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Zheng J, Zhou L, Gong X, Yang F, Cheng J, Ma R, Wu C, Xu Z, Zhu W, He Y, Shen J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of multimodal monoaminergic arylpiperazine derivatives with potential antidepressant profile. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116564. [PMID: 38875810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder with an estimated global prevalence of 4.4 %. Here, we designed a series of new multimodal monoaminergic arylpiperazine derivatives using a pharmacophore hybrid approach and synthesized them for the treatment of depression. Molecular docking was employed to elucidate the differences in activity and selectivity of the corresponding compounds on SERT, NET, and DAT. In vitro experiments demonstrated that compound A3 has a relatively balanced multi-target activity profile with SERT reuptake inhibition (IC50 = 12 nM), NET reuptake inhibition (IC50 = 78 nM), DAT reuptake inhibition (IC50 = 135 nM), and 5-HT1AR agonism (EC50 = 34 nM). Pharmacokinetic experiments revealed that A3 exhibited excellent bioavailability and low clearance in mice. Subsequent behavioral experiments further confirmed its significant antidepressant effects. These results further highlight the rationality of our design strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xudong Gong
- Vigonvita Shanghai Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Feipu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiaxin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Vigonvita Shanghai Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- Vigonvita Shanghai Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Zhijian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jingshan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Muhammed Ajeebsanu M, Subhahar MB, Karakka Kal AK, Philip M, Perwad Z, Karatt TK, Graiban FM, Joseph M, Jose SV. Comprehensive metabolic investigation of dopamine reuptake inhibitor HDMP-28 in equine liver microsomes and Cunninghamella elegans for doping control. Drug Test Anal 2024. [PMID: 38225724 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
A dopamine reuptake inhibitor is a type of medication or substance that works by blocking the reuptake of dopamine in the brain. Dopamine reuptake inhibitors offer multiple effects, including increased alertness, improved mood, and therapeutic potential for conditions like depression, ADHD, and Parkinson's disease. HDMP-28, or methylnaphthidate, is a potent synthetic stimulant from the phenyltropane class. It surpasses methylphenidate in both dopamine reuptake inhibition and half-life. As a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, it boosts dopamine levels by hindering reuptake into nerve cells, resulting in heightened stimulation and increased energy. In order to comprehensively address both the tangible and potential repercussions of the unauthorized utilization of the aforementioned substance in sports, it is imperative to establish analytical methodologies for the identification of the parent drug and its primary metabolites. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis of the metabolic characteristics of HDMP-28 in both human and animal subjects has yet to be published. This study explores the metabolic conversion of HDMP-28 mediated by equine liver microsomes and Cunninghamella elegans. An extraction and detection method was developed, optimized, and validated for doping assessment in equine urine and plasma. Liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry was employed to determine metabolite structures. The study identified 31 (22 phase I and 9 phase II) metabolites of HDMP-28, including hydroxylated, hydrogenated, and hydrolyzed analogs. Glucuronic acid-conjugated metabolites were also detected. This manuscript describes metabolites based on the in vitro studies, which might not be the same in vivo. These findings aid in the detection and understanding of the illicit use of HDMP-28 in equestrian sports.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Moses Philip
- Equine Forensic Unit, Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zubair Perwad
- Equine Forensic Unit, Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Fatma Mohammed Graiban
- Equine Forensic Unit, Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marina Joseph
- Department of Bacteriology, Diagnostic Section, Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shantymol V Jose
- Department of Bacteriology, Diagnostic Section, Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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