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Chihab S, Eng T, Kaiser JM, Khan NM, Doan TN, Drissi H. Early signs of osteoarthritis in differing rat osteochondral defects. J Orthop Res 2024. [PMID: 38965674 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Preclinical models of osteochondral defects (OCDs) are fundamental test beds to evaluate treatment modalities before clinical translation. To increase the rigor and reproducibility of translational science for a robust "go or no-go," we evaluated disease progression and pain phenotypes within the whole joint for two OCD rat models with same defect size (1.5 x 0.8 mm) placed either in the trochlea or medial condyle of femur. Remarkably, we only found subtle transitory changes to gaits of rats with trochlear defect without any discernible effect to allodynia. At 8-weeks post-surgery, anatomical evaluations of joint showed early signs of osteoarthritis with EPIC-microCT. For the trochlear defect, cartilage attenuation was increased in trochlear, medial, and lateral compartments of the femur. For condylar defect, increased cartilage attenuation was isolated to the medial condyle of the femur. Further, the medial ossicle showed signs of deterioration as indicated with decreased bone mineral density and increased bone surface area to volume ratio. Thus, OCD in a weight-bearing region of the femur gave rise to more advanced osteoarthritis phenotype within a unilateral joint compartment. Subchondral bone remodeling was evident in both models without any indication of closure of the articular cartilage surface. We conclude that rat OCD, placed in the trochlear or condylar region of the femur, leads to differing severity of osteoarthritis progression. As found herein, repair of the defect with fibrous tissue and subchondral bone is insufficient to alleviate onset of osteoarthritis. Future therapies using rat OCD model should address joint osteoarthritis in addition to repair itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Chihab
- Atlanta Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tracy Eng
- Atlanta Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jarred M Kaiser
- Atlanta Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nazir M Khan
- Atlanta Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Thanh N Doan
- Atlanta Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Atlanta Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Alharbi N, Guthold M. Mechanical properties of hydrated electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 155:106564. [PMID: 38749267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers are a promising material for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, slow degradation rate, and thermal stability. We electrospun PCL fibers onto a striated substrate with 12 μm wide ridges and grooves and determined their mechanical properties in an aqueous solution with a combined atomic force/inverted optical microscopy technique. Fiber diameters, D, ranged from 27 to 280 nm. The hydrated PCL fibers had an extensibility (breaking strain), εmax, of 137%. The Young's modulus, E, and tensile strength, σT, showed a strong dependence on fiber diameter, D; decreasing steeply with increasing diameter, following empirical equations E(D)=(4.3∙103∙e-D51nm+1.1∙102) MPa and σT(D)=(2.6∙103∙e-D55nm+0.6∙102) MPa. Incremental stress-strain measurements were employed to investigate the viscoelastic behavior of these fibers. The fibers exhibited stress relaxation with a fast and slow relaxation time of 3.7 ± 1.2 s and 23 ± 8 s and these experiments also allowed the determination of the elastic and viscous moduli. Cyclic stress-strain curves were used to determine that the elastic limit of the fibers, εelastic, is between 19% and 36%. These curves were also used to determine that these fibers showed small energy losses (<20%) at small strains (ε < 10%), and over 50% energy loss at large strains (ε > 50%), asymptotically approaching 61%, as Eloss=61%·(1-e-0.04*ε). Our work is the first mechanical characterization of hydrated electrospun PCL nanofibers; all previous experiments were performed on dry PCL fibers, to which we will compare our data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Alharbi
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Martin Guthold
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA; Center for Functional Materials, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA.
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3
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Li CJ, Park JH, Jin GS, Mandakhbayar N, Yeo D, Lee JH, Lee JH, Kim HS, Kim HW. Strontium/Silicon/Calcium-Releasing Hierarchically Structured 3D-Printed Scaffolds Accelerate Osteochondral Defect Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400154. [PMID: 38647029 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Articular cartilage defects are a global challenge, causing substantial disability. Repairing large defects is problematic, often exceeding cartilage's self-healing capacity and damaging bone structures. To tackle this problem, a scaffold-mediated therapeutic ion delivery system is developed. These scaffolds are constructed from poly(ε-caprolactone) and strontium (Sr)-doped bioactive nanoglasses (SrBGn), creating a unique hierarchical structure featuring macropores from 3D printing, micropores, and nanotopologies due to SrBGn integration. The SrBGn-embedded scaffolds (SrBGn-µCh) release Sr, silicon (Si), and calcium (Ca) ions, which improve chondrocyte activation, adhesion, proliferation, and maturation-related gene expression. This multiple ion delivery significantly affects metabolic activity and maturation of chondrocytes. Importantly, Sr ions may play a role in chondrocyte regulation through the Notch signaling pathway. Notably, the scaffold's structure and topological cues expedite the recruitment, adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of chondrocytes and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Si and Ca ions accelerate osteogenic differentiation and blood vessel formation, while Sr ions enhance the polarization of M2 macrophages. The findings show that SrBGn-µCh scaffolds accelerate osteochondral defect repair by delivering multiple ions and providing structural/topological cues, ultimately supporting host cell functions and defect healing. This scaffold holds great promise for osteochondral repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ji Li
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hui Park
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Shi Jin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyeon Yeo
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Dankook Physician Scientist Research Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell and Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Dankook Physician Scientist Research Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell and Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sung Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Dankook Physician Scientist Research Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Dankook Physician Scientist Research Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell and Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
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An H, Zhang M, Gu Z, Jiao X, Ma Y, Huang Z, Wen Y, Dong Y, Zhang P. Advances in Polysaccharides for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Repair: A Review. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2243-2260. [PMID: 38523444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Cartilage repair has been a significant challenge in orthopedics that has not yet been fully resolved. Due to the absence of blood vessels and the almost cell-free nature of mature cartilage tissue, the limited ability to repair cartilage has resulted in significant socioeconomic pressures. Polysaccharide materials have recently been widely used for cartilage tissue repair due to their excellent cell loading, biocompatibility, and chemical modifiability. They also provide a suitable microenvironment for cartilage repair and regeneration. In this Review, we summarize the techniques used clinically for cartilage repair, focusing on polysaccharides, polysaccharides for cartilage repair, and the differences between these and other materials. In addition, we summarize the techniques of tissue engineering strategies for cartilage repair and provide an outlook on developing next-generation cartilage repair and regeneration materials from polysaccharides. This Review will provide theoretical guidance for developing polysaccharide-based cartilage repair and regeneration materials with clinical applications for cartilage tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng An
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiangyu Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yinglei Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yongqiang Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | | | - Peixun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Tang S, Zhang R, Bai H, Shu R, Chen D, He L, Zhou L, Liao Z, Chen M, Pei F, Mao JJ, Shi X. Endogenus chondrocytes immobilized by G-CSF in nanoporous gels enable repair of critical-size osteochondral defects. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100933. [PMID: 38283982 PMCID: PMC10819721 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Injured articular cartilage is a leading cause for osteoarthritis. We recently discovered that endogenous stem/progenitor cells not only reside in the superficial zone of mouse articular cartilage, but also regenerated heterotopic bone and cartilage in vivo. However, whether critical-size osteochondral defects can be repaired by pure induced chemotatic cell homing of these endogenous stem/progenitor cells remains elusive. Here, we first found that cells in the superficial zone of articular cartilage surrounding surgically created 3 × 1 mm defects in explant culture of adult goat and rabbit knee joints migrated into defect-filled fibrin/hylaro1nate gel, and this migration was significantly more robust upon delivery of exogenous granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). Remarkably, G-CSF-recruited chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs) showed significantly stronger migration ability than donor-matched chondrocytes and osteoblasts. G-CSF-recruited CPCs robustly differentiated into chondrocytes, modestly into osteoblasts, and barely into adipocytes. In vivo, critical-size osteochondral defects were repaired by G-CSF-recruited endogenous cells postoperatively at 6 and 12 weeks in comparison to poor healing by gel-only group or defect-only group. ICRS and O'Driscoll scores of articular cartilage were significantly higher for both 6- and 12-week G-CSF samples than corresponding gel-only and defect-only groups. Thus, endogenous stem/progenitor cells may be activated by G-CSF, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared bone-marrow stimulating factor, to repair osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangkun Tang
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ruinian Zhang
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hanying Bai
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Rui Shu
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- West China School/Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,610041, China
| | - Danying Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ling He
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ling Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zheting Liao
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mo Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Fuxing Pei
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jeremy J. Mao
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Liu S. Scaffolded Chondrogenic Spheroid-Engrafted Model. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2766:17-24. [PMID: 38270862 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3682-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for a cartilage regeneration strategy are based on their multipotent differentiation for skeletal regeneration. With the utilization of allergenic neutralized type I atelocollagen during the pre-formation of chondrogenic MSC spheroids, cellular condensation and chondrogenic differentiation can be easily achieved. It also benefits the recruitment of host MSCs, which differentiate into chondrocyte-like cells after implantation into the experiment model. Using pre-formed chondrogenic MSC spheroids, the efficacy of anti-rheumatoid agents for cartilage repair can be screened on a large scale ex vivo. Furthermore, atelocollagen-scaffolded chondrogenic spheroids can be utilized for in vivo transplantation into a humanized xenografted arthritis model. Thus, the ability of cartilage self-repair can be qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
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7
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Han B, Fang W, Yang Z, Wang Y, Zhao S, Hoang BX, Vangsness CT. Enhancement of Chondrogenic Markers by Exosomes Derived from Cultured Human Synovial Fluid-Derived Cells: A Comparative Analysis of 2D and 3D Conditions. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3145. [PMID: 38137366 PMCID: PMC10740632 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of exosomes derived from synovial fluid-derived cells (SFDCs) cultured under normoxic conditions in a two-dimensional (2D) monolayer or encapsulated within a three-dimensional (3D) matrix for chondrogenic differentiation in vitro and cartilage defect repair in vivo. DESIGN Synovial fluid samples were obtained from three patients, and SFDCs were isolated and expanded either in a 2D monolayer culture or seeded within a transglutaminase cross-linked gelatin (Col-Tgel) to create a 3D gel culture. Exosomes derived from each environment were isolated and characterized. Then, their effects on cartilage-cell proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation were assessed using an in vitro organoid model, and their potential for enhancing cartilage repair was evaluated using a rat cartilage defect model. RESULTS SFDCs obtained from different donors reached a state of senescence after four passages in 2D culture. However, transferring these cells to a 3D culture environment mitigated the senescence and improved cell viability. The 3D-cultured exosomes exhibited enhanced potency in promoting chondrogenic differentiation, as evidenced by the increased expression of chondrogenic genes and greater deposition of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix. Furthermore, the 3D-cultured exosomes demonstrated superior effectiveness in enhancing cartilage repair and exhibited better healing properties compared to exosomes derived from a 2D culture. CONCLUSIONS The optimized 3D culture provided a more favorable environment for the proliferation of human synovial cells and the secretion of exosomes compared to the 2D culture. The 3D-cultured exosomes exhibited greater potential for promoting chondrogenic gene expression in vitro and demonstrated improved healing properties in repairing cartilage defects compared to exosomes derived from the 2D culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Han
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - William Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - Yuntao Wang
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - Ba Xuan Hoang
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - C. Thomas Vangsness
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Mahajan A, Nengroo MA, Datta D, Katti DS. Converse modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during expansion and differentiation phases of Infrapatellar fat pad-derived MSCs for improved engineering of hyaline cartilage. Biomaterials 2023; 302:122296. [PMID: 37696204 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potential candidates in cell-based therapy for cartilage repair and regeneration. However, during chondrogenic differentiation, MSCs undergo undesirable hypertrophic maturation. This poses a risk of ossification in the neo-tissue formed that eventually impedes the clinical use of MSCs for cartilage repair. TGF-β is a potent growth factor used for chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, however, its role in hypertrophy remains ambiguous. In the present work, we decipher that TGF-β activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling through SMAD3 and increases the propensity of Infrapatellar fat pad derived MSCs (IFP-MSCs) towards hypertrophy. Notably, inhibiting TGF-β induced Wnt/β-catenin signaling suppresses hypertrophic progression and enhances chondrogenic ability of IFP-MSCs in plasma hydrogels. Additionally, we demonstrate that activating Wnt signaling during expansion phase, promotes proliferation and reduces senescence, while improving stemness of IFP-MSCs. Thus, conversely modulating Wnt signaling in vitro during expansion and differentiation phases generates hyaline-like cartilage with minimal hypertrophy. Importantly, pre-treatment of IFP-MSCs encapsulated in plasma hydrogel with Wnt modulators followed by subcutaneous implantation in nude mice resulted in formation of a cartilage tissue with negligible calcification. Overall, this study provides technological advancement on targeting Wnt/β-catenin pathway in a 3D scaffold, while maintaining the standard chondro-induction protocol to overcome the challenges associated with the clinical use of MSCs to engineer hyaline cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Mahajan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India; The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mushtaq A Nengroo
- Cancer Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipak Datta
- Cancer Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhirendra S Katti
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India; The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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9
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Li Y, Li L, Wang M, Yang B, Huang B, Bai S, Zhang X, Hou N, Wang H, Yang Z, Tang C, Li Y, Yuk-Wai Lee W, Feng L, Tortorella MD, Li G. O-alg-THAM/gel hydrogels functionalized with engineered microspheres based on mesenchymal stem cell secretion recruit endogenous stem cells for cartilage repair. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:255-272. [PMID: 37303853 PMCID: PMC10247879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lacking self-repair abilities, injuries to articular cartilage can lead to cartilage degeneration and ultimately result in osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering based on functional bioactive scaffolds are emerging as promising approaches for articular cartilage regeneration and repair. Although the use of cell-laden scaffolds prior to implantation can regenerate and repair cartilage lesions to some extent, these approaches are still restricted by limited cell sources, excessive costs, risks of disease transmission and complex manufacturing practices. Acellular approaches through the recruitment of endogenous cells offer great promise for in situ articular cartilage regeneration. In this study, we propose an endogenous stem cell recruitment strategy for cartilage repair. Based on an injectable, adhesive and self-healable o-alg-THAM/gel hydrogel system as scaffolds and a biophysio-enhanced bioactive microspheres engineered based on hBMSCs secretion during chondrogenic differentiation as bioactive supplement, the as proposed functional material effectively and specifically recruit endogenous stem cells for cartilage repair, providing new insights into in situ articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Li
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Linlong Li
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Ming Wang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Boguang Yang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Baozhen Huang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Shanshan Bai
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Nan Hou
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Haixing Wang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Zhengmeng Yang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Chong Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Lu Feng
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Micky D. Tortorella
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
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10
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Vilar A, Hodgson-Garms M, Kusuma GD, Donderwinkel I, Carthew J, Tan JL, Lim R, Frith JE. Substrate mechanical properties bias MSC paracrine activity and therapeutic potential. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:144-158. [PMID: 37422008 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have significant therapeutic potential due to their ability to differentiate into musculoskeletal lineages suitable for tissue-engineering, as well as the immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative effects of the paracrine factors that these cells secrete. Cues from the extracellular environment, including physical stimuli such as substrate stiffness, are strong drivers of MSC differentiation, but their effects upon MSC paracrine activity are not well understood. This study, therefore sought to determine the impact of substrate stiffness on the paracrine activity of MSCs, analysing both effects on MSC fate and their effect on T-cell and macrophage activity and angiogenesis. The data show that conditioned medium (CM) from MSCs cultured on 0.2 kPa (soft) and 100 kPa (stiff) polyacrylamide hydrogels have differing effects on MSC proliferation and differentiation, with stiff CM promoting proliferation whilst soft CM promoted differentiation. There were also differences in the effects upon macrophage phagocytosis and angiogenesis, with the most beneficial effects from soft CM. Analysis of the media composition identified differences in the levels of proteins including IL-6, OPG, and TIMP-2. Using recombinant proteins and blocking antibodies, we confirmed a role for OPG in modulating MSC proliferation with a complex combination of factors involved in the regulation of MSC differentiation. Together the data confirm that the physical microenvironment has an important influence on the MSC secretome and that this can alter the differentiation and regenerative potential of the cells. These findings can be used to tailor the culture environment for manufacturing potent MSCs for specific clinical applications or to inform the design of biomaterials that enable the retention of MSC activity after delivery into the body. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: • MSCs cultured on 100 kPa matrices produce a secretome that boosts MSC proliferation • MSCs cultured on 0.2 kPa matrices produce a secretome that promotes MSC osteogenesis and adipogenesis, as well as angiogenesis and macrophage phagocytosis • IL-6 secretion is elevated in MSCs on 0.2 kPa substrates • OPG, TIMP-2, MCP-1, and sTNFR1 secretion are elevated in MSCs on 100 kPa substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeolus Vilar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Margeaux Hodgson-Garms
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Gina D Kusuma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ilze Donderwinkel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - James Carthew
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jean L Tan
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jessica E Frith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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11
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Wen Y, Chen Y, Wu W, Zhang H, Peng Z, Yao X, Zhang X, Jiang W, Liao Y, Xie Y, Shen X, Sun H, Hu J, Liu H, Chen X, Chen J, Ouyang H. Hyperplastic Human Macromass Cartilage for Joint Regeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301833. [PMID: 37395375 PMCID: PMC10502860 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage damage affects millions of people worldwide. Tissue engineering strategies hold the promise to provide off-the-shelf cartilage analogs for tissue transplantation in cartilage repair. However, current strategies hardly generate sufficient grafts, as tissues cannot maintain size growth and cartilaginous phenotypes simultaneously. Herein, a step-wise strategy is developed for fabricating expandable human macromass cartilage (macro-cartilage) in a 3D condition by employing human polydactyly chondrocytes and a screen-defined serum-free customized culture (CC). CC-induced chondrocytes demonstrate improved cell plasticity, expressing chondrogenic biomarkers after a 14.59-times expansion. Crucially, CC-chondrocytes form large-size cartilage tissues with average diameters of 3.25 ± 0.05 mm, exhibiting abundant homogenous matrix and intact structure without a necrotic core. Compared with typical culture, the cell yield in CC increases 2.57 times, and the expression of cartilage marker collagen type II increases 4.70 times. Transcriptomics reveal that this step-wise culture drives a proliferation-to-differentiation process through an intermediate plastic stage, and CC-chondrocytes undergo a chondral lineage-specific differentiation with an activated metabolism. Animal studies show that CC macro-cartilage maintains a hyaline-like cartilage phenotype in vivo and significantly promotes the healing of large cartilage defects. Overall, an efficient expansion of human macro-cartilage with superior regenerative plasticity is achieved, providing a promising strategy for joint regeneration.
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12
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Teimourinejad A, Hashemibeni B, Salehi H, Mostafavi FS, Kazemi M, Bahramian H. An animal model study of osteochondral defect repair by human adipose stem cells and pomegranate fruit hydroalchoholic extract. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2023; 13:177-188. [PMID: 37333472 PMCID: PMC10274312 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2022.21243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective Articular cartilage damages do not repair spontaneously. Tissue engineering is a promising approach to repair cartilage damage. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) members are the known induction factors in chondrogenic differentiation. However, hypertrophy of the chondrocytes resulting from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) induction by TGF-β is inevitable. Pomegranate fruit contains many ingredients which are useful in ensuring the health of organs. This study was designed to investigate the Pomegranate Fruit hydroalchoholic Extract (PFE) capability in human adipose derived stem cells (hASCs) differentiation into the chondrocytes on fibrin scaffold. Materials and Methods Pomegranate fruit hydroalchoholic extract (PFE) was prepared. hASCs were isolated, expanded, labeled, and seeded on the fibrin scaffold. The constructs were divided into three groups including TGF-β3, PFE, and control. The constructs were induced for 14 days, then, the MTT assay, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and histochemistry assessments were run, and finally, the constructs were transplanted into the knee defect of rats. The gross and histological assessments of the transplants were done after 8 weeks. Results The viability rate, COL2A1, Aggrecan (ACAN) and COL10A1 genes expression levels, and histological criterion of the PFE samples were significantly higher than that of the control. The macroscopic grades and histological results of the PFE samples were close to that of the TGF-β3. The number of positive cells for COLІI protein were higher significantly in the PFE group than the control. Conclusion PFE was effective in the chondrogenic induction of hASCs. Further studies are needed to find out the events of the chondrogenic induction using PFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Teimourinejad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Batool Hashemibeni
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fateme Sadat Mostafavi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Bahramian
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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13
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Chen L, Wei L, Su X, Qin L, Xu Z, Huang X, Chen H, Hu N. Preparation and Characterization of Biomimetic Functional Scaffold with Gradient Structure for Osteochondral Defect Repair. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020213. [PMID: 36829707 PMCID: PMC9952804 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral (OC) defects cannot adequately repair themselves due to their sophisticated layered structure and lack of blood supply in cartilage. Although therapeutic interventions are reaching an advanced stage, current clinical therapies to repair defects are in their infancy. Among the possible therapies, OC tissue engineering has shown considerable promise, and multiple approaches utilizing scaffolds, cells, and bioactive factors have been pursued. The most recent trend in OC tissue engineering has been to design gradient scaffolds using different materials and construction strategies (such as bi-layered, multi-layered, and continuous gradient structures) to mimic the physiological and mechanical properties of OC tissues while further enabling OC repair. This review focuses specifically on design and construction strategies for gradient scaffolds and their role in the successful engineering of OC tissues. The current dilemmas in the field of OC defect repair and the efforts of tissue engineering to address these challenges were reviewed. In addition, the advantages and limitations of the typical fabrication techniques for gradient scaffolds were discussed, with examples of recent studies summarizing the future prospects for integrated gradient scaffold construction. This updated and enlightening review could provide insights into our current understanding of gradient scaffolds in OC tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiao Huang
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (H.C.); (N.H.); Tel.: +86-023-89011202 (X.H. & H.C. & N.H.)
| | - Hong Chen
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (H.C.); (N.H.); Tel.: +86-023-89011202 (X.H. & H.C. & N.H.)
| | - Ning Hu
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (H.C.); (N.H.); Tel.: +86-023-89011202 (X.H. & H.C. & N.H.)
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14
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O'Connell CD, Duchi S, Onofrillo C, Caballero-Aguilar LM, Trengove A, Doyle SE, Zywicki WJ, Pirogova E, Di Bella C. Within or Without You? A Perspective Comparing In Situ and Ex Situ Tissue Engineering Strategies for Articular Cartilage Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201305. [PMID: 36541723 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Human articular cartilage has a poor ability to self-repair, meaning small injuries often lead to osteoarthritis, a painful and debilitating condition which is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Existing clinical strategies generally do not regenerate hyaline type cartilage, motivating research toward tissue engineering solutions. Prospective cartilage tissue engineering therapies can be placed into two broad categories: i) Ex situ strategies, where cartilage tissue constructs are engineered in the lab prior to implantation and ii) in situ strategies, where cells and/or a bioscaffold are delivered to the defect site to stimulate chondral repair directly. While commonalities exist between these two approaches, the core point of distinction-whether chondrogenesis primarily occurs "within" or "without" (outside) the body-can dictate many aspects of the treatment. This difference influences decisions around cell selection, the biomaterials formulation and the surgical implantation procedure, the processes of tissue integration and maturation, as well as, the prospects for regulatory clearance and clinical translation. Here, ex situ and in situ cartilage engineering strategies are compared: Highlighting their respective challenges, opportunities, and prospects on their translational pathways toward long term human cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathal D O'Connell
- Discipline of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Serena Duchi
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Carmine Onofrillo
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Lilith M Caballero-Aguilar
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - Anna Trengove
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Stephanie E Doyle
- Discipline of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Wiktor J Zywicki
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Elena Pirogova
- Discipline of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Claudia Di Bella
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
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15
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Li Y, Li L, Li Y, Feng L, Wang B, Wang M, Wang H, Zhu M, Yang Y, Waldorff EI, Zhang N, Viohl I, Lin S, Bian L, Lee WYW, Li G. Enhancing cartilage repair with optimized supramolecular hydrogel-based scaffold and pulsed electromagnetic field. Bioact Mater 2022; 22:312-324. [PMID: 36263100 PMCID: PMC9576572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional tissue engineering strategies provide innovative approach for the repair and regeneration of damaged cartilage. Hydrogel is widely used because it could provide rapid defect filling and proper structure support, and is biocompatible for cell aggregation and matrix deposition. Efforts have been made to seek suitable scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. Here Alg-DA/Ac-β-CD/gelatin hydrogel was designed with the features of physical and chemical multiple crosslinking and self-healing properties. Gelation time, swelling ratio, biodegradability and biocompatibility of the hydrogels were systematically characterized, and the injectable self-healing adhesive hydrogel were demonstrated to exhibit ideal properties for cartilage repair. Furthermore, the new hydrogel design introduces a pre-gel state before photo-crosslinking, where increased viscosity and decreased fluidity allow the gel to remain in a semi-solid condition. This granted multiple administration routes to the hydrogels, which brings hydrogels the ability to adapt to complex clinical situations. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) have been recognized as a promising solution to various health problems owing to their noninvasive properties and therapeutic potentials. PEMF treatment offers a better clinical outcome with fewer, if any, side effects, and wildly used in musculoskeletal tissue repair. Thereby we propose PEMF as an effective biophysical stimulation to be 4th key element in cartilage tissue engineering. In this study, the as-prepared Alg-DA/Ac-β-CD/gelatin hydrogels were utilized in the rat osteochondral defect model, and the potential application of PEMF in cartilage tissue engineering were investigated. PEMF treatment were proven to enhance the quality of engineered chondrogenic constructs in vitro, and facilitate chondrogenesis and cartilage repair in vivo. All of the results suggested that with the injectable self-healing adhesive hydrogel and PEMF treatment, this newly proposed tissue engineering strategy revealed superior clinical potential for cartilage defect treatment. The supramolecular Alg-DA/Ac-β-CD/gelatin hydrogel with physical and chemical multiple crosslinking was fabricated. The multi-crosslinked structure of the hydrogels endows strong injection, adhesion abilities and mechanical performance. A pre-gel state of the hydrogel grants it more administration routes and ability to adapt to complex clinical scenarios. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) serves as the 4th element in mesenchymal stem cell-based cartilage tissue engineering. Bioinformatics analysis reveal that PEMF regulates chondrogenesis and cell hypertrophy via ERK and p38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Linlong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Bin Wang
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Haixing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Meiling Zhu
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yongkang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Erik I. Waldorff
- Research & Clinical Affairs, Orthofix Medical Inc., Lewisville, TX, USA
| | - Nianli Zhang
- Research & Clinical Affairs, Orthofix Medical Inc., Lewisville, TX, USA
| | - Ingmar Viohl
- Research & Clinical Affairs, Orthofix Medical Inc., Lewisville, TX, USA
| | - Sien Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Liming Bian
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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16
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Sheng R, Chen J, Wang H, Luo Y, Liu J, Chen Z, Mo Q, Chi J, Ling C, Tan X, Yao Q, Zhang W. Nanosilicate-Reinforced Silk Fibroin Hydrogel for Endogenous Regeneration of Both Cartilage and Subchondral Bone. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200602. [PMID: 35749970 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteochondral defects are characterized by injuries to both cartilage and subchondral bone, which is a result of trauma, inflammation, or inappropriate loading. Due to the unique biological properties of subchondral bone and cartilage, developing a tissue engineering scaffold that can promote dual-lineage regeneration of cartilage and bone simultaneously remains a great challenge. In this study, a microporous nanosilicate-reinforced enzymatically crosslinked silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel is fabricated by introducing montmorillonite (MMT) nanoparticles via intercalation chemistry. In vitro studies show that SF-MMT nanocomposite hydrogel has improved mechanical properties and hydrophilicity, as well as the bioactivities to promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and maintain chondrocyte phenotype compared with SF hydrogel. Global proteomic analysis verifies the dual-lineage bioactivities of SF-MMT nanocomposite hydrogel, which are probably regulated by multiple signaling pathways. Furthermore, it is observed that the biophysical interaction of cells and SF-MMT nanocomposite hydrogel is partially mediated by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and its downstream processes. In vivo, the SF-MMT nanocomposite hydrogel effectively promotes osteochondral regeneration as evidenced by macroscopic, micro-CT, and histological evaluation. In conclusion, a functionalized SF-MMT nanocomposite hydrogel is developed with dual-lineage bioactivity for osteochondral regeneration, indicating its potential in osteochondral tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renwang Sheng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jialin Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yifan Luo
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhixuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qingyun Mo
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiayu Chi
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xin Tan
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China
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17
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Hou M, Tian B, Bai B, Ci Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou G, Cao Y. Dominant role of in situ native cartilage niche for determining the cartilage type regenerated by BMSCs. Bioact Mater 2022; 13:149-160. [PMID: 35224298 PMCID: PMC8843973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Hou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, PR China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Baoxing Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, PR China
| | - Baoshuai Bai
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Weifang, PR China
| | - Zheng Ci
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Weifang, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Weifang, PR China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, PR China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Weifang, PR China
- Corresponding author. Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
| | - Yilin Cao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, PR China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China
- Corresponding author. Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
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18
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Khalvandi A, Saber-Samandari S, Aghdam MM. Application of artificial neural networks to predict Young's moduli of cartilage scaffolds: An in-vitro and micromechanical study. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 136:212768. [PMID: 35929308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, four-phase Gelatin-Polypyrrole-Akermanite-Magnetite scaffolds were fabricated and analyzed using in-vitro tests and numerical simulations. Such scaffolds contained various amounts of Magnetite bioceramics as much as 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt% of Gelatin-Polypyrrole-Akermanite biocomposite. X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were conducted. Swelling and degradation of the scaffolds were studied by immersing them in phosphate-buffered saline, PBS, solution. Magnetite bioceramics decreased the swelling percent and degradation duration. By immersing scaffolds in simulated body fluid, the highest formation rate of Apatite was observed in the 15 wt% Magnetite samples. The mean pore size was in an acceptable range to provide suitable conditions for cell proliferation. MG-63 cells were cultured on extracts of the scaffolds for 24, 48, and 72 h and their surfaces for 24 h. Cell viabilities and cell morphologies were assessed. Afterward, micromechanical models with spherical and polyhedral voids and artificial neural networks were employed to predict Young's moduli of the scaffolds. Based on the results of finite element analyses, spherical-shaped void models made the best predictions of elastic behavior in the 0, 5 wt% Magnetite scaffolds compared to the experimental data. Results of the simulations and experimental tests for the ten wt% Magnetite samples were well matched in both micromechanical models. In the 15 wt% Magnetite sample, models with polyhedral voids could precisely predict Young's modulus of such scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khalvandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Ding X, Gao J, Yu X, Shi J, Chen J, Yu L, Chen S, Ding J. 3D-Printed Porous Scaffolds of Hydrogels Modified with TGF-β1 Binding Peptides to Promote In Vivo Cartilage Regeneration and Animal Gait Restoration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15982-15995. [PMID: 35363484 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of cartilage injury and osteoarthritis has been a classic problem for many years. The idea of in situ tissue regeneration paves a way for osteochondral repair in vivo. Herein, a hydrogel scaffold linked with bioactive peptides that can selectively adsorb transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) was hypothesized to not only afford cell ingrowth space but also induce the endogenous TGF-β1 recruitment for chondrogenesis promotion. In this study, bilayered porous scaffolds with gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels as a matrix were constructed via three-dimensional (3D) printing, of which the upper layer was covalently bound with bioactive peptides that can adsorb TGF-β1 for cartilage repair and the lower layer was blended with hydroxyapatite for subchondral regeneration. The scaffolds showed promising therapeutic efficacy proved by cartilage and osteogenic induction in vitro and osteochondral repair of rats in vivo. In particular, the animal gait behavior was recovered after the in situ tissue regeneration, and the corresponding gait analysis demonstrated the promotion of tissue regeneration induced by the porous hydrogels with the binding peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Ding
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaoye Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiayue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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20
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Ren E, Chen H, Qin Z, Guan S, Jiang L, Pang X, He Y, Zhang Y, Gao X, Chu C, Zheng L, Liu G. Harnessing Bifunctional Ferritin with Kartogenin Loading for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Capture and Enhancing Chondrogenesis in Cartilage Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101715. [PMID: 34997700 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Methods that leverage bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and stimulating factor kartogenin (KGN) for chondrocyte differentiation have paved the way for cartilage repair. However, the scarce carriers for efficiently bridging the two components significantly impede their further application. Therefore, one kind of bifunctional ferritin has designed and synthesized: RC-Fn, a genetically engineered ferritin nanocage with RGD peptide and WYRGRL peptide on the surface. The RGD can target the integrin αvβ3 of BMSCs and promote proliferation, and the WYRGRL peptide has an inherent affinity for the cartilage matrix component of collagen II protein. RC-Fn nanocages have an ideal size for penetrating the proteoglycan network of cartilage. Thus, intra-articularly injected RC-Fn with KGN loading can convert the articular cavity from a barrier into a reservoir to prevent rapid release and clearance of KGN and exogenous BMSCs, which results in efficient and persistent chondrogenesis in cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Haimin Chen
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| | - Zainen Qin
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| | - Siwen Guan
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| | - Lai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Xin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Yi He
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Chengchao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
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21
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Yuan Z, Long T, Zhang J, Lyu Z, Zhang W, Meng X, Qi J, Wang Y. 3D printed porous sulfonated polyetheretherketone scaffold for cartilage repair: Potential and limitation. J Orthop Translat 2022; 33:90-106. [PMID: 35330941 PMCID: PMC8913250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The treatment of cartilage lesions has always been a difficult problem. Although cartilage tissue engineering provides alternative treatment options for cartilage lesions, biodegradable tissue engineering scaffolds have limitations. Methods In this study, we constructed a porous PEEK scaffold via 3D printing, surface-engineered with concentrated sulfuric acid for 15 s (SPK-15), 30 s (SPK-30), and 60 s (SPK-60). We systematically evaluated the physical and chemical characteristics and biofunctionalities of the scaffolds, and then evaluated the macrophage polarization modulating ability and anti-inflammatory effects of the sulfonated PEEK, and observed the cartilage-protective effect of SPK using a co-culture study. We further evaluated the repair effect of PEEK and SPK by implanting the prosthetic scaffold into a cartilage defect in a rabbit model. Results Compared to the PEEK, SPK-15 and SPK-60 scaffolds, SPK-30 has a good micro/nanostructure, appropriate biomechanical properties (compressive modulus, 43 ± 5 MPa; Shaw hardness, 20.6 ± 1.3 HD; close to native cartilage, 30 ± 8 MPa, 17.8 ± 0.8 HD), and superior biofunctionalities. Compared to PEEK, sulfonated PEEK can favor macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype, which increases anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Furthermore, SPK can also prevent macrophage-induced cartilage degeneration. The in-vivo animal experiment demonstrates that SPK can favor new tissue ingrowth and integration, prevent peri-scaffold cartilage degeneration and patellar cartilage degeneration, inhibit inflammatory cytokine secretion, and promote cartilage function restoration. Conclusion The present study confirmed that the 3D printed porous sulfonated PEEK scaffold could promote cartilage functional repair, and suggests a new promising strategy for treating cartilage defects with a functional prosthesis that spontaneously inhibits nearby cartilage degeneration. Translational potential of this article In the present study, we propose a new cartilage repair strategy based on a porous, non-biodegradable polyetheretherketone (PEEK) scaffold, which may bring up a new treatment route for elderly patients with cartilage lesions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Yuan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Long
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuocheng Lyu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangchao Meng
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Qi
- Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author.
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22
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The Expression Levels and Significance of GSH, MDA, SOD, and 8-OHdG in Osteochondral Defects of Rabbit Knee Joints. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6916179. [PMID: 35097125 PMCID: PMC8791730 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6916179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To observe the dynamic changes in oxidative stress and the expression levels of antioxidant and oxidative parameters in the blood and synovial fluid in the osteochondral defects of the rabbit knee joints and to explore the significance. Methods Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly selected and divided into a blank control group (n = 10), a model control group (n = 10), and an osteochondral defect group (n = 10). The osteochondral defect model of rabbit knee joint was constructed by medial parapatellar arthrotomy. The expression levels of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in peripheral venous blood and knee synovial fluid of the three groups were measured at the end of the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks after treatment. Results The expression levels of GSH and SOD in the blood and synovial fluid in the osteochondral defect group at the end of the 8th and 12th weeks were observably lower than those of the other two groups (P < 0.05); higher expression levels of MDA and 8-OHdG in the blood and synovial fluid of the osteochondral defect group compared with those of the other two groups were obtained (P < 0.05). At the end of the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks, the expression levels of MDA and 8-OHdG in the blood and synovial fluid of the osteochondral defect group presented an upward trend (P < 0.05). Conclusion The osteochondral defects initiate the oxidative stress in the body, which is presented as the decrease of GSH and SOD expression, and the upregulation of MDA and 8-OHdG expression.
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23
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Luo SC, Zheng X, Kankala RK, Wang SB, Chen AZ. Advances in Engineered Three-Dimensional (3D) Body Articulation Unit Models. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:213-235. [PMID: 35087267 PMCID: PMC8789231 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s344036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Indeed, the body articulation units, commonly referred to as body joints, play significant roles in the musculoskeletal system, enabling body flexibility. Nevertheless, these articulation units suffer from several pathological conditions, such as osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis, gout, and psoriatic arthritis. There exist several treatment modalities based on the utilization of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, which can reduce or control the pathophysiological symptoms. Despite the success, these treatment modalities suffer from major shortcomings of enormous cost and poor recovery, limiting their applicability and requiring promising strategies. To address these limitations, several engineering strategies have been emerged as promising solutions in fabricating the body articulation as unit models towards local articulation repair for tissue regeneration and high-throughput screening for drug development. In this article, we present challenges related to the selection of biomaterials (natural and synthetic sources), construction of 3D articulation models (scaffold-free, scaffold-based, and organ-on-a-chip), architectural designs (microfluidics, bioprinting, electrospinning, and biomineralization), and the type of culture conditions (growth factors and active peptides). Then, we emphasize the applicability of these articulation units for emerging biomedical applications of drug screening and tissue repair/regeneration. In conclusion, we put forward the challenges and difficulties for the further clinical application of the in vitro 3D articulation unit models in terms of the long-term high activity of the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, 523059, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Chang Luo
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai-Zheng Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
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Chen K, Chen H, Gao H, Zhou W, Zheng S, Chen Y, Zhang S, Yao Y. Effect of passage number of genetically modified TGF-β3 expressing primary chondrocytes on the chondrogenesis of ATDC5 cells in a 3D coculture system. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac489e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Due to the lack of blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics, articular cartilage is difficult to repair once damaged. Tissue engineering is considered to be a potential strategy for cartilage regeneration. Successful tissue engineering strategies depend on the effective combination of biomaterials, seed cells and biological factors. In our previous study, a genetically modified coculture system with chondrocytes and ATDC5 cells in an alginate hydrogel has exhibited a superior ability to enhance chondrogenesis. In this study, we further evaluated the influence of chondrocytes at various passages on chondrogenesis in the coculture system. The results demonstrated that transfection efficiency was hardly influenced by the passage of chondrocytes. The coculture system with passage 5 (P5) chondrocytes had a better effect on chondrogenesis of ATDC 5 cells, while chondrocytes in this coculture system presented higher levels of dedifferentiation than other groups with P1 or P3 chondrocytes. Therefore, P5 chondrocytes were shown to be more suitable for the coculture system, as they accumulated in sufficient cell numbers with more passages and had a higher level of dedifferentiation, which was prone to form a favorable niche for chondrogenesis of ATDC5 cells. This study may provide fresh insights for future cartilage tissue engineering strategies with a combination of a coculture system and advanced biomaterials.
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25
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A rabbit femoral trochlear defect model for chondral and osteochondral regeneration. ACTA VET BRNO 2022. [DOI: 10.2754/avb202291030293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage degeneration represents one of the main features of osteoarthritis. Recently, novel approaches based on biomaterials have been successfully applied to osteochondral regeneration. Our study was carried out on rabbits to assess a model of articular cartilage damage to test biomaterials for osteochondral regeneration. We created osteochondral defects on the surface of the trochlear groove area of the femurs in 15 white male New Zealand rabbits of the size of 3 mm × 3 mm (diameter × depth). Rabbits were then monitored and samples were collected 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after the operation. The reconstruction of defects was assessed macroscopically according to the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) scale and radiography (X-ray). For microscopic evaluation, haematoxylin-eosin staining and safranin O staining were used. The defects were repaired by regenerative tissue, and the recovery results gradually increased after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks, showing both microscopically and macroscopically. However, the regenerative tissue was mainly fibrous connective tissue, not cartilage or bone. This is a model of articular cartilage damage that is suitable for early screening of preclinical studies related to osteochondral regeneration using biomaterials.
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26
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Levingstone TJ, Moran C, Almeida HV, Kelly DJ, O'Brien FJ. Layer-specific stem cell differentiation in tri-layered tissue engineering biomaterials: Towards development of a single-stage cell-based approach for osteochondral defect repair. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100173. [PMID: 34901823 PMCID: PMC8640516 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful repair of osteochondral defects is challenging, due in part to their complex gradient nature. Tissue engineering approaches have shown promise with the development of layered scaffolds that aim to promote cartilage and bone regeneration within the defect. The clinical potential of implanting these scaffolds cell-free has been demonstrated, whereby cells from the host bone marrow MSCs infiltrate the scaffolds and promote cartilage and bone regeneration within the required regions of the defect. However, seeding the cartilage layer of the scaffold with a chondrogenic cell population prior to implantation may enhance cartilage tissue regeneration, thus enabling the treatment of larger defects. Here the development of a cell seeding approach capable of enhancing articular cartilage repair without the requirement for in vitro expansion of the cell population is explored. The intrinsic ability of a tri-layered scaffold previously developed in our group to direct stem cell differentiation in each layer of the scaffold was first demonstrated. Following this, the optimal chondrogenic cell seeding approach capable of enhancing the regenerative capacity of the tri-layered scaffold was demonstrated with the highest levels of chondrogenesis achieved with a co-culture of rapidly isolated infrapatellar fat pad MSCs (FPMSCs) and chondrocytes (CCs). The addition of FPMSCs to a relatively small number of CCs led to a 7.8-fold increase in the sGAG production over chondrocytes in mono-culture. This cell seeding approach has the potential to be delivered within a single-stage approach, without the requirement for costly in vitro expansion of harvested cells, to achieve rapid repair of osteochondral defects. Tri-layered scaffold capable of directing layer specific stem cell differentiation. Potential of cell seeding regimes to enhance chondrogenic repair explored. Optimal cell seeding regime was an infrapatellar fat pad MSC:chondrocyte coculture. Adding infrapatellar fat pad MSCs to chondrocytes led to >7-fold increase in sGAG. This cell-seeded scaffold has potential for rapid repair of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya J. Levingstone
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, 9, Ireland
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research (MEDeng), Dublin City University, Dublin, 9, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin, 9, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
| | - Conor Moran
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
| | - Henrique V. Almeida
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Daniel J. Kelly
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, 9, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
- Corresponding author. Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland.
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27
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Paggi CA, Dudakovic A, Fu Y, Garces CG, Hevesi M, Galeano Garces D, Dietz AB, van Wijnen AJ, Karperien M. Autophagy Is Involved in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Death in Coculture with Chondrocytes. Cartilage 2021; 13:969S-979S. [PMID: 32693629 PMCID: PMC8721613 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520941227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cartilage formation is stimulated in mixtures of chondrocytes and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) both in vitro and in vivo. During coculture, human MSCs perish. The goal of this study is to elucidate the mechanism by which adipose tissue-derived MSC cell death occurs in the presence of chondrocytes. METHODS Human primary chondrocytes were cocultured with human MSCs derived from 3 donors. The cells were cultured in monoculture or coculture (20% chondrocytes and 80% MSCs) in pellets (200,000 cells/pellet) for 7 days in chondrocyte proliferation media in hypoxia (2% O2). RNA sequencing was performed to assess for differences in gene expression between monocultures or coculture. Immune fluorescence assays were performed to determine the presence of caspase-3, LC3B, and P62. RESULTS RNA sequencing revealed significant upregulation of >90 genes in the 3 cocultures when compared with monocultures. STRING analysis showed interconnections between >50 of these genes. Remarkably, 75% of these genes play a role in cell death pathways such as apoptosis and autophagy. Immunofluorescence shows a clear upregulation of the autophagic machinery with no substantial activation of the apoptotic pathway. CONCLUSION In cocultures of human MSCs with primary chondrocytes, autophagy is involved in the disappearance of MSCs. We propose that this sacrificial cell death may contribute to the trophic effects of MSCs on cartilage formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Alberto Paggi
- Department of Developmental
BioEngineering, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Developmental
BioEngineering, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | | | - Mario Hevesi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Allan B. Dietz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and
Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Andre J. van Wijnen, Department of
Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, MedSci 3-69, Rochester, MN
5590, USA.
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental
BioEngineering, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands,Marcel Karperien, Department of
Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, 7522 NB, Enschede,
Netherlands.
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Wu CC, Tarng YW, Hsu DZ, Srinivasan P, Yeh YC, Lai YP, Hsieh DJ. Supercritical carbon dioxide decellularized porcine cartilage graft with PRP attenuated OA progression and regenerated articular cartilage in ACLT-induced OA rats. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:1118-1130. [PMID: 34581513 DOI: 10.1002/term.3252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative articular disorder and considered one of the primary causes of pain and functional disability. Knee OA is prevalent in 10% of men and 13% of women aged 60 years above. The study aims to use cartilage tissue engineering that combines the triads of decellularized porcine cartilage graft as "scaffold," plasma rich platelet (PRP) as "signal" and chondrocytes from rat as "cell" to attenuate ACLT-induced OA progression and regenerate the knee cartilage in rats. Decellularization of the porcine cartilage was characterized by hematoxylin and eosin, 4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, scanning electron microscopy and residual DNA quantification. The protective effect of decellularized porcine cartilage graft (dPCG) was evaluated by intra-articular administration in surgically induced anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) rat osteoarthritis (OA) model. Supercritical carbon dioxide technology completely decellularized the porcine cartilage. Intra-articular administration of dPCG with or without PRP significantly reduced the ACLT-induced OA symptoms and attenuated the OA progression. Pain-relief by dPCG with or without PRP was assessed by capacitance meter and improved articular cartilage damage in the rat knee was characterized by X-ray and micro-CT. Besides, the histological analysis depicted cartilage protection by dPCG with or without PRP. The repairation and attenuation effect by dPCG with or without PRP in the articular knee cartilage damage were also explored by safranin-O, type II collagen, aggrecan and SOX-9 immuno-staining. To conclude, intra-articular administration of dPCG with or without PRP is efficient in repairing the damaged cartilage in the experimental OA model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yih-Wen Tarng
- Department of Orthopedic, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung city, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Dur-Zong Hsu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Yi-Chun Yeh
- R&D Center, ACRO Biomedical Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ping Lai
- R&D Center, ACRO Biomedical Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Dar-Jen Hsieh
- R&D Center, ACRO Biomedical Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC
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Kresakova L, Danko J, Vdoviakova K, Medvecky L, Zert Z, Petrovova E, Varga M, Spakovska T, Pribula J, Gasparek M, Giretova M, Stulajterova R, Kolvek F, Andrejcakova Z, Simaiova V, Kadasi M, Vrabec V, Toth T, Hura V. In Vivo Study of Osteochondral Defect Regeneration Using Innovative Composite Calcium Phosphate Biocement in a Sheep Model. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4471. [PMID: 34442993 PMCID: PMC8398687 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the therapeutic effect and regenerative potential of the novel, amino acids-enriched acellular biocement (CAL) based on calcium phosphate on osteochondral defects in sheep. Eighteen sheep were divided into three groups, the treated group (osteochondral defects filled with a CAL biomaterial), the treated group with a biocement without amino acids (C cement), and the untreated group (spontaneous healing). Cartilages of all three groups were compared with natural cartilage (negative control). After six months, sheep were evaluated by gross appearance, histological staining, immunohistochemical staining, histological scores, X-ray, micro-CT, and MRI. Treatment of osteochondral defects by CAL resulted in efficient articular cartilage regeneration, with a predominant structural and histological characteristic of hyaline cartilage, contrary to fibrocartilage, fibrous tissue or disordered mixed tissue on untreated defect (p < 0.001, modified O'Driscoll score). MRI results of treated defects showed well-integrated and regenerated cartilage with similar signal intensity, regularity of the articular surface, and cartilage thickness with respect to adjacent native cartilage. We have demonstrated that the use of new biocement represents an effective solution for the successful treatment of osteochondral defects in a sheep animal model, can induce an endogenous regeneration of cartilage in situ, and provides several benefits for the design of future therapies supporting osteochondral defect healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Kresakova
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (J.D.); (K.V.); (E.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Jan Danko
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (J.D.); (K.V.); (E.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Katarina Vdoviakova
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (J.D.); (K.V.); (E.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Lubomir Medvecky
- Division of Functional and Hybrid Systems, Institute of Materials Research of SAS, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (L.M.); (M.G.); (R.S.)
| | - Zdenek Zert
- Clinic of Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (Z.Z.); (F.K.); (V.H.)
| | - Eva Petrovova
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (J.D.); (K.V.); (E.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Maros Varga
- Hospital AGEL Kosice-Saca, Lucna 57, 040 15 Kosice-Saca, Slovakia; (M.V.); (T.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Tatiana Spakovska
- Hospital AGEL Kosice-Saca, Lucna 57, 040 15 Kosice-Saca, Slovakia; (M.V.); (T.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Jozef Pribula
- Hospital AGEL Kosice-Saca, Lucna 57, 040 15 Kosice-Saca, Slovakia; (M.V.); (T.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Miroslav Gasparek
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK;
| | - Maria Giretova
- Division of Functional and Hybrid Systems, Institute of Materials Research of SAS, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (L.M.); (M.G.); (R.S.)
| | - Radoslava Stulajterova
- Division of Functional and Hybrid Systems, Institute of Materials Research of SAS, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (L.M.); (M.G.); (R.S.)
| | - Filip Kolvek
- Clinic of Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (Z.Z.); (F.K.); (V.H.)
| | - Zuzana Andrejcakova
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Veronika Simaiova
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (J.D.); (K.V.); (E.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Marian Kadasi
- Clinic of Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Vladimir Vrabec
- Clinic of Birds, Exotic and Free Living Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Teodor Toth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Measurement, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, Letna 9, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Vladimir Hura
- Clinic of Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia; (Z.Z.); (F.K.); (V.H.)
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Şahin AA, Değirmenci E, Özturan KE, Fırat T, Kükner A. Effects of adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction on osteochondral defects treated by hyaluronic acid-based scaffold: An experimental study. Jt Dis Relat Surg 2021; 32:347-354. [PMID: 34145810 PMCID: PMC8343862 DOI: 10.52312/jdrs.2021.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the effect of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on osteochondral defects treated by hyaluronic acid (HA)-based scaffold in a rabbit model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen white New Zealand rabbits were randomly grouped into the experimental group (n=9) and control group (n=9). In all groups, osteochondral defects were induced on the weight-bearing surfaces of the right femoral medial condyles, and a HA-based scaffold was applied to the defect area with microfractures (MFs). In this study, 1 mL of adipose-derived SVF was injected into the knee joints of the rabbits in the experimental group. For histological and macroscopic evaluation, four rabbits were randomly selected from each group at Week 4, and the remaining rabbits were sacrificed at the end of Week 8. Macroscopic assessments of all samples were performed based on the Brittberg scoring system, and microscopic evaluations were performed based on the O'Driscoll scores. RESULTS Samples were taken at Weeks 4 and 8. At Week 4, the O'Driscoll scores were significantly higher in the control group than the experimental group (p=0.038), while there was no significant difference in the Brittberg scores between the two groups (p=0.108). At Week 8, the O'Driscoll score and Brittberg scores were statistically higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p=0.008 and p=0.007, respectively). According to the microscopic evaluation, at the end of Week 8, the cartilage thickness was greater in the experimental group, and nearly all of the defect area was filled with hyaline cartilage. CONCLUSION Application of adipose-derived SVF with MF-HA-based scaffold was better than MF-HA-based scaffold treatment in improving osteochondral regeneration. Therefore, it can be used in combination with microfracture and scaffold to accelerate cartilage regeneration, particularly in the treatment of secondary osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alper Şahin
- Ordu Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği, 52200 Altınordu, Ordu, Türkiye.
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31
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Kou L, Jiang X, Lin X, Huang H, Wang J, Yao Q, Chen R. Matrix Metalloproteinase Inspired Therapeutic Strategies for Bone Diseases. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:451-467. [PMID: 32603279 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200630140735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), as a family of zinc-containing enzymes, show the function of decomposing Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and participate in the physiological processes of cell migration, growth, inflammation, and metabolism. Clinical and experimental studies have indicated that MMPs play an essential role in tissue injury and repair as well as tumor diagnosis, metastasis, and prognosis. An increasing number of researchers have paid attention to their functions and mechanisms in bone health and diseases. The present review focuses on MMPs-inspired therapeutic strategies for the treatment of bone-related diseases. We introduce the role of MMPs in bone diseases, highlight the MMPs-inspired therapeutic options, and posit MMPs as a trigger for smart cell/drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfa Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinlu Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huirong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qing Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruijie Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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32
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Su Y, Toftdal MS, Le Friec A, Dong M, Han X, Chen M. 3D Electrospun Synthetic Extracellular Matrix for Tissue Regeneration. SMALL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Mette Steen Toftdal
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
- Stem Cell Delivery and Pharmacology Novo Nordisk A/S DK-2760 Måløv Denmark
| | - Alice Le Friec
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Xiaojun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Menglin Chen
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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Brose TZ, Kubosch EJ, Schmal H, Stoddart MJ, Armiento AR. Crosstalk Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Chondrocytes: The Hidden Therapeutic Potential for Cartilage Regeneration. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1647-1665. [PMID: 33954877 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage injuries following trauma create a puzzling clinical scenario. The finite reparative potential of articular cartilage is well known, and injuries are associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. Cell-based therapies have spotlighted chondrocytes and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as the functional unit of articular cartilage and the progenitor cells, respectively. The available clinical treatments cannot reproduce the biomechanical properties of articular cartilage and call for continuous investigations into alternative approaches. Co-cultures of chondrocytes and MSCs are an attractive in vitro system to step closer to the in vivo multicellular environment's complexity. Research on the mechanisms of interaction between both cell types will reveal essential cues to understand cartilage regeneration. This review describes the latest discoveries on these interactions, along with advantages and main challenges in vitro and in vivo. The successful clinical translation of in vitro studies requires establishing rigorous standards and clinically relevant research models and an organ-targeting therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Z Brose
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva J Kubosch
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Angela R Armiento
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
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Mustapich T, Schwartz J, Palacios P, Liang H, Sgaglione N, Grande DA. A Novel Strategy to Enhance Microfracture Treatment With Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 in a Rat Model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:595932. [PMID: 33634095 PMCID: PMC7902012 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.595932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microfracture is one of the most widely used techniques for the repair of articular cartilage. However, microfracture often results in filling of the chondral defect with fibrocartilage, which exhibits poor durability and sub-optimal mechanical properties. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a potent chemoattractant for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and is expressed at high levels in bone marrow adjacent to developing cartilage during endochondral bone formation. Integrating SDF-1 into an implantable collagen scaffold may provide a chondro-conductive and chondro-inductive milieu via chemotaxis of MSCs and promotion of chondrogenic differentiation, facilitating more robust hyaline cartilage formation following microfracture. Objective This work aimed to confirm the chemoattractive properties of SDF-1 in vitro and develop a one-step method for incorporating SDF-1 in vivo to enhance cartilage repair using a rat osteochondral defect model. Methods Bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were harvested from the femurs of Sprague–Dawley rats and cultured in low-glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, with the medium changed every 3 days. Passage 1 MSCs were analyzed by flow cytometry with an S3 Cell Sorter (Bio-Rad). In vitro cell migration assays were performed on MSCs by labeling cells with carboxyfluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester (CFDA-SE; Bio-Rad). For the microfracture model, a 1.6-mm-diameter osteochondral defect was created in the femoral trochleae of 20 Sprague–Dawley rats bilaterally until bone marrow spillage was seen under saline irrigation. One knee was chosen at random to receive implantation of the scaffold, and the contralateral knee was left unfilled as an empty control. Type I collagen scaffolds (Kensey Nash) were coated with either gelatin only or gelatin and SDF-1 using a dip coating process. The rats received implantation of either a gelatin-only scaffold (N = 10) or gelatin-and-SDF-1 scaffold (N = 10) at the site of the microfracture. Femurs were collected for histological analyses at 4- and 8-week time points post-operatively, and sections were stained with Safranin O/Fast Green. The samples were graded blindly by two observers using the Modified O’Driscoll score, a validated scoring system for chondral repair. A minimum of 10 separate grading scores were made per sample and averaged. Quantitative comparisons of cell migration in vitro were performed with one-way ANOVA. Cartilage repair in vivo was also compared among groups with one-way ANOVA, and the results were presented as mean ± standard deviation, with P-values < 0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results MSC migration showed a dose–response relationship with SDF-1, with an optimal dosage for chemotaxis between 10 and 100 ng/ml. After scaffold implantation, the SDF-1-treated group demonstrated complete filling of the cartilage defect with mature cartilage tissue, exhibiting strong proteoglycan content, smooth borders, and good incorporation into marginal cartilage. Modified O’Driscoll scores after 8 weeks showed a significant improvement of cartilage repair in the SDF-1 group relative to the empty control group (P < 0.01), with a trend toward improvement when compared with the gelatin-only-scaffold group (P < 0.1). No significant differences in scores were found between the empty defect group and gelatin-only group. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated a simple method for improving the quality of cartilage defect repair in a rat model of microfracture. We confirmed the chemotactic properties of SDF-1 on rat MSCs and found an optimized dosage range for chemotaxis between 10 and 100 ng/ml. Furthermore, we demonstrated a strategy to incorporate SDF-1 into gelatin–collagen I scaffolds in vivo at the site of an osteochondral defect. SDF-1-treated defects displayed robust hyaline cartilage resurfacing of the defect with minimal fibrous tissue, in contrast to the empty control group. The results of the in vitro and in vivo studies together suggest that SDF-1-mediated signaling may significantly improve the quality of cartilage regeneration in an osteochondral defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Mustapich
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - John Schwartz
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Pablo Palacios
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Haixiang Liang
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Nicholas Sgaglione
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, United States
| | - Daniel A Grande
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, United States
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Regenerative Medicine for Equine Musculoskeletal Diseases. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11010234. [PMID: 33477808 PMCID: PMC7832834 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lameness due to musculoskeletal disease is the most common diagnosis in equine veterinary practice. Many of these orthopaedic disorders are chronic problems, for which no clinically satisfactory treatment exists. Thus, high hopes are pinned on regenerative medicine, which aims to replace or regenerate cells, tissues, or organs to restore or establish normal function. Some regenerative medicine therapies have already made their way into equine clinical practice mainly to treat tendon injures, tendinopathies, cartilage injuries and degenerative joint disorders with promising but diverse results. This review summarises the current knowledge of commonly used regenerative medicine treatments and critically discusses their use. Abstract Musculoskeletal injuries and chronic degenerative diseases commonly affect both athletic and sedentary horses and can entail the end of their athletic careers. The ensuing repair processes frequently do not yield fully functional regeneration of the injured tissues but biomechanically inferior scar or replacement tissue, causing high reinjury rates, degenerative disease progression and chronic morbidity. Regenerative medicine is an emerging, rapidly evolving branch of translational medicine that aims to replace or regenerate cells, tissues, or organs to restore or establish normal function. It includes tissue engineering but also cell-based and cell-free stimulation of endogenous self-repair mechanisms. Some regenerative medicine therapies have made their way into equine clinical practice mainly to treat tendon injures, tendinopathies, cartilage injuries and degenerative joint disorders with promising results. However, the qualitative and quantitative spatiotemporal requirements for specific bioactive factors to trigger tissue regeneration in the injury response are still unknown, and consequently, therapeutic approaches and treatment results are diverse. To exploit the full potential of this burgeoning field of medicine, further research will be required and is ongoing. This review summarises the current knowledge of commonly used regenerative medicine treatments in equine patients and critically discusses their use.
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Saygili E, Kaya E, Ilhan-Ayisigi E, Saglam-Metiner P, Alarcin E, Kazan A, Girgic E, Kim YW, Gunes K, Eren-Ozcan GG, Akakin D, Sun JY, Yesil-Celiktas O. An alginate-poly(acrylamide) hydrogel with TGF-β3 loaded nanoparticles for cartilage repair: Biodegradability, biocompatibility and protein adsorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:381-393. [PMID: 33476613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Current implantable materials are limited in terms of function as native tissue, and there is still no effective clinical treatment to restore articular impairments. Hereby, a functionalized polyacrylamide (PAAm)-alginate (Alg) Double Network (DN) hydrogel acting as an articular-like tissue is developed. These hydrogels sustain their mechanical stability under different temperature (+4 °C, 25 °C, 40 °C) and humidity conditions (60% and 75%) over 3 months. As for the functionalization, transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-β3) encapsulated (NPTGF-β3) and empty poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) are synthesized by using microfluidic platform, wherein the mean particle sizes are determined as 81.44 ± 9.2 nm and 126 ± 4.52 nm with very low polydispersity indexes (PDI) of 0.194 and 0.137, respectively. Functionalization process of PAAm-Alg hydrogels with ester-end PLGA NPs is confirmed by FTIR analysis, and higher viscoelasticity is obtained for functionalized hydrogels. Moreover, cartilage regeneration capability of these hydrogels is evaluated with in vitro and in vivo experiments. Compared with the PAAm-Alg hydrogels, functionalized formulations exhibit a better cell viability. Histological staining, and score distribution confirmed that proposed hydrogels significantly enhance regeneration of cartilage in rats due to stable hydrogel matrix and controlled release of TGF-β3. These findings demonstrated that PAAm-Alg hydrogels showed potential for cartilage repair and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Saygili
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Kaya
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Ilhan-Ayisigi
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pelin Saglam-Metiner
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emine Alarcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslihan Kazan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, 16310 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Girgic
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kasim Gunes
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Dilek Akakin
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ozlem Yesil-Celiktas
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
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Fu Y, Paggi CA, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ, Post JN, Karperien M. Engineering Cartilage Tissue by Co-culturing of Chondrocytes and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2221:53-70. [PMID: 32979198 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0989-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Co-culture of chondrocytes and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been shown to be beneficial in engineering cartilage tissue in vitro. In these co-cultures, MSCs increase the proliferation and matrix deposition of chondrocytes. The MSCs accomplish this beneficial effect by so-called trophic actions. Thus, large cartilage constructs can be made with a relatively small number of chondrocytes. In this chapter, we describe different methods for making co-cultures of MSCs and chondrocytes. We also provide detailed protocols for analyzing MSC-chondrocyte co-cultures with cell tracking, proliferation assays, species-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCR), rheological analysis, compression analysis, RNA-sequencing analysis, short tandem repeats analysis, and biochemical examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Fu
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo A Paggi
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Janine N Post
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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Deszcz I, Lis-Nawara A, Grelewski P, Dragan S, Bar J. Utility of direct 3D co-culture model for chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on hyaluronan scaffold (Hyaff-11). Regen Biomater 2020; 7:543-552. [PMID: 33365140 PMCID: PMC7748442 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents direct 2D and 3D co-culture model of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) line with chondrocytes isolated from patients with osteoarthritis (unaffected area). MSCs differentiation into chondrocytes after 14, 17 days was checked by estimation of collagen I, II, X, aggrecan expression using immunohistochemistry. Visualization, localization of cells on Hyaff-11 was performed using enzymatic technique and THUNDER Imaging Systems. Results showed, that MSCs/chondrocytes 3D co-culture induced suitable conditions for chondrocytes grow and MSCs differentiation than 2D monoculture. Despite that differentiated cells on Hyaff-11 expressed collagen X, they showed high collagen II (80%) and aggrecan (60%) expression with simultaneous decrease of collagen I expression (10%). The high concentration of differentiated cells on Hyaff-11, indicate that this structure has an impact on cells cooperation and communication. In conclusion, we suggest that high expression of collagen II and aggrecan in 3D co-culture model, indicate that cooperation between different subpopulations may have synergistic impact on MSCs chondrogenic potential. Revealed the high concentration and localization of cells growing in deeper layers of membrane in 3D co-culture, indicate that induced microenvironmental enhance cell migration within scaffold. Additionally, we suggest that co-culture model might be useful for construction a bioactive structure for cartilage tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Deszcz
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida 44, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Lis-Nawara
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida 44, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Grelewski
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida 44, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Dragan
- Department and Clinic of Orthopedic and Traumatologic Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida 44, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julia Bar
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida 44, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
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Chen Y, Ouyang X, Wu Y, Guo S, Xie Y, Wang G. Co-culture and Mechanical Stimulation on Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Chondrocytes for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:54-60. [PMID: 31660820 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666191029104249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Defects in articular cartilage injury and chronic osteoarthritis are very widespread and common, and the ability of injured cartilage to repair itself is limited. Stem cell-based cartilage tissue engineering provides a promising therapeutic option for articular cartilage damage. However, the application of the technique is limited by the number, source, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells. The co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes is available for cartilage tissue engineering, and mechanical stimulation is an important factor that should not be ignored. A combination of these two approaches, i.e., co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes under mechanical stimulation, can provide sufficient quantity and quality of cells for cartilage tissue engineering, and when combined with scaffold materials and cytokines, this approach ultimately achieves the purpose of cartilage repair and reconstruction. In this review, we focus on the effects of co-culture and mechanical stimulation on mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes for articular cartilage tissue engineering. An in-depth understanding of the impact of co-culture and mechanical stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes can facilitate the development of additional strategies for articular cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Xinli Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yide Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Shaojia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yongfang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Guohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Medicines in Universities of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
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Liu YYF, Lu Y, Oh S, Conduit GJ. Machine learning to predict mesenchymal stem cell efficacy for cartilage repair. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008275. [PMID: 33027251 PMCID: PMC7571701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inconsistent therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine has been documented in many clinical trials. Precise prediction on the therapeutic outcome of a MSC therapy based on the patient's conditions would provide valuable references for clinicians to decide the treatment strategies. In this article, we performed a meta-analysis on MSC therapies for cartilage repair using machine learning. A small database was generated from published in vivo and clinical studies. The unique features of our neural network model in handling missing data and calculating prediction uncertainty enabled precise prediction of post-treatment cartilage repair scores with coefficient of determination of 0.637 ± 0.005. From this model, we identified defect area percentage, defect depth percentage, implantation cell number, body weight, tissue source, and the type of cartilage damage as critical properties that significant impact cartilage repair. A dosage of 17 - 25 million MSCs was found to achieve optimal cartilage repair. Further, critical thresholds at 6% and 64% of cartilage damage in area, and 22% and 56% in depth were predicted to significantly compromise on the efficacy of MSC therapy. This study, for the first time, demonstrated machine learning of patient-specific cartilage repair post MSC therapy. This approach can be applied to identify and investigate more critical properties involved in MSC-induced cartilage repair, and adapted for other clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang Fredrik Liu
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Yin Lu
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Steve Oh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gareth J. Conduit
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Kisiday JD, Schwartz JA, Tangtrongsup S, Goodrich LR, Grande DA. Culture Conditions that Support Expansion and Chondrogenesis of Middle-Aged Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cartilage 2020; 11:364-373. [PMID: 30056741 PMCID: PMC7298599 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518790047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rats are an early preclinical model for cartilage tissue engineering, and a practical species for investigating the effects of aging. However, rats may be a poor aging model for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based on laboratory reports of a severe decline in chondrogenesis beyond young adulthood. Such testing has not been conducted with MSCs seeded in a scaffold, which can improve the propensity of MSCs to undergo chondrogenesis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate chondrogenesis of middle-aged rat MSCs encapsulated in agarose. DESIGN MSCs from 14- to 15-month-old rats were expanded, seeded into agarose, and cultured in chondrogenic medium with or without 5% serum for 15 days. Samples were evaluated for cell viability and cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. Experiments were repeated using MSCs from 6-week-old rats. RESULTS During expansion, middle-aged rat MSCs demonstrated a diminishing proliferation rate that was improved ~2-fold in part by transient exposure to chondrogenic medium. In agarose culture in defined medium, middle-aged rat MSCs accumulated ECM to a much greater extent than negative controls. Serum supplementation improved cell survival ~2-fold, and increased ECM accumulation ~3-fold. Histological analysis indicated that defined medium supported chondrogenesis in a subset of cells, while serum-supplementation increased the frequency of chondrogenic cells. In contrast, young rat MSCs experienced robust chondrogenesis in defined medium that was not improved with serum-supplementation. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate a previously-unreported propensity of middle-aged rat MSCs to undergo chondrogenesis, and the potential of serum to enhance chondrogenesis of aging MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D. Kisiday
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado
State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA,John D. Kisiday, Orthopaedic Research
Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Campus
Delivery 1678, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - John A. Schwartz
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado
State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - Laurie R. Goodrich
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado
State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Daniel A. Grande
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical
Research, North Shore–LIJ Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
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Kim SA, Sur YJ, Cho ML, Go EJ, Kim YH, Shetty AA, Kim SJ. Atelocollagen promotes chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10678. [PMID: 32606308 PMCID: PMC7327030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective engineering approaches for cartilage regeneration involve a combination of cells and biomaterial scaffolds. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important sources for cartilage regeneration. Atelocollagen provides a suitable substrate for MSC attachment and enhancing chondrogenic differentiation. Here, we assessed the chondrogenic potential of adipose tissue derived human MSCs (hMSCs) mixed with atelocollagen gel. We observed cell attachment, viability, and microstructures by electron microscopy over 21 days. The levels of Sox9, type II collagen, aggrecan, type I collagen, Runx2, type X collagen, ALP, Osterix, and MMP13 were measured by RT-qPCR. Cartilage matrix-related proteins were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), histology, and immunohistochemistry. hMSCs of all groups exhibited well-maintained cell survival, distribution and morphology. Abundant type II collagen fibers developed on day 21; while Sox9, type II collagen, and aggrecan expression increased over time in the atelocollagen group. However, type I collagen, RUNX2, type X collagen (CoL10A1), Osterix, and ALP were not expressed. These results corroborated the protein expression detected by ELISA. Further, histological analysis revealed lacunae-like structures, while staining demonstrated glycosaminoglycan accumulation. Cumulatively, these results indicate that atelocollagen scaffolds improve hMSC chondrogenic differentiation and are a potential approach for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Ae Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Joon Sur
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Go
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hwan Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Asode Ananthram Shetty
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, UK
| | - Seok Jung Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Miranda CS, Ribeiro ARM, Homem NC, Felgueiras HP. Spun Biotextiles in Tissue Engineering and Biomolecules Delivery Systems. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E174. [PMID: 32290536 PMCID: PMC7235791 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9040174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, tissue engineering is described as an interdisciplinary field that combines engineering principles and life sciences to generate implantable devices to repair, restore and/or improve functions of injured tissues. Such devices are designed to induce the interaction and integration of tissue and cells within the implantable matrices and are manufactured to meet the appropriate physical, mechanical and physiological local demands. Biodegradable constructs based on polymeric fibers are desirable for tissue engineering due to their large surface area, interconnectivity, open pore structure, and controlled mechanical strength. Additionally, biodegradable constructs are also very sought-out for biomolecule delivery systems with a target-directed action. In the present review, we explore the properties of some of the most common biodegradable polymers used in tissue engineering applications and biomolecule delivery systems and highlight their most important uses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Helena P. Felgueiras
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (C.S.M.); (A.R.M.R.); (N.C.H.)
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Su X, Zhou H, Bao G, Wang J, Liu L, Zheng Q, Guo M, Zhang J. Nanomorphological and mechanical reconstruction of mesenchymal stem cells during early apoptosis detected by atomic force microscopy. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio048108. [PMID: 32086253 PMCID: PMC7132806 DOI: 10.1242/bio.048108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell apoptosis exists widely in embryonic development, tissue regeneration, repair, aging and pathophysiology of disease. The molecular mechanism of stem cell apoptosis has been extensively investigated. However, alterations in biomechanics and nanomorphology have rarely been studied. Therefore, an apoptosis model was established for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the reconstruction of the mechanical properties and nanomorphology of the cells were investigated in detail. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), flow cytometry and Cell Counting Kit-8 analysis were applied to assess the cellular elasticity modulus, geometry, nanomorphology, cell surface ultrastructure, biological viability and early apoptotic signals (phosphatidylserine, PS). The results indicated that the cellular elastic modulus and volume significantly decreased, whereas the cell surface roughness obviously increased during the first 3 h of cytochalasin B (CB) treatment. Moreover, these alterations preceded the exposure of biological apoptotic signal PS. These findings suggested that cellular mechanical damage is connected with the apoptosis of BMSCs, and the alterations in mechanics and nanomorphology may be a sensitive index to detect alterations in cell viability during apoptosis. The results contribute to further understanding of apoptosis from the perspective of cell mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Su
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Haijing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Guangjie Bao
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jizeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Manli Guo
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jinting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
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Mahmoud EE, Adachi N, Mawas AS, Gaarour OS, Ochi M. Coculturing of mesenchymal stem cells of different sources improved regenerative capability of osteochondral defect in the mature rabbit: An in vivo study. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2020; 27:2309499019839850. [PMID: 30955439 DOI: 10.1177/2309499019839850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Choosing a therapeutic cell source for osteochondral repair remains a challenge. The present study investigated coculturing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different sources to provide an improved therapeutic cell option for osteochondral repair. METHODS Dutch and Japanese white rabbits were used in this study, the first for isolating MSCs and the second for creating an osteochondral model in the medial femoral condyle. The 26 rabbit knees were divided randomly into four groups: control ( n = 6), bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) ( n = 7), synovial tissue MSCs (SMSCs) ( n = 7), and cocultured MSCs ( n = 6). Tissue repair was assessed using the Fortier scale, and colony-forming assay was performed. RESULTS At different cell densities, cocultured and SMSCs formed larger colonies than BMSCs, indicating their high proliferative potential. After 2 months, complete filling of the defect with smooth surface regularity was detected in the cocultured MSC group, although there was no significant difference among the therapeutic groups macroscopically. Also, tissue repair was histologically better in the cocultured MSC group than in the control and SMSC groups, due to repair of the subchondral bone and coverage with hyaline cartilage. Additionally, toluidine blue and collagen-II staining intensity in the repaired tissue was better in the cocultured MSC group than in the remaining groups. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that cocultured MSCs are a suitable option for the regeneration capability of osteochondral defects due to their enhanced osteochondrogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nobuo Adachi
- 2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Amany Sayed Mawas
- 3 Department of Pathology & Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Osama Samir Gaarour
- 4 Department of orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Mitsuo Ochi
- 2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Meng X, Ziadlou R, Grad S, Alini M, Wen C, Lai Y, Qin L, Zhao Y, Wang X. Animal Models of Osteochondral Defect for Testing Biomaterials. Biochem Res Int 2020; 2020:9659412. [PMID: 32082625 PMCID: PMC7007938 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9659412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of osteochondral defects (OCD) remains a great challenge in orthopaedics. Tissue engineering holds a good promise for regeneration of OCD. In the light of tissue engineering, it is critical to establish an appropriate animal model to evaluate the degradability, biocompatibility, and interaction of implanted biomaterials with host bone/cartilage tissues for OCD repair in vivo. Currently, model animals that are commonly deployed to create osteochondral lesions range from rats, rabbits, dogs, pigs, goats, and sheep horses to nonhuman primates. It is essential to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model in terms of the accuracy and effectiveness of the experiment. Therefore, this review aims to introduce the common animal models of OCD for testing biomaterials and to discuss their applications in translational research. In addition, we have reviewed surgical protocols for establishing OCD models and biomaterials that promote osteochondral regeneration. For small animals, the non-load-bearing region such as the groove of femoral condyle is commonly chosen for testing degradation, biocompatibility, and interaction of implanted biomaterials with host tissues. For large animals, closer to clinical application, the load-bearing region (medial femoral condyle) is chosen for testing the durability and healing outcome of biomaterials. This review provides an important reference for selecting a suitable animal model for the development of new strategies for osteochondral regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Reihane Ziadlou
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Sibylle Grad
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuxiao Lai
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinluan Wang
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Le H, Xu W, Zhuang X, Chang F, Wang Y, Ding J. Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420943839. [PMID: 32922718 PMCID: PMC7457700 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420943839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage injuries are typically caused by trauma, chronic overload, and autoimmune diseases. Owing to the avascular structure and low metabolic activities of chondrocytes, cartilage generally does not self-repair following an injury. Currently, clinical interventions for cartilage injuries include chondrocyte implantation, microfracture, and osteochondral transplantation. However, rather than restoring cartilage integrity, these methods only postpone further cartilage deterioration. Stem cell therapies, especially mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) therapies, were found to be a feasible strategy in the treatment of cartilage injuries. MSCs can easily be isolated from mesenchymal tissue and be differentiated into chondrocytes with the support of chondrogenic factors or scaffolds to repair damaged cartilage tissue. In this review, we highlighted the full success of cartilage repair using MSCs, or MSCs in combination with chondrogenic factors and scaffolds, and predicted their pros and cons for prospective translation to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiang Le
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Weiguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Fei Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Biobank, Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China
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Cipollaro L, Ciardulli MC, Della Porta G, Peretti GM, Maffulli N. Biomechanical issues of tissue-engineered constructs for articular cartilage regeneration: in vitro and in vivo approaches. Br Med Bull 2019; 132:53-80. [PMID: 31854445 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldz034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the limited regenerative capacity of injured articular cartilage, the absence of suitable therapeutic options has encouraged tissue-engineering approaches for its regeneration or replacement. SOURCES OF DATA Published articles in any language identified in PubMed and Scopus electronic databases up to August 2019 about the in vitro and in vivo properties of cartilage engineered constructs. A total of 64 articles were included following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Regenerated cartilage lacks the biomechanical and biological properties of native articular cartilage. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY There are many different approaches about the development of the architecture and the composition of the scaffolds. GROWING POINTS Novel tissue engineering strategies focus on the development of cartilaginous biomimetic materials able to repair cartilage lesions in association to cell, trophic factors and gene therapies. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH A multi-layer design and a zonal organization of the constructs may lead to achieve cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Cipollaro
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Giuseppe M Peretti
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent, UK
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Wu S, Kai Z, Wang D, Tao L, Zhang P, Wang D, Liu D, Sun S, Zhong J. Allogenic chondrocyte/osteoblast-loaded β-tricalcium phosphate bioceramic scaffolds for articular cartilage defect treatment. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:1570-1576. [PMID: 31007085 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1604534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The medical community has expressed significant interest in the treatment of cartilage defect. Successful repair of articular cartilage defects remains a challenge in clinics. Due to the huge advantages of 3D micro/nanomaterials, 3D artificial micro/nano scaffolds have been widely developed and explored in the tissue repair of articular joints. In this study, chondrocyte/osteoblast-loaded β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bioceramic scaffold and chondrocyte-loaded β-TCP bioceramic scaffold were prepared by micromass stem cell culture and bioreactor-based cells-loaded scaffold culture for articular cartilage defect treatment. The results demonstrate chondrocyte and osteoblast can be successfully induced from allogeneic bone marrow stromal cells using micromass stem cell culture. Further, chondrocyte-loaded β-TCP scaffold and osteoblast-loaded β-TCP scaffold can be successfully prepared by bioreactor-based cells-loaded scaffold culture. Finally, the scaffolds are applied for Beagle articular cartilage defect treatment. The relative cartilage regeneration abilities on Beagle femoral trochleae were as follows: Chondrocyte/osteoblast-loaded β-TCP bioceramic scaffold group > chondrocyte-loaded β-TCP bioceramic scaffold group > β-TCP bioceramic scaffold. Therefore, micromass stem cell culture and bioreactor-based cells-loaded scaffold culture can be applied to prepare chondrocyte/osteoblast-loaded β-TCP bioceramic scaffold for articular cartilage defect treatment. It suggests allogenic chondrocyte/osteoblast-loaded β-TCP bioceramic scaffold could be potentially used in the treatment of patients with cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wu
- a Shandong Provincial Hospital , Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Kai
- b The No.4 hospital of Jinan , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- a Shandong Provincial Hospital , Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Tao
- c Integrated Scientific Research Base on Comprehensive Utilization Technology for By-Products of Aquatic Product Processing , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
- d Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
- e Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, College of Food Science & Technology , Shanghai Ocean University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- a Shandong Provincial Hospital , Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Wang
- a Shandong Provincial Hospital , Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxing Liu
- a Shandong Provincial Hospital , Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Shui Sun
- a Shandong Provincial Hospital , Shandong University , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhong
- c Integrated Scientific Research Base on Comprehensive Utilization Technology for By-Products of Aquatic Product Processing , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
- d Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
- e Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, College of Food Science & Technology , Shanghai Ocean University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
- f State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers , Fudan University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Hao H, Zhong Z, Li M, Li J, Du Y, Wu X, Wang J, Zhang S. Assembly Mechanism of Highly Crystalline Selenium-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanorods via Particle Attachment and Their Effect on the Fate of Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:6703-6714. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hang Hao
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhong
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mengdie Li
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yingying Du
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianglin Wang
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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