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Du LQ, Yang Y, Ruan L, Sun S, Mo DY, Cai JY, Liang H, Shu S, Qin QP. Insights into the antineoplastic activity and mechanisms of action of coumarin-coordinated 8-hydroxyquinoline ruthenium(II/III) compounds. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 259:112659. [PMID: 38976937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II/III) coordination compounds have gained widespread attention as chemotherapy drugs, photosensitizers, and photodynamic therapy reagents. Herein, a family of 11 novel coumarin-coordinated 8-hydroxyquinoline ruthenium(II/III) compounds, i.e., [RuII2(μ2-Cl)2(QL1a)2(DMSO)4] (YNU-4a = Yulin Normal University-4a), [RuII2(μ2-Cl)2(QL1b)2(DMSO)4] (YNU-4b), [RuII2(μ2-Cl)2(QL1c)2(DMSO)4] (YNU-4c), [RuII2(μ2-Cl)2(QL1d)2(DMSO)4]⋅2CH3OH (YNU-4d), [RuII(QL1e)2(DMSO)2] (YNU-4e), [RuIII(QL1e)2(QL3a)] (YNU-4f), [RuIII(QL1e)2(QL3b)] (YNU-4g), [RuIII(QL1e)2(QL3c)] (YNU-4h), [RuIICl2(H-QL3a)2(DMSO)2] (YNU-4i), [RuIICl2(H-QL3b)2(DMSO)2] (YNU-4j), and [RuIICl2(H-QL3c)2(DMSO)2] (YNU-4k), featuring the coligands 5,7-diiodo-8-hydroxyquinoline (H-QL1a), 5,7-dichloro-8-quinolinol (H-QL1b), 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinolin (H-QL1c), 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline (H-QL1d), and 5,7-dichloro-8-hydroxy-2-methylquinoline (H-QL1e) and the main ligands 6,7-dichloro-3-pyridin-2-yl-chromen-2-one (H-QL3a), 6-bromo-3-pyridin-2-yl-chromen-2-one (H-QL3b), and 6-chloro-3-pyridin-2-yl-chromen-2-one (H-QL3c), respectively. The structure of compounds YNU-4a-YNU-4k was fully confirmed by conducting various spectroscopic analyses. The anticancer activity of YNU-4a-YNU-4k was evaluated in cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP lung cancer cells (LC549) versus normal embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Notably, compound YNU-4f bearing QL1e and QL3a ligands showed a more pronounced antiproliferative effect against LC549 cells (IC50 = 1.75 ± 0.09 μM) with high intrinsic selectivity toward LC549 cancer cells than YNU-4a-YNU-4e, H-QL1a-H-QL1e, cisplatin (PDD), YNU-4g-YNU-4k, and H-QL3a-H-QL3c. Additionally, a colocalization assay analysis of YNU-4e and YNU-4f showed that these two ruthenium(II/III) compounds were subcellularly accumulated in the mitochondria and other regions of the cytoplasm, where they induce mitophagy, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) reduction, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I/IV(RC1/RC4) inhibition, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Accordingly, compounds YNU-4a-YNU-4k can be regarded as mitophagy inductors for the eradication of cisplatin-resistant LC549 cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Qi Du
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources, Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources, Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, China; School of food and chemical engineering, Liuzhou Institute of Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, China
| | - Li Ruan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources, Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Song Sun
- School of food and chemical engineering, Liuzhou Institute of Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, China
| | - Dong-Yin Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources, Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Cai
- School of food and chemical engineering, Liuzhou Institute of Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, China.
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Sai Shu
- School of food and chemical engineering, Liuzhou Institute of Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources, Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, China; State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, China.
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Huang XQ, Wu RC, Liang JM, Zhou Z, Qin QP, Liang H. Anticancer activity of 8-hydroxyquinoline-triphenylphosphine rhodium(III) complexes targeting mitophagy pathways. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116478. [PMID: 38718624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Metallodrugs exhibiting distinct mechanisms of action compared with cisplatin hold promise for overcoming cisplatin resistance and improving the efficacy of anticancer drugs. In this study, a new series of rhodium (Rh)(III) complexes containing tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) chloride [(TPP)3RhCl] (TPP = triphenylphosphine, TPP=O = triphenylphosphine oxide) and 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives (H-XR1-H-XR4), namely [Rh(XR1)2(TPP)Cl]·(TPP=O) (Yulin Normal University-1a [YNU-1a]), [Rh(XR2)2(TPP)Cl] (YNU-1b), [Rh(XR3)2(TPP)Cl] (YNU-1c), and [Rh(XR4)2(TPP)Cl] (YNU-1d), was synthesized and characterized via X-ray diffraction, mass spectrometry and IR. The cytotoxicity of the compounds YNU-1a-YNU-1d in Hep-G2 and HCC1806 human cancer cell lines and normal HL-7702 cell line was evaluated. YNU-1c exhibited cytotoxicity and selectivity in HCC1806 cells (IC50 = 0.13 ± 0.06 μM, selectivity factor (SF) = 384.6). The compounds YNU-1b and YNU-1c, which were selected for mechanistic studies, induced the activation of apoptotic pathways and mitophagy. In addition, these compounds released cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3/pro-caspase-3 and downregulated the levels of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I/IV (M1 and M4) and ATP. The compound YNU-1c, which was selected for in vivo experiments, exhibited tumor growth inhibition (58.9 %). Importantly, hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL revealed that HCC1806 tumor tissues exhibited significant apoptotic characteristics. YNU-1a-YNU-1d compounds are promising drug candidates that can be used to overcome cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiong Huang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Run-Chun Wu
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Jian-Min Liang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China.
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China; State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
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Wang Y, Pei P, Yang K, Guo L, Li Y. Copper in colorectal cancer: From copper-related mechanisms to clinical cancer therapies. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1724. [PMID: 38804588 PMCID: PMC11131360 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper, a trace element and vital cofactor, plays a crucial role in the maintenance of biological functions. Recent evidence has established significant correlations between copper levels, cancer development and metastasis. The strong redox-active properties of copper offer both benefits and disadvantages to cancer cells. The intestinal tract, which is primarily responsible for copper uptake and regulation, may suffer from an imbalance in copper homeostasis. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most prevalent primary cancer of the intestinal tract and is an aggressive malignant disease with limited therapeutic options. Current research is primarily focused on the relationship between copper and CRC. Innovative concepts, such as cuproplasia and cuproptosis, are being explored to understand copper-related cellular proliferation and death. Cuproplasia is the regulation of cell proliferation that is mediated by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic copper-modulated activities. Whereas, cuproptosis refers to cell death induced by excess copper via promoting the abnormal oligomerisation of lipoylated proteins within the tricarboxylic acid cycle, as well as by diminishing the levels of iron-sulphur cluster proteins. A comprehensive understanding of copper-related cellular proliferation and death mechanisms offers new avenues for CRC treatment. In this review, we summarise the evolving molecular mechanisms, ranging from abnormal intracellular copper concentrations to the copper-related proteins that are being discovered, and discuss the role of copper in the pathogenesis, progression and potential therapies for CRC. Understanding the relationship between copper and CRC will help provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation for innovative treatment strategies in CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wang
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Pei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Dilshad S, Shabnam, Ali A, Firdaus S, Ahmad M, Ahmad A. Suppression of human lysozyme aggregation by a novel copper-based complex of 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37578054 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2246567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new Cu(II)-based complex as a chemotherapeutic drug agent, formulated as[Cu(DCA)4(H2O)2]⋅4H2O⋅4MeOH, (DCA = 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid), namely 1 was successfully synthesized utilizing DCA as a ligand to arrest fibrillation in Human lysozyme. The 1 was thoroughly characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD), spectroscopic (UV-Vis and FTIR) techniques, PXRD, and TGA analysis. Its crystal structure reveals a paddle wheel network around central copper metal ions. The Cu(II) metal ions exhibit a distorted square pyramidal configuration. The fluorescence titration studies showed moderate binding interaction of 1 with HuL with Ka of 6.3x105 M-1 at pH-2, 25 °C due to its interaction withAsp53, Tyr63, Val110, and Ala111 as shown by docking and simulation studies. 1suppresses the HuL fibrillation in a concentration-dependent manner, as demonstrated by ThT assay. At 200 µM concentration, it leads to the formation of smaller species of the protein in comparison to the control sample, as suggested by Light Scattering studies. The species formed are less hydrophobic and retain their native α-helix structure compared to the control samples, which are hydrophobic and form β-sheet rich amyloids as shown by ANS hydrophobicity assay and CD spectroscopy, respectively. Furthermore, morphological analysis of the species by AFM has demonstrated that, unlike mature amyloid fibrils in the control sample, HuL forms small-size aggregates in the presence of 1 under similar fibrillation conditions. It can be concluded that 1 effectively suppresses HuL fibrillation due to moderate binding to the protein.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumra Dilshad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, ZHCET, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Shabnam
- Biophysical Chemistry Lab, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Arif Ali
- Department of Applied Chemistry, ZHCET, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Shama Firdaus
- Department of Applied Chemistry, ZHCET, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Musheer Ahmad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, ZHCET, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Aiman Ahmad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, ZHCET, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Dimitrijević JD, Solovjova N, Bukonjić AM, Tomović DL, Milinkovic M, Caković A, Bogojeski J, Ratković ZR, Janjić GV, Rakić AA, Arsenijevic NN, Milovanovic MZ, Milovanovic JZ, Radić GP, Jevtić VV. Docking Studies, Cytotoxicity Evaluation and Interactions of Binuclear Copper(II) Complexes with S-Isoalkyl Derivatives of Thiosalicylic Acid with Some Relevant Biomolecules. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12504. [PMID: 37569878 PMCID: PMC10420076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The numerous side effects of platinum based chemotherapy has led to the design of new therapeutics with platinum replaced by another transition metal. Here, we investigated the interactions of previously reported copper(II) complexes containing S-isoalkyl derivatives, the salicylic acid with guanosine-5'-monophosphate and calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and their antitumor effects, in a colon carcinoma model. All three copper(II) complexes exhibited an affinity for binding to CT-DNA, but there was no indication of intercalation or the displacement of ethidium bromide. Molecular docking studies revealed a significant affinity of the complexes for binding to the minor groove of B-form DNA, which coincided with DNA elongation, and a higher affinity for binding to Z-form DNA, supporting the hypothesis that the complex binding to CT-DNA induces a local transition from B-form to Z-form DNA. These complexes show a moderate, but selective cytotoxic effect toward colon cancer cells in vitro. Binuclear complex of copper(II) with S-isoamyl derivative of thiosalicylic acid showed the highest cytotoxic effect, arrested tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory molecules pro-IL-1β, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in the tissue of primary heterotopic murine colon cancer, which was accompanied by a significantly reduced tumor growth and metastases in the lung and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena D. Dimitrijević
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.Z.M.); (J.Z.M.)
| | - Natalija Solovjova
- Academy of Applied Studies Belgrade, The College of Health Science, Cara Dušana 254, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Andriana M. Bukonjić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.M.B.); (D.L.T.)
| | - Dušan Lj. Tomović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.M.B.); (D.L.T.)
| | - Mirjana Milinkovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.Z.M.); (J.Z.M.)
| | - Angelina Caković
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovic 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.C.); (J.B.); (Z.R.R.)
| | - Jovana Bogojeski
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovic 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.C.); (J.B.); (Z.R.R.)
| | - Zoran R. Ratković
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovic 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.C.); (J.B.); (Z.R.R.)
| | - Goran V. Janjić
- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade-Institute of Chemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandra A. Rakić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nebojsa N. Arsenijevic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija Z. Milovanovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.Z.M.); (J.Z.M.)
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Jelena Z. Milovanovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.Z.M.); (J.Z.M.)
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gordana P. Radić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.M.B.); (D.L.T.)
| | - Verica V. Jevtić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovic 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.C.); (J.B.); (Z.R.R.)
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Wang J, Tao Z, Wang B, Xie Y, Wang Y, Li B, Cao J, Qiao X, Qin D, Zhong S, Hu X. Cuproptosis-related risk score predicts prognosis and characterizes the tumor microenvironment in colon adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152681. [PMID: 37333810 PMCID: PMC10272849 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cuproptosis is a novel copper-dependent regulatory cell death (RCD), which is closely related to the occurrence and development of multiple cancers. However, the potential role of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains unclear. Methods Transcriptome, somatic mutation, somatic copy number alteration and the corresponding clinicopathological data of COAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). Difference, survival and correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate the characteristics of CRGs in COAD patients. Consensus unsupervised clustering analysis of CRGs expression profile was used to classify patients into different cuproptosis molecular and gene subtypes. TME characteristics of different molecular subtypes were investigated by using Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Next, CRG Risk scoring system was constructed by applying logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) cox regression analysis and multivariate cox analysis. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to exam the expression of key Risk scoring genes. Results Our study indicated that CRGs had relatively common genetic and transcriptional variations in COAD tissues. We identified three cuproptosis molecular subtypes and three gene subtypes based on CRGs expression profile and prognostic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) expression profile, and found that changes in multilayer CRGs were closely related to the clinical characteristics, overall survival (OS), different signaling pathways, and immune cell infiltration of TME. CRG Risk scoring system was constructed according to the expression of 7 key cuproptosis-related risk genes (GLS, NOX1, HOXC6, TNNT1, GLS, HOXC6 and PLA2G12B). RT-qPCR and IHC indicated that the expression of GLS, NOX1, HOXC6, TNNT1 and PLA2G12B were up-regulated in tumor tissues, compared with those in normal tissues, and all of GLS, HOXC6, NOX1 and PLA2G12B were closely related with patient survival. In addition, high CRG risk scores were significantly associated with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), tumor mutation burden (TMB), cancer stem cell (CSC) indices, stromal and immune scores in TME, drug susceptibility, as well as patient survival. Finally, a highly accurate nomogram was constructed to promote the clinical application of the CRG Risk scoring system. Discussion Our comprehensive analysis showed that CRGs were greatly associated with TME, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis of patient with COAD. These findings may promote our understanding of CRGs in COAD, providing new insights for physicians to predict prognosis and develop more precise and individualized therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Wang
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Tao
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Biyun Wang
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhao Xie
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Cao
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaosu Qiao
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Qin
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanliang Zhong
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Xichun Hu
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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Niu D, Wang D, Fan L, Liu Z, Chen M, Zhang W, Liu Y, Xu J, Liu Y. The copper (II) complex of salicylate phenanthroline inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:1384-1394. [PMID: 36891644 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effect and associated molecular mechanisms of the copper (II) complex of salicylate phenanthroline [Cu(sal)(phen)] against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cu(sal)(phen) inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells (HepG2 and HCC-LM9) and induced apoptosis of HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner by upregulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The expression of the antiapoptotic proteins survivin and Bcl-2 was decreased, while the expression of the DNA damage marker γ-H2 AX and the apoptotic marker cleaved PARP was upregulated with Cu(sal)(phen) treatment. In vivo, the growth of HepG2 subcutaneous xenograft tumors was greatly attenuated by Cu(sal)(phen) treatment. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the expression of survivin, Bcl-2, and Ki67 in the tumor was downregulated by Cu(sal)(phen). Toxicity experiments with BALB/c mice revealed that Cu(sal)(phen) is a relatively safe drug. Our results indicate that Cu(sal)(phen) possesses great potential as a therapeutic drug for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqin Niu
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Limei Fan
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixin Liu
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Chen
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiran Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhua Xu
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunyi Liu
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Institute of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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Njenga LW, Mbugua SN, Odhiambo RA, Onani MO. Addressing the gaps in homeostatic mechanisms of copper and copper dithiocarbamate complexes in cancer therapy: a shift from classical platinum-drug mechanisms. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:5823-5847. [PMID: 37021641 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00366c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The platinum drug, cisplatin, is considered as among the most successful medications in cancer treatment. However, due to its inherent toxicity and resistance limitations, research into other metal-based non-platinum anticancer medications with diverse mechanisms of action remains an active field. In this regard, copper complexes feature among non-platinum compounds which have shown promising potential as effective anticancer drugs. Moreover, the interesting discovery that cancer cells can alter their copper homeostatic processes to develop resistance to platinum-based treatments leads to suggestions that some copper compounds can indeed re-sensitize cancer cells to these drugs. In this work, we review copper and copper complexes bearing dithiocarbamate ligands which have shown promising results as anticancer agents. Dithiocarbamate ligands act as effective ionophores to convey the complexes of interest into cells thereby influencing the metal homeostatic balance and inducing apoptosis through various mechanisms. We focus on copper homeostasis in mammalian cells and on our current understanding of copper dysregulation in cancer and recent therapeutic breakthroughs using copper coordination complexes as anticancer drugs. We also discuss the molecular foundation of the mechanisms underlying their anticancer action. The opportunities that exist in research for these compounds and their potential as anticancer agents, especially when coupled with ligands such as dithiocarbamates, are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia W Njenga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Simon N Mbugua
- Department of Chemistry, Kisii University, P.O. Box 408-40200, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Ruth A Odhiambo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Martin O Onani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Belville, 7535, South Africa
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9
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Structural, Theoretical Investigations, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, and Cytotoxicity Profile of a Neocuproine-Co(II)-Based Discrete Homodinuclear Complex. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:871-888. [PMID: 36219332 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we aimed to synthesize a new cobalt(II) complex, namely [Co2(μ-HIPA)(NC)2(H2O)3(NO3)]·(NO3)(C2H5OH)(1) (where H3IPA = 5-hydroxy isophthalic acid and NC = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline or neocuproine), as a promising chemotherapeutic agent. The diffraction (single crystal-XRD and powder-XRD), spectroscopic (FTIR and UV-visible), molar conductance, and thermal techniques were used to characterize complex 1. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that Co(II) exists in an octahedral geometry, with the ligation of four oxygen atoms, and two nitrogen atoms. Topological analysis of complex 1 reveals 2,6C6 topological type as an underlying net. The plausible intermolecular interactions within complex 1 that control the crystal packing were analyzed by Hirshfeld surface analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity of complex 1 was evaluated against acute myeloid leukemia (THP-1), colorectal (SW480), and prostate (PC-3) cancer cell lines by utilizing an MTT assay. The result shows that complex 1 can inhibit the growth of cancer cells (THP-1, SW480, and PC-3) at lower inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of > 100, 43.6, and 95.1 µM respectively. The morphological changes induced by complex 1 on THP-1 and SW480 cancer cell lines were carried out with acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining methods. Additionally, comprehensive molecular docking studies were performed to understand the potential binding interactions of complex 1 with different bio-macromolecules.
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10
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Kang Y, Sun X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Huang W. Water-Soluble Copper-Based Simulated Enzyme: Biomimetic Synthesis and Activities in Vitro. CHINESE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2023.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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11
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Yang Y, Liang S, Geng H, Xiong M, Li M, Su Q, Jia F, Zhao Y, Wang K, Jiang J, Qin S, Li X. Proteomics revealed the crosstalk between copper stress and cuproptosis, and explored the feasibility of curcumin as anticancer copper ionophore. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:638-647. [PMID: 36395954 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As an essential micronutrient element in organisms, copper controls a host of fundamental cellular functions. Recently, copper-dependent cell growth and proliferation have been defined as "cuproplasia". Conversely, "cuproptosis" represents copper-dependent cell death, in a nonapoptotic manner. So far, a series of copper ionophores have been developed to kill cancer cells. However, the biological response mechanism of copper uptake has not been systematically analyzed. Based on quantitative proteomics, we revealed the crosstalk between copper stress and cuproptosis in cancer cells, and also explored the feasibility of curcumin as anticancer copper ionophore. Copper stress not only couples with cuproptosis, but also leads to reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress, oxidative damage and cell cycle arrest. In cancer cells, a feedback cytoprotection mechanism involving cuproptosis mediators was discovered. During copper treatment, the activation of glutamine transporters and the loss of Fe-S cluster proteins are the facilitators and results of cuproptosis, respectively. Through copper depletion, glutathione (GSH) blocks the cuproptosis process, rescues the activation of glutamine transporters, and prevents the loss of Fe-S cluster proteins, except for protecting cancer cells from apoptosis, protein degradation and oxidative damage. In addition, the copper ionophore curcumin can control the metabolisms of lipids, RNA, NADH and NADPH in colorectal cancer cells, and also up-regulates positive cuproptosis mediators. This work not only established the crosstalk between copper stress and cuproptosis, but also discolored the suppression and acceleration of cuproptosis by GSH and curcumin, respectively. Our results are significant for understanding cuproptosis process and developing novel anticancer reagents based on cuproptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shuyu Liang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongen Geng
- School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Xiong
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Man Li
- School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qian Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 401120, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Fang Jia
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yimei Zhao
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Si Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 401120, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China.
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12
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Cele N, Awolade P, Dhawan S, Khubone L, Raza A, Sharma AK, Singh P. Quinoline–1,3,4-Oxadiazole Conjugates: Synthesis, Anticancer Evaluation, and Molecular Modelling Studies. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2117205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nosipho Cele
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Paul Awolade
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sanjeev Dhawan
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Lungisani Khubone
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Asif Raza
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Arun K. Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Parvesh Singh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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13
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Li W, Wu X, Liu H, Shi C, Yuan Y, Bai L, Liao X, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity and antitumor activity in vivo of iridium(III) complexes liposomes targeting endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 233:111868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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14
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Collaboration between 3d-4f metal centers of heterodimetallic Ni(II)-Gd(III) complex in catecholase activity and interaction with FS-DNA & BSA. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Alkahtani S, Alarifi S, Aljarba NH, Alghamdi HA, Alkahtane AA. Mesoporous SBA-15 Silica-Loaded Nano-formulation of Quercetin: A Probable Radio-Sensitizer for Lung Carcinoma. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258211050532. [PMID: 35110975 PMCID: PMC8777362 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211050532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is considered as one of the most serious disease worldwide. The progress of drug carriers based on nonmaterial, which selectively hold chemotherapeutic agents to cancer cells, has become a major focus in biomedical research. This study aimed to evaluate the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of the human lung cancer cells (A-549) by Q-loaded SBA-15 conjugate system. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SBA-15) as host materials for transporting therapeutics medicaments were fabricated for targeted drug delivery toward lung cancer. With the objective of increasing bioavailability and aqueous solubility of flavonoids, SBA-15 was successfully loaded with the quercetin (Q)-a major flavonoid and characterized with the help of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The biological investigation on A549 cell line confirmed that the efficacy of Q-SBA-15 is much higher than only Q. Moreover, the apoptotic pathway of synthesized Q-SBA-15 NPs examined that the Q-SBA-15-mediated apoptosis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, the newly conjugated Q-SBA-15 system improved the apoptotic fate through caspase-mediated apoptosis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and hence, it can be potentially employed as an anticancer agent for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada H. Aljarba
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamzah A. Alghamdi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alkahtane
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Ali A, Banerjee S, Kamaal S, Usman M, Das N, Afzal M, Alarifi A, Sepay N, Roy P, Ahmad M. Ligand substituent effect on the cytotoxicity activity of two new copper(ii) complexes bearing 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives: validated by MTT assay and apoptosis in MCF-7 cancer cell line (human breast cancer). RSC Adv 2021; 11:14362-14373. [PMID: 35423979 PMCID: PMC8697721 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00172h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have examined the effect of ligand substituent on the structure-cytotoxicity relationships of the MCF-7 cancer cell line (human breast cancer), by two copper(ii) complexes {[Cu(qmbn)(Hqmba)(q)]·NO3·2H2O} (1) and {[Cu(Hqmba)2(q)]·NO3·2H2O} (2) (where, qmbn = 2-(quinolin-8-yloxy)(methyl) benzonitrile (L1); Hqmba = 2-((quinolin-8-yloxy)methyl)benzoic acid (L2) and q = quinolin-8-olate). The structural analysis reveals that both the complexes exhibit distorted octahedral (CuN3O3) configuration which is further corroborated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The cytotoxicity impact of ligands (L1 and L2) and complexes (1 and 2) was screened against the MCF-7 cell line (human breast cancer). The MTT assay uptake indicated that the presence of -COOH functionality in complex 2 leads to higher cytotoxicity (lower IC50) than that observed for complex 1 containing a -CN group. This could be due to the strong H-bonding forming propensity of the carboxylic acids. Incubation of MCF-7 cancer cells with IC50 concentrations of 1 and 2 promoted cellular detachments via nuclear condensation and membrane destabilization followed by apoptosis as a result of metal-assisted generation of reactive oxygen species. Flow cytometry analysis showed that 1 and 2 might prompt early apoptosis in MCF-7 cells as the maximum percentage of cells appeared in the LR quadrant. Furthermore, mRNA expression analysis confirmed that both the complexes induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Comparative mRNA expression analysis of complexes with their respective ligands also confirmed the enhanced apoptotic behavior of complexes. Furthermore, molecular docking studies of the complexes have also been performed with the active site of EGFR kinase receptors (major target for any cancer causing agent) due to similar analogues with FDA-approved EGFR inhibitors in order to rationalize its promising cytotoxicity activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Ali
- Department of Applied Chemistry, ZHCET, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh-202002 India
| | - Somesh Banerjee
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee Uttarakhand-247667 India
| | - Saima Kamaal
- Department of Applied Chemistry, ZHCET, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh-202002 India
| | - Mohammad Usman
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 208016 India
| | - Neeladrisingha Das
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee Uttarakhand-247667 India
| | - Mohd Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh-11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alarifi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh-11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayim Sepay
- Department of Chemistry, Lady Brabourne College Kolkata-700 017 India
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee Uttarakhand-247667 India
| | - Musheer Ahmad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, ZHCET, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh-202002 India
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17
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Molecular designing, crystal structure determination and in silico screening of copper(II) complexes bearing 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives as anti-COVID-19. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104772. [PMID: 33676041 PMCID: PMC7902223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The pandemic by COVID-19 is hampering everything on the earth including physical and mental health, daily life and global economy. At the moment, there are no defined drugs, while few vaccines are available in the market to combat SARS-CoV-2. Several organic molecules were designed and tested against the virus but they did not show promising activity. In this work we designed two copper complexes from the ligands analogues with chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine. Both the ligands and complexes were well characterized by using various spectroscopic, thermal and X-ray diffraction techniques. Both the complexes as well as ligands were screened through in silico method with the chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine which essentially proved pivotal for successful understanding towards the target protein and their mechanism of action. The results indicated that the balanced hydrophobic and polar groups in the complexes favor their binding in the active site of the viral ADP-ribose-1 monophosphatase enzyme over the parent organic molecules.
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18
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Goel N, Gajbhiye RL, Saha M, Nagendra C, Reddy AM, Ravichandiran V, Das Saha K, Jaisankar P. A comparative assessment of in vitro cytotoxic activity and phytochemical profiling of Andrographis nallamalayana J.L.Ellis and Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS approach. RSC Adv 2021; 11:35918-35936. [PMID: 35492784 PMCID: PMC9043227 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07496b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees and Andrographis nallamalayana J.L.Ellis have traditionally been used to treat various ailments such as mouth ulcers, intermittent fever, inflammation, snake bite. This study compares the comparative in vitro cytotoxic activity, and phytochemical profiling of methanol extract of A. nallamalayana (ANM) and A. paniculata (APM). UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis has been performed. The cytotoxic activity of crude methanol extracts were evaluated against three different cancer cell lines (HCT 116, HepG2, and A549 cell line). Both plants' extract exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against tested cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. IC50 of ANM and APM in HCT 116 cell was 11.71 ± 2.48 μg ml−1 and 45.32 ± 0.86 μg ml−1 and in HepG2 cell line was 15.65 ± 2.25 μg ml−1 and 60.32 ± 1.05 μg ml−1 respectively. Cytotoxicity of these two extracts was comparatively similar in A549 cells. ANM induced cytotoxicity involved programmed cell death, externalisation of phosphatidylserine, ROS generation, up-regulation and down-regulation of major apoptotic markers. HRMS analysis of ANM and APM resulted in the identification of 59 and 42 compounds, respectively. Further, using the MS/MS fragmentation approach, 20 compounds, of which 18 compounds were identified for the first time from ANM, which belongs to phenolic acids, flavonoids, and their glycosides. Three known compounds, echioidinin, skullcapflavone I and 5,2′,6′-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone 2′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, were isolated from A. nallamalayana and their crystal structures were reported for the first time. Subsequently, seven major compounds were identified in A. nallamalayana by direct comparison (retention time and UV-spectra) with authentic commercial standards and isolated compounds using HPLC-UV analysis. The cytotoxicity of phytochemicals from both the plants using in silico tools also justify their in vitro cytotoxic activity. It is the first report on the comparative characterisation of phytochemicals present in the methanolic extract of both the species of Andrographis, along with the cytotoxic activity of A. nallamalayana. A comparative study of two Andrographis species have been done, and it was found that Andrographis nallamalayana J.L.Ellis is phytochemically and biologically different from Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Narender Goel
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Kolkata), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, 700054, Kolkata, India
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Biology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Rahul L. Gajbhiye
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Kolkata), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, 700054, Kolkata, India
| | - Moumita Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Chennuru Nagendra
- Department of Botany, Yogi Vemana University, Vemanapuram, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh 516005, India
| | | | - V. Ravichandiran
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Kolkata), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, 700054, Kolkata, India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Parasuraman Jaisankar
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Biology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India
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