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Zhang L. Protective Effect of Tertiary Butylhydroquinone against Obesity-induced Skeletal Muscle Pathology in Post-weaning High Fat Diet Fed Rats. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1276-1287. [PMID: 37565558 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230810094809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity deleteriously affects skeletal muscle functionality starting from infancy to adulthood, leading to dysfunctional skeletal muscle. OBJECTIVES This study, therefore, evaluated the protective action of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) against obesity-induced skeletal muscle pathology in high-fat diet (HFD) fed rats. METHODS Twenty post-weaning male albino rats were randomized into four groups of five rats each as: Group 1 (control), Group 2 (HFD), Group 3 (orlistat) and Group 4 (tBHQ). Group one received rat pellets for 12 weeks, while groups 2 to 4 received HFD for 12 weeks. At the end of week 8, obesity was confirmed with Lee Obesity Index and body mass index values of ≥ 303 and ≥ 0.68 gcm2, respectively. Group 3 was given oral administration of orlistat (10 mg/kg, once daily), while group 4 was given oral administration of tBHQ (25 mg/kg, once daily). Administration of orlistat and tBHQ commenced from week 9 to the end of the experiment. RESULTS Chronic exposure of post-weaning rats to HFD led to their development of the metabolic syndrome phenotypes in adulthood, characterized by obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance as well as induction of oxidative stress and alteration of skeletal muscle markers, which were mitigated following supplementation with orlistat and tBHQ. CONCLUSION The study showed the anti-obesity potentials of tBHQ and its protective action against HFD obesity-induced skeletal muscular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanzhong Central Hospital, Hanzhong, 723000, China
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Li S, Hao L, Hu X. Natural products target glycolysis in liver disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1242955. [PMID: 37663261 PMCID: PMC10469892 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1242955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the occurrence and development of different liver diseases. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) dysfunction and production of reactive oxygen species are closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction, forcing glycolysis to become the main source of energy metabolism of liver cells. Moreover, glycolysis is also enhanced to varying degrees in different liver diseases, especially in liver cancer. Therefore, targeting the glycolytic signaling pathway provides a new strategy for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver fibrosis associated with liver cancer. Natural products regulate many steps of glycolysis, and targeting glycolysis with natural products is a promising cancer treatment. In this review, we have mainly illustrated the relationship between glycolysis and liver disease, natural products can work by targeting key enzymes in glycolysis and their associated proteins, so understanding how natural products regulate glycolysis can help clarify the therapeutic mechanisms these drugs use to inhibit liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghao Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Hao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Delving the Role of Caralluma fimbriata: An Edible Wild Plant to Mitigate the Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5720372. [PMID: 35770046 PMCID: PMC9236770 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5720372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS), commonly known as syndrome X or insulin resistance syndrome, is a collection of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes. MS is believed to impact over a billion individuals worldwide. It is a medical condition defined by visceral obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and abnormal cholesterol levels, according to the World Health Organization. The current dietary trends are more focused on the use of functional foods and nutraceuticals that are well known for their preventive and curative role against such pathological disorders. Caralluma fimbriata is one such medicinal plant that is gaining popularity. It is a wild, edible, succulent roadside shrub with cactus-like leaves. Besides its main nutrient contents, various bioactive constituents have been identified and linked with positive health outcomes of appetite-suppressing, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anticancer potentials. Hence, such properties make C. fimbriata an invaluable plant against MS. The current review compiles recent available literature on C. fimbriata's nutritional composition, safety parameters, and therapeutic potential for MS. Summarized data in this review reveals that C. fimbriata remains a neglected plant with limited food and therapeutic applications. Yet various studies explored here do prove its positive health-ameliorating outcomes.
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Ali A, Mashwani ZUR, Ahmad I, Raja NI, Mohammad S, Khan SU. Plant in vitro cultures: A promising and emerging technology for the feasible production of antidiabetic metabolites in Caralluma tuberculata. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1029942. [PMID: 36601006 PMCID: PMC9806359 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1029942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Caralluma tuberculata, a medicinal and edible plant of the genus Caralluma, belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae. Traditionally, its succulent stems are used as folk medicine for life-threatening diabetes mellitus (DM) disease. Its antidiabetic potential is ascribed to the presence of various secondary metabolites (e.g., pregnane glycosides, flavone glycosides, megastigmane glycosides, polyphenols, ferulic acid, quercetin, and bitter principles, among others) that act as effective and safe antidiabetic agents. The mechanisms of these bioactive secondary metabolites in C. tuberculata herbal medicine include lowering the blood glucose level, stimulating B cells of the pancreas to release more insulin, enhancing the sensitivity of the insulin receptor, inhibiting the action of glucagon and the hydrolysis of glycogen, and increasing the use of glucose in tissues and organ. However, overexploitation, alterations in natural environmental conditions, lower seed viability, and slow growth rate are responsible for the extinction of species from natural habitats, then becoming critically endangered species according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List categories. Therefore, its limited availability does not meet the higher worldwide market demand of C. tuberculata as an antidiabetic drug. Thus, for its conservation and sustainable utilization, researchers across the globe are working on devising strategies to conserve and improve biomass along with the secondary metabolite profiles of C. tuberculata using in vitro approaches. The current review describes the recent progress on antidiabetic phytoconstituents, their cellular mechanisms, and their subsequent clinical outcomes in the drug discovery management of DM. Moreover, in vitro methods such as callus culture, micropropagation, and nano-elicitation strategies for conserving and producing bioactive secondary metabolites have been concisely reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ali
- Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Institute (ARI) Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Amir Ali, ;; ; Zia-ur-Rehman Mashwani,
| | - Zia-ur-Rehman Mashwani
- Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Amir Ali, ;; ; Zia-ur-Rehman Mashwani,
| | - Ilyas Ahmad
- Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Iqbal Raja
- Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sher Mohammad
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Institute (ARI) Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Safir Ullah Khan
- Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Mata-Torres G, Andrade-Cetto A, Espinoza-Hernández F. Approaches to Decrease Hyperglycemia by Targeting Impaired Hepatic Glucose Homeostasis Using Medicinal Plants. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:809994. [PMID: 35002743 PMCID: PMC8733686 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.809994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver plays a pivotal role in maintaining blood glucose levels through complex processes which involve the disposal, storage, and endogenous production of this carbohydrate. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating hepatic glucose production and glucose storage as glycogen, thus abnormalities in its function lead to hyperglycemia in obese or diabetic patients because of higher production rates and lower capacity to store glucose. In this context, two different but complementary therapeutic approaches can be highlighted to avoid the hyperglycemia generated by the hepatic insulin resistance: 1) enhancing insulin function by inhibiting the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, one of the main enzymes that disrupt the insulin signal, and 2) direct regulation of key enzymes involved in hepatic glucose production and glycogen synthesis/breakdown. It is recognized that medicinal plants are a valuable source of molecules with special properties and a wide range of scaffolds that can improve hepatic glucose metabolism. Some molecules, especially phenolic compounds and terpenoids, exhibit a powerful inhibitory capacity on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and decrease the expression or activity of the key enzymes involved in the gluconeogenic pathway, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase or glucose 6-phosphatase. This review shed light on the progress made in the past 7 years in medicinal plants capable of improving hepatic glucose homeostasis through the two proposed approaches. We suggest that Coreopsis tinctoria, Lithocarpus polystachyus, and Panax ginseng can be good candidates for developing herbal medicines or phytomedicines that target inhibition of hepatic glucose output as they can modulate the activity of PTP-1B, the expression of gluconeogenic enzymes, and the glycogen content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adolfo Andrade-Cetto
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Sharma S, Wadhwa K, Choudhary M, Budhwar V. Ethnopharmacological perspectives of glucokinase activators in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2962-2976. [PMID: 34044681 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1931187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditional medicinal plants have wide-reaching utilisation in the treatment of diabetes especially in developing countries where medical resources are meagre. Traditionally used anti-diabetic plants act by numerous mechanisms, however, only a few of them act through activation of the glucokinase enzyme. Glucokinase is a key regulatory enzyme in glucose metabolism thereby controls glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion. The present review significantly analyses the knowledge about various plant-based glucokinase activators including numerous phytochemicals which modulate the activity and gene expression of glucokinase and would provide data support and perspective regarding future research in the discovery and development of different plant-derived glucokinase activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Sharma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Karan Wadhwa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Manjusha Choudhary
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Budhwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Janson B, Prasomthong J, Malakul W, Boonsong T, Tunsophon S. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyx extract prevents the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and obesity-related insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111438. [PMID: 33721756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is reported to be beneficial in treating obesity which can develop into a range of metabolic disorders. The molecular mechanisms by which roselle extract works to prevent obesity-related insulin resistance remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that the roselle extract can decrease lipid accumulation and improve insulin resistance by downregulating adipogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of roselle extract on the mechanism of adipogenesis and prevent complications of the obesity-related insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced obese rats for 8 weeks. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: control (C), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg BW of roselle (R250), and high-fat diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg BW of roselle (R500). The results demonstrated that roselle had the potential to reduce body weight, food intake, lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines, lipid peroxidation, serum leptin, insulin and duodenal glucose absorption, while significantly increased glucose uptake of adipose tissue and muscle when compared to the HFD group. Roselle can prevent lipid accumulation by suppressing differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocyte by downregulating the adipogenic gene expression. The results of this study demonstrated that the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of roselle, could be an alternative approach for obesity-related insulin resistance prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjarat Janson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Janjira Prasomthong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Wachirawadee Malakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Tantip Boonsong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Sakara Tunsophon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand.
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Eleazu C, Suleiman JB, A Othman Z, Zakaria Z, Nna VU, Mohamed M. Effect of bee bread on some biochemical parameters and skeletal muscle histology of high-fat diet-induced obese Sprague-Dawley rats. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13626. [PMID: 33492697 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of bee bread (BB) on the biochemical parameters-body weights, calorie intake, Lee obesity indices, serum amylase, aspartate and alanine amino transferases, skeletal muscle activities of creatine kinase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, malondialdehyde, glutathione-S-transferase, total antioxidant activity, endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products (esRAGE), and muscle histology of high-fat diet (HFD) obese rats-was studied. Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: Control: received rat feed and water (1 ml/kg); HFD: received HFD and water (1 ml/kg): BB or orlistat preventive: received HFD and BB (0.5 g/kg) or HFD and orlistat (10 mg/kg; weeks 1 to 12); BB or orlistat treated: received HFD and BB (0.5 g/kg) or HFD and orlistat (10 mg/kg; weeks 6 to 12), following obesity induction. At week 12, HFD group had altered (p < .05) levels of some biochemical parameters which were modulated by BB and corroborated by muscle histology. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Obesity is a global health problem, which prevalence has continued to be on the increase due to changes in lifestyle and dietary behavior. Additionally, the approaches that currently are being used for the treatment of this disease have not been able to successfully reverse obesity and its associated complications. The current study which showed that bee bread prevented or attenuated obesity-induced muscular pathology, places bee bread in the spotlight as a functional food that could be useful in preventing or mitigating obesity-induced muscular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinedum Eleazu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Joseph B Suleiman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana, Nigeria
| | - Zaidatul A Othman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Zaida Zakaria
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Victor U Nna
- Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
| | - Mahaneem Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Unit of Integrative Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Félix JM, Bertoncello LA, Alves MCDA, de Miranda Pedroso TF, dos Santos RC, Formagio ASN, Chaves VC, Reginatto FH, Trichez VDK. Effects of Bidens gardneri Baker leaves aqueous extract in glucose homeostasis of rats. Pharmacotherapy 2020; 127:110185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Effects of Centella asiatica on skeletal muscle structure and key enzymes of glucose and glycogen metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108715. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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