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Chenna H, Khelef Y, Halimi I, Yilmaz MA, Çakir O, Djouder C, Tarhan A, Idoughi K, Boumendjel M, Boumendjel A, Messarah M. Potential Hepatoprotective Effect of Matricaria Pubescens on High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302005. [PMID: 38451246 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the phytochemical compounds of Matricaria pubescens by LC-MS/MS and evaluate the potential protective effect of its supplementation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adult rats through modulation of oxidative stress and histopathological changes. Twenty-four male rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group served as control and received the standard diet. The second group (HFD) received a high-fat diet only (30 % of sheep fat). The third group's (control+MP) animals received a standard diet supplemented with 5 % M. pubescens (w/w). The fourth group (HFD+MP) received a high-fat diet supplemented with 5 % M. pubescens for 16 weeks. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that M. pubescens contains many phytochemical compounds. It was observed that the ethanolic extract of M. pubescens has a higher phenolic content than the aqueous extract. The supplementation of M. pubescens (5 % w/w) to HFD rats decreased significantly (p<0.01) body weight, liver and epididymal adipose tissue relative weights, glycemia, triglycerides (TG), insulin resistance, liver markers, TNF-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) level, and increased reduced glutathione (GSH) level, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activities as well as ameliorated histological alterations through the reduction hepatic lipid deposition and adipocytes hypertrophy compared to the HFD group. We conclude that M. pubescens powder may be effective for correcting hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, and liver markers while decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver of high-fat diet-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssem Chenna
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Yahia Khelef
- Laboratory of Biology, Environment and Health, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, El Oued University, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Imen Halimi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz
- Dicle University Science and Technology Research and Application Center, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Çakir
- Dicle University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Chaouki Djouder
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Abbas Tarhan
- Dicle University Science and Technology Research and Application Center, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Khouloud Idoughi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mahieddine Boumendjel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Amel Boumendjel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mahfoud Messarah
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, BP 12, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria
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Lucini Mas A, Canalis AM, Pasqualini ME, Wunderlin DA, Baroni MV. The Effects of Chia Defatted Flour as a Nutritional Supplement in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a Low-Quality Diet. Foods 2024; 13:678. [PMID: 38472791 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Today, consumption of diets rich in saturated fat and fructose, associated with a variety of metabolic deregulations, has increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with a residue of defatted chia seed on a diet with low nutritional quality. To do this, C57BL/6 male mice were fed with the Control (C), Low-Nutritional-Quality (LNQ), or supplemented-with-chia-defatted-flour (LNQ+C) diets. After 12 weeks, the glucose and lactate levels were determined in the serum, liver, and kidney, along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced glutathione (GSH), and protein oxidation (AOPP). The LNQ diet increased the glucose and lactate levels (+25% and +50% approx. in the liver, with respect to the control group) and generated oxidative stress by modifying the levels of ROS and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, causing oxidative damage to proteins (+12% in the liver, with respect to the control). Chia supplementation helped to restore the glucose to control levels and modulate the endogenous antioxidant system, resulting in a decrease in protein oxidation products with no differences compared to the control group. In conclusion, supplementation with chia showed beneficial effects on the general health of mice, even when fed a low-nutritional-quality diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Lucini Mas
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET), SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Mariel Canalis
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET), SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Pabellón Biología Celular, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Pasqualini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Pabellón Biología Celular, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular (IBC-UNC), Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
| | - Daniel Alberto Wunderlin
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET), SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
| | - María Verónica Baroni
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET), SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
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Gong P, Long H, Guo Y, Wang Z, Yao W, Wang J, Yang W, Li N, Xie J, Chen F. Chinese herbal medicines: The modulator of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease targeting oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116927. [PMID: 37532073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plants are a natural treasure trove; their secondary metabolites participate in several pharmacological processes, making them a crucial component in the synthesis of novel pharmaceuticals and serving as a reserve resource foundation in this process. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with the risk of progression to hepatitis and liver cancer. The "Treatise on Febrile Diseases," "Compendium of Materia Medica," and "Thousand Golden Prescriptions" have listed herbal remedies to treat liver diseases. AIM OF THE REVIEW Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD owing to their efficacy and low side effects. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during NAFLD, and the impact and potential mechanism of ROS on the pathogenesis of NAFLD are discussed in this review. Furthermore, common foods and herbs that can be used to prevent NAFLD, as well as the structure-activity relationships and potential mechanisms, are discussed. METHODS Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI database, Google Scholar, and WanFang database were searched for natural products that have been used to treat or prevent NAFLD in the past five years. The primary search was performed using the following keywords in different combinations in full articles: NAFLD, herb, natural products, medicine, and ROS. More than 400 research papers and review articles were found and analyzed in this review. RESULTS By classifying and discussing the literature, we obtained 86 herbaceous plants, 28 of which were derived from food and 58 from Chinese herbal medicines. The mechanism of NAFLD was proposed through experimental studies on thirteen natural compounds (quercetin, hesperidin, rutin, curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, salvianolic acid B, paeoniflorin, ginsenoside Rg1, ursolic acid, berberine, honokiol, emodin). The occurrence and progression of NAFLD could be prevented by natural antioxidants through several pathways to prevent ROS accumulation and reduce hepatic cell injuries caused by excessive ROS. CONCLUSION This review summarizes the natural products and routinely used herbs (prescription) in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. Firstly, the mechanisms by which natural products improve NAFLD through antioxidant pathways are elucidated. Secondly, the potential of traditional Chinese medicine theory in improving NAFLD is discussed, highlighting the safety of food-medicine homology and the broader clinical potential of multi-component formulations in improving NAFLD. Aiming to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Hui Long
- School of Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yuxi Guo
- School of Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Zhineng Wang
- School of Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Wenbo Yao
- School of Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- School of Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Jianwu Xie
- School of Food and Biotechnological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Fuxin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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Wu YC, Su MC, Wu CS, Chen PY, Chen IF, Lin FH, Kuo SM. Ameliorative Effects of Cumin Extract-Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles on Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Grip Strength in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 38275626 PMCID: PMC10812640 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a disorder characterized by reductions in muscle size and strength. Cumin extract (CE) possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic properties. Its pharmaceutical applications are hindered by its low water solubility and by its cytotoxicity when administered at high doses. In this study, we have developed a simplified water distillation method using a rotary evaporator to isolate the active components in cumin seeds. The anti-inflammatory effects of CE and its potential to ameliorate skeletal muscle atrophy in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes were evaluated. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CE for cells was 80 μM. By encapsulating CE in chitosan nanoparticles (CECNs), an encapsulation efficacy of 87.1% was achieved with a slow release of 90% of CE after 24 h of culturing, resulting in CECNs with significantly reduced cytotoxicity (IC50, 1.2 mM). Both CE and CECNs significantly reduced the inflammatory response in interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β assays. STZ-induced diabetic rats exhibited sustained high blood glucose levels (>16.5 mmol/L), small and damaged pancreatic β islets, and skeletal muscle atrophy. CE and CECN treatments ameliorated skeletal muscle atrophy, recovered muscle fiber striated appearance, increased grip strength, and decreased IL-6 level. Furthermore, CE and CECNs led to a reduction of damage to the pancreas, restoring its morphological phenotype, increasing serum insulin levels, and lowering blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Taken together, treatment with CECNs over a 6-week period yielded positive ameliorative effects in STZ-induced rats of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiuan Wu
- Republic of China Military Academy, Kaohsiung 830208, Taiwan;
- Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 802301, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chien Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; (M.-C.S.); (P.-Y.C.); (I.-F.C.)
| | - Chun-Shien Wu
- Center of General Education, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan;
| | - Pin-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; (M.-C.S.); (P.-Y.C.); (I.-F.C.)
| | - I-Fen Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; (M.-C.S.); (P.-Y.C.); (I.-F.C.)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Shyh-Ming Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; (M.-C.S.); (P.-Y.C.); (I.-F.C.)
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Lela L, Russo D, De Biasio F, Gorgoglione D, Ostuni A, Ponticelli M, Milella L. Solanum aethiopicum L. from the Basilicata Region Prevents Lipid Absorption, Fat Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in OA-Treated HepG2 and Caco-2 Cell Lines. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2859. [PMID: 37571013 PMCID: PMC10421219 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is widely associated with intestine barrier impairment, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) outbreaks, oxidative stress, and inflammation. In a previous investigation, the Solanum aethiopicum L. growing in Basilicata Region has demonstrated to have antioxidant activity; hence this investigation was aimed to evaluate for the first time the antilipidemic and anti-inflammatory activity of the Lucanian S. aethiopicum L. peel extract in vitro on OA-treated HepG2 and Caco-2 cell lines. It was shown that the extract could reduce lipogenesis by down-regulating SREBP-1c and HMGCR expression and fatty acid β-oxidation by up-regulating PPARα, CPT1A, and UCP2 expression. In addition, the S. aethiopicum L. peel extract might also improve oxidative stress by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating the Nrf2 and Nf-κB molecular pathways. Altogether, these results demonstrated for the first time the possible application of the Lucanian S. aethiopicum peel extract for preventing obesity and managing NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Lela
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (L.L.); (D.R.); (A.O.)
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (L.L.); (D.R.); (A.O.)
- Spinoff Bioactiplant s.r.l., Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Angela Ostuni
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (L.L.); (D.R.); (A.O.)
| | - Maria Ponticelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (L.L.); (D.R.); (A.O.)
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (L.L.); (D.R.); (A.O.)
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Hashim KN, Chin KY, Ahmad F. The Mechanism of Kelulut Honey in Reversing Metabolic Changes in Rats Fed with High-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062790. [PMID: 36985762 PMCID: PMC10056699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is composed of central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension that increase an individual's tendency to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Kelulut honey (KH) produced by stingless bee species has a rich phenolic profile. Recent studies have demonstrated that KH could suppress components of MetS, but its mechanisms of action are unknown. A total of 18 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control rats (C group) (n = 6), MetS rats fed with a high carbohydrate high fat (HCHF) diet (HCHF group) (n = 6), and MetS rats fed with HCHF diet and treated with KH (HCHF + KH group) (n = 6). The HCHF + KH group received 1.0 g/kg/day KH via oral gavage from week 9 to 16 after HCHF diet initiation. Compared to the C group, the MetS group experienced a significant increase in body weight, body mass index, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum triglyceride (TG) and leptin, as well as the area and perimeter of adipocyte cells at the end of the study. The MetS group also experienced a significant decrease in serum HDL levels versus the C group. KH supplementation reversed the changes in serum TG, HDL, leptin, adiponectin and corticosterone levels, SBP, DBP, as well as adipose tissue 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1) level, area and perimeter at the end of the study. In addition, histological observations also showed that KH administration reduced fat deposition within hepatocytes, and prevented deterioration of pancreatic islet and renal glomerulus. In conclusion, KH is effective in preventing MetS by suppressing leptin, corticosterone and 11βHSD1 levels while elevating adiponectin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairun-Nisa Hashim
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Fairus Ahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Tempol Alters Antioxidant Enzyme Function, Modulates Multiple Genes Expression, and Ameliorates Hepatic and Renal Impairment in Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)-Intoxicated Rats. LIVERS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/livers3010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the superoxide dismutase mimic compound “tempol” on liver and renal damage in Long Evans male rats administered with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Methods: The antioxidant enzyme activity and oxidative stress parameters were investigated in the liver, kidney, and plasma tissues. Histological examination of the liver and kidney sections affirmed inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen deposition, and iron deposition. RT-PCR was also employed to evaluate the expression of oxidative stress and inflammatory genes. Results: The CCl4-administered rats exhibited increased plasma activities of ALT, AST, and ALP compared to the control rats. The tempol treatment in the CCl4-administered rats significantly lowered ALT, AST, and ALP enzyme activities compared to the CCl4 group. Oxidative stress parameters, such as the MDA, NO, and APOP levels in various tissues of the CCl4-administered rats, showed increased concentrations, whereas tempol significantly lowered the level of oxidative stress. Moreover, CCl4 administration decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities, which were further significantly restored by the tempol treatment. The control rats that underwent treatment with tempol did not present with any abnormality or toxicity. Furthermore, the tempol treatment in the CCl4-administered rats increased Nrf-2-HO-1-mediated gene expression and enhanced related antioxidant enzyme gene expressions. The tempol treatment in the CCl4-administered rats also decreased anti-inflammatory gene expressions in the liver. In histological sections of the liver, CCl4 increased inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen deposition, and iron deposition, which were reduced significantly due to the tempol treatment. Conclusion: The results of this investigation revealed that tempol could protect against liver and kidney damage in CCl4-administered rats by modulating antioxidant gene expressions and restoring antioxidant defense mechanisms.
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Khan I, Kumar R, Prasad M, Srivastav RK, Vishwakarma VK, Akhtar J. Co-Adjuvancy of Solasodine & CoQ10 Against High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance Rats Via Modulating IRS-I and PPAR-γ Proteins Expression. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2022; 72:327-335. [PMID: 35724671 DOI: 10.1055/a-1806-1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a condition in which target cells become insensitive to normal insulin concentrations in order to deliver glucose. The goal of this study was to see if solasodine combined with coenzyme Q10 could help rats with insulin resistance caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) by regulating the expression of IRS-I and PPAR-γ proteins.One of the six groups (n=6) got a conventional diet for 16 weeks as a control (normal), the HFD was given to the other five groups for 16 weeks, which further classified as-one group as HFD control while others treated with pioglitazone (10 mg/kg), coenzyme Q10 (50 mg/kg), solasodine (50 mg/kg) and combination of solasodine and coenzyme Q10i.e. SDQ10 (total 50 mg/kg) for the last 4 weeks orally once daily. Blood and tissue samples were collected by the end of study period for the biochemical and histological studies. As a result, HFD fed rats exhibited a significant increase in food and energy intake, body mass index, kidney and pancreas weight, fasting glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, insulin level, liver enzyme ALT and AST and decrease antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. HFD received animals also produced a lower level of p-IRS1 and PPAR-y protein expression in western blot analysis. SDQ10 in combination successfully restored the above-mentioned complexity of insulin resistance caused by aHFD. Besides, increasesthe antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase and normalized the architecture of kidney, pancreas and adipose tissue as well astreatment with SDQ10 raised the level of p-IRS1 and PPAR-y protein in liver tissue. As a result, supplementing with solasodine and coenzyme Q10 reversed the effect of the HFD on p-IRS1 and PPAR-y protein in liver tissue while also alleviating insulin resistance symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kamla Nehru Institute of Management & Technology, Sultanpur, U.P., India
| | - Mahesh Prasad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kamla Nehru Institute of Management & Technology, Sultanpur, U.P., India.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Ritesh Kumar Srivastav
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kamla Nehru Institute of Management & Technology, Sultanpur, U.P., India
| | | | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, U.P, India
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