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Deng Y, Zhao Q, Zhou HY, Zhang ZQ, Zhan Y. Activation of ASIC3/ERK pathway by paeoniflorin improves intestinal fluid metabolism and visceral sensitivity in slow transit constipated rats. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024; 40:561-574. [PMID: 38634140 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Slow transit constipation (STC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in children and adults worldwide. Paeoniflorin (PF), a monoterpene glycoside compound extracted from the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora, has been found to alleviate STC, but the mechanisms of its effect remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of PF on intestinal fluid metabolism and visceral sensitization in rats with compound diphenoxylate-induced STC. Based on the evaluation of the laxative effect, the abdominal withdrawal reflex test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the visceral sensitivity, fluid metabolism-related proteins, and acid-sensitive ion channel 3/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ASIC3/ERK) pathway-related molecules. PF treatment not only attenuated compound diphenoxylate-induced constipation symptoms and colonic pathological damage in rats but also ameliorated colonic fluid metabolic disorders and visceral sensitization abnormalities, as manifested by increased colonic goblet cell counts and mucin2 protein expression, decreased aquaporin3 protein expression, improved abdominal withdrawal reflex scores, reduced visceral pain threshold, upregulated serum 5-hydroxytryptamine, and downregulated vasoactive intestinal peptide levels. Furthermore, PF activated the colonic ASIC3/ERK pathway in STC rats, and ASIC3 inhibition partially counteracted PF's modulatory effects on intestinal fluid and visceral sensation. In conclusion, PF alleviated impaired intestinal fluid metabolism and abnormal visceral sensitization in STC rats and thus relieved their symptoms through activation of the ASIC3/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Deng
- Department of Chinese Pediatrics, College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Department of Chinese Pediatrics, College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Yun Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zi-Qi Zhang
- Department of Chinese Pediatrics, College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Anorectal, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Luo Z, Wei Z, Zhang G, Chen H, Li L, Kang X. Achilles' Heel-The Significance of Maintaining Microenvironmental Homeostasis in the Nucleus Pulposus for Intervertebral Discs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16592. [PMID: 38068915 PMCID: PMC10706299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of intracellular and extracellular environments as well as the aberrant expression of ion channels on the cell membrane are intricately linked to a diverse array of degenerative disorders, including intervertebral disc degeneration. This condition is a significant contributor to low back pain, which poses a substantial burden on both personal quality of life and societal economics. Changes in the number and function of ion channels can disrupt the water and ion balance both inside and outside cells, thereby impacting the physiological functions of tissues and organs. Therefore, maintaining ion homeostasis and stable expression of ion channels within the cellular microenvironment may prove beneficial in the treatment of disc degeneration. Aquaporin (AQP), calcium ion channels, and acid-sensitive ion channels (ASIC) play crucial roles in regulating water, calcium ions, and hydrogen ions levels. These channels have significant effects on physiological and pathological processes such as cellular aging, inflammatory response, stromal decomposition, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and accumulation of cell metabolites. Additionally, Piezo 1, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4), tension response enhancer binding protein (TonEBP), potassium ions, zinc ions, and tungsten all play a role in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration. This review endeavors to elucidate alterations in the microenvironment of the nucleus pulposus during intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), with a view to offer novel insights and approaches for exploring therapeutic interventions against disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangbin Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (G.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ziyan Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (G.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (G.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Haiwei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (G.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (G.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (G.Z.); (H.C.); (L.L.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
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Diwan AD, Melrose J. Intervertebral disc degeneration and how it leads to low back pain. JOR Spine 2022; 6:e1231. [PMID: 36994466 PMCID: PMC10041390 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to evaluate data generated by animal models of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration published in the last decade and show how this has made invaluable contributions to the identification of molecular events occurring in and contributing to pain generation. IVD degeneration and associated spinal pain is a complex multifactorial process, its complexity poses difficulties in the selection of the most appropriate therapeutic target to focus on of many potential candidates in the formulation of strategies to alleviate pain perception and to effect disc repair and regeneration and the prevention of associated neuropathic and nociceptive pain. Nerve ingrowth and increased numbers of nociceptors and mechanoreceptors in the degenerate IVD are mechanically stimulated in the biomechanically incompetent abnormally loaded degenerate IVD leading to increased generation of low back pain. Maintenance of a healthy IVD is, thus, an important preventative measure that warrants further investigation to preclude the generation of low back pain. Recent studies with growth and differentiation factor 6 in IVD puncture and multi-level IVD degeneration models and a rat xenograft radiculopathy pain model have shown it has considerable potential in the prevention of further deterioration in degenerate IVDs, has regenerative properties that promote recovery of normal IVD architectural functional organization and inhibits the generation of inflammatory mediators that lead to disc degeneration and the generation of low back pain. Human clinical trials are warranted and eagerly anticipated with this compound to assess its efficacy in the treatment of IVD degeneration and the prevention of the generation of low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish D. Diwan
- Spine Service, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. George & Sutherland Clinical School University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory Kolling Institute, Sydney University Faculty of Medicine and Health, Northern Sydney Area Health District, Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
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Li W, Zhang S, Wang D, Zhang H, Shi Q, Zhang Y, Wang M, Ding Z, Xu S, Gao B, Yan M. Exosomes Immunity Strategy: A Novel Approach for Ameliorating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:822149. [PMID: 35223870 PMCID: PMC8870130 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.822149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP), which is one of the most severe medical and social problems globally, has affected nearly 80% of the population worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common musculoskeletal disorder that happens to be the primary trigger of LBP. The pathology of IDD is based on the impaired homeostasis of catabolism and anabolism in the extracellular matrix (ECM), uncontrolled activation of immunologic cascades, dysfunction, and loss of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells in addition to dynamic cellular and biochemical alterations in the microenvironment of intervertebral disc (IVD). Currently, the main therapeutic approach regarding IDD is surgical intervention, but it could not considerably cure IDD. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30–150 nm, are secreted by various kinds of cell types like stem cells, tumor cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells; the lipid bilayer of the exosomes protects them from ribonuclease degradation and helps improve their biological efficiency in recipient cells. Increasing lines of evidence have reported the promising applications of exosomes in immunological diseases, and regarded exosomes as a potential therapeutic source for IDD. This review focuses on clarifying novel therapies based on exosomes derived from different cell sources and the essential roles of exosomes in regulating IDD, especially the immunologic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Quan Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mo Wang
- The First Brigade of Basic Medical College, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ziyi Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Songjie Xu
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
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5
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Xu Z, Zheng J, Zhang Y, Wu H, Sun B, Zhang K, Wang J, Zang F, Zhang X, Guo L, Wu X. Increased Expression of Integrin Alpha 6 in Nucleus Pulposus Cells in Response to High Oxygen Tension Protects against Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8632823. [PMID: 34707783 PMCID: PMC8545551 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8632823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The destruction of the low oxygen microenvironment in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells played a critical role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). The purpose of this study was to determine the potential role of integrin alpha 6 (ITG α6) in NP cells in response to high oxygen tension (HOT) in IVDD. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis showed that the levels of ITG α6 expression were increased in the NP tissue from IVDD patients and the IVDD rat model with mild degeneration, which were reduced as the degree of degeneration increases in severity. In NP cells, the treatment of HOT resulted in upregulation of ITG α6 expression, which could be alleviated by blocking the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Further studies found that ITG α6 could protect NP cells against HOT-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress and protect NP cells from HOT-inhibited ECM protein synthesis. Upregulation of ITG α6 expression by HOT contributed to maintaining NP tissue homeostasis through the interaction with hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Furthermore, silencing of ITG α6 in vivo could obviously accelerate puncture-induced IVDD. Taken together, these results revealed that the increase of ITG α6 expression by HOT in NP cells might be a protective factor in IVD degeneration as well as restore NP cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiancheng Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiqiao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fazhi Zang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingkai Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Lou J, Yang X, Shan W, Jin Z, Ding J, Hu Y, Liao Q, Du Q, Xie R, Xu J. Effects of calcium‑permeable ion channels on various digestive diseases in the regulation of autophagy (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:680. [PMID: 34318907 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a process of degradation and catabolism in cells. By removing damaged or dysfunctional organelles, autophagy interacts with the ubiquitin‑proteasome degradation system to jointly regulate cell function and energy homeostasis. Since autophagy plays a key role in physiology, disorders of the autophagy mechanism are associated with various diseases. Therefore, thorough understanding of the autophagy regulatory mechanism are crucially important in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. To date, ion channels may affect the development and treatment of diseases by regulating autophagy, especially calcium‑permeable ion channels, in the process of digestive system diseases. However, the mechanism by which calcium ions and their channels regulate autophagy is still poorly understood, thus emphasizing the need for further research in this field. The present review intends to discuss the association, mechanism and application of calcium ions, their channels and autophagy in the occurrence and development of digestive system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Weixi Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Qiushi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
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Chu YC, Lim J, Lai CH, Tseng MC, Chu YS, Wang JL. Elevation of Intra-Cellular Calcium in Nucleus Pulposus Cells with Micro-Pipette-Guided Ultrasound. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:1775-1784. [PMID: 33931285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of intra-cellular calcium by ultrasound offers a possible means for therapeutic applications. One such possibility is the modulation of nucleus pulposus cells as a preventive measure for inter-vertebral disc degeneration. We report a cellular stimulation device (micro-pipette ultrasound) using a glass micro-pipette as a waveguide to deliver ultrasound through the pipette tip and to elevate intra-cellular calcium in nucleus pulposus cells. The device generates two relevant stimuli at the cellular level: ultrasound propagation throughout the cell and acoustic streaming on the apical side. Ultrasound is radiated from a tip of a few microns, and its amplitude is proportional to the input voltage; acoustic streaming can be controlled by the duty factor. The novelty of the device is to impose a unique cellular loading: shear stress on cell apical surfaces combined with compressional waves propagating through the cells. G protein-coupled receptors and acid-sensing ion channel 3 were shown to play a role in calcium elevation by micro-pipette ultrasound in nucleus pulposus cells. Our results demonstrate that micro-pipette ultrasound can be an effective tool to elevate intra-cellular calcium levels in different cells, facilitating the identification of different mechanoreceptors in action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Cherng Chu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jormay Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsi Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Cyun Tseng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Shiu Chu
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Lin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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de Almeida A, Parthimos D, Dew H, Smart O, Wiltshire M, Errington RJ. Aquaglyceroporin-3's Expression and Cellular Localization Is Differentially Modulated by Hypoxia in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040838. [PMID: 33917751 PMCID: PMC8068192 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are required by cells to enable fast adaptation to volume and osmotic changes, as well as microenvironmental metabolic stimuli. Aquaglyceroporins play a crucial role in supplying cancer cells with glycerol for metabolic needs. Here, we show that AQP3 is differentially expressed in cells of a prostate cancer panel. AQP3 is located at the cell membrane and cytoplasm of LNCaP cell while being exclusively expressed in the cytoplasm of Du145 and PC3 cells. LNCaP cells show enhanced hypoxia growth; Du145 and PC3 cells display stress factors, indicating a crucial role for AQP3 at the plasma membrane in adaptation to hypoxia. Hypoxia, both acute and chronic affected AQP3′s cellular localization. These outcomes were validated using a machine learning classification approach of the three cell lines and of the six normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Classifiers trained on morphological features derived from cytoskeletal and nuclear labeling alongside corresponding texture features could uniquely identify each individual cell line and the corresponding hypoxia exposure. Cytoskeletal features were 70–90% accurate, while nuclear features allowed for 55–70% accuracy. Cellular texture features (73.9% accuracy) were a stronger predictor of the hypoxic load than the AQP3 distribution (60.3%).
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Baumgartner L, Wuertz-Kozak K, Le Maitre CL, Wignall F, Richardson SM, Hoyland J, Ruiz Wills C, González Ballester MA, Neidlin M, Alexopoulos LG, Noailly J. Multiscale Regulation of the Intervertebral Disc: Achievements in Experimental, In Silico, and Regenerative Research. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E703. [PMID: 33445782 PMCID: PMC7828304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major risk factor of low back pain. It is defined by a progressive loss of the IVD structure and functionality, leading to severe impairments with restricted treatment options due to the highly demanding mechanical exposure of the IVD. Degenerative changes in the IVD usually increase with age but at an accelerated rate in some individuals. To understand the initiation and progression of this disease, it is crucial to identify key top-down and bottom-up regulations' processes, across the cell, tissue, and organ levels, in health and disease. Owing to unremitting investigation of experimental research, the comprehension of detailed cell signaling pathways and their effect on matrix turnover significantly rose. Likewise, in silico research substantially contributed to a holistic understanding of spatiotemporal effects and complex, multifactorial interactions within the IVD. Together with important achievements in the research of biomaterials, manifold promising approaches for regenerative treatment options were presented over the last years. This review provides an integrative analysis of the current knowledge about (1) the multiscale function and regulation of the IVD in health and disease, (2) the possible regenerative strategies, and (3) the in silico models that shall eventually support the development of advanced therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Baumgartner
- BCN MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.); (C.R.W.); (M.A.G.B.)
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), Rochester, NY 14623, USA;
- Schön Clinic Munich Harlaching, Spine Center, Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg (Austria), 81547 Munich, Germany
| | - Christine L. Le Maitre
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK;
| | - Francis Wignall
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (F.W.); (S.M.R.); (J.H.)
| | - Stephen M. Richardson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (F.W.); (S.M.R.); (J.H.)
| | - Judith Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (F.W.); (S.M.R.); (J.H.)
| | - Carlos Ruiz Wills
- BCN MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.); (C.R.W.); (M.A.G.B.)
| | - Miguel A. González Ballester
- BCN MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.); (C.R.W.); (M.A.G.B.)
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Neidlin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece; (M.N.); (L.G.A.)
| | - Leonidas G. Alexopoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece; (M.N.); (L.G.A.)
| | - Jérôme Noailly
- BCN MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.); (C.R.W.); (M.A.G.B.)
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10
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Sun Z, Zhao H, Liu B, Gao Y, Tang WH, Liu ZH, Luo ZJ. AF cell derived exosomes regulate endothelial cell migration and inflammation: Implications for vascularization in intervertebral disc degeneration. Life Sci 2020; 265:118778. [PMID: 33217442 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The intervertebral disc is the largest avascular organ of the body. Vascularization of the disc has been typically regarded as a pathological feature of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, the underlying mechanism of vascularization in IDD is still unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the role of AF cell derived exosome (AF-exo) in the interaction with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its potential role in the regulation of vascularization in IDD. MAIN METHODS Human AF tissues were obtained from patients with IDD and idiopathic scoliosis. The AF-exo were isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle trafficking analysis (NTA) and Western blotting. Then, the AF-exo were used for HUVECs cultures. The migration of HUVECs was observed in 2D and 3D cultures. The inflammatory phenotype of HUVECs was examined by Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, apoptosis of HUVECs were analyzed by flow cytometry. KEY FINDINGS Here, we for the first time found that AF cells could secrete AF-exo and that the AF-exo could be phagocytosed by HUVECs. Additionally, we found that degenerated AF-exo exerted pro-vascularization effect on HUVECs by promoting cell migration (in 2D and 3D cultures) and inflammatory factor expression including IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-3, MMP-13 and VEGF, whereas the application of non-degenerated AF-exo demonstrated inverse effects. SIGNIFICANCE These results showed that AF-exo is an essential regulator mediating intercellular communication between AF cells and HUVECs, suggesting its important role in vascularization in the intervertebral disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Sun
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Western Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Western Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, The 456th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Jinan, PR China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Western Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Western Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Wen-Hao Tang
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Western Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Zhi-Heng Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, 986 Air Force Hospital of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Jing Luo
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Western Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
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Guo Y, Meng Y, Liu H, Wang B, Ding C, Rong X, Yang Y, Hong Y. Acid-sensing ion channels mediate the degeneration of intervertebral disc via various pathways-A systematic review. Channels (Austin) 2020; 13:367-373. [PMID: 31526163 PMCID: PMC6768050 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2019.1664038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the pathological significance of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), the database of Medline, Web of Science, and EmBase were carefully screened. Search terms used in each database varied slightly to optimize results. Data relating to the correlation between ASICs and IVDD was systematically collected and integrated into the review. 11 basic science studies, containing the related information, were finally identified for inclusion. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly people, which has a great impact on patients’ quality of life. Many research teams have attempted to elucidate the pathogenesis of this degenerative disease, and have made considerable progress. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) were once reported to be able to regulate the apoptosis process of chondrocytes in joint cartilage, which has been transplanted into the IVDD-related research. ASIC1a functions as the mediator for cells in nucleus pulposus (NP) and endplate (EP), with whose activation the apoptosis process would be accelerated. Moreover, ASIC1a’s activation could also regulate the anabolism in chondrocytes of EP, facilitating the degeneration. ASIC3 would only promote the degeneration in NP, possibly via its pro-inflammatory effect. The distribution of ASICs in NP, EP, annulus fibrosus, and the particular functions of ASIC1a and ASIC3 remind us about the pathological significance of ASICs in IVDD, which could be a promising therapeutic target in future treatment for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Yang Meng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Beiyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Chen Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Xin Rong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Ying Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
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