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Pawlak MR, Smiley AT, Ramirez MP, Kelly MD, Shamsan GA, Anderson SM, Smeester BA, Largaespada DA, Odde DJ, Gordon WR. RAD-TGTs: high-throughput measurement of cellular mechanotype via rupture and delivery of DNA tension probes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2468. [PMID: 37117218 PMCID: PMC10147940 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38157-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces drive critical cellular processes that are reflected in mechanical phenotypes, or mechanotypes, of cells and their microenvironment. We present here "Rupture And Deliver" Tension Gauge Tethers (RAD-TGTs) in which flow cytometry is used to record the mechanical history of thousands of cells exerting forces on their surroundings via their propensity to rupture immobilized DNA duplex tension probes. We demonstrate that RAD-TGTs recapitulate prior DNA tension probe studies while also yielding a gain of fluorescence in the force-generating cell that is detectable by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the rupture propensity is altered following disruption of the cytoskeleton using drugs or CRISPR-knockout of mechanosensing proteins. Importantly, RAD-TGTs can differentiate distinct mechanotypes among mixed populations of cells. We also establish oligo rupture and delivery can be measured via DNA sequencing. RAD-TGTs provide a facile and powerful assay to enable high-throughput mechanotype profiling, which could find various applications, for example, in combination with CRISPR screens and -omics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Pawlak
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adam T Smiley
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Maria Paz Ramirez
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marcus D Kelly
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ghaidan A Shamsan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sarah M Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - David J Odde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wendy R Gordon
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Norris EG, Pan XS, Hocking DC. Receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 is a functional αv-integrin agonist. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102922. [PMID: 36669646 PMCID: PMC9846890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the novel mutations distinguishing SARS-CoV-2 from similar coronaviruses is a K403R substitution in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike (S) protein within its S1 region. This amino acid substitution occurs near the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-binding interface and gives rise to a canonical RGD adhesion motif that is often found in native extracellular matrix proteins, including fibronectin. Here, the ability of recombinant S1-RBD to bind to cell surface integrins and trigger downstream signaling pathways was assessed and compared with RGD-containing, integrin-binding fragments of fibronectin. We determined that S1-RBD supported adhesion of fibronectin-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts as well as primary human small airway epithelial cells, while RBD-coated microparticles attached to epithelial monolayers in a cation-dependent manner. Cell adhesion to S1-RBD was RGD dependent and inhibited by blocking antibodies against αv and β3 but not α5 or β1 integrins. Similarly, we observed direct binding of S1-RBD to recombinant human αvβ3 and αvβ6 integrins, but not α5β1 integrins, using surface plasmon resonance. S1-RBD adhesion initiated cell spreading, focal adhesion formation, and actin stress fiber organization to a similar extent as fibronectin. Moreover, S1-RBD stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the adhesion mediators FAK, Src, and paxillin; triggered Akt activation; and supported cell proliferation. Thus, the RGD sequence of S1-RBD can function as an αv-selective integrin agonist. This study provides evidence that cell surface αv-containing integrins can respond functionally to spike protein and raises the possibility that S1-mediated dysregulation of extracellular matrix dynamics may contribute to the pathogenesis and/or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma G Norris
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Xuan Sabrina Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Denise C Hocking
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA.
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Sulfated alginate/polycaprolactone double-emulsion nanoparticles for enhanced delivery of heparin-binding growth factors in wound healing applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112105. [PMID: 34536674 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) that are not effectively treated could lead to partial or complete lower limb amputations. The lack of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) in DFUs results in limited matrix deposition and poor tissue repair. To enhance growth factor (GF) availability in DFUs, heparin (HN)-mimetic alginate sulfate/polycaprolactone (AlgSulf/PCL) double emulsion nanoparticles (NPs) with high affinity and sustained release of CTGF and IGF-I were synthesized. The NPs size, encapsulation efficiency (EE), cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and wound healing capacity in immortalized primary human adult epidermal cells (HaCaT) were assessed. The sonication time and amplitude used for NPs synthesis enabled the production of particles with a minimum of 236 ± 25 nm diameter. Treatment of HaCaT cells with up to 50 μg mL-1 of NPs showed no cytotoxic effects after 72 h. The highest bovine serum albumin EE (94.6 %, P = 0.028) and lowest burst release were attained with AlgSulf/PCL. Moreover, cells treated with AlgSulf/CTGF (250 ng mL-1) exhibited the most rapid wound closure compared to controls while maintaining fibronectin synthesis. Double-emulsion NPs based on HN-mimetic AlgSulf represent a novel approach which can significantly enhance diabetic wound healing and can be expanded for applications requiring the delivery of other HN-binding GFs.
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Ben Abla A, Boeuf G, Elmarjou A, Dridi C, Poirier F, Changotade S, Lutomski D, Elm’selmi A. Engineering of Bio-Adhesive Ligand Containing Recombinant RGD and PHSRN Fibronectin Cell-Binding Domains in Fusion with a Colored Multi Affinity Tag: Simple Approach for Fragment Study from Expression to Adsorption. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147362. [PMID: 34298982 PMCID: PMC8303147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering of biomimetic motives have emerged as promising approaches to improving cells’ binding properties of biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this study, a bio-adhesive ligand including cell-binding domains of human fibronectin (FN) was engineered using recombinant protein technology, a major extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that interacts with a variety of integrins cell-surface’s receptors and other ECM proteins through specific binding domains. 9th and 10th fibronectin type III repeat containing Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD) and Pro-His-Ser-Arg-Asn (PHSRN) synergic site (FNIII9-10) were expressed in fusion with a Colored Multi Affinity Tag (CMAT) to develop a simplified production and characterization process. A recombinant fragment was produced in the bacterial system using E. coli with high yield purified protein by double affinity chromatography. Bio-adhesive surfaces were developed by passive coating of produced fragment onto non adhesive surfaces model. The recombinant fusion protein (CMAT-FNIII9/10) demonstrated an accurate monitoring capability during expression purification and adsorption assay. Finally, biological activity of recombinant FNIII9/10 was validated by cellular adhesion assay. Binding to α5β1 integrins were successfully validated using a produced fragment as a ligand. These results are robust supports to the rational development of bioactivation strategies for biomedical and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Ben Abla
- EBInnov, Ecole de Biologie Industrielle, 49 Avenue des Genottes, 95000 Cergy, France; (A.B.A.); (G.B.); (C.D.)
- Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces URB2i, Université Paris Sorbonne Nord, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France; (F.P.); (S.C.); (D.L.)
| | - Guilhem Boeuf
- EBInnov, Ecole de Biologie Industrielle, 49 Avenue des Genottes, 95000 Cergy, France; (A.B.A.); (G.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Ahmed Elmarjou
- Plateforme de Production D’Anticorps et de Protéines Recombinantes, Institut Curie/CNRS UMR144, 75248 Paris, France;
| | - Cyrine Dridi
- EBInnov, Ecole de Biologie Industrielle, 49 Avenue des Genottes, 95000 Cergy, France; (A.B.A.); (G.B.); (C.D.)
- Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces URB2i, Université Paris Sorbonne Nord, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France; (F.P.); (S.C.); (D.L.)
| | - Florence Poirier
- Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces URB2i, Université Paris Sorbonne Nord, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France; (F.P.); (S.C.); (D.L.)
| | - Sylvie Changotade
- Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces URB2i, Université Paris Sorbonne Nord, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France; (F.P.); (S.C.); (D.L.)
| | - Didier Lutomski
- Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces URB2i, Université Paris Sorbonne Nord, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France; (F.P.); (S.C.); (D.L.)
| | - Abdellatif Elm’selmi
- EBInnov, Ecole de Biologie Industrielle, 49 Avenue des Genottes, 95000 Cergy, France; (A.B.A.); (G.B.); (C.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-85-76-66-90 or +33-1-85-76-67-16
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Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) circulating in the blood and produced by cells provides the basis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) formed in healing acute wounds. The time-dependent deposition of FN by macrophages, its synthesis by fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and later degradation in the remodeled granulation tissue are a prerequisite for successful healing of wounds. However, the pattern of FN expression and deposition in skin lesions is disturbed. The degradation of the ECM components including FN in varicose veins prevails over ECM synthesis and deposition. FN is inconspicuous in the fibrotic lesions in lipodermatosclerosis, while tenascin-C containing FN-like peptide sequences are prominent. FN is produced in large amounts by fibroblasts at the edge of venous ulcers but FN deposition at the wound bed is impaired. Both the proteolytic environment in the wounds and the changed function of the ulcer fibroblasts may be responsible for the poor healing of venous ulcers. The aim of this review is to describe the current knowledge of FN pathophysiology in chronic venous diseases. In view of the fact that FN plays a crucial role in organizing the ECM, further research focused on FN metabolism in venous diseases may bring results applicable to the treatment of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Kanta
- Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Zavadakova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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A Matricryptic Conformation of the Integrin-Binding Domain of Fibronectin Regulates Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-Induced Intracellular Calcium Release. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111351. [PMID: 31671632 PMCID: PMC6912537 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling is dysregulated in a wide variety of diseases, making PDGF an attractive therapeutic target. However, PDGF also affects numerous signaling cascades essential for tissue homeostasis, limiting the development of PDGF-based therapies that lack adverse side-effects. Recent studies showed that fibroblast-mediated assembly of extracellular matrix (ECM) fibronectin fibrils attenuates PDGF-induced intracellular calcium release by selectively inhibiting phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activation while leaving other PDGF-mediated signaling cascades intact. In the present study, a series of recombinant fibronectin-derived fusion proteins were used to localize the sequences in fibronectin that are responsible for this inhibition. Results demonstrate that attenuation of PDGF-induced intracellular calcium release by the fibronectin matrix mimetic, FNIII1H,8-10 requires α5β1 integrin ligation, but is not dependent upon the matricryptic, heparin-binding site of FNIII1. Intact cell-binding fibronectin fragments were also unable to attenuate PDGF-induced intracellular calcium release. In contrast, a novel integrin-binding fragment that adopts an extended and aligned conformational state, inhibited both PI3K activation and intracellular calcium release in response to PDGF. Taken together, these studies provide evidence that attenuation of PDGF-induced intracellular calcium release by fibronectin is mediated by a novel conformation of the α5β1 integrin-binding, FNIII9-10 modules, that is expressed by fibrillar fibronectin.
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Zhou Y, Shu C, Huang Y. Fibronectin promotes cervical cancer tumorigenesis through activating FAK signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:10988-10997. [PMID: 30977220 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix, and it is the fourth most common cause of death in women. Overexpression of fibronectin 1 (FN1) was observed in many tumors and associated with the survival and metastasis of cancer cells. However, the mechanism by which FN1 promotes cervical cancer cell viability, migration, adhesion, and invasion, and inhibits cell apoptosis through focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway remains to be investigated. Our results demonstrated that FN1 was upregulated in patients with cervical cancer and higher FN1 expression correlated with a poor prognosis for patients with cervical cancer. FN1 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited SiHa cell viability, migration, invasion, and adhesion, and promoted cell apoptosis. FN1 overexpression in CaSki cell promoted cell viability, migration, invasion, and adhesion, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Further, phosphorylation of FAK, a main downstream signaling molecule of FN1, and the protein expression of Bcl-2/Bax, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and N-cadherin was upregulated in CaSki cells with FN1 overexpression, but caspase-3 protein expression was downregulated. The FAK phosphorylation inhibitor PF573228 inhibited FN1 overexpression-induced expression of those proteins in CaSki cells with FN1 overexpression. In vivo experiment demonstrated that FN1 knockdown significantly inhibited FN1 expression, phosphorylation of FAK, and tumor growth in xenograft from the nude mice. These results suggest that FN1 regulates the viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and adhesion of cervical cancer cells through the FAK signaling pathway and is a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Changzhen Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Suzhou, China
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8
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Future Research Directions in the Design of Versatile Extracellular Matrix in Tissue Engineering. Int Neurourol J 2018; 22:S66-75. [PMID: 30068068 PMCID: PMC6077942 DOI: 10.5213/inj.1836154.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Native and artificial extracellular matrices (ECMs) have been widely applied in biomedical fields as one of the most effective components in tissue regeneration. In particular, ECM-based drugs are expected to be applied to treat diseases in organs relevant to urology, because tissue regeneration is particularly important for preventing the recurrence of these diseases. Native ECMs provide a complex in vivo architecture and native physical and mechanical properties that support high biocompatibility. However, the applications of native ECMs are limited due to their tissue-specificity and chemical complexity. Artificial ECMs have been fabricated in an attempt to create a broadly applicable scaffold by using controllable components and a uniform formulation. On the other hands, artificial ECMs fail to mimic the properties of a native ECM; consequently, their applications in tissues are also limited. For that reason, the design of a versatile, hybrid ECM that can be universally applied to various tissues is an emerging area of interest in the biomedical field.
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Kaiser A, Willer T, Steinberg P, Rautenschlein S. Establishment of an In Vitro Intestinal Epithelial Cell Culture Model of Avian Origin. Avian Dis 2017; 61:229-236. [DOI: 10.1637/11524-110216-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Kaiser
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hanover, Germany
| | - Thomas Willer
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hanover, Germany
| | - Pablo Steinberg
- Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, Building 123, 30173 Hanover, Germany
| | - Silke Rautenschlein
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hanover, Germany
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Zhang R, Wan Y, Ai X, Liu Z, Zhang D. Corrosion resistance and biological activity of TiO 2 implant coatings produced in oxygen-rich environments. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2016; 231:20-27. [PMID: 27881805 DOI: 10.1177/0954411916676507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The physical and chemical properties of bio-titanium alloy implant surfaces play an important role in their corrosion resistance and biological activity. New turning and turning-rolling processes are presented, employing an oxygen-rich environment in order to obtain titanium dioxide layers that can both protect implants from corrosion and also promote cell adhesion. The surface topographies, surface roughnesses and chemical compositions of the sample surfaces were obtained using scanning electron microscopy, a white light interferometer, and the Auger electron spectroscopy, respectively. The corrosion resistance of the samples in a simulated body fluid was determined using electrochemical testing. Biological activity on the samples was also analyzed, using a vitro cell culture system. The results show that compared with titanium oxide layers formed using a turning process in air, the thickness of the titanium oxide layers formed using turning and turning-rolling processes in an oxygen-rich environment increased by 4.6 and 7.3 times, respectively. Using an oxygen-rich atmosphere in the rolling process greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the resulting samples in a simulated body fluid. On samples produced using the turning-rolling process, cells spread quickly and exhibited the best adhesion characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- 1 Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Manufacturing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,2 College of Transportation, Ludong University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wan
- 1 Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Manufacturing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Ai
- 1 Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Manufacturing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanqiang Liu
- 1 Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Manufacturing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhang
- 3 Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Hocking DC, Brennan JR, Raeman CH. A Small Chimeric Fibronectin Fragment Accelerates Dermal Wound Repair in Diabetic Mice. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2016; 5:495-506. [PMID: 27867754 PMCID: PMC5105350 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2015.0666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: During wound repair, soluble fibronectin is converted into biologically active, insoluble fibrils via a cell-mediated process. This fibrillar, extracellular matrix (ECM) form of fibronectin stimulates cell processes critical to tissue repair. Nonhealing wounds show reduced levels of ECM fibronectin fibrils. The objective of this study was to produce a small, recombinant wound supplement with the biological activity of insoluble fibronectin fibrils. Approach: A chimeric fibronectin fragment was produced by inserting the integrin-binding Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) loop from the tenth type III repeat of fibronectin (FNIII10) into the analogous site within the heparin-binding, bioactive fragment of the first type III repeat (FNIII1H). FNIII1HRGD was tested for its ability to support cell functions necessary for wound healing, and then evaluated for its capacity to accelerate healing of full-thickness dermal wounds in diabetic mice. Results:In vitro, FNIII1HRGD supported cell adhesion, proliferation, and ECM fibronectin deposition. Application of FNIII1HRGD to dermal wounds of diabetic mice significantly enhanced wound closure compared with controls (73.9% ±4.1% vs. 58.1% ±4.7% closure on day 9, respectively), and significantly increased granulation tissue thickness (2.88 ± 0.75-fold increase over controls on day 14). Innovation: Recombinant proteins designed to functionally mimic the ECM form of fibronectin provide a novel therapeutic approach to circumvent diminished fibronectin fibril formation by delivering ECM fibronectin signals in a soluble form to chronic wounds. Conclusion: A small, chimeric fibronectin protein was developed. FNIII1HRGD demonstrated enhanced bioactivity in vitro and stimulated wound repair in a murine model of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise C. Hocking
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - James R. Brennan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Carol H. Raeman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
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12
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Okech W, Abberton KM, Kuebel JM, Hocking DC, Sarelius IH. Extracellular matrix fibronectin mediates an endothelial cell response to shear stress via the heparin-binding, matricryptic RWRPK sequence of FNIII1H. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H1063-H1071. [PMID: 27521419 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00126.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (EC) respond to mechanical forces such as shear stress in a variety of ways, one of which is cytoskeletal realignment in the direction of flow. Our earlier studies implicated the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin in mechanosensory signaling to ECs in intact arterioles, via a signaling pathway dependent on the heparin-binding region of the first type III repeat of fibrillar fibronectin (FNIII1H). Here we test the hypothesis that FNIII1H is required for EC stress fiber realignment under flow. Human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) exposed to defined flow conditions were used as a well-characterized model of this stress fiber alignment response. Our results directly implicate FNIII1H in realignment of stress fibers in HUVECs and, importantly, show that the matricryptic heparin-binding RWRPK sequence located in FNIII1 is required for the response. Furthermore, we show that flow-mediated stress fiber realignment in ECs adhered via α5β1-integrin-specific ligands does not occur in the absence of FHIII1H, whereas, in contrast, αvβ3-integrin-mediated stress fiber realignment under flow does not require FNIII1H. Our findings thus indicate that there are two separate mechanosignaling pathways mediating the alignment of stress fibers after exposure of ECs to flow, one dependent on αvβ3-integrins and one dependent on FNIII1H. This study strongly supports the conclusion that the RWRPK region of FNIII1H may have broad capability as a mechanosensory signaling site.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Okech
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York; and
| | - Keren M Abberton
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Julia M Kuebel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Denise C Hocking
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York; and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Ingrid H Sarelius
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York; and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
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13
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Brennan JR, Hocking DC. Cooperative effects of fibronectin matrix assembly and initial cell-substrate adhesion strength in cellular self-assembly. Acta Biomater 2016; 32:198-209. [PMID: 26712598 PMCID: PMC4754160 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The cell-dependent polymerization of intercellular fibronectin fibrils can stimulate cells to self-assemble into multicellular structures. The local physical cues that support fibronectin-mediated cellular self-assembly are largely unknown. Here, fibronectin matrix analogs were used as synthetic adhesive substrates to model cell-matrix fibronectin fibrils having different integrin-binding specificity, affinity, and/or density. We utilized this model to quantitatively assess the relationship between adhesive forces derived from cell-substrate interactions and the ability of fibronectin fibril assembly to induce cellular self-assembly. Results indicate that the strength of initial, rather than mature, cell-substrate attachments correlates with the ability of substrates to support fibronectin-mediated cellular self-assembly. The cellular response to soluble fibronectin was bimodal and independent of the integrin-binding specificity of the substrate; increasing soluble fibronectin levels above a critical threshold increased aggregate cohesion on permissive substrates. Once aggregates formed, continuous fibronectin polymerization was necessary to maintain cohesion. During self-assembly, soluble fibronectin decreased cell-substrate adhesion strength and induced aggregate cohesion via a Rho-dependent mechanism, suggesting that the balance of contractile forces derived from fibronectin fibrils within cell-cell versus cell-substrate adhesions controls self-assembly and aggregate cohesion. Thus, initial cell-substrate attachment strength may provide a quantitative basis with which to build predictive models of fibronectin-mediated microtissue fabrication on a variety of substrates. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cellular self-assembly is a process by which cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins spontaneously organize into three-dimensional (3D) tissues in the absence of external forces. Cellular self-assembly can be initiated in vitro, and represents a potential tool for tissue engineers to organize cells into modular building blocks for artificial tissue fabrication. Fibronectin is an ECM protein that plays a key role in tissue formation during embryonic development. Additionally, the cell-mediated process of converting soluble fibronectin into insoluble, ECM-associated fibrils has been shown to initiate cellular self-assembly in vitro. In this study, we examine the relationship between the strength of cell-substrate adhesions and the ability of fibronectin fibril assembly to induce cellular self-assembly. Our results indicate that substrate composition and density play cooperative roles with cell-mediated fibronectin matrix assembly to control the transition of cells from 2D monolayers into 3D multicellular aggregates. Results of this study provide a quantitative approach to build predictive models of cellular self-assembly, as well as a simple cell-culture platform to produce biomimetic units for modular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Brennan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Denise C Hocking
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Sarelius IH, Titus PA, Maimon N, Okech W, Wilke-Mounts SJ, Brennan JR, Hocking DC. Extracellular matrix fibronectin initiates endothelium-dependent arteriolar dilatation via the heparin-binding, matricryptic RWRPK sequence of the first type III repeat of fibrillar fibronectin. J Physiol 2016; 594:687-97. [PMID: 26661689 DOI: 10.1113/jp271478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The local arteriolar dilatation produced by contraction of skeletal muscle is dependent upon multiple signalling mechanisms. In addition to the many metabolic signals that mediate this vasodilatation, we show here that the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin also contributes to the response. This vasodilatory signal requires the heparin-binding matricryptic RWRPK sequence in the first type III repeat of fibrillar fibronectin. The fibronectin-dependent component of the integrated muscle contraction-dependent arteriolar vasodilatation is coupled through an endothelial cell-dependent signalling pathway. Recent studies in contracting skeletal muscle have shown that functional vasodilatation in resistance arterioles has an endothelial cell (EC)-dependent component, and, separately have shown that the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin (FN) contributes to functional dilatation in these arterioles. Here we test the hypotheses that (i) the matricryptic heparin-binding region of the first type III repeat of fibrillar FN (FNIII1H) mediates vasodilatation, and (ii) this response is EC dependent. Engineered FN fragments with differing (defined) heparin- and integrin-binding capacities were applied directly to resistance arterioles in cremaster muscles of anaesthetized (pentobarbital sodium, 65 mg kg(-1)) mice. Both FNIII1H,8-10 and FNIII1H induced dilatations (12.2 ± 1.7 μm, n = 12 and 17.2 ± 2.4 μm, n = 14, respectively) whereas mutation of the active sequence (R(613) WRPK) of the heparin binding region significantly diminished the dilatation (3.2 ± 1.8 μm, n = 10). Contraction of skeletal muscle fibres via electrical field stimulation produced a vasodilatation (19.4 ± 1.2 μm, n = 12) that was significantly decreased (to 7.0 ± 2.7 μm, n = 7, P < 0.05) in the presence of FNIII1Peptide 6, which blocks extracellular matrix (ECM) FN and FNIII1H signalling. Furthermore, FNIII1H,8-10 and FNIII1H applied to EC-denuded arterioles failed to produce any dilatation indicating that endothelium was required for the response. Finally, FNIII1H significantly increased EC Ca(2+) (relative fluorescence 0.98 ± 0.02 in controls versus 1.12 ± 0.05, n = 17, P < 0.05). Thus, we conclude that ECM FN-dependent vasodilatation is mediated by the heparin-binding (RWRPK) sequence of FNIII1 in an EC-dependent manner. Importantly, blocking this signalling sequence decreased the dilatation to skeletal muscle contraction, indicating that there is a physiological role for this FN-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid H Sarelius
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Patricia A Titus
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Nir Maimon
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - William Okech
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Susan J Wilke-Mounts
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - James R Brennan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Denise C Hocking
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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15
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Kang Y, Georgiou AI, MacFarlane RJ, Klontzas ME, Heliotis M, Tsiridis E, Mantalaris A. Fibronectin stimulates the osteogenic differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1929-1940. [PMID: 26449737 DOI: 10.1002/term.2090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Conditioned medium from human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2-CM) has been shown to stimulate the osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs). HepG2-CM is considered to contain visceral endoderm (VE)-like signals and attempts have recently been made to characterize it, using proteomic profiling, with fibronectin being identified as one promising candidate. Herein, we investigated whether fibronectin is able to mimic the activities of HepG2-CM during the osteogenic differentiation of mESCs. Specifically, the addition of RGD peptides and heparin in HepG2-CM significantly reduced the growth- and adhesion-promoting effects of HepG2-CM, in addition to suppressing its osteogenic-inductive activity. Furthermore, direct addition of fibronectin to basal medium was able to reproduce, at least partially, the function of HepG2-CM. In particular, fibronectin induced the early onset of osteogenic differentiation in mESCs, as confirmed by gene expression of osteogenic markers, and resulted in the three-fold higher calcium deposition at day 11 of osteogenic culture compared to the control group. These data clearly suggest that fibronectin contributes to the biological activities of HepG2-CM and plays a stimulatory role during the process of osteogenesis in mESCs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Kang
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Anastasia I Georgiou
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Robert J MacFarlane
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Michail E Klontzas
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | | | | | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
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16
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Opposing effects of collagen I and vitronectin on fibronectin fibril structure and function. Matrix Biol 2014; 34:33-45. [PMID: 24509439 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix fibronectin fibrils serve as passive structural supports for the organization of cells into tissues, yet can also actively stimulate a variety of cell and tissue functions, including cell proliferation. Factors that control and coordinate the functional activities of fibronectin fibrils are not known. Here, we compared effects of cell adhesion to vitronectin versus type I collagen on the assembly of and response to, extracellular matrix fibronectin fibrils. The amount of insoluble fibronectin matrix fibrils assembled by fibronectin-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts adherent to collagen- or vitronectin-coated substrates was not significantly different 20 h after fibronectin addition. However, the fibronectin matrix produced by vitronectin-adherent cells was ~10-fold less effective at enhancing cell proliferation than that of collagen-adherent cells. Increasing insoluble fibronectin levels with the fibronectin fragment, anastellin did not increase cell proliferation. Rather, native fibronectin fibrils polymerized by collagen- and vitronectin-adherent cells exhibited conformational differences in the growth-promoting, III-1 region of fibronectin, with collagen-adherent cells producing fibronectin fibrils in a more extended conformation. Fibronectin matrix assembly on either substrate was mediated by α5β1 integrins. However, on vitronectin-adherent cells, α5β1 integrins functioned in a lower activation state, characterized by reduced 9EG7 binding and decreased talin association. The inhibitory effect of vitronectin on fibronectin-mediated cell proliferation was localized to the cell-binding domain, but was not a general property of αvβ3 integrin-binding substrates. These data suggest that adhesion to vitronectin allows for the uncoupling of fibronectin fibril formation from downstream signaling events by reducing α5β1 integrin activation and fibronectin fibril extension.
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17
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Roy DC, Mooney NA, Raeman CH, Dalecki D, Hocking DC. Fibronectin matrix mimetics promote full-thickness wound repair in diabetic mice. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 19:2517-26. [PMID: 23808793 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
During tissue repair, fibronectin is converted from a soluble, inactive form into biologically active extracellular matrix (ECM) fibrils through a cell-dependent process. ECM fibronectin promotes numerous cell processes that are critical to tissue repair and regulates the assembly of other proteins into the matrix. Nonhealing wounds show reduced levels of ECM fibronectin. To functionally mimic ECM fibronectin, a series of fibronectin matrix mimetics was developed by directly coupling the matricryptic, heparin-binding fragment of the first type III repeat of fibronectin (FNIII1H) to various sequences from the integrin-binding domain (FNIII8-10). The recombinant proteins were produced as glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-tagged fusion proteins for ease of production and purification. Full-thickness, excisional wounds were produced in genetically diabetic mice, and fibronectin matrix mimetics were applied directly to the wounds. A significant enhancement of wound closure was observed by day 9 in response to GST/III1H,8-10 versus GST-treated controls (73.9%±4.1% vs. 58.1%±4.7% closure, respectively). Two weeks after injury, fibronectin matrix mimetic-treated wounds had developed a multi-layered epithelium that completely covered the wound space. Furthermore, significant increases in granulation tissue thickness were observed in response to treatment with GST/III1H,8-10 (4.05±0.93-fold), GST/III1H,8,10 (2.91±0.49-fold), or GST/III1H,8(RGD) (3.55±0.59-fold) compared with GST controls, and was accompanied by dense collagen deposition, the presence of myofibroblasts, and functional vasculature. Thus, the recombinant fibronectin matrix analogs normalized the impairment in repair observed in this chronic wound model and may provide a new approach to accelerate the healing of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Roy
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York
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18
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Kratz EM, Wójtowicz M, Przybysz M, Faundez R, Kątnik-Prastowska I. Human seminal fibronectin fragmentation patterns and their domain immunoreactivities in leucocytospermic patients. Reprod Fertil Dev 2013; 26:1044-51. [PMID: 23920130 DOI: 10.1071/rd13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the work was to analyse fibronectin (FN) domain immunoreactivities and profiles of FN fragmentation in seminal plasmas of fertile normozoospermic and infertile leucocytospermic male patients. ELISA with domain-specific monoclonal antibodies and immunoblotting were used in these measurements. Immunoblotting of normal and leucocytospermic seminal plasmas revealed the presence of twelve FN bands of ~70-196kDa with nearly identical FN profiles under reducing and non-reducing conditions. The epitopes of the cell-, fibrin-, collagen-binding FN domains and the extra domain A (EDA) FN segment retained the ability to bind their specific monoclonal antibodies, whereas the fibrin-heparin domain (N-terminal end) and the area around the disulfide bridges (C-terminal end) of the FN polypeptide did not show any reactivities with their respective specific antibodies. The mean values of cell- (338.4±138.4 and 398.3±310mgL(-1)), fibrin- (79.1±38.5 and 145.2±188.8mgL(-1)) and collagen-binding (19±19.8 and 50.9±73.4mgL(-1)) FN domain immunoreactivities and the relative amount of (EDA)FN did not show any significant differences between the normal and leucocytospermic groups. The high values of standard deviations for the FN domain immunoreactivities in the leucocytospermic group probably results from different aetiology of leucocytospermia. The profile of FN fragmentation and alterations of FN domain immunoreactivities in seminal plasma may influence their engagement in the fertilisation process. The analysis of seminal FN molecular status would be helpful for selecting the highest quality spermatozoa for use in assisted reproduction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa M Kratz
- Department of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroc?aw Medical University, Bujwida 44a, 50-345 Wroc?aw, Poland
| | - Marcin Wójtowicz
- Department of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroc?aw Medical University, Bujwida 44a, 50-345 Wroc?aw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Przybysz
- Deceased. Formerly of Department of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroc?aw Medical University, Bujwida 44a, 50-345 Wroc?aw, Poland
| | - Ricardo Faundez
- Embryology Laboratory InviMed - European Centre of Motherhood, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Kątnik-Prastowska
- Department of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroc?aw Medical University, Bujwida 44a, 50-345 Wroc?aw, Poland
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19
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Ngalim SH, Magenau A, Zhu Y, Tønnesen L, Fairjones Z, Gooding JJ, Böcking T, Gaus K. Creating adhesive and soluble gradients for imaging cell migration with fluorescence microscopy. J Vis Exp 2013. [PMID: 23609313 DOI: 10.3791/50310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells can sense and migrate towards higher concentrations of adhesive cues such as the glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix and soluble cues such as growth factors. Here, we outline a method to create opposing gradients of adhesive and soluble cues in a microfluidic chamber, which is compatible with live cell imaging. A copolymer of poly-L-lysine and polyethylene glycol (PLL-PEG) is employed to passivate glass coverslips and prevent non-specific adsorption of biomolecules and cells. Next, microcontact printing or dip pen lithography are used to create tracks of streptavidin on the passivated surfaces to serve as anchoring points for the biotinylated peptide arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) as the adhesive cue. A microfluidic device is placed onto the modified surface and used to create the gradient of adhesive cues (100% RGD to 0% RGD) on the streptavidin tracks. Finally, the same microfluidic device is used to create a gradient of a chemoattractant such as fetal bovine serum (FBS), as the soluble cue in the opposite direction of the gradient of adhesive cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hawa Ngalim
- Centre for Vascular Research and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, The University of New South Wales
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20
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Roy DC, Hocking DC. Recombinant fibronectin matrix mimetics specify integrin adhesion and extracellular matrix assembly. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 19:558-70. [PMID: 23020251 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering seeks to create functional tissues and organs by integrating natural or synthetic scaffolds with bioactive factors and cells. Creating biologically active scaffolds that support key aspects of tissue regeneration, including the re-establishment of a functional extracellular matrix (ECM), is a challenge currently facing this field. During tissue repair, fibronectin is converted from an inactive soluble form into biologically active ECM fibrils through a cell-dependent process. ECM fibronectin promotes cell processes critical to tissue regeneration and regulates the deposition and organization of other ECM proteins. We previously developed biomimetics of ECM fibronectin by directly coupling the heparin-binding fragment of the first type III repeat of fibronectin (FNIII1H) to the integrin-binding repeats (FNIII8-10). As adhesive substrates, fibronectin matrix mimetics promote cell growth, migration, and contractility through a FNIII1H-dependent mechanism. Here, we analyzed fibronectin matrix mimetic variants designed to include all or part of the integrin-binding domain for their ability to support new ECM assembly. We found that specific modifications of the integrin-binding domain produced adhesive substrates that selectively engage different integrin receptors to, in turn, regulate the amount of fibronectin and collagen deposited into the ECM. The ability of fibronectin matrix mimetics to direct cell-substrate interactions and regulate ECM assembly makes them promising candidates for use as bioactive surfaces, where precise control over integrin-binding specificity and ECM deposition are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Roy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
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21
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Jeon WB, Park BH, Choi SK, Lee KM, Park JK. Functional enhancement of neuronal cell behaviors and differentiation by elastin-mimetic recombinant protein presenting Arg-Gly-Asp peptides. BMC Biotechnol 2012; 12:61. [PMID: 22978264 PMCID: PMC3507755 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-12-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrin-mediated interaction of neuronal cells with extracellular matrix (ECM) is important for the control of cell adhesion, morphology, motility, and differentiation in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence is one of the most potent integrin-binding ligand found in many native ECM proteins. An elastin-mimetic recombinant protein, TGPG[VGRGD(VGVPG)6]20WPC, referred to as [RGD-V6]20, contains multiple RGD motifs to bind cell-surface integrins. This study aimed to investigate how surface-adsorbed recombinant protein can be used to modulate the behaviors and differentiation of neuronal cells in vitro. For this purpose, biomimetic ECM surfaces were prepared by isothermal adsorption of [RGD-V6]20 onto the tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS), and the effects of protein-coated surfaces on neuronal cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and differentiation were quantitatively measured using N2a neuroblastoma cells. Results The [RGD-V6]20 was expressed in E. coli and purified by thermally-induced phase transition. N2a cell attachment to either [RGD-V6]20 or fibronectin followed hyperbolic binding kinetics saturating around 2 μM protein concentration. The apparent maximum cell binding to [RGD-V6]20 was approximately 96% of fibronectin, with half-maximal adhesion on [RGD-V6]20 and fibronectin occurring at a coating concentration of 2.4 × 10-7 and 1.4 × 10-7 M, respectively. The percentage of spreading cells was in the following order of proteins: fibronectin (84.3% ± 6.9%) > [RGD-V6]20 (42.9% ± 6.5%) > [V7]20 (15.5% ± 3.2%) > TCPS (less than 10%). The migration speed of N2a cells on [RGD-V6]20 was similar to that of cells on fibronectin. The expression of neuronal marker proteins Tuj1, MAP2, and GFAP was approximately 1.5-fold up-regulated by [RGD-V6]20 relative to TCPS. Moreover, by the presence of both [RGD-V6]20 and RA, the expression levels of NSE, TuJ1, NF68, MAP2, and GFAP were significantly elevated. Conclusion We have shown that an elastin-mimetic protein consisting of alternating tropoelastin structural domains and cell-binding RGD motifs is able to stimulate neuronal cell behaviors and differentiation. In particular, adhesion-induced neural differentiation is highly desirable for neural development and nerve repair. In this context, our data emphasize that the combination of biomimetically engineered recombinant protein and isothermal adsorption approach allows for the facile preparation of bioactive matrix or coating for neural tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Bae Jeon
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Engineering, Division of NanoBio Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 711-873, South Korea.
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22
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Regulation of the behaviors of mesenchymal stem cells by surface nanostructured titanium. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 97:211-20. [PMID: 22609606 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The study describes the influence of surface nanostructured titanium substrates on the growth behaviors of mesenchymal stem cells. Surface nanostructures of titanium were produced with surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) technique. The morphologies of native titanium and surface nanostructured titanium substrates were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and contact-angle measurements, respectively. A thin nanostructured layer was formed onto the surfaces of titanium substrates after SMAT treatment. The effects of the surface nanostructured titanium substrates on the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was examined at cellular and molecular levels in vitro. The results suggest that the surface nanostructured substrates were beneficial for the growth of MSCs, including adhesion, filament orientation, proliferation and gene expression. This approach for the fabrication of surface nanostructured titanium may be exploited in the development of high performance titanium-based implants.
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23
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Chiang C, Karuri SW, Kshatriya PP, Schwartz J, Schwarzbauer JE, Karuri NW. Surface derivatization strategy for combinatorial analysis of cell response to mixtures of protein domains. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:548-56. [PMID: 22103809 PMCID: PMC4979219 DOI: 10.1021/la202053k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a robust strategy for conjugating mixtures of two or more protein domains to nonfouling polyurethane surfaces. In our strategy, the carbamate groups of polyurethane are reacted with zirconium alkoxide from the vapor phase to give a surface-bound oxide that serves as a chemical layer that can be used to bond organics to the polymer substrate. A hydroxyalkylphosphonate monolayer was synthesized on this layer, which was then used to covalently bind primary amine groups in protein domains using chloroformate-derived cross-linking. The effectiveness of this synthesis strategy was gauged by using an ELISA to measure competitive, covalent bonding of cell-binding (III(9-10)) and fibronectin-binding (III(1-2)) domains of the cell adhesion protein fibronectin. Cell adhesion, spreading, and fibronectin matrix assembly were examined on surfaces conjugated with single domains, a 1:1 surface mixture of III(1-2) and III(9-10), and a recombinant protein "duplex" containing both domains in one fusion protein. The mixture performed as well as or better than the other surfaces in these assays. Our surface activation strategy is amenable to a wide range of polymer substrates and free amino group-containing protein fragments. As such, this technique may be used to create biologically specific materials through the immobilization of specific protein groups or mixtures thereof on a substrate surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Chiang
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Biological, Chemical and Physical Sciences, Chicago, IL, 60616
| | - Stella W. Karuri
- National Cancer Institutes, Biometrics Research Branch, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - Pradnya P. Kshatriya
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chicago, IL, 60616
| | - Jeffrey Schwartz
- Princeton University, Department of Chemistry, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | | | - Nancy W. Karuri
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chicago, IL, 60616
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24
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Badihi Hauslich L, Sela MN, Steinberg D, Rosen G, Kohavi D. The adhesion of oral bacteria to modified titanium surfaces: role of plasma proteins and electrostatic forces. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011; 24 Suppl A100:49-56. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02364.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liad Badihi Hauslich
- Oral Microbiology and Ecology Lab, Betty and Walter Cohen Chair for Periodontal Research; The Hebrew; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Michael N. Sela
- Oral Microbiology and Ecology Lab, Betty and Walter Cohen Chair for Periodontal Research; The Hebrew; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Doron Steinberg
- Oral Biofilm Laboratory; The Hebrew University; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Graciela Rosen
- Oral Microbiology and Ecology Lab, Betty and Walter Cohen Chair for Periodontal Research; The Hebrew; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - David Kohavi
- Oral Implant Center; The Hebrew University, Hadassa School of Dental Medicine; Jerusalem; Israel
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