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Mierke F, Brink DP, Norbeck J, Siewers V, Andlid T. Functional genome annotation and transcriptome analysis of Pseudozyma hubeiensis BOT-O, an oleaginous yeast that utilizes glucose and xylose at equal rates. Fungal Genet Biol 2023; 166:103783. [PMID: 36870442 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2023.103783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudozyma hubeiensis is a basidiomycete yeast that has the highly desirable traits for lignocellulose valorisation of being equally efficient at utilization of glucose and xylose, and capable of their co-utilization. The species has previously mainly been studied for its capacity to produce secreted biosurfactants in the form of mannosylerythritol lipids, but it is also an oleaginous species capable of accumulating high levels of triacylglycerol storage lipids during nutrient starvation. In this study, we aimed to further characterize the oleaginous nature of P. hubeiensis by evaluating metabolism and gene expression responses during storage lipid formation conditions with glucose or xylose as a carbon source. The genome of the recently isolated P. hubeiensis BOT-O strain was sequenced using MinION long-read sequencing and resulted in the most contiguous P. hubeiensis assembly to date with 18.95 Mb in 31 contigs. Using transcriptome data as experimental support, we generated the first mRNA-supported P. hubeiensis genome annotation and identified 6540 genes. 80% of the predicted genes were assigned functional annotations based on protein homology to other yeasts. Based on the annotation, key metabolic pathways in BOT-O were reconstructed, including pathways for storage lipids, mannosylerythritol lipids and xylose assimilation. BOT-O was confirmed to consume glucose and xylose at equal rates, but during mixed glucose-xylose cultivation glucose was found to be taken up faster. Differential expression analysis revealed that only a total of 122 genes were significantly differentially expressed at a cut-off of |log2 fold change| ≥ 2 when comparing cultivation on xylose with glucose, during exponential growth and during nitrogen-starvation. Of these 122 genes, a core-set of 24 genes was identified that were differentially expressed at all time points. Nitrogen-starvation resulted in a larger transcriptional effect, with a total of 1179 genes with significant expression changes at the designated fold change cut-off compared with exponential growth on either glucose or xylose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Mierke
- Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel P Brink
- Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joakim Norbeck
- Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Verena Siewers
- Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Thomas Andlid
- Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Sürmeli Y, Şanlı-Mohamed G. Engineering of xylanases for the development of biotechnologically important characteristics. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:1171-1188. [PMID: 36715367 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Xylanases are the main biocatalysts used for the reduction of the xylan backbone from hemicellulose, randomly splitting off β-1,4-glycosidic linkages between xylopyranosyl residues. Xylanase market has been annually estimated at 500 million US Dollars and they are potentially used in broad industrial process ranges such as paper pulp biobleaching, xylo-oligosaccharide production, and biofuel manufacture from lignocellulose. The highly stable xylanases are preferred in the downstream procedure of industrial processes because they can tolerate severe conditions. Almost all native xylanases can not endure adverse conditions thus they are industrially not proper to be utilized. Protein engineering is a powerful technology for developing xylanases, which can effectively work in adverse conditions and can meet requirements for industrial processes. This study considered state-of-the-art strategies of protein engineering for creating the xylanase gene diversity, high-throughput screening systems toward upgraded traits of the xylanases, and the prediction and comprehensive analysis of the target mutations in xylanases by in silico methods. Also, key molecular factors have been elucidated for industrial characteristics (alkaliphilic enhancement, thermal stability, and catalytic performance) of GH11 family xylanases. The present review explores industrial characteristics improved by directed evolution, rational design, and semi-rational design as protein engineering approaches for pulp bleaching process, xylooligosaccharides production, and biorefinery & bioenergy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Sürmeli
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
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Šuchová K, Fehér C, Ravn JL, Bedő S, Biely P, Geijer C. Cellulose- and xylan-degrading yeasts: Enzymes, applications and biotechnological potential. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Narisetty V, Parhi P, Mohan B, Hakkim Hazeena S, Naresh Kumar A, Gullón B, Srivastava A, Nair LM, Paul Alphy M, Sindhu R, Kumar V, Castro E, Kumar Awasthi M, Binod P. Valorization of renewable resources to functional oligosaccharides: Recent trends and future prospective. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126590. [PMID: 34953996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic wastes have the ability to be transformed into oligosaccharides and other value-added products. The synthesis of oligosaccharides from renewable sources bestow to growing bioeconomies. Oligosaccharides are synthesized chemically or biologically from agricultural residues. These oligosaccharides are functional food supplements that have a positive impact on humans and livestock. Non-digestible oligosaccharides, refered as prebiotics are beneficial for the colonic microbiota inhabiting the f the digestive system. These microbiota plays a crucial role in stimulating the host immune system and other physiological responses. The commonly known prebiotics, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), xylooligosaccharides (XOS), fructooligosaccharides (FOS), mannanooligosaccharides (MOS), and isomaltooligosaccharides (IOS) are synthesized either through enzymatic or whole cell-mediated approaches using natural or agricultural waste substrates. This review focusses on recent advancements in biological processes, for the synthesis of oligosaccharides using renewable resources (lignocellulosic substrates) for sustainable circular bioeconomy. The work also addresses the limitations associated with the processes and commercialization of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Narisetty
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Priyanka Parhi
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Binoop Mohan
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Sulfath Hakkim Hazeena
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - A Naresh Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Beatriz Gullón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Anita Srivastava
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Lakshmi M Nair
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Maria Paul Alphy
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712 100, China
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India.
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Yeast GH30 Xylanase from Sugiyamaella lignohabitans Is a Glucuronoxylanase with Auxiliary Xylobiohydrolase Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030751. [PMID: 35164030 PMCID: PMC8840591 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Xylanases are the enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of the main hemicellulose present in plant cell walls. They have attracted attention due to their biotechnological potential for the preparation of industrially interesting products from lignocellulose. While many xylanases have been characterized from bacteria and filamentous fungi, information on yeast xylanases is scarce and no yeast xylanase belonging to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 30 has been described so far. Here, we cloned, expressed and characterized GH30 xylanase SlXyn30A from the yeast Sugiyamaella lignohabitans. The enzyme is active on glucuronoxylan (8.4 U/mg) and rhodymenan (linear β-1,4-1,3-xylan) (3.1 U/mg) while its activity on arabinoxylan is very low (0.03 U/mg). From glucuronoxylan SlXyn30A releases a series of acidic xylooligosaccharides of general formula MeGlcA2Xyln. These products, which are typical for GH30-specific glucuronoxylanases, are subsequently shortened at the non-reducing end, from which xylobiose moieties are liberated. Xylobiohydrolase activity was also observed during the hydrolysis of various xylooligosaccharides. SlXyn30A thus expands the group of glucuronoxylanases/xylobiohydrolases which has been hitherto represented only by several fungal GH30-7 members.
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Cayetano-Cruz M, Caro-Gómez LA, Plascencia-Espinosa M, Santiago-Hernández A, Benítez-Cardoza CG, Campos JE, Hidalgo-Lara ME, Zamorano-Carrillo A. Effect of the single mutation N9Y on the catalytical properties of xylanase Xyn11A from Cellulomonas uda: a biochemical and molecular dynamic simulation analysis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1971-1985. [PMID: 34232281 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cellulomonas uda produces Xyn11A, moderately thermostable xylanase, with optimal activity at 50 °C and pH 6.5. An improvement in the biochemical properties of Xyn11A was achieved by site-directed mutagenesis approach. Wild-type xylanase, Xyn11A-WT, and its mutant Xyn11A-N9Y were expressed in Escherichia coli, and then both enzymes were purified and characterized. Xyn11A-N9Y displayed optimal activity at 60 °C and pH 7.5, an upward shift of 10 ºC in the optimum temperature, and an upward shift of one unit in optimum pH; also, it manifested an 11-fold increase in thermal stability at 60 ºC, compared to that displayed by Xyn11A-WT. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of Xyn11A-WT and Xyn11A-N9Y suggest the substitution N9Y leads to an array of secondary structure changes at the N-terminal end and an increase in the number of hydrogen bonds in Xyn11A-N9Y. Based on the significant improvements, Xyn11A-N9Y may be considered as a candidate for several biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Cayetano-Cruz
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, D.F. CP 07360, México
| | - Luis A Caro-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Bioquímica y Biofísica Computacional, Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, ENMH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera, México, D.F. 07320, México
| | - Miguel Plascencia-Espinosa
- CIBA-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Km 1.5 Carretera Estatal Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla, 90700, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Alejandro Santiago-Hernández
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, D.F. CP 07360, México
| | - Claudia G Benítez-Cardoza
- Laboratorio de Investigación Bioquímica y Biofísica Computacional, Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, ENMH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera, México, D.F. 07320, México
| | - Jorge E Campos
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Molecular, UBIPRO, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, CP 54090, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México, México
| | - María Eugenia Hidalgo-Lara
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, D.F. CP 07360, México
| | - Absalom Zamorano-Carrillo
- Laboratorio de Investigación Bioquímica y Biofísica Computacional, Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, ENMH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera, México, D.F. 07320, México
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Tiwari S, Avchar R, Arora R, Lanjekar V, Dhakephalkar PK, Dagar SS, Baghela A. Xylanolytic and Ethanologenic Potential of Gut Associated Yeasts from Different Species of Termites from India. MYCOBIOLOGY 2020; 48:501-511. [PMID: 33312017 PMCID: PMC7717550 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1830742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Xylophagous termites are capable of degrading lignocellulose by symbiotic gut microorganisms along with the host's indigenous enzymes. Therefore, the termite gut might be a potential niche to obtain natural yeasts with celluloytic, xylanolytic and ethanologenic traits required for bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, we cultured 79 yeasts from three different termites viz. Coptotermes heimi, Odontotermes javanicus and Odontotermes obesus. After suitable screening methods, we identified 53 yeasts, which belonged to 10 genera and 16 different species of both ascomycetous and basidiomycetous yeasts. Most yeasts in the present study represent their first-ever isolation from the termite gut. Representative strains of identified yeasts were evaluated for their cellulolytic, xylanolytic, and ethanologenic abilities. None of the isolates showed cellulase activity; 22 showed xylanolytic activity, while six produced substantial quantities of ethanol. Among xylanolytic cultures, Pseudozyma hubeiensis STAG 1.7 and Hannaella pagnoccae STAG 1.14 produced 1.31 and 1.17 IU of xylanase. Among ethanologenic yeasts, the strains belonging to genera Candida and Kodamaea produced high amount of ethanol. Overall, highest ethanol level of 4.42 g/L was produced by Candida tropicalis TS32 using 1% glucose, which increased up to 22.92 g/L at 35 °C, pH 4.5 with 5% glucose. Fermentation of rice straw hydrolysate gave 8.95 g/l of ethanol with a yield of 0.42 g/g using the strain TS32. Our study highlights the gut of wood-feeding termites as a potential source of diverse yeasts that would be useful in the production of xylanase and bioethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Tiwari
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Rameshwar Avchar
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Riya Arora
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Vikram Lanjekar
- Bioenergy Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Prashant K. Dhakephalkar
- Bioenergy Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Sumit S. Dagar
- Bioenergy Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Abhishek Baghela
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
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Guo Z, Zhang Q, You T, Ji Z, Zhang X, Qin Y, Xu F. Heteropoly acids enhanced neutral deep eutectic solvent pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation of Miscanthus x giganteus under mild conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122036. [PMID: 31479857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To improve the neutral DES (choline chloride/glycerol) pretreatment performance, three environmentally friendly heteropoly acids (phosphotungstic, phosphomolybdic and silicotungstic acids) were used as catalysts. Pretreatment with silicotungstic acid at 120 °C for 3 h resulted in 97.3% of enzymatic digestibility at an enzyme loading of 15FPU/g substrate, which was approximately eight times more than that of raw samples. More importantly, 80% of glucose yield was obtained within 12 h. Simultaneously, 81.8% of ethanol yield was achieved in the SSSF process. The efficient conversion was ascribed to the significant delignification (89.5%), which resulted in the exposure of more accessible specific surface area. This was attributed to that the proton (H+) from heteropoly acids could significantly contribute to the lignin degradation. Intriguingly, trace acetic acid (0.39 g/L) and HMF (0.21-0.95 g/L) in the pretreatment liquor were produced without any significant deleterious effects. These discoveries provide new insights for efficient biomass conversion under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tingting You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhe Ji
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanlin Qin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Singhvi MS, Gokhale DV. Lignocellulosic biomass: Hurdles and challenges in its valorization. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:9305-9320. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10212-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Botto E, Gioia L, Menéndez MDP, Rodríguez P. Pseudozyma sp. isolation from Eucalyptus leaves and its hydrolytic activity over xylan. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Hettiarachchi SA, Kwon YK, Lee Y, Jo E, Eom TY, Kang YH, Kang DH, De Zoysa M, Marasinghe SD, Oh C. Characterization of an acetyl xylan esterase from the marine bacterium Ochrovirga pacifica and its synergism with xylanase on beechwood xylan. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:122. [PMID: 31286972 PMCID: PMC6615230 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetyl xylan esterase plays an important role in the complete enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. It hydrolyzes the ester linkages of acetic acid in xylan and supports and enhances the activity of xylanase. This study was conducted to identify and overexpress the acetyl xylan esterase (AXE) gene revealed by the genomic sequencing of the marine bacterium Ochrovirga pacifica. RESULTS The AXE gene has an 864-bp open reading frame that encodes 287 aa and consists of an AXE domain from aa 60 to 274. Gene was cloned to pET-16b vector and expressed the recombinant AXE (rAXE) in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The predicted molecular mass was 31.75 kDa. The maximum specific activity (40.08 U/mg) was recorded at the optimal temperature and pH which were 50 °C and pH 8.0, respectively. The thermal stability assay showed that AXE maintains its residual activity almost constantly throughout and after incubation at 45 °C for 120 min. The synergism of AXE with xylanase on beechwood xylan, increased the relative activity 1.41-fold. CONCLUSION Resulted higher relative activity of rAXE with commercially available xylanase on beechwood xylan showed its potential for the use of rAXE in industrial purposes as a de-esterification enzyme to hydrolyze xylan and hemicellulose-like complex substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachithra Amarin Hettiarachchi
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences & Technology, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
| | - Young-Kyung Kwon
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdeuk Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Jo
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yang Eom
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hyeok Kang
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Svini Dileepa Marasinghe
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhong Oh
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Mhetras N, Mapre V, Gokhale D. Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) as Emerging Prebiotics: Its Production from Lignocellulosic Material. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/aim.2019.91002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Production of xylanolytic enzymes by Moesziomyces spp. using xylose, xylan and brewery's spent grain as substrates. N Biotechnol 2018; 49:137-143. [PMID: 30423436 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Xylanases play a crucial role in the hydrolysis of xylan-rich hemicelluloses and have wide industrial applications in the fuel, food, feed and pulp and paper industries. The production of these enzymes at low cost is of paramount importance for their commercial deployment. Moesziomyces antarcticus PYCC 5048T and M. aphidis PYCC 5535T were screened for their ability to produce xylanolytic enzymes when grown on d-xylose, xylan (beechwood) and brewery's spent grain (BSG). The extracellular crude extracts produced were characterized and tested in xylan hydrolysis. The yeasts produced xylanolytic enzymes without cellulolytic activity on all the substrates tested. The highest xylanase volumetric activity was obtained with M. aphidis PYCC 5535T grown on BSG, reaching 518.2 U/ml, a value 8.4- and 4.7-fold higher than those achieved on xylan and d-xylose, respectively. The xylanase activities were characterized in relation to pH and temperature with optima at 4.5 and 50 °C, respectively. The extracts from both M. antarcticus PYCC 5048Tand M. aphidis PYCC 5535T were used in xylan hydrolysis, producing d-xylose as the major end product (0.43 and 0.34-0.47 gD-xylose/gxylan, respectively, at 50 °C) and relatively low or no xylobiose accumulation (from no detection to 0.12 gD-xylobiose/gxylan at 50 °C).
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Disease severity enhancement by an esterase from non-phytopathogenic yeast Pseudozyma antarctica and its potential as adjuvant for biocontrol agents. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16455. [PMID: 30405193 PMCID: PMC6220330 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The phylloplane yeast Pseudozyma antarctica secretes an esterase, named PaE, and xylanase when cultivated with xylose. We previously observed that the lipophilic layer of Micro-Tom tomato leaves became thinner after the culture filtrate treatment. The leaves developed reduced water-holding ability and became wilted. In this study, the purified enzymes were spotted on Micro-Tom leaves. PaE, but not xylanase, thinned the lipophilic layer of leaves and decreased leaf resistance to the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Disease severity increased significantly in detached leaves and potted plants treated with the culture filtrate and B. cinerea spores compared with those treated with inactivated enzyme and B. cinerea alone. Spore germination ratios, numbers of penetrating fungal hyphae in the leaves, and fungal DNA contents also increased significantly on the detached leaves. Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), a serious invasive alien weed in Europe and North America, also became susceptible to infection by the rust pathogen Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae following the culture filtrate treatment. The culture filtrate treatment increased disease development in plants induced by both phytopathogenic fungi. Our results suggest that P. antarctica culture filtrate could be used as an adjuvant for sustainable biological weed control using phytopathogenic fungi.
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Linares-Pastén JA, Aronsson A, Karlsson EN. Structural Considerations on the Use of Endo-Xylanases for the Production of prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides from Biomass. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2018; 19:48-67. [PMID: 27670134 PMCID: PMC5738707 DOI: 10.2174/1389203717666160923155209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) have gained increased interest as prebiotics during the last years. XOS and arabinoxylooligosaccharides (AXOS) can be produced from major fractions of biomass including agricultural by-products and other low cost raw materials. Endo-xylanases are key enzymes for the production of (A)XOS from xylan. As the xylan structure is broadly diverse due to different substitutions, diverse endo-xylanases have evolved for its degradation. In this review structural and functional aspects are discussed, focusing on the potential applications of endo-xylanases in the production of differently substituted (A)XOS as emerging prebiotics, as well as their implication in the processing of the raw materials. Endo-xylanases are found in at least eight different glycoside hydrolase families (GH), and can either have a retaining or an inverting catalytic mechanism. To date, it is mainly retaining endo-xylanases that are used in applications to produce (A)XOS. Enzymes from these GH-families (mainly GH10 and GH11, and the more recently investigated GH30) are taken as prototypes to discuss substrate preferences and main products obtained. Finally, the need of new and accessory enzymes (new specificities from new families or sources) to increase the yield of different types of (A)XOS is discussed, along with in vitro tests of produced oligosaccharides and production of enzymes in GRAS organisms to facilitate use in functional food manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Aronsson
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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16
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Biotechnological production of value-added compounds by ustilaginomycetous yeasts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:7789-7809. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Parashar D, Satyanarayana T. Production of Chimeric Acidic α-Amylase by the Recombinant Pichia pastoris and Its Applications. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:493. [PMID: 28382032 PMCID: PMC5360700 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant chimeric α-amylase (Ba-Gt-amy) has been produced extracellularly in Pichia pastoris under AOX promoter. Clones of P. pastoris with multiple gene copies have been generated by multiple transformations and post-transformational vector amplification, which led to 10.7-fold enhancement in α-amylase titre as compared to a clone with a copy of the gene. The recombinant P. pastoris integrated eight copies of Ba-Gt-amy in the genome of P. pastoris, as revealed by real time PCR data analysis. Heterologous protein expression as well as mRNA level of Ba-Gt-amy was higher in multi-copy clone than that with single copy. The pure Ba-Gt-amy expressed in P. pastoris is a glycoprotein of 75 kDa, which is optimally active at pH 4.0 and 60°C with T1/2 of 40 min at 70°C. The Kinetic parameters and end product analysis suggested that glycosylation has no effect on catalytic properties of Ba-Gt-amy. The enzyme saccharifies soluble as well as raw starches efficiently and generates maltose and maltooligosaccharides, thus, useful in baking and sugar syrup industries. The strategy for generating multi-copy clones is being reported for the first time, which could be useful in enhancing the production of other recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Parashar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi New Delhi, India
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18
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Characterization of an aminopeptidase from Pseudozyma hubeiensis 31-B and potential applications. MYCOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Mhetras N, Liddell S, Gokhale D. Purification and characterization of an extracellular β-xylosidase from Pseudozyma hubeiensis NCIM 3574 (PhXyl), an unexplored yeast. AMB Express 2016; 6:73. [PMID: 27637943 PMCID: PMC5023640 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports on the production of β-xylosidase from an unexplored yeast, Pseudozyma hubeinsis. The expression of this enzyme could be induced by beech wood xylan when the yeast was grown at 27 °C. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity as a glycoprotein with 23 % glycosylation. The purification protocol involved ammonium sulphate precipitation, QAE-Sephadex A50 ion exchange chromatography and sephacryl-200 column chromatography which resulted in 8.3-fold purification with 53.12 % final recovery. The purified enzyme showed prominent single band on SDS-PAGE. It is a monomeric protein of 110 kDa molecular weight confirmed by SDS-PAGE followed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (112.3 kDa). The enzyme was optimally active at 60 °C and pH 4.5 and stable at pH range (4–9) and at 50 °C for 4 h. Chemical modification studies revealed that active site of the purified enzyme comprised of carboxyl, tyrosine and tryptophan residues. The carboxyl residue is involved in catalysis and tryptophan residue is solely involved in substrate binding. The best match from the search of the NCBInr database was with gi|808364558 glycoside hydrolase of Pseudozyma hubeiensis SY62 with 26 % sequence coverage confirming that it is a glycoside hydrolase/beta-glucosidase. From the search of customized SWISSPROT database, it was revealed that SWISSPROT does not contain any entries that are similar to the purified enzyme.
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20
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Tanimura A, Takashima M, Sugita T, Endoh R, Ohkuma M, Kishino S, Ogawa J, Shima J. Lipid production through simultaneous utilization of glucose, xylose, and L-arabinose by Pseudozyma hubeiensis: a comparative screening study. AMB Express 2016; 6:58. [PMID: 27566647 PMCID: PMC5001958 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-fermentation of glucose, xylose and l-arabinose from lignocellulosic biomass by an oleaginous yeast is anticipated as a method for biodiesel production. However, most yeasts ferment glucose first before consuming pentoses, due to glucose repression. This preferential utilization results in delayed fermentation time and lower productivity. Therefore, co-fermentation of lignocellulosic sugars could achieve cost-effective conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to microbial lipid. Comprehensive screening of oleaginous yeasts capable of simultaneously utilizing glucose, xylose, and l-arabinose was performed by measuring the concentration of sugars remaining in the medium and of lipids accumulated in the cells. We found that of 1189 strains tested, 12 had the ability to co-ferment the sugars. The basidiomycete yeast Pseudozyma hubeiensis IPM1-10, which had the highest sugars consumption rate of 94.1 %, was selected by culturing in a batch culture with the mixed-sugar medium. The strain showed (1) simultaneous utilization of all three sugars, and (2) high lipid-accumulating ability. This study suggests that P. hubeiensis IPM1-10 is a promising candidate for second-generation biodiesel production from hydrolysate of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Cui S, Wang T, Hu H, Liu L, Song A, Chen H. Investigating the expression of F10 and G11 xylanases in Aspergillus niger A09 with qPCR. Can J Microbiol 2016; 62:744-52. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2015-0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There exist significant differences between the 2 main types of xylanases, family F10 and G11. A clear understanding of the expression pattern of microbial F10 and G11 under different culture conditions would facilitate better production and industrial application of xylanase. In this study, the fungal xylanase producer Aspergillus niger A09 was systematically investigated in terms of induced expression of xylanase F10 and G11. Results showed that carbon and nitrogen sources could influence xylanase F10 and G11 transcript abundance, with G11 more susceptible to changes in culture media composition. The most favorable carbon and nitrogen sources for high G11 and low F10 production by A. niger A09 were xylan (2%) and (NH4)2C2O4 (0.3%), respectively. Following cultivation at 33 °C for 60 h, the highest xylanase activity (1132 IU per gram of wet mycelia) was observed. On the basis of differential gene expression of F10 and G11, as well as their different properties, we deduced that the F10 protein initially targeted xylan and hydrolyzed it into fragments including xylose, after which xylose acted as the inducer of F10 and G11 gene expression. These speculations also accounted for our failure to identify conditions favoring the high production of F10 but a low production of G11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiu Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianwen Wang
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Hu
- Institute of Biology Co., Ltd., Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangwei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Andong Song
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongge Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
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22
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High level expression of a recombinant xylanase by Pichia pastoris cultured in a bioreactor with methanol as the sole carbon source: Purification and biochemical characterization of the enzyme. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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23
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Xu X, Liu MQ, Huo WK, Dai XJ. Obtaining a mutant of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens xylanase A with improved catalytic activity by directed evolution. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 86:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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24
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Kaupert Neto AA, Borin GP, Goldman GH, Damásio ARDL, Oliveira JVDC. Insights into the plant polysaccharide degradation potential of the xylanolytic yeast Pseudozyma brasiliensis. FEMS Yeast Res 2015; 16:fov117. [PMID: 26712719 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fov117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In second-generation (2G) bioethanol production, plant cell-wall polysaccharides are broken down to release fermentable sugars. The enzymes of this process are classified as carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and contribute substantially to the cost of biofuel production. A novel basidiomycete yeast species, Pseudozyma brasiliensis, was recently discovered. It produces an endo-β-1,4-xylanase with a higher specific activity than other xylanases. This enzyme is essential for the hydrolysis of biomass-derived xylan and has an important role in 2G bioethanol production. In spite of the P. brasiliensis biotechnological potential, there is no information about how it breaks down polysaccharides. For the first time, we characterized the secretome of P. brasiliensis grown on different carbon sources (xylose, xylan, cellobiose and glucose) and also under starvation conditions. The growth and consumption of each carbohydrate and the activity of the CAZymes of culture supernatants were analyzed. The CAZymes found in its secretomes, validated by enzymatic assays, have the potential to hydrolyze xylan, mannan, cellobiose and other polysaccharides. The data show that this yeast is a potential source of hydrolases, which can be used for biomass saccharification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Adalberto Kaupert Neto
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Pagotto Borin
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Goldman
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av do Café S/N, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - André Ricardo de Lima Damásio
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Tecidual, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Caixa Postal 6109, CEP 13083-970, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Juliana Velasco de Castro Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
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25
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Dutta SK, Chakraborty S. Kinetic analysis of two-phase enzymatic hydrolysis of hemicellulose of xylan type. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 198:642-650. [PMID: 26433789 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a coupled experimental and theoretical framework for quantifying the kinetics of two-phase enzymatic hydrolysis of hemicellulose. For xylan loading of 1-5mg/ml, the nature of inhibition by the product xylose (non-competitive), the kinetic constants (Km=3.93 mg/ml, Vmax=0.0252 mg/ml/min) and the xylose inhibition constant (Kx=0.122 mg/ml) are experimentally determined. Our multi-step two-phase kinetic model incorporating enzyme adsorption to the solid substrate and non-competitive product inhibition is simulated using our kinetic data and validated against our experimentally measured temporal dynamics of xylose and reducing sugars. Further experiments show that higher substrate loading reduces the specific adsorption of the endoxylanase to the solid xylan and the enzyme's solid-liquid distribution ratio, which decelerates the solid hydrolysis and accelerates the liquid phase reactions. Thus, the xylose yield increases with substrate loading, which increases product inhibition and decreases reducing sugar yields. An operating cost analysis gives 3mg/ml as the optimal substrate loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajal Kanti Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Saikat Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India; School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India.
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26
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Simultaneous bioethanol distillery wastewater treatment and xylanase production by the phyllosphere yeast Pseudozyma antarctica GB-4(0). AMB Express 2015; 5:121. [PMID: 26069206 PMCID: PMC4463951 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-015-0121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioethanol production using lignocellulosic biomass generates lignocellulosic bioethanol distillery wastewater (LBDW) that contains a large amount of xylose, making it a potential inexpensive source of xylose for biomaterials production. The main goal of this study was the production of useful enzymes from LBDW during treatment of this wastewater. In this study, we found that xylose strongly induced two yeast strains, Pseudozyma antarctica T-34 and GB-4(0), to produce novel xylanases, PaXynT and PaXynG, respectively. The nucleotide sequence of PaXynT [accession No. DF196774 (GAC73192.1)], obtained from the genome database of strain T-34 using its N-terminal amino acid sequence, was 91% identical to that of PaXynG (accession No. AB901085), and the deduced amino acid sequence is 98% identical. The specific activities of the purified PaXynT and PaXynG were about 52 U/mg. The optimal pH and temperature for both enzymes’ activities were 5.2 and 50°C, respectively. They hydrolyzed xylan to xylose and neither had β-xylosidase (EC 3.2.1.37) activity, indicating that they are endo-β-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8). With these results, we expect that PaXyns can be employed in saccharizing lignocellulosic biomass materials for the production of useful products just like other endoxylanases. After 72 h of LBDW fed-batch cultivation using a jar-fermentor, strain GB-4(0) produced 17.3 U/ml (corresponding to about 0.3 g/l) of PaXynG and removed 63% of dissolved organic carbon and 87% of dissolved total phosphorus from LBDW. These results demonstrate the potential of P. antarctica for xylanase production during LBDW treatment.
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27
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Morais CG, Lara CA, Oliveira ES, Péter G, Dlauchy D, Rosa CA. Spencermartinsiella silvicola sp. nov., a yeast species isolated from rotting wood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 66:604-608. [PMID: 26559146 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three strains of a new xylanase-producing yeast species were isolated from rotting wood samples collected in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Brazil. The sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region and D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene showed that this novel yeast species belongs to the genus Spencermartinsiella, and its closest relatives among recognized species are Spencermartinsiella europaea and Spencermartinsiella ligniputridi. A novel species, named Spencermartinsiella silvicola sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate these isolates. The type strain is UFMG-CM-Y274T ( = CBS 13490T). The MycoBank number is MB 813053. In addition, Candida cellulosicola is reassigned to the genus Spencermartinsiella as a new combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila G Morais
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Carla A Lara
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
- Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Evelyn S Oliveira
- Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gábor Péter
- National Collection of Agricultural and Industrial Microorganisms, Faculty of Food Science, Corvinus University of Budapest, Somlói út 14-16, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dénes Dlauchy
- National Collection of Agricultural and Industrial Microorganisms, Faculty of Food Science, Corvinus University of Budapest, Somlói út 14-16, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carlos A Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
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28
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Sun MZ, Zheng HC, Meng LC, Sun JS, Song H, Bao YJ, Pei HS, Yan Z, Zhang XQ, Zhang JS, Liu YH, Lu FP. Direct cloning, expression of a thermostable xylanase gene from the metagenomic DNA of cow dung compost and enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from corncob. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 37:1877-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1857-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2009-2010. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:268-422. [PMID: 24863367 PMCID: PMC7168572 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review is the sixth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2010. General aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, arrays and fragmentation are covered in the first part of the review and applications to various structural typed constitutes the remainder. The main groups of compound that are discussed in this section are oligo and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Many of these applications are presented in tabular form. Also discussed are medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Harvey
- Department of BiochemistryOxford Glycobiology InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3QUUK
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30
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Kumar V, Satyanarayana T. Generation of xylooligosaccharides from microwave irradiated agroresidues using recombinant thermo-alkali-stable endoxylanase of the polyextremophilic bacterium Bacillus halodurans expressed in Pichia pastoris. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 179:382-389. [PMID: 25553569 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The recombinant Pichia pastoris harboring the endoxylanase gene (TSEV1xyl) of Bacillus halodurans TSEV1 yielded a high titer of extracellular xylanase (502±23 U ml(-1)) on induction with methanol. The purified recombinant xylanase (TSEV1xyl) displayed optimal activity at 80°C and pH 9.0. The glycosylated recombinant xylanase exhibited higher thermostability (T1/2 of 45 min at 80°C) than the native enzyme (T1/2 of 35 min at 80°C). The agroresidues subjected to pretreatment (soaking in alkali followed by microwave irradiation) liberated xylooligosaccharides (XOS) upon hydrolysis with the recombinant xylanase. The removal of unhydrolyzed agroresidues, xylanase and xylose from the hydrolysate by two-step ultrafiltration led to the purification of XOS as confirmed by TLC as well as HPLC analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - T Satyanarayana
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India.
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31
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Secretion of recombinant thermo-alkali-stable endoxylanase of polyextremophilic Bacillus halodurans TSEV1 and its utility in generating xylooligosaccharides from renewable agro-residues. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Oliveira JVDC, Borges TA, Corrêa Dos Santos RA, Freitas LFD, Rosa CA, Goldman GH, Riaño-Pachón DM. Pseudozyma brasiliensis sp. nov., a xylanolytic, ustilaginomycetous yeast species isolated from an insect pest of sugarcane roots. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:2159-2168. [PMID: 24682702 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.060103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel ustilaginomycetous yeast isolated from the intestinal tract of an insect pest of sugarcane roots in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, represents a novel species of the genus Pseudozyma based on molecular analyses of the D1/D2 rDNA large subunit and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1+ITS2) regions. The name Pseudozyma brasiliensis sp. nov. is proposed for this species, with GHG001(T) ( = CBS 13268(T) = UFMG-CM-Y307(T)) as the type strain. P. brasiliensis sp. nov. is a sister species of Pseudozyma vetiver, originally isolated from leaves of vetiver grass and sugarcane in Thailand. P. brasiliensis sp. nov. is able to grow well with xylan as the sole carbon source and produces high levels of an endo-1,4-xylanase that has a higher specific activity in comparison with other eukaryotic xylanases. This enzyme has a variety of industrial applications, indicating the great biotechnological potential of P. brasiliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Velasco de Castro Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thuanny A Borges
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Augusto Corrêa Dos Santos
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa F D Freitas
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Mauricio Riaño-Pachón
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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33
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34
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Biochemical characterization of an endoxylanase from Pseudozyma brasiliensis sp. nov. strain GHG001 isolated from the intestinal tract of Chrysomelidae larvae associated to sugarcane roots. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Biochemical and thermodynamic characteristics of thermo-alkali-stable xylanase from a novel polyextremophilic Bacillus halodurans TSEV1. Extremophiles 2013; 17:797-808. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-013-0565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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36
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Morais CG, Lara CA, Marques S, Fonseca C, Lachance MA, Rosa CA. Sugiyamaella xylanicola sp. nov., a xylan-degrading yeast species isolated from rotting wood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2356-2360. [PMID: 23625254 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.050856-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four strains of a novel yeast species were isolated from rotting-wood samples in an Atlantic rainforest site in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. These yeasts were obtained from enrichments using yeast nitrogen base (YNB)-d-xylose or YNB-xylan media. The novel yeast species produces bacilliform ascospores typical of the genus Sugiyamaella, and its closest described relative in terms of sequence similarity is Candida (iter. nom. Sugiyamaella) marionensis. The yeast is able to grow in medium with xylan as sole carbon source and produces extracellular enzymes with xylanolytic activities. The novel species Sugiyamaella xylanicola sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these isolates. The type strain is UFMG-CA-32.1(T) (=CBS 12683(T) =CBMAI 1467(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila G Morais
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Carla A Lara
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Susana Marques
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cesar Fonseca
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marc-André Lachance
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Carlos A Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
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37
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Anand A, Kumar V, Satyanarayana T. Characteristics of thermostable endoxylanase and β-xylosidase of the extremely thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus thermodenitrificans TSAA1 and its applicability in generating xylooligosaccharides and xylose from agro-residues. Extremophiles 2013; 17:357-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-013-0524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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38
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Li X, Li E, Zhu Y, Teng C, Sun B, Song H, Yang R. A typical endo-xylanase from Streptomyces rameus L2001 and its unique characteristics in xylooligosaccharide production. Carbohydr Res 2012; 359:30-6. [PMID: 22925761 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The activity of the extracellular xylanase produced by Streptomyces rameus L2001 against different xylans and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) was investigated. The main products of hydrolysis of birchwood xylan and oat-spelt xylan by the S. rameus L2001 xylanase were xylobiose (X2) and xylotriose (X3), suggesting that this is an endo-acting xylanase. This was confirmed by analysis of XOS degradation products. The enzyme hardly hydrolyzed X2 and X3, but hydrolyzed xylotetraose (X4) and xylopentaose (X5) producing mainly X2 and X3 through transglycosylation. Depending on the substrate, different quantities of reducing sugars were produced by the xylanase: 150 mg/g from corncob, 105 mg/g from bean culms, and 133 mg/g from bagasse. With the bagasse substrate, the xylanase yielded 2.36, 2.76, 2.03, and 2.17 mg/mL of X2, X3, X4, and X5, respectively. The structure of xylobiose and xylotriose from the hydrolysis of corncob xylan was identified by MS and NMR. The production of XOS from various agricultural wastes has potential industrial applications. This is the first report of XOS production by S. rameus L2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuting Li
- Department of Food Science, School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
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39
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Kumar V, Satyanarayana T. Applicability of thermo-alkali-stable and cellulase-free xylanase from a novel thermo-halo-alkaliphilic Bacillus halodurans in producing xylooligosaccharides. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 33:2279-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Adsul MG, Singhvi MS, Gaikaiwari SA, Gokhale DV. Development of biocatalysts for production of commodity chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:4304-12. [PMID: 21277771 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is recognized as potential sustainable source for production of power, biofuels and variety of commodity chemicals which would potentially add economic value to biomass. Recalcitrance nature of biomass is largely responsible for the high cost of its conversion. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce some cost effective pretreatment processes to make the biomass polysaccharides easily amenable to enzymatic attack to release mixed fermentable sugars. Advancement in systemic biology can provide new tools for the development of such biocatalysts for sustainable production of commodity chemicals from biomass. Integration of functional genomics and system biology approaches may generate efficient microbial systems with new metabolic routes for production of commodity chemicals. This paper provides an overview of the challenges that are faced by the processes converting lignocellulosic biomass to commodity chemicals. The critical factors involved in engineering new microbial biocatalysts are also discussed with more emphasis on commodity chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Adsul
- NCIM Resource Center, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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41
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Sharma M, Chadha BS, Saini HS. Purification and characterization of two thermostable xylanases from Malbranchea flava active under alkaline conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:8834-8842. [PMID: 20630749 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Two xylanases, MFX I and MFX II, from the thermophilic fungus Malbranchea flava MTCC 4889 with molecular masses of 25.2 and 30kDa and pIs of 4.5 and 3.7, respectively were purified to homogeneity. The xylanases were optimally active at pH 9.0 and at 60 degrees C, exhibited a half-life of 4h at 60 degrees C, and showed distinct mode of action and product profiles when applied to birchwood, oat spelt, and larchwood xylan, and to wheat and rye arabinoxylan. The xylanases were most active on larchwood xylan with K(m) values of 1.25 and 3.7mg/ml. K(cat)/K(m) values suggested that the xylanases preferentially hydrolyzed rye arabinoxylan. LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry) analysis of tryptic digests of MFX I and MFX II revealed similarity with known fungal xylanases and suggests that that they belonged to the GH 11 and 10 glycosyl hydrolase super families, respectively. These xylanases can potentially be used in enzyme-assisted bleaching of the pulp derived from agro-residues, as well as production of xylooligosaccharides for pre-biotic functional food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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