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Mehmood A, Iftikhar A, Chen X. Food-derived bioactive peptides with anti-hyperuricemic activity: A comprehensive review. Food Chem 2024; 451:139444. [PMID: 38678657 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HU) is a metabolic disorder caused by the overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid (UA) in the human body. Several approved drugs for the treatment of HU are available in the market; however, all these allopathic drugs exhibit multiple side effects. Therefore, the development of safe and effective anti-HU drugs is an urgent need. Natural compounds derived from foods and plants have the potential to decrease UA levels. Recently, food-derived bioactive peptides (FBPs) have gained attention as a functional ingredient owing to their biological activities. In the current review, we aim to explore the urate-lowering potential and the underlying mechanisms of FBPs. We found that FBPs mitigate HU by reducing blood UA levels through inhibiting key enzymes such as xanthine oxidase, increasing renal UA excretion, inhibiting renal UA reabsorption, increasing anti-oxidant activities, regulating inflammatory mediators, and addressing gut microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, FBPs exhibit strong potential to ameliorate HU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Asra Iftikhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan and Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Xiumin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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2
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Tang GY, Li S, Xu Y, Zhang C, Xu XY, Xu L, Wang N, Feng Y. Renal herb formula protects against hyperuricemic nephropathy by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154812. [PMID: 37167821 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperuricemic nephropathy may be induced by the elevation and accumulation of uric acid in kidney after hyperuricemia, which leads to kidney residential cells apoptosis and inflammation. Renal herb formula (RHF) is a self-designed formula based on traditional Chinese medicine theory and clinical practice in kidney disease treatment. In the literature available currently, there is not yet research article reporting the reno-protective effect of RHF against hyperuricemic nephropathy. PURPOSE This study was performed to analyze the bioactive compound profiles of RHF, evaluate its protective effects against hyperuricemic nephropathy, and investigate the mechanisms of actions regarding apoptosis and inflammation. METHODS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector was applied to establish fingerprint and chemical composition of RHF. Potassium oxonate was used to induce hyperuricemic nephropathy in mice, and uric acid was used to stimulate apoptosis and inflammatory response in HK-2 cells, while the mice and cells were treated with RHF to explore its reno-protective effects and mechanisms. RESULTS It was found that chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, and isochlorogenic acid A-C may be the characteristic components of RHF. RHF treatment could improve kidney functions in mice with hyperuricemic nephropathies, such as decreasing urine protein, uric acid, and creatinine and serum uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen. Histopathological observations showed that RHF treatment ameliorated kidney glomerular hypotrophy, tubular damage, and inflammatory infiltration. Mechanism studies revealed that RHF inhibited kidney residential cell apoptosis and inflammatory response by targeting the p53-associated intrinsic apoptosis pathway and NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway. CONCLUSION Taken together, it could be concluded that RHF exerted reno-protective effects against hyperuricemic nephropathy through reducing apoptosis and inflammation. RHF and the bioactive compounds chlorogenic acid analogs as promising candidates may be developed into novel and effective drugs for hyperuricemic nephropathy treatment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yi Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China.
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Qian Y, Yin J, Ni J, Chen X, Shen Y. A Network Pharmacology Method Combined with Molecular Docking Verification to Explore the Therapeutic Mechanisms Underlying Simiao Pill Herbal Medicine against Hyperuricemia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:2507683. [PMID: 36817858 PMCID: PMC9935928 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2507683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a common metabolic disease caused by disordered purine metabolism. We aim to reveal the mechanisms underlying the anti-HUA function of Simiao pill and provide therapeutic targets. Methods Simiao pill-related targets were obtained using Herbal Ingredients' Targets (HIT), Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP), and Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID). HUA-associated targets were retrieved from GeneCards, DisGeNET, and Therapeutic Targets Database (TTD). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, ggraph and igraph R packages. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed using ClusterProfiler. The top 10 core targets were identified through cytoHubba. Molecular docking was conducted using PyMOL and AutoDock high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) analysis was performed to identify effective compounds of Simiao pill. Results Simiao pill-HUA target network contained 80 targets. The key targets were mainly involved in inflammatory responses. Insulin (INS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), leptin (LEP), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), interleukin-10 (IL10), and toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) were the top 10 targets in the PPI network. GO analysis demonstrated the main implication of the targets in molecular responses, production, and metabolism. KEGG analysis revealed that Simiao pill might mitigate HUA through advanced glycation end-product- (AGE-) receptor for AGE- (RAGE-) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1- (HIF-1-) associated pathways. IL1B, IL6, IL10, TLR4, and TNF were finally determined as the promising targets of Simiao pill treating HUA. Through molecular docking and HPLC analysis, luteolin, quercetin, rutaecarpine, baicalin, and atractylenolide I were the main active compounds. Conclusions Simiao pill can mitigate HUA by restraining inflammation, mediating AGE-RAGE- and HIF-1-related pathways, and targeting IL1B, IL6, IL10, TLR4, and TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qian
- Rehabilitation Center, Hangzhou Wuyunshan Hospital (Hangzhou Institute of Health Promotion), Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiazhen Yin
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Juemin Ni
- Rehabilitation Center, Hangzhou Wuyunshan Hospital (Hangzhou Institute of Health Promotion), Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaona Chen
- Rehabilitation Center, Hangzhou Wuyunshan Hospital (Hangzhou Institute of Health Promotion), Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Nursing, Hangzhou Wuyunshan Hospital (Hangzhou Institute of Health Promotion), Hangzhou 310000, China
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4
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Liu P, Ma G, Wang Y, Wang L, Li P. Therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine on gouty nephropathy: Based on NF-κB signalingpathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114199. [PMID: 36916428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As the final product of purine metabolism, excess serum uric acid (SUA) aggravates the process of some metabolic diseases. SUA causes renal tubule damage, interstitial fibrosis, and glomerular hardening, leading to gouty nephropathy (GN). A growing number of investigations have shown that NF-κB mediated inflammation and oxidative stress have been directly involved in the pathogenesis of GN. Traditional Chinese medicine's treatment methods of GN have amassed a wealth of treatment experience. In this review, we first describe the mechanism of NF-κB signaling pathways in GN. Subsequently, we highlight traditional Chinese medicine that can treat GN through NF-κB pathways. Finally, commenting on promising candidate targets of herbal medicine for GN treatment via suppressing NF-κB signaling pathways was summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Shunyi Hospital, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Station East 5, Shunyi District, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Guijie Ma
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Lifan Wang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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5
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Wang C, Tang H, Wang Y, Chang Y, Wu YJ, Wang B, Sun W, Xiao F, Wei W. CP-25 enhances OAT1-mediated absorption of methotrexate in synoviocytes of collagen-induced arthritis rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:81-91. [PMID: 35732708 PMCID: PMC9813221 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) plays a major role in mediating the absorption, distribution and excretion of drugs and other xenobiotics in the human body. In this study we explored the OAT1 status in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and arthritic animals and its role in regulating the anti-arthritic activity of methotrexate (MTX). We showed that OAT1 expression was significantly downregulated in synovial tissues from RA patients compared with that in the control patients. In collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats, synovial OAT1 expression was significantly decreased compared with the control rats. In synoviocytes isolated from CIA rats, PGE2 (0.003-1.75 μM) dose-dependently downregulated OAT1 expression, resulting in decreased absorption of MTX. Silencing OAT1 in synoviocytes caused a 43.7% reduction in the uptake of MTX. Furthermore, knockdown of OAT1 impaired MTX-induced inhibitory effects on the viability and migration of synoviocytes isolated from CIA rats. Moreover, injection of OAT1-shRNA into articular cavity of CIA rats significantly decreased synovial OAT1 expression and impaired the anti-arthritic action of MTX, while injection of lentivirus containing OAT1 sequences led to the opposite results. Interestingly, we found that paeoniflorin-6'-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25) upregulated OAT1 expression both in vitro and in vivo and promoted MTX uptake by synoviocytes via regulating OAT1 expression and function. Taken together, OAT1 plays a major role in regulating MTX uptake by synoviocytes and the anti-arthritic activity of MTX. OAT1 is downregulated in RA and CIA rats, which can be improved by CP-25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yan Chang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yi-Jin Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Xu Z, Sha W, Hou C, Amakye WK, Yao M, Ren J. Comparison of 3 hyperuricemia mouse models and evaluation of food-derived anti-hyperuricemia compound with spontaneous hyperuricemia mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 630:41-49. [PMID: 36137324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia animal models have long been used for evaluating food-derived anti-hyperuricemia compounds. Fructose and potassium oxonate are commonly used for developing hyperuricemia mouse model. Recent research also developed spontaneous hyperuricemia model by uricase knockout (Uox-/-). In this work, we evaluated 3 kinds of models with the same gene background to illustrate the differences between the treatments. Unlike the uric acid levels in potassium oxonate (224.79 ± 33.62 μmol/L) and Uox-/- groups (458.39 ± 38.29 μmol/L), fructose treatment did not lead to higher serum uric acid level (174.93 ± 30.46 μmol/L) comparing to the control group (153.53 ± 40.96 μmol/L). However, abnormal glycometabolism only developed in the fructose and the Uox-/- group. In addition, anemia, inflammasome and severe renal injury occurred in the Uox-/- group. The Uox-/- mice were then treated with puerarin and allopurinol, and found that puerarin could reduce serum uric acid and alleviated the serious renal damage associated with high uric acid. Thus, the Uox-/- mice could be a suitable model for screening and evaluating anti-hyperuricemia compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China; China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou Knowledge City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Wanqian Sha
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chuanli Hou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - William Kwame Amakye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Maojin Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China; China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou Knowledge City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510663, China.
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7
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Chen M, Ji H, Song W, Zhang D, Su W, Liu S. Anserine beneficial effects in hyperuricemic rats by inhibiting XOD, regulating uric acid transporter and repairing hepatorenal injury. Food Funct 2022; 13:9434-9442. [PMID: 35972268 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01533a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the anti-hyperuricemia effect and mechanism of anserine in hyperuricemic rats. Hyperuricemic rats were induced with a combination of 750 mg per kg bw d potassium oxazinate (PO) and 200 mg per kg bw d hypoxanthine for a week, and the rats were separately orally administered anserine (20, 40, 80 mg kg-1) and allopurinol (10 mg kg-1) for three weeks. The results show that the content of serum uric acid (SUA) decreased by approximately 40% and 60% after the intervention of anserine and allopurinol, respectively. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was increased and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly decreased in the anserine groups. After the administration of anserine, the contents of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) were reduced in the kidney, and the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6β, TNF-α and TGF-β and inflammatory cell infiltration were reduced in both the liver and kidney. Moreover, the gene expressions of xanthine oxidase (XOD), renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter type 9 (GLUT9) were downregulated by anserine administration, and the gene expressions of ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2), organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) and organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3) were upregulated at the same time. These findings suggest that hepatorenal injury was repaired by anserine, which further regulated the expression of hepatic XOD and renal URAT1, GLUT9, ABCG2, OAT1 and OAT3 to relieve hyperuricemia in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Hongwu Ji
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China
| | - Wenkui Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Weiming Su
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China
| | - Shucheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P.R. China
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Yuan D, Lin L, Peng Y, Zhou Y, Li L, Xiao W, Gong Z. Effects of black tea and black brick tea with fungal growth on lowering uric acid levels in hyperuricemic mice. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14140. [PMID: 35352364 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Black tea, a traditional drink, can induce urination and quench thirst. Black brick tea with fungal growth, prepared by steaming, pressing, inducing fungal growth, and drying the black tea, is a new type of black tea with different sensory qualities and is suitable for storage. However, the effects of black brick tea with fungal growth on lowering uric acid are still unexplored. Therefore, the potassium oxonate was administered for 7 consecutive days to establish the hyperuricemic mice. Then allopurinol, black tea, and black brick tea with fungal growth were orally administered with hyperuricemic mice for 14 days. Serum uric acid levels, liver xanthine oxidase (XOD) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities, and expression of renal urate transporters and inflammatory response were detected. Compared to the model group, both types of black tea lowered serum uric acid by decreasing the uric acid production with inhibiting the activities of XOD and ADA, and increasing uric acid excretion because of downregulating urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) expressions, and upregulating organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3), and organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) expressions. They could also improve renal injury by suppressing the activation of the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling, thereby reducing renal proinflammatory cytokine levels. Compared with black tea, black brick tea with fungal growth with a higher content of theabrownins had a better effect on lowering serum uric acid. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Black tea accounts for approximately 78% of the total consumed tea in the world. Black brick tea with fungal growth is a new kind of black tea product with different sensory qualities and is suitable for storage. The study found that black brick tea with fungal growth is superior to black tea in reducing serum uric acid levels, which make a significant contribution to promote people's health and stimulate the production and consumption of black brick tea with fungal growth. In addition, it provides a clue for future research to identify the effective components of black brick tea with fungal growth lowering uric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyin Yuan
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, China.,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingqi Peng
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Li
- Hunan Baojiachong Tea Farm Co. Ltd., Yiyang, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihua Gong
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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9
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Li Y, Zhu X, Liu F, Peng W, Zhang L, Li J. Pharmacodynamic evaluation of the XOR inhibitor WN1703 in a model of chronic hyperuricemia in rats induced by yeast extract combined with potassium oxonate. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 3:100098. [PMID: 35465446 PMCID: PMC9026663 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a common disease caused by a disorder of purine metabolism, which often causes hyperlipidemia and other metabolic diseases. WN1703 was demonstrated to be an effective xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor in our previous study. Here, we evaluated the pharmacodynamic effect of WN1703 on rats suffering from chronic hyperuricemia accompanied by disorders of lipid metabolism. We discovered that WN1703 was an efficacious uric acid (UA)-lowering compound. Simultaneously, it had effect on relieving renal injury, regulating lipid metabolism by reducing levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, increasing levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and improving renal and liver lesions. WN1703 also exhibited anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity by alleviating the increasing trend of levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and malondialdehyde, and improving the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. WN1703 appeared to be more effective than febuxostat in inhibiting XOR and had higher antioxidant activity. In general, the pharmacologic action of WN1703 showed a clear dose–effect relationship. WN1703 showed similar effects on lowering UA and inhibiting XOR to febuxostat. WN1703 could alleviate glucose and lipids metabolism disorder. WN1703 could improve anti-inflammatory effects, and antioxidant effects. The pharmacologic action of WN1703 is dose-dependent.
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10
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Wang F, Zhao X, Su X, Song D, Zou F, Fang L. Isorhamnetin, the xanthine oxidase inhibitor from Sophora japonica, ameliorates uric acid levels and renal function in hyperuricemic mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:12503-12512. [PMID: 34806108 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02719k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a metabolic condition closely linked to xanthine oxidase (XOD) function, which is involved in the production of uric acid (UA). In this study, XOD was used as a target to construct an in vitro and in vivo activity screening and verification system. The XOD inhibition ability of the main components from the water extract of Sophorae Flos (WSF), an unopened dry flower bud of Sophora japonica, was screened by HPLC. Isorhamnetin (IRh) was identified as a major flavonoid XOD inhibitor from WSF, and we characterized its effects and potential mechanism in ameliorating UA levels and renal function in hyperuricemia model mice. Hyperuricemia was induced by oral administration of potassium oxonate (PO) and hypoxanthine to mice for 7 days. The biochemical index results showed that treatments with low, medium, and high doses of IRh (50, 100, and 150 mg kg-1) significantly reduced serum UA levels and inhibited XOD activity in serum and in the liver. Additionally, IRh effectively decreased the levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, suggesting that it possessed nephroprotective effects in hyperuricemic mice. Furthermore, histopathological results showed that nuclear lesions and renal tubule dilatation in the kidneys of IRh-treated hyperuricemic mice were reduced, suggesting that IRh may alleviate renal injury. Molecular docking results showed that IRh combined well with XOD and is an effective XOD inhibitor. In conclusion, IRh from Sophora japonica may reduce the UA levels and alleviate renal injury by inhibiting XOD activity. It potentially functions as a therapeutic drug and dietary supplement to treat hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xin Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Danni Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fengmao Zou
- School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lina Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China.
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11
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Zhao L, Li Y, Yao D, Sun R, Liu S, Chen X, Lin C, Huang J, Wang J, Li G. Pharmacological Basis for Use of a Novel Compound in Hyperuricemia: Anti-Hyperuricemic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:772504. [PMID: 34819865 PMCID: PMC8607230 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.772504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of hyperuricemia is considered high worldwide. Hyperuricemia occurs due to decreased excretion of uric acid, increased synthesis of uric acid, or a combination of both mechanisms. There is growing evidence that hyperuricemia is associated with a decline of renal function. Purpose: This study is aimed at investigating the effects of the novel compound on lowering the serum uric acid level and alleviating renal inflammation induced by high uric acid in hyperuricemic mice. Methods: Hyperuricemic mice model was induced by potassium oxonate and used to evaluate the effects of the novel compound named FxUD. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the related biochemical markers. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was applied to observe pathological changes. The mRNA expression levels were tested by qRT-PCR. The protein levels were determined by Western blot. In parallel, human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) derived from normal kidney was used to further validate the anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. Results: FxUD administration significantly decreased serum uric acid levels, restored the kidney function parameters, and improved the renal pathological injury. Meanwhile, treatment with FxUD effectively inhibited serum and liver xanthine oxidase (XOD) levels. Reversed expression alterations of renal inflammatory cytokines, urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) were observed in hyperuricemic mice. Western blot results illustrated FxUD down-regulated protein levels of inflammasome components. Further studies showed that FxUD inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in the kidney of hyperuricemic mice. In parallel, the anti-inflammatory effect of FxUD was also confirmed in HK-2. Conclusion: Our study reveals that FxUD exhibits the anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory effects through regulating hepatic XOD and renal urate reabsorption transporters, and suppressing NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in hyperuricemia. The results provide the evidence that FxUD may be potential for the treatment of hyperuricemia with kidney inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yihang Li
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, China
| | - Dahong Yao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ran Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shifang Liu
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, China
| | - Congcong Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guang Li
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Jinghong, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Jinghong, China
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12
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Xing YJ, Liu BH, Wan SJ, Cheng Y, Zhou SM, Sun Y, Yao XM, Hua Q, Meng XJ, Cheng JH, Zhong M, Zhang Y, Lv K, Kong X. A SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress in vivo and in vitro. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:708177. [PMID: 34322029 PMCID: PMC8311522 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.708177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). One of the hallmarks of the DCM is enhanced oxidative stress in myocardium. The aim of this study was to research the underlying mechanisms involved in the effects of dapagliflozin (Dap) on myocardial oxidative stress both in streptozotocin-induced DCM rats and rat embryonic cardiac myoblasts H9C2 cells exposed to high glucose (33.0 mM). In in vivo studies, diabetic rats were given Dap (1 mg/ kg/ day) by gavage for eight weeks. Dap treatment obviously ameliorated cardiac dysfunction, and improved myocardial fibrosis, apoptosis and oxidase stress. In in vitro studies, Dap also attenuated the enhanced levels of reactive oxygen species and cell death in H9C2 cells incubated with high glucose. Mechanically, Dap administration remarkably reduced the expression of membrane-bound nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits gp91phox and p22phox, suppressed the p67phox subunit translocation to membrane, and decreased the compensatory elevated copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) protein expression and total SOD activity both in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, our results indicated that Dap protects cardiac myocytes from damage caused by hyperglycemia through suppressing NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Xing
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Biao-Hu Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Shu-Jun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Si-Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Xin-Ming Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Qiang Hua
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiang-Jian Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Jin-Han Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Kun Lv
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Central Laboratory of Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Aflliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
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13
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Zhu JX, Yang HY, Hu WQ, Cheng J, Liu Y, Yi LT, Cheng HY. Active components from Lagotis brachystachya maintain uric acid homeostasis by inhibiting renal TLR4-NLRP3 signaling in hyperuricemic mice. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1187-1200. [PMID: 34244900 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00844-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lagotis brachystachya Maxim is a herb widely used in traditional Tibetan medicine. Our previous study indicated that total extracts from Lagotis brachystachya could lower uric acid levels. This study aimed to further elucidate the active components (luteolin, luteoloside and apigenin) isolated from Lagotis brachystachya and the underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that treatment with luteolin and luteoloside reversed the reduction of organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) levels, while apigenin attenuated the elevation of urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) levels in uric acid-treated HK-2 cells, which was consistent with the finding in the kidneys of potassium oxonate (PO)-induced mice. On the other hand, hepatic xanthine oxidase activity was inhibited by the components. In addition, all of these active components improved the morphology of the kidney in hyperuricemic mice. Moreover, molecular docking showed that luteolin, luteoloside and apigenin could bind Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). Congruently, western blot analysis showed that the components inhibited TLR4/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/NLRP3 signaling. In conclusion, these results indicated that luteolin, luteoloside and apigenin could attenuate hyperuricemia by decreasing the production and increasing the excretion of uric acid, which were mediated by inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xiao Zhu
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi province, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Yang
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi province, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qiong Hu
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi province, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Fujian province, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi province, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Tao Yi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Fujian province, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Yu Cheng
- School of Humanities, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi province, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China.
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14
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The roles of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated signaling pathways in hyperuricemic nephropathy. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1377-1386. [PMID: 33389490 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03997-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN) is a common clinical complication of hyperuricemia. High-serum uric acid can trigger renal inflammation. The inflammasome family has several members and shows a significant effect on inflammatory responses. NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3) senses the stimuli signal of excessive uric acid and then it recruits apoptosis-related specular protein (ASC) as well as aspartic acid-specific cysteine protease (caspase)-1 precursor to form NLRP3 inflammasome. NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney diseases (CKD), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and HN. This review focuses on important role for the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome and associated signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia-induced renal injury and the potential therapeutic implications. Additionally, several inhibitors targeting NLRP3 inflammasome are under development, most of them for experiment. Therefore, researches into NLRP3 inflammasome modulators may provide novel therapies for HN.
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15
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Li G, Guan C, Xu L, Wang L, Yang C, Zhao L, Zhou B, Luo C, Luan H, Jiang W, Li C, Xu Y. Scutellarin Ameliorates Renal Injury via Increasing CCN1 Expression and Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Hyperuricemic Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:584942. [PMID: 33192525 PMCID: PMC7641948 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.584942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidences have indicated that elevated uric acid (UA) was involved in renal tubular injury leading to hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN). Scutellarin is a biologically active flavonoid derived from the Chinese traditional herb Erigeron breviscapus Hand-Mazz, which has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of scutellarin on HN, by using C57BL/6 mice and human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 which was subjected to adenine/potassium oxonate and UA to mimic a HN injury. The HN mice showed a significant decrease in renal function with the increased SCr and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p < 0.05). Hematoxylin–eosin staining results showed a histological injury in HN mice kidney tissues with severe tubular damage. Scutellarin dose dependently alleviated the renal injury of the HN model (p < 0.05), and a dose of 20 mg/kg/day remarkably reduced the Scr level (26.10 ± 3.23 μmol/ml vs. 48.39 ± 7.51 μmol/ml, p < 0.05) and BUN (151.12 ± 30.24 mmol/L vs. 210.43 ± 45.67 mmol/L, p < 0.05) compared with the HN model group. Similarly, scutellarin decreased NGAL, Kim-1, cystatin C, and IL-18 protein expression levels in HN mouse (p < 0.05). Overexpressed CCN1 could not induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation, with no change of mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, and pro-caspase-1 compared with the control HK-2. However, HK-2 showed a significant NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis. Importantly, knockdown of CCN1 not only aggravated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis but also abrogated the protective effect of scutellarin in UA-induced HK-2 injury. Thus, scutellarin might alleviate HN progression via a mechanism involved in CCN1 regulation on NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozheng Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen Guan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingyu Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengyu Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Long Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Congjuan Luo
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Luan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, LMU München, München, German
| | - Yan Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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16
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Liu N, Wang Y, Zeng L, Yin S, Hu Y, Li S, Fu Y, Zhang X, Xie C, Shu L, Li Y, Sun H, Yang M, Sun J, Yang X. RDP3, A Novel Antigout Peptide Derived from Water Extract of Rice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7143-7151. [PMID: 32543191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gout and hyperuricemia can seriously affect the quality of life; at present, however, existing medicines are unable to meet all clinical needs. In the current study, a novel peptide (i.e., rice-derived-peptide-3 (RDP3), AAAAMAGPK-NH2, 785.97 Da) in water extract obtained from shelled Oryza sativa fruits was identified. Testing revealed that RDP3 (minimum effective concentration 100 μg/kg) did not show both hemolytic and acute toxicity, and reduced uric acid levels in the serum of hyperuricemic mice by inhibiting xanthine oxidase activity and decreasing urate transporter 1 expression. RDP3 also alleviated renal injury in hyperuricemic mice by decreasing NLRP3 inflammasome expression. Furthermore, RDP3 alleviated formalin-induced paw pain and reduced monosodium urate crystal-induced paw swelling and inflammatory factors in mice. Thus, this newly identified peptide reduced uric acid levels and renal damage in hyperuricemic mice and showed anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, indicating the potential of RDP3 as an antigout medicine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethno-Medicine and Ethno-Pharmacy, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Public Technical Service Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Saige Yin
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Chun Xie
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Longjun Shu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethno-Medicine and Ethno-Pharmacy, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
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17
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Research Advances in the Mechanisms of Hyperuricemia-Induced Renal Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5817348. [PMID: 32685502 PMCID: PMC7336201 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5817348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism in humans, and its excessive accumulation leads to hyperuricemia and urate crystal deposition in tissues including joints and kidneys. Hyperuricemia is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases. Although the symptoms of hyperuricemia-induced renal injury have long been known, the pathophysiological molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. In this review, we focus on the research advances in the mechanisms of hyperuricemia-caused renal injury, primarily on oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, renal fibrosis, and inflammation. Furthermore, we discuss the progress in hyperuricemia management.
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18
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Effects and Mechanisms of Dendrobium officinalis Six Nostrum for Treatment of Hyperuricemia with Hyperlipidemia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2914019. [PMID: 32308702 PMCID: PMC7149358 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2914019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a disease caused by increased production of uric acid (UA) or reduced excretion of UA in the body. Results of an epidemiological survey show that 60% of patients with HUA have hyperlipidemia (HPA). Dendrobium officinalis (DOF) six nostrum (DOS) is based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine for the transformation of the traditional Chinese nostrum Si Miao Wan. In this article, we aim to discuss the efficacy and mechanism of DOS in reducing UA and regulating lipid metabolism. The rat model of HUA with HPA was induced by potassium oxonate (PO) combined with high-fat sorghum feed. We monitored the serum UA and blood lipids. Liver xanthine oxidase (XOD), adenosine deaminase (ADA), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP1) activities were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after the last administration of DOS. We performed a histopathological examination of rat kidney and intestine. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of renal inflammatory proteins NLRP3 / Caspase-1 and intestinal inflammatory proteins TLR4 / NLRP3. We used western blot for measurement of liver hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT1) protein expression and renal PDZ domain protein kidney 1 (PDZK1) protein expression. DOS administration significantly reduced serum UA, total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) level, and improved liver steatosis in the model rat. At the same time, DOS treatment effectively inhibited liver XOD and ADA, increased the level of liver HPRT1, and reduced the production of UA. Additional studies had shown that DOS can restore normal UA excretion function in the intestine and kidney and regulated liver lipids metabolism. IHC and histopathological sections showed that DOS reduced the level of kidney, intestinal inflammatory body (NLRP3, Caspase-1, and TLR4), improved inflammation of the kidney and intestinal tract in rats. DOS is a promising drug that can effectively reduce serum UA and lipid level in the model rat. The mechanism of action may be related to inhibition of UA production, promotion of UA excretion, regulation of lipids metabolism, and anti-inflammatory response.
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19
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Liu Y, Liu T, Lei T, Zhang D, Du S, Girani L, Qi D, Lin C, Tong R, Wang Y. RIP1/RIP3-regulated necroptosis as a target for multifaceted disease therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:771-786. [PMID: 31198981 PMCID: PMC6658002 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a type of programmed cell death with necrotic morphology, occurring in a variety of biological processes, including inflammation, immune response, embryonic development and metabolic abnormalities. The current nomenclature defines necroptosis as cell death mediated by signal transduction from receptor‑interacting serine/threonine kinase (RIP) 1 to RIP3 (hereafter called RIP1/RIP3). However, RIP3‑dependent cell death would be a more precise definition of necroptosis. RIP3 is indispensable for necroptosis, while RIP1 is not consistently involved in the signal transduction. Notably, deletion of RIP1 even promotes RIP3‑mediated necroptosis under certain conditions. Necroptosis was previously thought as an alternate process of cell death in case of apoptosis inhibition. Currently, necroptosis is recognized to serve a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes. Of note, it mediates a variety of human diseases, such as ischemic brain injury, immune system disorders and cancer. Targeting and inhibiting necroptosis, therefore, has the potential to be used for therapeutic purposes. To date, research has elucidated the suppression of RIP1/RIP3 via effective inhibitors and highlighted their potential application in disease therapy. The present review focused on the molecular mechanisms of RIP1/RIP3‑mediated necroptosis, explored the functions of RIP1/RIP3 in necroptosis, discussed their potential as a novel therapeutic target for disease therapy, and provided valuable suggestions for further study in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Liu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Lei
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Suya Du
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Lea Girani
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Qi
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Chen Lin
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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20
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Zhang ZC, Zhou Q, Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhang JL. Highly Acylated Anthocyanins from Purple Sweet Potato ( Ipomoea batatas L.) Alleviate Hyperuricemia and Kidney Inflammation in Hyperuricemic Mice: Possible Attenuation Effects on Allopurinol. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6202-6211. [PMID: 31091873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Allopurinol is the first-line medication for hyperuricemia treatment. However, severe drug-related adverse effects have often been reported among patients who received allopurinol administration. This study is aimed at evaluating the possible attenuation effects of highly acylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (HAA-PSP) on hyperuricemia and kidney inflammation in hyperuricemic mice treated with allopurinol. In comparison with 5 mg kg-1 allopurinol used alone, the combination of 25 mg kg-1 HAA-PSP and 2.5 mg kg-1 allopurinol could not only reduce serum uric acid level in hyperuricemic mice but also attenuate the kidney damage, as indicated by the level of serum biomarkers as well as histopathological examination. The inflammatory response was partially mitigated by inhibiting the protein expression of typical cytokines in the kidney. Our findings provide new evidence for the supplementary therapeutic potential of HAA-PSP with allopurinol on hyperuricemia and inflammation-related syndromes. Moreover, this study provides a theoretical basis for assessing the potential of anthocyanin-rich foods in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Cheng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan City Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiu-Liang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology , Ministry of Education , Wuhan 430070 , People's Republic of China
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21
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Wang Z, Wang X, Yan H, Liu Y, Li L, Li S, Wang X, Wang D. Aronia melanocarpa ameliorates gout and hyperuricemia in animal models. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2018.1541967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanzhou Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaopeng Li
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Jilin University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Jilin University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Study of the Treatment Effects of Compound Tufuling Granules in Hyperuricemic Rats Using Serum Metabolomics. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3458185. [PMID: 30410553 PMCID: PMC6206513 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3458185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the mechanism of the effect of Compound Tufuling Granules (CTG) to lower the serum uric acid level in a rat model of hyperuricemia. The rat model was established by administering hypoxanthine through oral gavage and potassium oxonate through intraperitoneal injection. Rats were divided into the normal group, model group, CTG group, and allopurinol group. Serum uric acid, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and inflammatory cytokine levels were determined in each group. In the model group, ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the metabolic profiles and delineate the action mechanism of CTG; in addition, the orthogonal projection method was used to perform latent structure-discrimination analysis to screen the related metabolites. The results indicated significant differences in the metabolic profiles between the model and normal groups. A total of seven related metabolites were identified through screening in the model group, mainly related to the pathways of bile secretion, pyrimidine, purine, and phenylalanine metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and pentose and glucuronate interconversions; these related pathways were reversed in the CTG group. In the metabolic networks, uracil and acetyl-coenzyme A were the nodal molecules. In addition, the test results of the evaluation of serum biochemical and inflammatory factors confirmed that CTG had significant effect in reducing the levels of serum uric acid and protecting renal function. These results confirmed that CTG primarily regulated the recruitment of nodal molecules to achieve anti-inflammatory effects, reduced uric acid level, and renal protection.
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