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Wang Y, Wang X, Niu S, Cheng W, Liu X, Min Y, Qiu Y, Ma L, Rao B, Zhu L. Improving the Activity of Tryptophan Synthetase via a Nucleic Acid Scaffold. Molecules 2023; 28:7272. [PMID: 37959692 PMCID: PMC10648251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan synthetase (TSase), which functions as a tetramer, is a typical enzyme with a substrate channel effect, and shows excellent performance in the production of non-standard amino acids, histamine, and other biological derivatives. Based on previous work, we fused a mutant CE protein (colistin of E. coli, a polypeptide with antibacterial activity) sequence with the sequence of TSase to explore whether its catalytic activity could be enhanced, and we also analyzed whether the addition of a DNA scaffold was a feasible strategy. Here, dCE (CE protein without DNase activity) protein tags were constructed and fused to the TrapA and TrapB subunits of TSase, and the whole cell was used for the catalytic reaction. The results showed that after the dCE protein tag was fused to the TrapB subunit, its whole cell catalytic activity increased by 50%. Next, the two subunits were expressed separately, and the proteins were bound in vitro to ensure equimolar combination between the two subunits. After the dCE label was fused to TrapB, the activity of TSase assembled with TrapA also improved. A series of experiments revealed that the enzyme fused with dCE9 showed higher activity than the wild-type protein. In general, the activity of assembly TSase was optimal when the temperature was 50 °C and the pH was about 9.0. After a long temperature treatment, the enzyme maintained good activity. With the addition of exogenous nucleic acid, the activity of the enzyme increased. The maximum yield was 0.58 g/L, which was almost three times that of the wild-type TSase (0.21 g/L). The recombinant TSase constructed in this study with dCE fusion had the advantages of higher heat resistance and higher activity, and confirmed the feasibility of adding a nucleic acid scaffold, providing a new idea for the improvement of structurally similar enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme, Engineering Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Biology Faculty of Hubei University, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiangyi Wang
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme, Engineering Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Biology Faculty of Hubei University, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Shuhui Niu
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme, Engineering Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Biology Faculty of Hubei University, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme, Engineering Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Biology Faculty of Hubei University, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Yong Min
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Yimin Qiu
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Lixin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme, Engineering Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Biology Faculty of Hubei University, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ben Rao
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, China
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Liu C, Chen T, Chen J, Zhou Y, Deng L, Feng G, Gao J, Liang H. Induced effect of Ca 2+ and Al 3+ on chaetominine synthesis by Aspergillus fumigatus CY018 under submerged fermentation. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:2733-2744. [PMID: 34994979 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chaetominine (CHA), an alkaloid with a biological activity obtained from Aspergillus fumigatus CY018, has strong anticancer activity against the human leukemia cells. However, its physiological and biochemical research is limited by CHA yield in the liquid-state fermentation, which is a problem that urgently needs effective biological solution. In this work, Ca2+ and Al3+ were found to have a strong promoting effect on CHA production after multiple metal ions screening. Then, the addition condition of Ca2+ and Al3+ was, respectively, optimized CHA production and dry cell weight. The intermediate metabolites were increased with coaddition of Ca2+ and Al3+ . The activities of key enzymes of DAHPs, AroAs, and TrpCs in the CHA biosynthesis pathway were improved by 3.58-, 3.60-, and 3.34-fold, respectively. Meanwhile, the transcription level of laeA, dahp, cs, and trpC was upregulated by 3.22-, 12.65-, 5.58-, and 6.99-fold, respectively, by coaddition of Ca2+ and Al3+ . Additionally, the fermentation strategy was successfully scaled up to a 5-L bioreactor, in which CHA production could attain 75.6 mg/L at 336 h. This work demonstrated that Ca2+ and Al3+ coaddition was an effective strategy for increasing CHA production, and the information obtained might be useful in the fermentation of filamentous fungi with the addition of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Liu
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianwen Chen
- Economic and Trade Department, Yancheng Polytechnic College, Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jijie Chen
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Zhou
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Deng
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Gongneng Feng
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Gao
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixing Liang
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Xu L, Li T, Huo Z, Chen Q, Xia Q, Jiang B. Directed Evolution Improves the Enzymatic Synthesis of L-5-Hydroxytryptophan by an Engineered Tryptophan Synthase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:3407-3417. [PMID: 34097254 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
L-5-Hydroxytryptophan is an important amino acid that is widely used in food and medicine. In this study, L-5-hydroxytryptophan was synthesized by a modified tryptophan synthase. A direct evolution strategy was applied to engineer tryptophan synthase from Escherichia coli to improve the efficiency of L-5-hydroxytryptophan synthesis. Tryptophan synthase was modified by error-prone PCR. A high-activity mutant enzyme (V231A/K382G) was obtained by a high-throughput screening method. The activity of mutant enzyme (V231A/K382G) is 3.79 times higher than that of its parent, and kcat/Km of the mutant enzyme (V231A/K382G) is 4.36 mM-1∙s-1. The mutant enzyme (V231A/K382G) reaction conditions for the production of L-5-hydroxytryptophan were 100 mmol/L L-serine at pH 8.5 and 35°C for 15 h, reaching a yield of L-5-hydroxytryptophan of 86.7%. Directed evolution is an effective strategy to increase the activity of tryptophan synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Xu
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, China
| | - Ziyue Huo
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, China
| | - Qiuxia Xia
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, China
| | - Bianling Jiang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, China
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Du Q, Zhang X, Pan X, Zhang H, Yang YS, Liu J, Jiao Q. A novel strategy for efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of D-glutamine using recombinant Escherichia coli cells. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ghadiri M, Hemmati A, Nakhjiri AT, Shirazian S. Modelling tyramine extraction from wastewater using a non-dispersive solvent extraction process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:39068-39076. [PMID: 32642900 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09943-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater effluent from alkaloid processing plants has the potential adverse environmental influences. Mathematical modelling and simulations were carried out using computational fluid dynamics of mass and momentum transfer in a hollow fibre membrane extractor. Conservation equations were derived for tyramine extraction in the membrane extractor and solved based on the finite element method. Model findings based on the computational fluid dynamics validated well with the experimental data. The results showed that increase in organic-phase flow rate, as well as the fibre length and its porosity, has a positive impact on the performance of the extractor, whereas the enhancement of aqueous-phase flow rate led to the reduction of tyramine extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Ghadiri
- Informetrics Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Alireza Hemmati
- School of Chemical Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Taghvaie Nakhjiri
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Shirazian
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
- The Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
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Recent advances in biocatalytic derivatization of L-tyrosine. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9907-9920. [PMID: 33067683 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
L-Tyrosine is an aromatic, polar, non-essential amino acid that contains a highly reactive α-amino, α-carboxyl, and phenolic hydroxyl group. Derivatization of these functional groups can produce chemicals, such as L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, tyramine, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, which are widely employed in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics industries. In this review, we summarize typical L-tyrosine derivatizations catalyzed by enzymatic biocatalysts, as well as the strategies and challenges associated with their production processes. Finally, we discuss future perspectives pertaining to the enzymatic production of L-tyrosine derivatives.Key points• Summary of recent advances in enzyme-catalyzed L-tyrosine derivatization.• Highlights of relevant strategies involved in L-tyrosine derivatives biosynthesis.• Future perspectives on industrial applications of L-tyrosine derivatization.
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Yu J, Li J, Gao X, Zeng S, Zhang H, Liu J, Jiao Q. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution for Asymmetric Synthesis of L-Noncanonical Amino Acids from D-Ser Using Tryptophan Synthase and Alanine Racemase. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Shuiyun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing Medical University; 211166 Nanjing China
| | - Junzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Qingcai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
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Zhang H, Wei Y, Lu Y, Wu S, Liu Q, Liu J, Jiao Q. Three-step biocatalytic reaction using whole cells for efficient production of tyramine from keratin acid hydrolysis wastewater. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:1691-1700. [PMID: 26476652 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7054-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tyramine has been paid more attention in recent years as a significant metabolite of tyrosine and catecholamine drug and an intermediate of medicinal material and some drugs. In this study, an effective, green, and three-step biocatalytic synthesis method for production of tyramine starting from serine in keratin acid hydrolysis wastewater was developed and investigated. Serine deaminase from Escherichia coli was first combined with tyrosine phenol-lyase from Citrobacter koseri, to convert L-serine to L-tyrosine. L-Tyrosine can then be decarboxylated to tyramine by tyrosinede carboxylase from Lactobacillus brevis. All these enzymes originated from recombinant whole cells. Serine deaminaseand tyrosine phenol-lyase could efficiently convert L-serine in wastewater to L-tyrosine at pH 8.0, 37 °C, and Triton X-100 of 0.04% when tyrosine phenol-lyase and its corresponding substrates were sequentially added. Tyrosine conversion rate reached 98 % by L-tyrosine decarboxylase. In scale-up study, the conversion yield of L-serine in wastewater to tyrosine was up to 89 %. L-Tyrosine was decarboxylated to tyramine with a high yield 94 %. Tyramine hydrochloride was obtained with a total yield 84 %. This study has provided an efficient way of recycling keratin acid hydrolysis wastewater to produce tyramine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Siping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Junzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Qingcai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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Xu L, Wang Z, Mao P, Liu J, Zhang H, Liu Q, Jiao QC. Enzymatic synthesis of S-phenyl-L-cysteine from keratin hydrolysis industries wastewater with tryptophan synthase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 133:635-637. [PMID: 23478091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An economical method for production of S-phenyl-L-cysteine from keratin acid hydrolysis wastewater (KHW) containing L-serine was developed by recombinant tryptophan synthase. This study provides us with an alternative KHW utilization strategy to synthesize S-phenyl-L-cysteine. Tryptophan synthase could efficiently convert L-serine contained in KHW to S-phenyl-L-cysteine at pH 9.0, 40°C and Trion X-100 of 0.02%. In a scale up study, L-serine conversion rate reach 97.1% with a final S-phenyl-L-cysteine concentration of 38.6 g l(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
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Liu Q, Cheng Y, Xie X, Xu Q, Chen N. Modification of tryptophan transport system and its impact on production of L-tryptophan in Escherichia coli. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 114:549-554. [PMID: 22456235 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The production of L-tryptophan through chemical synthesis, direct fermentation, bioconversion and enzymatic conversion has been reported. However, the role of transport system for aromatic amino acids in L-tryptophan producing strains has not been fully explored. In this study, the fact was revealed that L-tryptophan production and cell growth were affected by the modification of transport systems based on YddG functioning as aromatic amino acid excretion and AroP functioning as general aromatic amino acid permease. Through comparing glucose conversion rates of recombinant strains such as Escherichia coli TRTH ΔaroP, E. coli TRTH-Y, and E. coli TRTH ΔaroP-Y, the moderate modification of transport system resulted in the metabolic flux redistribution of L-tryptophan biosynthesis pathway. In the fed-batch fermentation by E. coli TRTH and E. coli TRTH-Y in 30-liter fermentor, the final production of L-tryptophan fermented by E. coli TRTH-Y was 36.3 g/L, which was 12.6% higher than fermentation by E. coli TRTH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of Education Ministry, Tianjin 300457, China
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