1
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Shin K, Suh HW, Suberi A, Whang CH, Ene M, Grundler J, Grun MK, Saltzman WM. Branching in poly(amine-co-ester) polyplexes impacts mRNA transfection. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122692. [PMID: 38986360 PMCID: PMC11298310 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Branching is a key structural parameter of polymers, which can have profound impacts on physicochemical properties. It has been demonstrated that branching is a modulating factor for mRNA delivery and transfection using delivery vehicles built from cationic polymers, but the influence of polymer branching on mRNA delivery remains relatively underexplored compared to other polymer features such as monomer composition, hydrophobicity, pKa, or the type of terminal group. In this study, we examined the impact of branching on the physicochemical properties of poly(amine-co-esters) (PACE) and their efficiency in mRNA transfection in vivo and in vitro under various conditions. PACE polymers were synthesized with various degrees of branching ranging from 0 to 0.66, and their transfection efficiency was systemically evaluated. We observed that branching improves the stability of polyplexes but reduces the pH buffering capacity. Therefore, the degree of branching (DB) must be optimized in a delivery route specific manner due to differences in challenges faced by polyplexes in different physiological compartments. Through a systematic analysis of physicochemical properties and mRNA transfection in vivo and in vitro, this study highlights the influence of polymer branching on nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangsoo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Won Suh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Alexandra Suberi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Chang-Hee Whang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Madalina Ene
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Julian Grundler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Molly K Grun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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2
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Jogdeo CM, Siddhanta K, Das A, Ding L, Panja S, Kumari N, Oupický D. Beyond Lipids: Exploring Advances in Polymeric Gene Delivery in the Lipid Nanoparticles Era. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404608. [PMID: 38842816 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The recent success of gene therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of effective and safe delivery systems. Complementing lipid-based delivery systems, polymers present a promising alternative for gene delivery. Significant advances have been made in the recent past, with multiple clinical trials progressing beyond phase I and several companies actively working on polymeric delivery systems which provides assurance that polymeric carriers can soon achieve clinical translation. The massive advantage of structural tunability and vast chemical space of polymers is being actively leveraged to mitigate shortcomings of traditional polycationic polymers and improve the translatability of delivery systems. Tailored polymeric approaches for diverse nucleic acids and for specific subcellular targets are now being designed to improve therapeutic efficacy. This review describes the recent advances in polymer design for improved gene delivery by polyplexes and covalent polymer-nucleic acid conjugates. The review also offers a brief note on novel computational techniques for improved polymer design. The review concludes with an overview of the current state of polymeric gene therapies in the clinic as well as future directions on their translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay M Jogdeo
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kasturi Siddhanta
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ashish Das
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ling Ding
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sudipta Panja
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Neha Kumari
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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3
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Berger AG, DeLorenzo C, Vo C, Kaskow JA, Nabar N, Hammond PT. Poly(β-aminoester) Physicochemical Properties Govern the Delivery of siRNA from Electrostatically Assembled Coatings. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2934-2952. [PMID: 38687965 PMCID: PMC11117021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Localized short interfering RNA (siRNA) therapy has the potential to drive high-specificity molecular-level treatment of a variety of disease states. Unfortunately, effective siRNA therapy suffers from several barriers to its intracellular delivery. Thus, drug delivery systems that package and control the release of therapeutic siRNAs are necessary to overcome these obstacles to clinical translation. Layer-by-layer (LbL) electrostatic assembly of thin film coatings containing siRNA and protonatable, hydrolyzable poly(β-aminoester) (PBAE) polymers is one such drug delivery strategy. However, the impact of PBAE physicochemical properties on the transfection efficacy of siRNA released from LbL thin film coatings has not been systematically characterized. In this study, we investigate the siRNA transfection efficacy of four structurally similar PBAEs in vitro. We demonstrate that small changes in structure yield large changes in physicochemical properties, such as hydrophobicity, pKa, and amine chemical structure, driving differences in the interactions between PBAEs and siRNA in polyplexes and in LbL thin film coatings for wound dressings. In our polymer set, Poly3 forms the most stable interactions with siRNA (Keff,w/w = 0.298) to slow release kinetics and enhance transfection of reporter cells in both colloidal and thin film coating approaches. This is due to its unique physiochemical properties: high hydrophobicity (clog P = 7.86), effective pKa closest to endosomal pH (pKa = 6.21), and high cooperativity in buffering (nhill = 7.2). These properties bestow Poly3 with enhanced endosomal buffering and escape properties. Taken together, this work elucidates the connections between small changes in polymer structure, emergent properties, and polyelectrolyte theory to better understand PBAE transfection efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G. Berger
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Charles DeLorenzo
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Chau Vo
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Justin A. Kaskow
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Namita Nabar
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Paula T. Hammond
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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4
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Mehta MJ, Kim HJ, Lim SB, Naito M, Miyata K. Recent Progress in the Endosomal Escape Mechanism and Chemical Structures of Polycations for Nucleic Acid Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300366. [PMID: 38226723 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapies are seeing a spiralling surge. Stimuli-responsive polymers, especially pH-responsive ones, are gaining widespread attention because of their ability to efficiently deliver nucleic acids. These polymers can be synthesized and modified according to target requirements, such as delivery sites and the nature of nucleic acids. In this regard, the endosomal escape mechanism of polymer-nucleic acid complexes (polyplexes) remains a topic of considerable interest owing to various plausible escape mechanisms. This review describes current progress in the endosomal escape mechanism of polyplexes and state-of-the-art chemical designs for pH-responsive polymers. The importance is also discussed of the acid dissociation constant (i.e., pKa) in designing the new generation of pH-responsive polymers, along with assays to monitor and quantify the endosomal escape behavior. Further, the use of machine learning is addressed in pKa prediction and polymer design to find novel chemical structures for pH responsiveness. This review will facilitate the design of new pH-responsive polymers for advanced and efficient nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit J Mehta
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Been Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mitsuru Naito
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kanjiro Miyata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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5
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Cao X, Wang C, Deng Z, Zhong Y, Chen H. Efficient ocular delivery of siRNA via pH-sensitive vehicles for corneal neovascularization inhibition. Int J Pharm X 2023; 5:100183. [PMID: 37234133 PMCID: PMC10206438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CoNV)-induced blindness is an enduring and challenging condition with limited management options. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising strategy for preventing CoNV. This study reported a new strategy using siVEGFA to silence vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) for CoNV treatment. To improve the efficacy of siVEGFA delivery, a pH-sensitive polycationic mPEG2k-PAMA30-P(DEA29-D5A29) (TPPA) was fabricated. TPPA/siVEGFA polyplexes enter cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, resulting in higher cellular uptake efficiency and comparable silencing efficiency than that of Lipofectamine 2000 in vitro. Hemolytic assays verified that TPPA safe in normal physiological environments (pH 7.4) but can easily destroy membranes in acidic mature endosomes (pH 4.0). Studies on the distribution of TPPA in vivo showed that it could prolong the retention time of siVEGFA and promote its penetration in the cornea. In a mouse model induced by alkali burn, TPPA efficiently delivered siVEGFA to the lesion site and achieved VEGFA silencing efficiency. Importantly, the inhibitory effect of TPPA/siVEGFA on CoNV was comparable to that of the anti-VEGF drug ranibizumab. Delivering siRNA using pH-sensitive polycations to the ocular environment provides a new strategy to efficiently inhibit CoNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Cao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry/School of Biomedical Engineering, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Changrong Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuroimaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Zhennv Deng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry/School of Biomedical Engineering, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yiming Zhong
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry/School of Biomedical Engineering, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry/School of Biomedical Engineering, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
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6
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Huang R, Wang F, Fu H, Qi X, Xing G, Ren J, Cheng L, Meng F, Zhong Z. Bioresponsive Chimaeric Polymersomes Mediate Sustained and Liver-Specific siRNA Transfection In Vivo. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5353-5363. [PMID: 37871289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The silencing of disease-causing genes with small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers a particularly effective therapeutic strategy for different disorders; however, its clinical efficacy relies on the development of nontoxic and tissue-specific delivery vehicles. Herein, we report that bioresponsive chimaeric polymersomes (BCP) with short poly(ethylenimine) as inner shell mediate highly efficacious, sustained, and liver-specific siRNA transfection in vivo. BCP exhibited remarkable encapsulation efficiencies of siRNA (95-100%) at siRNA-feeding contents of 15-25 wt %, to afford stable, small-sized (55-64 nm), and neutral-charged BCP-siRNA. siApoB-Loaded BCP (BCP-siApoB) outperformed lipofectamine counterparts and silenced 93% of ApoB mRNA in HepG2 cells at 50 nM siApoB without inducing cytotoxicity. Intriguingly, the in vivo studies using wild-type C57BL/6 mice revealed that BCP-siApoB preferentially accumulated in the liver, and a single dose of 4.5 mg/kg achieved over 90% downregulation of ApoB mRNA for at least 10 days. The systemic administration of BCP-siApoB at 4.5 mg/kg every 2 weeks or 1.5 mg/kg weekly in diet-induced obese mice could also achieve up to 80% silencing of ApoB mRNA. The liver specificity and silencing efficacy of BCP-siApoB could further be improved by decorating it with the trivalent N-acetylgalactosamine (TriGalNAc) ligand. These bioresponsive and liver-specific chimaeric polymersomes provide an enabling technology for siRNA therapy of various liver-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Huang
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - He Fu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Xinming Qi
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Guozhen Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jin Ren
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Fenghua Meng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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7
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Weiss AM, Lopez MA, Rawe BW, Manna S, Chen Q, Mulder EJ, Rowan SJ, Esser-Kahn AP. Understanding How Cationic Polymers' Properties Inform Toxic or Immunogenic Responses via Parametric Analysis. Macromolecules 2023; 56:7286-7299. [PMID: 37781211 PMCID: PMC10537447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c01223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Cationic polymers are widely used materials in diverse biotechnologies. Subtle variations in these polymers' properties can change them from exceptional delivery agents to toxic inflammatory hazards. Conventional screening strategies optimize for function in a specific application rather than observing how underlying polymer-cell interactions emerge from polymers' properties. An alternative approach is to map basic underlying responses, such as immunogenicity or toxicity, as a function of basic physicochemical parameters to inform the design of materials for a breadth of applications. To demonstrate the potential of this approach, we synthesized 107 polymers varied in charge, hydrophobicity, and molecular weight. We then screened this library for cytotoxic behavior and immunogenic responses to map how these physicochemical properties inform polymer-cell interactions. We identify three compositional regions of interest and use confocal microscopy to uncover the mechanisms behind the observed responses. Finally, immunogenic activity is confirmed in vivo. Highly cationic polymers disrupted the cellular plasma membrane to induce a toxic phenotype, while high molecular weight, hydrophobic polymers were uptaken by active transport to induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation, an immunogenic phenotype. Tertiary amine- and triethylene glycol-containing polymers did not invoke immunogenic or toxic responses. The framework described herein allows for the systematic characterization of new cationic materials with different physicochemical properties for applications ranging from drug and gene delivery to antimicrobial coatings and tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Weiss
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Marcos A. Lopez
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Benjamin W. Rawe
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Saikat Manna
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Qing Chen
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Elizabeth J. Mulder
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Aaron P. Esser-Kahn
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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8
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Mao L, Ma P, Luo X, Cheng H, Wang Z, Ye E, Loh XJ, Wu YL, Li Z. Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Nanovaccines Toward Next-Generation Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37207347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanovaccines that employ polymeric delivery carriers has garnered substantial interest in therapeutic treatment of cancer and a variety of infectious diseases due to their superior biocompatibility, lower toxicity and reduced immunogenicity. Particularly, stimuli-responsive polymeric nanocarriers show great promise for delivering antigens and adjuvants to targeted immune cells, preventing antigen degradation and clearance, and increasing the uptake of specific antigen-presenting cells, thereby sustaining adaptive immune responses and improving immunotherapy for certain diseases. In this review, the most recent advances in the utilization of stimulus-responsive polymer-based nanovaccines for immunotherapeutic applications are presented. These sophisticated polymeric nanovaccines with diverse functions, aimed at therapeutic administration for disease prevention and immunotherapy, are further classified into several active domains, including pH, temperature, redox, light and ultrasound-sensitive intelligent nanodelivery systems. Finally, the potential strategies for the future design of multifunctional next-generation polymeric nanovaccines by integrating materials science with biological interface are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuzhou Mao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Panqin Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xi Luo
- BE/Phase I Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- BE/Phase I Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Enyi Ye
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore
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9
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Hausig-Punke F, Dekevic G, Sobotta FH, Solomun JI, Richter F, Salzig D, Traeger A, Brendel JC. Efficient Transfection via an Unexpected Mechanism by Near Neutral Polypiperazines with Tailored Response to Endosomal pH. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200517. [PMID: 36655803 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cationic pH-responsive polymers promise to overcome critical challenges in cellular delivery. Ideally, the polymers become selectively charged along the endosomal pathway disturbing only the local membrane and avoiding unintended interactions or cytotoxic side effects at physiological conditions. Polypiperazines represent a novel, hydrophilic class of pH-responsive polymers whose response can be tuned within the relevant pH range (5-7.4). The authors discovered that the polypiperazines are effectively binding plasmid DNA (pDNA) and demonstrate high efficiency in transfection. By design of experiments (DoE), a wide parameter space (pDNA and polymer concentration) is screened to identify the range of effective concentrations for transfection. An isopropyl modified polypiperazine is highly efficient over a wide range of concentrations outperforming linear polyethylenimine (l-PEI, 25 kDa) in regions of low N*/P ratios. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) surprisingly revealed that the pDNA within the piperazine-based polyplexes can be amplified in contrast to polyplexes based on l-PEI. The pDNA must therefore be more accessible and bound differently than for other known transfection polymers. Considering the various opportunities to further optimize their structure, polypiperazines represent a promising platform for designing effective soluble polymeric vectors, which are charge-neutral at physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hausig-Punke
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Gregor Dekevic
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fabian H Sobotta
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana I Solomun
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Friederike Richter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Denise Salzig
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
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10
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Lee S, Nasr S, Rasheed S, Liu Y, Hartwig O, Kaya C, Boese A, Koch M, Herrmann J, Müller R, Loretz B, Buhler E, Hirsch AKH, Lehr CM. Proteoid biodynamers for safe mRNA transfection via pH-responsive nanorods enabling endosomal escape. J Control Release 2023; 353:915-929. [PMID: 36521693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The recent success of mRNA vaccines using lipid-based vectors highlights the importance of strategies for nucleotide delivery under the pandemic situation. Although current mRNA delivery is focused on lipid-based vectors, still they need to be optimized for increasing stability, targeting, and efficiency, and for reducing toxicity. In this regard, other vector systems featuring smart strategies such as pH-responsive degradability and endosomal escape ability hold the potential to overcome the current limitations. Here, we report pH-responsive polymeric nanorods made of amino acid-derivatives connected by dynamic covalent bonds called proteoid-biodynamers, as mRNA vectors. They show excellent biocompatibility due to the biodegradation, and outstanding transfection. The biodynamers of Lys, His, and Arg or monomer mixtures thereof were shown to form nanocomplexes with mRNA. They outperformed conventional transfection agents three times regarding transfection efficacy in three human cell lines, with 82-98% transfection in living cells. Also, we confirmed that the biodynamers disrupted the endosomes up to 10-fold more in number than the conventional vectors. We discuss here their outstanding performance with a thorough analysis of their nanorod structure changes in endosomal microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeun Lee
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Sarah Nasr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Sari Rasheed
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Yun Liu
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Olga Hartwig
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Cansu Kaya
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Annette Boese
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany; Helmholtz International Lab - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eric Buhler
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR CNRS 7057, Université Paris Cité, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Anna K H Hirsch
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Helmholtz International Lab - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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11
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Sheng C, Zhao J, Di Z, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Li L. Spatially resolved in vivo imaging of inflammation-associated mRNA via enzymatic fluorescence amplification in a molecular beacon. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:1074-1084. [PMID: 36050523 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo optical imaging of RNA biomarkers of inflammation is hindered by low signal-to-background ratios, owing to non-specific signal amplification in healthy tissues. Here we report the design and in vivo applicability, for the imaging of inflammation-associated messenger RNAs (mRNAs), of a molecular beacon bearing apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, whose amplification of fluorescence is triggered by human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 on translocation from the nucleus into the cytoplasm specifically in inflammatory cells. We assessed the sensitivity and tissue specificity of an engineered molecular beacon targeting interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA in live mice, by detecting acute inflammation in their paws and drug-induced inflammation in their livers. This enzymatic-amplification strategy may enable the specific and sensitive imaging of other disease-relevant RNAs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangui Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.,College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.,College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghan Di
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.,College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.,College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, China
| | - Lele Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China. .,College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Mirón-Barroso S, Correia JS, Frampton AE, Lythgoe MP, Clark J, Tookman L, Ottaviani S, Castellano L, Porter AE, Georgiou TK, Krell J. Polymeric Carriers for Delivery of RNA Cancer Therapeutics. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8040058. [PMID: 36005826 PMCID: PMC9412371 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As research uncovers the underpinnings of cancer biology, new targeted therapies have been developed. Many of these therapies are small molecules, such as kinase inhibitors, that target specific proteins; however, only 1% of the genome encodes for proteins and only a subset of these proteins has ‘druggable’ active binding sites. In recent decades, RNA therapeutics have gained popularity due to their ability to affect targets that small molecules cannot. Additionally, they can be manufactured more rapidly and cost-effectively than small molecules or recombinant proteins. RNA therapeutics can be synthesised chemically and altered quickly, which can enable a more personalised approach to cancer treatment. Even though a wide range of RNA therapeutics are being developed for various indications in the oncology setting, none has reached the clinic to date. One of the main reasons for this is attributed to the lack of safe and effective delivery systems for this type of therapeutic. This review focuses on current strategies to overcome these challenges and enable the clinical utility of these novel therapeutic agents in the cancer clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Mirón-Barroso
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Joana S. Correia
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (J.S.C.); (A.E.P.); (T.K.G.)
| | - Adam E. Frampton
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Mark P. Lythgoe
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
| | - James Clark
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Laura Tookman
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Silvia Ottaviani
- Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK;
| | | | - Alexandra E. Porter
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (J.S.C.); (A.E.P.); (T.K.G.)
| | - Theoni K. Georgiou
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (J.S.C.); (A.E.P.); (T.K.G.)
| | - Jonathan Krell
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
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13
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Ma Z, Wong S, Forgham H, Esser L, Lai M, Leiske M, Kempe K, Sharbeen G, Youkhana J, Mansfeld F, Quinn J, Phillips P, Davis T, Kavallaris M, McCarroll J. Aerosol delivery of star polymer-siRNA nanoparticles as a therapeutic strategy to inhibit lung tumor growth. Biomaterials 2022; 285:121539. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Yan Y, Zhang G, Wu C, Ren Q, Liu X, Huang F, Cao Y, Ye W. Structural Exploration of Polycationic Nanoparticles for siRNA Delivery. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1964-1974. [PMID: 35380797 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising approach to the treatment of genetic diseases by the specific knockdown of target genes. Functional polymers are potential vehicles for the effective delivery of vulnerable small interfering RNA (siRNA), which is required for the broad application of RNAi-based therapeutics. The development of methods for the facile modulation of chemical structures of polymeric carriers and an elucidation of detailed delivery mechanisms remain important areas of research. In this paper, we synthesized a series of methacrylate-based polymers with controllable structures and narrow distributions by atom transfer radical polymerization using various combinations of cationic monomers (2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and 2-dibutylaminoethyl methacrylate) and hydrophobic monomers (2-butyl methacrylate (BMA), cyclohexyl methacrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate). These polymers exhibited varying hydrophobicities, charge densities, and pKa values, enabling the discovery of effective carriers for siRNA by in vitro delivery assays. For the polymers with BMA segments, 50% of cationic segments were beneficial to the formation of siRNA nanoparticles (NPs) and the in vitro delivery of siRNA. The optimal ratio varied for different combinations of cationic and hydrophobic segments. In particular, 20k PMB 0.5, PME 0.5, and PEB 1.0 showed >75% luciferase knockdown. Efficacious delivery was dependent on high siRNA binding, the small size of NPs, and balanced hydrophobicity and charge density. Cellular uptake and endosomal escape experiments indicated that carboxybetaine modification of 20k PMB 0.5 did not remarkably affect the internalization of corresponding NPs after incubation for 6 h but significantly reduced the endosomal escape of NPs, which leads to the notable decrease in delivery efficacy of polymers. These results provide insights into the mechanism of polymer-based siRNA delivery and may inspire the development of novel polymeric carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Yan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Guangliang Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Chengfan Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Qidi Ren
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Fangqian Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yi Cao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Wenbo Ye
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
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15
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Wang Z, Song W, Sheng R, Guo X, Hao L, Zhang X. Controlled preparation of cholesterol-bearing polycations with pendent l-lysine for efficient gene delivery. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2058943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- School of Material Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Optometric Materials and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenli Song
- School of Material Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Optometric Materials and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruilong Sheng
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- School of Material Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Optometric Materials and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyun Hao
- School of Material Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Optometric Materials and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- School of Material Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Optometric Materials and Technology, Nanjing, China
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16
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17
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Zhang Y, Dong Y, Zhou J, Huang W, Wu Y, Zhao S, Shi Y, Bai S, Li C, Huang Y, Dong A. Possibility for double optimization of siRNA intracellular delivery efficiency and antibacterial activity: Structure screening of pH-sensitive triblock amphiphilic polycation micelles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 209:112178. [PMID: 34742020 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Optimal combination of hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance, proton buffering and electrostatic interaction is the key issue for designing polycations as efficient gene vectors and antibacterial agents. Herein, we screened a series of pH-sensitive quaternary ammonium-based amphiphilic triblock copolymers, mPEG2k-P(DPAa/DMAb)-PQAc (TDDE-x), which had different pKa values and proton buffering capacities. Significantly, we found that both the highest siRNA intracellular delivery efficiency and the strongest antibacterial capacity occurred on TDDE-3 micelles with the segment structure of mPEG2k-P(DPA50/DMA56)-PQA55. The TDDE-3/siRNA complex achieved 67% silencing efficiency on H9C2 cells (N/P = 5, 50 nM siRNA), higher than the advanced commercial transfection reagents RNAiMAX (58%) and Lipo2000 (30%). Moreover, TDDE-3 micelles showed quite low MICs of 32 μg/mL and 8 μg/mL against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. Further studies on the structure-function relationship indicated that TDDE-3 micelles could mediate robust endosome escape and siRNA cytosolic release, and strong bacterial cell membrane-destabilizing function. Undoubtedly, this work reveals the possibility for double optimization of siRNA intracellular delivery efficiency and antibacterial activity of amphiphilic polycations by reasonable structure design, which is significant for low-cost development and clinical translation of efficient multifunctional polycations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, PR China; Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanliang Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yidi Wu
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuyue Zhao
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongli Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, PR China.
| | - Suping Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Chunhui Li
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy; Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy; Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Anjie Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, PR China; Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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18
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Pyrvinium pamoate regulates MGMT expression through suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to enhance the glioblastoma sensitivity to temozolomide. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:288. [PMID: 34642308 PMCID: PMC8511032 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is the mainstream chemotherapeutic drug for treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), but the intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance to TMZ has become the leading clinical concern, which is related to the repair of DNA alkylation sites by O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Pyrvinium pamoate (PP), the FDA-approved anthelminthic drug, has been reported to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin pathway within numerous cancer types, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway can modulate the expression of MGMT gene. However, whether PP affects the expression of MGMT and enhances TMZ sensitivity in GBM cells remains unclear. In the present study, we found that PP and TMZ had synergistic effect on inhibiting the viability of GBM cells, and PP induced inhibition of MGMT and enhanced the TMZ chemosensitivity of GBM cells through down-regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, the overexpression of MGMT or β-catenin weakened the synergy between PP and TMZ. The mechanism of PP in inhibiting the Wnt pathway was indicated that PP resulted in the degradation of β-catenin via the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling axis. Moreover, Ser552 phosphorylation in β-catenin, which promotes its nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity, is blocked by PP that also inhibits the Wnt pathway to some extent. The intracranial GBM mouse model also demonstrated that the synergy between PP and TMZ could be achieved through down-regulating β-catenin and MGMT, which prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. Taken together, our data suggest that PP may serve as the prospect medicine to improve the chemotherapeutic effect on GBM, especially for chemoresistant to TMZ induced by MGMT overexpression.
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Xu J, Gu M, Hooi L, Toh TB, Thng DKH, Lim JJ, Chow EKH. Enhanced penetrative siRNA delivery by a nanodiamond drug delivery platform against hepatocellular carcinoma 3D models. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16131-16145. [PMID: 34542130 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03502a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can cause specific gene silencing and is considered promising for treating a variety of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, siRNA has many undesirable physicochemical properties that limit its application. Additionally, conventional methods for delivering siRNA are limited in their ability to penetrate solid tumors. In this study, nanodiamonds (NDs) were evaluated as a nanoparticle drug delivery platform for improved siRNA delivery into tumor cells. Our results demonstrated that ND-siRNA complexes could effectively be formed through electrostatic interactions. The ND-siRNA complexes allowed for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal escape that protects siRNA from degradation. Moreover, ND delivery of siRNA was more effective at penetrating tumor spheroids compared to liposomal formulations. This enhanced penetration capacity makes NDs ideal vehicles to deliver siRNA against solid tumor masses as efficient gene knockdown and decreased tumor cell proliferation were observed in tumor spheroids. Evaluation of ND-siRNA complexes within the context of a 3D cancer disease model demonstrates the potential of NDs as a promising gene delivery platform against solid tumors, such as HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Xu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Mengjie Gu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Lissa Hooi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Tan Boon Toh
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Dexter Kai Hao Thng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Jhin Jieh Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
- The Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore
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20
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Hausig F, Sobotta FH, Richter F, Harz DO, Traeger A, Brendel JC. Correlation between Protonation of Tailor-Made Polypiperazines and Endosomal Escape for Cytosolic Protein Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35233-35247. [PMID: 34283557 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Responsive polymers, which become protonated at decreasing pH, are considered a milestone in the development of synthetic cell entry vectors. Exact correlations between their properties and their ability to escape the endosome, however, often remain elusive due to hydrophobic interactions or limitations in the design of water-soluble materials with suitable basicity. Here, we present a series of well-defined, hydrophilic polypiperazines, where systematic variation of the amino moiety facilitates an unprecedented fine-tuning of the basicity or pKa value within the physiologically relevant range (pH 6-7.4). Coincubation of HEK 293T cells with various probes, including small fluorophores or functioning proteins, revealed a rapid increase of endosomal release for polymers with pKa values above 6.5 or 7 in serum-free or serum-containing media, respectively. Similarly, cytotoxic effects became severe at increased pKa values (>7). Although the window for effective transport appears narrow, the discovered correlations offer a principal guideline for the design of effective polymers for endosomal escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hausig
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Fabian H Sobotta
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Friederike Richter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dominic O Harz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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21
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Zelcak A, Unal YC, Mese G, Bulmus V. A diaminoethane motif bearing low molecular weight polymer as a new nucleic acid delivery agent. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Wang Z, Sun J, Li M, Luo T, Shen Y, Cao A, Sheng R. Natural steroid-based cationic copolymers cholesterol/diosgenin- r-PDMAEMAs and their pDNA nanoplexes: impact of steroid structures and hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratios on pDNA delivery. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19450-19460. [PMID: 35479247 PMCID: PMC9033666 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00223f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Using natural-based lipids to construct biocompatible, controllable and efficient nanocarriers and elucidating their structure-function relationships, was regarded as an important area for creating sustainable biomaterials. Herein, we utilized two natural steroids: cholesterol and diosgenin (bearing different hydrophobic tails) as the building blocks, to synthesize a series of natural steroid-based cationic random copolymers PMA6Chol-r-PDMAEMA and PMA6Dios-r-PDMAEMA via RAFT polymerization. The results demonstrated that the steroid-r-PDMAEMA copolymers could efficiently bind pDNA (N/P < 3.0) and then form near-spherical shape (142-449 nm) and positively-charged (+11.5 to +19.6 mV) nanoparticles. The in vitro cytotoxicity and gene transfection efficiency greatly depend on the steroid hydrophobic tail structures and steroid/PDMAEMA block ratios. Optimum transfection efficiency of the (Chol-P1/pDNA and Dios-P3/pDNA) nanoplexes could reach to 18.1-31.2% of the PEI-25K/pDNA complex. Moreover, all of the steroid-r-PDMAEMA/Cy3-pDNA nanoplexes have an obvious "lysosome localization" effect, indicating the steroid structures do not remarkably influence the intracellular localization behaviors of these nanoplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai 200072 China.,School of Material Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology Nanjing 211169 China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai 200072 China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Mingrui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ting Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yulin Shen
- School of Material Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology Nanjing 211169 China
| | - Amin Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ruilong Sheng
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai 200072 China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China.,CQM-Centro de Quimica da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira Campus da Penteada Funchal Madeira 9000-390 Portugal
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23
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Chen X, Xu K, Yu J, Zhao X, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Cheng Y. Peptide modified polycations with pH triggered lytic activity for efficient gene delivery. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:6301-6308. [PMID: 33020778 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01231a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endo/lysosome entrapment is the key barrier for gene delivery using synthetic polycations. Although the introduction of a membrane-lytic peptide into polycations could facilitate efficient endo/lysosome release and improve gene delivery efficiency, it is always accompanied by serious safety concerns. In this work, the widely used polycations, poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (PDMAEMA), poly(l-lysine) (PLL) and polyethylenimine (PEI), are modified with a pH-sensitive peptide (C6M3) with selective lytic activity to produce three functional polycations to address the issue of endo/lysosome entrapment and facilitate efficient gene transfer. Hemolysis study shows that the functionalized polycations show good biocompatibility toward red blood cells at neutral pH, and exhibit potent membrane lysis activity under acidic conditions, which are both on-demand for the ideal gene carriers. In vitro transfection studies demonstrate that the peptide modified polycations mediate promising gene delivery efficiency with the luciferase plasmid and the green fluorescence protein plasmid in HeLa cells compared to the parent polycations. Owing to the facile preparation and selective lysis activity of the C6M3 modified polycations, these smart gene vectors may be good candidates for the transfer of various nucleic acids and further clinical gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Chen
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Kai Xu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Yilong Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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24
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Chen Z, Wang X, Liu S, Li Y, Zhou H, Guo T. Zn(ii)-Dipicolylamine analogues with amphiphilic side chains endow low molecular weight PEI with high transfection performance. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3090-3099. [PMID: 33751016 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm02181d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of amphiphilic balance of Zn(ii)-dipicolylamine analogues on the transfection process, we fabricated a series of Zn(ii)-dipicolylamine functional modules (DDAC-Rs) with different hydrophilic-phobic side chains to modify low molecular weight PEI (Zn-DP-Rs) by the Michael addition reaction. Zn-DP-Rs with hydrophilic terminal hydroxy group side chains demonstrate superior overall performance compared to those of hydrophobic alkyl side chains. In terms of the influence of the chain lengths in DDAC-Rs, from Zn-DP-A/OH-3 to Zn-DP-A/OH-5, the corresponding transfection efficiency shows an upward trend as the lengths increase. However, decreasing efficacy is observed with further increase in the length of side chains. In addition, the Zn-DP-Rs with amphiphilic side chains show prominent performance in every respect, highlighting the significance of balance in the amphipathy of side chains in DDAC-Rs. This work is of great significance for the development of polycationic gene carrier materials with excellent performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road, No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Xindong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road, No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road, No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Yumeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road, No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tianying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road, No. 94, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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25
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Patel P, Ibrahim NM, Cheng K. The Importance of Apparent pKa in the Development of Nanoparticles Encapsulating siRNA and mRNA. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 42:448-460. [PMID: 33875229 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymer and lipid nanoparticles have been extensively used as carriers to address the biological barriers encountered in siRNA and mRNA delivery. We summarize the crucial role of nanoparticle charge and ionizability in complexing RNAs, binding to biological components, escaping from the endosome, and releasing RNAs into the cytoplasm. We highlight the significant impact of the apparent pKa of nanoparticles on their efficacy and toxicity, and the importance of optimizing pKa in the development of lead formulations for RNAs. We also discuss the feasibility of fine-tuning the pKa in nanoparticles and the applications of this approach in the optimization of delivery systems for RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratikkumar Patel
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Nurudeen Mohammed Ibrahim
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Kun Cheng
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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26
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Yang Q, Dong Y, Wang X, Lin Z, Yan M, Wang W, Dong A, Zhang J, Huang P, Wang C. pH-Sensitive Polycations for siRNA Delivery: Effect of Asymmetric Structures of Tertiary Amine Groups. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100025. [PMID: 33769670 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
pH-sensitive polyelectrolytes provide enormous opportunity for siRNA delivery. Especially, their tertiary amine structures can not only bind genes but also act as pH-sensitive hydrophobic structure to control genes release. However, the influence of molecular structures on siRNA delivery still remains elusive, especially for the asymmetric alkyl substituents of the tertiary amine groups. Herein, a library of N-methyl-N-alkyl aminoethyl methacrylate monomers (MsAM) with asymmetric alkyl substituents on the tertiary amine group is synthesized and used to prepare a series of tri-block polycationic copolymers poly(aminoethyl methacrylate)-block-poly (N-methyl-N-alkyl aminoethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(ethylene glycol methacrylate) (PAMA-PMsMA-PEG). And the properties of these polycations and their self-assembled micelles are characterized, including molecular structure, proton buffering capacity, pH-sensitivity, size, and zeta potential. With the length increase of one alkyl substituent, the proton buffering capacity of both monomers and polycations is demonstrated to be narrowed down. The siRNA delivery efficiency and cytotoxicity of these micelles are also evaluated on HepG2 cells. In particular, poly(aminoethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(N-methyl-N-ethyl aminoethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(ethylene glycol methacrylate) (PAMA-PMEMA-PEG) elicited the best luciferase knockdown efficiency and low cytotoxicity. Besides, PAMA-PMEMA-PEG/siRRM2 also induced significant anti-tumor activity in vitro. These results indicated PAMA-PMEMA-PEG has potential for further use in the design of gene vehicles with the improved efficiency of siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinping Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yanliang Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xuanyu Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhihao Lin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Mingyu Yan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Pingsheng Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Changrong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
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27
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Wang H, Zhang S, Lv J, Cheng Y. Design of polymers for siRNA delivery: Recent progress and challenges. VIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Molecular Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Song Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Molecular Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Jia Lv
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Molecular Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Molecular Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology School of Life Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
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28
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Wang C, Wang X, Du L, Dong Y, Hu B, Zhou J, Shi Y, Bai S, Huang Y, Cao H, Liang Z, Dong A. Harnessing pH-Sensitive Polycation Vehicles for the Efficient siRNA Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:2218-2229. [PMID: 33406826 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
pH-sensitive hydrophobic segments have been certificated to facilitate siRNA delivery efficiency of amphiphilic polycation vehicles. However, optimal design concepts for these vehicles remain unclear. Herein, by studying the library of amphiphilic polycations mPEG-PAMA50-P(DEAx-r-D5Ay) (EAE5x/y), we concluded a multifactor matching concept (pKa values, "proton buffering capacities" (BCs), and critical micelle concentrations (CMCs)) for polycation vehicles to improve siRNA delivery efficiency in vitro and in vivo. We identified that the stronger BCs in a pH 5.5-7.4 subset induced by EAE548/29 (pKa = 6.79) and EAE539/37 (pKa = 6.20) are effective for siRNA delivery in vitro. Further, the stronger BCs occurred in a narrow subset of pH 5.5-6.5 and the lower CMC attributed to higher siRNA delivery capacity of EAE539/37 in vivo than EAE548/29 after intravenous administration and subcutaneous injection. More importantly, 87.2% gene knockdown efficacy was achieved by EAE539/37 via subcutaneous injection, which might be useful for an mRNA vaccine adjuvant. Furthermore, EAE539/37 also successfully delivered siRRM2 to tumor via intravenous administration and received highly efficient antitumor activity. Taken together, the suitable pKa values, strong BCs occurred in pH 5.5-6.5, and low CMCs were probably the potential solution for designing efficient polycationic vehicles for siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, P.R. China
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lili Du
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanliang Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Life Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongli Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Suping Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huiqing Cao
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zicai Liang
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, P.R. China
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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29
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Wang C, Shi X, Song H, Zhang C, Wang X, Huang P, Dong A, Zhang Y, Kong D, Wang W. Polymer-lipid hybrid nanovesicle-enabled combination of immunogenic chemotherapy and RNAi-mediated PD-L1 knockdown elicits antitumor immunity against melanoma. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120579. [PMID: 33278683 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment; however, only a limited portion of patients show responses to currently available immunotherapy regimens. Here, we demonstrate that RNA interference (RNAi) combined with immunogenic chemotherapy can elicit potent antitumor immunity against melanoma. Specially, we developed cationic polymer-lipid hybrid nanovesicles (P/LNVs) as a new delivery system for doxorubicin and small interfering RNA (siRNA) with extensive cytotoxicity and gene silencing efficiency towards B16 cells. The deployment of doxorubicin-loaded P/LNVs augmented the expression and presentation of endogenous tumor antigens directly in situ by inducing the immunogenic cell death of B16 cells through poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1-dependent (PARP1) apoptosis pathway; thereby, eliciting remarkable antitumor immune responses in mice. Leveraging dying B16 cells as a vaccination strategy in combination with RNAi-based programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) knockdown showed efficacy in both prophylactic and metastasis melanoma settings. Strikingly, PD-L1 blockade synergized with a sub-therapeutic dose of doxorubicin triggered robust therapeutic antitumor T-cell responses and eradicated pre-established tumors in 30% of mice bearing B16 melanoma. Our findings indicated that this combination treatment provided a new powerful immunotherapy modality, characterized by markedly increased infiltration of effector CD8+ T cells and effective alleviation of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumors. P/LNVs is a versatile and highly scalable carrier that can enable a broad combination of nanomedicine and RNAi, providing new therapeutic strategies for advanced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai, 264003, China; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Huijuan Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Chuangnian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Pingsheng Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Deling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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30
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The microgravity enhanced polymer-mediated siRNA gene silence by improving cellular uptake. BIOPHYSICS REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41048-020-00121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphical abstract
Abstract
Microgravity (MG) effect is a weightlessness phenomenon caused by the distance from the ground or low gravity of other planets outside the earth’s atmosphere. The various effects of MG have been corroborated in human and animal studies and modeled in cell-based analogs. However, the impact of MG on siRNA performance remains to be elucidated, which is crucial for aerospace medicine. In this study, we prepared nucleic acid nanomicelles (EAASc/siRNA) by using tri-block copolymer of PEG45-PAMA40-P(C7A36-DBA37) (EAASc) and siRNA and explored its working mechanism under simulated microgravity (SMG) condition generated by a random positioning machine (RPM). The binding ability of EAASc to siRNA and silence activity were firstly confirmed in normal gravity (NG) environment. Evaluation of PLK1 mRNA expression revealed that gene inhibition efficiencies were increased by 28.7% (HepG2) and 28.9% (A549) under SMG condition, compared with those under NG condition. In addition, mechanism exploration indicated that morphology and migration capability of cancer cells were significantly changed, the internalization of EAASc/siRNA by cells was magnified when the cells were incubated with RPM. No significant difference was observed regarding the expression profiles of genes involved in RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, including Ago2, Dicer, TRBP, and so on. Taken together, siRNA activity was elevated under SMG condition owning to increased cellular internalization. This study, for the first time to our knowledge, provides valuable theory for development and application of siRNA therapeutic in space in the future.
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31
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Zhao S, Huang W, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ye Z, Zhang J, Deng L, Dong A. Screening and Matching Amphiphilic Cationic Polymers for Efficient Antibiosis. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:5269-5281. [PMID: 33226784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The amphiphilic cationic polymers that mimic antimicrobial peptides have received increasing attention due to their excellent antibacterial activity. However, the relationship between the structure of cationic polymers and its antibacterial effect remains unclear. In our current work, a series of PEG blocked amphiphilic cationic polymers composed of hydrophobic alkyl-modified and quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) moieties have been prepared. The structure-antibacterial activity relationship of these cationic polymers was investigated against E. coli and S. aureus, including PEGylation, random structure, molecular weights, and the content and lengths of the hydrophobic alkyl side chains. The results indicated that PEGylated random amphiphilic cationic copolymer (mPB35/T57) showed stronger antibacterial activity and better biocompatibility than the random copolymer without PEG (PB33/T56). Furthermore, mPB35/T57 with appropriate mole fraction of alkyl side chains (falkyl = 0.38), degree of polymerization (DP = 92), and four-carbon hydrophobic alkyl moieties was found to have the optimal structure that revealed the best antibacterial activities against both E. coli (MIC = 8 μg/mL, selectivity > 250) and S. aureus (MIC = 4 μg/mL, selectivity > 500). More importantly, mPB35/T57 could effectively eradicate E. coli biofilms by killing the bacteria embedded in the biofilms. Therefore, the structure of mPB35/T57 provided valuable information for improving the antibacterial activity of cationic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Zhao
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Changrong Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - YuFeng Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhanpeng Ye
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Liandong Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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32
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Zhao Y, Zhao T, Du Y, Cao Y, Xuan Y, Chen H, Zhi D, Guo S, Zhong F, Zhang S. Interaction kinetics of peptide lipids-mediated gene delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:144. [PMID: 33069258 PMCID: PMC7568367 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the course of gene transfection, the interaction kinetics between liposomes and DNA is speculated to play very important role for blood stability, cellular uptake, DNA release and finally transfection efficiency. RESULTS As cationic peptide liposomes exhibited great gene transfer activities both in vitro and in vivo, two peptide lipids, containing a tri-ornithine head (LOrn3) and a mono-ornithine head (LOrn1), were chosen to further clarify the process of liposome-mediated gene delivery in this study. The results show that the electrostatically-driven binding between DNA and liposomes reached nearly 100% at equilibrium, and high affinity of LOrn3 to DNA led to fast binding rate between them. The binding process between LOrn3 and DNA conformed to the kinetics equation: y = 1.663631 × exp (- 0.003427x) + 6.278163. Compared to liposome LOrn1, the liposome LOrn3/DNA lipoplex exhibited a faster and more uniform uptake in HeLa cells, as LOrn3 with a tri-ornithine peptide headgroup had a stronger interaction with the negatively charged cell membrane than LOrn1. The efficient endosomal escape of DNA from LOrn3 lipoplex was facilitated by the acidity in late endosomes, resulting in broken carbamate bonds, as well as the "proton sponge effect" of the lipid. CONCLUSIONS The interaction kinetics is a key factor for DNA transfection efficiency. This work provided insights into peptide lipid-mediated DNA delivery that could guide the development of the next generation of delivery systems for gene therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Tianyi Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yanyan Du
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Yingnan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Yang Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Defu Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Shutao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Fangli Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China.
| | - Shubiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China.
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Zhang M, Weng Y, Cao Z, Guo S, Hu B, Lu M, Guo W, Yang T, Li C, Yang X, Huang Y. ROS-Activatable siRNA-Engineered Polyplex for NIR-Triggered Synergistic Cancer Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:32289-32300. [PMID: 32584027 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) shows excellent pharmaceutical prospects in treating diverse life-threatening diseases. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically employed noninvasive treatment method that can trigger selective damage toward targeted tissue and cells. However, insufficient delivery of siRNA and photosensitizer to cancer cells remarkably hindered the application of siRNA and PDT in the treatment of cancer. In this study, a unique reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activatable polyplex, which consists of the PEGylated cationic polymer, ROS-cleavable linker, photosensitizer Ce6, and RRM2-against siRNA, termed PPTC/siRNA, was engineered. Upon irradiation of near-infrared (NIR) light, the polyplex efficiently generated ROS, which triggered degradation of the ROS-sensitive linker, disassembling the complex, destabilization of the cell membrane, and significantly accelerated cellular entry and endosomal escape of siRNA. Besides achieving effective siRNA internalization and gene silence in cancer cells in vitro, PPTC/siRNA synergistically inhibited tumor growth in both cell line-derived xenograft and patient-derived xenograft hepatocellular carcinoma murine models by repressing the RRM2 expression (reducing cell proliferation) and triggering photodynamic killing (enhancing cell apoptosis). The proposed polyplex also showed ideal safety profiles both in cell line and in animal. It provides a novel strategy for NIR-triggered RNAi and PDT combinational cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Zhang
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yuhua Weng
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Cao
- Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Guo
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Mei Lu
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Weisheng Guo
- Translational Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, P. R. China
| | - Tongren Yang
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Li
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhu Yang
- Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science; Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science; Institute of Engineering Medicine; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
- School of Materials and the Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519085, P. R. China
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Hendi A, Umair Hassan M, Elsherif M, Alqattan B, Park S, Yetisen AK, Butt H. Healthcare Applications of pH-Sensitive Hydrogel-Based Devices: A Review. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3887-3901. [PMID: 32581536 PMCID: PMC7276332 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s245743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
pH-sensitive hydrogels have been developed greatly over the past few years. This has been possible due to the synthesis of new hydrogel systems with increased sensitivity – a sensitivity of up to 10−5 pH units has already been established. Recently, pH-sensitive hydrogels have shown to be very useful in biomedical applications, such as targeted cancer treatment and treatment of skin lesions. Prolonged drug release has been made available through the use of such hydrogels. The synthesis of pH-sensitive hydrogels is also quick and cost-effective. This review presents a background on the properties of pH-sensitive hydrogels and discusses some of the hydrogels with different sensitivity ranges and their possible applications. A range of synthesis processes have also been briefly introduced along with the fabrication of different structures such as microcantilevers and contact lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asail Hendi
- School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Mohamed Elsherif
- Department of Experimental Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bader Alqattan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Seongjun Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Kemal Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Haider Butt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Forero Ramirez LM, Boudier A, Gaucher C, Babin J, Durand A, Six JL, Nouvel C. Dextran-covered pH-sensitive oily core nanocapsules produced by interfacial Reversible Addition-Fragmentation chain transfer miniemulsion polymerization. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 569:57-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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36
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Liu X, Feng Z, Wang C, Su Q, Song H, Zhang C, Huang P, Liang XJ, Dong A, Kong D, Wang W. Co-localized delivery of nanomedicine and nanovaccine augments the postoperative cancer immunotherapy by amplifying T-cell responses. Biomaterials 2020; 230:119649. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ye M, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Xie R, Yodsanit N, Johnston K, Gong S. Double-Network Nanogel as a Nonviral Vector for DNA Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:42865-42872. [PMID: 31696697 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A double-network nanogel, composed of a silane-cross-linked polyethylenimine (PEI) network (i.e., PEI-S) and a pH-responsive poly(2-(hexamethyleneimino) ethyl methacrylate) (PC7A) polymer, was developed for efficient DNA transfection. The chemical cross-linking and hydrophobic interactions in the two networks led to improved stability outside the cell and also pH-triggered intracellular release of DNA. The nanogel with an optimal PEI-S and PC7A weight ratio of 1.3:1 exhibited significantly higher transfection efficiency than Lipofectamine 2000 in multiple cell lines. The nanogel also possessed a small size with a hydrodynamic diameter of 55 nm, low cytotoxicity, and superior stability in serum-containing media. Moreover, besides the PEI-based gene delivery system, we have also demonstrated that addition of the PC7A polymer to several types of cationic polymers commonly used for gene delivery also led to significant transfection enhancement of the resulting nanoparticles, suggesting that the PC7A polymer may be a universal additive that can benefit versatile cationic polymer-based gene delivery systems.
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Dissecting the Cell Entry Pathway of Baculovirus by Single-Particle Tracking and Quantitative Electron Microscopic Analysis. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00033-19. [PMID: 30760565 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00033-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The budded virus of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) infects insect cells through mainly clathrin-mediated endocytosis. However, the cell entry pathway of AcMNPV remains unclear. In this study, by using population-based analysis of single-virus tracking and electron microscopy, we investigated the internalization, fusion behavior, and endocytic trafficking of AcMNPV. AcMNPV internalization into host insect cells was facilitated by actin polymerization and dynamin. After incorporation into early endosomes, the AcMNPV envelope fused with the membranes of early endosome, allowing for nucleocapsid release into the cytoplasm. Microtubules were implicated in the bidirectional and long-range transport of virus-containing endosomes. In addition, microtubule depolymerization reduced the motility of virus-bearing early endosomes, impairing the progression of infection beyond enlarged early endosomes. These findings demonstrated that AcMNPV internalization was facilitated by actin polymerization in a dynamin-dependent manner, and nucleocapsid release occurred in early endosomes in a microtubule-dependent manner. This study provides mechanistic and kinetic insights into AcMNPV infection and enhance our understanding of the infection pathway of baculoviruses.IMPORTANCE Baculoviruses are used widely as environmentally benign pesticides, protein expression systems, and potential mammalian gene delivery vectors. Despite the significant application value, little is known about the cell entry and endocytic trafficking pathways of baculoviruses. In this study, we demonstrated that the alphabaculovirus AcMNPV exhibited actin- and microtubule-dependent transport for nucleocapsid release predominantly from within early endosomes. In contrast to AcMNPV transduction in mammalian cells, its infection in host insect cells is facilitated by actin polymerization for internalization and microtubules for endocytic trafficking within early endosomes, implying that AcMNPV exhibits cell type specificity in the requirement of the cytoskeleton network. In addition, experimental depolymerization of microtubules impaired the progression of infection beyond enlarged early endosomes. This is the first study that dissects the cell entry pathway of baculoviruses in host cells at the single-particle level, which advances our understanding of the early steps of baculovirus entry.
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Wang J, He X, Shen S, Cao Z, Yang X. ROS-Sensitive Cross-Linked Polyethylenimine for Red-Light-Activated siRNA Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1855-1863. [PMID: 30582800 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The extremely inefficient endosomal escape and intracellular release are the central barriers for effective nanocarrier-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics. Accelerating endosomal escape and triggering intracellular release with red or near-infrared light are of particular interest due to its spatiotemporal controllability, great tissue penetration, and minimal phototoxicity. As a proof-of-concept, we explored an innovative siRNA delivery system, TKPEI-Ce6, that is prepared by the linking reaction of branched polyethylenimine, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-labile crosslinker, poly(ethylene glycol), and chlorin e6 (Ce6). TKPEI-Ce6 efficiently condensed siRNA to form the nanoscale complex TKPEI-Ce6/siRNA. Under red-light irradiation (660 nm), the conjugated Ce6 produced ROS, which could accelerate endosomal escape by the destruction of the endosomal membranes and then trigger the cytosolic release of siRNA by cleaving the thioketal linker and further disrupting the nanostructure of the TKPEI-Ce6/siRNA. Therefore, the superior silencing efficiency of siRNA was collectively realized toward an anticancer therapy. This concept also provides new avenues for light-controlled site-specific downregulation of targeted gene expression in vivo, facilitating precise treatment of numerous diseases.
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40
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Huang W, Wang X, Wang C, Du L, Zhang J, Deng L, Cao H, Dong A. Structural exploration of hydrophobic core in polycationic micelles for improving siRNA delivery efficiency and cell viability. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:965-973. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Improving siRNA delivery efficiency often encounters a dilemma with poor or decreased biocompatibility for polycationic micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Changrong Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Lili Du
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Liandong Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Huiqing Cao
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Technology
- Institute of Molecular Medicine
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
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