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Ahn CR, Ha IJ, Kim JE, Ahn KS, Park J, Baek SH. Inhibiting AGS Cancer Cell Proliferation through the Combined Application of Aucklandiae Radix and Hyperthermia: Investigating the Roles of Heat Shock Proteins and Reactive Oxygen Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:564. [PMID: 38790669 PMCID: PMC11118127 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major global health concern. To address this, the combination of traditional medicine and newly appreciated therapeutic modalities has been gaining considerable attention. This study explores the combined effects of Aucklandiae Radix (AR) and 43 °C hyperthermia (HT) on human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell proliferation and apoptosis. We investigated the synergistic effects of AR and HT on cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent mechanisms. Our findings suggest that the combined treatment led to a notable decrease in AGS cell viability and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase contributed to the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Notably, the roles of heat shock proteins (HSPs) were highlighted, particularly in the context of ROS regulation and the induction of apoptosis. Overexpression of HSPs was observed in cells subjected to HT, whereas their levels were markedly reduced following AR treatment. The suppression of HSPs and the subsequent increase in ROS levels appeared to contribute to the activation of apoptosis, suggesting a potential role for HSPs in the combined therapy's anti-cancer mechanisms. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential of integrating AR and HT in cancer and HSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Ryeong Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jin Ha
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center (K-CTC), Korean Medicine Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai-Eun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Soeul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Soeul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea
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Hsu CY, Rajabi S, Hamzeloo-Moghadam M, Kumar A, Maresca M, Ghildiyal P. Sesquiterpene lactones as emerging biomolecules to cease cancer by targeting apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1371002. [PMID: 38529189 PMCID: PMC10961375 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1371002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a programmed cell death comprising two signaling cascades including the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. This process has been shown to be involved in the therapy response of different cancer types, making it an effective target for treating cancer. Cancer has been considered a challenging issue in global health. Cancer cells possess six biological characteristics during their developmental process known as cancer hallmarks. Hallmarks of cancer include continuous growth signals, unlimited proliferation, resistance to proliferation inhibitors, apoptosis escaping, active angiogenesis, and metastasis. Sesquiterpene lactones are one of the large and diverse groups of planet-derived phytochemicals that can be used as sources for a variety of drugs. Some sesquiterpene lactones possess many biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-microbial, anti-malarial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and analgesic. This review article briefly overviews the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis and the interactions between the modulators of both pathways. Also, the present review summarizes the potential effects of sesquiterpene lactones on different modulators of the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell lines and animal models. The main purpose of the present review is to give a clear picture of the current knowledge about the pro-apoptotic effects of sesquiterpene lactones on various cancers to provide future direction in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sadegh Rajabi
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hamzeloo-Moghadam
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Pallavi Ghildiyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
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Wang S, Hou K, Gui S, Ma Y, Wang S, Zhao S, Zhu X. Insulin-like growth factor 1 in heat stress-induced neuroinflammation: novel perspective about the neuroprotective role of chromium. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:23. [PMID: 37676529 PMCID: PMC10441889 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) can cause a series of stress responses, resulting in numerous negative effects on the body, such as the diminished food intake, carcass quality and reproductive capacity. In addition to the negative effects on the peripheral system, HS leads to central nervous system (CNS) disorders given its toll on neuroinflammation. This neuroinflammatory process is mainly mediated by microglia and astrocytes, which are involved in the activation of glial cells and the secretion of cytokines. While the regulation of inflammatory signaling has a close relationship with the expression of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), HS-induced neuroinflammation is closely related to the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Moreover, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are key players in the development of neuroinflammation. Chromium (Cr) has been widely shown to have neuroprotective effects in both humans and animals, despite the lack of mechanistic evidence. Evidence has shown that Cr supplementation can increase the levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a major neurotrophic factor with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This review highlights recent advances in the attenuating effects and potential mechanisms of Cr-mediated IGF-1 actions on HS-induced neuroinflammation, providing presently existing evidence supporting the neuroprotective role of Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Kanghui Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Siqi Gui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shanting Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Choi YJ, Choi YK, Ko SG, Cheon C, Kim TY. Investigation of Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Sensitivity to the Anti-Cancer Activity of Costunolide in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044009. [PMID: 36835418 PMCID: PMC9965698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Costunolide (CTL), an active compound isolated from Saussurea lappa Clarke and Laurus nobilis L, has been shown to induce apoptosis via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in various types of cancer cells. However, details of molecular mechanisms underlying the difference in sensitivity of cancer cells to CTL are still largely unknown. Here, we tested the effect of CTL on the viability of breast cancer cells and found that CTL had a more efficient cytotoxic effect against SK-BR-3 cells than MCF-7 cells. Mechanically, ROS levels were significantly increased upon CTL treatment only in SK-BR-3 cells, which leads to lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and cathepsin D release, and subsequent activation of the mitochondrial-dependent intrinsic apoptotic pathway by inducing mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). In contrast, treatment of MCF-7 cells with CTL activated PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy to remove damaged mitochondria, which prevented the elevation of ROS levels, thereby contributing to their reduced sensitivity to CTL. These results suggest that CTL is a potent anti-cancer agent, and its combination with the inhibition of mitophagy could be an effective method for treating breast cancer cells that are less sensitive to CTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jeong Choi
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Kyung Choi
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunhoo Cheon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (T.Y.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0329 (C.C.); +82-42-878-9155 (T.Y.K.)
| | - Tai Young Kim
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (T.Y.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0329 (C.C.); +82-42-878-9155 (T.Y.K.)
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Shams A, Ahmed A, Khan A, Khawaja S, Rehman NU, Qazi AS, Khan A, Bawazeer S, Ali SA, Al-Harrasi A. Naturally Isolated Sesquiterpene Lactone and Hydroxyanthraquinone Induce Apoptosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020557. [PMID: 36672505 PMCID: PMC9856832 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, especially in Asian countries. The emergence of its drug resistance and its side effects demands alternatives, to improve prognosis. Since the majority of cancer drugs are derived from natural sources, it provides a window to look for more biocompatible alternatives. In this study, two natural compounds, costunolide (CE) and aloe emodin (AE), were isolated from the stem of Lycium shawii. The compounds were examined for their anticancer and apoptotic potentials against OSCC (CAL 27) cells, using an in vitro analysis, such as a MTT assay, scratch assay, gene, and protein expressions. Both compounds, CE and AE, were found to be cytotoxic against the cancer cells with an IC50 value of 32 and 38 µM, respectively. Moreover, the compounds were found to be non-toxic against normal NIH-3T3 cells and comparable with the standard drug i.e., 5-fluorouracil (IC50 = 97.76 µM). These compounds were active against normal cells at higher concentrations. Nuclear staining displayed the presence of apoptosis-associated morphological changes, i.e., karyopyknosis and karyorrhexis in the treated cancer cells. Flow cytometry results further confirmed that these compounds induce apoptosis rather than necrosis, as the majority of the cells were found in the late apoptotic phase. Gene and protein expression analyses showed an increased expression of apoptotic genes, i.e., BAK, caspase 3, 6, and 9. Moreover, the compounds significantly downregulated the expression of the anti-apoptotic (BCL-2 L1), metastatic (MMP-2), and pro-inflammatory (COX-2) genes. Both compounds have shown promising anticancer, apoptotic, and anti-migratory activities against the OSCC cell line (i.e., CAL-27). However, further in vivo studies are required to explore these compounds as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Shams
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-Al-Mouz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Shariqa Khawaja
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-Al-Mouz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Asma Saleem Qazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sami Bawazeer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Abid Ali
- Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.A.A.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-Al-Mouz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Correspondence: (S.A.A.); (A.A.-H.)
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Zia S, Tehreem K, Batool S, Ishfaq M, Mirza SB, Khan S, Almashjary MN, Hazzazi MS, Qanash H, Shaikh A, Baty RS, Jafri I, Alsubhi NH, Alrefaei GI, Sami R, Shahid R. Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule ( EpCAM) Expression Can Be Modulated via NFκB. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112985. [PMID: 36428553 PMCID: PMC9687693 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is considered an essential proliferation signature in cancer. In the current research study, qPCR induced expression of EpCAM was noted in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases. Costunolide, a sesquiterpene lactone found in crepe ginger and lettuce, is a medicinal herb with anticancer properties. Expression of EpCAM and its downstream target genes (Myc and TERT) wasdownregulated upon treatment with costunolide in Jurkat cells. A significant change in the telomere length of Jurkat cells was not noted at 72 h of costunolide treatment. An in silico study revealed hydrophobic interactions between EpCAM extracellular domain and Myc bHLH with costunolide. Reduced expression of NFκB, a transcription factor of EpCAM, Myc, and TERT in costunolide-treated Jurkat cells, suggested that costunolide inhibits gene expression by targeting NFκB and its downstream targets. Overall, the study proposes that costunolide could be a promising therapeutic biomolecule for leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadiya Zia
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Komal Tehreem
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Batool
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Mehreen Ishfaq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Shaher Bano Mirza
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Shahrukh Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Majed N. Almashjary
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad S. Hazzazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam Qanash
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Shaikh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roua S. Baty
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Jafri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf H. Alsubhi
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science and Arts, King Abdul Aziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer I. Alrefaei
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rokayya Sami
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramla Shahid
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
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Yan QL, Wang XY, Bai M, Zhang X, Song SJ, Yao GD. Sesquiterpene lactones from Elephantopus scaber exhibit cytotoxic effects on glioma cells by targeting GSTP1. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xu C, Huang X, Lei X, Jin Z, Wu M, Liu X, Huang Y, Zhao X, Xiong Y, Sun J, Duan X, Wang J. Costunolide-Induced Apoptosis via Promoting the Reactive Oxygen Species and Inhibiting AKT/GSK3β Pathway and Activating Autophagy in Gastric Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722734. [PMID: 34869312 PMCID: PMC8633576 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Costunolide (Cos) is a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from chicory. Although it possesses anti-tumor effects, the underlying molecular mechanism against gastric cancer cells remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect and potential mechanism of Cos on gastric cancer. Methods: The effect of Cos on HGC-27 and SNU-1 proliferation was detected by CCK-8 and clone formation assay. The changes in cell apoptosis were determined using Hoechst 33258 and tunel staining. The morphology of autophagy was analyzed by autophagosomes with the electron microscope and LC3-immunofluorescence with the confocal microscope. The related protein levels of the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy and AKT/GSK3β pathway were determined by Western blot. The anti-tumor activity of Cos was evaluated by subcutaneously xenotransplanting HGC-27 into Balb/c nude mice. The Ki67 and P-AKT levels were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: Cos significantly inhibited HGC-27 and SNU-1 growth and induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Cos activated intrinsic apoptosis and autophagy through promoting cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and inhibiting the ROS-AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Moreover, preincubating gastric carcinoma cells with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), a cell-autophagy inhibitor, significantly alleviated the effects of Cos in inducing cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Cos induced apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells via promoting ROS and inhibiting AKT/GSK3β pathway and activating pro-death cell autophagy, which may be an effective strategy to treat gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohua Lei
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhankui Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Research, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Graduate School, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yubin Huang
- Department of Graduate School, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangrong Zhao
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Xiong
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingying Sun
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianglong Duan
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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Mangisa M, Peter XK, Khosa MC, Fouche G, Nthambeleni R, Senabe J, Tarirai C, Tembu VJ. Ethnomedicinal and phytochemical properties of sesquiterpene lactones from Dicoma (Asteraceae) and their anticancer pharmacological activities: A review. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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10
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Liu D, Zeng M, Pi JW, Liu MJ, Ding WZ, Mei XY, Liu JL, Cao XY. Exploring the Potential Mechanism of Costunolide-Induced MCF-7 Cells Apoptosis by Multi-Spectroscopy, Molecular Docking and Cell Experiments. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2001069. [PMID: 33855794 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer with high morbidity and mortality in women. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of costunolide inducing MCF-7 cells apoptosis by multi-spectroscopy, molecular docking, and cell experiments. The results manifested that costunolide interacted with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) in a spontaneous manner, and the minor groove as the preferential binding mode. Furthermore, costunolide inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation. Hoechst 33258 staining showed that cell apoptosis induced by costunolide might be related to DNA damage. The apoptosis mechanism relied on regulating the protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, p53, Caspase-3 and the activation of p38MAPK and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways. This study will provide some experimental basis and potential therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zeng
- Tianjin Ecological Academy of Environmental Sciences, 17 Fukang Road Nankai District Tianjin, Tianjin, 300191, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Wen Pi
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Jia Liu
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Zhe Ding
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Ying Mei
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Li Liu
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yu Cao
- School of life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, P. R. China
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Kim Y, Sengupta S, Sim T. Natural and Synthetic Lactones Possessing Antitumor Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031052. [PMID: 33494352 PMCID: PMC7865919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally, accounting for an estimated 8 million deaths each year. As a result, there have been urgent unmet medical needs to discover novel oncology drugs. Natural and synthetic lactones have a broad spectrum of biological uses including anti-tumor, anti-helminthic, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Particularly, several natural and synthetic lactones have emerged as anti-cancer agents over the past decades. In this review, we address natural and synthetic lactones focusing on their anti-tumor activities and synthetic routes. Moreover, we aim to highlight our journey towards chemical modification and biological evaluation of a resorcylic acid lactone, L-783277 (4). We anticipate that utilization of the natural and synthetic lactones as novel scaffolds would benefit the process of oncology drug discovery campaigns based on natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghoon Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science (Brain Korea 21 Project), College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Sandip Sengupta
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science (Brain Korea 21 Project), College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Taebo Sim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science (Brain Korea 21 Project), College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-0797
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12
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Fu D, Wu D, Cheng W, Gao J, Zhang Z, Ge J, Zhou W, Xu Z. Costunolide Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis by Activating ROS/MAPK Signaling Pathways in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:582273. [PMID: 33194716 PMCID: PMC7649430 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.582273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although costunolide (Cos), a natural sesquiterpene compound isolated from various medicinal plants, exhibits antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in diverse types of cancers, the mechanism associated with the anticancer property of Cos has not been elucidated. The present investigation was carried out to study the anticarcinogenic influence of Cos on kidney cancer cells. Several human renal cancer cell lines were used and biological and molecular studies were conducted. It was found that Cos significantly suppressed renal carcinoma cell growth via stimulation of apoptosis and autophagy in a concentration-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that Cos increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP), and enhanced cytoplasmic levels of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleaved PARP, resulting in cell apoptosis. The autophagy induced by Cos resulted from the formation of GFP-LC3 puncta and upregulation of LC3B II and Beclin-1 proteins. Compared with Cos treatment, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA or ROS scavenger NAC significantly inhibited apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, NAC and JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125 attenuated the effect of Cos. Taken together, Cos exerted autophagic and apoptotic effects on renal cancer through the ROS/JNK-dependent signal route. These findings suggest that Cos could be a beneficial anticarcinogenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Fu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ding Wu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianping Gao
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenquan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Kang N, Cao S, Jiang B, Zhang Q, Donkor PO, Zhu Y, Qiu F, Gao X. Cetuximab enhances oridonin-induced apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 67:104885. [PMID: 32407876 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cetuximab plus oridonin showed a synergistic way to kill laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), as been reported previously. The present work further mechanistically extended action of the synergistic effects of combination treatment. Firstly, two LSCC cells displayed higher sensitivity to oridonin, whereas both low EGFR expression tumor cells and EGFR knockdown LSCC cells were less sensitive to oridonin. Next, cetuximab/oridonin significantly enhanced the mitochondrial apoptosis through NF-κB. Meanwhile, PI3K/Akt and JAK2/STAT3 pathways are associated with the nucleus translocation of NF-κB by combination treatment. Additionally, cetuximab enhanced oridonin-promoted ER stress-related apoptosis. Interestingly, both ER stress and mitochondrial apoptosis by combination treatment are abrogated by ROS scavenger. Furthermore, oridonin/cetuximab induced ROS production after 1.5 h, followed by G2/M arrest and apoptosis, indicating that ROS generation might be an early and key event. Taken together, cetuximab enhances oridonin-induced ER stress and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which contributes to the synergistic antitumor effects of cetuximab/oridonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Kang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Shijie Cao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Benke Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Faculty of Life Sciences and Biological Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Paul Owusu Donkor
- School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Korle Bu, Accra, P.O. Box 52, Ghana
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
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Nan L, Nam HH, Park BY, Kim BT, Choo BK. Ameliorative effects of Magnolia sieboldii buds hexane extract on experimental reflux esophagitis. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2385-2396. [PMID: 32255235 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a disease that stomach contents continually refluxing into esophagus causes symptoms and/or complications. The study was working to find natural plant extracts with good effects and small side effects to treat reflux esophagitis (RE). The anti-inflammatory effects of hexane extract of Magnolia sieboldii (MsHE) were conducted on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The ameliorative effects of MsHE on esophageal damage in rats induced by gastric acid reflux was explored in vivo. The results showed that MsHE decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and expression levels of iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-α on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and MsHE treatment ameliorated the rats' esophageal tissue damage induced by gastric acid and inhibited the increase of inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, MsHE protected the function of barrier of epithelial cells against inflammatory conditions through increasing the expression of tight junctions. Furthermore, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used for determine the active ingredients contained in MsHE. The results show that MsHE can alleviate experimental rat RE by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, MsHE may be used as a source material of drug candidate for the treatment of RE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Nan
- Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Hwa Nam
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, South Korea
| | - Byung Yong Park
- College of Medicine and Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Beom Tae Kim
- Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Byung Kil Choo
- Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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15
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Jin X, Wang C, wang L. Costunolide inhibits osteosarcoma growth and metastasis via suppressing STAT3 signal pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 121:109659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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16
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Ban D, Hua S, Zhang W, Shen C, Miao X, Liu W. Costunolide reduces glycolysis-associated activation of hepatic stellate cells via inhibition of hexokinase-2. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:52. [PMID: 31428167 PMCID: PMC6694499 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is a central event during hepatic fibrosis. Aerobic glycolysis is one of its metabolic hallmarks. Blocking glycolysis is a novel therapeutic option for liver fibrosis. This study investigated the effects of costunolide, a natural product demonstrated to have hepatoprotective effects, on HSC activation and glycolysis. Methods Primary HSCs were isolated from rats and cultured through 5 to 6 passages. Cell viability, activation markers, and glycolytic metabolism were examined in primary HSCs using various cellular and molecular approaches. Results At 30 μM, costunolide reduced the viability of HSCs and inhibited the expression of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I, two key markers of HSC activation. It also decreased glucose uptake and consumption, and reduced the intracellular levels of lactate in HSCs. At 10 mM, the glycolysis inhibitor 2-DG had a similar impact to costunolide at 30 μM: it significantly downregulated the expression of HSC activation markers. The combination of the two compounds produced more remarkable effects. Furthermore, costunolide repressed the expression and activity of hexokinase 2 (HK2), a pivotal rate-limiting enzyme that regulates glycolysis. However, overexpression of HK2 via plasmid transfection significantly reversed the costunolide-mediated downregulation of activation markers in HSCs, indicating that suppression of HK2 was required for costunolide to inhibit glycolysis-associated HSC activation. Conclusions Our results show that costunolide can suppress HSC activation, and this is associated with inhibition of HK2, which blocks aerobic glycolysis. This suggests that costunolide is an antifibrotic candidate with potential for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dujing Ban
- 1Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023 China.,3The Nanjing Integrative Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210014 China
| | - Shangbo Hua
- 2The Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, 215300 China
| | - Wen Zhang
- 3The Nanjing Integrative Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210014 China
| | - Chao Shen
- 3The Nanjing Integrative Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210014 China
| | - Xuehua Miao
- 3The Nanjing Integrative Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210014 China
| | - Wensheng Liu
- 3The Nanjing Integrative Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210014 China
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17
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Costunolide-A Bioactive Sesquiterpene Lactone with Diverse Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122926. [PMID: 31208018 PMCID: PMC6627852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones constitute a major class of bioactive natural products. One of the naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactones is costunolide, which has been extensively investigated for a wide range of biological activities. Multiple lines of preclinical studies have reported that the compound possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bone remodeling, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Many of these bioactivities are supported by mechanistic details, such as the modulation of various intracellular signaling pathways involved in precipitating tissue inflammation, tumor growth and progression, bone loss, and neurodegeneration. The key molecular targets of costunolide include, but are not limited to, intracellular kinases, such as mitogen-activated protein kinases, Akt kinase, telomerase, cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, and redox-regulated transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-kappaB, signal transducer and activator of transcription, activator protein-1. The compound also diminished the production and/expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and cytokines. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic potential of costunolide in the management of various diseases and their underlying mechanisms.
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18
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Mao J, Yi M, Wang R, Huang Y, Chen M. Protective Effects of Costunolide Against D-Galactosamine and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1469. [PMID: 30618760 PMCID: PMC6307542 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Costunolide, a sesquiterpene isolated from Vladimiria souliei (Franch.) Ling, is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-tumor activities. However, the effects of costunolide on liver injury are poorly understood. The current study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of costunolide against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and D-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in mice. The results indicated that costunolide (40 mg/kg) could significantly improve the pathological changes of hepatic tissue, and reduced the LPS and D-galactosamine-induced increases of alanine aminotransferase (from 887.24 ± 21.72 to 121.67 ± 6.56 IU/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (from 891.01 ± 45.24 to 199.94 ± 11.53 IU/L) activities in serum. Further research indicated that costunolide significantly reduced malondialdehyde content (from 24.56 ± 1.39 to 9.17 ± 0.25 nmol/ml) and reactive oxygen species (from 203.34 ± 7.68 to 144.23 ± 7.12%), increased the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (from 153.74 ± 10.33 to 262.27 ± 8.39 U/ml), catalase (from 6.12 ± 0.30 to 12.44 ± 0.57 U/ml), and total anti-oxidant capacity (from 0.64 ± 0.06 to 6.29 ± 0.11 U/ml) in hepatic tissues. Western blot results revealed that costunolide may trigger the anti-oxidative defense system by inhibiting kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 and nuclear factor-related factor 2 (cytosol), increasing nuclear factor-related factor 2 (nucleus), heme oxygenase-1 and NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 activity. Moreover, costunolide significantly decreased the protein expression of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor. Pretreatment with costunolide could reduce the expression of toll-like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, p65 (Nucleus), phosphorylated IκB kinase α/β, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase, inhibitor kappa Bα and prevent the expression of phosphorylated inhibitor kappa B kinase which repressed translocation of p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus. In addition, pretreatment with costunolide also inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis by reducing the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X, cytochrome C, cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3, cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 8 and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 9, and by increasing B-cell lymphoma 2. From the above analysis, the protective effects of costunolide against LPS and D-galactosamine-induced ALI in mice may be attributed to its anti-oxidative activity in nuclear factor-related factor 2 signaling pathways, anti-inflammatory suppression in nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways, and inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis. Thus, costunolide may be a potential therapeutic agent in attenuating LPS and D-galactosamine -induced ALI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Man Yi
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanshe Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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19
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Mao J, Yi M, Tao Y, Huang Y, Chen M. Costunolide isolated from Vladimiria souliei inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1372-1379. [PMID: 30569137 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Costunolide (cos) is one of the major sesquiterpenes isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the roots of Vladimiria souliei. In order to explore the effects and molecular mechanism of cos, the anti‑proliferative and apoptotic effects of cos against the human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cell line was examined in vitro in the current study. Cell viability was measured using an MTT assay, and IC50 values (indicating the concentration required to achieve half‑maximal inhibition) were calculated to detect the inhibitory effect of cos on HepG2 cell growth. Cell morphology was subsequently observed under an inverted microscope, and cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected using flow cytometric analysis. In addition, changes in the protein expression levels of B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2), Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax), and caspases‑3, ‑8 and ‑9 were detected by western blotting. The results of cell analyses indicated that cos treatment inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of HepG2 cells in vitro. Cos markedly induced HepG2 cell apoptosis by arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase in a dose‑dependent manner. In terms of the underlying mechanism, cos was revealed to inhibit the anti‑apoptotic capacity of the cells, possibly via upregulating the expression levels of Bax protein and caspases‑3, ‑8 and ‑9, and downregulating the expression of Bcl‑2 protein. Taken together, the results of the present study indicate that cos may be a promising candidate for liver cancer therapy, and have provided an insight into the mechanism of action involved in its anti‑cancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Man Yi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Yunyi Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Yuanshe Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
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20
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Park S, Lim W, Song G. Chrysophanol selectively represses breast cancer cell growth by inducing reactive oxygen species production and endoplasmic reticulum stress via AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 360:201-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Babaei G, Aliarab A, Abroon S, Rasmi Y, Aziz SGG. Application of sesquiterpene lactone: A new promising way for cancer therapy based on anticancer activity. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:239-246. [PMID: 29966966 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most dangerous diseases that are rapidly increasing globally. After heart disease, it is the second leading cause of death, accounting for seven million deaths each year. Chemotherapy is the use of cytotoxic drugs on cancer cells. But the use of common chemotherapy drugs poses a problem due their high side effects and low efficacy. As a result, efforts are on to find new potent compounds with low side effects. The compounds extracted from plants have been studied in this regard due to their prevalence. Sesquiterpene lactones are a group of natural compounds that were first detected in Asteraceae dark plants. These compounds exercise their effects by reacting with functional groups available on proteins and enzymes, especially the thiol group. Owing to the high side effects as an antitumor synthetic drugs, efforts are being made to find drugs with high efficiency and low side effects. Their high structural ranges have attracted the attention of many researchers as a potential source of new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghader Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aliarab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Abroon
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yusof Rasmi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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22
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Costunolide enhances doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells via activated mitogen-activated protein kinases and generation of reactive oxygen species. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107701-107715. [PMID: 29296199 PMCID: PMC5746101 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is challenging, attributable to a lack of efficacious therapies. Chemotherapy is one of the most important treatments for CRPC. Doxorubicin has been extensively used in many different tumors and is often combined with other drugs to enhance effects and reduce toxicity. Costunolide is a natural sesquiterpene lactone with anti-cancer properties. In this study, we first demonstrated that the combination of costunolide and doxorubicin induced apoptosis significantly more than either drug alone in prostate cancer cell lines. Costunolide combined with doxorubicin induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis through a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and modulation of Bcl-2 family proteins. We found that this drug combination significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as phosphorylation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, which play upstream roles in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Further studies showed that N-acetyl cysteine blocked JNK and p38 phosphorylation, suggesting that ROS were upstream activators of JNK and p38. However, a JNK inhibitor, but not a p38 inhibitor, blocked the increase in ROS observed in cells treated with a combination of costunolide and doxorubicin, suggesting that ROS and JNK could activate each other. In vivo, inhibition of tumor growth and induction of apoptosis were greater in mice treated with the costunolide and doxorubicin combination than in mice treated with either drug alone, without an increase in toxicity. Therefore, we suggested that costunolide in combination with doxorubicin was a new potential chemotherapeutic strategy for treating prostate cancer.
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23
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Xie N, Wu C, Wang C, Cheng X, Zhang L, Zhang H, Lian Y. Inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter inhibits Aβ-induced apoptosis by reducing reactive oxygen species-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in cultured microglia. Brain Res 2017; 1676:100-106. [PMID: 28939404 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) has been shown to induce microglial apoptosis, which is itself sensitive to disturbed mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) plays an important regulatory role in mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, but its role in Aβ-induced microglia apoptosis is unknown. In this study, we found increased mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration in Aβ-treated primary microglia and BV-2 cells; also, the MCU inhibitor Ru360 significantly attenuated Aβ-induced microglial apoptosis, whereas the MCU activator spermine augmented it. In addition, Ru360 significantly attenuated Aβ-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress characterized by glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/-EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression. Spermine, however, exerted the opposite effects on mitochondrial ROS production and ER stress. We also found that mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (Mito-TEMPO) treatment decreased GRP78 and CHOP expression in Aβ-treated microglia. Moreover, blocking endogenous CHOP expression using a CHOP small interfering RNA (siRNA) attenuated Aβ-induced cell death. Altogether, our data suggested that 1) inhibition of MCU exerts a neuroprotective effect on Aβ-induced microglia apoptosis, and 2) that the underlying mechanism may be related to reducing mitochondrial ROS-mediated ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanchang Xie
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chuanjie Wu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yajun Lian
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Liang P, Zhong L, Gong L, Wang J, Zhu Y, Liu W, Yang J. Fibroblast growth factor 21 protects rat cardiomyocytes from endoplasmic reticulum stress by promoting the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1-extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1477-1485. [PMID: 28949374 PMCID: PMC5627875 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), as an endocrine factor, is secreted into circulation by injured cardiomyocytes. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis has been proposed as an important pathophysiological mechanism for cardiomyocyte injury. However, whether the enhanced expression of FGF21 in cardiomyocytes is linked to ER stress, and the effect and underlying mechanism of FGF21 on ER stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis remain unclear. In the present study, it was demonstrated that mild ER stress resulted in upregulated expression levels of FGF21 and its main receptors, as a response to cell compensation, at the induction of ≤5 µM tunicamycin (TM). However, excessive ER stress (TM ≥10 µM) activated the ER stress-mediated apoptosis signaling pathways, including PKR-like ER kinase (PERK)-eukaryotic translational initiation factor 2α (eIF2α)-activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)-CCAAT/-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and inositol-requiring kinase 1α (IRE1α)-c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), as well as inhibited the expression of FGF21 and its primary receptors. In addition, FGF21 overexpression provided protection against ER stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury, as evidenced by increased cell viability and reduced apoptosis. These changes were associated with the inhibition of ER stress-mediated apoptosis signaling pathways, as well as increased phosphorylation of FGFR1 and ERK1/2. However, the protective effects of overexpressed FGF21 were abolished following treatment with FGFR1 and ERK1/2 inhibitors. Thus, mild ER stress may induce the expression of FGF21 and its primary receptors in cardiomyocytes. FGF21 inhibits ER stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury as least in part via the FGFR1-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Gong
- Biochip Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Jeon WJ, Kim KM, Kim EJ, Jang WG. Costunolide increases osteoblast differentiation via ATF4-dependent HO-1 expression in C3H10T1/2 cells. Life Sci 2017; 178:94-99. [PMID: 28435036 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Costunolide is a sesquiterpene lactones used in many herbal medicines, with well-established anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant functions modulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways, and which promotes the expression of anti-oxidant genes. The aim of this study is to investigate whether costunolide is involved in osteoblast differentiation and, determine the mechanisms of differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells. MAIN METHODS The cytotoxicity of costunolide was identified using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of osteogenic genes were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Alkaline phosphate (ALP) staining and Alizarin red S (ARS) staining were performed to evaluate ALP activity and matrix mineralization. Transcriptional activity was detected using a luciferase reporter assay. KEY FINDINGS In this study, we determined that costunolide increased the expression of distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), ALP, and osteocalcin (OC) in C3H10T 1/2 cells. Furthermore, costunolide increased ALP activity and matrix mineralization. Interestingly, costunolide increased ER stress by Bip, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). However, it did not exert effects on expression of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). ATF4 activation has a protective role in oxidative stress, and its transcription induces anti-oxidant genes in cells. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a major anti-oxidant enzyme, and is regulated by ATF4. We showed that costunolide treatment increased HO-1 expression. Furthermore, the HO-1 inhibitor, Sn(IV) Protoporphyrin IX dichloride (SnPP) was blocked costunolide-induced Runx2 expression. SIGNIFICANCE Our results revealed that costunolide-induced osteoblast differentiation is regulated by ATF4-dependent HO-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Jin Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Min Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Gu Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea; Institute of Industrial and Technology, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea.
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A novel STAT3 inhibitor HO-3867 induces cell apoptosis by reactive oxygen species-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress in human pancreatic cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:392-400. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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