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Saadh MJ, Mahdi MS, Allela OQB, Alazzawi TS, Ubaid M, Rakhimov NM, Athab ZH, Ramaiah P, Chinnasamy L, Alsaikhan F, Farhood B. Critical role of miR-21/exosomal miR-21 in autophagy pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155275. [PMID: 38643552 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Activation of autophagy, a process of cellular stress response, leads to the breakdown of proteins, organelles, and other parts of the cell in lysosomes, and can be linked to several ailments, such as cancer, neurological diseases, and rare hereditary syndromes. Thus, its regulation is very carefully monitored. Transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms domestically or in whole organisms utilized to control the autophagic activity, have been heavily researched. In modern times, microRNAs (miRNAs) are being considered to have a part in post-translational orchestration of the autophagic activity, with miR-21 as one of the best studied miRNAs, it is often more than expressed in cancer cells. This regulatory RNA is thought to play a major role in a plethora of processes and illnesses including growth, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation. Different studies have suggested that a few autophagy-oriented genes, such as PTEN, Rab11a, Atg12, SIPA1L2, and ATG5, are all targeted by miR-21, indicating its essential role in the regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | | | | | - Tuqa S Alazzawi
- College of dentist, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Nodir M Rakhimov
- Department of Oncology, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Department of Oncology, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Zainab H Athab
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | | | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia jSchool of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Genedy HH, Humbert P, Laoulaou B, Le Moal B, Fusellier M, Passirani C, Le Visage C, Guicheux J, Lepeltier É, Clouet J. MicroRNA-targeting nanomedicines for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115214. [PMID: 38395361 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Low back pain stands as a pervasive global health concern, afflicting almost 80% of adults at some point in their lives with nearly 40% attributable to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). As only symptomatic relief can be offered to patients there is a dire need for innovative treatments.Given the accumulating evidence that multiple microRNAs (miRs) are dysregulated during IVDD, they could have a huge potential against this debilitating condition. The way miRs can profoundly modulate signaling pathways and influence several cellular processes at once is particularly exciting to tackle this multifaceted disorder. However, miR delivery encounters extracellular and intracellular biological barriers. A promising technology to address this challenge is the vectorization of miRs within nanoparticles, providing both protection and enhancing their uptake within the scarce target cells of the degenerated IVD. This comprehensive review presents the diverse spectrum of miRs' connection with IVDD and demonstrates their therapeutic potential when vectorized in nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein H Genedy
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France; Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Paul Humbert
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France
| | - Bilel Laoulaou
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France; Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Brian Le Moal
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France; Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Marion Fusellier
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, CRIP, ONIRIS, College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes F-44307, France
| | | | - Catherine Le Visage
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Guicheux
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France
| | - Élise Lepeltier
- Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France.
| | - Johann Clouet
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR1229, Nantes, France
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Wu S, Liu S, Huang R, Zhou Y, Zou Y, Yang W, Zhang J. Adiponectin inhibits LPS-induced nucleus pulposus cell pyroptosis through the miR-135a-5p/TXNIP signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13680-13692. [PMID: 38048212 PMCID: PMC10756118 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a newly discovered programmed cell death process, is characterized by NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pro-inflammatory mediator release. Nucleus pulposus (NP) cell pyroptosis is an important cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine and has an anti-inflammatory effect. However, whether and how APN protects against NP cell pyroptosis remains unexplored. Our results showed that human degenerated NP tissue displayed a significant increase in the protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDMD-N. APN expression was down-regulated in human degenerated NP tissue and NP cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of APN increased miR-135a-5p levels, decreased thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression and its interaction with NLRP3, and inhibited pyroptosis in human NP cells stimulated with LPS. TXNIP was identified as a direct target of miR-135a-5p. The inhibitory effects of APN on pyroptosis were reversed by pretreatment with miR-135a-5p inhibitor or lentiviral vector expressing TXNIP in LPS-treated human NP cells. In summary, these data suggest that APN restrains LPS-induced pyroptosis through the miR-135a-5p/TXNIP signaling pathway in human NP cells. Increasing APN levels could be a new approach to retard IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Shida Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Youbing Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yongcheng Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
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Yu H, Jia X, Niu H, Xie L, Du B, Pang Y, Xu X, Li J. miR-23a regulates the disease resistance of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) by targeting autophagy-related genes, ATG3 and ATG12. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:108812. [PMID: 37172750 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs play a key role in the autophagy process. In recent years, the emerging role of autophagy in regulating immune response has attracted increasing attention. Since then, specific miRNAs have also been found to play an immune function indirectly by modulating autophagy as well. This study proved that miR-23a could downregulate grass carp autophagy simultaneously by targeting ATG3 and ATG12. Besides, both ATG3 and ATG12 mRNA levels were increased in kidney and intestine after being infected by Aeromonas hydrophila; yet almost at the same time, miR-23a was decreased. Besides, we illustrated that grass carp miR-23a could affect antimicrobial capacity, proliferation, migration, and antiapoptotic abilities of CIK cells. These results indicate that miR-23a was related to grass carp autophagy and plays an important role in antimicrobial immunity through targeting ATG3 and ATG12, which provides important information on autophagy-related miRNAs about the defense and immune mechanisms against pathogens in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuewen Jia
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiqin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingli Xie
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Du
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifang Pang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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Wang Y, Wu Y, Zhang B, Zheng C, Hu C, Guo C, Kong Q, Wang Y. Repair of degenerative nucleus pulposus by polyphenol nanosphere-encapsulated hydrogel gene delivery system. Biomaterials 2023; 298:122132. [PMID: 37156085 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) progresses due to local inflammatory response, gradually unbalanced anabolic/catabolic activity, and progressive functional impairment within the nucleus pulposus. Antagomir-21, a cholesterol-modified miRNA-21 inhibitor, has potential extracellular matrix (ECM) regenerative ability, but its application for IDD is limited by inadequate local delivery systems. An injectable hydrogel gene delivery system encapsulating a modified tannic acid nanoparticles (TA NPs) vector was engineered for on-demand and sustained delivery of antagomir-21 into the nucleus pulposus. After nucleus pulposus cell uptake, antagomir-21 was released from TA NPs and regulated the ECM metabolic balance by inhibiting the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. TA NPs scavenged intracellular ROS and reduced inflammation by downregulating TNF-α expression. In vivo, synergistic anti-inflammatory effects and ECM regeneration effectively promoted therapeutic efficacy against IDD. This hydrogel gene delivery system represents a creative, promising strategy for IDD repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingquan Kong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Matai L, Slack FJ. MicroRNAs in Age-Related Proteostasis and Stress Responses. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:26. [PMID: 37104008 PMCID: PMC10143298 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with the accumulation of damaged and misfolded proteins through a decline in the protein homeostasis (proteostasis) machinery, leading to various age-associated protein misfolding diseases such as Huntington's or Parkinson's. The efficiency of cellular stress response pathways also weakens with age, further contributing to the failure to maintain proteostasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that bind target messenger RNAs at their 3'UTR, resulting in the post-transcriptional repression of gene expression. From the discovery of aging roles for lin-4 in C. elegans, the role of numerous miRNAs in controlling the aging process has been uncovered in different organisms. Recent studies have also shown that miRNAs regulate different components of proteostasis machinery as well as cellular response pathways to proteotoxic stress, some of which are very important during aging or in age-related pathologies. Here, we present a review of these findings, highlighting the role of individual miRNAs in age-associated protein folding and degradation across different organisms. We also broadly summarize the relationships between miRNAs and organelle-specific stress response pathways during aging and in various age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank J. Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Aroke EN, Hobson JM, Ptacek T, Jackson P, Goodin BR. Genome-wide DNA methylation study identifies significant epigenomic changes associated with internalized stigma in adults with non-specific chronic low back pain. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2022; 3:1021963. [PMID: 36518098 PMCID: PMC9742283 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.1021963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-specific chronic low back pain (cLBP) represents a common musculoskeletal condition with no identifiable cause. It cannot be diagnosed with conventional neuroimaging techniques such as computerized tomography (CT). The diagnostic uncertainty that characterizes non-specific cLBP can lead to stigmatizing responses from others that can become internalized Among individuals with non-specific cLBP, internalized stigma is associated with greater pain intensity and disability. Yet, no study has examined the biological mechanism linking high internalized stigma to worse outcomes in individuals with non-specific cLBP. We aimed to identify differentially methylated loci (DML), enrichment pathways, and associated network interactions among individuals with non-specific cLBP experiencing low vs. high internalized stigma. We examined DNA methylation in whole blood samples from 48 adults, ages 19-85, using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS). After controlling for age, sex, race, and multiple testing, differentially methylated loci (DML) differed in adults with low vs. high internalized stigma by at least 10% and q < 0.01 in 3,665 CpG sites: 2,280 hypomethylated and 1,385 hypermethylated. Gene ontology (GO) analyses of the annotated genes from these sites revealed significant enrichment of 274 biological processes, 29 cellular components, and 24 molecular functions (adjusted p < 0.05). The top enriched molecular functions regulate protein binding and DNA binding of transcription factor activity. Pathway analyses indicated that many functional genomic pathways, including Hippo Signaling, Melanogenesis, and Pathways in Cancer, were enriched with differentially methylated genes. Also, there was a significant interaction between relevance pathways such as P53, mTOR, PI3K-Akt, and Wnt signaling pathways. These pathways have previously been associated with neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and stress-related conditions. Thus, findings point to possible stress-induced DNAm changes as the link between high levels of internalized stigma and worse outcomes in adults with non-specific cLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin N. Aroke
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Joanna M. Hobson
- Biobehavioral Pain Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Travis Ptacek
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Pamela Jackson
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Burel R. Goodin
- Biobehavioral Pain Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Center for Addiction and Pain Prevention and Intervention (CAPPI), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Zhang C, Li Z, Li L, Li S, Yang L, Chen L, Zhang X, Yang S, Guo Y. Achyranthoside D (AD) improve intervertebral disc degeneration through affect the autophagy and the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2022; 30:10225536221135474. [PMID: 36307202 DOI: 10.1177/10225536221135474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to explore the potential mechanism of Achyranthoside D (AD) in improving intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD). METHODS The IDD model of SD rats and nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) was established by lumbar cone annulus puncture and tert-butyl peroxide, respectively. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. IVD tissue injury was observed by HE staining. Alcian blue staining observed the glycoprotein secretion in IVD. Monodansylcadaverin (MDC) staining was used to detect the formation of autophagosomes. The LC3 expression was tested by immunofluorescence. The type II collagen, aggrecan and MMP3 expression were detected by ELISA. RT-qPCR was used to detect the Casp 3, Bax, Bcl2, Acan, Col2a1 and Mmp3 expression. The LC3, P62, type II collagen, aggrecan, Beclin1, Akt, MMP3, p-mTOR, PI3K, mTOR, p-PI3K and p-Akt expression were analyzed by western blot. RESULTS The IVD tissue damage and apoptosis occurred in the Model group, and the glycoprotein secretion decreased. Compared with Model group, AD-H group alleviated the injury of IVD tissue, inhibited the apoptosis of cells, and increased the secretion of glycoprotein. 40 μg/mL AD restored the proliferation activity of NPCs. Compared to the Normal group, the NPCs apoptosis increased, the Collagen II, aggrecan and Bcl2 expressions were significantly decreased, the MMP3, Bax and Casp 3 expression were significantly increased, and the LC-3 II/I expression in IVD tissues were increased significantly in Model group, all of which was reversed in AD group. AD promoted the p-Akt, p-PI3K, p-mTOR, LC-3 II/I and Beclin1 expression, inhibited the P62 expression to alleviate the damage of nucleus pulporeus cells and the degeneration of IVD. CONCLUSION AD improved IDD by affecting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Spine Orthopedics Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zhaoyong Li
- Spine Orthopedics Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Linghui Li
- Wangjing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuofu Li
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medical, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Long Chen
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medical, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medical, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shaofeng Yang
- Spine Orthopedics Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yantao Guo
- Spine Orthopedics Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
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Chen H, Zhou J, Zhang G, Luo Z, Li L, Kang X. Emerging role and therapeutic implication of mTOR signalling in intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Prolif 2022; 56:e13338. [PMID: 36193577 PMCID: PMC9816935 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), an important cause of chronic low back pain (LBP), is considered the pathological basis for various spinal degenerative diseases. A series of factors, including inflammatory response, oxidative stress, autophagy, abnormal mechanical stress, nutritional deficiency, and genetics, lead to reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis by intervertebral disc (IVD) cells and accelerate IDD progression. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that plays a vital role in diverse degenerative diseases. Recent studies have shown that mTOR signalling is involved in the regulation of autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, ECM homeostasis, cellular senescence, and apoptosis in IVD cells. Accordingly, we reviewed the mechanism of mTOR signalling in the pathogenesis of IDD to provide innovative ideas for future research and IDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai‐Wei Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jian‐Wei Zhou
- Department of OrthopaedicsLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu ProvinceLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansu ProvincePeople's Republic of China
| | - Guang‐Zhi Zhang
- Department of OrthopaedicsLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhang‐Bin Luo
- Department of OrthopaedicsLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xue‐Wen Kang
- Department of OrthopaedicsLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuPeople's Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu ProvinceLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansu ProvincePeople's Republic of China
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Wang Z, Zhou H, Cheng F, Zhang Z, Long S. MiR-21 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in intestinal fibrosis of Crohn's disease by targeting PTEN/mTOR. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:1358-1366. [PMID: 35504804 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested miR-21 regulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis in organs. The aim of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of miR-21 in EMT process of CD(Crohn's disease)-associated intestinal fibrosis. METHODS Tissue biopsies from fibrotic and nonfibrotic intestine of CD patients, and non-CD patients were obtained; chronic intestinal fibrosis model established by TNBS was treated with antagonist of miR-21; human intestinal epithelial cell, NCM460, were transfected with miR-21 mimics or inhibitor. The expressions of PTEN and mTOR, EMT-related markers and severity of colitis and fibrosis were examined. RESULTS Compared to the controls, miR-21 was significantly upregulated in the intestinal tissues from CD patients with fibro stenosis, followed by decreased PTEN expression, increased EMT markers, and mTOR expression, and imbalanced ratio of MMP9(matrix metalloproteinase 9)/TIMP1(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1). MiR-21 downregulated the expression of PTEN and upregulated mTOR signal in NCM460 cell. Also, knocking miR-21 down reduced EMT in vitro. Inhibiting miR-21 with antagonists reversed TNBS-induced intestinal fibrosis in vivo, through suppressing EMT and balancing MMPs/TIMPs. CONCLUSION We identified the involvement of miR-21 in EMT during intestinal fibrosis via targeting PTEN and mTOR, and miR-21 inhibition relieved intestinal fibrosis by regulating extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling . Our results indicated miR-21 as a potential new target for the treatment of fibrosis complication in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and China Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and China Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and China Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhendong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and China Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Shunhua Long
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and China Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
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Bahar ME, Hwang JS, Ahmed M, Lai TH, Pham TM, Elashkar O, Akter KM, Kim DH, Yang J, Kim DR. Targeting Autophagy for Developing New Therapeutic Strategy in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081571. [PMID: 36009290 PMCID: PMC9405341 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent cause of low back pain. IVDD is characterized by abnormal expression of extracellular matrix components such as collagen and aggrecan. In addition, it results in dysfunctional growth, senescence, and death of intervertebral cells. The biological pathways involved in the development and progression of IVDD are not fully understood. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying IVDD could aid in the development of strategies for prevention and treatment. Autophagy is a cellular process that removes damaged proteins and dysfunctional organelles, and its dysfunction is linked to a variety of diseases, including IVDD and osteoarthritis. In this review, we describe recent research findings on the role of autophagy in IVDD pathogenesis and highlight autophagy-targeting molecules which can be exploited to treat IVDD. Many studies exhibit that autophagy protects against and postpones disc degeneration. Further research is needed to determine whether autophagy is required for cell integrity in intervertebral discs and to establish autophagy as a viable therapeutic target for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Entaz Bahar
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, GyeongNam, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, GyeongNam, Korea
| | - Mahmoud Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, GyeongNam, Korea
| | - Trang Huyen Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, GyeongNam, Korea
| | - Trang Minh Pham
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, GyeongNam, Korea
| | - Omar Elashkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, GyeongNam, Korea
| | - Kazi-Marjahan Akter
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, GyeongNam, Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Hospital and Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, GyeongNam, Korea
| | - Jinsung Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, GyeongNam, Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, GyeongNam, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-8054
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12
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Xin J, Wang Y, Zheng Z, Wang S, Na S, Zhang S. Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Orthop Surg 2022; 14:1271-1280. [PMID: 35486489 PMCID: PMC9251272 DOI: 10.1111/os.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) causes a variety of signs and symptoms, such as low back pain (LBP), intervertebral disc herniation, and spinal stenosis, which contribute to high social and economic costs. IDD results from many factors, including genetic factors, aging, mechanical injury, malnutrition, and so on. The pathological changes of IDD are mainly composed of the senescence and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), the progressive degeneration of extracellular matrix (ECM), the fibrosis of annulus fibrosus (AF), and the inflammatory response. At present, IDD can be treated by conservative treatment and surgical treatment based on patients' symptoms. However, all of these can only release the pain but cannot reverse IDD and reconstruct the mechanical function of the spine. The latest research is moving towards the field of biotherapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regard as the potential therapy of IDD because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into a variety of tissues. Moreover, the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are found to regulate many vital processes in IDD. There have been many successes in the in vitro and animal studies of using biotherapy to treat IDD, but how to transform the experimental data to real therapy which can apply to humans is still a challenge. This article mainly reviews the treatment strategies and research progress of IDD and indicates that there are many problems that need to be solved if the new biotherapy is to be applied to clinical treatment of IDD. This will provide reference and guidance for clinical treatment and research direction of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguo Xin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shibo Na
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, China
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13
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Wu T, Jia X, Zhu Z, Guo K, Wang Q, Gao Z, Li X, Huang Y, Wu D. Inhibition of miR-130b-3p restores autophagy and attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration through mediating ATG14 and PRKAA1. Apoptosis 2022; 27:409-425. [PMID: 35435532 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01725-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced autophagy dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) not only have been regarded as important regulators of IVDD but also reported to be related to autophagy. This research was aimed to explore the role of miR-130b-3p in IVDD and its regulation on autophagy mechanism. The miR-130b-3p expression in the patient's degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) samples and rat NP tissues was detected by qRT-PCR and FISH assay. The miR-130b-3p was knocked down or overexpressed in the human NP cells by lentivirus transfection. TBHP was used to induce oxidative stress in the human NP cells. Apoptosis, senescence, and autophagy were evaluated by flow cytometry, β-gal staining, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and Western blot in the miR-130b-3p knocked down human NP cells under TBHP treatment. The relationship between the miR-130b-3p and ATG14 or PRKAA1 was confirmed by luciferase assay. The siRNA transfection was used to knock down the ATG14 and PRKAA1 expression, and then the human NP cells functions were further determined. In the in vivo experiment, the IVDD rat model was constructed and an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-miR-130b-3p inhibitor was intradiscally injected. After that, MRI and histological staining were conducted to evaluate the role of miR-130b-3p inhibition in the IVDD rat model. We found that the miR-130b-3p was upregulated in the degenerative NP samples from humans and rats. Interestingly, the inhibition of miR-130b-3p rescued oxidative stress-induced dysfunction of the human NP cells, and miR-130b-3p inhibition upregulated autophagy. Mechanistically, we confirmed that the miR-130b-3p regulated the ATG14 and PRKAA1 directly and the knockdown of the ATG14 or PRKAA1 as well as the treatment of autophagy inhibitor blockaded the autophagic flux and reversed the protective effects of miR-130b-3p inhibition in the TBHP-induced human NP cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of the miR-130b-3p via AAV- miR-130b-3p injection ameliorated the IVDD in a rat model. These data demonstrated that the miR-130b-3p inhibition could upregulate the autophagic flux and alleviate the IVDD via targeting ATG14 and PRKAA1.The translational potential of this article: The suppression of miR-130b-3p may become an effective therapeutic strategy for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongde Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Pudong District, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xuebing Jia
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Ziqi Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Pudong District, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Pudong District, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Pudong District, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Pudong District, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yufeng Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Pudong District, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Desheng Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Pudong District, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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14
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Wang C, Cui L, Gu Q, Guo S, Zhu B, Liu X, Li Y, Liu X, Wang D, Li S. The Mechanism and Function of miRNA in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Orthop Surg 2022; 14:463-471. [PMID: 35142050 PMCID: PMC8926997 DOI: 10.1111/os.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) disease has been considered as the main cause of low back pain (LBP), which is a very common symptom and the leading cause of disability worldwide today. The pathological mechanism of IDD remains quite complicated, and genetic, developmental, biochemical, and biomechanical factors all contribute to the development of the disease. There exists no effective, non-surgical treatment for IDD nowadays, which is largely related to the lack of knowledge of the specific mechanisms of IDD, and the lack of effective specific targets. Recently, non-coding RNA, including miRNA, has been recognized as an important regulator of gene expression. Current studies on the effects of miRNA in IDD have confirmed that a variety of miRNAs play a crucial role in the process of IDD via nucleus pulposus cells (NPC) apoptosis, abnormal proliferation, inflammatory factors, the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and annulus fibrosus (AF) degeneration. In the past 10 years, research on miRNA has been quite active in IDD. This review summarizes the current research progression of miRNA in the IDD and puts forward some prospects and challenges on non-surgical treatment for IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Wang
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, Mianyang Orthopaedic Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Qinwen Gu
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xueli Liu
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dingxuan Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sen Li
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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15
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Protein tyrosine phosphatases in skeletal development and diseases. Bone Res 2022; 10:10. [PMID: 35091552 PMCID: PMC8799702 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal development and homeostasis in mammals are modulated by finely coordinated processes of migration, proliferation, differentiation, and death of skeletogenic cells originating from the mesoderm and neural crest. Numerous molecular mechanisms are involved in these regulatory processes, one of which is protein posttranslational modifications, particularly protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PYP). PYP occurs mainly through the action of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), modifying protein enzymatic activity, changing its cellular localization, and aiding in the assembly or disassembly of protein signaling complexes. Under physiological conditions, PYP is balanced by the coordinated action of PTKs and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Dysregulation of PYP can cause genetic, metabolic, developmental, and oncogenic skeletal diseases. Although PYP is a reversible biochemical process, in contrast to PTKs, little is known about how this equilibrium is modulated by PTPs in the skeletal system. Whole-genome sequencing has revealed a large and diverse superfamily of PTP genes (over 100 members) in humans, which can be further divided into cysteine (Cys)-, aspartic acid (Asp)-, and histidine (His)-based PTPs. Here, we review current knowledge about the functions and regulatory mechanisms of 28 PTPs involved in skeletal development and diseases; 27 of them belong to class I and II Cys-based PTPs, and the other is an Asp-based PTP. Recent progress in analyzing animal models that harbor various mutations in these PTPs and future research directions are also discussed. Our literature review indicates that PTPs are as crucial as PTKs in supporting skeletal development and homeostasis.
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16
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Tan J, Li Z, Liu L, Liu H, Xue J. IL‐17 in intervertebral disc degeneration: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:535-547. [PMID: 35066966 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Hua Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangHunan421001China
| | - Ze‐Peng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangHunan421001China
| | - Lu‐Lu Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangHunan421001China
| | - Hao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangHunan421001China
| | - Jing‐Bo Xue
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangHunan421001China
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17
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Mechanism of Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR in Nucleus Pulposus Cell Autophagy and Apoptosis in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8504601. [PMID: 35027936 PMCID: PMC8752263 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8504601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) contributes to cervical and lumbar diseases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in IDD. This study explored the mechanism of lncRNA HOTAIR in IDD. Methods Normal and degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were isolated from NP tissues obtained in intervertebral disc surgery. Cell morphology was observed by immunocytochemistry staining and toluidine blue staining. NP cell markers were detected by RT-qPCR. Proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Autophagy-related proteins were detected by Western blot. Autophagosome was observed by monodansylcadaverine fluorescence staining. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. si-HOTAIR and/or miR-148a inhibitor was introduced into degenerative NP cells. Binding relationships among HOTAIR, miR-148a, and PTEN were predicted and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down. Finally, IDD rat models were established. Rat caudal intervertebral discs were assessed by HE staining. Expressions of HOTAIR, miR-148a, and PTEN were determined by RT-qPCR. Results HOTAIR was highly expressed in degenerative NP cells (p < 0.05). si-HOTAIR inhibited degenerative NP cell apoptosis and autophagy (p < 0.05). HOTAIR upregulated PTEN as a sponge of miR-148a. miR-148a was poorly expressed in degenerative NP cells. miR-148a deficiency partially reversed the inhibition of si-HOTAIR on degenerative NP cell autophagy and apoptosis (all p < 0.05). In vivo assay confirmed that si-HOTAIR impeded autophagy and apoptosis in intervertebral disc tissues, thus improving pathological injury in IDD rats (all p < 0.05). Conclusion LncRNA HOTAIR promoted NP cell autophagy and apoptosis via promoting PTEN expression as a ceRNA of miR-148a in IDD.
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18
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Jiang C, Chen Z, Wang X, Zhang Y, Guo X, Xu Z, Yang H, Hao D. The potential mechanisms and application prospects of non-coding RNAs in intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1081185. [PMID: 36568075 PMCID: PMC9772433 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1081185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal symptoms and severely affects patient quality of life. The majority of people may suffer from LBP during their life-span, which leading to huge economic burdens to family and society. According to the series of the previous studies, intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is considered as the major contributor resulting in LBP. Furthermore, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), can regulate diverse cellular processes, which have been found to play pivotal roles in the development of IDD. However, the potential mechanisms of action for ncRNAs in the processes of IDD are still completely unrevealed. Therefore, it is challenging to consider ncRNAs to be used as the potential therapeutic targets for IDD. In this paper, we reviewed the current research progress and findings on ncRNAs in IDD: i). ncRNAs mainly participate in the process of IDD through regulating apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, metabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM) and inflammatory response; ii). the roles of miRNAs/lncRNAs/circRNAs are cross-talk in IDD development, which is similar to the network and can modulate each other; iii). ncRNAs have been attempted to combat the degenerative processes and may be promising as an efficient bio-therapeutic strategy in the future. Hence, this review systematically summarizes the principal pathomechanisms of IDD and shed light on the therapeutic potentials of ncRNAs in IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Yongyuan Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhengwei Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Yang, ; Dingjun Hao,
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Yang, ; Dingjun Hao,
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19
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Yang W, Huang XD, Zhang T, Zhou YB, Zou YC, Zhang J. LncRNA MIR155HG functions as a ceRNA of miR-223-3p to promote cell pyroptosis in human degenerative NP cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 207:241-252. [PMID: 35020847 PMCID: PMC8982970 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleus pulposus (NP) cell pyroptosis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD). MIR155 host gene (MIR155HG) is a long non-coding RNA with pro-inflammatory activity. However, very little is known about its role in NP cell pyroptosis. This study aimed to observe the impact of MIR155HG on cell pyroptosis and to explore the underlying mechanism in human degenerative NP cells. Our results demonstrated that MIR155HG expression was significantly increased in human degenerative NP tissue samples and showed a positive correlation with Pfirrmann score. Overexpression of MIR155HG through a lentiviral vector decreased miR-223-3p levels, up-regulated NLRP3 expression and induced cell pyroptosis in human degenerative NP cells. A ceRNA action mode was identified among MIR155HG, miR-223-3p, and NLRP3. The stimulatory effect of MIR155HG on human degenerative NP cell pyroptosis was significantly reversed by pretreatment with miR-223-3p mimic or NLRP3 siRNA. In summary, these data suggest that MIR155HG sponges miR-223-3p to promote NLRP3 expression, leading to induction of cell pyroptosis in human degenerative NP cells. Targeting MIR155HG could be a novel and promising strategy to slow down the progression of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xu-Dong Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - You-Bin Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yong-Cheng Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China,Correspondence: Jian Zhang, The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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20
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Roy SG. Regulation of autophagy by miRNAs in human diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 64:317-329. [PMID: 34690368 PMCID: PMC8520464 DOI: 10.1007/s13237-021-00378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a homeostatic process designed to eliminate dysfunctional and aging organelles and misfolded proteins through a well-concerted pathway, starting with forming a double-membrane vesicle and culminating in the lysosomal degradation of the cargo enclosed inside the mature vesicle. As a vital sentry of cellular health, autophagy is regulated in every human disease condition and is an essential target for non-coding RNAs like microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are short oligonucleotides that specifically bind to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs, thus leading to mRNA silencing, degradation, or translation blockage. This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the regulation of autophagy and autophagy-related genes by different miRNAs in various pathological conditions, including cancer, kidney and liver disorders, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disorders, infectious diseases, aging-related conditions, and inflammation-related diseases. As miRNAs are being identified as prime regulators of autophagy in human disease, pharmacological molecules and traditional medicines targeting these miRNAs are also being tested in disease models, thus initiating a new series of therapeutic interventions targeting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sounak Ghosh Roy
- Department of Internal Medicine – Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
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21
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Dong L, Dong B. miR-489-3p overexpression inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis, inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation via targeting Toll-like receptor 4. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1323. [PMID: 34630677 PMCID: PMC8495590 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common disease with a high morbidity rate, which results in a significant deterioration in the quality of life of patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that influence target genes and serve critical roles in numerous biological processes. However, the role of miR-489-3p in lumbar disc degeneration is yet to be elucidated. In the present study, human NP cells were treated with 10 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h to investigate the role of miR-489-3p in IDD in an in vitro model. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR was performed to determine the expression levels of miR-489-3p. Then, the TargetScan database was used to predict the potential binding sites between miR-489-3p and Toll-like receptor (TLR)4, and a dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the findings. Subsequently, RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to analyze the expression levels of TLR4. In addition, human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were transfected with a miR-489-3p mimic and TLR4 overexpression plasmid to study the effects of miR-489-3p on LPS-induced human NP cells. Cell apoptosis and cell viability were also determined using flow cytometry and MTT assays, respectively. Finally, ELISAs were performed to analyze the levels of inflammatory factors. The expression levels of miR-489-3p were discovered to be downregulated in LPS-treated human NP cells. In addition, TLR4 was revealed to be a direct target gene of miR-489-3p, and its expression levels were upregulated in LPS-treated human NP cells. miR-489-3p was found to inhibit the LPS-induced decreases in cell viability and increases in apoptosis, and the concentration of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, miR-489-3p suppressed the LPS-induced decreases in extracellular matrix deposition via decreasing the expression levels of aggrecan and collagen type II in human NP cells. Finally, the results revealed that miR-489-3p inhibited the LPS-induced activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in human NP cells. Conversely, all of the effects of miR-489-3p on LPS-induced human NP cells were reversed by the TLR4 overexpression plasmid. These findings suggested that miR-489-3p may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Dong
- Pain Rehabilitation Department of TCM Orthopedic Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
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Zhao Y, Li A. miR-19b-3p relieves intervertebral disc degeneration through modulating PTEN/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22459-22473. [PMID: 34554926 PMCID: PMC8507280 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging studies have revealed that non-coding RNAs contribute to regulating intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Here, we intended to probe into the function of miR-19b-3p in IVDD evolvement. The miR-19b-3p level in the intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues of IVDD patients and IL-1β/TNF-α/hydrogen peroxide-treated human nucleus pulposus cells (HNPCs) was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Also, qRT-PCR was conducted to examine the profiles of MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5. The PTEN/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was examined by Western blot (WB). The miR-19b-3p overexpression assay was carried out, and HNPC proliferation and apoptosis were compared by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry (FCM). In addition, the mechanism of action of miR-19b-3p was clarified using the PTEN inhibitor (VO-Ohpic triphosphate) or the mTOR inhibitor (Rapamycin) on the basis of IL-1β intervention and miR-19b-3p mimics transfection. Our results testified that miR-19b-3p expression was curbed in IVD tissues of the IVDD patients (vs. normal IVD tissues) and IL-1β-, TNF-α, or hydrogen peroxide-treated HNPCs. Up-regulating miR-19b-3p enhanced HNPC proliferation and hampered its apoptosis. Moreover, miR-19b-3p dampened the PTEN profile and activated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Interestingly, attenuating PTEN reduced IL-1β-, TNF-α-, or hydrogen peroxide-mediated HNPC apoptosis and up-regulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR, while inhibiting the mTOR pathway offset the protective function of miR-19b-3p. Further mechanism studies illustrated that miR-19b-3p targeted the 3'untranslated region (UTR) of PTEN and abated the PTEN level. This research confirmed that miR-19b-3p suppressed HNPC apoptosis in the in-vitro model of IVDD by regulating PTEN/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, ShanDong University, Qingdao 266035, ShanDong, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, ShanDong University, Qingdao 266035, ShanDong, China
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Construction of a Potentially Functional circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Network in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8352683. [PMID: 34395625 PMCID: PMC8357516 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8352683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background The competing endogenous RNA- (ceRNA-) mediated regulatory mechanisms are known to play a pivotal role in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Our research intended to establish a ceRNA regulatory network related to IDD through bioinformatics analyses. Methods The expression profiles of circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA were obtained from the public Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Then, we use sequence-based bioinformatics methods to select differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), microRNAs (DEmiRNAs), or circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) related to IDD. We used ChEA3 to verify the targets of transcription factors (TFs). Then, we used DAVID to annotate the DEmRNAs. Finally, we constructed a potentially circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network related to IDD by predicting in the database (ENCORI, TargetScan, miRecords, miRmap, and circBank). Results We identified 31 common DEmRNAs by Venn analysis, of which MMP2 was regarded as the key hub genes. Simultaneously, miR-423-5p and miR-185-5p were predicted as the upstream molecules of MMP2. Furthermore, a total of six DEcircRNAs were predicted as the upstream circRNAs of miR-423-5p and miR-185-5p. Then, a potential circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network related to IDD was constructed by bioinformatics analysis. Conclusion A comprehensive ceRNA regulatory network was constructed, which was found to be significant in IDD progression.
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Yang F, Wang J, Chen Z, Yang Y, Zhang W, Guo S, Yang Q. Role of microRNAs in intervertebral disc degeneration (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:860. [PMID: 34178133 PMCID: PMC8220656 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of lower back pain caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is gradually increasing. IDD not only affects the quality of life of the patients, but also poses a major socioeconomic burden. There is currently no optimal method for delaying or reversing IDD, mainly due to its unknown pathogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) participate in the development of a number of diseases, including IDD. Abnormal expression of miRNAs in the intervertebral disc is implicated in various pathological processes underlying the development of IDD, including nucleus pulposus (NP) cell (NPC) proliferation, NPC apoptosis, extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation and cartilaginous endplate changes, among others. The focus of the present review was the advances in research on the involvement of miRNAs in the mechanism underlying IDD. Further research is expected to identify markers for early diagnosis of IDD and new targets for delaying or reversing IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jizu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Shifang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Qingshan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Wang S, Guo Y, Zhang X, Wang C. miR‑654‑5p inhibits autophagy by targeting ATG7 via mTOR signaling in intervertebral disc degeneration. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:444. [PMID: 33846806 PMCID: PMC8060800 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common chronic disease characterized by the loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the nucleus pulposus (NP). Accumulating evidence has revealed that abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRs) is closely associated with IDD development. The present study aimed to investigate the precise role and possible mechanism underlying the effects of miR‑654‑5p in the pathogenesis of IDD. NP cells were isolated from patients with IDD. Monodansylcadaverine staining was conducted to reveal cell autophagy, while western blotting was performed to detect the expression of ECM‑related proteins in NP cells. Luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to identify the binding between RNAs. The results demonstrated that miR‑654‑5p was significantly upregulated in degenerated NP tissues from patients with IDD and high miR‑654‑5p expression was positively associated with disc degeneration grade. Functional assays suggested that miR‑654‑5p facilitated ECM degradation by increasing the expression levels of MMP‑3, MMP‑9 and MMP‑13, as well as decreasing collagen I, collagen II, SOX9 and aggrecan expression by inhibiting autophagy. Furthermore, autophagy‑related gene 7 (ATG7) was verified as a direct downstream target gene of miR‑654‑5p. miR‑654‑5p could bind to the 3' untranslated region of ATG7 to inhibit its mRNA expression and further reduce its translation. Notably, ATG7 knockdown abrogated the effects of the miR‑654‑5p inhibitor on ECM degradation and autophagy regulation. Furthermore, miR‑654‑5p inhibited autophagy in NP cells by increasing the protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p)‑PI3K, p‑AKT and p‑mTOR in an ATG7‑dependent manner. In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that miR‑654‑5p may enhance ECM degradation via inhibition of autophagy by targeting ATG7 to activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings may provide novel insights into the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanzheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yudong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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26
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Lashgari NA, Roudsari NM, Momtaz S, Ghanaatian N, Kohansal P, Farzaei MH, Afshari K, Sahebkar A, Abdolghaffari AH. Targeting Mammalian Target of Rapamycin: Prospects for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1605-1624. [PMID: 32364064 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200504081503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a general term for a group of chronic and progressive disorders. Several cellular and biomolecular pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, yet the etiology is unclear. Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in the intestinal epithelial cells was also shown to induce inflammation. This review focuses on the inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway and its potential application in treating IBD. We also provide an overview of plant-derived compounds that are beneficial for the IBD management through modulation of the mTOR pathway. Data were extracted from clinical, in vitro and in vivo studies published in English between 1995 and May 2019, which were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Cochrane library databases. Results of various studies implied that inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway downregulates the inflammatory processes and cytokines involved in IBD. In this context, a number of natural products might reverse the pathological features of the disease. Furthermore, mTOR provides a novel drug target for IBD. Comprehensive clinical studies are required to confirm the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors in treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser-Aldin Lashgari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Momeni Roudsari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Negar Ghanaatian
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parichehr Kohansal
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Khashayar Afshari
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Department of pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Jiang J, Sun Y, Xu G, Wang H, Wang L. The role of miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA in the development of intervertebral disk degeneration (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:555. [PMID: 33850527 PMCID: PMC8027750 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a degenerative musculoskeletal disorder with multiple causative factors, such as age, genetics, mechanics and life style. IVDD contributes to non-specific lower back pain (NLBP), which is a globally prevalent and debilitating musculoskeletal disorder. NLBP has a substantial impact on medical resources and creates an economic burden for the public. Dysregulated phenotypes of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and endplate chondrocytes, such as proliferation, senescence and apoptosis, along with aberrant expression of extracellular matrix components, including type II collagen and aggrecan, are involved in the pathological process of IVDD. Evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs, mainly microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play a vital role in the development of IVDD. In the present review, the potential molecular mechanisms of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in the initiation and progression of IVDD were described based on the latest literature. Furthermore, ways to influence the functions of NP cells and endplate chondrocytes in IVDD were also summarized. The presented insights suggested that non-coding RNAs may function as potential targets for the treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jiang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Yuefeng Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Gaoran Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
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28
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Chen R, Yang F, Wang Y, Wang X, Fan X. Pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 activity protects against inflammation-induced apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e10185. [PMID: 33729389 PMCID: PMC7959168 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x202010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lumbar disc herniation is a common disease characterized by the degeneration of intervertebral discs (IVDs), accompanied by imbalance of metabolic and inflammatory homeostasis. Current studies establish that IVD degeneration is induced by increased apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of NP cell survival/apoptosis are not well elucidated. Here, we reveal a novel mechanism by which mTORC1 signaling controls NP cell survival through regulating metabolic homeostasis. We demonstrated that hyperactivated mTORC1 activity induced by inflammatory cytokines engenders the apoptosis of NP cells, whereas pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 activity promotes NP cell survival. Using an integrative approach spanning metabolomics and biochemical approaches, we showed that mTORC1 activation enhanced glucose metabolism and lactic acid production, and therefore caused NP cell apoptosis. Our study identified mTORC1 in NP cells as a novel target for IVD degeneration, and provided potential strategies for clinical intervention of lumbar disc herniation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rigao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinling Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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29
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Non-coding RNAs modulate function of extracellular matrix proteins. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111240. [PMID: 33454598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) creates a multifaceted system for the interaction of diverse structural proteins, matricellular molecules, proteoglycans, hyaluronan, and various glycoproteins that collaborate and bind with each other to produce a bioactive polymer. Alterations in the composition and configuration of ECM elements influence the cellular phenotype, thus participating in the pathogenesis of several human disorders. Recent studies indicate the crucial roles of non-coding RNAs in the modulation of ECM. Several miRNAs such as miR-21, miR-26, miR-19, miR-140, miR-29, miR-30, miR-133 have been dysregulated in disorders that are associated with disruption or breakdown of the ECM. Moreover, expression of MALAT1, PVT1, SRA1, n379519, RMRP, PFL, TUG1, TM1P3, FAS-AS1, PART1, XIST, and expression of other lncRNAs is altered in disorders associated with the modification of ECM components. In the current review, we discuss the role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in the modification of ECM and their relevance with the pathophysiology of human disorders such as cardiac/ lung fibrosis, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, asthma, osteoarthritis, and cancers.
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30
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Ramos YFM, Mobasheri A. MicroRNAs and Regulation of Autophagy in Chondrocytes. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2245:179-194. [PMID: 33315203 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1119-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chondrocytes are the main cells responsible for the maintenance of cartilage homeostasis and integrity. During development, extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules are produced and deposited by chondrocyte precursors. Autophagy, a highly dynamic process aimed at degradation of dysfunctional or pathogenic proteins, organelles, and intracellular microbes that can damage tissues, is one of the key processes required for sustained cartilage homeostasis. In different cell types it has been shown that, among others, autophagy is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms such as small noncoding RNAs (miRNAs, ~22 base pairs). Increasing evidence suggests that miRNAs are also involved in the regulation of autophagy in chondrocytes. Based on our previous research of gene and miRNA expression in articular cartilage, in this chapter we provide a summary of the tools models to direct in vitro and in vivo studies aimed at gaining a better understanding of the regulatory roles of miRNAs in chondrocyte autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolande F M Ramos
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.,Departments of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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31
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Lan T, Shiyu-Hu, Shen Z, Yan B, Chen J. New insights into the interplay between miRNAs and autophagy in the aging of intervertebral discs. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 65:101227. [PMID: 33238206 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) has been widely known as a main contributor to low back pain which has a negative socioeconomic impact worldwide. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and serve key roles in the ageing process of intervertebral disc. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that maintains cellular homeostasis through recycling of nutrients and degradation of damaged or aged cytoplasmic organelles. Autophagy has been proposed as a "double-edged sword" and autophagy dysfunction of IVD cells is considered as a crucial reason of IDD. A rapidly growing number of recent studies demonstrate that both miRNAs and autophagy play important roles in the progression of IDD. Furthermore, accumulated research has indicated that miRNAs target autophagy-related genes and influence the onset and development of IDD. Hence, this review focuses mainly on the current findings regarding the correlations between miRNA, autophagy, and IDD and provides new insights into the role of miRNA-autophagy pathway involved in IDD pathophysiology.
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32
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Tang Z, Ding J, Zhai X, Jing M, Guan Z, Li Y. MicroRNA-21 may be involved in the therapeutic effects of Galla chinensis ointment on keloid. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520909602. [PMID: 32216491 PMCID: PMC7133421 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520909602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Galla chinensis ointment can inhibit the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts and decrease keloid formation. We investigated whether Galla chinensis ointment inhibits keloid fibroblast proliferation through expression of microRNA-21, phosphorylated (p)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K), chromosome 10 neutropenic protein phosphatase (PTEN), protein kinase B (p-Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR). Methods A keloid mouse model and human keloid-derived fibroblasts were developed and treated with Galla chinensis. Immunohistochemistry, western blot, and reverse transcription-PCR were used to detect miR-21, PI3K, PTEN, Akt, and mTOR in keloid tissues. Results p-Akt and p-mTOR were highly expressed in the control group, PTEN was highly expressed in the treatment group, and p-PI3K was highly expressed in keloid tissue in both groups. Galla chinensis reduced miR-21 expression and increased PTEN mRNA expression in keloid fibroblasts compared with the control group, resulting in increased PTEN protein and decreased p-Akt and p-mTOR protein. Galla chinensis had no effect on p-PI3K. Conclusion Galla chinensis might inhibit proliferation of keloid fibroblasts by upregulating PTEN, thus inhibiting expression of miR-21 and downregulating p-Akt and p-mTOR expression. These results confirm the effect of Galla chinensis ointment on fibroblasts and suggest that it could be used to manage keloids clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Tang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xuzhou Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jicun Ding
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Xiaoxiang Zhai, Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, No. 358 Datong Road, Gaoqiao, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200137, China.
| | - Mengqing Jing
- Department of Dermatology, Xuzhou Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Guan
- Department of Dermatology, Xuzhou First People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yongcong Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xuzhou Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, China
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33
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Mesyl phosphoramidate backbone modified antisense oligonucleotides targeting miR-21 with enhanced in vivo therapeutic potency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:32370-32379. [PMID: 33288723 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016158117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of modified oligonucleotides that combine in one molecule several therapeutically beneficial properties still poses a major challenge. Recently a new type of modified mesyl phosphoramidate (or µ-) oligonucleotide was described that demonstrates high affinity to RNA, exceptional nuclease resistance, efficient recruitment of RNase H, and potent inhibition of key carcinogenesis processes in vitro. Herein, using a xenograft mouse tumor model, it was demonstrated that microRNA miR-21-targeted µ-oligonucleotides administered in complex with folate-containing liposomes dramatically inhibit primary tumor growth via long-term down-regulation of miR-21 in tumors and increase in biosynthesis of miR-21-regulated tumor suppressor proteins. This antitumoral effect is superior to the effect of the corresponding phosphorothioate. Peritumoral administration of µ-oligonucleotide results in its rapid distribution and efficient accumulation in the tumor. Blood biochemistry and morphometric studies of internal organs revealed no pronounced toxicity of µ-oligonucleotides. This new oligonucleotide class provides a powerful tool for antisense technology.
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34
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Guo HY, Guo MK, Wan ZY, Song F, Wang HQ. Emerging evidence on noncoding-RNA regulatory machinery in intervertebral disc degeneration: a narrative review. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:270. [PMID: 33198793 PMCID: PMC7667735 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the most common cause of low-back pain. Accumulating evidence indicates that the expression profiling of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are different between intervertebral disc tissues obtained from healthy individuals and patients with IDD. However, the roles of ncRNAs in IDD are still unclear until now. In this review, we summarize the studies concerning ncRNA interactions and regulatory functions in IDD. Apoptosis, aberrant proliferation, extracellular matrix degradation, and inflammatory abnormality are tetrad fundamental pathologic phenotypes in IDD. We demonstrated that ncRNAs are playing vital roles in apoptosis, proliferation, ECM degeneration, and inflammation process of IDD. The ncRNAs participate in underlying mechanisms of IDD in different ways. MiRNAs downregulate target genes’ expression by directly binding to the 3′-untranslated region of mRNAs. CircRNAs and lncRNAs act as sponges or competing endogenous RNAs by competitively binding to miRNAs and regulating the expression of mRNAs. The lncRNAs, circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs widely crosstalk and form complex regulatory networks in the degenerative processes. The current review presents novel insights into the pathogenesis of IDD and potentially sheds light on the therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Ke Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University Warrant Officer School, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Song
- Department of Stomatology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100088, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Qiang Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian Avenue, Xixian District, Shaanxi Province, 712046, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Paik S, Jo EK. An Interplay Between Autophagy and Immunometabolism for Host Defense Against Mycobacterial Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:603951. [PMID: 33262773 PMCID: PMC7688515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.603951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, an intracellular catabolic pathway featuring lysosomal degradation, is a central component of the host immune defense against various infections including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the pathogen that causes tuberculosis. Mtb can evade the autophagic defense and drive immunometabolic remodeling of host phagocytes. Co-regulation of the autophagic and metabolic pathways may play a pivotal role in shaping the innate immune defense and inflammation during Mtb infection. Two principal metabolic sensors, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase, function together to control the autophagy and immunometabolism that coordinate the anti-mycobacterial immune defense. Here, we discuss our current understanding of the interplay between autophagy and immunometabolism in terms of combating intracellular Mtb, and how AMPK-mTOR signaling regulates antibacterial autophagy in terms of Mtb infection. We describe several autophagy-targeting agents that promote host antimicrobial defenses by regulating the AMPK-mTOR axis. A better understanding of the crosstalk between immunometabolism and autophagy, both of which are involved in host defense, is crucial for the development of innovative targeted therapies for tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwha Paik
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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36
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He WS, Zou MX, Yan YG, Yao NZ, Chen WK, Li Z, Wang WJ, Ouyang ZH. Interleukin-17A Promotes Human Disc Degeneration by Inhibiting Autophagy Through the Activation of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt/Bcl2 Signaling Pathway. World Neurosurg 2020; 143:e215-e223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.07.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Ganguly K, Kishore U, Madan T. Interplay between C-type lectin receptors and microRNAs in cellular homeostasis and immune response. FEBS J 2020; 288:4210-4229. [PMID: 33085815 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) belong to the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). They have a critical role to play in the regulation of a range of physiological functions including development, respiration, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immunity. CLRs can recognize distinct and conserved exogenous pathogen-associated as well as endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns. These interactions set off downstream signaling cascades, leading to the production of inflammatory mediators, activation of effector immune cells as well as regulation of the developmental and physiological homeostasis. CLR signaling must be tightly controlled to circumvent the excessive inflammatory burden and to maintain the cellular homeostasis. Recently, MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be important regulators of expression of CLRs and their downstream signaling. The delicate balance between miRNAs and CLRs seems crucial in almost all aspects of multicellular life. Any dysregulations in the miRNA-CLR axes may lead to tumorigenesis or inflammatory diseases. Here, we present an overview of the current understanding of the central role of miRNAs in the regulation of CLR expression, profoundly impacting upon homeostasis and immunity, and thus, development of therapeutics against immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Ganguly
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
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38
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Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) of Japanese Flounder-Its Regulation by miRNA and Role in Autophagy, Apoptosis and Pathogen Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207725. [PMID: 33086544 PMCID: PMC7589652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with important roles in diverse biological processes including immunity. Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is an aquaculture fish species susceptible to the infection of bacterial and viral pathogens including Edwardsiella tarda. In a previous study, pol-miR-novel_547, a novel miRNA of flounder with unknown function, was found to be induced by E. tarda. In the present study, we investigated the regulation and function of pol-miR-novel_547 and its target gene. We found that pol-miR-novel_547 was regulated differently by E. tarda and the viral pathogen megalocytivirus, and pol-miR-novel_547 repressed the expression of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) of flounder (PoPTEN). PoPTEN is ubiquitously expressed in multiple tissues of flounder and responded to bacterial and viral infections. Interference with PoPTEN expression in flounder cells directly or via pol-miR-novel_547 promoted E. tarda invasion. Consistently, in vivo knockdown of PoPTEN enhanced E. tarda dissemination in flounder tissues, whereas in vivo overexpression of PoPTEN attenuated E. tarda dissemination but facilitated megalocytivirus replication. Further in vitro and in vivo studies showed that PoPTEN affected autophagy activation via the AKT/mTOR pathway and also modulated the process of apoptosis. Together these results reveal for the first time a critical role of fish PTEN and its regulatory miRNA in pathogen infection, autophagy, and apoptosis.
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Wang XQ, Tu WZ, Guo JB, Song G, Zhang J, Chen CC, Chen PJ. A Bioinformatic Analysis of MicroRNAs' Role in Human Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. PAIN MEDICINE 2020; 20:2459-2471. [PMID: 30953590 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of our study was to ascertain the underlying role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in human intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Design Bioinformatic analysis from multiple databases. Methods Studies of the association of miRNAs and IDD were identified in multiple electronic databases. All potential studies were assessed by the same inclusion and exclusion criteria. We recorded whether miRNA expression was commonly increased or suppressed in the intervertebral disc tissues and cells of IDD subjects. We used String to identify biological process and cellular component pathways of differentially expressed genes. Results We included fifty-seven articles from 1,277 records in this study. This report identified 40 different dysregulated miRNAs in 53 studies, including studies examining cell apoptosis (26 studies, 49.06%), cell proliferation (15 studies, 28.3%), extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation (10 studies, 18.86%), and inflammation (five studies, 9.43%) in IDD patients. Three upregulated miRNAs (miR-19b, miR-32, miR-130b) and three downregulated miRNAs (miR-31, miR-124a, miR-127-5p) were considered common miRNAs in IDD tissues. The top three biological process pathways for upregulated miRNAs were positive regulation of biological process, nervous system development, and negative regulation of biological process, and the top three biological process pathways for downregulated miRNAs were negative regulation of gene expression, intracellular signal transduction, and negative regulation of biological process. Conclusions This study revealed that miRNAs could be novel targets for preventing IDD and treating patients with IDD by regulating their target genes. These results provide valuable information for medical professionals, IDD patients, and health care policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; †Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China; ‡Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Equal contribution
| | - Wen-Zhan Tu
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; †Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China; ‡Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Equal contribution
| | - Jia-Bao Guo
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; †Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China; ‡Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; †Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China; ‡Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; †Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China; ‡Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chang-Cheng Chen
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; †Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China; ‡Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pei-Jie Chen
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; †Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China; ‡Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Xu Q, Xing H, Wu J, Chen W, Zhang N. miRNA-141 Induced Pyroptosis in Intervertebral Disk Degeneration by Targeting ROS Generation and Activating TXNIP/NLRP3 Signaling in Nucleus Pulpous Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:871. [PMID: 32984347 PMCID: PMC7487322 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role and mechanism of pyroptosis in intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration are unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the viability and function of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) in IVDs and are related to pyroptosis. We performed microarray analyses of normal and degenerated nucleus pulposus (NP) to assess the role of pyroptosis and identify key miRNAs in IVD degeneration. We also evaluated the underlying mechanism of miRNA-mediated pyroptosis in NPCs. In addition, we demonstrated the preventative effects of miRNAs on IVD degeneration in a rat model. The levels of the pyroptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase-1, N-terminal gasdermin D (GSDMD), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in the degenerative NP were significantly higher than those in the normal NP. miRNA-141 was significantly upregulated in the degenerated NP. miR-141 mimic suppressed the matrix synthesis function of NPCs. By contrast, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and the expression of TXNIP and NLRP3 were significantly downregulated by an miR-141 inhibitor. Furthermore, the miRNA-141 inhibitor prevented the degeneration of IVDs in vivo. Our findings suggest that miRNA-141 induces pyroptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) catabolism in NPCs by increasing ROS generation and activating TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling. miRNA-141-regulated pyroptosis may be a novel therapeutic target for IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The People's Hospital of Cixi, Cixi, China
| | - Hongyuan Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weishan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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41
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Li H, Liu Y, Huang J, Liu Y, Zhu Y. Association of genetic variants in lncRNA GAS5/miR-21/mTOR axis with risk and prognosis of coronary artery disease among a Chinese population. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23430. [PMID: 32557866 PMCID: PMC7595889 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Allowing for the significance of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in reflecting disease risk, this investigation attempted to uncover whether SNPs situated in lncRNA GAS5/miR‐21/mTOR axis were associated with risk and prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) among a Chinese Han population. Methods Altogether 436 patients with CHD were recruited as cases, and meanwhile, 471 healthy volunteers were included into the control group. Besides, SNPs of GAS5/MIR‐21/mTOR axis were genotyped utilizing mass spectrometry. Chi‐square test was applied to figure out SNPs that were strongly associated with CHD risk and prognosis, and combined effects of SNPs and environmental parameters on CHD risk were evaluated through multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) model. Results Single nucleotide polymorphisms of GAS5 (ie, rs2067079 and rs6790), MIR‐21 (ie, rs1292037), and mTOR (rs2295080, rs2536, and rs1034528) were associated with susceptibility to CHD, and also Gensini score change of patients with CHD (P < .05). MDR results further demonstrated that rs2067079 and rs2536 were strongly interactive in elevating CHD risk (P < .05), while smoking, rs6790 and rs2295080 showed powerful reciprocity in predicting Gensini score change of patients with CHD (P < .05). Conclusion Single nucleotide polymorphisms of lncRNA GAS5/miR‐21/mTOR axis might interact with smoking to regulate CHD risk, which was conducive to diagnosis and prognostic anticipation of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Zhanjiang City, China
| | - Yingxue Liu
- Department of Outpatient, The First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Zhanjiang City, China
| | - Jinyan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Zhanjiang City, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Zhanjiang City, China
| | - Yufeng Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Zhanjiang City, China
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42
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Wang X, Meng J, Zhang T, Weijia Lv W, Liang Z, Shi Q, Li Z, Zhang T. Identifying compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus from patients with lumbar disc herniation using Raman spectroscopy. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:447-453. [PMID: 32537009 PMCID: PMC7281961 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints worldwide. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is considered to be a significant contributor to LBP; however, the mechanisms underlying IDD remain to be fully elucidated. One of the major features of IDD is the decreased content of type II collagen and proteoglycans in the nucleus pulposus (NP). The present study aimed to investigate the biochemical mechanisms of IDD at the microscopic level using Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy, based on inelastic scattering of light, is an emerging optical technique that may measure the chemical composition of complex biological samples, including biofluids, cells and tissues. In the present study, 30 NP tissue samples from 30 patients who were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation and received spinal fusion surgery to relieve LBP were obtained and analyzed. Routine pre-operative 3.0T, T2-weighed MRI was used to classify the cases according to Pfirrmann grades and the T2 signal intensity value of the NP was measured. Subsequently, all NP samples were scanned and analyzed using a Laser MicroRaman Spectrometer at room temperature. The Raman spectral results demonstrated that the relative content of proteoglycans, expressed as the relative intensity ratio of two peaks (I1064/I1004), was significantly inversely correlated with the Pfirrmann grade (ρ=-0.6462; P<0.0001), whereas the content of collagen (amide I) was significantly positively correlated with the Pfirrmann grade (ρ=0.5141; P<0.01). In conclusion, the higher relative intensity of the ratio of two peaks (I1670/I1640; Amide I) represented a higher fractional content of disordered collagen, which suggested that the defective collagen structure may lead to NP abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Wang
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Jianfang Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Tongxing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - William Weijia Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Liang
- Biobank, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Qian Shi
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
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Pulakat L, Chen HH. Pro-Senescence and Anti-Senescence Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Aging: Cardiac MicroRNA Regulation of Longevity Drug-Induced Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:774. [PMID: 32528294 PMCID: PMC7264109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronological aging as well as biological aging accelerated by various pathologies such as diabetes and obesity contribute to cardiovascular aging, and structural and functional tissue damage of the heart and vasculature. Cardiovascular aging in humans is characterized by structural pathologic remodeling including cardiac and vascular fibrosis, hypertrophy, stiffness, micro- and macro-circulatory impairment, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction precipitating heart failure with either reduced or preserved ejection fraction, and cardiovascular cell death. Cellular senescence, an important hallmark of aging, is a critical factor that impairs repair and regeneration of damaged cells in cardiovascular tissues whereas autophagy, an intracellular catabolic process is an essential inherent mechanism that removes senescent cells throughout life time in all tissues. Several recent reviews have highlighted the fact that all longevity treatment paradigms to mitigate progression of aging-related pathologies converge in induction of autophagy, activation of AMP kinase (AMPK) and Sirtuin pathway, and inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). These longevity treatments include health style changes such as caloric restriction, and drug treatments using rapamycin, the first FDA-approved longevity drug, as well as other experimental longevity drugs such as metformin, rapamycin, aspirin, and resveratrol. However, in the heart tissue, autophagy induction has to be tightly regulated since evidence show excessive autophagy results in cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Here we discuss emerging evidence for microRNA-mediated tight regulation of autophagy in the heart in response to treatment with rapamycin, and novel approaches to monitor autophagy progression in a temporal manner to diagnose and regulate autophagy induction by longevity treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Pulakat
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Howard H Chen
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Cazzanelli P, Wuertz-Kozak K. MicroRNAs in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Mechanobiology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103601. [PMID: 32443722 PMCID: PMC7279351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a multifactorial pathological process associated with low back pain, the leading cause of years lived in disability worldwide. Key characteristics of the pathological changes connected with degenerative disc disease (DDD) are the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), apoptosis and senescence, as well as inflammation. The impact of nonphysiological mechanical stresses on IVD degeneration and inflammation, the mechanisms of mechanotransduction, and the role of mechanosensitive miRNAs are of increasing interest. As post-transcriptional regulators, miRNAs are known to affect the expression of 30% of proteincoding genes and numerous intracellular processes. The dysregulation of miRNAs is therefore associated with various pathologies, including degenerative diseases such as DDD. This review aims to give an overview of the current status of miRNA research in degenerative disc pathology, with a special focus on the involvement of miRNAs in ECM degradation, apoptosis, and inflammation, as well as mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Cazzanelli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), Rochester, NY 14623, USA;
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), Rochester, NY 14623, USA;
- Schön Clinic Munich Harlaching, Spine Center, Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg (Austria), 81547 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-585-475-7355
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Bai Z, Liu W, He D, Wang Y, Yi W, Luo C, Shen J, Hu Z. Protective effects of autophagy and NFE2L2 on reactive oxygen species-induced pyroptosis of human nucleus pulposus cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7534-7548. [PMID: 32320383 PMCID: PMC7202523 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is characterized by the decrease of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). With the increase of the degree of degeneration, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in nucleus pulposus tissue increases. Pyroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death and its relationship with oxidative stress in NPCs remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate the mechanisms of pyroptosis of NPCs under oxidative stress. NPCs were isolated from IDD patients by surgical treatment. Pyroptosis related proteins like NLR family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3) and PYD and CARD domain containing (PYCARD) were detected by western blot, and membrane pore formation was observed by hochest33342/PI double staining or scanning electron microscope. The results showed that ROS induced the pyroptosis of NPCs and it depended on the expression of NLRP3 and PYCARD. The increased ROS level also increased transcription factor nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2, Nrf2) and the autophagy of NPCs, both of which attenuated the pyroptosis. In summary, ROS induces the pyroptosis of NPCs through the NLRP3/ PYCARD pathway, and establishes negative regulation by increasing autophagy and NFE2L2. These findings may provide a better understanding of the mechanism of IDD and potential therapeutic approaches for IDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibiao Bai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong 400016, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Danshuang He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiwei Yi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Changqi Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jieliang Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenming Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong 400016, Chongqing, China
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Lerner N, Schreiber‐Avissar S, Beit‐Yannai E. Extracellular vesicle-mediated crosstalk between NPCE cells and TM cells result in modulation of Wnt signalling pathway and ECM remodelling. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4646-4658. [PMID: 32168427 PMCID: PMC7176886 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, often associated with increased intraocular pressure. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry a specific composition of proteins, lipids and nucleotides have been considered as essential mediators of cell-cell communication. Their potential impact for crosstalk between tissues responsible for aqueous humour production and out-flow is largely unknown. The study objective was to investigate the effects of EVs derived from non-pigmented ciliary epithelium (NPCE) primary cells on the expression of Wnt proteins in a human primary trabecular meshwork (TM) cells and define the mechanism underlying exosome-mediated regulation that signalling pathway. Consistent with the results in TM cell line, EVs released by both primary NPCE cells and NPCE cell line showed diminished pGSK3β phosphorylation and decreased cytosolic levels of β-catenin in primary TM cells. At the molecular level, we showed that NPCE exosome treatment downregulated the expression of positive GSKβ regulator-AKT protein but increased the levels of GSKβ negative regulator-PP2A protein in TM cells. NPCE exosome protein analysis revealed 584 miRNAs and 182 proteins involved in the regulation of TM cellular processes, including WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix deposition. We found that negative modulator of Wnt signalling miR-29b was abundant in NPCE exosomal samples and treatment of TM cells with NPCE EVs significantly decreased COL3A1 expression. Suggesting that miR-29b can be responsible for decreased levels of WNT/β-catenin pathway. Overall, this study highlights a potential role of EVs derived from NPCE cells in modulating ECM proteins and TM canonical Wnt signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Lerner
- Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology DepartmentBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Sofia Schreiber‐Avissar
- Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology DepartmentBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Elie Beit‐Yannai
- Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology DepartmentBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
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Zhou T, Lin D, Chen Y, Peng S, Jing X, Lei M, Tao E, Liang Y. α-synuclein accumulation in SH-SY5Y cell impairs autophagy in microglia by exosomes overloading miR-19a-3p. Epigenomics 2019; 11:1661-1677. [PMID: 31646884 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To reveal whether miRNAs in exosomes from α-synuclein transgenic SH-SY5Y cells are able to regulate autophagy in recipient microglia. Materials & methods: Microarray analysis and experimental verification were adopted to assess the significance of autophagy-associated miRNAs in exosomes from neuronal model of α-synucleinopathies. Results: We found that miR-19a-3p increased remarkably in the exosomes from α-synuclein gene transgenic SH-SY5Y cells. Further study inferred that α-synuclein gene transgenic SH-SY5Y cell-derived exosomes and miR-19a-3p mimic consistently inhibited the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog and increased the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR, both of which ultimately lead to the dysfunction of autophagy in recipient microglia. Conclusion: The data suggested that enhanced expression of miR-19a-3p in exosomes suppress autophagy in recipient microglia by targeting the phosphatase and tensin homolog/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianen Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Danyu Lin
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Sudan Peng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Xiuna Jing
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Enxiang Tao
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Yanran Liang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
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48
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Xing H, Peng M, Li Z, Chen J, Zhang H, Teng X. Ammonia inhalation-mediated mir-202-5p leads to cardiac autophagy through PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:858-866. [PMID: 31284134 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia is a known environmental pollutant around the world. It leads to the deterioration of air quality and has adverse effects on human health. Although previous studies have demonstrated that ammonia caused some health problems to chickens, it is still unclear whether ammonia causes cardiac toxicity. The functional autophagy is very important for cardiac homeostasis. Therefore, the role of autophagy was investigated in the mechanism of chicken heart damage induced by environmental contaminant ammonia in our present study. The results from the oxidative stress index (SOD, GPx, H2O2, and MDA), NO content, iNOS activity, and transmission electron microscopy indicated that excess ammonia induced oxidative stress and autophagy in the chicken heart. The expression results from miR-202-5p and PTEN/AKT/mTOR (PTEN, LC3-I, LC3-II, p-AKT, AKT, Beclin1, Dynein, ATG5, p-mTOR and mTOR) signaling pathway-related genes further confirmed that excess ammonia induced cardiac autophagy. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that excess ammonia can cause cardiac damage and mediate mir-202-5p to regulate autophagy through PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway in the chicken heart injury. Our findings will provide a new insight for better assessing the toxicity mechanism of environmental pollutants ammonia on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houjuan Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Muqiao Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xiaohua Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Ji L, Jiang X, Mao F, Tang Z, Zhong B. miR‑589‑5p is downregulated in prostate cancer and regulates tumor cell viability and metastasis by targeting CCL‑5. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1373-1382. [PMID: 31173214 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common human malignancies, which represents a serious threat to health, and microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been reported to be closely associated with the progression and development of prostate cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the expression patterns, functions and underlying mechanisms of miR‑589‑5p in prostate cancer. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of miR‑589‑5p were downregulated in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR‑589‑5p inhibited cell viability, migration and invasion in prostate cancer cells. Subsequently, chemokine (C‑C motif) ligand 5 (CCL‑5) was identified as a direct target gene of miR‑589‑5p, which was highly expressed at the mRNA and protein levels in prostate cancer tissues and cells. Furthermore, CCL‑5 mRNA was negatively correlated with miR‑589‑5p expression in prostate cancer tissues. Silencing CCL‑5 promoted the apoptosis, and inhibited the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Taken together, these results indicated that miR‑589‑5p may act as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer by targeting CCL‑5, thus suggesting that miR‑589‑5p may be a novel and reliable molecular marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ji
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Fei Mao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwang Tang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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50
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miRNA-21 promotes cell proliferation and invasion via VHL/PI3K/AKT in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Hum Cell 2019; 32:428-436. [PMID: 31161410 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the main kind of thyroid carcinoma, most of which are diagnosed in women. MiR-21 has been reported to be upregulated in multiple cancers to effect tumor growth. However, the role of miR-21 in PTC development remains unclear. In this present study, miR-21 and VHL expressions in PTC tissues and cells were evaluated by RT-qPCR and/or western blot. MTT assay and transwell assay were employed to assess cell proliferative and invasive abilities, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was carried out to identify the target of miR-21and explore its roles in PTC. MiR-21 was upregulated in PTC tissues and cells. Ectopic of miR-21 expression promoted cell proliferative and invasive abilities, while knockdown miR-21 suppressed these in TPC-1 and BCPAP cells. Overexpression of miR-21 predicted poor prognosis in PTC. What is more, luciferase reporter assays showed miR-21 can directly target VHL in PTC cells. Knockdown of miR-21 expression inhibited TPC-1 and BCPAP cell invasion-mediated EMT and proliferation through the PI3K/AKT pathway. In addition, VHL reverses partial function of miR-21 on PTC cell proliferation and invasion. MiR-21 can inhibit cell proliferation and invasion by regulated VHL in PTC cells. The newly identified miR-21/VHL axis might provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis and therapy of PTC.
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