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Zhang W, Hou Y, Yin S, Miao Q, Lee K, Zhou X, Wang Y. Advanced gene nanocarriers/scaffolds in nonviral-mediated delivery system for tissue regeneration and repair. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:376. [PMID: 38926780 PMCID: PMC11200991 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02580-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration technology has been rapidly developed and widely applied in tissue engineering and repair. Compared with traditional approaches like surgical treatment, the rising gene therapy is able to have a durable effect on tissue regeneration, such as impaired bone regeneration, articular cartilage repair and cancer-resected tissue repair. Gene therapy can also facilitate the production of in situ therapeutic factors, thus minimizing the diffusion or loss of gene complexes and enabling spatiotemporally controlled release of gene products for tissue regeneration. Among different gene delivery vectors and supportive gene-activated matrices, advanced gene/drug nanocarriers attract exceptional attraction due to their tunable physiochemical properties, as well as excellent adaptive performance in gene therapy for tissue regeneration, such as bone, cartilage, blood vessel, nerve and cancer-resected tissue repair. This paper reviews the recent advances on nonviral-mediated gene delivery systems with an emphasis on the important role of advanced nanocarriers in gene therapy and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanheng Zhang
- Institute of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Hou
- Institute of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Organ Repair (Ministry of Education), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shiyi Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qi Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Kyubae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Materials, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaojian Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Organ Repair (Ministry of Education), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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García E, Sánchez-Noriega S, González-Pacheco G, González-Vázquez AN, Ibarra A, Rodríguez-Barrera R. Recent advances in the combination of cellular therapy with stem cells and nanoparticles after a spinal cord injury. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1127878. [PMID: 37181563 PMCID: PMC10169723 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1127878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, combined therapies could help to reduce long-term sequelae of spinal cord injury (SCI); stem cell therapy at the site of injury in combination with other therapies has shown very promising results that can be transferred to the clinical field. Nanoparticles (NPs) are versatile technologies with applications to medical research for treatments of SCI since they could deliver therapeutic molecules to the target tissue and may help to reduce the side effects of non-targeted therapies. This article's purpose is to analyze and concisely describe the diverse cellular therapies in combination with NPs and their regenerative effect after SCI. Methods We reviewed the literature related to combinatory therapy for motor impairment following SCI that has been published by Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO host, and PubMed databases. The research covers the databases from 2001 to December 2022. Result Animal models of SCI have shown that the combination of NPs plus stem cells has a positive impact on neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. Further research is required to better understand the effects and benefits of SCI on a clinical level; therefore, it is necessary to find and select the most effective molecules that are capable of exacerbating the neurorestorative effects of the different stem cells and then try them out on patients after SCI. On the other hand, we consider that synthetic polymers such as poly [lactic-co-glycolic acid] (PLGA) could be a candidate for the design of the first therapeutic strategy that combines NPs with stem cells in patients with SCI. The reasons for the selection are that PLGA has shown important advantages over other NPs, such as being biodegradable, having low toxicity levels, and high biocompatibility; In addition, researchers could control the release time and the biodegradation kinetics, and most importantly, it could be used as NMs on other clinical pathologies (12 studies on www.clinicaltrials.gov) and has been approved by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDA). Conclusion The use of cellular therapy and NPs may be a worthwhile alternative for SCI therapy; however, it is expected that the data obtained from interventions after SCI reflect an important variability of molecules combined with NPs. Therefore, it is necessary to properly define the limits of this research to be able to continue to work on the same line. Consequently, the selection of a specific therapeutic molecule and type of NPs plus stem cells are crucial to evaluate its application in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Roxana Rodríguez-Barrera
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), FCS, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan de Degollado, CP, Mexico
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Jiang Z, Xu Y, Fu M, Zhu D, Li N, Yang G. Genetically modified cell spheroids for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. J Control Release 2023; 354:588-605. [PMID: 36657601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cell spheroids offer cell-to-cell interactions and show advantages in survival rate and paracrine effect to solve clinical and biomedical inquiries ranging from tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to disease pathophysiology. Therefore, cell spheroids are ideal vehicles for gene delivery. Genetically modified spheroids can enhance specific gene expression to promote tissue regeneration. Gene deliveries to cell spheroids are via viral vectors or non-viral vectors. Some new technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 also have been used in genetically modified methods to deliver exogenous gene to the host chromosome. It has been shown that genetically modified cell spheroids had the potential to differentiate into bone, cartilage, vascular, nerve, cardiomyocytes, skin, and skeletal muscle as well as organs like the liver to replace the diseased organ in the animal and pre-clinical trials. This article reviews the recent articles about genetically modified spheroid cells and explains the fabrication, applications, development timeline, limitations, and future directions of genetically modified cell spheroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Mengdie Fu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Na Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
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Stepanova OV, Fursa GA, Andretsova SS, Shishkina VS, Voronova AD, Chadin AV, Karsuntseva EK, Reshetov IV, Chekhonin VP. Prospects for the use of olfactory mucosa cells in bioprinting for the treatment of spinal cord injuries. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:322-331. [PMID: 36686356 PMCID: PMC9850961 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i2.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The review focuses on the most important areas of cell therapy for spinal cord injuries. Olfactory mucosa cells are promising for transplantation. Obtaining these cells is safe for patients. The use of olfactory mucosa cells is effective in restoring motor function due to the remyelination and regeneration of axons after spinal cord injuries. These cells express neurotrophic factors that play an important role in the functional recovery of nerve tissue after spinal cord injuries. In addition, it is possible to increase the content of neurotrophic factors, at the site of injury, exogenously by the direct injection of neurotrophic factors or their delivery using gene therapy. The advantages of olfactory mucosa cells, in combination with neurotrophic factors, open up wide possibilities for their application in three-dimensional and four-dimensional bioprinting technology treating spinal cord injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vladislavovna Stepanova
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
- Department of Neurohumoral and Immunological Research, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow 121552, Russia
| | - Grigorii Andreevich Fursa
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
| | - Svetlana Sergeevna Andretsova
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
- Department of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentina Sergeevna Shishkina
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
| | - Anastasia Denisovna Voronova
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
| | - Andrey Viktorovich Chadin
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
| | | | | | - Vladimir Pavlovich Chekhonin
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnologу, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Hazrati A, Malekpour K, Soudi S, Hashemi SM. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells spheroid culture effect on the therapeutic efficacy of these cells and their exosomes: A new strategy to overcome cell therapy limitations. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113211. [PMID: 35696942 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is one of the new treatment methods in which mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSCs) transplantation is one of the cells widely used in this field. The results of MSCs application in the clinic prove their therapeutic efficacy. For this reason, many clinical trials have been designed based on the application of MSCs for various diseases, especially inflammatory disease and regenerative medicine. These cells perform their therapeutic functions through multiple mechanisms, including the differentiative potential, immunomodulatory properties, production of therapeutic exosomes, production of growth factors and cytokines, and anti-apoptotic effects. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) that change target cell functions by transferring different cargos. The therapeutic ability of MSCs-derived exosomes has been demonstrated in many studies. However, some limitations, such as the low production of exosomes by cells and the need for large amounts of them and also their limited therapeutic ability, have encouraged researchers to find methods that increase exosomes' therapeutic potential. One of these methods is the spheroid culture of MSCs. Studies show that the three-dimensional culture (3DCC) of MSCs in the form of multicellular spheroids increases the therapeutic efficacy of these cells in laboratory and animal applications. In addition, the spheroid culture of MSCs leads to enhanced therapeutic properties of their exosomes and production rate. Due to the novelty of the field of using 3DCC MSCs-derived exosomes, examination of their properties and the results of their therapeutic application can increase our view of this field. This review discussed MSCs and their exosomes enhanced properties in spheroid culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hazrati
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kosar Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yousefifard M, Sarveazad A, Babahajian A, Rafiei Alavi SN, Neishaboori AM, Vaccaro AR, Hosseini M, Rahimi-Movaghar V. Growth Factor Gene-Modified Cells in Spinal Cord Injury Recovery; a Systematic Review. World Neurosurg 2022; 162:150-162.e1. [PMID: 35276395 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous pre-clinical studies have been performed in recent years on the effects of growth factor gene-modified cells' administration in spinal cord injury (SCI). However, findings of these studies are contradictory. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on animal studies evaluating the effects of growth factor gene-modified cells' administration on locomotion recovery following SCI. METHODS A search of the Medline, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted, including all animal studies until the end of 2020. Two researchers screened search results, summarized relevant studies and assessed risk of bias, independently. RESULTS Thirty-three studies were included in the final analysis. Transplantation of growth factor gene-modified cells in the injured spinal cord resulted in a significant improvement in animals' locomotion compared with non-treated animals [standardized mean difference (SMD)=1.86; 95% CI: 1.39-2.33; p<0.0001)] and non-genetically modified cells treated animals (SMD=1.30; 0.80-1.79; p<0.0001). Transplantation efficacy of these cells failed to achieve significance in moderate lesions (p=0.091), when using modified neural stem/progenitor cells (p=0.164), when using synthetic neurotrophins (p=0.086) and when the number of transplanted cells was less than 1.0 × 105 cells per animal (p = 0.119). CONCLUSION The result showed that transplantation of growth factor gene-modified cells significantly improved locomotion in SCI animal models. However, there is a major concern regarding the safety of genetically modified cells' transplantation, in terms of overexpressing growth factors. Further studies are needed before any effort to perform a translational and clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Yousefifard
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Sarveazad
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Nursing Care Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asrin Babahajian
- Liver and digestive research center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | | | - Alex R Vaccaro
- Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Brain and Spinal Injuries Research Center (BASIR), Neuroscience Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang G, An Y, Zhang X, Ding P, Bi H, Zhao Z. Chondrocyte Spheroids Laden in GelMA/HAMA Hybrid Hydrogel for Tissue-Engineered Cartilage with Enhanced Proliferation, Better Phenotype Maintenance, and Natural Morphological Structure. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040247. [PMID: 34940307 PMCID: PMC8701895 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional cell-laden tissue engineering has become an extensive research direction. This study aimed to evaluate whether chondrocyte spheroids (chondro-spheroids) prepared using the hanging-drop method could develop better cell proliferation and morphology maintenance characteristics, and be optimized as a micro unit for cartilage tissue engineering. Chondro-spheroids were loaded into a cross-linkable hybrid hydrogel of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA) in vivo and in vitro. Cell proliferation, aggregation, cell morphology maintenance as well as cartilage-related gene expression and matrix secretion in vitro and in vivo were evaluated. The results indicated that compared with chondrocyte-laden hydrogel, chondro-spheroid-laden hydrogel enhanced proliferation, had better phenotype maintenance, and a more natural morphological structure, which made it appropriate for use as a micro unit in cartilage tissue engineering.
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Tang S, Yao N, Qin D. Resveratrol on the Inflammatory Environment of Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Our study assesses the mechanism of Sirt-1 signaling pathway and inflammation changes after spinal cord injury (SCI). SD rats were assigned into Sham group and SCI group. The Sham group only received bites off the corresponding vertebral lamina without the blow operation. The Western
Blot method was used to detect Sirt-1 level, ELISA analyzed IL-1β and IL-6 level in the spinal cord tissues along with measuring Sirt-1 and TNF-α level by immunofluorescence staining. Sirt-1 changed with the time after SCI and was significantly higher than sham operation
group at 1 day after injury, reaching the highest level at 3 days followed by a decrease. IL-1β and IL-6 after SCI was significantly higher than sham operation group at 1 day after injury. Immunofluorescence double staining showed that Sirt-1 and TNF-α expression in
spinal cord tissue after injury were upregulated. The expression of Sirt-1 changed with time after SCI, and was consistent with the trend of changes in inflammatory factors. In conclusion, Sirt-1 is related to the changes of inflammatory factors after SCI, indicating that Sirt-1 may be involved
in inflammation after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiajie People’s Hospital (Spine Surgery) Attending Physician, Zhangjiajie, Hunan, 427000, China
| | - Nvzhao Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421000, China
| | - Dahai Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiajie People’s Hospital (Spine Surgery) Attending Physician, Zhangjiajie, Hunan, 427000, China
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Rathnam C, Yang L, Castro-Pedrido S, Luo J, Cai L, Lee KB. Hybrid SMART spheroids to enhance stem cell therapy for CNS injuries. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj2281. [PMID: 34586845 PMCID: PMC8480929 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj2281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although stem cell therapy holds enormous potential for treating debilitating injuries and diseases in the central nervous system, low survival and inefficient differentiation have restricted its clinical applications. Recently, 3D cell culture methods, such as stem cell–based spheroids and organoids, have demonstrated advantages by incorporating tissue-mimetic 3D cell-cell interactions. However, a lack of drug and nutrient diffusion, insufficient cell-matrix interactions, and tedious fabrication procedures have compromised their therapeutic effects in vivo. To address these issues, we developed a biodegradable nanomaterial-templated 3D cell assembly method that enables the formation of hybrid stem cell spheroids with deep drug delivery capabilities and homogeneous incorporation of 3D cell-matrix interactions. Hence, high survival rates, controlled differentiation, and functional recovery were demonstrated in a spinal cord injury animal model. Overall, our hybrid stem cell spheroids represent a substantial development of material-facilitated 3D cell culture systems and can pave the way for stem cell–based treatment of CNS injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rathnam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Letao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Sofia Castro-Pedrido
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jeffrey Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Li Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Uchida S. [Messenger RNA for Cell Editing -Disease Treatment and Cell Transplantation Using Pro-survival mRNA]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:655-659. [PMID: 33952747 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vigorous efforts are being made to manipulate cellular functions in a desirable manner for biomedical purposes. Recent advances in platform technologies have made cell editing achievable; this includes generation of induced pluripotent stem cells and chimeric antigen receptor T cells, as well as direct cell reprogramming. mRNA, as compared to DNA, is an excellent tool for potentiating cell editing technologies, owing to its distinct properties in gene introduction. Herein, hepatocytes were edited ex vivo and in vivo, by introducing pro-survival mRNA, to be resistant to cell death. DNA-based introduction of pro-survival gene poses safety concerns due to its genomic integration, as prolonged and uncontrolled expression of pro-survival proteins after the integration may promote cancer. In contrast, mRNA lacks such a risk. Moreover, mRNA-based introduction of Bcl-2, a pro-survival factor, was more effective in preventing the death of cultured hepatocytes than Bcl-2 plasmid DNA (pDNA) introduction. Mechanistically, mRNA induced protein expression in a larger percentage of the hepatocytes compared to pDNA, presumably because the process of pDNA nuclear entry in transfection is challenging. In hepatocyte transplantation to mouse liver, ex vivo introduction of Bcl-2 mRNA significantly improved the engraftment efficiency of the hepatocytes, leading to successful functional support of the liver in a mouse model of chronic hepatitis. Furthermore, in vivo administration of Bcl-2 mRNA exhibited an anti-apoptotic effect on the hepatocytes of a mouse model of fulminant hepatitis. These results demonstrate the potential advantages of mRNA introduction over DNA introduction in cell editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Uchida
- Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.,Innovation Center of NanoMedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion
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Yin Y, Wang W, Shao Q, Li B, Yu D, Zhou X, Parajuli J, Xu H, Qiu T, Yetisen AK, Jiang N. Pentapeptide IKVAV-engineered hydrogels for neural stem cell attachment. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2887-2892. [PMID: 33514963 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01454k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury remains irreversible with current treatment paradigms, due to the inability to rebuild the regenerative environment for neurons after injury. Neural tissue engineering that encapsulates the neural stem/progenitor cells within an artificial scaffold provides a possibility to regenerate neurons for spinal cord injury repair. The attachment and survival of these neural cells usually require similar microenvironments to the extracellular matrix for support. Here, a three-dimensional pentapeptide IKVAV-functionalized poly(lactide ethylene oxide fumarate) (PLEOF) hydrogel is developed. In vitro tests demonstrate that the IKVAV-PLEOF hydrogels are biodegradable and hemo-biocompatible. This IKVAV-PLEOF hydrogel is shown to support neural stem cell attachment, growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Additionally, the neural stem cells could be readily formed as spheroids that subsequently encapsulated, attached, and proliferated within the three-dimensional hydrogel constructs. Additionally, an in vivo test confirms the biodegradability and biocompatibility of the IKVAV-PLEOF hydrogels revealing that the hydrogels biodegrade, new blood vessels form, and few inflammatory responses are observed after 4-week implantation. The neural stem cell spheroid-laden hydrogels may have further implications in spinal cord injury regenerative and brain repair in neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wenwu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qi Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Binbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Dan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jayanti Parajuli
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Haixing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Tong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ali Kemal Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Nan Jiang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge 02138, USA
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Ehsanipour A, Sathialingam M, Rad LM, de Rutte J, Bierman RD, Liang J, Xiao W, Di Carlo D, Seidlits SK. Injectable, macroporous scaffolds for delivery of therapeutic genes to the injured spinal cord. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:016104. [PMID: 33728392 PMCID: PMC7946441 DOI: 10.1063/5.0035291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials are being developed as therapeutics for spinal cord injury (SCI) that can stabilize and bridge acute lesions and mediate the delivery of transgenes, providing a localized and sustained reservoir of regenerative factors. For clinical use, direct injection of biomaterial scaffolds is preferred to enable conformation to unique lesions and minimize tissue damage. While an interconnected network of cell-sized macropores is necessary for rapid host cell infiltration into-and thus integration of host tissue with-implanted scaffolds, injectable biomaterials have generally suffered from a lack of control over the macrostructure. As genetic vectors have short lifetimes in vivo, rapid host cell infiltration into scaffolds is a prerequisite for efficient biomaterial-mediated delivery of transgenes. We present scaffolds that can be injected and assembled in situ from hyaluronic acid (HA)-based, spherical microparticles to form scaffolds with a network of macropores (∼10 μm). The results demonstrate that addition of regularly sized macropores to traditional hydrogel scaffolds, which have nanopores (∼10 nm), significantly increases the expression of locally delivered transgene to the spinal cord after a thoracic injury. Maximal cell and axon infiltration into scaffolds was observed in scaffolds with more regularly sized macropores. The delivery of lentiviral vectors encoding the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), but not neurotrophin-3, from these scaffolds further increased total numbers and myelination of infiltrating axons. Modest improvements to the hindlimb function were observed with BDNF delivery. The results demonstrate the utility of macroporous and injectable HA scaffolds as a platform for localized gene therapies after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshia Ehsanipour
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Mayilone Sathialingam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Laila M Rad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Joseph de Rutte
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Rebecca D Bierman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Jesse Liang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Weikun Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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13
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Huang F, Chen T, Chang J, Zhang C, Liao F, Wu L, Wang W, Yin Z. A conductive dual-network hydrogel composed of oxidized dextran and hyaluronic-hydrazide as BDNF delivery systems for potential spinal cord injury repair. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:434-445. [PMID: 33278434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often causes neuronal death and axonal degeneration. In this study, we report a new strategy for preparing injectable and conductive polysaccharides-based hydrogels that could sustainably deliver brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) for SCI repair. We used poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as a carrier to encapsulate BDNF. The resulting microspheres were then modified with tannic acid (TA). The polysaccharides-based hydrogel composed of oxidized dextran (Dex) and hyaluronic acid-hydrazide (HA) was mixed with TA-modified microspheres to form the ultimate BDNF@TA-PLGA/Dex-HA hydrogel. Our results showed that the hydrogel had properties similar to natural spinal cords. Specifically, the hydrogel had soft mechanical properties and high electrical conductivity. The cross-sectional morphology of the hydrogel exhibited a continuous and porous structure. The swelling and degradation behaviors of the Dex-HA hydrogel in vitro indicated the incorporation of TA into hydrogel matrix could improve the stability of the hydrogel matrix as well as extend the release time of BDNF from the matrix. Furthermore, results from immunostaining and real-time PCR demonstrated that BDNF@TA-PLGA/Dex-HA hydrogel could promote the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into neurons and inhibit astrocyte differentiation in vitro. These results show the great potential of this hydrogel as a biomimetic material in SCI regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Taiying Chen
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Faxue Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Linwei Wu
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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14
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Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) has immense potential for developing a wide range of therapies, including immunotherapy and protein replacement. As mRNA presents no risk of integration into the host genome and does not require nuclear entry for transfection, which allows protein production even in nondividing cells, mRNA-based approaches can be envisioned as safe and practical therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, mRNA presents unfavorable characteristics, such as large size, immunogenicity, limited cellular uptake, and sensitivity to enzymatic degradation, which hinder its use as a therapeutic agent. While mRNA stability and immunogenicity have been ameliorated by direct modifications on the mRNA structure, further improvements in mRNA delivery are still needed for promoting its activity in biological settings. In this regard, nanomedicine has shown the ability for spatiotemporally controlling the function of a myriad of bioactive agents in vivo. Direct engineering of nanomedicine structures for loading, protecting, and releasing mRNA and navigating in biological environments can then be applied for promoting mRNA translation toward the development of effective treatments. Here, we review recent approaches aimed at enhancing mRNA function and its delivery through nanomedicines, with particular emphasis on their applications and eventual clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Uchida
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.,Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Federico Perche
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS Rue Charles Sadron Orléans, Orléans 45071 Cedex 02, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS Rue Charles Sadron Orléans, Orléans 45071 Cedex 02, France.,Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Orléans, Orléans 45071 Cedex 02, France
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.,Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
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15
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Gao C, Wang X, Lu J, Li Z, Jia H, Chen M, Chang Y, Liu Y, Li P, Zhang B, Du X, Qi F. Mesenchymal stem cells transfected with sFgl2 inhibit the acute rejection of heart transplantation in mice by regulating macrophage activation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:241. [PMID: 32552823 PMCID: PMC7301524 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become a promising candidate for cell-based immune therapy for acute rejection (AR) after heart transplantation due to possessing immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of soluble fibronectin-like protein 2 (sFgl2) overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells (sFgl2-MSCs) in inhibiting AR of heart transplantation in mice by regulating immune tolerance through inducing M2 phenotype macrophage polarization. Methods and results The sFgl2, a novel immunomodulatory factor secreted by regulatory T cells, was transfected into MSCs to enhance their immunosuppressive functions. After being co-cultured for 72 h, the sFgl2-MSCs inhibited M1 polarization whereas promoted M2 of polarization macrophages through STAT1 and NF-κB pathways in vitro. Besides, the sFgl2-MSCs significantly enhanced the migration and phagocytosis ability of macrophages stimulated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Further, the application potential of sFgl2-MSCs in AR treatment was demonstrated by heterotopic cardiac transplantation in mice. The tissue damage and macrophage infiltration were evaluated by H&E and immunohistochemistry staining, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines was analyzed by ELISA. The results showed that sFgl2-MSCs injected intravenously were able to locate in the graft, promote the M2 polarization of macrophages in vivo, regulate the local and systemic immune response, significantly protect tissues from damaging, and finally prolonged the survival time of mice heart grafts. Conclusion sFgl2-MSCs ameliorate AR of heart transplantation by regulating macrophages, which provides a new idea for the development of anti-AR treatment methods after heart transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zhilin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Haowen Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Minghao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yuchen Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Peiyuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xuezhi Du
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China. .,Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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16
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mRNA as a Tool for Gene Transfection in 3D Cell Culture for Future Regenerative Therapy. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11040426. [PMID: 32325734 PMCID: PMC7231348 DOI: 10.3390/mi11040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A combination of three-dimensional (3D) cell culturing and non-viral gene transfection is promising in improving outcomes of cell transplantation therapy. Herein, gene transfection profiles in 3D cell culture were compared between plasmid DNA (pDNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) introduction, using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) 3D spheroids. Green fluorescence protein (GFP) mRNA induced GFP protein expression in 77% of the cells in the spheroids, whereas only 34% of the cells became GFP positive following pDNA introduction. In mechanistic analyses, most of the cells in MSC spheroids were non-dividing, and pDNA failed to induce GFP expression in most of the non-dividing cells. In contrast, both dividing and non-dividing cells became GFP-positive after mRNA introduction, which led to a high overall percentage of GFP-positive cells in the spheroids. Consequently, mRNA encoding an osteogenic factor, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), allowed in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in spheroids more efficiently compared to Runx2 pDNA. Conclusively, mRNA exhibits high potential in gene transfection in 3D cell culture, in which the cell division rate is lower than that in monolayer culture, and the combination of mRNA introduction and 3D cell culture is a promising approach to improve outcomes of cell transplantation in future regenerative therapy.
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17
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Li Y, Wang H, Ding X, Shen J, Zhou H, Jiang D, Jin C, Li K. Human Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene-Modified Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined With Erythropoietin Can Improve Acute Spinal Cord Injury. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820910930. [PMID: 32284696 PMCID: PMC7119236 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820910930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the effect as well as mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) modified by the human brain–derived neurotrophic factor gene combined with erythropoietin (EPO) in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods: The Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene was transected by a virus vector. Rats with SCI were randomly split into following groups: The normal saline (NS) group, the EPO group, The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores, messenger RNA BDNF expression, and apoptosis rates were compared between the 4 groups at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after SCI. Results: At 7, 14, and 21 days after operation, the expression of the BDNF gene in the other 3 groups was higher than that of the NS group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). The apoptosis rate in the combined group was less than that of NS, EPO, and BDNF/BMSC groups, and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05). Conclusion: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene-modified BMSC transplantation combined with EPO can promote the repair of nerve function after SCI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- YongLei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Longfu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongchen Wang
- Beijing Daxing District Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Longfu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiancheng Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Longfu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Longfu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dengxue Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Longfu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Pediatric Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Kuang Li
- Pediatric Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
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18
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Ren J, Huang D, Li R, Wang W, Zhou C. Control of mesenchymal stem cell biology by histone modifications. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:11. [PMID: 32025282 PMCID: PMC6996187 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-0378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered the most promising seed cells for regenerative medicine because of their considerable therapeutic properties and accessibility. Fine-tuning of cell biological processes, including differentiation and senescence, is essential for achievement of the expected regenerative efficacy. Researchers have recently made great advances in understanding the spatiotemporal gene expression dynamics that occur during osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and the intrinsic and environmental factors that affect these processes. In this context, histone modifications have been intensively studied in recent years and have already been indicated to play significant and universal roles in MSC fate determination and differentiation. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries regarding the effects of histone modifications on MSC biology. Moreover, we also provide our insights and perspectives for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhan Ren
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Delan Huang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Runze Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Weicai Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
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19
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Spheroid Culture System Methods and Applications for Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121620. [PMID: 31842346 PMCID: PMC6953111 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the importance of stem cell culture systems in clinical applications, researchers have extensively studied them to optimize the culture conditions and increase efficiency of cell culture. A spheroid culture system provides a similar physicochemical environment in vivo by facilitating cell–cell and cell–matrix interaction to overcome the limitations of traditional monolayer cell culture. In suspension culture, aggregates of adjacent cells form a spheroid shape having wide utility in tumor and cancer research, therapeutic transplantation, drug screening, and clinical study, as well as organic culture. There are various spheroid culture methods such as hanging drop, gel embedding, magnetic levitation, and spinner culture. Lately, efforts are being made to apply the spheroid culture system to the study of drug delivery platforms and co-cultures, and to regulate differentiation and pluripotency. To study spheroid cell culture, various kinds of biomaterials are used as building forms of hydrogel, film, particle, and bead, depending upon the requirement. However, spheroid cell culture system has limitations such as hypoxia and necrosis in the spheroid core. In addition, studies should focus on methods to dissociate cells from spheroid into single cells.
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20
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Zhou P, Guan J, Xu P, Zhao J, Zhang C, Zhang B, Mao Y, Cui W. Cell Therapeutic Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2019; 8:585-605. [PMID: 31637103 PMCID: PMC6798812 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2019.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a neurological disorder that resulted from destroyed long axis of spinal cord, affecting thousands of people every year. With the occurrence of SCI, the lesions can form cystic cavities and produce glial scar, myelin inhibitor, and inflammation that negatively impact repair of spinal cord. Therefore, SCI remains a difficult problem to overcome with present therapeutics. This review of cell therapeutics in SCI provides a systematic review of combinatory therapeutics of SCI and helps the realization of regeneration of spinal cord in the future. Recent Advances: With major breakthroughs in neurobiology in recent years, present therapeutic strategies for SCI mainly aim at nerve regeneration or neuroprotection. For nerve regeneration, the application approaches are tissue engineering and cell transplantation, while drug therapeutics is applied for neuroprotection. Cell therapeutics is a new approach that treats SCI by cell transplantation. Cell therapeutics possesses advantages of neuroprotection, immune regulation, axonal regeneration, neuron relay formation, and remyelination. Critical Issues: Neurons cannot regenerate at the site of injury. Therefore, it is essential to find a repair strategy for remyelination, axon regeneration, and functional recovery. Cell therapeutics is emerging as the most promising approach for treating SCI. Future Directions: The future application of SCI therapy in clinical practice may require a combination of multiple strategies. A comprehensive treatment of injury of spinal cord is the focus of the present research. With the combination of different cell therapy strategies, future experiments will achieve more dramatic success in spinal cord repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinghui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Guan
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Changchun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P.R. China
| | - Yingji Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P.R. China
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P.R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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21
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Hsu MN, Liao HT, Truong VA, Huang KL, Yu FJ, Chen HH, Nguyen TKN, Makarevich P, Parfyonova Y, Hu YC. CRISPR-based Activation of Endogenous Neurotrophic Genes in Adipose Stem Cell Sheets to Stimulate Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Theranostics 2019; 9:6099-6111. [PMID: 31534539 PMCID: PMC6735509 DOI: 10.7150/thno.36790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Peripheral nerve regeneration requires coordinated functions of neurotrophic factors and neuronal cells. CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) is a powerful tool that exploits inactive Cas9 (dCas9), single guide RNA (sgRNA) and transcription activator for gene activation, but has yet to be harnessed for tissue regeneration. Methods: We developed a hybrid baculovirus (BV) vector to harbor and deliver the CRISPRa system for multiplexed activation of 3 neurotrophic factor genes (BDNF, GDNF and NGF). The hybrid BV was used to transduce rat adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) and functionalize the ASC sheets. We further implanted the ASC sheets into sciatic nerve injury sites in rats. Results: Transduction of rat ASC with the hybrid BV vector enabled robust, simultaneous and prolonged activation of the 3 neurotrophic factors for at least 21 days. The CRISPRa-engineered ASC sheets were able to promote Schwann cell (SC) migration, neuron proliferation and neurite outgrowth in vitro. The CRISPRa-engineered ASC sheets further enhanced in vivo functional recovery, nerve reinnervation, axon regeneration and remyelination. Conclusion: These data collectively implicated the potentials of the hybrid BV-delivered CRISPRa system for multiplexed activation of endogenous neurotrophic factor genes in ASC sheets to promote peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Nung Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Han-Tsung Liao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, 333
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 333
- Department of Plastic surgery, Xiamen Chang Gung hospital, China 361028
| | - Vu Anh Truong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Kai-Lun Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Fu-Jen Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Hwei-Hsien Chen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, 350
| | - Thi Kieu Nuong Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Pavel Makarevich
- Laboratory of Gene and Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 119192
| | - Yelena Parfyonova
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia 121152
- Laboratory of Postgenomic Technologies in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 119192
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300
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22
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Zhang Q, Zhong X, Zhang J, Zhu H, Cai S, Zhang J, Cao Y, Tian Y. Integration of Neurons Derived from Transplanted BDNF-Overexpressing Neural Stem Cells into Circuit of the Irradiated Hippocampus. Radiat Res 2019; 192:345-351. [DOI: 10.1667/rr15409.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qixian Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Xue Zhong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Jie Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | | | - Shang Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Junjun Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Yi Cao
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Tian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
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23
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Wang XJ, Shu GF, Xu XL, Peng CH, Lu CY, Cheng XY, Luo XC, Li J, Qi J, Kang XQ, Jin FY, Chen MJ, Ying XY, You J, Du YZ, Ji JS. Combinational protective therapy for spinal cord injury medicated by sialic acid-driven and polyethylene glycol based micelles. Biomaterials 2019; 217:119326. [PMID: 31288173 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to immediate disruption of neuronal membranes and loss of neurons, followed by extensive secondary injury process. Treatment of SCI still remains a tremendous challenge clinically. Minocycline could target comprehensive secondary injury via anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), a known sealing agent, is able to seal the damaged cell membranes and reduce calcium influx, thereby exerting neuroprotective capacity. Here, an E-selectin-targeting sialic acid - polyethylene glycol - poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (SAPP) copolymer was designed for delivering hydrophobic minocycline to achieve combinational therapy of SCI. The obtained SAPP copolymer could self-assemble into micelles with critical micelle concentration being of 13.40 μg/mL, and effectively encapsulate hydrophobic minocycline. The prepared drug-loaded micelles (SAPPM) displayed sustained drug release over 72 h, which could stop microglia activation and exhibited excellent neuroprotective capacity in vitro. The SAPP micelles were efficiently accumulated in the lesion site of SCI rats via the specific binding between sialic acid and E-selectin. Due to the targeting distribution and combinational effect between PEG and minocycline, SAPPM could obviously reduce the area of lesion cavity, and realize more survival of axons and myelin sheaths from the injury, thus distinctly improving hindlimb functional recovery of SCI rats and conferring superior therapeutic effect in coparison with other groups. Our work presented an effective and safe strategy for SCI targeting therapy. Besides, neuroprotective capacity of PEG deserves further investigation on other central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Gao-Feng Shu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Chen-Han Peng
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Chen-Ying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Xing-Yao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Xiang-Chao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Jing Qi
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xu-Qi Kang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Fei-Yang Jin
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Min-Jiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ying Ying
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Jian You
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Jian-Song Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China.
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Enhancement of Motor Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Mice by Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor mRNA. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:465-476. [PMID: 31344657 PMCID: PMC6658833 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that can cause impaired motor function or full paralysis. In the days to weeks following the initial mechanical injury to the spinal cord, inflammation and apoptosis can cause additional damage to the injured tissues. This secondary injury impairs recovery. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a secreted protein that has been shown to improve a variety of neurological conditions, including SCI, by promoting neuron survival and synaptic plasticity. This study treated a mouse model of contusion SCI using a single dose of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA nanomicelles prepared with polyethylene glycol polyamino acid block copolymer directly injected into the injured tissue. BDNF levels in the injured spinal cord tissue were approximately doubled by mRNA treatment. Motor function was monitored using the Basso Mouse Scale and Noldus CatWalk Automated Gait Analysis System for 6 weeks post-injury. BDNF-treated mice showed improved motor function recovery, demonstrating the feasibility of mRNA delivery to treat SCI.
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25
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Pandamooz S, Salehi MS, Safari A, Azarpira N, Heravi M, Ahmadiani A, Dargahi L. Enhancing the expression of neurotrophic factors in epidermal neural crest stem cells by valproic acid: A potential candidate for combinatorial treatment. Neurosci Lett 2019; 704:8-14. [PMID: 30904572 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Effective delivery of trophic factors to cure neurological disorders and traumatic injuries is a major challenge. With promising therapeutic effects of epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI-NCSCs) in preclinical spinal cord injury, there is an implication that these stem cells might provide supportive role through releasing various trophic agents. Hence, the present study was designed to assess the influence of valproic acid (VPA), a well-known histone deacetylases inhibitor, on mRNA expression of selected trophic factors. In this study, following stem cell migration from explanted hair bulges, immunostaining against Nestin, SOX-10, DCX, β-III tubulin and GFAP was carried out. Then, cells were treated with various clinically relevant concentrations of VPA and the survival rate was defined by MTT assay. Finally, stem cells were treated with 0.1 and 1 mM VPA and the drug impact on the transcription level of BDNF, GDNF, VEGF, NGF and NT3 at 6, 24, 72, 168 h was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. The examined proteins expressions in the population of migrated cells confirmed the identity of stem cells as EPI-NCSCs. In addition, MTT assay showed that all three tested concentrations of VPA were suitable to treat these cells. Trophic factors assessment, following treatment revealed the mRNA expression level of BDNF, GDNF and VEGF could be significantly up- regulated at various time points, mainly by 1 mM VPA. However, NGF and NT3 transcripts were enhanced at few limited time points. Our findings showed that EPI-NCSCs due to secretion of various trophic factors are potential candidate to deliver the required trophic agents and their potential can be enhanced by 1 mM VPA, predominantly following 168 h treatment. Hence, these cells can be utilized to modulate destructive context of neurological disorders and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Pandamooz
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saied Salehi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anahid Safari
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Heravi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- NeuroBiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19615-1178, Velenjak, Iran.
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26
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Stem cell paracrine effect and delivery strategies for spinal cord injury regeneration. J Control Release 2019; 300:141-153. [PMID: 30851286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complicated neuropathological condition that results in functional dysfunction and paralysis. Various treatments have been proposed including drugs, biological factors and cells administered in several ways. Stem cell therapy offers a potentially revolutionary mode to repair the damaged spinal cord after injury. Initially, stem cells were considered promising for replacing cells and tissue lost after SCI. Many studies looked at their differentiation to replace neuronal and glial cells for a better functional outcome. However, it is becoming clear that different functional improvements recognized to stem cells are due to biomolecular activities by the transplanted stem cells rather than cell replacement. This review aimed to discuss the paracrine mechanisms for tissue repair and regeneration after stem cell transplantation in SCI. It focuses on stem cell factor production, effect in tissue restoration, and novel delivery strategies to use them for SCI therapy.
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27
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Lin CY, Crowley ST, Uchida S, Komaki Y, Kataoka K, Itaka K. Treatment of Intervertebral Disk Disease by the Administration of mRNA Encoding a Cartilage-Anabolic Transcription Factor. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 16:162-171. [PMID: 30889482 PMCID: PMC6424144 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is often associated with severity of lower back pain. IVD core is an avascular, highly hydrated tissue composed of type II collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans. The disk degeneration is not only a destruction of IVD structure but also is related to a disorder of the turnover of the disk matrix, leading the jelly-like IVD core to be replaced by fibrous components. Here we present a disease-modifying strategy for IVD degenerative diseases by direct regulation of the cells in the IVD using mRNA medicine, to alter the misbalanced homeostasis during disk degeneration. When mRNA encoding a cartilage-anabolic transcription factor, runt-related transcription factor-1, was administered to a rat model of coccygeal disk degeneration using a polyplex nanomicelle composed of polyethylene glycol-polyamino acid block copolymers and mRNA, the disk height was maintained to a significantly higher extent (≈81%) compared to saline control (69%), with prevention of fibrosis in the disk tissue. In addition, the use of nanomicelles effectively prevented inflammation, which was observed by injection of naked mRNA into the disk. This proof-of-concept study revealed that mRNA medicine has a potential for treating IVD degenerative diseases by introducing a cartilage-anabolic factor into the host cells, proposing a new therapeutic strategy using mRNA medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yu Lin
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Samuel Thomas Crowley
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Department of Biofunction Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Policy Alternatives Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Keiji Itaka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Department of Biofunction Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
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28
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Yousefi F, Lavi Arab F, Saeidi K, Amiri H, Mahmoudi M. Various strategies to improve efficacy of stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis: Focus on mesenchymal stem cells and neuroprotection. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 328:20-34. [PMID: 30557687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) which predominantly affect young adults and undergo heavy socioeconomic burdens. Conventional therapeutic modalities for MS mostly downregulate aggressive immune responses and are almost insufficient for management of progressive course of the disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to both immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties have been known as practical cells for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases like MS. However, clinical translation of MSCs is associated with some limitations such as short-life engraftment duration, little in vivo trans-differentiation and restricted accessibility into damaged sites. Therefore, laboratory manipulation of MSCs can improve efficacy of MSCs transplantation in MS patients. In this review, we discuss several novel approaches, which can potentially enhance MSCs capabilities for treating MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forouzan Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Lavi Arab
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kolsoum Saeidi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Houshang Amiri
- Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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29
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Bose RJC, Mattrey RF. Accomplishments and challenges in stem cell imaging in vivo. Drug Discov Today 2018; 24:492-504. [PMID: 30342245 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapies have demonstrated promising preclinical results, but very few applications have reached the clinic owing to safety and efficacy concerns. Translation would benefit greatly if stem cell survival, distribution and function could be assessed in vivo post-transplantation, particularly in patients. Advances in molecular imaging have led to extraordinary progress, with several strategies being deployed to understand the fate of stem cells in vivo using magnetic resonance, scintigraphy, PET, ultrasound and optical imaging. Here, we review the recent advances, challenges and future perspectives and opportunities in stem cell tracking and functional assessment, as well as the advantages and challenges of each imaging approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran J C Bose
- Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8514, USA; Current affiliation: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) and the Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5427, USA
| | - Robert F Mattrey
- Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8514, USA.
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30
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Zhang N, Chin JS, Chew SY. Localised non-viral delivery of nucleic acids for nerve regeneration in injured nervous systems. Exp Neurol 2018; 319:112820. [PMID: 30195695 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Axons damaged by traumatic injuries are often unable to spontaneously regenerate in the adult central nervous system (CNS). Although the peripheral nervous system (PNS) has some regenerative capacity, its ability to regrow remains limited across large lesion gaps due to scar tissue formation. Nucleic acid therapy holds the potential of improving regeneration by enhancing the intrinsic growth ability of neurons and overcoming the inhibitory environment that prevents neurite outgrowth. Nucleic acids modulate gene expression by over-expression of neuronal growth factor or silencing growth-inhibitory molecules. Although in vitro outcomes appear promising, the lack of efficient non-viral nucleic acid delivery methods to the nervous system has limited the application of nucleic acid therapeutics to patients. Here, we review the recent development of efficient non-viral nucleic acid delivery platforms, as applied to the nervous system, including the transfection vectors and carriers used, as well as matrices and scaffolds that are currently used. Additionally, we will discuss possible improvements for localised nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore
| | - Jiah Shin Chin
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore; NTU Institute of Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore.
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31
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Wu Q, Wang Q, Li Z, Li X, Zang J, Wang Z, Xu C, Gong Y, Cheng J, Li H, Shen G, Dong C. Human menstrual blood-derived stem cells promote functional recovery in a rat spinal cord hemisection model. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:882. [PMID: 30158539 PMCID: PMC6115341 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0847-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with a dismal prognosis including severe voluntary motor and sensory deficits in the presence of the current therapies, thus new and efficient treatment strategies are desperately required. Along with several advantages, such as easy accessibility, high-yield, potential of enormous proliferation, menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) have been proposed as a promising strategy in regeneration medicine. In this study, the MenSCs were transplanted into incomplete thoracic (T10) spinal cord injury (SCI) rats, all rats were sacrificed at 7, 14, and 28 days after surgery. Based on the results, we found that MenSCs transplantation improved the hind limb motor function. Besides, H&E staining showed that MenSCs treatment markedly reduced cavity formation in the lesion site. Furthermore, treatment by MenSCs showed more MAP2-positive mature neurons, as well as axonal regeneration manifested by NF-200 and less expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) than the non-treatment in the lesion site. Additionally, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and qRT-PCR methods showed that levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were significantly higher in the injured spinal cord after implantation of MenSCs. Results of qRT-PCR indicated that inflammatory factors, including TNF-α and IL-1β were inhibited after MenSCs transplantation. The improved motor function of hind limb and the increased cell body area of motor neurons were suppressed by blocking of the BDNF-TrkB signaling. It was eventually revealed that MenSCs implantation had beneficial therapeutic effects on the rehabilitation of the rat spinal cord hemisection model, mainly by enhancing the expression of BDNF. MenSCs transplantation may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with SCI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfeng Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Suzhou Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, 215153, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Zhangjie Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, 215600, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiangzhe Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Suzhou Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, 215153, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Zang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhangwei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Yujia Gong
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Jiaqi Cheng
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Haoming Li
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Guangyu Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chuanming Dong
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
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32
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Yanagihara K, Uchida S, Ohba S, Kataoka K, Itaka K. Treatment of Bone Defects by Transplantation of Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2018; 9:358-366. [PMID: 30038939 PMCID: PMC6054700 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell transplantation is promising for regenerative medicine. A combination of a three-dimensional spheroid culture system with gene transfection was developed to enhance the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation. The spheroid cell culture system is based on micropatterned substrates composed of a regular array of 100-μm-diameter cell-adhesion areas coated with a temperature-responsive polymer, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid), which allows for spheroid detachment by simply cooling the plates. In this study, MSC spheroids were transfected with plasmid DNA encoding runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and tested for their ability to enhance bone regeneration. In vitro analyses revealed that osteogenic differentiation of the MSCs was enhanced by forming spheroids and was further promoted by Runx2 expression. The enhanced osteogenic differentiation was maintained under pathological conditions, such as hypoxia and inflammation. Transplanting Runx2-transfected MSC spheroids into bone defects on rat femurs induced significantly faster bone regeneration compared with nontransfected MSC spheroids or genetically modified MSCs from conventional monolayer culture. MSC migration into the bone defect area was enhanced by upregulation of cell-migration-related genes. In conclusion, genetically modified MSC spheroids are effective for enhancing bone regeneration, providing a promising option for cell transplantation therapy in the fields of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoko Yanagihara
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Keiji Itaka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
- Department of Biofunction Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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33
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Ko DY, Patel M, Lee HJ, Jeong B. Coordinating Thermogel for Stem Cell Spheroids and Their Cyto-Effectiveness. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2018; 28:1706286. [DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201706286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Du Young Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience; Ewha Womans University; 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience; Ewha Womans University; 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience; Ewha Womans University; 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience; Ewha Womans University; 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03760 Korea
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34
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Redondo-Castro E, Cunningham CJ, Miller J, Brown H, Allan SM, Pinteaux E. Changes in the secretome of tri-dimensional spheroid-cultured human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro by interleukin-1 priming. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:11. [PMID: 29343288 PMCID: PMC5773162 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most promising candidates for the treatment of major neurological disorders. Desirable therapeutic properties of MSCs include reparative and regenerative potential but, despite their proven safety, the efficacy of MSCs remains controversial. Therefore, it is essential to optimise culture protocols to enhance the therapeutic potential of the MSC secretome. Here we aimed to: assess the increase in secretion of cytokines that may induce repair, regeneration, or immunomodulation when cultured in three dimensions; study the effect of interleukin (IL)-1 priming on two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures of MSC; and evaluate the potential use of the modified secretome using microglial-MSC co-cultures. Methods We established a 3D spheroid culture of human MSCs, and compared the secretome in 2D and 3D cultures under primed (IL-1) and unprimed conditions. BV2 microglial cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with spheroid conditioned media (CM) or were co-cultured with whole spheroids. Concentrations of secreted cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein arrays were used to further evaluate the effect of IL-1 priming in 2D and 3D cultures. Results 3D culture of MSCs significantly increased secretion of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) compared with 2D culture, despite priming treatments with IL-1 being more effective in 2D than in 3D. The addition of CM of 3D-MSCs reduced LPS-induced tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α secretion from BV2 cells, while the 3D spheroid co-cultured with the BV2 cells induced an increase in IL-6, but had no effect on TNF-α release. Protein arrays indicated that priming treatments trigger a more potent immune profile which is necessary to orchestrate an effective tissue repair. This effect was lost in 3D, partly because of the overexpression of IL-6. Conclusions Increased secretion of anti-inflammatory markers occurs when MSCs are cultured in 3D, but this specific secretome did not translate into anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-treated BV2 cells in co-culture. These data highlight the importance of optimising priming treatments and culture conditions to maximise the therapeutic potential of MSC spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Redondo-Castro
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Catriona J Cunningham
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jonjo Miller
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Helena Brown
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stuart M Allan
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Emmanuel Pinteaux
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Chen C, Bai GC, Jin HL, Lei K, Li KX. Local injection of bone morphogenetic protein 7 promotes neuronal regeneration and motor function recovery after acute spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:1054-1060. [PMID: 29926833 PMCID: PMC6022460 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.233449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
After spinal cord injury, the number of glial cells and motor neurons expressing bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) increases, indicating that upregulation of BMP7 can promote nerve repair. We, therefore, tested whether direct injection of BMP7 into acutely injured rat spinal cord can affect neurological recovery. Allen's impactor was used to create spinal cord injury at T10. The injury site was then injected with 50 ng BMP7 (BMP7 group) or physiological saline (control group) for 7 consecutive days. Electrophysiological examination showed that the amplitude of N1 in motor evoked potentials (MEP) decreased after spinal cord injury. At 8 weeks post-operation, the amplitude of N1 in the BMP7 group was remarkably higher than that at 1 week post-operation and was higher than that of the control group. Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan scale (BBB) scores, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and western blot assay showed that at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks post-operation, BBB scores were increased; Nissl body staining was stronger; the number of Nissl-stained bodies was increased; the number of vacuoles gradually decreased; the number of synapses was increased; and the expression of neuronal marker, neurofilament protein 200, was increased in the hind limbs of the BMP7 group compared with the control group. Western blot assay showed that the expression of GFAP protein in BMP7 group and control group did not change significantly and there was no significant difference between the BMP7 and control groups. These data confirmed that local injection of BMP7 can promote neuronal regeneration after spinal cord injury and promote recovery of motor function in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Joint and Spine, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guang-Chao Bai
- Department of Joint and Spine, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hong-Liang Jin
- Department of Joint and Spine, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Kun Lei
- Department of Joint and Spine, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Kuan-Xin Li
- Department of Joint and Spine, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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Yin H, Jiang T, Deng X, Yu M, Xing H, Ren X. A cellular spinal cord scaffold seeded with rat adipose‑derived stem cells facilitates functional recovery via enhancing axon regeneration in spinal cord injured rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2998-3004. [PMID: 29257299 PMCID: PMC5783519 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI), usually resulting in severe sensory and motor deficits, is a major public health concern. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), one type of adult stem cell, are free from ethical restriction, easily isolated and enriched. Therefore, ADSCs may provide a feasible cell source for cell-based therapies in treatment of SCI. The present study successfully isolated rat ADSCs (rADSCs) from Sprague-Dawley male rats and co-cultured them with acellular spinal cord scaffolds (ASCs). Then, a rat spinal cord hemisection model was built and rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: SCI only, ASC only, and ASC + ADSCs. Furthermore, behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate functional recovery. Hematoxylin & Eosin staining and immunofluorence were carried out to assess histopathological remodeling. In addition, biotinylated dextran amines anterograde tracing was employed to visualize axon regeneration. The data demonstrated that harvested cells, which were positive for cell surface antigen cluster of differentiation (CD) 29, CD44 and CD90 and negative for CD4, detected by flow cytometry analysis, held the potential to differentiate into osteocytes and adipocytes. Rats that received transplantation of ASCs seeded with rADSCs benefited greatly in functional recovery through facilitation of histopathological rehabilitation, axon regeneration and reduction of reactive gliosis. rADSCs co-cultured with ASCs may survive and integrate into the host spinal cord on day 14 post-SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Xi Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Xianjun Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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Hsu MN, Liao HT, Li KC, Chen HH, Yen TC, Makarevich P, Parfyonova Y, Hu YC. Adipose-derived stem cell sheets functionalized by hybrid baculovirus for prolonged GDNF expression and improved nerve regeneration. Biomaterials 2017; 140:189-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Li LM, Han M, Jiang XC, Yin XZ, Chen F, Zhang TY, Ren H, Zhang JW, Hou TJ, Chen Z, Ou-Yang HW, Tabata Y, Shen YQ, Gao JQ. Peptide-Tethered Hydrogel Scaffold Promotes Recovery from Spinal Cord Transection via Synergism with Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:3330-3342. [PMID: 28058831 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating injuries. Treatment strategies for SCI are required to overcome comprehensive issues. Implantation of biomaterial scaffolds and stem cells has been demonstrated to be a promising strategy. However, a comprehensive recovery effect is difficult to achieve. In the comprehensive treatment process, the specific roles of the implanted scaffolds and of stem cells in combined strategy are usually neglected. In this study, a peptide-modified scaffold is developed based on hyaluronic acid and an adhesive peptide PPFLMLLKGSTR. Synchrotron radiation micro computed tomography measurement provides insights to the three-dimensional inner topographical property and perspective porous structure of the scaffold. The modified scaffold significantly improves cellular survival and adhesive growth of mesenchymal stem cells during 3D culture in vitro. After implantation in transected spinal cord, the modified scaffold and mesenchymal stems are found to function in synergy to restore injured spinal cord tissue, with respective strengths. Hindlimb motor function scores exhibit the most significant impact of the composite implant at 2 weeks post injury, which is the time secondary injury factors begin to take hold. Investigation on the secondary injury factors including inflammatory response and astrocyte overactivity at 10 days post injury reveals the possible underlying reason. Implants of the scaffold, cells, and especially the combination of both elicit inhibitory effects on these adverse factors. The study develops a promising implant for spinal cord tissue engineering and reveals the roles of the scaffold and stem cells. More importantly, the results provide the first understanding of the bioactive peptide PPFLMLLKGSTR concerning its functions on mesenchymal stem cells and spinal cord tissue restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xian-Zhen Yin
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
| | | | | | | | - Ji-Wen Zhang
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
| | | | | | | | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Department of Biomaterials, Field of Tissue Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - You-Qing Shen
- Center for Bionanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
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Salem N, Salem MY, Elmaghrabi MM, Elawady MA, Elawady MA, Sabry D, Shamaa A, Elkasapy AHH, Ibrhim N, Elamir A. Does vitamin C have the ability to augment the therapeutic effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on spinal cord injury? Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:2050-2058. [PMID: 29323045 PMCID: PMC5784354 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.221163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylprednisolone (MP) is currently the only drug confirmed to exhibit a neuroprotective effect on acute spinal cord injury (SCI). Vitamin C (VC) is a natural water-soluble antioxidant that exerts neuroprotective effects through eliminating free radical damage to nerve cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), as multipotent stem cells, are promising candidates in SCI repair. To evaluate the therapeutic effects of MP, VC and BMMSCs on traumatic SCI, 80 adult male rats were randomly divided into seven groups: control, SCI (SCI induction by weight-drop method), MP (SCI induction, followed by administration of 30 mg/kg MP via the tail vein, once every other 6 hours, for five times), VC (SCI induction, followed by intraperitoneal administration of 100 mg/kg VC once a day, for 28 days), MP + VC (SCI induction, followed by administration of MP and VC as the former), BMMSCs (SCI induction, followed by injection of 3 × 106 BMMSCs at the injury site), and BMMSCs + VC (SCI induction, followed by BMMSCs injection and VC administration as the former). Locomotor recovery was assessed using the Basso Mouse Scale. Injured spinal cord tissue was evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining. Expression of transforming growth factor-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 genes was determined using real-time quantitative PCR. BMMSCs intervention better promoted recovery of nerve function of rats with SCI, mitigated nerve cell damage, and decreased expression of transforming growth factor-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 genes than MP and/or VC. More importantly, BMMSCs in combination with VC induced more obvious improvements. These results suggest that VC can enhance the neuroprotective effects of BMMSCs against SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Salem
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Banha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Y Salem
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Banha University, Banha, Egypt
| | | | - Moataz A Elawady
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Banha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Mona A Elawady
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Banha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Dina Sabry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Shamaa
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Noha Ibrhim
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Banha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Azza Elamir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, El Fayoum University, Egyptian, Egypt
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