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Ye N, Qin W, Tian S, Xu Q, Wold EA, Zhou J, Zhen XC. Small Molecules Selectively Targeting Sigma-1 Receptor for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases. J Med Chem 2020; 63:15187-15217. [PMID: 33111525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The sigma-1 (σ1) receptor, an enigmatic protein originally classified as an opioid receptor subtype, is now understood to possess unique structural and functional features of its own and play critical roles to widely impact signaling transduction by interacting with receptors, ion channels, lipids, and kinases. The σ1 receptor is implicated in modulating learning, memory, emotion, sensory systems, neuronal development, and cognition and accordingly is now an actively pursued drug target for various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Evaluation of the five selective σ1 receptor drug candidates (pridopidine, ANAVEX2-73, SA4503, S1RA, and T-817MA) that have entered clinical trials has shown that reaching clinical approval remains an evasive and important goal. This review provides up-to-date information on the selective targeting of σ1 receptors, including their history, function, reported crystal structures, and roles in neurological diseases, as well as a useful collation of new chemical entities as σ1 selective orthosteric ligands or allosteric modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wangzhi Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Sheng Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Eric A Wold
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Jia Zhou
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Xue-Chu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Déciga-Campos M, Melo-Hernández LA, Torres-Gómez H, Wünsch B, Schepmann D, González-Trujano ME, Espinosa-Juárez J, López-Muñoz FJ, Navarrete-Vázquez G. Design and synthesis of N‑(benzylpiperidinyl)‑4‑fluorobenzamide: A haloperidol analog that reduces neuropathic nociception via σ 1 receptor antagonism. Life Sci 2020; 245:117348. [PMID: 31981633 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Haloperidol is a neuroleptic drug with high affinity towards the σ1 receptor (σ1R), acting as antagonist that decreases neuropathic pain, but has CNS side effects. This work describes the design and synthesis of a novel analog N‑(1‑benzylpiperidin‑4-yl)‑4‑fluorobenzamide (LMH-2), which produced antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects in rats with neuropathy induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI), being more active than gabapentin (The most widely used drug for the treatment of neuropathic pain). MAIN METHODS LMH-2 was designed as haloperidol analog. Its structure was characterized by spectroscopic (1H and 13C NMR) and spectrometric mass (electronic impact) techniques. Additionally, in silico predictions of pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicological properties were obtained, with promising results. A competitive binding assay using radioligands was employed to evaluate the in vitro affinity for σ1R, whereas in vivo antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic activities were investigated using Wistar rats with CCI. KEY FINDINGS LMH-2 showed high affinity for σ1R in an in vitro binding assay, with a Ki = 6.0 nM and a high σ1R/σ2R selectivity ratio. Molecular docking studies were carried out to determine the binding energy and to analyze LMH-2-protein interactions. Through an in silico pharmacological consensus analysis, LMH-2 was considered safe for in vivo evaluation. Thus, LMH-2 had dose-dependent antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activities; its efficacy was comparable to that of gabapentin, but its potency was 2-times higher than this drug. SIGNIFICANCE LMH-2 administration produced antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects by the antagonism of σ1R, suggesting its potential use as an analgesic drug for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna Déciga-Campos
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n Col. Casco de Santo Tomás, 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Luis Alberto Melo-Hernández
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | - Héctor Torres-Gómez
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz", 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Josué Espinosa-Juárez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier López-Muñoz
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Navarrete-Vázquez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
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Arena E, Dichiara M, Floresta G, Parenti C, Marrazzo A, Pittalà V, Amata E, Prezzavento O. Novel Sigma-1 receptor antagonists: from opioids to small molecules: what is new? Future Med Chem 2018; 10:231-256. [PMID: 29185346 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 (σ1) receptor has been identified as a chaperone protein that interacts with other proteins, such as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and opioid receptors, modulating their activity. σ1 receptor antagonists have been developed to obtain useful compounds for the treatment of psychoses, pain, drug abuse and cancer. Some interesting compounds such as E-5842 (5) and MS-377 (24), haloperidol and piperazine derivatives, respectively, were endowed with high affinity for σ1 receptors (Ki σ1 = 4 and 73 nM; Ki σ2 = 220 and 6900, respectively). They were developed for the treatment of psychotic disorders and 5 also underwent Phase II clinical trials suggesting interesting potential therapeutic applications. Here, σ1 receptor antagonists have been grouped based on chemical structure and reviewed according to structure-activity relationship and potential therapeutic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Arena
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Espinosa-Juárez JV, Jaramillo-Morales OA, Navarrete-Vázquez G, Melo-Hernández LA, Déciga-Campos M, López-Muñoz FJ. N-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethyl)-2-(1naphthyloxy)acetamide inhibits the chronic constriction injury-generated hyperalgesia via the antagonism of sigma-1 receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:1-8. [PMID: 28648406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The most used therapeutic treatment to relieve neuropathic pain is that of neuromodulators such as anti-epileptics or anti-depressants; however, there are alternatives that may be potentially useful. The sigma-1 receptor is a therapeutic target that has shown favorable results at preclinical levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-hyperalgesic effect of N-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethyl)-2-(1-naphthyloxy) acetamide (NMIN) in a chronic constriction injury model (CCI) and compare it both a sigma-1 antagonist (BD-1063) and also Gabapentin, as well as determine its possible role as an antagonist of sigma-1 receptors. The anti-hyperalgesic effects of Gabapentin (10.0, 17.8, 31.6, 56.2 and 100mg/kg, s.c.), BD-1063 (5.6, 10.0, 17.8, 31.6 and 56.2mg/kg, s.c.) and NMIN (31.6, 10.0, 316mg/kg and 562mg/kg, s.c.) were determined after single-doses, using the von Frey test in the CCI model. NMIN had the same efficacy as BD-1063, but both show less efficacy than Gabapentin. In an analysis of pharmacological potency, the ED50 were compared with it being found that BD-1063 is the most potent drug, followed by Gabapentin and NMIN. The anti-hyperalgesic effect of NMIN on CCI rats was reversed by (+)-pentazocine (s.c. route) and by PRE-084 (i.t. route), both sigma-1 agonists. Furthermore, NMIN reversed the hyperalgesic effect of PRE-084 in naïve rats. These results suggest that NMIN has an anti-hyperalgesic effect on the CCI model, and that one of its mechanisms of action is as a sigma-1 antagonist, being a significant role the blocking of these receptors at the spinal level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gabriel Navarrete-Vázquez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
| | | | - Myrna Déciga-Campos
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina, IPN, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Synthesis and In Vitro AMPK Activation of Cycloalkyl/Alkarylbiguanides with Robust In Vivo Antihyperglycemic Action. J CHEM-NY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/1212609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes the design, synthesis in one step, and the in vitro, in vivo, and in silico antidiabetic evaluation of a series of ten alicyclic and aromatic (alkyl +aryl: alkaryl)biguanides, analogues of metformin and phenformin. The design was conceived using isosteric replacement, chain-ring transformation, and lower and higher homologation strategies. All compounds were obtained as crystals and their structure was confirmed on the basis of their spectral data (NMR and mass spectra), and their purity was ascertained by microanalysis. Compounds were in vitro evaluated as activators of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK). The results indicated that compounds 4, 5, and 6 showed similar or even better effect compared to metformin. Docking analysis was performed with regulatory subunit γ of AMPK, showing several interactions with nucleotide binding pocket. The in vivo evaluation of compounds 4–6 at a single dose of 50 mg/kg was performed in a murine experimental model of diabetes. The results showed an important and robust decrease of plasmatic glucose levels (−40%). Compound 6 was selected for an oral glucose tolerance test, showing an antihyperglycemic effect similar to metformin. The in vivo results indicated that compounds 4–6 may be effective in treating experimental T2DM.
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