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Chen S, Wang S. The immune mechanism of the nasal epithelium in COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1045009. [PMID: 37529051 PMCID: PMC10387544 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1045009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During the first waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, olfactory dysfunction (OD) was reported as a frequent clinical sign. The nasal epithelium is one of the front-line protections against viral infections, and the immune responses of the nasal mucosa may be associated with OD. Two mechanisms underlying OD occurrence in COVID-19 have been proposed: the infection of sustentacular cells and the inflammatory reaction of the nasal epithelium. The former triggers OD and the latter likely prolongs OD. These two alternative mechanisms may act in parallel; the infection of sustentacular cells is more important for OD occurrence because sustentacular cells are more likely to be the entry point of SARS-CoV-2 than olfactory neurons and more susceptible to early injury. Furthermore, sustentacular cells abundantly express transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and play a major role in the olfactory epithelium. OD occurrence in COVID-19 has revealed crucial roles of sustentacular cells. This review aims to elucidate how immune responses of the nasal epithelium contribute to COVID-19-related OD. Understanding the underlying immune mechanisms of the nasal epithelium in OD may aid in the development of improved medical treatments for COVID-19-related OD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shufen Wang
- *Correspondence: Shunmei Chen, ; Shufen Wang,
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2
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Kim S. TMPRSS4, a type II transmembrane serine protease, as a potential therapeutic target in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:716-724. [PMID: 37009799 PMCID: PMC10167312 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteases are involved in almost all biological processes, implying their importance for both health and pathological conditions. Dysregulation of proteases is a key event in cancer. Initially, research identified their role in invasion and metastasis, but more recent studies have shown that proteases are involved in all stages of cancer development and progression, both directly through proteolytic activity and indirectly via regulation of cellular signaling and functions. Over the past two decades, a novel subfamily of serine proteases called type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs) has been identified. Many TTSPs are overexpressed by a variety of tumors and are potential novel markers of tumor development and progression; these TTSPs are possible molecular targets for anticancer therapeutics. The transmembrane protease serine 4 (TMPRSS4), a member of the TTSP family, is upregulated in pancreatic, colorectal, gastric, lung, thyroid, prostate, and several other cancers; indeed, elevated expression of TMPRSS4 often correlates with poor prognosis. Based on its broad expression profile in cancer, TMPRSS4 has been the focus of attention in anticancer research. This review summarizes up-to-date information regarding the expression, regulation, and clinical relevance of TMPRSS4, as well as its role in pathological contexts, particularly in cancer. It also provides a general overview of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and TTSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semi Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejon, 34141, Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejon, 34113, Korea.
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3
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Xu X, Sun T, Jing J. TMPRSS4 is a novel biomarker and correlated with immune infiltration in thyroid carcinoma. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:280. [PMID: 36380313 PMCID: PMC9667668 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01203-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane protease serine 4 (TMPRSS4) is a cancer-associated protease associated with prognosis in various types of cancer. Mechanistically, TMPRSS4 mainly regulates malignant phenotypes, such as tumor invasion and metastasis, by either the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) program or promoting the proliferation of cancer cells. To date, TMPRSS4 and immune infiltration in thyroid carcinoma (TC) are largely unknown. Thus, this paper evaluated the expression of TMPRSS4 in tumor tissue through the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database, and Oncomine, and its correlation with clinical parameters by UALCAN databases. Furthermore, we analyzed its prognostic value from Kaplan-Meier Plotter database, and the relationship between TMPRSS4 and the abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in TC in TISIDB, screening potential immune targets to explore novel mechanisms for the clinical management of TC. Finally, we assessed the correlation between TMPRSS4 and some immune markers to uncover a potential immune-related biomarker in TC patients by TIMER2.0. The results revealed that TMPRSS4 was highly expressed in TC and was also associated with lymphatic metastasis, advanced stage, histological subtype, and favorable clinical outcome. The stratified analysis based on immune cell content showed that decreased TMPRSS4 had worse prognosis in CD8+ T cell-enriched TC patients. TMPRSS4 was positively correlated with tumor immune infiltration and the expression of gene markers of immune cells. Notably, its expression was lower in the lymphocyte-depleted subtype than in other immunosubtypes in TC. Moreover, TMPRSS4 was closely related to chemokines as well as their receptors and the immunosuppressive checkpoints CTLA-4, PD-1, and HLA-G. In conclusion, TMPRSS4 may act as a novel biomarker predicting prognosis and immune infiltration in TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Xu
- Department of Etiology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Etiology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiexian Jing
- Department of Etiology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Wen JY, Fang YY, Chen G, He RQ, Huang HQ, Wang RS, Zeng DT, Huang WJ, Qin XG. Upregulation of the transmembrane protease serine 3 mRNA level in radioresistant colorectal cancer tissues. Biomark Med 2022; 16:693-715. [PMID: 35543030 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the clinical role of transmembrane protease serine 3 (TMPRSS3) in radioresistance and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Standardized mean difference (SMD) and summary area under the curve (AUC) of TMPRSS3 were calculated by combining all available high-throughput data globally. The prognostic significance of TMPRSS3 was determined by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Results: TMPRSS3 was remarkably upregulated in 198 CRC radioresistant cases compared with nonradioresistance (SMD = 0.38, AUC = 0.71). Overexpression of TMPRSS3 was observed in 1601 CRC patients compared with control subjects without CRC. TMPRSS3 was a risk factor for disease-free survival of CRC with the summarized hazard ratio 1.28. Conclusion: TMPRSS3 contributes to the radioresistance and unfavorable prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Wen
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China
| | - Ye-Ying Fang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China
| | - He-Qing Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China
| | - Ren-Sheng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China
| | - Da-Tong Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Redcross Hospital of Yulin city, no. 1 Jinwang Rd, Yuzhou District, Yulin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 537000, PR China
| | - Wei-Jian Huang
- Department of Pathology, Redcross Hospital of Yulin city, no. 1 Jinwang Rd, Yuzhou District, Yulin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 537000, PR China
| | - Xin-Gan Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China
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5
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Tazawa H, Suzuki T, Saito A, Ishikawa A, Komo T, Sada H, Shimada N, Hadano N, Onoe T, Sudo T, Shimizu Y, Kuraoka K, Tashiro H. Utility of TMPRSS4 as a Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target in Patients with Gastric Cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 26:305-313. [PMID: 34379296 PMCID: PMC8821072 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-021-05101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transmembrane serine protease 4 (TMPRSS4) belongs to the family of type II transmembrane serine proteases that are known to be upregulated in many malignant tumors. However, there is a paucity of studies documenting the clinical impact and biological effects of TMPRSS4 on gastric cancer (GC) patients who underwent surgery. METHODS Tissues samples were obtained from 105 patients with GC who underwent gastrectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, excluding those at stage I. The expression of TMPRSS4 was examined through immunohistochemical analysis. The association between TMPRSS4 expression and clinico-pathological features as well as prognosis was assessed. Moreover, the effects of TMPRSS4 expression on cell migration and sensitivity to 5-FU were investigated. RESULTS The expression rate of TMPRSS4 was 56.3% (59/105) in GC cases. The expression of TMPRSS4 was positively correlated with the depth of tumor (T) and venous (V) invasion. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates of the TMPRSS4-positive group was significantly lower than that of the TMPRSS4-negative group (p=0.0001 and p=0.005, respectively). Especially, there was significant differences in OS and RFS of patients with stage III cancer between the two groups (p=0.0064 and 0.012, respectively). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that TMPRSS4 expression and the stage of cancer were crucial prognostic factors for RFS. TMPRSS4-silenced GC cells exhibited increased sensitivity to 5-FU when compared with the non-specific control siRNA-transfected cells. CONCLUSION TMPRSS4 can be considered as a potential prognostic biomarker, especially for stage III, and a promising therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Tazawa
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Takahisa Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biochemical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akihisa Saito
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Ishikawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Komo
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Haruki Sada
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoto Hadano
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Onoe
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sudo
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yosuke Shimizu
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kuraoka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Tashiro
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center・Chugoku Cancer Center, 737-0023, 3-1, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biochemical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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6
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Xiao H, Zhang Z, Peng D, Wei C, Ma B. Type II transmembrane serine proteases 4 (TMPRSS4) promotes proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in endometrial carcinoma cells (HEC1A and Ishikawa) via activation of MAPK and AKT. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 25:211-218. [PMID: 34408809 PMCID: PMC8366621 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.1944311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in the developed countries. Type II transmembrane serine proteases 4 (TMPRSS4) is a newly discovered transmembrane protein, which may be related to the invasion, metastasis of the tumor and the poor prognosis. This study aims to investigate the role of TMPRSS4 in endometrial cancer and the detailed molecular mechanism. The results showed that TMPRSS4 was highly expressed in human endometrial cancer cells (HEC1A and Ishikawa). TMPRSS4 knockdown inhibited proliferation of endometrial cancer cells. In TMPRSS4 knockdown cells, the invasion of cells was significantly supressed. The expression of E-cadherin was significantly enhanced, while the levels of fibronectin and vimentin decreased in TMPRSS4 knockdown cells, which indicated thatTMPRSS4 knockdown attenuated the EMT of cancer cells. TMPRSS4 positively regulated the activation of MAPK and AKT signaling pathways in endometrial cancer. In conclusion, this study indicated that TMPRSS4 may be associated with the progression of endometrial cancer through promoting proliferation, invasion and EMT via activation of MAPK and AKT in endometrial cancer cells. TMPRSS4 may be a new and more effective target or therapeutic strategy for treating endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xiao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhian Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Peng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunqing Wei
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Benling Ma
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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7
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Carino A, Graziosi L, Marchianò S, Biagioli M, Marino E, Sepe V, Zampella A, Distrutti E, Donini A, Fiorucci S. Analysis of Gastric Cancer Transcriptome Allows the Identification of Histotype Specific Molecular Signatures With Prognostic Potential. Front Oncol 2021; 11:663771. [PMID: 34012923 PMCID: PMC8126708 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.663771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy but the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Therapy for gastric cancer remain largely suboptimal making the identification of novel therapeutic targets an urgent medical need. In the present study we have carried out a high-throughput sequencing of transcriptome expression in patients with gastric cancers. Twenty-four patients, among a series of 53, who underwent an attempt of curative surgery for gastric cancers in a single center, were enrolled. Patients were sub-grouped according to their histopathology into diffuse and intestinal types, and the transcriptome of the two subgroups assessed by RNAseq analysis and compared to the normal gastric mucosa. The results of this investigation demonstrated that the two histopathology phenotypes express two different patterns of gene expression. A total of 2,064 transcripts were differentially expressed between neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissues: 772 were specific for the intestinal type and 407 for the diffuse type. Only 885 transcripts were simultaneously differentially expressed by both tumors. The per pathway analysis demonstrated an enrichment of extracellular matrix and immune dysfunction in the intestinal type including CXCR2, CXCR1, FPR2, CARD14, EFNA2, AQ9, TRIP13, KLK11 and GHRL. At the univariate analysis reduced levels AQP9 was found to be a negative predictor of 4 years survival. In the diffuse type low levels CXCR2 and high levels of CARD14 mRNA were negative predictors of 4 years survival. In summary, we have identified a group of genes differentially regulated in the intestinal and diffuse histotypes of gastric cancers with AQP9, CARD14 and CXCR2 impacting on patients' prognosis, although CXCR2 is the only factor independently impacting overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Carino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigina Graziosi
- S.C.Gastroenterologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchianò
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Biagioli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marino
- S.C.Gastroenterologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Zampella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Annibale Donini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Fiorucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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8
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Gu J, Huang W, Zhang J, Wang X, Tao T, Yang L, Zheng Y, Liu S, Yang J, Zhu L, Wang H, Fan Y. TMPRSS4 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma by Activating ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628353. [PMID: 33816264 PMCID: PMC8012900 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane protease serine 4 (TMPRSS4) is upregulated in various kinds of human cancers, including pancreatic cancer. However, its biological function in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. In the current study, real-time qPCR, immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, and database (Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression) analysis revealed remarkable overexpression of TMPRSS4 in PDAC tissue as compared to non-tumor tissue. The TMPRSS4 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis of PDAC patients. Moreover, multivariate analysis revealed that TMPRSS4 serves as an independent risk factor in PDAC. We performed gain-and loss-of-function analysis and found that TMPRSS4 promotes cellular proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of PDAC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we showed that TMPRSS4 might promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis through activating ERK1/2 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. These findings were validated by using ERK1/2 phosphorylation inhibitor SCH772984 both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, this study suggests that TMPRSS4 is a proto-oncogene, which promotes initiation and progression of PDAC by controlling cell proliferation and apoptosis. Our findings indicate that TMPRSS4 could be a promising prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery I, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery I, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianxing Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery I, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ludi Yang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Songsong Liu
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Liwei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery I, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingfang Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery I, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Dong ZR, Sun D, Yang YF, Zhou W, Wu R, Wang XW, Shi K, Yan YC, Yan LJ, Yao CY, Chen ZQ, Zhi XT, Li T. TMPRSS4 Drives Angiogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Promoting HB-EGF Expression and Proteolytic Cleavage. Hepatology 2020; 72:923-939. [PMID: 31867749 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), a member of the epidermal growth factor family, plays a pivotal role in the progression of several malignancies, but its role and regulatory mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain obscure. Here, we report that transmembrane protease serine 4 (TMPRSS4) significantly enhanced the expression and proteolytic cleavage of HB-EGF to promote angiogenesis and HCC progression. APPROACH AND RESULTS A mechanistic analysis revealed that TMPRSS4 not only increased the transcriptional and translational levels of HB-EGF precursor, but also promoted its proteolytic cleavage by enhancing matrix metallopeptidase 9 expression through the EGF receptor/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin/ hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α signaling pathway. In addition, HB-EGF promoted HCC proliferation and invasion by the EGF receptor/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. The level of HB-EGF in clinical samples of serum or HCC tissues from patients with HCC was positively correlated with the expression of TMPRSS4 and the microvessel density, and was identified as a prognostic factor for overall survival and recurrence-free survival, which suggests that HB-EGF can serve as a potential therapeutic target for HCC. More importantly, we provide a demonstration that treatment with the HB-EGF inhibitor cross-reacting material 197 alone or in combination with sorafenib can significantly suppress angiogenesis and HCC progression. CONCLUSIONS HB-EGF can be regulated by TMPRSS4 to promote HCC proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis, and the combination of the HB-EGF inhibitor cross-reacting material 197 with sorafenib might be used for individualized treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Ru Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ya-Fei Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu-Chuan Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lun-Jie Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xu-Ting Zhi
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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10
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Sun JR, Kong CF, Lou YN, Yu R, Qu XK, Jia LQ. Genome-Wide Profiling of Alternative Splicing Signature Reveals Prognostic Predictor for Esophageal Carcinoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:796. [PMID: 32793288 PMCID: PMC7387693 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alternative splicing (AS) is a molecular event that drives protein diversity through the generation of multiple mRNA isoforms. Growing evidence demonstrates that dysregulation of AS is associated with tumorigenesis. However, an integrated analysis in identifying the AS biomarkers attributed to esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is largely unexplored. Methods AS percent-splice-in (PSI) data were obtained from the TCGA SpliceSeq database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was successively performed to identify the overall survival (OS)-associated AS events, followed by the construction of AS predictor through different splicing patterns. Then, a nomogram that combines the final AS predictor and clinicopathological characteristics was established. Finally, a splicing regulatory network was created according to the correlation between the AS events and the splicing factors (SF). Results We identified a total of 2389 AS events with the potential to be used as prognostic markers that are associated with the OS of ESCA patients. Based on splicing patterns, we then built eight AS predictors that are highly capable in distinguishing high- and low-risk patients, and in predicting ESCA prognosis. Notably, the area under curve (AUC) value for the exon skip (ES) prognostic predictor was shown to reach a score of 0.885, indicating that ES has the highest prediction strength in predicting ESCA prognosis. In addition, a nomogram that comprises the pathological stage and risk group was shown to be highly efficient in predicting the survival possibility of ESCA patients. Lastly, the splicing correlation network analysis revealed the opposite roles of splicing factors (SFs) in ESCA. Conclusion In this study, the AS events may provide reliable biomarkers for the prognosis of ESCA. The splicing correlation networks could provide new insights in the identification of potential regulatory mechanisms during the ESCA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rong Sun
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Fan Kong
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Gastroenterology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ni Lou
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Yu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Ke Qu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Rheumatism Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Qun Jia
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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11
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Wang C, Yang Y, Yin L, Wei N, Hong T, Sun Z, Yao J, Li Z, Liu T. Novel Potential Biomarkers Associated With Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Bladder Cancer Prognosis Identified by Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:931. [PMID: 32695668 PMCID: PMC7338771 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies in terms of incidence and recurrence worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify novel prognostic biomarkers related to BC progression utilizing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and further bioinformatic analysis. First, we constructed a co-expression network by using WGCNA among 274 TCGA-BLCA patients and preliminarily screened out four genes (CORO1C, TMPRSS4, PIK3C2B, and ZNF692) associated with advanced clinical traits. In support, GSE19915 and specimens from 124 patients were used to validate the genes selected by WGCNA; then, CORO1C and TMPRSS4 were confirmed as hub genes with strong prognostic values in BC. Moreover, the result of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) indicated that CORO1C and TMPRSS4 might be involved in the process of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) reversely. In addition, high expression of CORO1C was found to be significantly correlated with tumor-infiltrating neutrophils (TINs), a negative regulatory component that facilitates tumor distant progression and induces poor clinical outcome. In conclusion, our study first identified CORO1C and TMPRSS4 as vital regulators in the process of tumor progression through influencing EMT and could be developed to effective prognostic and therapeutic targets in future BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ningde Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting Hong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zuyu Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaxi Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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12
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Kim S, Ko D, Lee Y, Jang S, Lee Y, Lee IY, Kim S. Anti-cancer activity of the novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives IMD-0354 and KRT1853 through suppression of cancer cell invasion, proliferation, and survival mediated by TMPRSS4. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10003. [PMID: 31292507 PMCID: PMC6620293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of transmembrane serine protease 4 (TMPRSS4) correlates with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, and other cancer patients. Previously, we demonstrated that TMPRSS4 mediates tumor cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and metastasis. In addition, we reported novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives, IMD-0354 and KRT1853, as TMPRSS4 serine protease inhibitors. Here, we further evaluated the effects of the representative derivatives on TMPRSS4-mediated cellular function and signaling. IMD-0354 and KRT1853 inhibited cancer cell invasion, migration, and proliferation in TMPRSS4-expressing prostate, colon, and lung cancer cells. Both compounds suppressed TMPRSS4-mediated induction of Sp1/3, AP-1, and NF-κB transcription factors. Furthermore, TMPRSS4 promoted cancer cell survival and drug resistance, and both compounds enhanced anoikis sensitivity as well as reduced bcl-2 and survivin levels. Importantly, KRT1853 efficiently reduced tumor growth in prostate and colon cancer xenograft models. These results strongly recommend KRT1853 for further development as a novel anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solbi Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejon, 34113, Korea
| | - Dongjoon Ko
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejon, 34113, Korea
| | - Yunhee Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejon, 34141, Korea
| | - Seonghui Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejon, 34141, Korea
| | - Younghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejon, 34141, Korea
| | - Ill Young Lee
- Division of Drug Discovery Research, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejon, 34114, Korea
| | - Semi Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejon, 34141, Korea. .,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejon, 34113, Korea. .,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejon, 34141, Korea.
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13
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Yang Z, Sun Y, Liu R, Shi Y, Ding S. Plasma long noncoding RNAs PANDAR, FOXD2-AS1, and SMARCC2 as potential novel diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6175-6184. [PMID: 31308753 PMCID: PMC6613614 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s201935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is still a common cancer worldwide. Investigation of potential plasma biomarkers for gastric cancer diagnosis is essential for prevention strategies and early intervention for gastric cancer-control planning. Objectives This study was aimed to explore the lncRNAs' promoter of CDKN1A antisense DNA-damage-activated RNA (PANDAR), FOXD2-AS1, and SMARCC2 as potential novel diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer. Method 109 gastric cancer patients and 106 healthy controls were involved in this study. Plasma lncRNAs PANDAR, FOXD2-AS1, and SMARCC2 were detected by real-time PCR. Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test were used to verify the differences of clinical variables between two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of every biomarker. Multivariable analysis of risk factors for gastric cancer was performed using logistic regression analysis. Results There were significant differences in age, gender, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 153 between gastric cancer and healthy controls (P<0.05). Compared with healthy subjects, the levels of plasma lncRNAs PANDAR, FOXD2-AS1, and SMARCC2 were all significantly higher in gastric cancer patients (P<0.05). These lncRNAs were significantly associated with clinicopathological parameters of gastric cancer, like pathological differentiation, TNM stage, and/or lymph nodes metastasis, and/or invasion depth (P<0.05). The AUC for lncRNA PANDAR was 0.767, for FOXD2-AS1 was 0.700, for SMARCC2 was 0.748, and the AUC of the combinative diagnostic value of these three lncRNAs was 0.839. Adjusted by other variables, these lncRNAs' expressions were significantly associated with gastric cancer. Conclusions Plasma lncRNAs PANDAR, FOXD2-AS1, and SMARCC2 might be appropriate diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Sun
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfeng Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Shi
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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14
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Yang Z, Zhang J, Lin X, Wu D, Li G, Zhong C, Fang L, Jiang P, Yin L, Zhang L, Bie P, Xie CM. Inhibition of neddylation modification by MLN4924 sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:3257-3269. [PMID: 31002342 PMCID: PMC6489087 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib remains the standard care for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) even though it has low antitumor efficacy. Protein neddylation is abnormally activated in many types of human cancer. However, whether dysregulation of neddylation is involved in HCC progression and whether targeting neddylation sensitizes HCC cells to sorafenib need to be ascertained. In the present study, it was demonstrated that high expression of neddylation components, neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated 8 (NEDD8) and NEDD8-activating enzyme 1 (NAE1), were associated with poor survival of patients with HCC. Inhibition of neddylation by MLN4924, a small-molecule inhibitor of NAE1, significantly inhibited HCC growth, reduced clonogenic survival, increased apoptosis, and decreased migration capacity. Sorafenib alone exhibited minimal anticancer efficacy. However, a combination of sorafenib with MLN4924 at a low concentration significantly enhanced the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration as well as the induction of apoptosis induced by sorafenib. In vivo HCC xenograft mouse models also showed that MLN4924 increased the antitumor efficacy of sorafenib. Mechanistically, MLN4924 enhanced the antitumor activity of sorafenib in HCC cells via upregulation of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL)/Skp1-Cullin1-F box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase substrates p21, p27, Deptor and IκBɑ. Taken together, these findings suggest that combination therapy of MLN4924 with sorafenib appears to present an additive effect with a maximal in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Guixi Li
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Chunlian Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Lei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Liangyu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Leida Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Ping Bie
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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15
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Liu X, Wang J, Chen M, Liu S, Yu X, Wen F. Combining data from TCGA and GEO databases and reverse transcription quantitative PCR validation to identify gene prognostic markers in lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:709-720. [PMID: 30718962 PMCID: PMC6345189 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s183944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to predict and explore the possible mechanism and clinical value of genetic markers in the development of lung cancer with a combined database to screen the prognostic genes of lung cancer. Materials and methods Common differential genes in two gene expression chips (GSE3268 and GSE10072 datasets) were investigated by collecting and calculating from Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases using R language. Five markers of gene composition (ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 [RRM2], trophoblast glycoprotein [TPBG], transmembrane protease serine 4[TMPRFF4], chloride intracellular channel 3 [CLIC3], and WNT inhibitory factor-1 [WIF1]) were found by the stepwise Cox regression function when we further screened combinations of gene models, which were more meaningful for prognosis. By analyzing the correlation between gene markers and clinicopathological parameters of lung cancer and its effect on prognosis, the TPBG gene was selected to analyze differential expression, its possible pathways and functions were predicted using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and its protein interaction network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database; then, quantitative PCR and the Oncomine database were used to verify the expression differences of TPBG in lung cancer cells and tissues. Results The expression levels of five genetic markers were correlated with survival prognosis, and the total survival time of the patients with high expression of the genetic markers was shorter than those with low expression (P<0.001). GSEA showed that these high-expression samples enriched the gene sets of cell adhesion, cytokine receptor interaction pathway, extracellular matrix receptor pathway, adhesion pathway, skeleton protein regulation, cancer pathway and TGF-β pathway. Conclusion The high expression of five gene constituent markers is a poor prognostic factor in lung cancer and may serve as an effective biomarker for predicting metastasis and prognosis of patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China, .,Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China, .,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shilan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaodan Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuqiang Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China, .,Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China,
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16
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Lu H, Lei X, Zhang Q. Liver-specific knockout of histone methyltransferase G9a impairs liver maturation and dysregulates inflammatory, cytoprotective, and drug-processing genes. Xenobiotica 2018; 49:740-752. [PMID: 29912608 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1490044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methyltransferase G9a is essential for a key gene silencing mark, histone H3 dimethylation at lysine-9 (H3K9me2). Hepatic G9a expression is down-regulated by xenobiotics and diabetes. However, little is known about the role of G9a in liver. Thus, we generated mice with liver-specific knockout (Liv-KO) of G9a. Adult G9a Liv-KO mice had marked loss of H3K9me2 proteins in liver, without overt liver injury or infiltration of inflammatory cells. However, G9a-null livers had ectopic induction of certain genes normally expressed in neural and immune systems. Additionally, G9a-null livers had moderate down-regulation of cytoprotective genes, markedly altered expression of certain important drug-processing genes, elevated endogenous reactive oxygen species, induction of ER stress marker Chop, but decreased glutathione and nuclear Nrf2. microRNA-383, a negative regulator of the PI3K/Akt pathway, was strongly induced in G9a Liv-KO mice. After LPS treatment, G9a Liv-KO mice had aggravated lipid peroxidation and proinflammatory response. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that G9a regulates liver maturation by silencing neural and proinflammatory genes but maintaining/activating cytoprotective and drug-processing genes, in which the G9a/miR-383/PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 (Chop) pathways may play important roles. G9a deficiency due to genetic polymorphism and/or environmental exposure may alter xenobiotic metabolism and aggravate inflammation and liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lu
- a Department of Pharmacology , SUNY Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , USA
| | - Xiaohong Lei
- a Department of Pharmacology , SUNY Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , USA
| | - Qinghao Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacology , SUNY Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , USA
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17
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The upregulation of TMPRSS4, partly ascribed to the downregulation of miR‑125a‑5p, promotes the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma via the NF‑κB signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:148-158. [PMID: 29750426 PMCID: PMC5958727 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, with the aid of microarray technology, transmembrane protease serine 4 (TMPRSS4), a novel member of the serine protease family, was found to be upregulated in the majority of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues compared to normal lung tissues. Of note, the clinical significance of TMPRSS4 in LUAD has not yet been reported, at least to the best of our knowledge. Through immunohistochemistry assays, we found that TMPRSS4 was overexpressed in LUAD tissues and that the TMPRSS4 expression level was also proportionally associated with the AJCC clinical stage, T stage and pathological grade. Moreover, a high expression of TMPRSS4 was found to be associated with adverse outcomes and was a significant independent factors predicting a poor prognosis. To elucidate the possible mechanisms responsible for the overexpression of TMPRSS4, we examined at microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), which are small non-coding RNAs commonly dysregulated in human malignancies and are known to promote carcinogenesis by interacting with other types of RNAs. By means of bioinformatics analysis, a miRNA potentially targeting TMPRSS4 mRNA, namely miR-125a-5p, was selected. Dual luciferase reporter gene assays were then performed to verify the interaction. The results of MTT assays and apoptotic assays revealed that miR-125a-5p significantly inhibited cell growth and enhanced apoptosis, and the silencing of TMPRSS4 had similar effects. Furthermore, we observed that either the overexpression of miR-125a-5p or the silencing of TMPRSS4 prevented the activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway. On the whole, our findings illustrate that TMPRSS4 may be a candidate oncogene and may thus serve as a prognostic biomarker for LUAD, and its overexpression may be partly ascribed to the downregulation of miR-125a-5p. The dysregulation of miR-125a-5p and TMPRSS4 affect the biological function of LUAD cells via the NF-κB signaling pathway. The miR-125a-5p/TMPRSS4/NF-κB axis may thus provide novel insight into the pathogenic mechanisms of LUAD and may be used in the development of novel treatment strategies for LUAD.
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18
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Yuan H, Chen Z, Bai S, Wei H, Wang Y, Ji R, Guo Q, Li Q, Ye Y, Wu J, Zhou Y, Qiao L. Molecular mechanisms of lncRNA SMARCC2/miR-551b-3p/TMPRSS4 axis in gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 418:84-96. [PMID: 29337109 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Decreased expression of miR-551b-3p has been identified in gastric cancer tissues but its biological role and underlying mechanism in this malignancy is poorly understood. In this study, we show that the expression of miR-551b-3p negatively correlates with the depth of tumour invasion and lymphatic metastasis, but it positively correlates with tumour differentiation and the patient survival. MiR-551b-3p negatively affects the proliferation, mobility and invasiveness of gastric cancer cells. LncRNA SMARCC2 inhibits the expression of miR-551b-3p through binding to its mRNA response elements in gastric cancer cells. Overexpression of LncRNA SMARCC2 enhances the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells, while inhibition of LncRNA SMARCC2 does the opposite. TMPRSS4 is a direct target gene of miR-551b-3p. We conclude that miR-551b-3p functions as a tumour suppressor gene in gastric cancer, and its function is regulated by LncRNA SMARCC2/miR-551b-3p/TMPRSS4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Zhaofeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Suyang Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Qinghong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Yuwei Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
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19
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TMPRSS4 promotes cancer stem cell traits by regulating CLDN1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:906-912. [PMID: 28651932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Encouraging advances in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) have been achieved; however, a considerable part of patients still relapse or metastasize after therapy, and the underlying mechanisms have not been clarified yet. Here, we found that CLDN1 was markedly up-regulated in HCC tissues, and correlated with poor prognosis. Overexpression of CLDN1 dramatically promoted the capability of tumorsphere formation and cancer stem cell (CSC) traits. Furthermore, we found that TMPRSS4 was up-regulated in HCC tissues and there was a positive correlation between TMPRSS4 and CLDN1. In addition, the expression of CLDN1 was regulated by TMPRSS4. Moreover, TMPRSS4 mediated CSC properties and up-regulated CLDN1 by activating ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Taken together, our results revealed that CLDN1 contributed to CSC features of HCC, which was altered by TMPRSS4 expression via ERK1/2 signaling pathway, providing promising targets for novel specific therapies.
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20
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Wang Z, Zhai Z, Du X. Celastrol inhibits migration and invasion through blocking the NF-κB pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:819-824. [PMID: 28673005 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic ovarian cancer is a major clinical challenge with poor prognosis and high mortality. Celastrol is a natural compound that has exhibits antiproliferative activity; however, its effects on metastasis-related phenotypes in ovarian cancer models are unclear. In the current study, the anti-invasive activities and associated signaling pathways of celastrol were determined in ovarian cancer cells. Cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay. Cell migration was detected by wound healing and Transwell assays, while cell invasion was detected by a Matrigel-coated Transwell method. In addition, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression was examined by western blotting, and MMP-2/-9 activities were determined by gelatin zymography. At sub-toxic concentrations (<0.5 µM), celastrol inhibited migration and invasion in a concentration-dependent manner in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells. At the molecular level, celastrol blocked the canonical NF-κB pathway by inhibiting IκBα phosphorylation, and preventing IκBα degradation and p65 accumulation. Furthermore, the expression and activity of the NF-κB target protein MMP-9, but not MMP-2, were inhibited by celastrol. Furthermore, celastrol showed no synergistic effect with MG132, an NF-κB inhibitor. In conclusion, celastrol exhibited significant anti-invasive activities in ovarian cancer cells. Such functions may be mediated via NF-κB pathway blockade. The results of this in vitro study strengthen the value of applying celastrol as a potential clinical intervention modality for delaying ovarian cancer metastasis. This, celastrol warrants further preclinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongye Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
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Sokolova O, Naumann M. NF-κB Signaling in Gastric Cancer. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9040119. [PMID: 28350359 PMCID: PMC5408193 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9040119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Diet, obesity, smoking and chronic infections, especially with Helicobacter pylori, contribute to stomach cancer development. H. pylori possesses a variety of virulence factors including encoded factors from the cytotoxin-associated gene pathogenicity island (cagPAI) or vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA). Most of the cagPAI-encoded products form a type 4 secretion system (T4SS), a pilus-like macromolecular transporter, which translocates CagA into the cytoplasm of the host cell. Only H. pylori strains carrying the cagPAI induce the transcription factor NF-κB, but CagA and VacA are dispensable for direct NF-κB activation. NF-κB-driven gene products include cytokines/chemokines, growth factors, anti-apoptotic factors, angiogenesis regulators and metalloproteinases. Many of the genes transcribed by NF-κB promote gastric carcinogenesis. Since it has been shown that chemotherapy-caused cellular stress could elicit activation of the survival factor NF-κB, which leads to acquisition of chemoresistance, the NF-κB system is recommended for therapeutic targeting. Research is motivated for further search of predisposing conditions, diagnostic markers and efficient drugs to improve significantly the overall survival of patients. In this review, we provide an overview about mechanisms and consequences of NF-κB activation in gastric mucosa in order to understand the role of NF-κB in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sokolova
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
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Yu X, Wu Q, Wang L, Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Meng Q, Pawan, Wang S. Silencing of ST6GalNAc I suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocarcinoma cells through PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12213-12221. [PMID: 27235117 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
ST6GalNAc I is the major Sialyl-Tn antigen (STn) synthase that is highly correlated with tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the roles and molecular mechanisms by which ST6GalNAc I mediates the malignant phenotypes of hepatocarcinoma cells still remain poorly unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of STn and ST6GalNAc I in mouse hepatocarcinoma cell lines Hca-F, Hca-P, and Hepa1-6, which have different metastatic potential, as compared with normal mouse liver cell line IAR-20. The results showed that the expression of ST6GalNAc I and STn in Hca-F and Hca-P cells was much higher than that in Hepa1-6 and IAR20 cells. Knockdown of ST6GalNAc I by shRNA in Hca-F cells significantly decreased the expression of STn and inhibited the growth of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. This reduction of ST6GalNAc I expression also led to the decreased migration and invasion of Hca-F cells. Furthermore, we found that ST6GalNAc I knockdown inhibited the expression levels of PI3k, p-Akt473, p-Akt308, NF-κB, and their downstream molecules. Together, our results suggest a role of ST6GalNAc I in promoting the growth and invasion of hepatocarcinoma cells through regulating PI3K/AKT signaling, and ST6GalNAc I might be a promising marker for the prognosis and therapy of hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- Department of Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Pawan
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China.
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