIR, X-ray diffraction, and nanoindentation. Oligopeptide's biocompatibility was evaluated using periodontal ligament cells. RESULTS Oligopeptides self-assembled into nano-matrix and templated mineral precursor formation within 24 h. Moreover, oligopeptide nano-matrix bound firmly on demineralized dentin and resisted water rinsing. Then, bound nano-matrix served as a template to initiate nucleation and transformation of hydroxyapatite on demineralized dentin. After 96 h, oligopeptide nano-matrix regenerated an enamel-like tissue layer with a thickness of 15.35 μm, and regenerated crystals occluded dentin tubules with a depth of 31.27 μm. Furthermore, the oligopeptide nano-matrix had good biocompatibility when co-cultured with periodontal ligament cells. CONCLUSIONS This biomimetic oligopeptide simulating CEMP1 effectively induced remineralization and reconstructed hard tissues on demineralized dentin, providing a potential biomaterial for DH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siqing Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leiying Miao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weibin Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Stifler CA, Jakes JE, North JD, Green DR, Weaver JC, Gilbert PUPA. Crystal misorientation correlates with hardness in tooth enamels. Acta Biomater 2021; 120:124-134. [PMID: 32711081 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The multi-scale hierarchical structure of tooth enamel enables it to withstand a lifetime of damage without catastrophic failure. While many previous studies have investigated structure-function relationships in enamel, the effects of crystal misorientation on mechanical performance have not been assessed. To address this issue, in the present study, we review previously published polarization-dependent imaging contrast (PIC) maps of mouse and human enamel, and parrotfish enameloid, in which crystal orientations were measured and displayed in every 60-nm-pixel. By combining those previous results with the PIC maps of sheep enamel presented here we discovered that, in all enamel(oid)s, adjacent crystals are slightly misoriented, with misorientation angles in the 0°-30° range, and mean 2°-8°. Within this limited range, misorientation is positively correlated with literature hardness values, demonstrating an important structure-property relation, not previously identified. At greater misorientation angles 8°30°, this correlation is expected to reverse direction, but data from different non-enamel systems, with more diverse crystal misorientations, are required to determine if and where this occurs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We identify a structure-function relationship in tooth enamels from different species: crystal misorientation correlates with hardness, contributing to the remarkable mechanical properties of enamel in diverse animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cayla A Stifler
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Joseph E Jakes
- Forest Biopolymers Science and Engineering, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI 53726, United States
| | - Jamie D North
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton College, Northfield, MN 55057, United States
| | - Daniel R Green
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - James C Weaver
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Pupa U P A Gilbert
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Departments of Chemistry, Geoscience, Materials Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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Adhesion of Streptococcus mutans on remineralized enamel surface induced by poly(amido amine) dendrimers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 197:111409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wang Y, Hu D, Cui J, Zeng Y, Gan X, Chen Z, Ren Q, Zhang L. Unraveling the mechanism for an amelogenin-derived peptide regulated hydroxyapatite mineralization via specific functional domain identification. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10373-10383. [PMID: 33112349 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00949k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Amelogenin and its various derived peptides play important roles in promoting biomimetic mineralization of enamel. Previously, an amelogenin-derived peptide named QP5 was proved to be able to repair demineralized enamel. The objective here was to interpret the mechanism of QP5 by elucidating the specific function of each domain for further sequence and efficacy improvement. Peptide QP5 was separated into domains (QPX)5 and C-tail. (QPX)3 was also synthesized to investigate how QPX repeats affect the mineralization process. Circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that two (QPX) repeats adopted a β-sheet structure, while C-tail exhibited a disordered structure. (QPX)5 showed more absorption in confocal laser scanning microscopy observation and a higher K value in Langmuir adsorption isotherms compared to C-tail, while (QPX)3 with better hydropathy had greater adsorption capability than (QPX)5. Meanwhile, calcium consumption kinetics, transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction indicated that (QPX)5, C-tail and (QPX)3 had similar inhibitory effects on the spontaneous calcium consumption and the morphology of their nucleation products were alike, while QP5 had a greater inhibitory effect than them and induced elongated plate-like crystals. X-Ray diffraction further showed that both C-tail and (QPX)3 had greater potential in improving the apatite crystal orientation degree. In conclusion, (QPX)5 was the major adsorption region, both (QPX)5 and C-tail inhibited the nucleation, and C-tail contributed more to improve the HAP orientation degree, so QP5 could exert a significant remineralization effect. By reducing two repeats, (QPX)3 showed higher hydropathicity than (QPX)5 and achieved higher binding affinity, and it was more potential in improving the HAP orientation degree with lower economic cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. and Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Die Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. and Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yuhao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. and Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhongxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. and Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. and Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Hong DW, Lin XJ, Wiegand A, Yu H. Does delayed toothbrushing after the consumption of erosive foodstuffs or beverages decrease erosive tooth wear? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4169-4183. [PMID: 33052542 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Controversy exists regarding the effectiveness of delayed toothbrushing in decreasing erosive tooth wear (ETW). The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of delayed toothbrushing on ETW. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA statement and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020200463). PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched with no publication year limits. Screening and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. In situ and in vitro studies comparing ETW after delayed and immediate toothbrushing following an erosive attack were included. Review Manager software 5.3 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) was used for statistical analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochran Q test and I2 statistics. RESULTS Of the 565 potentially relevant studies, 26 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Twelve articles were included in the systematic review, and 11 were included in the qualitative analyses. No significant difference in the ETW of human enamel was observed between delayed and immediate toothbrushing (P = 0.13), whereas significantly less ETW of bovine enamel was observed after delayed toothbrushing (P < 0.001). No significant difference in the ETW of bovine dentin was observed between delayed and immediate toothbrushing (P = 0.34). Studies on human dentin were not available. Subgroup analyses revealed a significant contribution of the use of fluoridated toothpaste to decreasing the ETW of human enamel after erosion and toothbrush abrasion (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Bovine and human teeth behaved differently in response to erosion and toothbrush abrasion. Delayed toothbrushing after an erosive attack was not effective at decreasing the ETW of human enamel compared to immediate toothbrushing, whereas it was effective at decreasing the ETW of bovine enamel. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Delayed toothbrushing alone after the consumption of erosive foodstuffs or beverages is not capable of preventing erosive enamel wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Wei Hong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Jiao Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Annette Wiegand
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hao Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. .,Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yangqiao Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China.
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Two-in-one strategy: a remineralizing and anti-adhesive coating against demineralized enamel. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:27. [PMID: 32994399 PMCID: PMC7524769 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-020-00097-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth enamel is prone to be attacked by injurious factors, leading to a de/remineralization imbalance. To repair demineralized enamel and prevent pulp inflammation caused by biofilm accumulation, measures are needed to promote remineralization and inhibit bacterial adhesion on the tooth surface. An innovative material, poly (aspartic acid)-polyethylene glycol (PASP-PEG), was designed and synthesized to construct a mineralizing and anti-adhesive surface that could be applied to repair demineralized enamel. A cytotoxicity assay revealed the low cytotoxicity of synthesized PASP-PEG. Adsorption results demonstrated that PASP-PEG possesses a high binding affinity to the hydroxyapatite (HA)/tooth surface. In vitro experiments and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated a strong capacity of PASP-PEG to induce in situ remineralization and direct the oriented growth of apatite nanocrystals. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Vickers hardness tests demonstrated that minerals induced by PASP-PEG were consistent with healthy enamel in Ca/P ratio, crystal form and surface micro-hardness. Contact angle tests and bacterial adhesion experiments demonstrated that PASP-PEG yielded a strong anti-adhesive effect. In summary, PASP-PEG could achieve dual effects for enamel repair and anti-adhesion of bacteria, thereby widening its application in enamel repair.
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Wang D, Deng J, Deng X, Fang C, Zhang X, Yang P. Controlling Enamel Remineralization by Amyloid-Like Amelogenin Mimics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002080. [PMID: 32583928 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In situ regeneration of the enamel-like structure of hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals under oral conditions is significant for dental caries treatment. However, it is still a challenge for dentists to duplicate the elegant and well-aligned apatite structure bonding to the surface of demineralized enamel. A biocompatible amelogenin-inspired matrix, a phase-transited lysozyme (PTL) film mimicking an N-terminal amelogenin with central domain (N-Ame) combined with synthetic peptide (C-AMG) based on the functional domains of C-terminal telopeptide (C-Ame) is shown here, which is formed by amyloid-like lysozyme aggregation at the enamel interface through a rapid one-step aqueous coating process. In the PTL/C-AMG matrix, C-AMG facilitated the oriented arrangement of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanoparticles and their transformation to ordered enamel-like HAp crystals, while PTL served as a strong interfacial anchor to immobilize the C-AMG peptide and PTL/C-AMG matrix on versatile substrate surfaces. PTL/C-AMG film-coated enamel induced both of the in vivo and in vitro synthesis of HAp crystals, facilitated epitaxial growth of HAp crystals and recovered the highly oriented structure and mechanical properties to levels nearly identical to those of natural enamel. This work underlines the importance of amyloid-like protein aggregates in the biomineralization of enamel, providing a promising strategy for treating dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Jingjing Deng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 30070, China
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, 22 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Changqing Fang
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
- The Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 30070, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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Wang S, Zhang L, Chen W, Jin H, Zhang Y, Wu L, Shao H, Fang Z, He X, Zheng S, Cao CY, Wong HM, Li Q. Rapid regeneration of enamel-like-oriented inorganic crystals by using rotary evaporation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 115:111141. [PMID: 32600729 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Enamel, the hardest tissue in the human body, has excellent mechanical properties, mainly due to its highly ordered spatial structure. Fabricating enamel-like structure is still a challenge today. In this work, a simple and highly efficient method was introduced, using the silk fibroin as a template to regulate calcium- and phosphate- supersaturated solution to regenerate enamel-like hydroxyapatite crystals on various substrates (enamel, dentin, titanium, and polyethylene) under rotary evaporation. The enamel-like zinc oxide nanorod array structure was also successfully synthesized using the aforementioned method. This strategy provides a new approach to design and fabricate mineral crystals with particular orientation coatings for materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengrui Wang
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wendy Chen
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huimin Jin
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Leping Wu
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hui Shao
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zehui Fang
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaoxue He
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shunli Zheng
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chris Ying Cao
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Quanli Li
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Zhang J, Wang J, Ma C, Lu J. Hydroxyapatite Formation Coexists with Amyloid-like Self-Assembly of Human Amelogenin. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2946. [PMID: 32331340 PMCID: PMC7216246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth enamel is formed in an extracellular environment. Amelogenin, the major component in the protein matrix of tooth enamel during the developing stage, could assemble into high molecular weight structures, regulating enamel formation. However, the molecular structure of amelogenin protein assembly at the functional state is still elusive. In this work, we found that amelogenin is able to induce calcium phosphate minerals into hydroxyapatite (HAP) structure in vitro at pH 6.0. Assessed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and 31P solid-state NMR (SSNMR) evidence, the formed HAP mimics natural enamel closely. The structure of amelogenin protein assembly coexisting with the HAP was also studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and XRD, indicating the β-amyloid structure of the protein. SSNMR was proven to be an important tool in detecting both the rigid and dynamic components of the protein assembly in the sample, and the core sequence 18EVLTPLKWYQSI29 was identified as the major segment contributing to the β-sheet secondary structure. Our research suggests an amyloid structure may be an important factor in controlling HAP formation at the right pH conditions with the help of other structural components in the protein assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (C.M.)
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (C.M.)
| | - Chengwei Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (C.M.)
| | - Junxia Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (C.M.)
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Figueiredo Macedo de Lima J, Aguiar Jordão Mainardi MDC, Puppin-Rontani RM, Pereira Rodrigues-Filho U, Suzy Liporoni PC, Calegaro ML, Rischka K, Baggio Aguiar FH. Bioinspired catechol chemistry for dentin remineralization: A new approach for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Dent Mater 2020; 36:501-511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Farooq I, Bugshan A. The role of salivary contents and modern technologies in the remineralization of dental enamel: a narrative review. F1000Res 2020; 9:171. [PMID: 32201577 PMCID: PMC7076334 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.22499.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human enamel once formed cannot be biologically repaired or replaced. Saliva has a significant role in remineralization of dental enamel. It not only has a buffering capacity to neutralize the oral cavity’s low pH generated after acidic encounters, but also acts as a carrier of essential ions, such as fluoride, calcium and phosphate, which have a positive role in enamel’s remineralization. This review discusses how salivary contents, like proteins and enzymes, have a natural role in enamel’s mineralization. In addition, the presence of ions, such as fluoride, calcium and phosphate, in saliva further enhances its capability to remineralize the demineralized enamel surface. The review further examines modern innovative technologies, based on biomimetic regeneration systems, including dentin phosphoproteins, aspartate-serine-serine, recombinant porcine amelogenin, leucine-rich amelogenin peptide and nano-hydroxyapatite, that promote enamel remineralization. Fluoride boosters like calcium phosphates, polyphosphates, and certain natural products can also play an important role in enamel remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Farooq
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Bugshan
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
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47
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Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Nakamura A, Hara T, Hayakawa S, Yoshida Y, Van Meerbeek B. Three-dimensional observation and analysis of remineralization in dentinal caries lesions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4387. [PMID: 32152430 PMCID: PMC7062784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The remineralization mechanism in dental caries lesions is not completely understood. This study reports on ultrastructural and chemical changes observed within arrested caries lesions. Carious human teeth were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and focused-ion-beam (FIB)-SEM. The crystals detected in the caries lesions were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), along with chemical element mapping using energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)-STEM. FIB-SEM 3D reconstructions revealed a severely damaged dentin surface abundantly covered by bacteria. Although the dentin tubules were clogged up to a depth of 100 μm, bacterial invasion into dentin tubules was not observed. TEM crystal analysis and EDS-STEM revealed the presence of Ca and P, as well as of Mg within the HAp crystals deposited inside the dentin tubules. It was concluded that extensive remineralization with deposition of Mg-HAp crystals had occurred in dentin tubules of caries-arrested dentin. Understanding the natural remineralization process is thought to be helpful for developing clinical biomimetic remineralization protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health Research Institute, 2217-14 Hayashi-Cho, Takamaysu, Kagawa, 761-0395, Japan. .,Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Nagaoka
- Okayama University Dental School, Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakamura
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Toru Hara
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hayakawa
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Biomaterials Laboratory, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Hokkaido University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Research, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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48
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Farooq I, Bugshan A. The role of salivary contents and modern technologies in the remineralization of dental enamel: a narrative review. F1000Res 2020; 9:171. [PMID: 32201577 PMCID: PMC7076334 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.22499.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Human enamel once formed cannot be biologically repaired or replaced. Saliva has a significant role in remineralization of dental enamel. It not only has a buffering capacity to neutralize the oral cavity's low pH generated after acidic encounters, but also acts as a carrier of essential ions, such as fluoride, calcium and phosphate, which have a positive role in enamel's remineralization. This review discusses how salivary contents, like proteins and enzymes, have a natural role in enamel's mineralization. In addition, the presence of ions, such as fluoride, calcium and phosphate, in saliva further enhances its capability to remineralize the demineralized enamel surface. The review further examines modern innovative technologies, based on biomimetic regeneration systems, including dentin phosphoproteins, aspartate-serine-serine, recombinant porcine amelogenin, leucine-rich amelogenin peptide and nano-hydroxyapatite, that promote enamel remineralization. Fluoride boosters like calcium phosphates, polyphosphates, and certain natural products can also play an important role in enamel remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Farooq
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Bugshan
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou R, Ni HJ, Peng JH, Liu N, Chen S, Shao JH, Fu QW, Liu JJ, Chen F, Qian QR. The mineralization, drug release and in vivo bone defect repair properties of calcium phosphates/PLA modified tantalum scaffolds. RSC Adv 2020; 10:7708-7717. [PMID: 35492178 PMCID: PMC9049840 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09385k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate based biomaterials have been widely studied in biomedical areas. Herein, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanospheres and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanorods were separately prepared and used for coating tantalum (Ta) scaffolds with a polymer of polylactide (PLA). We have found that different crystal phases of calcium phosphate coated on Ta scaffolds displayed different effects on the surface morphologies, mineralization and bovine serum albumin (BSA) release. The ACP-PLA and HA-PLA coated on Ta scaffold were more favorable for in vitro mineralization than bare and PLA coated Ta scaffolds, and resulted in a highly hydrophilic surfaces. Meanwhile, the osteoblast-like cells (MG63) showed favorable properties of adhesion and spreading on both ACP-PLA and HA-PLA coated Ta scaffolds. The ACP-PLA and HA-PLA coated Ta scaffolds showed a high biocompatibility and potential applications for in vivo bone defect repair. Calcium phosphate modified tantalum scaffolds displayed high performance on mineralization, sustained drug release and in vivo bone defect repair.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 P. R. China .,Department of Orthopaedics, 72nd Group Army Hospital of PLA No. 9 Chezhan Road, Wuxing District Huzhou 313000 P. R. China
| | - Hai-Jian Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200072 P. R. China
| | - Jin-Hui Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 P. R. China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 P. R. China
| | - Jia-Hua Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 P. R. China
| | - Qi-Wei Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200072 P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200072 P. R. China
| | - Qi-Rong Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 P. R. China
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50
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Zhou L, Wong HM, Zhang YY, Li QL. Constructing an Antibiofouling and Mineralizing Bioactive Tooth Surface to Protect against Decay and Promote Self-Healing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:3021-3031. [PMID: 31877018 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Numerous methods have been investigated to manage dental caries, one of the top three diseases threatening human health as reported by the World Health Organization. An innovative strategy was proposed to prevent dental caries and achieve self-healing of the decayed tooth, and a novel bioactive peptide was designed and synthesized to construct an antibiofouling and mineralizing dual-bioactive tooth surface. Compared to its original endogenous peptide, the synthesized bioactive peptide showed statistically significantly higher binding affinity to the tooth surface, stronger suppression of demineralization, and a certain promotion of tooth remineralization. The abilities of the peptide to inhibit Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm formation and S. mutans adhesion on the tooth surface were not affected after synthesis. Biocompatibility tests revealed the safety of the synthesized bioactive peptide. Interaction mechanisms between the synthesized bioactive peptide and tooth surface were also explained by molecular dynamic simulation analysis. In summary, the synthesized bioactive peptide could be applied safely to prevent dental caries and effectively induce in situ self-healing remineralization for treatment of the decayed tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR 999077 , China
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR 999077 , China
| | - Yu Yuan Zhang
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR 999077 , China
| | - Quan Li Li
- Department of Prosthodontic, College and Hospital of Stomatology , Anhui Medical University , Hefei 230000 , China
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