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Hafiz AA. The neuroprotective effect of vitamin D in Parkinson's disease: association or causation. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:870-886. [PMID: 37731327 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2259680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease (NDD) due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the substantia nigra (SN). PD is characterized by diverse motor symptoms such as rigidity, resting tremors, and bradykinesia, and non-motor symptoms such as cognitive dysfunction and sleep disturbances. Vitamin D (VD), VD receptor (VDR), and VD metabolites are present in the brain and play a role in maintaining the development, differentiation, and functions of the DNs. VDRs exert protective effects against PD neuropathology by modulating functional capacity and DNs neurotransmission in the SN. In virtue of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, VD could be effective in the prevention and treatment of PD. VD exerts a neuroprotective effect by reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and by increasing autophagy and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Low VD serum level is connected with cognitive dysfunction and the development of dementia in PD. The VD-mediated cognitive augmenting effect is interrelated to the safeguarding of synaptic plasticity and modulation of neurotransmitter release. VD deficiency is linked with the severity of olfactory dysfunction which precedes the progression of symptomatic PD. However, the precise role of VD in PD remains unidentified, and there is a conflict about whether treatment with VD can ameliorate PD or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin A Hafiz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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2
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Tang L, Yang W, Zhang J. FoxO1 silencing in Atp7b -/- neural stem cells attenuates high copper-induced apoptosis via regulation of autophagy. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38837406 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is a severely autosomal genetic disorder triggered by dysregulated copper metabolism. Autophagy and apoptosis share common modulators that process cellular death. Emerging evidences suggest that Forkhead Box O1 over-expression (FoxO1-OE) aggravates abnormal autophagy and apoptosis to induce neuronal injury. However, the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. Herein, the aim of this study was to investigate how regulating FoxO1 affects cellular autophagy and apoptosis to attenuate neuronal injury in a well-established WD cell model, the high concentration copper sulfate (CuSO4, HC)-triggered Atp7b-/- (Knockout, KO) neural stem cell (NSC) lines. The FoxO1-OE plasmid, or siRNA-FoxO1 (siFoxO1) plasmid, or empty vector plasmid was stably transfected with recombinant lentiviral vectors into HC-induced Atp7b-/- NSCs. Toxic effects of excess deposited copper on wild-type (WT), Atp7b-/- WD mouse hippocampal NSCs were tested by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Subsequently, the FoxO1 expression was evaluated by immunofluorescence (IF) assay, western blot (WB) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Meanwhile, the cell autophagy and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry (FC), TUNEL staining, 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), JC-1, WB, and qRT-PCR. The current study demonstrated a strong rise in FoxO1 levels in HC-treated Atp7b-/- NSCs, accompanied with dysregulated autophagy and hyperactive apoptosis. Also, it was observed that cell viability was significantly decreased with the over-expressed FoxO1 in HC-treated Atp7b-/- WD model. As intended, silencing FoxO1 effectively inhibited abnormal autophagy in HC-treated Atp7b-/- NSCs, as depicted by a decline in LC3II/I, Beclin-1, ATG3, ATG7, ATG13, and ATG16, whereas simultaneously increasing P62. In addition, silencing FoxO1 suppressed apoptosis via diminishing oxidative stress (OS), and mitochondrial dysfunction in HC-induced Atp7b-/- NSCs. Collectively, these results clearly demonstrate the silencing FoxO1 has the neuroprotective role of suppressing aberrant cellular autophagy and apoptosis, which efficiently attenuates neuronal injury in WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Department of Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lulu Tang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Marrone E, Di Palermo C, Iommi C, Ruggirello R, Caffarelli C, Gonnelli S, Barbagallo M. Vitamin D and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Older Adults: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1561. [PMID: 38892495 PMCID: PMC11173817 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is very common worldwide, particularly in old age, when people are at the highest risk of the negative adverse consequences of hypovitaminosis D. Additionally to the recognized functions in the regulation of calcium absorption, bone remodeling, and bone growth, vitamin D plays a key role as a hormone, which is supported by various enzymatic, physiological, metabolic, and pathophysiological processes related to various human organs and systems. Accruing evidence supports that vitamin D plays a key role in pancreatic islet dysfunction and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. From an epidemiological viewpoint, numerous studies suggest that the growing incidence of type 2 diabetes in humans may be linked to the global trend of prevalent vitamin D insufficiency. In the past, this association has raised discussions due to the equivocal results, which lately have been more convincing of the true role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of incident type 2 diabetes. Most meta-analyses evaluating this role have been conducted in adults or young older persons (50-60 years old), with only one focusing on older populations, even if this is the population at greater risk of both hypovitaminosis D and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we conducted an update of the previous systematic review and meta-analysis examining whether hypovitaminosis D (low serum 25OHD levels) can predict incident diabetes in prospective longitudinal studies among older adults. We found that low 25OHD was associated with incident diabetes in older adults even after adjusting for several relevant potential confounders, confirming and updating the results of the only previous meta-analysis conducted in 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J. Dominguez
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, “Kore” University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Eliana Marrone
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Carla Di Palermo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Candela Iommi
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Rosaria Ruggirello
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Carla Caffarelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Stefano Gonnelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
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Soeprijadi RS, Andarini S, Hariyanti T, Wayan Arsana Wiyasa I. Lactogenesis factors in the Asian population. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 554:117784. [PMID: 38272252 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of disrupted lactogenesis in Asian populations underscores the importance of timely identification and efficient intervention. This study acknowledges the influence of ethnicity on genetic variations and aims to investigate the genetic mechanisms that contribute to lactogenesis in individuals of Asian descent. This study examines the possibilities of genetic screening as a means of applying preventive measures, with a particular focus on epigenetic techniques. Additionally, the analysis looks into the underlying mechanisms involved in milk production. This review discusses the intricate mechanisms underlying breast milk production and the potential influence of genetic variables on lactogenesis. Specifically, it explores the association between lactogenesis issues and genetic conditions such as depression, obesity, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes. These genetic factors could potentially be found by genetic screening as contributors to disruption in lactogenesis. This study aims to promote future investigation in the subject of genetic testing and its potential association with lactogenesis issues, despite the current scarcity of direct research on this topic. The statement posits that the progress made in genetic testing has the potential to provide novel insights into the timely identification and treatment of disrupted lactogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raden Slamet Soeprijadi
- Doctoral Study Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - Sri Andarini
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - Tita Hariyanti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - I Wayan Arsana Wiyasa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
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Cheng K, Yang G, Huang M, Huang Y, Wang C. Exogenous 1,25(OH) 2D 3/VD 3 counteracts RSL3-Induced ferroptosis by enhancing antioxidant capacity and regulating iron ion transport: Using zebrafish as a model. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110828. [PMID: 38081571 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
RSL3 is a common inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) that can induce ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is an iron ion-dependent, oxidative-type of programmed cell death. In this study, larval/adult zebrafish were stimulated with RSL3 to construct a ferroptosis model, and CYP2R1-/- zebrafish was used as a 1,25(OH)2D3 knock-down model to explore the regulatory effect and mechanism of 1,25(OH)2D3/VD3 on RSL3-induced ferroptosis. The results showed that 1,25(OH)2D3/VD3 alleviated RSL3 induced mitochondrial damage in liver of larval/adult zebrafish, reversed the decline of GPx4 activity, and reduced the accumulation of ROS, LPO and MDA. VD3 also inhibited hepcidin (HEPC) in adult fish liver, promoted the production of ferroportin (FPN), and reduced the aggregation of Fe2+. Exogenous 1,25(OH)2D3 increased the CYP2R1-/- survival and liver GPx4 activity after RSL3 treatment. At the gene level, 1,25(OH)2D3/VD3 activated Keap1-Nrf2-GPx4 and inhibited the NFκB-hepcidin axis. In the ferroptosis context, deletion of the cyp2r1 gene resulted in a more severe decline in gpx4 expression, but the exogenous 1,25(OH)2D3 increased the expression of the GPx4 gene and protein in CYP2R1-/- zebrafish liver after RSL3 treatment. The collective results indicated that 1,25(OH)2D3/VD3 can inhibit ferroptosis induced by RSL3 in liver of larval/adult zebrafish by improving the antioxidant capacity and regulating iron ion transport. Exogenous 1,25(OH)2D3 reverses the downregulation of GPx4 in the CYP2R1-/- zebrafish liver in the ferroptosis state. Compared with the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1, the mechanism of action of 1,25(OH)2D3/VD3 is diversified and nonspecific. This study demonstrated the resistance of VD3 to RSL3-induced ferroptosis at different developmental stages in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Huang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanqing Huang
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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6
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Li Y, Liu Y, Yao X, Wang H, Shi Z, He M. METTL14-mediated lncRNA XIST silencing alleviates GDM progression by facilitating trophoblast cell proliferation and migration via the miR-497-5p/FOXO1 axis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23621. [PMID: 38229320 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a prevalent complication during the gestation period, has been linked to impaired proliferation and migration of trophoblasts causing placental maldevelopment. We previously found that lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) played an essential role in GDM progression. Here, we investigated the precise biological functions as well as the upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms of XIST in GDM. We found that XIST and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) were conspicuously upregulated and miR-497-5p and methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) were downregulated in the placentas of GDM patients. XIST silencing facilitated proliferation and migration and inhibited cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HG-cultured HTR8/SVneo cells. METTL14 inhibited XIST expression through m6A methylation modification. XIST overexpression abrogated the positive effect of METTL14 overexpression on HG-cultured HTR8/SVneo cell progression. MiR-497-5p and FOXO1 are downstream regulatory genes of XIST in HTR8/SVneo cells. Reverse experiments illustrated that XIST mediated HTR8/SVneo cell functions by regulating the miR-497-5p/FOXO1 axis. Additionally, XIST silencing augmented glucose tolerance and alleviated fetal detrimental changes in GDM rats. To conclude, METTL14-mediated XIST silencing facilitated proliferation and migration and inhibited cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HG-cultured HTR8/SVneo cells via the miR-497-5p/FOXO1 axis, thereby alleviating GDM progression in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchuan Li
- Obstetrical Department, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Yao
- Medical Services, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haili Wang
- Obstetrical Department, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziyun Shi
- Obstetrical Department, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meiqing He
- Ultrasound Department, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Xia Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Du Y, Wang Y, Xu A, Li S. Cadmium exposure induces necroptosis of porcine spleen via ROS-mediated activation of STAT1/RIPK3 signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2023; 64:382-392. [PMID: 37452679 DOI: 10.1002/em.22565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal, is used in a wide range of applications, such as plastics, electroplating process, electronics, and so forth. Due to its bioaccumulation ability, Cd can contaminate soil, water, air and food. To determine the effect of Cd exposure on the necroptosis in pig spleen and its mechanistic investigation, we constructed a model in pigs by feeding them food containing 20 mg/kg Cd. In this study, we analyzed the effects of Cd exposure on pig spleen through HE staining, Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB), and principal component analysis (PCA). Results show that Cd exposure can destroy the structure and function of pig spleen, which is closely related to necroptosis. Further results show that Cd exposure can induce necroptosis through ROS-mediated activation of Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1/Receptor-Interacting Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase 3 (STAT1/RIPK3) signaling pathway in pig spleen. Additionally, Cd exposure also can affect the stability of mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAMs) structure, which also contributes to the process of necroptosis. Our study provides insights into the physiological toxicity caused by Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhen Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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de la O S, Yao X, Chang S, Liu Z, Sneddon JB. Single-cell chromatin accessibility of developing murine pancreas identifies cell state-specific gene regulatory programs. Mol Metab 2023; 73:101735. [PMID: 37178817 PMCID: PMC10230264 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have characterized the existence of cell subtypes, along with their corresponding transcriptional profiles, within the developing mouse pancreas. The upstream mechanisms that initiate and maintain gene expression programs across cell states, however, remain largely unknown. Here, we generate single-nucleus ATAC-Sequencing data of developing murine pancreas and perform an integrated, multi-omic analysis of both chromatin accessibility and RNA expression to describe the chromatin landscape of the developing pancreas at both E14.5 and E17.5 at single-cell resolution. We identify candidate transcription factors regulating cell fate and construct gene regulatory networks of active transcription factor binding to regulatory regions of downstream target genes. This work serves as a valuable resource for the field of pancreatic biology in general and contributes to our understanding of lineage plasticity among endocrine cell types. In addition, these data identify which epigenetic states should be represented in the differentiation of stem cells to the pancreatic beta cell fate to best recapitulate in vitro the gene regulatory networks that are critical for progression along the beta cell lineage in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean de la O
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Xinkai Yao
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Sean Chang
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Julie B Sneddon
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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Wu J, Atkins A, Downes M, Wei Z. Vitamin D in Diabetes: Uncovering the Sunshine Hormone's Role in Glucose Metabolism and Beyond. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081997. [PMID: 37111216 PMCID: PMC10142687 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, epidemiology and functional studies have started to reveal a pivotal role of vitamin D in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes pathogenesis. Acting through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), vitamin D regulates insulin secretion in pancreatic islets and insulin sensitivity in multiple peripheral metabolic organs. In vitro studies and both T1D and T2D animal models showed that vitamin D can improve glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulin secretion, reducing inflammation, reducing autoimmunity, preserving beta cell mass, and sensitizing insulin action. Conversely, vitamin D deficiency has been shown relevant in increasing T1D and T2D incidence. While clinical trials testing the hypothesis that vitamin D improves glycemia in T2D have shown conflicting results, subgroup and meta-analyses support the idea that raising serum vitamin D levels may reduce the progression from prediabetes to T2D. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of vitamin D in insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and immunity, as well as the observational and interventional human studies investigating the use of vitamin D as a treatment for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Annette Atkins
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael Downes
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zong Wei
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
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FoxO1 Deficiency Enhances Cell Proliferation and Survival Under Normoglycemia and Promotes Angiogenesis Under Hyperglycemia in the Placenta. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100017. [PMID: 36748194 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
FoxO1 is an important transcriptional factor that regulates cell survival and metabolism in many tissues. Deleting FoxO1 results in embryonic death due to failure of chorioallantoic fusion at E8.5; however, its role in placental development during mid-late gestation is unclear. In both human patients with gestational diabetes and pregnant mice with hyperglycemia, placental FoxO1 expression was significantly increased. Using FoxO1+/- mice, the effects of FoxO1 haploinsufficiency on placental development under normoglycemia and hyperglycemia were investigated. With FoxO1 haploinsufficiency, the term placental weight increased under both normal and hyperglycemic conditions. Under normoglycemia, this weight change was associated with a general enlargement of the labyrinth, along with increased cell proliferation, decreased cell apoptosis, and decreased expression of p21, p27, Casp3, Casp8, and Rip3. However, under hyperglycemia, the placental weight change was associated with increased fetal blood space, VEGFA overexpression, and expression changes of the angiogenic markers, Eng and Tsp1. In conclusion, FoxO1 plays a role in regulating cell proliferation, cell survival, or angiogenesis, depending on blood glucose levels, during placenta development.
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Shi Y, Zhong H, Pang L. Maternal micronutrient disturbance as risks of offspring metabolic syndrome. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 75:127097. [PMID: 36272194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a constellation of individual metabolic disturbances, including central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. The established pathogenesis of MetS varies extensively with gender, age, ethnic background, and nutritional status. In terms of nutritional status, micronutrients are more likely to be discounted as essential components of required nutrition than macronutrients due to the small amount required. Numerous observational studies have shown that pregnant women frequently experience malnutrition, especially in developing and low-income countries, resulting in chronic MetS in the offspring due to the urgent and increasing demands for micronutrients during gestation and lactation. Over the past few decades, scientific developments have revolutionized our understanding of the association between balanced maternal micronutrients and MetS in the offspring. Examples of successful individual, dual, or multiple maternal micronutrient interventions on the offspring include iron for hypertension, selenium for type 2 diabetes, and a combination of folate and vitamin D for adiposity. In this review, we aim to elucidate the effects of maternal micronutrient intake on offspring metabolic homeostasis and discuss potential perspectives and challenges in the field of maternal micronutrient interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Shi
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China.
| | - Hong Zhong
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Lingxia Pang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China.
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12
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Zheng Z, Xie J, Ma L, Hao Z, Zhang W, Li L. Vitamin D Receptor Activation Targets ROS-Mediated Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Apoptosis in Hepatocytes in Cholestasic Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:887-901. [PMID: 36280140 PMCID: PMC9972562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Observational epidemiologic studies have associated vitamin D deficiency with cholestasis. We reported previously that activation of the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis in cholangiocytes mitigates cholestatic liver injury by remodeling the damaged bile duct. However, the function of VDR in hepatocytes during cholestasis remains unclear. METHODS Paricalcitol (VDR agonist, 200 ng/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into bile duct-ligated mice every other day for 5 days. Primary hepatocytes and HepG2 hepatoma cells were transfected with Vdr short hairpin RNA, control short hairpin RNA, Vdr plasmid, control vector, Atg5 small interfering RNA (siRNA), and control siRNA. Liver histology, cell proliferation, and autophagy were evaluated. RESULTS Treatment with the VDR agonist paricalcitol improved liver injury in bile duct-ligated mice by up-regulating VDR expression in hepatocytes, which in turn reduced hepatocyte apoptosis by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation via suppressing the Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1/reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1 pathway. Mechanistically, upon exposure to an ROS-inducing compound, Vdr siRNA contributed to apoptosis, whereas the Vdr overexpression caused resistance to apoptosis. Interestingly, up-regulated VDR expression also increased the generation of autophagosomes and macroautophagic/autophagic flux, which was the underlying mechanism for reduced apoptosis following VDR activation. Autophagy depletion impaired the positive effects of VDR overexpression, whereas autophagy induction was synergystic with VDR overexpression. Importantly, up-regulation of VDR promoted autophagy activation by suppressing the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) pathway. Thus, a p38MAPK inhibitor abrogated the Vdr siRNA-induced decrease in autophagy and the Vdr siRNA-induced increase in apoptosis. In contrast, a Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/ERK activator prevented the enhancement of autophagy and decreased apoptosis following Vdr overexpression. Moreover, the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcystein (NAC) blocked Vdr siRNA-enhanced activation of the ERK/p38MAPK pathway. CONCLUSIONS VDR activation mitigated liver cholestatic injury by reducing autophagy-dependent hepatocyte apoptosis and suppressing the activation of the ROS-dependent ERK/p38MAPK pathway. Thus, VDR activation may be a potential target for the treatment of cholestatic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Wenling First People's Hospital, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, P R China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, P R China
| | - Liman Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, P R China
| | - Zhiqing Hao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Wenling First People's Hospital, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, P R China.
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Eghbali BB, Ramezani S, Alavi CE, Ghayeghran AR, Herfeh SS, Atefi A, Limouei SR, Ansar MM. The association of 25 (OH) D3 serum level with ischemic cerebrovascular accident risk, severity and outcome in Iranian population. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23810. [PMID: 36201347 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of combined presence of vitamin D deficiency and other risk factors of stroke in ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA) development in Iranian adults has been unclear, so far. The association of vitamin D status at admission with ischemic CVA severity and outcome in this community is not yet well elucidated. This study aimed to clarify these ambiguities. METHODS In a cross-sectional study 104 hospitalized ischemic CVA patients and 104 healthy controls participated. The serum level of 25 (OH) D3 and baseline biochemical parameters were measured in ischemic patients within the first 24 h of admission, as well as healthy controls. The severity of CVA and clinical outcome were assessed using National Institutes Health Stroke Scale and Modified Rankin Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS There was a significant difference between patients and controls regarding the presence of vitamin D3 deficiency, hypertension, smoking, and baseline level of LDL and FBS. Vitamin D3 deficiency boosted the risk of ischemic in males and those having family history of CVA. A low serum level of 25 (OH) D3 was associated with more severity and poor outcome of CVA. The CVA severity, vitamin D3 deficiency, and hypertension were predictors of poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the increased risk of ischemia in Iranians by cooccurrence of vitamin D3 deficiency and other risk factors of CVA. Clinical significance of vitamin D3 deficiency control may be suggested in those at risk of CVA and functional poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Bakhshayesh Eghbali
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sara Ramezani
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Cyrus Emir Alavi
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Ghayeghran
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sina Sedaghat Herfeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amirhomayoun Atefi
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sepideh Rahimi Limouei
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Malek Moein Ansar
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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14
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Yu J, Sharma P, Girgis CM, Gunton JE. Vitamin D and Beta Cells in Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214434. [PMID: 36430915 PMCID: PMC9696701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is rising steadily. A potential contributor to the rise is vitamin D. In this systematic review, we examined the literature around vitamin D and T1D. We identified 22 papers examining the role of vitamin D in cultured β-cell lines, islets, or perfused pancreas, and 28 papers examining vitamin D in humans or human islets. The literature reports strong associations between T1D and low circulating vitamin D. There is also high-level (systematic reviews, meta-analyses) evidence that adequate vitamin D status in early life reduces T1D risk. Several animal studies, particularly in NOD mice, show harm from D-deficiency and benefit in most studies from vitamin D treatment/supplementation. Short-term streptozotocin studies show a β-cell survival effect with supplementation. Human studies report associations between VDR polymorphisms and T1D risk and β-cell function, as assessed by C-peptide. In view of those outcomes, the variable results in human trials are generally disappointing. Most studies using 1,25D, the active form of vitamin D were ineffective. Similarly, studies using other forms of vitamin D were predominantly ineffective. However, it is interesting to note that all but one of the studies testing 25D reported benefit. Together, this suggests that maintenance of optimal circulating 25D levels may reduce the risk of T1D and that it may have potential for benefits in delaying the development of absolute or near-absolute C-peptide deficiency. Given the near-complete loss of β-cells by the time of clinical diagnosis, vitamin D is much less likely to be useful after disease-onset. However, given the very low toxicity of 25D, and the known benefits of preservation of C-peptide positivity for long-term complications risk, we recommend considering daily cholecalciferol supplementation in people with T1D and people at high risk of T1D, especially if they have vitamin D insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Yu
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Christian M. Girgis
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jenny E. Gunton
- Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology (CDOE), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-8890-8089
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15
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Beeram H, Siddamalla S, Tumu VR, KV V, Vidala A, Deenadayal M, Sisinthy S, Bhanoori M. Genetic Variants of VDR and PGC-1α Are Not Associated with the Risk of Endometriosis in Indian Women. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:987-995. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Himabindu Beeram
- Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Veena KV
- Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Akanksha Vidala
- Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mamata Deenadayal
- Infertility Institute and Research Centre (IIRC), Secunderabad, India
| | - Shivaji Sisinthy
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, India
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manjula Bhanoori
- Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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Fan L, Li H, Huo W. Inhibitory role of microRNA-484 in kidney stone formation by repressing calcium oxalate crystallization via a VDR/FoxO1 regulator axis. Urolithiasis 2022; 50:665-678. [PMID: 36227295 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-022-01359-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Kidney stones are regarded as common malignant diseases in the developed world. As a result, significant research examining their formation is ongoing, with microRNAs (miRs) recently being linked with kidney stone formation. Here, we aim to define the potential role of miR-484 in regulating renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) viability and the attachment of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals to RTECs via vitamin D receptor (VDR)/forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) axis. The pathological condition of CaOx crystallization was induced and examined in Sprague-Dawley rats, while RTECs were isolated and cultured in vitro. Loss- and gain-function assays were performed to study the effects that miR-484, VDR, and FoxO1 on RTEC functions and CaOx crystallization in vitro and on kidney stone formation in vivo. The interaction between miR-484 and VDR was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assays. Downregulation of miR-484 and FoxO1 as well as overexpression of VDR were identified in kidney stone modelled rats. VDR was confirmed as a target gene of miR-484, while knockdown of VDR upregulated the FoxO1 expression. miR-484 overexpression or VDR suppression reduced RTEC cytotoxicity and crystal attachment to RTECs in vitro and reduced the CaOx crystallization in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-484 overexpression may be a potential inhibitor of RTEC proliferation and CaOx crystallization through a VDR/FoxO1 regulatory axis, providing a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of kidney stone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fan
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huo
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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Jerome MS, Kuthethur R, Kabekkodu SP, Chakrabarty S. Regulation of mitochondrial function by forkhead transcription factors. Biochimie 2022; 198:96-108. [PMID: 35367579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Mohd Ghozali N, Giribabu N, Salleh N. Mechanisms Linking Vitamin D Deficiency to Impaired Metabolism: An Overview. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:6453882. [PMID: 35859985 PMCID: PMC9293580 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6453882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem worldwide. Despite its known skeletal effects, studies have begun to explore its extra-skeletal effects, that is, in preventing metabolic diseases such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. The mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency led to these unfavorable metabolic consequences have been explored. Current evidence indicates that the deficiency of vitamin D could impair the pancreatic β-cell functions, thus compromising its insulin secretion. Besides, vitamin D deficiency could also exacerbate inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the pancreas and many organs, which leads to insulin resistance. Together, these will contribute to impairment in glucose homeostasis. This review summarizes the reported metabolic effects of vitamin D, in order to identify its potential use to prevent and overcome metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurulmuna Mohd Ghozali
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
| | - Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
| | - Naguib Salleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
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1,25(OH) 2D 3 Inhibited Ferroptosis in Zebrafish Liver Cells (ZFL) by Regulating Keap1-Nrf2-GPx4 and NF-κB-hepcidin Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111334. [PMID: 34768761 PMCID: PMC8583391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a kind of iron-dependent programed cell death. Vitamin D has been shown to be an antioxidant and a regulator of iron metabolism, but the relationship between vitamin D and ferroptosis is poorly studied in fish. This study used zebrafish liver cells (ZFL) to establish a ferroptosis model to explore the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on cell ferroptosis and its mechanism of action. The results showed that different incubation patterns of 1,25(OH)2D3 improved the survival rate of ZFL, mitigated mitochondrial damage, enhanced total glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as iron ion levels, with the best effect at 200 pM 1,25(OH)2D3 preincubation for 72 h. Preincubation of ZFL at 200 pM 1,25(OH)2D3 for 72 h downgraded keap1 and ptgs2 gene expression, increased nrf2, ho-1, fth1, gpx4a,b expression, and lowered the expression of the nf-κb p65,il-6,il-1β gene, thus reducing the expression of hamp1. The above results indicate that different incubation patterns of 1,25(OH)2D3 have protective effects on ferroptosis of ZFL induced by ferroptosis activator RSL3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 can inhibit ferroptosis of ZFL by regulating Keap1-Nrf2-GPx4 and NF-κB-hepcidin axis.
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20
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Xi H, He Z, Lv C. FOXG1 improves mitochondrial function and promotes the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:651. [PMID: 34278485 PMCID: PMC8299199 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead‑box gene 1 (FOXG1) has been reported to serve an important role in various malignancies, but its effects on nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) remain unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the specific regulatory relationship between FOXG1 and NPC progression. Tumor tissues and matching para‑carcinoma tissues were obtained from patients with NPC. Small interfering (si)RNA‑FOXG1 and pcDNA3.1‑FOXG1 were transfected into SUNE‑1 and C666‑1 cells to knockdown and overexpress FOXG1 expression, respectively. FOXG1 expression was detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. Cell proliferation was detected using MTT and 5‑ethynyl‑20‑deoxyuridine assays. Transwell invasion assay, wound healing assay and flow cytometry were used to detect cell invasion, migration and apoptosis, respectively. Western blotting was conducted to detect the expression levels of mitochondrial markers (succinate dehydrogenase complex flavoprotein subunit A, heat shock protein 60 and pyruvate dehydrogenase), epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins (N‑cadherin, Snail and E‑cadherin) and apoptosis‑related proteins [Bax, Bcl‑2, poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP), cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase‑3, cleaved caspase‑8, cleaved caspase‑9, caspase‑3, caspase‑8 and caspase‑9]. The mitochondrial membrane potential was detected via flow cytometry, while the ATP/ADP ratio was determined using the ADP/ATP ratio assay kit. The present results demonstrated that FOXG1 expression was upregulated in NPC tissues and cells, and was associated with distant metastasis and TNM stage. Moreover, knockdown of FOXG1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT and mitochondrial function of SUNE‑1 cells, as well as promoted cell apoptosis, while the opposite results were observed in C666‑1 cells. In conclusion, FOXG1 enhanced proliferation, migration and invasion, induced EMT and improved mitochondrial function in NPC cells. The current findings provide an adequate theoretical basis for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Xi
- Department of Otolaryngology and Stomatology, Shouguang People's Hospital, Shouguang, Shandong 262700, P.R. China
| | - Zhengxiang He
- Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wuwei People's Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Cao Lv
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
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21
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Li Y, Yuan X, Shi Z, Wang H, Ren D, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Liu Y, Cui Z. LncRNA XIST serves as a diagnostic biomarker in gestational diabetes mellitus and its regulatory effect on trophoblast cell via miR-497-5p/FOXO1 axis. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2021; 11:716-725. [PMID: 34295698 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-21-110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasingly common in pregnancy. This study's purpose was to identify the expression of XIST and manifest the potential mechanism of XIST in GDM. Methods Ninety-three patients with GDM and 93 normal pregnant women were included in this investigation. qRT-PCR was conducted to evaluate the expression of miR-497-5p and XIST and the relationship between XIST and fasting blood glucose (FBG) was explored by Pearson assay. The clinical diagnosis of XIST on GDM patients was validated by the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was applied to elucidate cell viability. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to document the relationship among XIST, miR-497-5p, and FOXO1. Results The expression of XIST was increased in GDM patients and HTR-8/SVneo cell models caused by high glucose (HG). The expression of XIST was associated with the FBG levels and appeared to be a feasible indicator in discriminating GDM patients. The expression of miR-497-5p was prominently reduced in GDM patients and cell models. Inhibition of XIST might alleviate the adverse function of HG on cell viability via sponging miR-497-5p. FOXO1 was proved to be a downstream target gene of miR-497-5p. Conclusions Overexpression of XIST and downregulation of miR-497-5p were indicated in this publication. XIST might serve as a promising diagnostic marker for GDM patients. XIST/miR-497-5p/FOXO1 axis played a critical role in the regulation of trophoblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohua Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziyun Shi
- Department of Obstetrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Haili Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Duomei Ren
- Department of Obstetrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yangyang Fan
- Department of Obstetrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhangxia Cui
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine (Xi Xian Central Hospital), Xianyang, China
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22
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Yu M, Wu H, Wang J, Chen X, Pan J, Liu P, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhu W, Tang C, Jin Q, Li C, Lu C, Zeng H, Yu C, Sun J. Vitamin D receptor inhibits EMT via regulation of the epithelial mitochondrial function in intestinal fibrosis. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100531. [PMID: 33713706 PMCID: PMC8054199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays a crucial role in acute inflammatory bowel disease and that intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of Crohn's disease (CD). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important hallmark of fibrogenesis through which epithelial cells lose their epithelial phenotype and transform into mesenchymal cells. It is known that the VDR plays an essential role in epithelial integrity and mitochondrial function, but its role in intestinal fibrosis remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether the VDR is involved in epithelial mitochondrial dysfunction that results in EMT in intestinal fibrosis. Using human CD samples, intestine-specific VDR-KO mice, and fibroblast cellular models, we showed that the expression of the VDR was significantly lower in intestinal stenotic areas than in nonstenotic areas in patients with chronic CD. Genetic deletion of the VDR in the intestinal epithelium exacerbated intestinal fibrosis in mice administered with dextran sulfate sodium or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, two experimental colitis inducers. In addition, we found that vitamin D dietary intervention regulated intestinal fibrosis by modulating the intestinal expression of the VDR. Mechanistically, knocking down the VDR in both CCD-18Co cells and human primary colonic fibroblasts promoted fibroblast activation, whereas VDR overexpression or VDR agonist administration inhibited fibroblast activation. Further analysis illustrated that the VDR inhibited EMT in the HT29 cell model and that mitochondrial dysfunction mediated epithelial integrity and barrier function in VDR-deficient epithelial cells. Together, our data for the first time demonstrate that VDR activation alleviates intestinal fibrosis by inhibiting fibroblast activation and epithelial mitochondria-mediated EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueyang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peihao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yishu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Yiming Z, Hang Y, Bing S, Hua X, Bo H, Honggui L, Shu L. Antagonistic effect of VDR/CREB1 pathway on cadmium-induced apoptosis in porcine spleen. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111819. [PMID: 33360786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic trace element that can enter the environment with industrial waste and accumulate in the body but the health effects of Cd on ternary pigs are still lacking in research. In order to explore the effect of Cd on the apoptosis of pig spleen and its mechanism, this study chose ternary pig as the research object to detect relevant indicators in pig spleen under Cd exposure. The results of this study showed that Cd exposure can induce apoptosis by promoting the absorption of various toxic trace elements in the spleen and inducing oxidative stress. We also found that the mechanism of Cd-induced apoptosis is closely related to the VDR/CREB1 pathway. On the one hand, Cd exposure can activate VDR, and indirectly regulate the CYP family, affecting the normal function of the spleen. On the other hand, VDR and its downstream genes antagonize the toxicity of Cd by maintaining the stability of the mitochondrial-related endoplasmic reticulum membrane structure. Our research will help researchers to further understand the physiological toxicity of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yiming
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yin Hang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shao Bing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xue Hua
- Natl Selenium Rich Prod Qual Supervis & Inspect C, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Huang Bo
- Natl Selenium Rich Prod Qual Supervis & Inspect C, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Liu Honggui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Li Shu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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24
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Hu X, Hu C, Liu J, Wu Z, Duan T, Cao Z. 1,25-(OH)2D3 protects pancreatic beta cells against H2O2-induced apoptosis through inhibiting the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:46-53. [PMID: 33242093 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a critical role in pancreatic β cell destruction which leads to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Vitamin D (VD) has been reported to reduce the risk of T1DM; however, it remains unknown whether VD affects ER stress in pancreatic β cells. In this study, we investigated the role of the active form of VD, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3], in ER stress-induced β cell apoptosis and explored its potential mechanism in mouse insulinoma cell line mouse insulinoma 6 (MIN6). The results of cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and flow cytometric analyses showed that 1,25-(OH)2D3 caused a significant increase in the viability of MIN6 cells injured by H2O2. The protein kinase like ER kinase (PERK) signal pathway, one of the most conserved branches of ER stress, was found to be involved in this process. H2O2 activated the phosphorylation of PERK, upregulated the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression, and subsequently initiated cell apoptosis, which were significantly reversed by 1,25-(OH)2D3 pretreatment. In addition, GSK2606414, a specific inhibitor of PERK, suppressed PERK phosphorylation and reduced the expressions of ATF4 and CHOP, leading to a significant decrease in β cell apoptosis induced by H2O2. Taken together, the present findings firstly demonstrated that 1,25-(OH)2D3 could prevent MIN6 cells against ER stress-associated apoptosis by inhibiting the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway. Therefore, our results suggested that 1,25-(OH)2D3 might serve as a potential therapeutic target for preventing pancreatic β cell destruction in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Cong Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jun Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhuan Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Tingting Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhaohui Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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25
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Li L, Yang K, Ye F, Xu Y, Cao L, Sheng J. Abnormal expression of TRIAP1 and its role in gestational diabetes mellitus-related pancreatic β cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:187. [PMID: 33488796 PMCID: PMC7812572 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease that is typically characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell dysfunction. Currently, the role of TP53-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (TRIAP1) in the process of GDM remains to be elucidated. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of TRIAP1 on GDM-related pancreatic β cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot assays were conducted to analyze the expression levels of TRIAP1 in the peripheral blood of patients with GDM and subjects with healthy pregnancies. Subsequently, TRIAP1 small interfering RNA (siRNA), control siRNA, TRIAP1 plasmid and control plasmid were transfected into INS-1 cells to assess the effects of TRIAP1 on pancreatic β cells. ELISA was used to assess the total insulin content and insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells. MTT and flow cytometry assays were performed to determine the viability and apoptosis of pancreatic β cells. The results demonstrated that TRIAP1 expression was downregulated in peripheral blood samples from patients with GDM. Transfection with TRIAP1 siRNA significantly decreased the levels of total insulin content and reduced insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells. In addition, downregulation of TRIAP1 in pancreatic β cells significantly induced cell apoptosis and reduced cell viability. Accordingly, transfection of INS1 cells with TRIAP1 siRNA increased the levels of the apoptosis-associated genes apoptotic protease-activating factor 1, caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9. However, transfection of the cells with TRIAP1 plasmid resulted in the opposite effects. TRIAP1 increased the growth of pancreatic β cells and their ability to secrete insulin, thus playing a protective role in GDM. The findings verified the effects and the underlying mechanism of TRIAP1 in pancreatic β cells and may provide additional clinical applications for the therapy of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P.R. China
| | - Kaihan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P.R. China
| | - Fang Ye
- Department of Biochemistry, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P.R. China
| | - Lili Cao
- Department of Microbiological Immunology, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P.R. China
| | - Jia Sheng
- Department of Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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26
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Mocayar Marón FJ, Ferder L, Reiter RJ, Manucha W. Daily and seasonal mitochondrial protection: Unraveling common possible mechanisms involving vitamin D and melatonin. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 199:105595. [PMID: 31954766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
From an evolutionary point of view, vitamin D and melatonin appeared very early and share functions related to defense mechanisms. In the current clinical setting, vitamin D is exclusively associated with phosphocalcic metabolism. Meanwhile, melatonin has chronobiological effects and influences the sleep-wake cycle. Scientific evidence, however, has identified new actions of both molecules in different physiological and pathological settings. The biosynthetic pathways of vitamin D and melatonin are inversely related relative to sun exposure. A deficiency of these molecules has been associated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, including arterial hypertension, neurodegenerative diseases, sleep disorders, kidney diseases, cancer, psychiatric disorders, bone diseases, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, among others. During aging, the intake and cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D, as well as the endogenous synthesis of melatonin are remarkably depleted, therefore, producing a state characterized by an increase of oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Both molecules are involved in the homeostatic functioning of the mitochondria. Given the presence of specific receptors in the organelle, the antagonism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), the decrease of reactive species of oxygen (ROS), in conjunction with modifications in autophagy and apoptosis, anti-inflammatory properties inter alia, mitochondria emerge as the final common target for melatonin and vitamin D. The primary purpose of this review is to elucidate the common molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D and melatonin might share a synergistic effect in the protection of proper mitochondrial functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feres José Mocayar Marón
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - León Ferder
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Walter Manucha
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.
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27
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Xu F, Na L, Li Y, Chen L. Roles of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathways in neurodegenerative diseases and tumours. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:54. [PMID: 32266056 PMCID: PMC7110906 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00416-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The PI3 K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of signal transduction and biological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism and angiogenesis. Compared with those of other signalling pathways, the components of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway are complicated. The regulatory mechanisms and biological functions of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway are important in many human diseases, including ischaemic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumours. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway inhibitors include single-component and dual inhibitors. Numerous PI3K inhibitors have exhibited good results in preclinical studies, and some have been clinically tested in haematologic malignancies and solid tumours. In this review, we briefly summarize the results of research on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and discuss the structural composition, activation, communication processes, regulatory mechanisms and biological functions of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 279 Zhouzhu Rd, Shanghai, 201318 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Lixin Na
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China
- Department of Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Department of Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Linjun Chen
- Department of Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318 China
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28
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Hu Z, Zhang H, Yi B, Yang S, Liu J, Hu J, Wang J, Cao K, Zhang W. VDR activation attenuate cisplatin induced AKI by inhibiting ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:73. [PMID: 31996668 PMCID: PMC6989512 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Our preliminary work has revealed that vitamin D receptor (VDR) activation is protective against cisplatin induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Ferroptosis was recently reported to be involved in AKI. Here in this study, we investigated the internal relation between ferroptosis and the protective effect of VDR in cisplatin induced AKI. By using ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 and measurement of ferroptotic cell death phenotype in both in vivo and in vitro cisplatin induced AKI model, we observed the decreased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and tissue injury by ferrostatin-1, hence validated the essential involvement of ferroptosis in cisplatin induced AKI. VDR agonist paricalcitol could both functionally and histologically attenuate cisplatin induced AKI by decreasing lipid peroxidation (featured phenotype of ferroptosis), biomarker 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), and malondialdehyde (MDA), while reversing glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4, key regulator of ferroptosis) downregulation. VDR knockout mouse exhibited much more ferroptotic cell death and worsen kidney injury than wild type mice. And VDR deficiency remarkably decreased the expression of GPX4 under cisplatin stress in both in vivo and in vitro, further luciferase reporter gene assay showed that GPX4 were target gene of transcription factor VDR. In addition, in vitro study showed that GPX4 inhibition by siRNA largely abolished the protective effect of paricalcitol against cisplatin induced tubular cell injury. Besides, pretreatment of paricalcitol could also alleviated Erastin (an inducer of ferroptosis) induced cell death in HK-2 cell. These data suggested that ferroptosis plays an important role in cisplatin induced AKI. VDR activation can protect against cisplatin induced renal injury by inhibiting ferroptosis partly via trans-regulation of GPX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
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