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Song J, Peng D, Peng Y, Zhao G, Ren Y, Guo L, Ren L, Zhang X, Xie X, Zhang Y, Cao L, Li Y. The new pattern for dual NOTCH pathway involving nuclear transcription and mitochondrial regulation supports therapeutic mechanism of 4-butyl benzophenone derivatives against SIRS. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 223:306-324. [PMID: 39134162 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) represents a self-amplifying cascade of inflammatory reactions and pathophysiological states triggered by infectious or non-infectious factors. The identification of disease targets and differential proteins in the liver (the unique and important immune organ) of SIRS mice treated with the lead compound D1 was conducted using the Genecards database and proteomic analysis, respectively. Subsequently, NOTCH1 was identified as the potential hub target via an intersection analysis between the aforementioned differentially expressed proteins and disease targets. Based on our previous research on the structure-activity relationship, we designed and synthesized a series of SIRS-related derivatives, wherein butyl, halogen, and ester groups were incorporated into benzophenone, aiming at exploring the anti-inflammatory protective action from the perspective of macrophage polarization. Notably, these derivatives exhibited a direct binding capability to the O-glucosylation site (SER496) or its vicinities (such as SER492, VAL485) of NOTCH1 using docking, SPR, DARTS, and CETSA techniques. Mechanistically, derivative D6 exerted anti-inflammatory effects via the dual NOTCH pathway. Firstly, it could inhibit NOTCH1 nuclear transcriptional activity, attenuate the interaction between NICD and RBPJK, concurrently suppress NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, and cleaved CASP1) activation, and promote NICD (NOTCH1 active fragments) ubiquitination metabolism (the nuclear transcriptional pathway). Secondly, it might possess the ability to increase PGC1α level, subsequently, enhance ATP and MMP levels, mitigate ROS production, increase mitochondrial numbers, and ameliorate mitochondrial inflammatory damage (the mitochondrial pathway). Importantly, the activator Jagged1 could effectively reverse the aforementioned effects, while the inhibitor DAPT exhibited a synergistic effect, suggesting that the nuclear transcriptional regulation and mitochondrial regulation were both in a NOTCH1-dependent manner. Subsequently, it effectively alleviated the inflammatory response and preserved organ function as evidenced by up-regulating M2-type macrophage-related anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL10, TGFβ, CD206, and ARG1) and down-regulating M1-type macrophage-related pro-inflammatory cytokines (NO, IL6, IL18, iNOS, TNFα, CD86, and IL1β). In a word, derivative D6 modulated macrophage polarization and effectively mitigated SIRS by targeting inhibition of the dual NOTCH pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Dan Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Yu Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Guang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Lina Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Luyao Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Lingya Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Yunlan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China; School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, PR China.
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2
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Elgammal WE, Shaban SS, Eliwa EM, Halawa AH, Abd El-Gilil SM, Hassan RA, Abdou AM, Elhagali GA, Reheim MA. Thiazolation of phenylthiosemicarbazone to access new thiazoles: anticancer activity and molecular docking. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:1219-1237. [PMID: 38989988 PMCID: PMC11247539 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2342668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Novel thiazole hybrids were synthesized via thiazolation of 4-phenylthiosemicarbazone (4). Materials & methods: The anticancer activity against the NCI 60 cancer cell line panel. Results: Methyl 2-(2-((1-(naphthalen-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazineylidene)-4-oxo-3-phenylthiazolidin-5-ylidene)acetate (6a) showed significant anticancer activity at 10 μM with a mean growth inhibition (GI) of 51.18%. It showed the highest cytotoxic activity against the ovarian cancer OVCAR-4 with an IC50 of 1.569 ± 0.06 μM. Compound 6a inhibited PI3Kα with IC50 = 0.225 ± 0.01 μM. Moreover, compound 6a revealed a decrease of Akt and mTOR phosphorylation in OVCAR-4 cells. In addition, antibacterial activity showed that compounds 11 and 12 were the most active against Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: Compound 6a is a promising molecule that could be a lead candidate for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid E Elgammal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa S Shaban
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam M Eliwa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177-LCSOM, CNRS, Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ahmed H Halawa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Abd El-Gilil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11754, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Hassan
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Amr M Abdou
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Gameel Am Elhagali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mam Abdel Reheim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arish University, Arish, 45511, Egypt
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3
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Ezelarab HAA, Ali TFS, Abbas SH, Sayed AM, Beshr EAM, Hassan HA. New antiproliferative 3-substituted oxindoles inhibiting EGFR/VEGFR-2 and tubulin polymerization. Mol Divers 2024; 28:563-580. [PMID: 36790582 PMCID: PMC11070402 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
New 3-substituted oxindole derivatives were designed and synthesized as antiproliferative agents. The antiproliferative activity of compounds 6a-j was evaluated against 60 NCI cell lines. Among these tested compounds, compounds 6f and 6g showed remarkable antiproliferative activity, specifically against leukemia and breast cancer cell lines. Compound 6f was the most promising antiproliferative agent against MCF-7 (human breast cancer) with an IC50 value of 14.77 µM compared to 5-fluorouracil (5FU) (IC50 = 2.02 µM). Notably, compound 6f hampered receptor tyrosine EGFR fundamentally with an IC50 value of 1.38 µM, compared to the reference sunitinib with an IC50 value of 0.08 µM. Moreover, compound 6f afforded anti-tubulin polymerization activity with an IC50 value of 7.99 µM as an outstanding observable activity compared with the reference combretastatin A4 with an IC50 value of 2.64 µM. In silico molecular-docking results of compound 6f in the ATP-binding site of EGFR agreed with the in vitro results. Besides, the investigation of the physicochemical properties of compound 6f via the egg-boiled method clarified good lipophilicity, GIT absorption, and blood-brain barrier penetration properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt
| | - Taha F S Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | - Eman A M Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Heba A Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt
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4
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Alzahrani AY, Gomha SM, Zaki ME, Farag B, Abdelgawad FE, Mohamed MA. Chitosan-sulfonic acid-catalyzed green synthesis of naphthalene-based azines as potential anticancer agents. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:647-663. [PMID: 38385167 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study focuses on advancing green chemistry in anticancer drug discovery, particularly through the synthesis of azine derivatives with a naphthalene core using CS-SO3H as a catalyst. Methods: Novel benzaldazine and ketazine derivatives were synthesized using (E)-(naphthalen-1-ylmethylene)hydrazine and various carbonyl compounds. The methods employed included thermal and grinding techniques, utilizing CS-SO3H as an eco-friendly and cost-effective catalyst. Results: The approach resulted in high yields, short reaction times and demonstrated catalyst reusability. Cytotoxicity tests highlighted compounds 3b, 11 and 13 as potent against the HEPG2-1. Conclusion: This study successfully aligns with the objectives of eco-conscious drug development in organic chemistry. Molecular docking and in silico studies further indicate the potential of these ligands as antitumor medicines, with favorable oral bioavailability properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Ya Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail Assir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sobhi M Gomha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, 42351, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Magdi Ea Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basant Farag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Fathy E Abdelgawad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, 42351, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A Mohamed
- Technology of Textile Department, Faculty of Technology & Education, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62521, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science & Humanity study-Afif, Shaqra University, 11911, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Chen M, Cui Y, Chen X, Shang R, Zhang X. C-F bond activation enables synthesis of aryl difluoromethyl bicyclopentanes as benzophenone-type bioisosteres. Nat Commun 2024; 15:419. [PMID: 38199996 PMCID: PMC10781780 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioisosteric design has become an essential approach in the development of drug molecules. Recent advancements in synthetic methodologies have enabled the rapid adoption of this strategy into drug discovery programs. Consequently, conceptionally innovative practices would be appreciated by the medicinal chemistry community. Here we report an expeditous synthetic method for synthesizing aryl difluoromethyl bicyclopentane (ADB) as a bioisostere of the benzophenone core. This approach involves the merger of light-driven C-F bond activation and strain-release chemistry under the catalysis of a newly designed N-anionic-based organic photocatalyst. This defluorinative coupling methodology enables the direct conversion of a wide variety of commercially available trifluoromethylaromatic C-F bonds (more than 70 examples) into the corresponding difluoromethyl bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCP) arenes/difluoromethyl BCP boronates in a single step. The strategy can also be applied to [3.1.1]and [4.1.1]propellane systems, providing access to analogues with different geometries. Moreover, we have successfully used this protocol to rapidly prepare ADB-substituted analogues of the bioactive molecule Adiporon. Biological testing has shown that the ADB scaffold has the potential to enhance the pharmacological properties of benzophenone-type drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshuo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, 310024, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuang Cui
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, 310024, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, 310024, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Xiaheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, 310024, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Song J, Ren L, Ren Z, Ren X, Qi Y, Qin Y, Zhang X, Ren Y, Li Y. SIRT1-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis supports therapeutic effects of 4-butyl-polyhydroxybenzophenone compounds against NAFLD. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115728. [PMID: 37625288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondria have been identified as key targets in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), one of the most prevalent chronic liver damage diseases globally. Meanwhile, the biological information analysis in this study revealed that SIRT1, PPARG, PPARA, and PPARGC1A (mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins) were NAFLD therapeutic targets. Therefore, the design and synthesis of targeted drugs that promote mitochondrial biogenesis and improve mitochondrial function are particularly important for NAFLD treatment. Recently, we introduced butyls, hydroxyls, and halogens to benzophenone and synthesized a series of NAFLD-related 4-butylpolyhydroxybenzophenone compounds, aiming at investigating the hepatoprotective activity from the aspect of mitochondrial biogenesis. The structure-activity relationship demonstrated that hydroxyl and ketone groups were active groups interacting with mitochondrial biogenesis proteins (SIRT1 and PGC1α), and the activity was stronger when the o-hydroxyl group was present on the benzene ring. In contrast, the activity was little affected by the presence of the p-hydroxyl group, m-hydroxyl group, butyl group type, or halogen. In addition, in vitro studies confirmed that these compounds could directly bind to SIRT1 and PGC1α, markedly promote their interaction, significantly increase the expression of proteins and genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis (SIRT1, PGC1α, NRF1, TFAM, COX1, and ND6) and subsequently ameliorate mitochondria dysfunction, which was evidenced by the decreased ROS, upregulated ATP production, increased MMP, and enhanced mitochondrial number. According to the outcomes of our in vitro and in vivo experiments, 4-butyl-polyhydroxybenzophenone compounds could also effectively reduce the formation of lipid droplets and liver injury index (ALT, AST, LDH, AKP, γ-GT, and GDH) and improve the level of antioxidant enzymes (GSH and SOD). Particularly, the treatment of these compounds after a high-fat diet could significantly reduce body weight, decrease liver coefficient, attenuate liver damage, and ameliorate lipid accumulation in rat liver, demonstrating their therapeutic effects on NAFLD. Mechanistically, 4-butyl-polyhydroxybenzophenone compounds promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and eventually prevented NAFLD liver injury by activating the PGC1α signaling pathway in a SIRT1-dependent manner, which was strongly supported by SIRT1 inhibitor EX527.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China
| | - Luyao Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China
| | - Zhenzhu Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China
| | - Xing Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China
| | - Yang Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China
| | - Yuxi Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China
| | - Yunlan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China; School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, PR China.
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7
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Yu VK, Sycheva YS, Kairanbayeva GK, Dembitsky VM, Balabekova MK, Tokusheva AN, Seilkhanov TM, Zharkynbek TY, Balapanova AK, Tassibekov KS. Naphthaleneoxypropargyl-Containing Piperazine as a Regulator of Effector Immune Cell Populations upon an Aseptic Inflammation. Molecules 2023; 28:7023. [PMID: 37894502 PMCID: PMC10608911 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of aseptic inflammation and heavy metal exposure on immune responses, as well as the potential immunomodulatory properties of the newly synthesized 1-[1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(naphthalene-1-yloxy)but-2-ynyl]-4-methylpiperazine complexed with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Aseptic inflammation was induced by a subcutaneous injection of turpentine in rats, while heavy metal exposure was achieved through a daily administration of cadmium chloride and lead acetate. The levels of immune cell populations, including cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), monocytes, and granulocytes, were assessed in the spleen. The results showed that aseptic inflammation led to decreased levels of CTL, monocytes, and granulocytes on the 14th day, indicating an inflammatory response accompanied by a migration of effector cells to the inflamed tissues. The exposure to cadmium chloride and lead acetate resulted in systemic immunotoxic effects, with reduced levels of B cells, CD4+ Th cells, monocytes, and granulocytes in the spleen. Notably, piperazine complexed with β-CD (the complex) exhibited significant stimulatory effects on CD4+, CD8+, and myeloid cell populations during aseptic inflammation, even in the presence of heavy metal exposure. These findings suggest the potential immunomodulatory properties of the complex in the context of aseptic inflammation and heavy metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina K. Yu
- A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences, 106 Sh. Ualikhanov St., Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan; (Y.S.S.); (T.Y.Z.); (K.S.T.)
| | - Yelena S. Sycheva
- A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences, 106 Sh. Ualikhanov St., Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan; (Y.S.S.); (T.Y.Z.); (K.S.T.)
| | - Gulgul K. Kairanbayeva
- Pathological Physiology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, 94 Tole-bi St., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (G.K.K.); (M.K.B.); (A.N.T.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Valery M. Dembitsky
- Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada
| | - Marina K. Balabekova
- Pathological Physiology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, 94 Tole-bi St., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (G.K.K.); (M.K.B.); (A.N.T.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Aliya N. Tokusheva
- Pathological Physiology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, 94 Tole-bi St., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (G.K.K.); (M.K.B.); (A.N.T.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Tulegen M. Seilkhanov
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile NMR Spectroscopy, Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau State University, 76 Abai St., Kokshetau 020000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Tolganay Y. Zharkynbek
- A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences, 106 Sh. Ualikhanov St., Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan; (Y.S.S.); (T.Y.Z.); (K.S.T.)
| | - Anar Kh. Balapanova
- Pathological Physiology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, 94 Tole-bi St., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (G.K.K.); (M.K.B.); (A.N.T.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Khaidar S. Tassibekov
- A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences, 106 Sh. Ualikhanov St., Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan; (Y.S.S.); (T.Y.Z.); (K.S.T.)
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8
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Salem M, Mahrous EM, Ragab EA, Nafie MS, Dawood KM. Synthesis and Anti-Breast Cancer Potency of Mono- and Bis-(pyrazolyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) Derivatives as EGFR/CDK-2 Target Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35359-35369. [PMID: 37779952 PMCID: PMC10536063 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The target mono- and bis-(6-pyrazolyltriazolo-thiadiazine) derivatives 4a-c and 6a-d were synthesized using a straightforward protocol via reaction of 3-bromoacetylpyrazole 2 with 4-amino-s-triazole-3-thiols 3a-c and bis(4-amino-5-mercapto-s-triazol-3-yl)alkanes 5a-d, respectively. The bis(6-pyrazolyl-s-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) derivatives 8a,b and 10 were also constructed by reaction of the triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine-3-thiol 4c with the proper dibromo compounds 7a,b and 9, respectively. Structures of the new substances were determined by spectroscopic and analytical data. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 6a showed potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (IC50 = 3.16, 2.74, and 0.39 μM, respectively) and were safe against the MCF-10A cells. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 6a also showed promising dual EGFR and CDK-2 inhibition activities, particularly 6a was the most effective (IC50 = 19.6 and 87.9 nM, respectively), better than Erlotinib and Roscovitine. Compound 6a treatment induced EGFR and CDK-2 enzyme inhibition by 97.18% and 94.11%, respectively, at 10 μM (the highest concentration). Compound 6a notably induced cell apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, increasing the cell population by total apoptosis 43.3% compared to 1.29% for the untreated control group, increasing the cell population at the S-phase by 39.2% compared to 18.6% (control).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa
E. Salem
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad
Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa M. Mahrous
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Ragab
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry
Department, College of Sciences, University
of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah 27272, United Arab
Emirates
- Department
of Chemistry (Biochemistry Program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Kamal M. Dawood
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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9
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Korkmaz A, Kurtay G, Kaya E, Bursal E. Design, synthesis, spectroscopic characterizations, in vitro pancreatic lipase as well as tyrosinase inhibition evaluations and in silico analysis of novel aryl sulfonate-naphthalene hybrids. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:7128-7143. [PMID: 36069113 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2116600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
One of the primary purposes of this study is to synthesize new aryl sulfonate-naphthalene hybrid structures possessing divergent electron-withdrawing and electron-releasing functional groups. Following the improved reaction conditions, we successfully gathered ten distinct sulfonate derivatives (3a-j) with good yields. The synthesized naphthalene-based sulfonate derivatives were then characterized using appropriate analytical methods (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HRMS, and elemental analysis). Additionally, in vitro and in silico enzyme inhibitory properties of the prepared aryl sulfonate-naphthalene hybrid structures were evaluated against pancreatic lipase and tyrosinase enzymes. Corresponding in vitro enzyme activity investigations revealed that the produced compounds inhibit pancreatic lipase and tyrosinase enzymes significantly. According to the lowest IC50 values, 3h (95.3 ± 4.0 µM) demonstrated the most effective inhibition against pancreatic lipase, whereas 3a (40.8 ± 3.3 µM) was found as the most effective inhibition against the tyrosinase. According to in silico studies, 3a exhibited the highest affinity value (-9.9 kcal/mol) against pancreatic lipase, whereas 3f demonstrated the best affinity value (-8.7 kcal/mol) against tyrosinase.Furthermore, we investigated various structural and physicochemical properties of the target molecules, namely frontier orbital' (HOMO, LUMO, and bandgap) energies (including their corresponding contour plots), global reactivity descriptors (ionization energy and electron affinity), and electronegativity values gathered from ground-state (GS) density functional theory (DFT) calculations. These investigations demonstrated that the observed electrostatic interactions effectively contributed to the studied molecules' experimentally demonstrated enzyme inhibition potential. Also, ADMET studies were evaluated to enlighten the molecular interactions of the compounds with the enzymes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Korkmaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Gülbin Kurtay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esin Kaya
- Faculty of Education, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Ercan Bursal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
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10
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Salem ME, Mahrous EM, Ragab EA, Nafie MS, Dawood KM. Synthesis of novel mono- and bis-pyrazolylthiazole derivatives as anti-liver cancer agents through EGFR/HER2 target inhibition. BMC Chem 2023; 17:51. [PMID: 37291635 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-00921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
3-Bromoacetyl-4-(2-naphthoyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole (6) was synthesized from 2-acetylnaphthalene and was used as a new key building block for constructing the title targets. Thus, the reaction of 6 with the thiosemicarbazones 7a-d and 9-11 afforded the corresponding simple naphthoyl-(3-pyrazolyl)thiazole hybrids 8a-d and 12 ~ 14. The symmetric bis-(2-naphthoyl-pyrazol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)phenoxy)alkanes 18a-c and 21a-c were similarly synthesized from reaction of 6 with the appropriate bis-thiosemicarbazones 17a-c and 19a-c, respectively. The synthesized two series of simple and symmetrical bis-molecular hybrid merging naphthalene, thiazole, and pyrazole were evaluated for their cytotoxicity. Compounds 18b,c and 21a showed the most potent cytotoxicity (IC50 = 0.97-3.57 µM) compared to Lapatinib (IC50 = 7.45 µM). Additionally, they were safe (non-cytotoxic) against the THLE2 cells with higher IC50 values. Compounds 18c exhibited promising EGFR and HER-2 inhibitory activities with IC50 = 4.98 and 9.85 nM, respectively, compared to Lapatinib (IC50 = 6.1 and 17.2 nM). Apoptosis investigation revealed that 18c significantly activated apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells, increasing the death rate by 63.6-fold and arresting cell proliferation at the S-phase. Compound 18c upregulated P53 by 8.6-fold, Bax by 8.9-fold, caspase-3,8,9 by 9, 2.3, and 7.6-fold, while it inhibited the Bcl-2 expression by 0.34-fold. Thereby, compound 18c exhibited promising cytotoxicity against EGFR/HER2 inhibition against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa E Salem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Esraa M Mahrous
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Eman A Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Kamal M Dawood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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11
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An update on the recent advances and discovery of novel tubulin colchicine binding inhibitors. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:73-95. [PMID: 36756851 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules, formed by α- and β-tubulin heterodimer, are considered as a major target to prevent the proliferation of tumor cells. Microtubule-targeted agents have become increasingly effective anticancer drugs. However, due to the relatively sophisticated chemical structure of taxane and vinblastine, their application has faced numerous obstacles. Conversely, the structure of colchicine binding site inhibitors (CBSIs) is much easier to be modified. Moreover, CBSIs have strong antiproliferative effect on multidrug-resistant tumor cells and have become the mainstream research orientation of microtubule-targeted agents. This review focuses mainly on the recent advances of CBSIs during 2017-2022, attempts to depict their biological activities to analyze the structure-activity relationships and offers new perspectives for designing next generation of novel CBSIs.
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12
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Abdel-Azziz IA, Amin NH, El-Saadi MT, Abdel-Rahman HM. Design, synthesis and mechanistic studies of benzophenones hydrazone derivatives as cathepsin inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Eliwa EM, Elgammal WE, Belal A, Abourehab MAS, Abd El-Gilil SM, Mehany ABM, Elhagali GAM. Cu(II)-Promoted the Chemical Synthesis of New Azines-Based Naphthalene Scaffold as In Vitro Potent Mushroom Tyrosinase Inhibitors and Evaluation of Their Antiproliferative Activity. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2112704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Essam M. Eliwa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Walid E. Elgammal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M. Abd El-Gilil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Gameel A. M. Elhagali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
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14
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Zhang W, Yang L, Si W, Tang M, Bai P, Zhu Z, Kuang S, Liu J, Shi M, Huang J, Chen X, Li D, Wen Y, Yang Z, Xiao K, Chen L. SKLB-14b, a novel oral microtubule-destabilizing agent based on hydroxamic acid with potent anti-tumor and anti-multidrug resistance activities. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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15
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Design, synthesis, biological assessment, and in-Silico studies of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 121:105687. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Wang G, He M, Liu W, Fan M, Li Y, Peng Z. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indole derivatives as potential anticancer agents and tubulin polymerization inhibitors. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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17
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Wang G, Liu W, Fan M, He M, Li Y, Peng Z. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel thiazole-naphthalene derivatives as potential anticancer agents and tubulin polymerisation inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1694-1702. [PMID: 34309466 PMCID: PMC8317958 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1958213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel series of thiazole-naphthalene derivatives as tubulin polymerisation inhibitors were designed, synthesised, and evaluated for the anti-proliferative activities. The majority of the tested compounds exhibited moderate to potent antiproliferative activity on the MCF-7 and A549 cancer cell lines. Among them, compound 5b was found to be the most active compound with IC50 values of 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.97 ± 0.13 μM. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that 5b significantly inhibited tubulin polymerisation with an IC50 value of 3.3 µM, as compared to the standard drug colchicine (IC50 = 9.1 μM). Further cellular mechanism studies elucidated that 5b arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cancer cells. Molecular modelling study indicated that 5b binds well to the colchicine binding site of tubulin. In summary, these results suggest that 5b represents a promising tubulin polymerisation inhibitor worthy of further investigation as potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meiyan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Wang G, Fan M, Liu W, He M, Li Y, Peng Z. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking investigation of new sulphonamide derivatives bearing naphthalene moiety as potent tubulin polymerisation inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1402-1410. [PMID: 34157927 PMCID: PMC8231400 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1943378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of sulphonamide derivatives bearing naphthalene moiety were synthesised and evaluated for their antiproliferative and tubulin polymerisation inhibitory activities. These new compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and A549 by using CCK-8 method. Among all the tested compounds, compound 5c with naphthalen-1-yl moiety exhibited the most potent antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and A549 cell line, with IC50 values of 0.51 ± 0.03 µM and 0.33 ± 0.01 µM, respectively. The results of tubulin polymerisation assay shown that 5c exhibited a significant ability to inhibit tubulin polymerisation with IC50 value of 2.8 μM. Consistent with its antitubulin activity, 5c can significantly arrest the cell cycle at G2/M phase and induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cancer cells. Molecular docking study indicated that compound 5c inhibited tubulin polymerisation through interacting at the colchicine-binding site of tubulin. Furthermore, 5c exhibited low cytotoxic activity on human normal cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meiyan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Balachandra C, Padhi D, Govindaraju T. Cyclic Dipeptide: A Privileged Molecular Scaffold to Derive Structural Diversity and Functional Utility. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2558-2587. [PMID: 33938157 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic dipeptides (CDPs) are the simplest form of cyclic peptides with a wide range of applications from therapeutics to biomaterials. CDP is a versatile molecular platform endowed with unique properties such as conformational rigidity, intermolecular interactions, structural diversification through chemical synthesis, bioavailability and biocompatibility. A variety of natural products with the CDP core exhibit anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. The inherent bioactivities have inspired the development of synthetic analogues as drug candidates and drug delivery systems. CDP plays a crucial role as conformation and molecular assembly directing core in the design of molecular receptors, peptidomimetics and fabrication of functional material architectures. In recent years, CDP has rapidly become a privileged scaffold for the design of advanced drug candidates, drug delivery agents, bioimaging, and biomaterials to mitigate numerous disease conditions. This review describes the structural diversification and multifarious biomedical applications of the CDP scaffold, discusses challenges, and provides future directions for the emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenikkayala Balachandra
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P.O., Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Dikshaa Padhi
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P.O., Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P.O., Bangalore, 560064, India
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20
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Eissa IH, Dahab MA, Ibrahim MK, Alsaif NA, Alanazi AZ, Eissa SI, Mehany ABM, Beauchemin AM. Design and discovery of new antiproliferative 1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-ones as tubulin polymerization inhibitors targeting colchicine binding site. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104965. [PMID: 34020238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-five new colchicine binding site inhibitors have been designed and synthesized based on the 1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-one nucleus. Such molecules were synthesized through a cascade reaction between readily accessible α-amino ketones and phenyl carbazate as a masked N-isocyanate precursor. The synthesized derivatives are cisoid restricted combretastatin A4 analogues containing 1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-one in place of the olefinic bond, and they have the same essential pharmacophoric features of colchicine binding site inhibitors. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antiproliferative activities against a panel of three human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HepG-2, and HCT-116), using colchicine as a positive control. Among them, two compounds 5i and 6i demonstrated a significant antiproliferative effect against all cell lines with IC50 ranging from 8.2 - 18.2 µM. Further investigation was carried out for the most active cytotoxic agents as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Compounds 5i and 6i effectively inhibited microtubule assembly with IC50 values ranging from 3.9 to 7.8 µM. Tubulin polymerization assay results were found to be comparable with the cytotoxicity results. The cell cycle analysis revealed significant G2/M cell cycle arrest of the analogue 5i in HepG-2 cells. The most active compounds 4i, 4j, 5 g, 5i and 6i did not induce significant cell death in normal human lung cells Wl-38, suggesting their selectivity against cancer cells. Also, These compounds upregulated the level of active caspase-3 and boosted the levels of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax by five to seven folds in comparison to the control. Moreover, apoptosis analyses were conducted for compound 5i to evaluate its apoptotic potential. Finally, in silico studies were conducted to reveal the probable interaction with the colchicine binding site. ADME prediction study of the designed compounds showed that they are not only with promising tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity but also with favorable pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N6N5, Canada.
| | - Mohamed K Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Nawaf A Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Z Alanazi
- Department of pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sally I Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - André M Beauchemin
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N6N5, Canada
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21
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Perin N, Hok L, Beč A, Persoons L, Vanstreels E, Daelemans D, Vianello R, Hranjec M. N-substituted benzimidazole acrylonitriles as in vitro tubulin polymerization inhibitors: Synthesis, biological activity and computational analysis. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 211:113003. [PMID: 33248847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We present the design, synthesis and biological activity of novel N-substituted benzimidazole based acrylonitriles as potential tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Their synthesis was achieved using classical linear organic and microwave assisted techniques, starting from aromatic aldehydes and N-substituted-2-cyanomethylbenzimidazoles. All newly prepared compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activity in vitro on eight human cancer cell lines and one reference non-cancerous assay. N,N-dimethylamino substituted acrylonitriles 30 and 41, bearing N-isobutyl and cyano substituents placed on the benzimidazole nuclei, showed strong and selective antiproliferative activity in the submicromolar range of inhibitory concentrations (IC50 0.2-0.6 μM), while being significantly less toxic than reference systems docetaxel and staurosporine, thus promoting them as lead compounds. Mechanism of action studies demonstrated that two most active compounds inhibited tubulin polymerization. Computational analysis confirmed the suitability of the employed benzimidazole-acrylonitrile skeleton for the binding within the colchicine binding site in tubulin, thus rationalizing the observed antitumor activities, and demonstrated that E-isomers are active substances. It also provided structural determinants affecting both the binding position and the matching affinities, identifying the attached NMe2 group as the most dominant in promoting the binding, which allows ligands to optimize favourable cation∙∙∙π and hydrogen bonding interactions with Lys352.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Perin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 19, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - L Hok
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Beč
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 19, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - L Persoons
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Vanstreels
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Daelemans
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Vianello
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - M Hranjec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 19, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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