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Chen S, Chen H, Wang X, Zhang D, Zhang L, Cheng J, Zhang Q, Hua Z, Miao X, Shi J. Expression analysis and biological regulation of silencing regulatory protein 6 (SIRT6) in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. An Bras Dermatol 2024; 99:535-545. [PMID: 38548549 PMCID: PMC11220918 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common types of skin cancer worldwide. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers associated with CSCC progression could aid in the early detection of high-risk squamous cell carcinoma and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of silent mating type Information Regulation 2 homolog 6 (SIRT6) in CSCC and its clinical significance. METHODS The protein expression level of SIRT6 in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between SIRT6 expression and clinicopathological parameters in CSCC patients was analyzed. The relative expression of SIRT6 in CSCC cell lineage and tissue specimens was determined by western blotting and PCR. The effect of SIRT6 silencing on cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit 8. Wound healing, transwell method, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the migration, invasion, and cell cycle distribution/apoptosis of CSCC cells after SIRT6 silencing, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition), cycle, apoptosis, and other related proteins. RESULTS The high expression of SIRT6 was correlated with the location of cancer tissue and Broder staging in CSCC patients. Knockdown of SIRT6 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of CSCC cells, and promoted their apoptosis, with cells blocked in G1 phase. STUDY LIMITATIONS No animal experiments were conducted to further verify the results. CONCLUSION Decreased expression of SIRT6 can inhibit the occurrence and development of CSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline (Laboratory) Cultivation Unit of Immunology, Nantong First People's Hospital, People's Republic of China; Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Hua
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Miao
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, People's Republic of China.
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Vastrad SJ, Ritesh G, V SS, Saraswathy GR, Augustine D, Alzahrani KJ, Alzahrani FM, Halawani IF, Ashi H, Alshahrani M, Hassan RN, Baeshen HA, Saravanan KS, Satish KS, Vutukuru P, Patil S. Panoramic view of key cross-talks underpinning the oral squamous cell carcinoma stemness - unearthing the future opportunities. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1247399. [PMID: 38170015 PMCID: PMC10759990 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1247399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical management of oral cancer is often frequented with challenges that arise from relapse, recurrence, invasion and resistance towards the cornerstone chemo and radiation therapies. The recent conceptual advancement in oncology has substantiated the role of cancer stem cells (CSC) as a predominant player of these intricacies. CSC are a sub-group of tumor population with inherent adroitness to self-renew with high plasticity. During tumor evolution, the structural and functional reprogramming persuades the cancer cells to acquire stem-cell like properties, thus presenting them with higher survival abilities and treatment resistance. An appraisal on key features that govern the stemness is of prime importance to confront the current challenges encountered in oral cancer. The nurturing niche of CSC for maintaining its stemness characteristics is thought to be modulated by complex multi-layered components encompassing neoplastic cells, extracellular matrix, acellular components, circulatory vessels, various cascading signaling molecules and stromal cells. This review focuses on recapitulating both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that impart the stemness. There are contemplating evidences that demonstrate the role of transcription factors (TF) in sustaining the neoplastic stem cell's pluripotency and plasticity alongside the miRNA in regulation of crucial genes involved in the transformation of normal oral mucosa to malignancy. This review illustrates the interplay between miRNA and various known TF of oral cancer such as c-Myc, SOX, STAT, NANOG and OCT in orchestrating the stemness and resistance features. Further, the cross-talks involved in tumor micro-environment inclusive of cytokines, macrophages, extra cellular matrix, angiogenesis leading pathways and influential factors of hypoxia on tumorigenesis and CSC survival have been elucidated. Finally, external factorial influence of oral microbiome gained due to the dysbiosis is also emphasized. There are growing confirmations of the possible roles of microbiomes in the progression of oral cancer. Given this, an attempt has been made to explore the potential links including EMT and signaling pathways towards resistance and stemness. This review provides a spectrum of understanding on stemness and progression of oral cancers at various regulatory levels along with their current therapeutic knowledge. These mechanisms could be exploited for future research to expand potential treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soujanya J. Vastrad
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Giri Ritesh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sowmya S. V
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Dominic Augustine
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim F. Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Haematology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, AI Abdeyah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Ashi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alshahrani
- Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Nabil Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences (Genome), Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam Ali Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kamatchi Sundara Saravanan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kshreeraja S. Satish
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pravallika Vutukuru
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
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Kuk SK, Lee JI, Kim K. Prognostic Genomic Markers of Pathological Stage in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Head Neck Pathol 2023; 17:409-421. [PMID: 36586077 PMCID: PMC10293537 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify the prognostic markers of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the genetic heterogeneity of the pathological stages was investigated. METHODS The data of 295 patients with primary OSCC obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas were studied. The genetic prognostic landscape of the pathological stages was systematically analyzed by Cox regressions, Fisher's exact tests, and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment. RESULTS Stage 4 patients had a poor prognosis in univariate and multivariate Cox models. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway alterations were found more frequently in stage 4, whereas alterations in cell cycle pathways were significant in stages 1, 2, and 3. The differentially mutated genes were divided into three groups: risk genes of high stage, hazardless genes, and risk genes of low stage. The risk genes of low stage (RNF112, AKR7L, ZSCAN5C, and ZPBP) were independent prognostic factors with stage 4 and treatment modality in multivariate Cox regressions. Additionally, in genetic interaction analysis, NOMO1 and ZNF333 had a high co-occurrence in high stage, and WIZ had high co-occurrence in low stage. In GO enrichment, the prognostic genes were clustered at the functional term of RNA polymerase II transcription, and ZNF333 had an association with RNA transcription. CONCLUSION The genetic mutation type and ratio of tumor heterogeneity are different for each stage of OSCC, and stratification of OSCC patients with differential therapeutic efficacy is needed. Risk genes of both high and low stages must be identified in patients diagnosed with low-stage OSCC. Mutations in NOMO1, ZNF333, and WIZ should be considered as potential prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Kyung Kuk
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Il Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kitae Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Z, Ren J, Du J, Wang H, Liu J, Wang G. Niclosamide as a Promising Therapeutic Player in Human Cancer and Other Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16116. [PMID: 36555754 PMCID: PMC9782559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Niclosamide is an FDA-approved anthelmintic drug for the treatment of parasitic infections. However, over the past few years, increasing evidence has shown that niclosamide could treat diseases beyond parasitic diseases, which include metabolic diseases, immune system diseases, bacterial and viral infections, asthma, arterial constriction, myopia, and cancer. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the pharmacological activities and therapeutic prospects of niclosamide in human disease and cancer and summarized the related molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, indicating that niclosamide is a promising therapeutic player in various human diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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Lam SK, Yan S, Lam JSM, Feng Y, Khan M, Chen C, Ko FCF, Ho JCM. Disturbance of the Warburg effect by dichloroacetate and niclosamide suppresses the growth of different sub-types of malignant pleural mesothelioma in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1020343. [PMID: 36304150 PMCID: PMC9592830 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Inhalation of asbestos fibers is the most common cause of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). In 2004, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved a combination of cisplatin with pemetrexed to treat unresectable MPM. Nonetheless novel treatment is urgently needed. The objective of this study is to report the combination effect of dichloroacetate (DCA) or niclosamide (Nic) Nic in MPM. Materials and methods: The effect of a combination of DCA and Nic was studied using a panel of MPM cell lines (H28, MSTO-211H, H226, H2052, and H2452). Cell viability was monitored by MTT assay. Glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, glucose, glycogen, pyruvate, lactate, citrate, succinate and ATP levels were determined by corresponding ELISA. Apoptosis, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, cell cycle analysis, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide were investigated by flow cytometry. Cell migration and colony formation were investigated by transwell migration and colony formation assays respectively. The in vivo effect was confirmed using 211H and H226 nude mice xenograft models. Results and conclusion: Cell viability was reduced. Disturbance of glycolysis and/or oxidative phosphorylation resulted in downregulation of glycogen, citrate and succinate. DCA and/or Nic increased apoptosis, mitochondrial transmembrane depolarization, G2/M arrest and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, DCA and/or Nic suppressed cell migration and colony formation. Furthermore, a better initial tumor suppressive effect was induced by the DCA/Nic combination compared with either drug alone in both 211H and H226 xenograft models. In H226 xenografts, DCA/Nic increased median survival of mice compared with single treatment. Single drug and/or a combination disturbed the Warburg effect and activated apoptosis, and inhibition of migration and proliferation in vivo. In conclusion, dichloroacetate and/or niclosamide showed a tumor suppressive effect in MPM in vitro and in vivo, partially mediated by disturbance of glycolysis/oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, ROS production, G2/M arrest, and suppression of migration and proliferation.
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Khatoon E, Hegde M, Kumar A, Daimary UD, Sethi G, Bishayee A, Kunnumakkara AB. The multifaceted role of STAT3 pathway and its implication as a potential therapeutic target in oral cancer. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:507-534. [PMID: 35987863 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, and it has become a matter of serious concern due to the alarming rise in its incidence rate worldwide. Despite recent advancements in oral cancer treatment strategies, there are no significant improvements in patient's survival rate. Among the numerous cell signaling pathways involved in oral cancer development and progression, STAT3 is known to play a multifaceted oncogenic role in shaping the tumor pathophysiology. STAT3 hyperactivation in oral cancer contributes to survival, proliferation, invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, metastasis, immunosuppression, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. A plethora of pre-clinical and clinical studies have documented the role of STAT3 in the initiation and development of oral cancer and showed that STAT3 inhibition holds significant potential in the prevention and treatment of this cancer. However, to date, targeting STAT3 activation mainly involves inhibiting the upstream signaling molecules such as JAK and IL-6 receptors. The major challenge in targeting STAT3 lies in the complexity of its phosphorylation- and dimerization-independent functions, which are not affected by disrupting the upstream regulators. The present review delineates the significance of the STAT3 pathway in regulating various hallmarks of oral cancer. In addition, it highlights the STAT3 inhibitors identified to date through various preclinical and clinical studies that can be employed for the therapeutic intervention in oral cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Khatoon
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India. .,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.
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Zheng X, Zhang J, Li S, Gao X, Zhang Y, Wang M, Dong L, Sun L, Zhao N, Ma Z, Ding C, Wang Y. Low doses of niclosamide and quinacrine combination yields synergistic effect in melanoma via activating autophagy-mediated p53-dependent apoptosis. Transl Oncol 2022; 21:101425. [PMID: 35460941 PMCID: PMC9048101 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive, malignant, and drug-resistant tumor. It lacks an efficient treatment approach. In this study, we developed a novel anti-melanoma strategy by using anti-tapeworm drug niclosamide and anti-malarial drug quinacrine, and investigated the molecular mechanism by in vitro and in vivo assays. Meanwhile, other types of tumor cells, immortalized epithelial cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were used to evaluate the universal role of anti-cancer and safety of the strategy. The results showed, briefly, an exposure to niclosamide and quinacrine led to an increased apoptosis-related protein p53, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP and autophagy-related protein LC3B expression, and a decreased expression of autophagy-related protein p62, finally leading to cell apoptosis and autophage. After inhibiting autophagy by Baf-A1, flow cytometry and western blot showed that the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was down-regulated and the number of apoptotic cells decreased. Subsequently, in the siRNA-mediated p53 knockdown cells, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and the number of apoptotic cells were also reduced, while the expression of autophagy-related proteins including LC3B, p62 did not change significantly. To sum up, we developed a new, safe strategy for melanoma treatment by using low doses of niclosamide and quinacrine to treat melanoma; and found a novel mechanism by which the combination application of low doses of niclosamide and quinacrine exerts an efficient anti-melanoma effect through activation of autophagy-mediated p53-dependent apoptosis. The novel strategy was verified to exert a universal anti-cancer role in other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zheng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuangting Li
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaolei Gao
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liying Dong
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liangjie Sun
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, No.356, Beijing Road East, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyun Ma
- Department of VIP Service, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Chong Ding
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
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Niclosamide Suppresses Migration and Invasion of Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Repressing TGFBI Expression via the ERK Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010484. [PMID: 35008910 PMCID: PMC8745393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a highly common malignant bone tumor. Its highly metastatic properties are the leading cause of mortality for cancer. Niclosamide, a salicylanilide derivative, is an oral antihelminthic drug of known anticancer potential. However, the effect of niclosamide on osteosarcoma cell migration, invasion and the mechanisms underlying have not been fully clarified. Therefore, this study investigated niclosamide’s underlying pathways and antimetastatic effects on osteosarcoma. In this study, U2OS and HOS osteosarcoma cell lines were treated with niclosamide and then subjected to assays for determining cell migration ability. The results indicated that niclosamide, at concentrations of up to 200 nM, inhibited the migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells and repressed the transforming growth factor beta-induced protein (TGFBI) expression of U2OS cells, without cytotoxicity. After TGFBI knockdown occurred, cellular migration and invasion behaviors of U2OS cells were significantly reduced. Moreover, niclosamide significantly decreased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in U2OS cells and the combination treatment of the MEK inhibitor (U0126) and niclosamide resulted in the intensive inhibition of the TGFBI expression and the migratory ability in U2OS cells. Therefore, TGFBI derived from osteosarcoma cells via the ERK pathway contributed to cellular migration and invasion and niclosamide inhibited these processes. These findings indicate that niclosamide may be a powerful preventive agent against the development and metastasis of osteosarcoma.
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Yu L, Liu J, Zhang TD, Zheng XF, Luo DL, Zhu WL, Qiu XW, Guo LL. Decreased TMEM40 expression is associated with malignant behavior of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and inhibits tumor progression. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:606. [PMID: 34188708 PMCID: PMC8227547 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common types of skin cancer in humans worldwide. The identification and characterization of cancer-associated transmembrane proteins are important for understanding the molecular biology of CSCC. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression pattern of transmembrane protein 40 (TMEM40) in CSCC and its clinical significance. The underlying mechanisms were also examined. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to determine the relative expression of TMEM40 in CSCC cell lines and clinical tissue samples. The effect of TMEM40 gene silencing on cell proliferation was also evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays. Wound healing assays, flow cytometry and Transwell assays were used to explore the migration, cell cycle distribution/apoptosis and invasion of CSCC cells following TMEM40 silencing, respectively. In the present study, increased TMEM40 expression was observed in CSCC tissue samples, compared with normal skin, and TMEM40 expression was associated with large tumor size in patients with CSCC. In vitro functional assays indicated that TMEM40 was involved in the regulation of A431 and SCL1 cell growth through its effects on the cell cycle and apoptosis. Silencing TMEM40 in A431 and SCL1 cells resulted in cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and promoted apoptosis. In addition, migration and invasion were significantly inhibited following silencing of TMEM40 expression in CSCC cells. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that reduced TMEM40 expression could inhibit CSCC development and that TMEM40 may represent a therapeutic target in CSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Tang-De Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Fen Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong 528308, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Lan Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518028, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Liang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Wen Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Lang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
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Wang Z, Zhang J, Wen Y, Wang P, Fan L. Bupivacaine inhibits the malignant biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2 and STAT3. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:839. [PMID: 34164473 PMCID: PMC8184410 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive malignant tumor. Bupivacaine (Bupi), a local anesthetic drug, has been shown to display anti-tumor activity against a variety of tumors. Methods We selected OSCC CAL-27 cells as the in vitro model. Cell toxicity, proliferation, apoptosis, and stemness were conducted, respectively. The protein levels of Ki67, PCNA, caspase-3, caspase-9, survivin, SOX2, NANOG, OCT4, STAT3, p-STAT3, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 were evaluated by western blotting. Male BALB/c nude mice xenograft model was used to evaluate the effect of Bupi on tumor growth in vivo. Results Compared with the control group, Bupi (0.2, 0.5, or 1 µm) significantly decreased the cell viability and the proliferation of CAL-27 cells. Meanwhile, Bupi significantly promoted apoptosis of CAL-27 cells compared with the control group. Additionally, Bupi inhibited the stemness of CAL-27 cells which was evidenced by a sphere formation assay. Bupi decreased the phosphorylation level of STAT3 and ERK1/2 in a dose-dependent manner. The addition of interferon-γ (IFN-γ, 20 ng/mL) in the experiment verified the role of Bupi on STAT3 and ERK1/2 signaling. In vivo, Bupi (40 µmol/kg) obviously suppressed the weight and size of the xenograft tumor, the number of apoptotic cells and Ki67+ decreased. Also, Bupi treatment inhibited the expression of stem-like marker proteins. Conclusions Bupi could be used as an anticancer drug against the growth and stemness ability of OSCC. The underlying mechanism may be due to down-regulation of STAT3 and ERK1/2 signaling. This study provides a new insight for the application of Bupi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchao Wang
- Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Medical Administration Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongmei Wen
- Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Pin Wang
- Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liyuan Fan
- Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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11
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Zhao Y, Bai D, Du J, Ren H, Zhang Z, Jiang C, Lu N. Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by CPUC002 through stabilization of p53 and suppression of STAT3 signaling pathway in multiple myeloma. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 37:97-111. [PMID: 33126266 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma has always been an important health problem in human beings due to its high morbidity, high mortality, and lack of effective therapeutic drugs. This study investigated the anticancer effect and mechanism of the newly synthesized small molecule compound CPUC002 on multiple myeloma. Our results confirmed that CPUC002 inhibited proliferation and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in multiple myeloma cells. Moreover, CPUC002 also induced apoptosis by mitochondrial pathway and exogenous pathway. In mechanism, CPUC002 triggered apoptosis by stabilizing p53 in NCI-H929 cells which expressed wt-p53. Knockdown of p53 partially suppressed CPUC002-induced apoptosis. This suggests that there are other molecular mechanisms underlying CPUC002's antitumor effect. Further studies showed that the CPUC002 also inhibited the STAT3 signaling pathway, while knockdown of STAT3 abolished CPUC002-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In vivo, CPUC002 has significant antitumor activity through the same mechanism as our in vitro studies, and is highly safe in xenograft models. Together these findings indicate that CPUC002 induces apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in multiple myeloma cells by stabilizing p53 and inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haochuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenguo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Na Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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12
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microRNAs in oral cancer: Moving from bench to bed as next generation medicine. Oral Oncol 2020; 111:104916. [PMID: 32711289 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is the thirteenth most common cancer in the world, with India contributing to 33% of the global burden. Lack of specific non-invasive markers, non-improvement in patient survival and tumor recurrence remain a major clinical challenge in oral cancer. Epigenetic regulation in the form of microRNAs (miRs) that act as tumor suppressor miRs or oncomiRs has gained significant momentum with the advancement in the field, suggesting the potential for clinical application of miRs in oral cancer. The current review of literature identified miR-21, miR-27a(-3p), miR-31, miR-93, miR-134, miR-146, miR-155, miR-196a, miR-196b, miR-211, miR-218, miR-222, miR-372 and miR-373 to be up-regulated and let-7a, let-7b, let-7c, let-7d, let-7e, let-7f, let-7g, let-7i, miR-26a, miR-99a-5p, miR-137, miR-139-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-184 and miR-375 to be down-regulated in oral cancer. Mechanistic studies have uncovered several miRs that are deregulated at varying levels and in different stages of oral cancer progression, thus providing clinical utility in better diagnosis as well as usefulness in prognosis by identifying patients with poor prognosis or stratifying patients based on responsiveness to chemo- and radio-therapy. Lastly, exogenous modulation of miR expression using miRNA-based drugs in combination with first-line agents may be adopted as a new therapeutic modality to treat oral cancer. Knowledge of miRs and their involvement in key molecular processes, clinical association, responsiveness to therapy and clinical advancement may highlight additional avenues in order to improve patient morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, combinatorial approaches with miR-therapy may be efficacious in oral cancer.
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13
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Costa C, Teodoro M, Rugolo CA, Alibrando C, Giambò F, Briguglio G, Fenga C. MicroRNAs alteration as early biomarkers for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases: New challenges in pesticides exposure. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:759-767. [PMID: 32612936 PMCID: PMC7322123 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge linking pesticide exposure, cancer and neuro-degenerative diseases to dysregulation of microRNA network was summarized. Literature indicates differential miRNA expression targeting biomolecules and pathways involved in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Evaluation of miRNA expression may be used to develop new non-invasive strategies for the prediction and prognosis of diseases including cancer. The application of miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in the clinical field is extremely challenging.
This review summarizes the current knowledge linking cancer and neuro-degenerative diseases to dysregulation of microRNA network following pesticide exposure. Most findings revealed differential miRNA expression targeting biomolecules and pathways involved in various neoplastic localizations and neurodegenerative diseases. A growing body of evidence in recent literature indicates that alteration of specific miRNAs can represent an early biomarker of disease following exposure to chemical agents, including pesticides. Different miRNAs seem to regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and metastasis via many biological pathways through modulation of the expression of target mRNAs. The evaluation of miRNA expression levels may be used to develop new non-invasive strategies for the prediction and prognosis of many diseases, including cancer. However, the application of miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in the clinical field is extremely challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Costa
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Alessandra Rugolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Alibrando
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Giambò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Giusi Briguglio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
- Corresponding author at: Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-functional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario “G. Martino” – pad. H, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125, Messina, Italy.
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14
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Lee MC, Chen YK, Hsu YJ, Lin BR. Niclosamide inhibits the cell proliferation and enhances the responsiveness of esophageal cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Oncol Rep 2019; 43:549-561. [PMID: 31894334 PMCID: PMC6967135 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Niclosamide is an FDA-approved anthelmintic drug, and may elicit antineoplastic effects through direct STAT3 inhibition, which has been revealed in numerous human cancer cells. Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for advanced esophageal cancers, but also causes severe systemic side effects. The present study represents the first study evaluating the anticancer efficacy of niclosamide in esophageal cancers. Through western blot assay, it was demonstrated that niclosamide suppressed the STAT3 signaling pathway in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells (BE3) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells (CE48T and CE81T). In addition, niclosamide inhibited cell proliferation as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay and soft agar colony forming assay, and induced cell apoptosis as determined by Annexin V and PI staining. The induction of p21 and G1 arrest of the cell cycle also was revealed in niclosamide-treated CE81T cells by qPCR and flow cytometric assays, respectively. Furthermore, in the combination analysis of niclosamide and chemotherapeutic agents by MTS assay, low IC50 values were detected in cells co-treated with niclosamide, with the exception of cisplatin-treated CE81T cells. To confirm the results using an apoptosis assay, the apoptotic enhancement of niclosamide was only demonstrated in CE48T cells co-treated with 5-FU, cisplatin, or paclitaxel, and in BE3 cells co-treated with paclitaxel, but not in CE81T cells. These findings indicate a future clinical application of niclosamide in esophageal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Cheng Lee
- Department of Research and Development, DrSignal BioTechnology Ltd., New Taipei City 23143, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yin-Kai Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yih-Jen Hsu
- Department of Integrated Diagnostics and Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10051, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Bor-Ru Lin
- Department of Integrated Diagnostics and Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10051, Taiwan, R.O.C
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15
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Zheng M, Cao MX, Yu XH, Li L, Wang K, Wang SS, Wang HF, Tang YJ, Tang YL, Liang XH. STAT3 Promotes Invasion and Aerobic Glycolysis of Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Inhibiting FoxO1. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1175. [PMID: 31750256 PMCID: PMC6848388 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a previously accepted tumor-promoting protein in various malignancies, plays a key role in the process of cancer glycolysis. However, the role and potential mechanism of STAT3 in aerobic glycolysis and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been explored. In the present study, we demonstrated that STAT3 knockdown remarkably inhibited migration, invasion, expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and aerobic glycolysis of OSCC cells by up-regulation of FoxO1. Consistently, the expression of nuclear Tyr705-phosphorylated STAT3, an active form of STAT3, was significantly elevated in OSCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and increased nuclear staining of Tyr705-phosphorylated STAT3 was associated with metastasis and shorter overall survival. Moreover, FoxO1, which was also mainly expressed in OSCC specimens, decreased in poorly-differentiated tissues compared with the relatively well-differentiated ones, and inversely correlated with the expression of nuclear Tyr705-phosphorylated STAT3 from patients with OSCC. Hence, our findings collectively characterized the contributing role of STAT3/FoxO1 in invasion and aerobic glycolysis of OSCC cells, which may lead to the worse clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Ming-Xin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang-Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Stomatology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Wang J, Zuo J, Wahafu A, Wang MD, Li RC, Xie WF. Combined elevation of TRIB2 and MAP3K1 indicates poor prognosis and chemoresistance to temozolomide in glioblastoma. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 26:297-308. [PMID: 31318172 PMCID: PMC7053231 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary malignant brain tumor in adults with poor survival due to acquired therapeutic resistance and rapid recurrence. Currently, the standard clinical strategy for glioma includes maximum surgical resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy; however, the median survival of patients with GBM remains poor despite these comprehensive therapies. Therefore, the identification of new prognostic biomarkers is urgently needed to evaluate the malignancy and long‐term outcome of glioma. Aims To further investigate prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for GBM. Results In this study, we identified tribbles pseudokinase 2 (TRIB2) as one of the genes that is most correlated with pathological classification, radioresistance, and TMZ resistance in glioma. Additionally, the expression of mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MAP3K1) showed a strong correlation with TRIB2. Moreover, a combined increase in TRIB2 and MAP3K1 was observed in GBM and indicated a poor prognosis of patients with glioma. Finally, enriched TRIB2 expression and MAP3K1 expression were shown to be associated with resistance to TMZ and radiotherapy. Conclusion Combined elevation of TRIB2 and MAP3K1 could be novel prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets to evaluate the malignancy and long‐term outcomes of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Zuo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Alafate Wahafu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mao-de Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui-Chun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wan-Fu Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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17
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Yao A, Xiang Y, Si YR, Fan LJ, Li JP, Li H, Guo W, He HX, Liang XJ, Tan Y, Bao LY, Liao XH. PKM2 promotes glucose metabolism through a let-7a-5p/Stat3/hnRNP-A1 regulatory feedback loop in breast cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:6542-6554. [PMID: 30368881 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells metabolize more glucose to lactate in aerobic or hypoxic conditions than normal cells. Pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 (PKM2) is crucial for tumor cell aerobic glycolysis. We established a role for let-7a-5p/Stat3/hnRNP-A1/PKM2 signaling in breast cancer cell glucose metabolism. PKM2 depletion via small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibits cell proliferation and aerobic glycolysis in breast cancer cells. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) promotes upregulation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-A1 expression, hnRNP-A1 binding to pyruvate kinase isoenzyme (PKM) pre messenger RNA, and the subsequent formation of PKM2. This pathway is downregulated by the microRNA let-7a-5p, which functionally targets Stat3, whereas hnRNP-A1 blocks the biogenesis of let-7a-5p to counteract its ability to downregulate the Stat3/hnRNP-A1/PKM2 signaling pathway. The downregulation of Stat3/hnRNP-A1/PKM2 by let-7a-5p is verified using a breast cancer. These results suggest that let-7a-5p, Stat3, and hnRNP-A1 form a feedback loop, thereby regulating PKM2 expression to modulate glucose metabolism of breast cancer cells. These findings elucidate a new pathway mediating aerobic glycolysis in breast cancers and provide an attractive potential target for breast cancer therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Yao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Xiang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Rui Si
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Li-Juan Fan
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Jia-Peng Li
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Shenzhen Ritzcon Biological Technology Co, Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui-Xin He
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Yao Tan
- The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Le-Yuan Bao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Xing-Hua Liao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
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18
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Liu Y, Dong N, Miao J, Li C, Wang X, Ruan J. Lin28 promotes dental pulp cell proliferation via upregulation of cyclin-dependent proteins and interaction with let-7a/IGF2BP2 pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108742. [PMID: 30851545 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Caries, pulpitis, and trauma are the main causes of dental pulp damage. The regeneration capacity of dental pulp declines with age. Lin28 is a conserved RNA-binding protein in higher eukaryotes that regulates several important cellular functions associated with development, glucose metabolism, differentiation, and pluripotency. Conditional reactivation of Lin28 gene in adult mice markedly accelerates the wound-healing process in injured digits. However, little is known about its functions and molecular mechanism in human dental pulp. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of overexpression of Lin28 gene on the proliferation of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). For this purpose, a number of molecular and biochemical analytical techniques, including the ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, RNA-protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) analysis, and luciferase assays, were used for detailed characterization. In addition, factors regulating HDPCs activation were explored through gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses. The results demonstrate that Lin28 promotes cell proliferation and the S-G2/M transition of HDPCs and directly binds to a group of cell cycle regulatory mRNAs in HDPCs. Through bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assays, we confirmed that let-7a targets IGF2BP2. Silencing of IGF2BP2 showed similar cellular and molecular effects as let-7a. Similarly, restoration of IGF2BP2 counteracted the effects of let-7a expression. In conclusion, Lin28 promotes cell proliferation by regulation of both mRNA translation (let-7-independent) and miRNA biogenesis (let-7-dependent). Lin28 can promote the expression of pro-proliferative genes by directly enhancing their translation to maintain a tight control over HDPC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Dong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyu Miao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Li Y, Wan Q, Wang W, Mai L, Sha L, Mashrah M, Lin Z, Pan C. LncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 promotes tongue squamous cell carcinoma proliferation, migration and EMT via the miR-600/EZH2 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108719. [PMID: 30970517 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of noncoding RNA transcript that are characterized by lack of protein-coding capacity. The vital role of lncRNAs in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is attracting increasing attention. In the present study, we identify a key lncRNA regulating TSCC metastasis and investigated the underlying mechanism. Our results indicate that the lncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 is most significantly upregulated in TSCC tissues from patients with lymph node metastasis and is closely associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, ADAMTS9-AS2 knockdown in TSCC cells leads to a inhibition of cell migration and invasion and reverses TGF-β1 induced EMT. ADAMTS9-AS2 knockdown also inhibits TSCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we show that ADAMTS9-AS2 is a cytoplasmic lncRNA that shares the miRNA response elements (MREs) of miR-600 with EZH2, which is confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay and AGO2-dependent RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). In summary, our results demonstrate an explicit oncogenic role of ADAMTS9-AS2 in TSCC tumorigenesis via competition with miR-600, suggesting a new regulatory mechanism of ADAMTS9-AS2 and providing a potential therapeutic target for TSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingru Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The sixth affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat_Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Zibo Center Hospital, Zibo, 255000, China
| | - Lianxi Mai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Liujuan Sha
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Mubarak Mashrah
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhaoyu Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Chaobin Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Han Z, Li Q, Wang Y, Wang L, Li X, Ge N, Wang Y, Guo C. Niclosamide Induces Cell Cycle Arrest in G1 Phase in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Let-7d/CDC34 Axis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1544. [PMID: 30687101 PMCID: PMC6333743 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Niclosamide is a traditional anti-tapeworm drug that exhibits potent anti-cancer activity. Our previous study showed that niclosamide induces cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The following study investigated the molecular mechanism through which niclosamide induced G1 arrest in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. The effect of niclosamide on human HNSCC cell line WSU-HN6 and CNE-2Z were analyzed using IncuCyte ZOOMTM assay, flow cytometry (FCM), real-time PCR and western blot. Luciferase assay was conducted to demonstrate the interaction between let-7d (a let-7 family member which functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating cell cycle) and 3′UTR of CDC34 mRNA. Xenografts tumor model was established to evaluate the niclosamide treatment efficacy in vivo. Briefly, an exposure to niclosamide treatment led to an increased let-7d expression and a decreased expression of cell cycle regulator CDC34, finally leading to G1 phase arrest. Moreover, an overexpression of let-7d induced G1 phase arrest and downregulated CDC34, while the knockdown of let-7d partially rescued the niclosamide-induced G1 phase arrest. Luciferase assay confirmed the direct inhibition of CDC34 through the targeting of let-7d. Furthermore, niclosamide markedly inhibited the xenografts growth through up-regulation of let-7d and down-regulation of CDC34. To sum up, our findings suggest that niclosamide induces cell cycle arrest in G1 phase in HNSCC through let-7d/CDC34 axis, which enriches the anti-cancer mechanism of niclosamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxiang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Na Ge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbin Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Yu JJ, Pi WS, Cao Y, Peng AF, Cao ZY, Liu JM, Huang SH, Liu ZL, Zhang W. Let-7a inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth and lung metastasis by targeting Aurora-B. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:6305-6315. [PMID: 30568492 PMCID: PMC6267740 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s185090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Accumulating studies showed that the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) was dysregulated in osteosarcoma (OS). In this study, we sought to investigate the effect of let-7a on OS progression and its potential molecular mechanism. Patients and methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the expression level of let-7a and Aurora-B (AURKB) in OS tissues and cells. The OS cells were treated with let-7a mimic, let7a inhibitor, negative mimic and Lv-AURKB combined with let-7a. The ability of cell proliferation, migration and invasion was measured using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and wound-healing and transwell invasion assays. The protein of AURKB, NF-κβp65, MMP2 and MMP9 was measured by Western blot analysis. Xenograft model was performed to investigate the effects of let-7a on tumor growth and metastasis. The lung metastasis was measured by counting the metastatic node using H&E staining. Results Let-7a expression was significantly underexpressed in OS cell lines and tissues compared with human osteoblast cell lines, hFOB1.19, and adjacent normal bone tissues. Exogenous let-7a inhibited the viability, migratory and invasive ability of OS cells in vitro. In addition, the overexpression of AURKB in OS cells could partly rescue let-7a-mediated tumor inhibition. Also, the overexpression of let-7a inhibited OS cell growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, the results showed that let-7a could decrease the expression of NF-κβp65, MMP2 and MMP9 proteins by targeting AURKB in OS cells. Conclusion Let-7a inhibits the malignant phenotype of OS cells by targeting AURKB at least partially. Targeting let-7a and AURKB/NF-κβ may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wen-Sen Pi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Clinical Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Fen Peng
- College of Humanities, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jia-Ming Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China,
| | - Shan-Hu Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhi-Li Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China,
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Pindiprolu SKSS, Chintamaneni PK, Krishnamurthy PT, Ratna Sree Ganapathineedi K. Formulation-optimization of solid lipid nanocarrier system of STAT3 inhibitor to improve its activity in triple negative breast cancer cells. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 45:304-313. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1539496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Kiran S. S. Pindiprolu
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty (Constituent College), JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Chintamaneni
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty (Constituent College), JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Praveen T. Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty (Constituent College), JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Kinnera Ratna Sree Ganapathineedi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty (Constituent College), JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
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Wu CL, Chen CL, Huang HS, Yu DS. A new niclosamide derivatives-B17 can inhibit urological cancers growth through apoptosis-related pathway. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3945-3954. [PMID: 29953738 PMCID: PMC6089145 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rate of urological cancers is increasing yearly. Niclosamide has been repurposed as an anti‐cancer drug in recent years. Synthesized derivative of niclosamide was testified for its anti‐cancer activity in urological cancers. MTT assay was used to measure the cytotoxicity effect of niclosamide and its derivatives in urological cancer cell lines. Migratory ability was monitored by scratch migration assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle changes were analyzed by annexin V and PI staining. The apoptosis‐related signal proteins were evaluated by western blotting. T24 had the best drug sensitivity with the lowest IC50 in niclosamide and B17 treatment than DU145 and Caki‐1 cells. After niclosamide and B17 treatment, the mitotic cells were decreased, but apoptotic bodies and morphology changes were not prominent in T24, Caki‐1, and DU145 cells. The migratory ability was inhibited in niclosamide treatment than control group on Caki‐1 cells and niclosamide and B17 treatment than control group on DU145 cells. Early apoptosis cells were increased after niclosamide and B17 treatment than control group without cell cycle changes in T24, Caki‐1, and DU145 cells. Programmed cell death was activated majorly through PAPR and bcl‐2 in T24 and caspase‐3 in Caki‐1 cells, respectively. Niclosamide and B17 derivative had good ability in inhibition proliferation and migratory ability in T24, Caki‐1, and DU145 cells without prominent morphology and apoptotic body changes. UCC cells are more sensitive to niclosamide and B17 treatment. Early apoptosis was induced after niclosamide and B17 treatment through different mechanisms in T24, Caki‐1, and DU145 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lun Wu
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institutes for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Shan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institutes for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Shyong Yu
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Activation of STAT3 and Bcl-2 and reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote radioresistance in breast cancer and overcome of radioresistance with niclosamide. Oncogene 2018; 37:5292-5304. [PMID: 29855616 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy significantly improves the therapeutic outcomes and survival of breast cancer patients. However, the acquired resistance to this therapeutic modality is a major clinical challenge. Here we show that ionizing irradiation (IR)-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) at the Tyr705 residue and the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in wild-type and radioresistant MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. Comparing with radiosensitive parental TNBC cells, significantly low levels of ROS and higher protein levels of phospho-STAT3 and Bcl-2 were observed in TNBC cells with acquired radioresistance. Moreover, knockdown of STAT3 by shRNA sensitized the TNBC cells to IR. Niclosamide, a potent inhibitor of STAT3, overcame the radioresistance in TNBC cells via inhibition of STAT3 and Bcl-2 and induction of ROS. In combination with radiation, niclosamide treatment resulted in significant increase of ROS generation and induction of apoptosis in parental and radioresistant TNBC cells in vitro and TNBC xenograft tumors in vivo. These findings demonstrate that activation of STAT3 and Bcl-2 and reduction of ROS contribute to the development of radioresistance in TNBC, and niclosamide acts as a potent radiosensitizer via inhibiting STAT3 and Bcl-2 and increasing ROS generation in TNBC cells and xenograft tumors. Our findings suggest that niclosamide in combination with irradiation may offer an effective alternative approach for restoring the sensitivity of radioresistant TNBC cells to IR for improved therapeutic efficacy and outcomes.
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