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Kang Q, He L, Zhang Y, Zhong Z, Tan W. Immune-inflammatory modulation by natural products derived from edible and medicinal herbs used in Chinese classical prescriptions. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155684. [PMID: 38788391 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edible and medicinal herbs1 (EMHs) refer to a class of substances with dual attribution of food and medicine. These substances are traditionally used as food and also listed in many international pharmacopoeias, including the European Pharmacopoeia, the United States Pharmacopoeia, and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Some classical formulas that are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine include a series of EMHs, which have been shown to be effective with obvious characteristics and advantages. Notably, these EMHs and Chinese classical prescriptions2 (CCPs) have also attracted attention in international herbal medicine research because of their low toxicity and high efficiency as well as the rich body of experience for their long-term clinical use. PURPOSE Our purpose is to explore the potential therapeutic effect of EMHs with immune-inflammatory modulation for the study of modern cancer drugs. STUDY DESIGN In the present study, we present a detailed account of some EMHs used in CCPs that have shown considerable research potential in studies exploring modern drugs with immune-inflammatory modulation. METHODS Approximately 500 publications in the past 30 years were collected from PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect using the keywords, such as natural products, edible and medicinal herbs, Chinese medicine, classical prescription, immune-inflammatory, tumor microenvironment and some related synonyms. The active ingredients instead of herbal extracts or botanical mixtures were focused on and the research conducted over the past decade were discussed emphatically and analyzed comprehensively. RESULTS More than ten natural products derived from EMHs used in CCPs are discussed and their immune-inflammatory modulation activities, including enhancing antitumor immunity, regulating inflammatory signaling pathways, lowering the proportion of immunosuppressive cells, inhibiting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, immunosuppressive factors, and inflammatory mediators, are summarized. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the immune-inflammatory modulating role of those EMHs used in CCPs and provide new ideas for cancer treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianming Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Luying He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Jiao Y, Zhou L, Huo J, Li H, Zhu H, Chen D, Lu Y. Flavonoid substituted polysaccharides from Tamarix chinensis Lour. alleviate H1N1-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting complement system. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117651. [PMID: 38135232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Viral pneumonia is a highly pathogenic respiratory infectious disease associated with excessive activation of the complement system. Our previous studies found that the anticomplement polysaccharides from some medicinal plants could significantly alleviate H1N1-induced acute lung injury (H1N1-ALI). The leaves and twigs of Tamarix chinensis Lour. are traditionally used as a Chinese medicine Xiheliu for treating inflammatory disorders. Interestingly, its crude polysaccharides (MBAP90) showed potent anticomplement activity in vitro. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the therapeutic effects and possible mechanism of MBAP90 on viral pneumonia and further isolate and characterize the key active substance of MBAP90. MATERIALS AND METHODS The protective effects of MBAP90 were evaluated by survival tests and pharmacodynamic experiments on H1N1-ALI mice. Histopathological changes, viral load, inflammatory markers, and complement deposition in lungs were analyzed by H&E staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. An anticomplement homogenous polysaccharide (MBAP-3) was obtained from MBAP90 by bio-guided separation, and its structure was further characterized by methylation analysis and NMR spectroscopy. RESULTS Oral administration of MBAP90 at a dose of 400 mg/kg significantly increased the survival rate of mice infected with the lethal H1N1 virus. In H1N1-induced ALI, mice treated with MBAP90 (200 and 400 mg/kg) could decrease the lung index, lung pathological injury, the levels of excessive proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-18, and IL-1β), and complement levels (C3c and C5b-9). In addition, MBAP-3 was characterized as a novel homogenous polysaccharide with potent in vitro anticomplement activity (CH50: 0.126 ± 0.002 mg/mL), containing 10.51% uronic acids and 9.67% flavonoids, which were similar to the composition of MBAP90. The backbone of MBAP-3 consisted of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →3,4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, and →3,4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, with branches comprising α-L-Araf-(1→, α-D-GlcpA-(1→, →4,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→ and →4)-β-D-Galp-(1 → . Particularly, O-6 of →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→ was conjugated with a flavonoid, myricetin. CONCLUSIONS MBAP90 could ameliorate H1N1-ALI by inhibiting inflammation and over-activation of the complement system. These polysaccharides (MBAP90 and MBAP-3) with relative high contents of uronic acid and flavonoid substituent might be vital components of T. chinensis for treating viral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Jiao
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lishuang Zhou
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiangyan Huo
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of ImmunoTherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Daofeng Chen
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Lv YW, Du Y, Ma SS, Shi YC, Xu HC, Deng L, Chen XY. Proanthocyanidins attenuates ferroptosis against influenza-induced acute lung injury in mice by reducing IFN-γ. Life Sci 2023; 314:121279. [PMID: 36526043 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is partly driven promoted by ferroptosis. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) is a natural bioactive flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. PAs can also significantly protect against acute lung inflammation and ferroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells. However, it is unclear whether PAs can alleviate ALI by reducing ferroptosis. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of PAs and the potential mechanisms against Influenza A virus (IAV)-induced ALI. METHODS Mice were inoculated nasally with IAV to induce ALI. IAV-induced pulmonary inflammation and ferroptosis was tested by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member (ACSL4) in lung tissue. The potential targets that PAs protect against IAV-induced ALI were determined via a systemic pharmacological analysis. The molecular mechanism of PAs in ALI treatment was investigated by assessing the level of inflammation and ferroptosis markers using Western Blot and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Systemic pharmacological analysis suggested that PAs protect against IAV-induced pneumonia thorough TGF-β1 and its relative signaling pathway. PAs effectively alleviated histopathological lung injury, reduced inflammatory cytokines and chemokines secretion, which were increased in IAV-infected mice. Meanwhile, PAs further prevented mouse airway inflammation in ALI, concomitant with the decreased expression TGF-β1, smad2/3, p-Smad2, p-Smad3 and ferroptosis mediator IFN-γ. Furthermore,IFN-γ promotes cell lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis,PAs significantly reduced MDA and ACSL4 levels and upregulated GSH, GPX4, and SLC7A11. CONCLUSION Overall, PAs can attenuate ferroptosis against IAV-induced ALI via the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and is a promising novel therapeutic candidate for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Lv
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Suo Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Cong Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Chong Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Li Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Yin Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhang L, Ye X, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Xia X, Dong S. Research progress on the effect of traditional Chinese medicine on the activation of PRRs-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway to inhibit influenza pneumonia. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1132388. [PMID: 37089926 PMCID: PMC10119400 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1132388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza pneumonia has challenged public health and social development. One of the hallmarks of severe influenza pneumonia is overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which result from the continuous activation of intracellular signaling pathways, such as the NF-κB pathway, mediated by the interplay between viruses and host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). It has been reported that traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) can not only inhibit viral replication and inflammatory responses but also affect the expression of key components of PRRs and NF-κB signaling pathways. However, whether the antiviral and anti-inflammatory roles of TCM are related with its effects on NF-κB signaling pathway activated by PRRs remains unclear. Here, we reviewed the mechanism of PRRs-mediated activation of NF-κB signaling pathway following influenza virus infection and summarized the influence of anti-influenza TCMs on inflammatory responses and the PRRs/NF-κB signaling pathway, so as to provide better understanding of the mode of action of TCMs in the treatment of influenza pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- The Affiliated Anning First Hospital, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiong Ye
- The Affiliated Anning First Hospital, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongde Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongde Zhang, ; Xueshan Xia, ; Shuwei Dong,
| | - Xueshan Xia
- The Affiliated Anning First Hospital, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongde Zhang, ; Xueshan Xia, ; Shuwei Dong,
| | - Shuwei Dong
- The Affiliated Anning First Hospital, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongde Zhang, ; Xueshan Xia, ; Shuwei Dong,
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Li S, Fan G, Li X, Cai Y, Liu R. Modulation of type I interferon signaling by natural products in the treatment of immune-related diseases. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:3-18. [PMID: 36641230 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN) is considered as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. Proper activation or inhibition of type I IFN signaling is essential for host defense against pathogen invasion, tumor cell proliferation, and overactive immune responses. Due to intricate and diverse chemical structures, natural products and their derivatives have become an invaluable source inspiring innovative drug discovery. In addition, some natural products have been applied in clinical practice for infection, cancer, and autoimmunity over thousands of years and their promising curative effects and safety have been well-accepted. However, whether these natural products are primarily targeting type I IFN signaling and specific molecular targets involved are not fully elucidated. In the current review, we thoroughly summarize recent advances in the pharmacology researches of natural products for their type I IFN activity, including both agonism/activation and antagonism/inhibition, and their potential application as therapies. Furthermore, the source and chemical nature of natural products with type I IFN activity are highlighted and their specific molecular targets in the type I IFN pathway and mode of action are classified. In conclusion, natural products possessing type I IFN activity represent promising therapeutic strategies and have a bright prospect in the treatment of infection, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guifang Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yajie Cai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Chen JY, Xiao-Yun Tian, Wei SS, Yang YJ, Deng S, Jiao CJ, Wang CJ, Chu KD, Ma XQ, Xu W. Perspectives of herbs and their natural compounds, and herb formulas on treating diverse diseases through regulating complicated JAK/STAT signaling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:993862. [PMID: 36324680 PMCID: PMC9619051 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.993862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
JAK/STAT signaling pathways are closely associated with multiple biological processes involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, differentiation, immune response, and epigenetics. Abnormal activation of the STAT pathway can contribute to disease progressions under various conditions. Moreover, tofacitinib and baricitinib as the JAK/STAT inhibitors have been recently approved by the FDA for rheumatology disease treatment. Therefore, influences on the STAT signaling pathway have potential and perspective approaches for diverse diseases. Chinese herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which are widespread throughout China, are the gold resources of China and have been extensively used for treating multiple diseases for thousands of years. However, Chinese herbs and herb formulas are characterized by complicated components, resulting in various targets and pathways in treating diseases, which limits their approval and applications. With the development of chemistry and pharmacology, active ingredients of TCM and herbs and underlying mechanisms have been further identified and confirmed by pharmacists and chemists, which improved, to some extent, awkward limitations, approval, and applications regarding TCM and herbs. In this review, we summarized various herbs, herb formulas, natural compounds, and phytochemicals isolated from herbs that have the potential for regulating multiple biological processes via modulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway based on the published work. Our study will provide support for revealing TCM, their active compounds that treat diseases, and the underlying mechanism, further improving the rapid spread of TCM to the world.
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Fakhri S, Mohammadi Pour P, Piri S, Farzaei MH, Echeverría J. Modulating Neurological Complications of Emerging Infectious Diseases: Mechanistic Approaches to Candidate Phytochemicals. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:742146. [PMID: 34764869 PMCID: PMC8576094 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.742146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing studies are revealing the critical manifestations of influenza, dengue virus (DENV) infection, Zika virus (ZIKV) disease, and Ebola virus disease (EVD) as emerging infectious diseases. However, their corresponding mechanisms of major complications headed for neuronal dysfunction are not entirely understood. From the mechanistic point of view, inflammatory/oxidative mediators are activated during emerging infectious diseases towards less cell migration, neurogenesis impairment, and neuronal death. Accordingly, the virus life cycle and associated enzymes, as well as host receptors, cytokine storm, and multiple signaling mediators, are the leading players of emerging infectious diseases. Consequently, chemokines, interleukins, interferons, carbohydrate molecules, toll-like receptors (TLRs), and tyrosine kinases are leading orchestrates of peripheral and central complications which are in near interconnections. Some of the resulting neuronal manifestations have attracted much attention, including inflammatory polyneuropathy, encephalopathy, meningitis, myelitis, stroke, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), radiculomyelitis, meningoencephalitis, memory loss, headaches, cranial nerve abnormalities, tremor, and seizure. The complex pathophysiological mechanism behind the aforementioned complications urges the need for finding multi-target agents with higher efficacy and lower side effects. In recent decades, the natural kingdom has been highlighted as promising neuroprotective natural products in modulating several dysregulated signaling pathways/mediators. The present study provides neuronal manifestations of some emerging infectious diseases and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Besides, a mechanistic-based strategy is developed to introduce candidate natural products as promising multi-target agents in combating major dysregulated pathways towards neuroprotection in influenza, DENV infection, ZIKV disease, and EVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pardis Mohammadi Pour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sana Piri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Qian J, Xu H, Lv D, Liu W, Chen E, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Ying K, Fan X. Babaodan controls excessive immune responses and may represent a cytokine-targeted agent suitable for COVID-19 treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111586. [PMID: 33866132 PMCID: PMC8030745 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
It has become evident that the actions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and/or the development of a cytokine storm are responsible for the occurrence of severe COVID-19 during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although immunomodulatory mechanisms vary among viruses, the activation of multiple TLRs that occurs primarily through the recruitment of adapter proteins such as MyD88 and TRIF contributes to the induction of a cytokine storm. Based on this, controlling the robust production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages may be applicable as a cellular approach to investigate potential cytokine-targeted therapies against COVID-19. In the current study, we utilized TLR2/MyD88 and TLR3/TRIF co-activated macrophages and evaluated the anti-cytokine storm effect of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula Babaodan (BBD). An RNA-seq-based transcriptomic approach was used to determine the molecular mode of action. Additionally, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of BBD in vivo using a mouse model of post-viral bacterial infection-induced pneumonia and seven severely ill COVID-19 patients. Our study reveals the protective role of BBD against excessive immune responses in macrophages, where the underlying mechanisms involve the inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. In vivo, BBD significantly inhibited the release of IL-6, thus resulting in increased survival rates in mice. Based on limited data, we demonstrated that severely ill COVID-19 patients benefited from BBD treatment due to a reduction in the overproduction of IL-6. In conclusion, our study indicated that BBD controls excessive immune responses and may thus represent a cytokine-targeted agent that could be considered to treating COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qian
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hangdi Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongqing Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Enguo Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kejing Ying
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Zheng K, Wu SZ, Lv YW, Pang P, Deng L, Xu HC, Shi YC, Chen XY. Carvacrol inhibits the excessive immune response induced by influenza virus A via suppressing viral replication and TLR/RLR pattern recognition. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113555. [PMID: 33152425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Carvacrol, a monoterpene phenol from Mosla chinensis Maxim, which is a commonly Chinese herbal medicine. The most important pharmacology of it is dispelling exogenous evils by increasing perspiration. And it is the gentleman medicine in the Chinese herbal compound prescription of Xin-Jia-Xiang-Ru-Yin, mainly for the treatment of summer colds with dampness including influenza virus A infection. AIM OF THE STUDY Our preliminary study verified that the Xin-Jia-Xiang-Ru-Yin could inhibit acute lung injury of mice with influenza virus A infection. And there have been some reports implicating the high antimicrobial activity of carvacrol for a wide range of product preservation, but little research including the effects of it on viral infection. The aim of this study was to reveal the antiviral effects of carvacrol, the main constituent in Mosla chinensis Maxim. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initially, C57BL/6 mice were grouped and intranasally administered FM1 virus to construct viral infection models. After treatment with ribavirin and carvacrol for 5 days, all mice were euthanized, and specimens were immediately obtained. Histology, flow cytometry and Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) analysis were used to analyze pathological changes in lung tissue, the expression levels of cytokines and the differentiation and proportion of CD4+ T cells subsets, while Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of related proteins and mRNA. RESULTS Carvacrol attenuated lung tissue damage, the proportions of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg in CD4+ T cells and the relative proportions of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells. Carvacrol inhibited the expression of inflammation-associated cytokines including IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-12 and TNF-ɑ, IL-1, IL-10, IL-6. Decreased levels of TLR7, MyD88, IRAK4, TRAK6, NF-κB, RIG-I, IPS-I and IRF mRNA in carvacrol-treated mice were observed comparing to the mice in VC group. Further, the total expression of RIG-I, MyD88 and NF-κB proteins had increased significantly in the VC group but reduced obviously in the group treated with ribavirin or carvacrol. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that carvacrol is a potential alternative treatment for the excessive immune response induced by influenza virus A infection, the cold-fighting effect of Mosla chinensis Maxim may depend on the anti-virus of carvacrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; The Hospital of the People's Liberation Army's 83rd Group, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Si-Zhi Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yi-Wen Lv
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Peng Pang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Li Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hua-Chong Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yu-Cong Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Yin Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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10
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Xiong Y, Li NX, Duan N, Liu B, Zhu H, Zhang C, Li L, Lu C, Huang L. Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Influenza: From Basic Science to Clinical Applications. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:575803. [PMID: 33041821 PMCID: PMC7526665 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.575803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza infection is a highly contagious, acute febrile respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has dominated plenty of theoretical and practical approaches in the treatment of influenza. It is, therefore, important to highlight the effects of TCM in the clinical treatment of influenza and their impact on inhibiting the growth of this virus in laboratory experiments. We scrutinized existing evidence on whether TCM is effective in clinical applications. Moreover, we described the potential mechanisms of TCM against the influenza virus. Our findings provide analytical evidence that supports the effectiveness of TCM in treating influenza infections as well as their mechanisms against this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibai Xiong
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Xiao Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Naifang Duan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q. Traditional Herbal Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Cold and Flu in the Autumn of 2020, Overlapped With COVID-19. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20951431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Many herbs and plants included in several traditional systems have promising bioactive compounds for modern drug therapy. The second round of COVID-19 cases will be accompanied by the spread of seasonal influenza in the fall. The combination of the influenza season and the second wave of COVID-19 may lead to more confusion and put more pressure on public health systems. A literature survey was accomplished using multiple databases including PubMed, Science Direct, ISI web of knowledge, and Google Scholar. The most important antiviral herbs for cold and flu are Thymus vulgaris, honeysuckle flowers, Andrographis, yarrow, peppermint leaf and oil, and Calendula. The most important expectorant herbs for flu and cold are tulsi, snake root, licorice root, clove, slippery elm root, marshmallow osha root, and sage leaf. Immunostimulant herbs for these 2 diseases are Echinacea root, Eucalyptus, garlic, ginseng, marshmallow, slippery elm, Isatisroot, Usnea lichen, myrrh resin, and ginger root. In this mini-review, we mention the key role of some of the most important herbal plants and prescriptions against influenza and cold on the basis of traditional Asian medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenli Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China; Global Alliance of HeBAU-CLS&HeQiS for BioAl-Manufacturing, Baoding, Hebei, China
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12
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Zhang Z, Morris‐Natschke SL, Cheng Y, Lee K, Li R. Development of anti‐influenza agents from natural products. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2290-2338. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Susan L. Morris‐Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Yung‐Yi Cheng
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Kuo‐Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University and Hospital Taichung Taiwan
| | - Rong‐Tao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
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