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Zhang X, Li J, Cao C, Liu Z, Chen Q, Gu Z, Wang W, Fang D, Ge Q, Ding L, Pang C, Wang X. Nrf2 activation by neferine mitigates microglial neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage through inhibiting TAK1-NF-κB signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111693. [PMID: 38428144 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are two major causes leading to early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critical transcription factor that contributes to antioxidant responses. Additionally, Nrf2 could inhibit transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), which plays a vital role in microglial activation-mediated neuroinflammation. Neferine (NE) exhibits considerable protective effects in diverse disease models. However, the detailed effect and mechanism of NE on SAH remain unknown. Our data showed that NE treatment significantly reduced behavior and cognitive impairment, and brain edema in the early period after SAH. In addition, NE mitigated SAH-induced oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and neural death. Moreover, NE inhibited M1 microglial polarization and enhanced M2 phenotype microglia both in vivo and in vitro. Further investigations revealed that NE enhanced the Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway and suppressed TAK1-NF-κB signaling. In contrast, depletion of Nrf2 by ML385 suppressed Nrf2-ARE signaling, induced TAK1-NF-κB activation, and further promoted M1 microglial polarization. Additionally, ML385 abated the neuroprotective effects of NE against SAH. Notably, LPS also aggravated TAK1-NF-κB activation and reversed the beneficial effects of NE after SAH. In summary, NE provides protection after SAH by inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating microglial polarization through Nrf2 activation and TAK1-NF-κB suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Changchun Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Qiushi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Zhijiang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Weijie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Dazhao Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - QianQian Ge
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Lianshu Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China.
| | - Cong Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China.
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China.
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Sun X, Gu Y, Liu X, Korla PK, Hao J. Neferine Pretreatment Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Injury Through Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04917-3. [PMID: 38526658 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04917-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Heart attacks, also known as myocardial infarctions (MIs), are one of the main reasons people die from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) worldwide. Neferine, an alkaloid derived from Nelumbo nucifera seeds, has garnered interest due to its purported medicinal effects. In the current research, we induced MI in rats using the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol to investigate whether neferine can improve cardiac dysfunction. The rats were separated into four groups: control, isoproterenol (ISO), and two treatment groups received neferine at doses of 10 or 20 mg/kg once daily for 28 days. On days 27 and 28, the groups undergoing treatment were administered with an ISO injection. Results showed that pretreatment with neferine strongly protected against changes in lipid profiles and cardiac functional markers in ISO-administered rats. Neferine attenuated histopathologic changes, collagen deposition, and myocardial fibrosis in rats administered ISO. Neferine pretreatment significantly inhibited the oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers in the heart of ISO-injected rats. This was achieved through Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling stimulation, TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK-mediated signaling inhibition, and activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Using CB-Dock-2, researchers determined that neferine has a high binding affinity with protein receptors that are pivotal in several biological processes. In conclusion, the study provides strong evidence that pretreatment with neferine protects rats from ISO-induced heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Sun
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Yongwen Gu
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Suzhou Yongding Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Xinghua Liu
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Putuo Center Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Praveen Kumar Korla
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Junjun Hao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Wu M, Zhang S, Zhang W, Zhou Y, Guo Z, Fang Y, Yang Y, Shen Z, Lian D, Shen A, Peng J. Qingda granule ameliorates vascular remodeling and phenotypic transformation of adventitial fibroblasts via suppressing the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 313:116535. [PMID: 37100260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qingda granule (QDG) exhibits significant therapeutic effects on high blood pressure, vascular dysfunction, and elevated proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by inhibiting multiple pathways. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of QDG treatment on hypertensive vascular remodeling are unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to determine the role of QDG treatment in hypertensive vascular remodeling in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ACQUITY UPLC I-Class system coupled with a Xevo XS quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer was used to characterize the chemical components of QDG. Twenty-five spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly divided into five groups, including SHR (equal volume of double distilled water, ddH2O), SHR + QDG-L (0.45 g/kg/day), SHR + QDG-M (0.9 g/kg/day), SHR + QDG-H (1.8 g/kg/day), and SHR + Valsartan (7.2 mg/kg/day) groups. QDG, Valsartan, and ddH2O were administered intragastrically once a day for 10 weeks. For the control group, ddH2O was intragastrically administered to five Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY group). Vascular function, pathological changes, and collagen deposition in the abdominal aorta were evaluated using animal ultrasound, hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the abdominal aorta, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed. Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, phalloidin staining, transwell assays, and western-blotting were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms in primary isolated adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) stimulated with transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β1) with or without QDG treatment. RESULTS Twelve compounds were identified from the total ion chromatogram fingerprint of QDG. In the SHR group, QDG treatment significantly attenuated the increased pulse wave velocity, aortic wall thickening, and abdominal aorta pathological changes and decreased Collagen I, Collagen III, and Fibronectin expression. The iTRAQ analysis identified 306 DEPs between SHR and WKY and 147 DEPs between QDG and SHR. GO and KEGG pathway analyses of the DEPs identified multiple pathways and functional processes involving vascular remodeling, including the TGF-β receptor signaling pathway. QDG treatment significantly attenuated the increased cell migration, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, and Collagen I, Collagen III, and Fibronectin expression in AFs stimulated with TGF-β1. QDG treatment significantly decreased TGF-β1 protein expression in abdominal aortic tissues in the SHR group and p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 protein expression in TGF-β1-stimulated AFs. CONCLUSIONS QDG treatment attenuated hypertension-induced vascular remodeling of the abdominal aorta and phenotypic transformation of adventitial fibroblasts, at least partly by suppressing TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhu Wu
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Zhi Guo
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Zhiqing Shen
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Dawei Lian
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China.
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