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Zhu S, Liu X, Lu X, Liao Q, Luo H, Tian Y, Cheng X, Jiang Y, Liu G, Chen J. Biomaterials and tissue engineering in traumatic brain injury: novel perspectives on promoting neural regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2157-2174. [PMID: 38488550 PMCID: PMC11034597 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a serious medical condition that can be attributed to falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries and acts of violence, causing a series of neural injuries and neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, limited accessibility to the injury sites, complicated histological and anatomical structure, intricate cellular and extracellular milieu, lack of regenerative capacity in the native cells, vast variety of damage routes, and the insufficient time available for treatment have restricted the widespread application of several therapeutic methods in cases of central nervous system injury. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have emerged as innovative approaches in the field of nerve regeneration. By combining biomaterials, stem cells, and growth factors, these approaches have provided a platform for developing effective treatments for neural injuries, which can offer the potential to restore neural function, improve patient outcomes, and reduce the need for drugs and invasive surgical procedures. Biomaterials have shown advantages in promoting neural development, inhibiting glial scar formation, and providing a suitable biomimetic neural microenvironment, which makes their application promising in the field of neural regeneration. For instance, bioactive scaffolds loaded with stem cells can provide a biocompatible and biodegradable milieu. Furthermore, stem cells-derived exosomes combine the advantages of stem cells, avoid the risk of immune rejection, cooperate with biomaterials to enhance their biological functions, and exert stable functions, thereby inducing angiogenesis and neural regeneration in patients with traumatic brain injury and promoting the recovery of brain function. Unfortunately, biomaterials have shown positive effects in the laboratory, but when similar materials are used in clinical studies of human central nervous system regeneration, their efficacy is unsatisfactory. Here, we review the characteristics and properties of various bioactive materials, followed by the introduction of applications based on biochemistry and cell molecules, and discuss the emerging role of biomaterials in promoting neural regeneration. Further, we summarize the adaptive biomaterials infused with exosomes produced from stem cells and stem cells themselves for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Finally, we present the main limitations of biomaterials for the treatment of traumatic brain injury and offer insights into their future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiyue Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huiyang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yaxin Jiang
- Out-patient Department, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guangdi Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Sousa JPM, Deus IA, Monteiro CF, Custódio CA, Stratakis E, Mano JF, Marques PAAP. Comparative analysis of aligned and random amniotic membrane-derived cryogels for neural tissue repair. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:4393-4406. [PMID: 39034884 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00364k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The ordered arrangement of cells and extracellular matrix facilitates the seamless transmission of electrical signals along axons in the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Therefore, restoring tissue geometry is crucial for neural regeneration. This study presents a novel method using proteins derived from the human amniotic membrane, which is modified with photoresponsive groups, to produce cryogels with aligned porosity. Freeze-casting was used to produce cryogels with longitudinally aligned pores, while cryogels with randomly distributed porosity were used as the control. The cryogels exhibited remarkable injectability and shape-recovery properties, essential for minimally invasive applications. Different tendencies in proliferation and differentiation were evident between aligned and random cryogels, underscoring the significance of the scaffold's microstructure in directing the behaviour of neural stem cells (NSC). Remarkably, aligned cryogels facilitated extensive cellular infiltration and migration, contrasting with NSC cultured on isotropic cryogels, which predominantly remained on the scaffold's surface throughout the proliferation experiment. Significantly, the proliferation assay demonstrated that on day 7, the aligned cryogels contained eight times more cells compared to the random cryogels. Consistent with the proliferation experiments, NSC exhibited the ability to differentiate into neurons within the aligned scaffolds and extend neurites longitudinally. In addition, differentiation assays showed a four-fold increase in the expression of neural markers in the cross-sections of the aligned cryogels. Conversely, the random cryogels exhibited minimal presence of cell bodies and extensions. The presence of synaptic vesicles on the anisotropic cryogels indicates the formation of functional synaptic connections, emphasizing the importance of the scaffold's microstructure in guiding neuronal reconnection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana P M Sousa
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Inês A Deus
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Cátia F Monteiro
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Catarina A Custódio
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
- Metatissue, PCI Creative Science Park Aveiro Region, Via do Conhecimento, 3830-352 Ílhavo, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - João F Mano
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal
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Sousa JPM, Deus IA, Monteiro CF, Custódio CA, Gil J, Papadimitriou L, Ranella A, Stratakis E, Mano JF, Marques PAAP. Amniotic Membrane-Derived Multichannel Hydrogels for Neural Tissue Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400522. [PMID: 38989725 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
In the pursuit of advancing neural tissue regeneration, biomaterial scaffolds have emerged as promising candidates, offering potential solutions for nerve disruptions. Among these scaffolds, multichannel hydrogels, characterized by meticulously designed micrometer-scale channels, stand out as instrumental tools for guiding axonal growth and facilitating cellular interactions. This study explores the innovative application of human amniotic membranes modified with methacryloyl domains (AMMA) in neural stem cell (NSC) culture. AMMA hydrogels, possessing a tailored softness resembling the physiological environment, are prepared in the format of multichannel scaffolds to simulate native-like microarchitecture of nerve tracts. Preliminary experiments on AMMA hydrogel films showcase their potential for neural applications, demonstrating robust adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs without the need for additional coatings. Transitioning into the 3D realm, the multichannel architecture fosters intricate neuronal networks guiding neurite extension longitudinally. Furthermore, the presence of synaptic vesicles within the cellular arrays suggests the establishment of functional synaptic connections, underscoring the physiological relevance of the developed neuronal networks. This work contributes to the ongoing efforts to find ethical, clinically translatable, and functionally relevant approaches for regenerative neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana P M Sousa
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Inês A Deus
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Cátia F Monteiro
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Catarina A Custódio
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Metatissue, PCI · Creative Science Park Aveiro Region, Via do Conhecimento, Ílhavo, 3830-352, Portugal
| | - João Gil
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Marinha Grande, 2430-028, Portugal
- INESC-MN - INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologia, Rua Alves Redol 9, Lisbon, 1000-029, Portugal
| | - Lina Papadimitriou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anthi Ranella
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - João F Mano
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Marinha Grande, 2430-028, Portugal
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal
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Stanners M, O'Riordan M, Theodosiou E, Souppez JBRG, Gardner A. The mechanical properties of the spinal cord: a systematic review. Spine J 2024; 24:1302-1312. [PMID: 38432298 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTENT Spinal cord compression is a source of pathology routinely seen in clinical practice. However, there remain unanswered questions surrounding both the understanding of pathogenesis and the best method of treatment. This arises from limited real-life testing of the mechanical properties of the spinal cord, either through cadaveric human specimens or animal testing, both of which suffer from methodological, as well as ethical, issues. PURPOSE To conduct a review of the literature on the mechanical properties of the spinal cord. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING A systematic review of the literature on the mechanical properties of the spinal cord is undertaken. PATIENT SAMPLE All literature reporting the testing of the mechanical properties of the spinal cord. OUTCOME MEASURES Reported physiological mechanical properties of the spinal cord. METHODS The methodological quality of the studies has been assessed within the ARRIVE guidelines using the CAMARADES framework and SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. This paper details the methodologies and results of the reported testing. RESULTS We show that (1) the research quality of previous work does not follow published guidelines on animal treatment or risk of bias, (2) no standard protocol has been employed for sample preparation or mechanical testing, (3) this leads to a wide distribution of results for the tested mechanical properties, not applicable to the living human or animal, and (4) animal testing is not a good proxy for human application. CONCLUSIONS The findings summarize the sum of current knowledge inherent to the mechanical properties of the spinal cord and may contribute to the development of a physical model which is applicable to the living human for analysis and testing in a controlled and repeatable fashion. Such a model would be the basis for further clinical research to improve outcomes from spinal cord compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Stanners
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | | | - Eirini Theodosiou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Jean-Baptiste R G Souppez
- Department of Mechanical, Biomedical and Design Engineering, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Adrian Gardner
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK; The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham, B31 2AP, UK.
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5
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Xu K, Zhang Q, Zhu D, Jiang Z. Hydrogels in Gene Delivery Techniques for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300577. [PMID: 38265144 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels are 3D networks swollen with water. They are biocompatible, strong, and moldable and are emerging as a promising biomedical material for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering to deliver therapeutic genes. The excellent natural extracellular matrix simulation properties of hydrogels enable them to be co-cultured with cells or enhance the expression of viral or non-viral vectors. Its biocompatibility, high strength, and degradation performance also make the action process of carriers in tissues more ideal, making it an ideal biomedical material. It has been shown that hydrogel-based gene delivery technologies have the potential to play therapy-relevant roles in organs such as bone, cartilage, nerve, skin, reproductive organs, and liver in animal experiments and preclinical trials. This paper reviews recent articles on hydrogels in gene delivery and explains the manufacture, applications, developmental timeline, limitations, and future directions of hydrogel-based gene delivery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexing Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinmeng Zhang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
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6
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Ortega JA, Soares de Aguiar GP, Chandravanshi P, Levy N, Engel E, Álvarez Z. Exploring the properties and potential of the neural extracellular matrix for next-generation regenerative therapies. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1962. [PMID: 38723788 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and complex network of proteins and molecules that surrounds cells and tissues in the nervous system and orchestrates a myriad of biological functions. This review carefully examines the diverse interactions between cells and the ECM, as well as the transformative chemical and physical changes that the ECM undergoes during neural development, aging, and disease. These transformations play a pivotal role in shaping tissue morphogenesis and neural activity, thereby influencing the functionality of the central nervous system (CNS). In our comprehensive review, we describe the diverse behaviors of the CNS ECM in different physiological and pathological scenarios and explore the unique properties that make ECM-based strategies attractive for CNS repair and regeneration. Addressing the challenges of scalability, variability, and integration with host tissues, we review how advanced natural, synthetic, and combinatorial matrix approaches enhance biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and functional recovery. Overall, this review highlights the potential of decellularized ECM as a powerful tool for CNS modeling and regenerative purposes and sets the stage for future research in this exciting field. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alberto Ortega
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gisele P Soares de Aguiar
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Palash Chandravanshi
- Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natacha Levy
- Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Engel
- IMEM-BRT Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EEBE, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zaida Álvarez
- Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Albashari AA, He Y, Luo Y, Duan X, Ali J, Li M, Fu D, Xiang Y, Peng Y, Li S, Luo L, Zan X, Kumeria T, Ye Q. Local Spinal Cord Injury Treatment Using a Dental Pulp Stem Cell Encapsulated H 2S Releasing Multifunctional Injectable Hydrogel. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302286. [PMID: 38056013 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) commonly induces nerve damage and nerve cell degeneration. In this work, a novel dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) encapsulated thermoresponsive injectable hydrogel with sustained hydrogen sulfide (H2S) delivery is demonstrated for SCI repair. For controlled and sustained H2S gas therapy, a clinically tested H2S donor (JK) loaded octysilane functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (OMSNs) are incorporated into the thermosensitive hydrogel made from Pluronic F127 (PF-127). The JK-loaded functionalized MSNs (OMSF@JK) promote preferential M2-like polarization of macrophages and neuronal differentiation of DPSCs in vitro. OMSF@JK incorporated PF-127 injectable hydrogel (PF-OMSF@JK) has a soft consistency similar to that of the human spinal cord and thus, shows a high cytocompatibility with DPSCs. The cross-sectional micromorphology of the hydrogel shows a continuous porous structure. Last, the PF-OMSF@JK composite hydrogel considerably improves the in vivo SCI regeneration in Sprague-Dawley rats through a reduction in inflammation and neuronal differentiation of the incorporated stem cells as confirmed using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The highly encouraging in vivo results prove that this novel design on hydrogel is a promising therapy for SCI regeneration with the potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullkhaleg Ali Albashari
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yan He
- Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430064, China
- Oral Maxillofacial Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yu Luo
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Xingxiang Duan
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Jihea Ali
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yangfan Xiang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Youjian Peng
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Song Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Lihua Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xingjie Zan
- Wenzhou Institute, University of China Academy of Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325024, China
| | - Tushar Kumeria
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- Australian Center for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
- Oral Maxillofacial Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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8
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Duarte D, Correia C, Reis RL, Pashkuleva I, Peixoto D, Alves NM. Bioadhesive Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogels for Spinal Cord Injury. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1592-1601. [PMID: 38377534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injuries (SCI) have devastating physical, psychological, and psychosocial consequences for patients. One challenge of nerve tissue repair is the lack of a natural extracellular matrix (ECM) that guides the regenerating axons. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a major ECM component and plays a fundamental role in facilitating lesion healing. Herein, we developed HA-based adhesive hydrogels by modification of HA with dopamine, a mussel-inspired compound with excellent adhesive properties in an aqueous environment. The hydrogels were loaded with the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen and the response of neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y) was evaluated in terms of viability, morphology, and adhesion. The obtained results suggested that the developed materials can bridge lesion gaps, guide axonal growth, and simultaneously act as a vehicle for the delivery of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Duarte
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco/Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Cátia Correia
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco/Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco/Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Iva Pashkuleva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco/Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Daniela Peixoto
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco/Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Natália M Alves
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco/Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Trueman RP, Guillemot-Legris O, Lancashire HT, Mehta AS, Tropp J, Daso RE, Rivnay J, Tabor AB, Phillips JB, Schroeder BC. Aligned Bioelectronic Polypyrrole/Collagen Constructs for Peripheral Nerve Interfacing. ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2024; 26:2301488. [PMID: 39100393 PMCID: PMC11296654 DOI: 10.1002/adem.202301488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation has shown promise in clinical studies to treat nerve injuries. This work is aimed to create an aligned bioelectronic construct that can be used to bridge a nerve gap, directly interfacing with the damaged nerve tissue to provide growth support. The conductive three-dimensional bioelectronic scaffolds described herein are composite materials, comprised of conductive polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles embedded in an aligned collagen hydrogel. The bioelectronic constructs are seeded with dorsal root ganglion derived primary rat neurons and electrically stimulated in vitro. The PPy loaded constructs support a 1.7-fold increase in neurite length in comparison to control collagen constructs. Furthermore, upon electrical stimulation of the PPy-collagen construct, a 1.8-fold increase in neurite length is shown. This work illustrates the potential of bioelectronic constructs in neural tissue engineering and lays the groundwork for the development of novel bioelectronic materials for neural interfacing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P. Trueman
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK; Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Owein Guillemot-Legris
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK, Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Henry T. Lancashire
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Abijeet S. Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Joshua Tropp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Rachel E. Daso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Alethea B. Tabor
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - James B. Phillips
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK, Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Bob C. Schroeder
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
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10
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Gu C, Li Y, Liu J, Liu S, Long J, Zhang Q, Duan W, Feng T, Huang J, Qiu Y, Ahmed W, Cai H, Hu Y, Wu Y, Chen L. Neural stem cell-derived exosomes-loaded adhesive hydrogel controlled-release promotes cerebral angiogenesis and neurological function in ischemic stroke. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114547. [PMID: 37743000 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ischemic stroke has become one of the leading diseases for international death, which brings burden to the economy and society. Exosomes (Exos) derived following neural stem cells (NSCs) stimulation promote neurogenesis and migration of NSCs. However, Exos themselves are easily to be removed in vivo. Our study is to investigate whether adhesive hyaluronic acid (HAD) hydrogel loading NSCs-derived-Exo (HAD-Exo) would promote the recovery of ischemic stroke. METHODS A mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established. PBS, Exo, HAD, and HAD-Exo groups were independently stereotactically injected in mice, respectively. The modified neurological severity score scale and behaviour tests were used to evaluate neurological improvement. Neuroimagings were used to observe the improvement of cerebral infarct volume and vessels. Immunofluorescence staining was used to verify the expression of vascular and cell proliferation-related proteins. RESULTS The structural and mechanical property of HAD and HAD-Exo were detected. Behavioral results showed that HAD-Exo significantly improved neurological functions, especially motor function. Neuroimagings showed that HAD-Exo significantly promoted infarct volume and angiogenesis. Immunofluorescence staining showed that HAD-Exo significantly promoted the cerebral angiogenesis and anti-inflammation. CONCLUSION NSCs derived exosomes-loaded adhesive HAD hydrogel controlled-release could promote cerebral angiogenesis and neurological function for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yajing Li
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, PR China
| | - Jiale Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, PR China
| | - Sitian Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jun Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, PR China
| | - Qiankun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, PR China
| | - Wenjie Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, PR China
| | - Tingle Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, PR China
| | - Jiajun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, PR China
| | - Yunhui Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, PR China
| | - Waqas Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Hengsen Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Pingnan, Pingnan 537300, PR China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hongkong 999077, PR China
| | - Yaobin Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Centre, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, PR China.
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11
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Lisa DD, Muzzi L, Lagazzo A, Andolfi A, Martinoia S, Pastorino L. Long-term in vitroculture of 3D brain tissue model based on chitosan thermogel. Biofabrication 2023; 16:015011. [PMID: 37922538 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad0979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Methods for studying brain function and disease heavily rely onin vivoanimal models,ex-vivotissue slices, and 2D cell culture platforms. These methods all have limitations that significantly impact the clinical translatability of results. Consequently, models able to better recapitulate some aspects ofin vivohuman brain are needed as additional preclinical tools. In this context, 3D hydrogel-basedin vitromodels of the brain are considered promising tools. To create a 3D brain-on-a-chip model, a hydrogel capable of sustaining neuronal maturation over extended culture periods is required. Among biopolymeric hydrogels, chitosan-β-glycerophosphate (CHITO-β-GP) thermogels have demonstrated their versatility and applicability in the biomedical field over the years. In this study, we investigated the ability of this thermogel to encapsulate neuronal cells and support the functional maturation of a 3D neuronal network in long-term cultures. To the best of our knowledge, we demonstrated for the first time that CHITO-β-GP thermogel possesses optimal characteristics for promoting neuronal growth and the development of an electrophysiologically functional neuronal network derived from both primary rat neurons and neurons differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (h-iPSCs) co-cultured with astrocytes. Specifically, two different formulations were firstly characterized by rheological, mechanical and injectability tests. Primary nervous cells and neurons differentiated from h-iPSCs were embedded into the two thermogel formulations. The 3D cultures were then deeply characterized by immunocytochemistry, confocal microscopy, and electrophysiological recordings, employing both 2D and 3D micro-electrode arrays. The thermogels supported the long-term culture of neuronal networks for up to 100 d. In conclusion, CHITO-β-GP thermogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties, stability over time under culture conditions, and bioactivity toward nervous cells. Therefore, they are excellent candidates as artificial extracellular matrices in brain-on-a-chip models, with applications in neurodegenerative disease modeling, drug screening, and neurotoxicity evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Di Lisa
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering, University of Genoa, Via all 'Opera Pia 13, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Muzzi
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering, University of Genoa, Via all 'Opera Pia 13, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Lagazzo
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, via Montallegro 1, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Andolfi
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering, University of Genoa, Via all 'Opera Pia 13, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Sergio Martinoia
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering, University of Genoa, Via all 'Opera Pia 13, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Pastorino
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering, University of Genoa, Via all 'Opera Pia 13, 16145 Genoa, Italy
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12
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You Z, Gao X, Kang X, Yang W, Xiong T, Li Y, Wei F, Zhuang Y, Zhang T, Sun Y, Shen H, Dai J. Microvascular endothelial cells derived from spinal cord promote spinal cord injury repair. Bioact Mater 2023; 29:36-49. [PMID: 37621772 PMCID: PMC10444976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI) closely relates to the microvascular endothelial cell (MEC)-mediated neurovascular unit formation. However, the effects of central nerve system-derived MECs on neovascularization and neurogenesis, and potential signaling involved therein, are unclear. Here, we established a primary spinal cord-derived MECs (SCMECs) isolation with high cell yield and purity to describe the differences with brain-derived MECs (BMECs) and their therapeutic effects on SCI. Transcriptomics and proteomics revealed differentially expressed genes and proteins in SCMECs were involved in angiogenesis, immunity, metabolism, and cell adhesion molecular signaling was the only signaling pathway enriched of top 10 in differentially expressed genes and proteins KEGG analysis. SCMECs and BMECs could be induced angiogenesis by different stiffness stimulation of PEG hydrogels with elastic modulus 50-1650 Pa for SCMECs and 50-300 Pa for BMECs, respectively. Moreover, SCMECs and BMECs promoted spinal cord or brain-derived NSC (SNSC/BNSC) proliferation, migration, and differentiation at different levels. At certain dose, SCMECs in combination with the NeuroRegen scaffold, showed higher effectiveness in the promotion of vascular reconstruction. The potential underlying mechanism of this phenomenon may through VEGF/AKT/eNOS- signaling pathway, and consequently accelerated neuronal regeneration and functional recovery of SCI rats compared to BMECs. Our findings suggested a promising role of SCMECs in restoring vascularization and neural regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng You
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xinyi Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tiandi Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yue Li
- i-Lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunction Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- i-Lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunction Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yifu Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - He Shen
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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13
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Vítková L, Kazantseva N, Musilová L, Smolka P, Valášková K, Kocourková K, Humeník M, Minařík A, Humpolíček P, Mráček A, Smolková I. Magneto-responsive hyaluronan hydrogel for hyperthermia and bioprinting: Magnetic, rheological properties and biocompatibility. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:036113. [PMID: 37692374 PMCID: PMC10491462 DOI: 10.1063/5.0147181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Magneto-responsive soft hydrogels are used for a number of biomedical applications, e.g., magnetic hyperthermia, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and neuromodulation. In this work, this type of hydrogel has been fabricated from hyaluronan (HA) filled with a binary system of Al2O3 nanoparticles and multicore magnetic particles (MCPs), which were obtained by clustering of superparamagnetic iron oxide FeOx NPs. It was established that the presence of diamagnetic Al2O3 has several positive effects: it enhances the hydrogel storage modulus and long-term stability in the cell cultivation medium; prevents the magnetic interaction among the MCPs. The HA hydrogel provides rapid heating of 0.3 °C per min under exposure to low amplitude radio frequency alternating magnetic field. Furthermore, the magneto-responsive hydrogel was successfully used to encapsulate cells and extrusion-based 3D printing with 87±6% cell viability, thus providing a bio-ink. The combination of high heating efficiency, softness, cytocompatibility, and 3D printability of magnetic HA hydrogel leads to a material suitable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Vítková
- Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavrečkova 5669, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - P. Smolka
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
| | - K. Valášková
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, tř. Tomáše Bati 5678, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | | | - M. Humeník
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Engineering Science, Universität Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann.Str. 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | | | | | - I. Smolková
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, tř. Tomáše Bati 5678, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic
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14
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Cai M, Chen L, Wang T, Liang Y, Zhao J, Zhang X, Li Z, Wu H. Hydrogel scaffolds in the treatment of spinal cord injury: a review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1211066. [PMID: 37325033 PMCID: PMC10266534 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1211066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disease of the central nervous system often caused by accidents, and its prognosis is unsatisfactory, with long-term adverse effects on patients' lives. The key to its treatment lies in the improvement of the microenvironment at the injury and the reconstruction of axons, and tissue repair is a promising therapeutic strategy. Hydrogel is a three-dimensional mesh structure with high water content, which has the advantages of biocompatibility, degradability, and adjustability, and can be used to fill pathological defects by injectable flowing hydrophilic material in situ to accurately adapt to the size and shape of the injury. Hydrogels mimic the natural extracellular matrix for cell colonization, guide axon extension, and act as a biological scaffold, which can be used as an excellent carrier to participate in the treatment of SCI. The addition of different materials to make composite hydrogel scaffolds can further enhance their performance in all aspects. In this paper, we introduce several typical composite hydrogels and review the research progress of hydrogel for SCI to provide a reference for the clinical application of hydrogel therapy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqi Cai
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Department of Surgery, The Third Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District), Foshan, China
| | - Liji Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Third Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District), Foshan, China
| | - Yinru Liang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hongfu Wu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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15
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Barroca N, da Silva DM, Pinto SC, Sousa JPM, Verstappen K, Klymov A, Fernández-San-Argimiro FJ, Madarieta I, Murua O, Olalde B, Papadimitriou L, Karali K, Mylonaki K, Stratakis E, Ranella A, Marques PAAP. Interfacing reduced graphene oxide with an adipose-derived extracellular matrix as a regulating milieu for neural tissue engineering. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 148:213351. [PMID: 36842343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Enthralling evidence of the potential of graphene-based materials for neural tissue engineering is motivating the development of scaffolds using various structures related to graphene such as graphene oxide (GO) or its reduced form. Here, we investigated a strategy based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) combined with a decellularized extracellular matrix from adipose tissue (adECM), which is still unexplored for neural repair and regeneration. Scaffolds containing up to 50 wt% rGO relative to adECM were prepared by thermally induced phase separation assisted by carbodiimide (EDC) crosslinking. Using partially reduced GO enables fine-tuning of the structural interaction between rGO and adECM. As the concentration of rGO increased, non-covalent bonding gradually prevailed over EDC-induced covalent conjugation with the adECM. Edge-to-edge aggregation of rGO favours adECM to act as a biomolecular physical crosslinker to rGO, leading to the softening of the scaffolds. The unique biochemistry of adECM allows neural stem cells to adhere and grow. Importantly, high rGO concentrations directly control cell fate by inducing the differentiation of both NE-4C cells and embryonic neural progenitor cells into neurons. Furthermore, primary astrocyte fate is also modulated as increasing rGO boosts the expression of reactivity markers while unaltering the expression of scar-forming ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Barroca
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal.
| | - Daniela M da Silva
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Susana C Pinto
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Joana P M Sousa
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Kest Verstappen
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Regenerative Biomaterials, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexey Klymov
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Regenerative Biomaterials, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Iratxe Madarieta
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Olatz Murua
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Beatriz Olalde
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Lina Papadimitriou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 71003, Greece
| | - Kanelina Karali
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 71003, Greece
| | - Konstantina Mylonaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 71003, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 71003, Greece
| | - Anthi Ranella
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 71003, Greece.
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal.
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16
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Dynamic changes in mechanical properties of the adult rat spinal cord after injury. Acta Biomater 2023; 155:436-448. [PMID: 36435440 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI), a debilitating medical condition that can cause irreversible loss of neurons and permanent paralysis, currently has no cure. However, regenerative medicine may offer a promising treatment. Given that numerous regenerative strategies aim to deliver cells and materials in the form of tissue-engineered therapies, understanding and characterising the mechanical properties of the spinal cord tissue is very important. In this study, we have systematically characterised the spatiotemporal changes in elastic stiffness (elastic modulus, Pa) and viscosity (drop in peak force, %) of injured rat thoracic spinal cord tissues at distinct time points after crush injury using the indentation technique. Our results demonstrate that in comparison with uninjured spinal cord tissue, the injured tissues exhibited lower stiffness (median 3281 Pa versus 9632 Pa; P < 0.001) but demonstrated elevated viscosity (median 80% versus 57%; P < 0.001) at 3 days postinjury. Between 4 and 6 weeks after SCI, the overall viscoelastic properties of injured tissues returned to baseline values. At 12 weeks after SCI, in comparison with uninjured tissue, the injured spinal cord tissues displayed a significant increase in both elasticity (median 13698 Pa versus 9920 Pa; P < 0.001) and viscosity (median 64% versus 58%; P < 0.001). This work constitutes the first quantitative mapping of spatiotemporal changes in spinal cord tissue elasticity and viscosity in injured rats, providing a mechanical basis of the tissue for future studies on the development of biomaterials for SCI repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease often leading to permanent paralysis. While enormous progress in understanding the molecular pathomechanisms of SCI has been made, the mechanical properties of injured spinal cord tissue have received considerably less attention. This study provides systematic characterization of the biomechanical evolution of rat spinal cord tissue after SCI using a microindentation test method. We find spinal cord tissue behaves significantly softer but more viscous immediately postinjury. As time passes, the lesion site gradually returns to baseline values and then displays pronounced increased viscoelastic properties. As host tissue mechanical properties are a crucial consideration for any biomaterial implanted into central nervous system, our results may have important implications for further studies of SCI repair.
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17
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Yan L, Entezari A, Zhang Z, Zhong J, Liang J, Li Q, Qi J. An experimental and numerical study of the microstructural and biomechanical properties of human peripheral nerve endoneurium for the design of tissue scaffolds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1029416. [PMID: 36545684 PMCID: PMC9762494 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1029416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic design of scaffold architectures represents a promising strategy to enable the repair of tissue defects. Natural endoneurium extracellular matrix (eECM) exhibits a sophisticated microstructure and remarkable microenvironments conducive for guiding neurite regeneration. Therefore, the analysis of eECM is helpful to the design of bionic scaffold. Unfortunately, a fundamental lack of understanding of the microstructural characteristics and biomechanical properties of the human peripheral nerve eECM exists. In this study, we used microscopic computed tomography (micro-CT) to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) eECM model sourced from mixed nerves. The tensile strength and effective modulus of human fresh nerve fascicles were characterized experimentally. Permeability was calculated from a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation of the 3D eECM model. Fluid flow of acellular nerve fascicles was tested experimentally to validate the permeability results obtained from CFD simulations. The key microstructural parameters, such as porosity is 35.5 ± 1.7%, tortuosity in endoneurium (X axis is 1.26 ± 0.028, Y axis is 1.26 ± 0.020 and Z axis is 1.17 ± 0.03, respectively), tortuosity in pore (X axis is 1.50 ± 0.09, Y axis is 1.44 ± 0.06 and Z axis is 1.13 ± 0.04, respectively), surface area-to-volume ratio (SAVR) is 0.165 ± 0.007 μm-1 and pore size is 11.8 ± 2.8 μm, respectively. These were characterized from the 3D eECM model and may exert different effects on the stiffness and permeability. The 3D microstructure of natural peripheral nerve eECM exhibits relatively lower permeability (3.10 m2 × 10-12 m2) than other soft tissues. These key microstructural and biomechanical parameters may play an important role in the design and fabrication of intraluminal guidance scaffolds to replace natural eECM. Our findings can aid the development of regenerative therapies and help improve scaffold design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Yan
- Department of Microsurgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ali Entezari
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia,School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhongpu Zhang
- School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Jingxiao Zhong
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Microsurgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia,*Correspondence: Jian Qi, ; Qing Li,
| | - Jian Qi
- Department of Microsurgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jian Qi, ; Qing Li,
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18
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Girão AF, Serrano MC, Completo A, Marques PAAP. Is Graphene Shortening the Path toward Spinal Cord Regeneration? ACS NANO 2022; 16:13430-13467. [PMID: 36000717 PMCID: PMC9776589 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Along with the development of the next generation of biomedical platforms, the inclusion of graphene-based materials (GBMs) into therapeutics for spinal cord injury (SCI) has potential to nourish topmost neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategies for enhancing neural structural and physiological recovery. In the context of SCI, contemplated as one of the most convoluted challenges of modern medicine, this review first provides an overview of its characteristics and pathophysiological features. Then, the most relevant ongoing clinical trials targeting SCI, including pharmaceutical, robotics/neuromodulation, and scaffolding approaches, are introduced and discussed in sequence with the most important insights brought by GBMs into each particular topic. The current role of these nanomaterials on restoring the spinal cord microenvironment after injury is critically contextualized, while proposing future concepts and desirable outputs for graphene-based technologies aiming to reach clinical significance for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F. Girão
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (A.F.G.)
| | - María Concepcion Serrano
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (M.C.S.)
| | - António Completo
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paula A. A. P. Marques
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- (P.A.A.P.M.)
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19
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Wang Z, Zhao H, Tang X, Meng T, Khutsishvili D, Xu B, Ma S. CNS Organoid Surpasses Cell-Laden Microgel Assembly to Promote Spinal Cord Injury Repair. Research (Wash D C) 2022; 2022:9832128. [PMID: 36061824 PMCID: PMC9394056 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9832128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The choice of therapeutic agents remains an unsolved issue in the repair of spinal cord injury. In this work, various agents and configurations were investigated and compared for their performance in promoting nerve regeneration, including bead assembly and bulk gel of collagen and Matrigel, under acellular and cell-laden conditions, and cerebral organoid (CO) as the in vitro preorganized agent. First, in Matrigel-based agents and the CO transplantations, the recipient animal gained more axon regeneration and the higher Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring than the grafted collagen gels. Second, new nerves more uniformly infiltrated into the transplants in bead form assembly than the molded chunks. Third, the materials loaded the neural progenitor cells (NPCs) or the CO implantation groups received more regenerated nerve fibers than their acellular counterparts, suggesting the necessity to transplant exogenous cells for large trauma (e.g., a 5 mm long spinal cord transect). In addition, the activated microglial cells might benefit from neural regeneration after receiving CO transplantation in the recipient animals. The organoid augmentation may suggest that in vitro maturation of a microtissue complex is necessary before transplantation and proposes organoids as the premium therapeutic agents for nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitian Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoran Zhao
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianyu Meng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Davit Khutsishvili
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaohua Ma
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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20
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Tringides CM, Mooney DJ. Materials for Implantable Surface Electrode Arrays: Current Status and Future Directions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107207. [PMID: 34716730 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface electrode arrays are mainly fabricated from rigid or elastic materials, and precisely manipulated ductile metal films, which offer limited stretchability. However, the living tissues to which they are applied are nonlinear viscoelastic materials, which can undergo significant mechanical deformation in dynamic biological environments. Further, the same arrays and compositions are often repurposed for vastly different tissues rather than optimizing the materials and mechanical properties of the implant for the target application. By first characterizing the desired biological environment, and then designing a technology for a particular organ, surface electrode arrays may be more conformable, and offer better interfaces to tissues while causing less damage. Here, the various materials used in each component of a surface electrode array are first reviewed, and then electrically active implants in three specific biological systems, the nervous system, the muscular system, and skin, are described. Finally, the fabrication of next-generation surface arrays that overcome current limitations is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Tringides
- Harvard Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division in Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - David J Mooney
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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21
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Faber J, Hinrichsen J, Greiner A, Reiter N, Budday S. Tissue-Scale Biomechanical Testing of Brain Tissue for the Calibration of Nonlinear Material Models. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e381. [PMID: 35384412 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Brain tissue is one of the most complex and softest tissues in the human body. Due to its ultrasoft and biphasic nature, it is difficult to control the deformation state during biomechanical testing and to quantify the highly nonlinear, time-dependent tissue response. In numerous experimental studies that have investigated the mechanical properties of brain tissue over the last decades, stiffness values have varied significantly. One reason for the observed discrepancies is the lack of standardized testing protocols and corresponding data analyses. The tissue properties have been tested on different length and time scales depending on the testing technique, and the corresponding data have been analyzed based on simplifying assumptions. In this review, we highlight the advantage of using nonlinear continuum mechanics based modeling and finite element simulations to carefully design experimental setups and protocols as well as to comprehensively analyze the corresponding experimental data. We review testing techniques and protocols that have been used to calibrate material model parameters and discuss artifacts that might falsify the measured properties. The aim of this work is to provide standardized procedures to reliably quantify the mechanical properties of brain tissue and to more accurately calibrate appropriate constitutive models for computational simulations of brain development, injury and disease. Computational models can not only be used to predictively understand brain tissue behavior, but can also serve as valuable tools to assist diagnosis and treatment of diseases or to plan neurosurgical procedures. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Faber
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Egerlandstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Hinrichsen
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Egerlandstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Greiner
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Egerlandstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nina Reiter
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Egerlandstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silvia Budday
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Egerlandstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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22
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Eleftheriadou D, Evans RE, Atkinson E, Abdalla A, Gavins FKH, Boyd AS, Williams GR, Knowles JC, Roberton VH, Phillips JB. An alginate-based encapsulation system for delivery of therapeutic cells to the CNS. RSC Adv 2022; 12:4005-4015. [PMID: 35425456 PMCID: PMC8981497 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08563h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options for neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease have included the delivery of cells which release dopamine or neurotrophic factors to the brain. Here, we report the development of a novel approach for protecting cells after implantation into the central nervous system (CNS), by developing dual-layer alginate beads that encapsulate therapeutic cells and release an immunomodulatory compound in a sustained manner. An optimal alginate formulation was selected with a view to providing a sustained physical barrier between engrafted cells and host tissue, enabling exchange of small molecules while blocking components of the host immune response. In addition, a potent immunosuppressant, FK506, was incorporated into the outer layer of alginate beads using electrosprayed poly-ε-caprolactone core–shell nanoparticles with prolonged release profiles. The stiffness, porosity, stability and ability of the alginate beads to support and protect encapsulated SH-SY5Y cells was demonstrated, and the release profile of FK506 and its effect on T-cell proliferation in vitro was characterized. Collectively, our results indicate this multi-layer encapsulation technology has the potential to be suitable for use in CNS cell delivery, to protect implanted cells from host immune responses whilst providing permeability to nutrients and released therapeutic molecules. Novel composite cell encapsulation system: dual-layer, micro-scale beads maintain cell survival while releasing immunomodulatory FK506 in a sustained manner. This biotechnology platform could be applicable for treatment of CNS and other disorders.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Eleftheriadou
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London London UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Rachael E Evans
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London London UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Emily Atkinson
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London London UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Ahmed Abdalla
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London London UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Francesca K H Gavins
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London London UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Ashleigh S Boyd
- UCL Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital London UK
| | - Gareth R Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute London UK
| | - Victoria H Roberton
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London London UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - James B Phillips
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London London UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London London WC1N 1AX UK
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23
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Roberton VH, Phillips JB. Considerations for the use of biomaterials to support cell therapy in neurodegenerative disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 166:191-205. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Abstract
The blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) has been long thought of as a functional equivalent to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), restricting blood flow into the spinal cord. The spinal cord is supported by various disc tissues that provide agility and has different local immune responses compared to the brain. Though physiologically, structural components of the BSCB and BBB share many similarities, the clinical landscape significantly differs. Thus, it is crucial to understand the composition of BSCB and also to establish the cause–effect relationship with aberrations and spinal cord dysfunctions. Here, we provide a descriptive analysis of the anatomy, current techniques to assess the impairment of BSCB, associated risk factors and impact of spinal disorders such as spinal cord injury (SCI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), peripheral nerve injury (PNI), ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cavernous malformations (SCM) and cancer on BSCB dysfunction. Along with diagnostic and mechanistic analyses, we also provide an up-to-date account of available therapeutic options for BSCB repair. We emphasize the need to address BSCB as an individual entity and direct future research towards it.
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25
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Walsh CM, Wychowaniec JK, Brougham DF, Dooley D. Functional hydrogels as therapeutic tools for spinal cord injury: New perspectives on immunopharmacological interventions. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 234:108043. [PMID: 34813862 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex medical and psychological challenge for which there is no curative therapy currently available. Despite major progress in pharmacological and surgical approaches, clinical trials for SCI patients have been uniformly disappointing thus far as there are many practical and biological issues yet to be resolved. Neuroinflammation is a critical event of the secondary injury phase after SCI, and recent research strategies have focused on modulating the immune response after injury to provide a more favorable recovery environment. Biomaterials can serve this purpose by providing physical and trophic support to the injured spinal cord after SCI. Of all potential biomaterials, functional hydrogels are emerging as a key component in novel treatment strategies for SCI, including controlled and localized delivery of immunomodulatory therapies to drive polarization of immune cells towards a pro-regenerative phenotype. Here, we extensively review recent developments in the use of functional hydrogels as immunomodulatory therapies for SCI. We briefly describe physicochemical properties of hydrogels and demonstrate how advanced fabrication methods lead to the required heterogeneity and hierarchical arrangements that increasingly mimic complex spinal cord tissue. We then summarize potential SCI therapeutic modalities including: (i) hydrogels alone; (ii) hydrogels as cellular or (iii) bioactive molecule delivery vehicles, and; (iv) combinatorial approaches. By linking the structural properties of hydrogels to their functions in treatment with particular focus on immunopharmacological stimuli, this may accelerate further development of functional hydrogels for SCI, and indeed next-generation central nervous system regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara M Walsh
- School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jacek K Wychowaniec
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Dermot F Brougham
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dearbhaile Dooley
- School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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26
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Mechanosensing and the Hippo Pathway in Microglia: A Potential Link to Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis? Cells 2021; 10:cells10113144. [PMID: 34831369 PMCID: PMC8622675 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of microglia, the inflammatory cells of the central nervous system (CNS), has been linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. How microglia sense the changing brain environment, in order to respond appropriately, is still being elucidated. Microglia are able to sense and respond to the mechanical properties of their microenvironment, and the physical and molecular pathways underlying this mechanosensing/mechanotransduction in microglia have recently been investigated. The Hippo pathway functions through mechanosensing and subsequent protein kinase cascades, and is critical for neuronal development and many other cellular processes. In this review, we examine evidence for the potential involvement of Hippo pathway components specifically in microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. We suggest that the Hippo pathway is worth investigating as a mechanosensing pathway in microglia, and could be one potential therapeutic target pathway for preventing microglial-induced neurodegeneration in AD.
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27
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Walczak PA, Perez-Esteban P, Bassett DC, Hill EJ. Modelling the central nervous system: tissue engineering of the cellular microenvironment. Emerg Top Life Sci 2021; 5:507-517. [PMID: 34524411 PMCID: PMC8589431 DOI: 10.1042/etls20210245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, improved models of the central nervous system (CNS) will improve our understanding of neurophysiology and pathogenesis, whilst enabling exploration of novel therapeutics. Studies of brain physiology have largely been carried out using in vivo models, ex vivo brain slices or primary cell culture from rodents. Whilst these models have provided great insight into complex interactions between brain cell types, key differences remain between human and rodent brains, such as degree of cortical complexity. Unfortunately, comparative models of human brain tissue are lacking. The development of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) has accelerated advancement within the field of in vitro tissue modelling. However, despite generating accurate cellular representations of cortical development and disease, two-dimensional (2D) iPSC-derived cultures lack an entire dimension of environmental information on structure, migration, polarity, neuronal circuitry and spatiotemporal organisation of cells. As such, researchers look to tissue engineering in order to develop advanced biomaterials and culture systems capable of providing necessary cues for guiding cell fates, to construct in vitro model systems with increased biological relevance. This review highlights experimental methods for engineering of in vitro culture systems to recapitulate the complexity of the CNS with consideration given to previously unexploited biophysical cues within the cellular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige A. Walczak
- College of Health and Life Sciences, School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Patricia Perez-Esteban
- College of Health and Life Sciences, School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
| | - David C. Bassett
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Eric James Hill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
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28
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Li W, Shepherd DET, Espino DM. Investigation of the Compressive Viscoelastic Properties of Brain Tissue Under Time and Frequency Dependent Loading Conditions. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:3737-3747. [PMID: 34608583 PMCID: PMC8671270 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical characterization of brain tissue has been generally analyzed in the frequency and time domain. It is crucial to understand the mechanics of the brain under realistic, dynamic conditions and convert it to enable mathematical modelling in a time domain. In this study, the compressive viscoelastic properties of brain tissue were investigated under time and frequency domains with the same physical conditions and the theory of viscoelasticity was applied to estimate the prediction of viscoelastic response in the time domain based on frequency-dependent mechanical moduli through Finite Element models. Storage and loss modulus were obtained from white and grey matter, of bovine brains, using dynamic mechanical analysis and time domain material functions were derived based on a Prony series representation. The material models were evaluated using brain testing data from stress relaxation and hysteresis in the time dependent analysis. The Finite Element models were able to represent the trend of viscoelastic characterization of brain tissue under both testing domains. The outcomes of this study contribute to a better understanding of brain tissue mechanical behaviour and demonstrate the feasibility of deriving time-domain viscoelastic parameters from frequency-dependent compressive data for biological tissue, as validated by comparing experimental tests with computational simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Duncan E T Shepherd
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Daniel M Espino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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29
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Rationally designed drug delivery systems for the local treatment of resected glioblastoma. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113951. [PMID: 34461201 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a particularly aggressive brain cancer associated with high recurrence and poor prognosis. The standard of care, surgical resection followed by concomitant radio- and chemotherapy, leads to low survival rates. The local delivery of active agents within the tumor resection cavity has emerged as an attractive means to initiate oncological treatment immediately post-surgery. This complementary approach bypasses the blood-brain barrier, increases the local concentration at the tumor site while reducing or avoiding systemic side effects. This review will provide a global overview on the local treatment for GBM with an emphasis on the lessons learned from past clinical trials. The main parameters to be considered to rationally design fit-of-purpose biomaterials and develop drug delivery systems for local administration in the GBM resection cavity to prevent the tumor recurrence will be described. The intracavitary local treatment of GBM should i) use materials that facilitate translation to the clinic; ii) be characterized by easy GMP effective scaling up and easy-handling application by the neurosurgeons; iii) be adaptable to fill the tumor-resected niche, mold to the resection cavity or adhere to the exposed brain parenchyma; iv) be biocompatible and possess mechanical properties compatible with the brain; v) deliver a therapeutic dose of rationally-designed or repurposed drug compound(s) into the GBM infiltrative margin. Proof of concept with high translational potential will be provided. Finally, future perspectives to facilitate the clinical translation of the local perisurgical treatment of GBM will be discussed.
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30
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Tonti OR, Larson H, Lipp SN, Luetkemeyer CM, Makam M, Vargas D, Wilcox SM, Calve S. Tissue-specific parameters for the design of ECM-mimetic biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:83-102. [PMID: 33878474 PMCID: PMC8434955 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of biomolecules that mechanically and biochemically directs cell behavior and is crucial for maintaining tissue function and health. The heterogeneous organization and composition of the ECM varies within and between tissue types, directing mechanics, aiding in cell-cell communication, and facilitating tissue assembly and reassembly during development, injury and disease. As technologies like 3D printing rapidly advance, researchers are better able to recapitulate in vivo tissue properties in vitro; however, tissue-specific variations in ECM composition and organization are not given enough consideration. This is in part due to a lack of information regarding how the ECM of many tissues varies in both homeostatic and diseased states. To address this gap, we describe the components and organization of the ECM, and provide examples for different tissues at various states of disease. While many aspects of ECM biology remain unknown, our goal is to highlight the complexity of various tissues and inspire engineers to incorporate unique components of the native ECM into in vitro platform design and fabrication. Ultimately, we anticipate that the use of biomaterials that incorporate key tissue-specific ECM will lead to in vitro models that better emulate human pathologies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomaterial development primarily emphasizes the engineering of new materials and therapies at the expense of identifying key parameters of the tissue that is being emulated. This can be partially attributed to the difficulty in defining the 3D composition, organization, and mechanics of the ECM within different tissues and how these material properties vary as a function of homeostasis and disease. In this review, we highlight a range of tissues throughout the body and describe how ECM content, cell diversity, and mechanical properties change in diseased tissues and influence cellular behavior. Accurately mimicking the tissue of interest in vitro by using ECM specific to the appropriate state of homeostasis or pathology in vivo will yield results more translatable to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R Tonti
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Hannah Larson
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Sarah N Lipp
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Callan M Luetkemeyer
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Megan Makam
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Diego Vargas
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Sean M Wilcox
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Sarah Calve
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States.
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Cao J, Wu J, Mu J, Feng S, Gao J. The design criteria and therapeutic strategy of functional scaffolds for spinal cord injury repair. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4591-4606. [PMID: 34018520 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00361e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a therapeutic challenge in clinic. Current drug and cell therapeutics have obtained significant efficacy but are still in the early stages for complete neural and functional recovery. In the past few decades, functional scaffolds (FSs) have been rapidly developed to bridge the lesion and provide a framework for tissue regeneration in SCI repair. Moreover, a FS can act as an adjuvant for locally delivering drugs in the lesion with a designed drug release profile, and supplying a biomimetic environment for implanted cells. In this review, the design criteria of FSs for SCI treatment are summarized according to their biocompatibility, mechanical properties, morphology, architecture, and biodegradability. Subsequently, FSs designed for SCI repair in the scope of drug delivery, cell implantation and combination therapy are introduced, respectively. And how a FS promotes their therapeutic efficacy is analyzed. Finally, the challenges, perspectives, and potential of FSs for SCI treatment are discussed. Hopefully, this review may inspire the future development of potent FSs to facilitate SCI repair in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Jiahe Wu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Jiafu Mu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China. and International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China. and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
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