1
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Mohan RD, Kulkarni NV. Recent developments in the design of functional derivatives of edaravone and exploration of their antioxidant activities. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10940-7. [PMID: 39102113 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10940-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Edaravone, a pyrazalone derivative, is an antioxidant and free radical scavenger used to treat oxidative stress-related diseases. It is a proven drug to mitigate conditions prevailing to oxidative stress by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, reducing inflammation, and thereby preventing endothelial cell death. In recent years, considerable interest has been given by researchers in the derivatization of edaravone by adding varieties of substituents of versatile steric and functional properties to improve its antioxidant and pharmacological activity. This review accounts all the important methods developed for the derivatization of edaravone and the impacts of the structural modifications on the antioxidant activity of the motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Divya Mohan
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Naveen V Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kerala, 690525, India.
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2
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Zhai J, Hao C, Wang X, Cao Y, Pan Y, Zhou M, Sun J, Li C. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of dual-target inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300693. [PMID: 38332316 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Aβ1-42 and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are two key therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this study is to develop a dual-target inhibitor that inhibits both of these targets by fusing the chemical structure of baicalein and donepezil. Among them, we modified the structure of baicalein to arylcoumarin, synthesized three kinds of structural compounds, and evaluated their biological activities. The results showed that compound 3b had the strongest inhibitory effect on AChE (IC50 = 0.05 ± 0.02 µM), which was better than those of donepezil and baicalein. In addition, compound 3b has a strong ability to inhibit the aggregation of Aβ1-42 and protect nerve cells, and it can also penetrate the blood-brain barrier well. Using a zebrafish behavioral analyzer test, it was found that compound 3b can alleviate the behavioral effects of AlCl3-induced zebrafish larval movement retardation, which has a certain guiding significance for simulating the movement disorders of AD patients. In summary, compound 3b is expected to become a multifunctional agent for treating and alleviating the symptoms of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Zhai
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Canhua Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuexing Cao
- Jinan Shangcheng Pharmatech. Co. Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Yinbo Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Min Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanyou Li
- Jiangsu Second Chinese Medicine Hospital & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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3
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Sepehri S, Saeedi M, Larijani B, Mahdavi M. Recent developments in the design and synthesis of benzylpyridinium salts: Mimicking donepezil hydrochloride in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Front Chem 2022; 10:936240. [PMID: 36226120 PMCID: PMC9549744 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.936240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an advanced and irreversible degenerative disease of the brain, recognized as the key reason for dementia among elderly people. The disease is related to the reduced level of acetylcholine (ACh) in the brain that interferes with memory, learning, emotional, and behavior responses. Deficits in cholinergic neurotransmission are responsible for the creation and progression of numerous neurochemical and neurological illnesses such as AD. Aim: Herein, focusing on the fact that benzylpyridinium salts mimic the structure of donepezil hydrochlorideas a FDA-approved drug in the treatment of AD, their synthetic approaches and inhibitory activity against cholinesterases (ChEs) were discussed. Also, molecular docking results and structure–activity relationship (SAR) as the most significant concept in drug design and development were considered to introduce potential lead compounds. Key scientific concepts: AChE plays a chief role in the end of nerve impulse transmission at the cholinergic synapses. In this respect, the inhibition of AChE has been recognized as a key factor in the treatment of AD, Parkinson’s disease, senile dementia, myasthenia gravis, and ataxia. A few drugs such as donepezil hydrochloride are prescribed for the improvement of cognitive dysfunction and memory loss caused by AD. Donepezil hydrochloride is a piperidine-containing compound, identified as a well-known member of the second generation of AChE inhibitors. It was established to treat AD when it was assumed that the disease is associated with a central cholinergic loss in the early 1980s. In this review, synthesis and anti-ChE activity of a library of benzylpyridinium salts were reported and discussed based on SAR studies looking for the most potent substituents and moieties, which are responsible for inducing the desired activity even more potent than donepezil. It was found that linking heterocyclic moieties to the benzylpyridinium salts leads to the potent ChE inhibitors. In this respect, this review focused on the recent reports on benzylpyridinium salts and addressed the structural features and SARs to get an in-depth understanding of the potential of this biologically improved scaffold in the drug discovery of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghi Sepehri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- *Correspondence: Saghi Sepehri, ; Mohammad Mahdavi,
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Saghi Sepehri, ; Mohammad Mahdavi,
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Chehardoli G, Gholamhoseini P, Ebadi A, Ziaei M, Akbarzadeh T, Saeedi M, Mahdavi M, Khoshneviszadeh M, Najafi Z. 6‐Methoxy‐1‐tetralone Derivatives Bearing an N‐Arylpyridinium Moiety as Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamabbas Chehardoli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
| | - Pooriya Gholamhoseini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
| | - Ahmad Ebadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
| | - Maral Ziaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences 16 Azar Street 1417614411 Tehran Iran
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences 16 Azar Street 1417614411 Tehran Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences 16 Azar Street 1417614411 Tehran Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences 16 Azar Street 1417614411 Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1411713137 Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 7146864685 Shiraz Iran
| | - Zahra Najafi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Shahid Fahmideh Street 6517838678 Hamadan Iran
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Babaei E, Küçükkılınç TT, Jalili-Baleh L, Nadri H, Öz E, Forootanfar H, Hosseinzadeh E, Akbari T, Ardestani MS, Firoozpour L, Foroumadi A, Sharifzadeh M, Mirjalili BBF, Khoobi M. Novel Coumarin–Pyridine Hybrids as Potent Multi-Target Directed Ligands Aiming at Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Chem 2022; 10:895483. [PMID: 35844650 PMCID: PMC9280334 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.895483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, a series of coumarin-based scaffolds linked to pyridine derivatives via a flexible aliphatic linkage were synthesized and assessed as multifunctional anti-AD agents. All the compounds showed acceptable acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity in the nanomolar range (IC50 = 2–144 nM) and remarkable butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition property (IC50 = 9–123 nM) compared to donepezil as the standard drug (IC50 = 14 and 275 nM, respectively). Compound 3f as the best AChE inhibitor (IC50 = 2 nM) showed acceptable BuChE inhibition activity (IC50 = 24 nM), 100 times more active than the standard drug. Compound 3f could also significantly protect PC12 and SH-SY5Y cells against H2O2-induced cell death and amyloid toxicity, respectively, superior to the standard drugs. It could interestingly reduce β-amyloid self and AChE-induced aggregation, more potent than the standard drug. All the results suggest that compound 3f could be considered as a promising multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Babaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Leili Jalili-Baleh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Nadri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Esin Öz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamid Forootanfar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elaheh Hosseinzadeh
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Akbari
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Loghman Firoozpour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
- *Correspondence: Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili, ; Mehdi Khoobi, ,
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili, ; Mehdi Khoobi, ,
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Dorababu A. Promising heterocycle-based scaffolds in recent (2019-2021) anti-Alzheimer's drug design and discovery. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 920:174847. [PMID: 35218718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the neurodegenerative diseases that led to morbidity and mortality world-wide. It is a complex disease whose etiology is not completely known that leads to difficulty in prevent or cure of the AD. Also, there are only few approved drugs for AD treatment. Apart from deaths due to AD, expenditure of treatment and care of AD patients is higher than that of treatment of HIV and cancer diseases combined. Hence, it leads to an economic burden also. Although research is being carried out on designing drugs for AD, most of them have ended up in poor inhibitors with high toxicity. Hence, researchers should shoulder a great responsibility of discovery of efficient drugs for AD treatment. In the field of drug discovery, heterocycles played an important role. Also, most of the heterocyclic scaffolds have been used in design of potent anti-AD agents. In view of this, heterocyclic molecules reported recently are compiled and evaluated comprehensively. Especially, the molecules which exhibited pronounced activity are emphasized and described with respect to structure-activity relationship (SAR) in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atukuri Dorababu
- SRMPP Government First Grade College, Huvinahadagali, 583219, India.
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Baussanne I, Firstova O, Dediu AB, Larosa C, Furdui B, Ghinea IO, Thomas A, Chierici S, Dinica R, Demeunynck M. Interest of novel N-alkylpyridinium-indolizine hybrids in the field of Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antioxidant activity, cholinesterase inhibition, and amyloid fibrillation interference. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105390. [PMID: 34670332 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A small library of molecules combining indolizine and N-alkyl pyridinium was synthesized and evaluated in a multi-target-directed-ligand strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. The new compounds were classified in three series depending on the number of methylene residues linking the two heterocycles (Ind-PyCx with x = 0, 2 or 3). The molecules were synthesized from the corresponding bis-pyridines by two-step formation of the indolizine core including mono-alkylation of pyridine and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with an alkylpropiolate. Their activities against AD's key-targets were evaluated in vitro: acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase (AChE and BChE) inhibition, antioxidant properties and inhibition of amyloid fibril formation. None of the three series showed significant activities against all the targets. The Ind-PyC2 and Ind-PyC3 series are active on eeAChE and hAChE (µM IC50 values). Most of the positively charged molecules from these two series also appeared active against eqBChE, however they lost their activity on hBChE. Comparative molecular modeling of 13 and 15 docked in hAChE and hBChE highlighted the importance of the substituent (p-methoxybenzoyl or methyloxycarbonyl, respectively) located on the indolizine C-3 for the binding. The larger molecule 13 fits more tightly at the active site of the two enzymes than 15 that shows a larger degree of freedom. The Ind-PyC2 and Ind-PyC3 hybrids displayed some antioxidant activity when tested at 750 µg/mL (up to 95% inhibition of DPPH radical scavenging for 10). In both series, most hybrids were also able to interact with amyloid fibers, even if the inhibitory effect was observed at a high 100 µM concentration. The Ind-PyC0 molecules stand out completely due to their spectroscopic properties which prevent their evaluation by Ellman's and ThT assays. However, these molecules showed interesting features in the presence of preformed fibers. In particular, the strong increase in fluorescence of 3 in the presence of amyloid fibers is very promising for its use as a fibrillation fluorescent reporter dye.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Firstova
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, Grenoble, France
| | - Andreea Botezatu Dediu
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galaţi, Faculty of Science and Environment, 111 Domneasca Street, 800201 Galaţi, Romania
| | | | - Bianca Furdui
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galaţi, Faculty of Science and Environment, 111 Domneasca Street, 800201 Galaţi, Romania
| | - Ioana Ottilia Ghinea
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galaţi, Faculty of Science and Environment, 111 Domneasca Street, 800201 Galaţi, Romania
| | - Aline Thomas
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Rodica Dinica
- Dunarea de Jos University of Galaţi, Faculty of Science and Environment, 111 Domneasca Street, 800201 Galaţi, Romania.
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Zonouzi A, Hosseinzadeh F, Dehdari S, Abbasi A, Ng SW. Efficient synthesis of some V‐shaped methylene‐bridged compounds via regioselective condensation. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alireza Abbasi
- Department of Chemistry University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Seik Weng Ng
- Department of Chemistry University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Azimi F, Azizian H, Najafi M, Hassanzadeh F, Sadeghi-Aliabadi H, Ghasemi JB, Ali Faramarzi M, Mojtabavi S, Larijani B, Saghaei L, Mahdavi M. Design and synthesis of novel quinazolinone-pyrazole derivatives as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationship, molecular modeling and kinetic study. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105127. [PMID: 34246971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new series of quinazolinone-pyrazole hybrids were designed, synthesized and screened for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The results of the in vitro screening indicated that all the molecular hybrids exhibited more inhibitory activity (IC50 values ranging from 60.5 ± 0.3 µM-186.6 ± 20 μM) in comparison to standard acarbose (IC50 = 750.0 ± 10.0 µM). Limited structure-activity relationship suggested that the variation in the inhibitory activities of the compounds affected by different substitutions on phenyl rings of diphenyl pyrazole moiety. The enzyme kinetic studies of the most potent compound 9i revealed that it inhibited α-glucosidase in a competitive mode with a Ki of 56 μM. Molecular docking study was performed to predict the putative binding interaction. As expected, all pharmacophoric moieties used in the initial structure design playing a pivotal role in the interaction with the binding site of the enzyme. In addition, by performing molecular dynamic investigation and MM-GBSA calculation, we investigated the difference in structural perturbation and dynamic behavior that is observed over α-glycosidase in complex with the most active compound and acarbose relative to unbound α-glycosidase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Azimi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Hezar Jerib, 817416-73461 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Homa Azizian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Farshid Hassanzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Hezar Jerib, 817416-73461 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hojjat Sadeghi-Aliabadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Hezar Jerib, 817416-73461 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jahan B Ghasemi
- School of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lotfollah Saghaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Hezar Jerib, 817416-73461 Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ghafary S, Ghobadian R, Mahdavi M, Nadri H, Moradi A, Akbarzadeh T, Najafi Z, Sharifzadeh M, Edraki N, Moghadam FH, Amini M. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel cinnamic acid-tryptamine hybrid for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Daru 2020; 28:463-477. [PMID: 32372339 PMCID: PMC7704987 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetylcholine deficiencies in hippocampus and cortex, aggregation of β-amyloid, and β-secretase over activity have been introduced as main reasons in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Colorimetric Ellman's method was used for determination of IC50 value in AChE and BChE inhibitory activity. The kinetic studies, neuroprotective and β-secretase inhibitory activities, evaluation of inhibitory potency on β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregations induced by AChE, and docking study were performed for prediction of the mechanism of action. RESULT AND DISCUSSION A new series of cinnamic acids-tryptamine hybrid was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as dual cholinesterase inhibitors. These compounds demonstrated in-vitro inhibitory activities against acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) and butyryl cholinesterase (BChE). Among of these synthesized compounds, (E)-N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamide (5q) demonstrated the most potent AChE inhibitory activity (IC50 = 11.51 μM) and (E)-N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)acrylamide (5b) were the best anti-BChE (IC50 = 1.95 μM) compounds. In addition, the molecular modeling and kinetic studies depicted 5q and 5b were mixed type inhibitor and bound with both the peripheral anionic site (PAS) and catalytic sites (CAS) of AChE and BChE. Moreover, compound 5q showed mild neuroprotective in PC12 cell line and weak β-secretase inhibitory activities. This compound also inhibited aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) in self-induced peptide aggregation test at concentration of 10 μM. CONCLUSION It is worth noting that both the kinetic study and the molecular modeling of 5q and 5b depicted that these compounds simultaneously interacted with both the catalytic active site and the peripheral anionic site of AChE and BChE. These findings match with those resulted data from the enzyme inhibition assay. Graphical abstract A new series of cinnamic-derived acids-tryptamine hybrid derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and neuroprotective agents. Compound 5b and 5q, as the more potent compounds, interacted with both the peripheral site and the choline binding site having mixed type inhibition. Results suggested that derivatives have a therapeutic potential for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Ghafary
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design & Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Ghobadian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design & Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Nadri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design & Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Najafi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farshad Homayouni Moghadam
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Amini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design & Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zondagh LS, Malan SF, Joubert J. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of edaravone derivatives bearing the N-benzyl pyridinium moiety as multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1596-1605. [PMID: 32779503 PMCID: PMC7470113 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1801673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of multi-target directed edaravone derivatives bearing N-benzyl pyridinium moieties were designed and synthesised. Edaravone is a potent antioxidant with significant neuroprotective effects and N-benzyl pyridinium has previously exhibited positive results as part of a dual-site binding, peripheral anionic site (PAS) and catalytic anionic site (CAS), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. The designed edaravone-N-benzyl pyridinium hybrid compounds were docked within the AChE active site. The results indicated interactions with conserved amino acids (Trp279 in PAS and Trp84 in CAS), suggesting good dual-site inhibitory activity. Significant in vitro AChE inhibitory activities were observed for selected compounds (IC50: 1.2-4.6 µM) with limited butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (IC50's >160 µM), indicating excellent selectivity towards AChE (SI: 46 - >278). The compounds also showed considerable antioxidant ability, similar to edaravone. In silico studies indicated that these compounds should cross the blood-brain barrier, making them promising lead molecules in the development of anti-Alzheimer's agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke S. Zondagh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Sarel F. Malan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Jacques Joubert
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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12
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Mollazadeh M, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani M, Valizadeh Y, Zonouzi A, Faramarzi MA, Hariri P, Biglar M, Larijani B, Hamedifar H, Mahdavi M, Sepehri N. 2,4-Dioxochroman Moiety Linked to 1,2,3-triazole Derivatives as Novel α-glucosidase Inhibitors: Synthesis, In vitro Biological Evaluation, and Docking Study. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200802181634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel series of 2,4-dioxochroman-1,2,3-triazole hybrids 8a-l
was synthesized by click reaction. These compounds were screened against α-glucosidase
through in vitro and in silico evaluations. All the synthesized hybrids exhibited excellent
α-glucosidase inhibition in comparison to standard drug acarbose. Representatively,
3-((((1-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)amino)methylene)chroman-2,4-
dione 8h with IC50 = 20.1 ± 1.5 μM against α-glucosidase, was 37-times more potent than
acarbose. Enzyme kinetic study revealed that compound 8h was a competitive inhibitor
against α-glucosidase. In silico docking study on chloro derivatives 8h, 8g, and 8i were
also performed in the active site of α -glucosidase. Evaluations on obtained interaction
modes and binding energies of these compounds confirmed the results obtained through in
vitro α-glucosidase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Mollazadeh
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Yousef Valizadeh
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Zonouzi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parsa Hariri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Biglar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haleh Hamedifar
- CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Sepehri
- Nano Alvand Company, Avicenna Tech Park, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1439955991, Iran
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13
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Mollazadeh M, Mohammadi‐Khanaposhtani M, Azizian H, Zonouzi A, Abdolahi Z, Nadri H, Larijani B, Biglar M, Mahdavi M. Design and synthesis of 2,4‐dioxochroman‐pyridinium‐phenylacetamide derivatives as new
anti‐Alzheimer
agents: in vitro and in silico studies. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Mollazadeh
- School of Chemistry, College of Science University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadi‐Khanaposhtani
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Homa Azizian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy‐International Campus Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Afsaneh Zonouzi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Zahra Abdolahi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran
| | - Hamid Nadri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mahmood Biglar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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14
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Zonouzi A, Rezaei MH, Mirzazadeh R, Arjomand MR. Solvent-free Synthesis of Halogenated Furo[2,3-d] pyrimidines and Their Cytotoxic Activity on the T47D Breast Cancer Cell Line. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2020.1771961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Zonouzi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Center (PCRC), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Habibi Rezaei
- School of Biology, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghieh Mirzazadeh
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Biochemistry Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Dorababu A. Critical evaluation of current Alzheimer's drug discovery (2018-19) & futuristic Alzheimer drug model approach. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:103299. [PMID: 31586701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease responsible for death of millions of people worldwide is a progressive clinical disorder which causes neurons to degenerate and ultimately die. It is one of the common causes of dementia wherein a person's incapability to independently think, behave and decline in social skills can be quoted as major symptoms. However the early signs include the simple non-clinical symptoms such as forgetting recent events and conversations. Onset of these symptoms leads to worsened conditions wherein the AD patient suffers severe memory impairment and eventually becomes unable to work out everyday tasks. Even though there is no complete cure for AD, rigorous research has been going on to reduce the progress of AD. Currently, a very few clinical drugs are prevailing for AD treatment. So this is the need of hour to design, develop and discovery of novel anti-AD drugs. The main factors for the cause of AD according to scientific research reveals structural changes in brain proteins such as beta amyloid, tau proteins into plaques and tangles respectively. The abnormal proteins distort the neurons. Despite the high potencies of the synthesized molecules; they could not get on the clinical tests up to human usage. In this review article, the recent research carried out with respect to inhibition of AChE, BuChE, NO, BACE1, MAOs, Aβ, H3R, DAPK, CSF1R, 5-HT4R, PDE, σ1R and GSK-3β is compiled and organized. The summary is focused mainly on cholinesterases, Aβ, BACE1 and MAOs classes of potential inhibitors. The review also covers structure activity relationship of most potent compounds of each class of inhibitors alongside redesign and remodeling of the most significant inhibitors in order to expect cutting edge inhibitory properties towards AD. Alongside the molecular docking studies of the some final compounds are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atukuri Dorababu
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, SRMPP Govt. First Grade College, Huvinahadagali 583219, Karnataka, India.
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