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Diamantopoulou P, Sarris D, Tchakouteu SS, Xenopoulos E, Papanikolaou S. Growth Response of Non-Conventional Yeasts on Sugar-Rich Media: Part 1: High Production of Lipid by Lipomyces starkeyi and Citric Acid by Yarrowia lipolytica. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1863. [PMID: 37513034 PMCID: PMC10384381 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar-rich waste streams, generated in very high quantities worldwide, constitute an important source of environmental pollution. Their eco-friendly conversions into a plethora of added-value compounds through the use of microbial fermentations is currently a very "hot" scientific topic. The aim of this study, was to assess the potential of single cell oil (SCO), microbial mass and citric acid (CA) production by non-conventional yeast strains growing on expired ("waste") glucose. Six yeast strains (viz. Rhodosporidium toruloides DSM 4444, Rhodotorula glutinis NRRL YB-252, R. toruloides NRRL Y-27012, Yarrowia lipolytica LFMB Y-20, Y. lipolytica ACA-DC 50109 and Lipomyces starkeyi DSM 70296) were initially grown in shake flasks with expired glucose used as substrate under nitrogen limitation, in order to "boost" the cellular metabolism towards the synthesis of SCO and CA, and their growth response was quantitatively evaluated. Initial glucose concentration (Glc0) was adjusted at c. 50 g/L. Besides Y. lipolytica, all other yeast strains produced noticeable SCO quantities [lipid in dry cell weight (DCW) ranging from 25.3% w/w to 55.1% w/w]. Lipids of all yeasts contained significant quantities of oleic acid, being perfect candidates for the synthesis of 2nd generation biodiesel. The highest DCW production (=13.6 g/L) was obtained by L. starkeyi DSM 70296, while both Y. lipolytica strains did not accumulate noticeable lipid quantities, but produced non-negligible CA amounts. The most promising CA-producing strain, namely Y. lipolytica ACA-DC 50109 was further studied in stirred-tank bioreactor systems, while the very promising DCW- and SCO-producing L. starkeyi DSM 70296 was further studied in shake flasks. Both strains were grown on media presenting higher Glc0 concentrations and the same initial nitrogen quantity as previously. Indeed, L. starkeyi grown at Glc0 = 85 g/L, produced DCWmax = 34.0 g/L, that contained lipid =34.1% w/w (thus SCO was =11.6 g/L). The strain ACA-DC 50109 in stirred tank bioreactor with Glc0 ≈ 105 g/L produced CA up to 46 g/L (yield of CA produced on glucose consumed; YCA/Glc ≈ 0.45 g/g). Finally, in fed-batch bioreactor experiment, the significant CA quantity of 82.0 g/L (YCA/Glc = 0.50 g/g) was recorded. Concluding, "waste" glucose proved to be a suitable substrate for a number of non-conventional yeast strains. Y. lipolytica ACA-DC 50109 produced significant quantities of CA while L. starkeyi DSM 70296 was a very interesting DCW- and SCO-producing candidate. These strains can be used as potential cell factories amenable to convert glucose-based residues into the mentioned metabolic compounds, that present high importance for food, chemical and biofuel facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Diamantopoulou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products (ITAP), Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 1 Sofokli Venizelou Street, Attiki, 14123 Lykovryssi, Greece
| | - Dimitris Sarris
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products (ITAP), Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 1 Sofokli Venizelou Street, Attiki, 14123 Lykovryssi, Greece
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, Metropolite Ioakeim 2, 81400 Myrina, Greece
| | - Sidoine Sadjeu Tchakouteu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Xenopoulos
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Seraphim Papanikolaou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
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Oleaginous yeasts: Biodiversity and cultivation. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ran C, Zhou X, Yao C, Zhang Y, Kang W, Liu X, Herbert C, Xie T. Swine digestate treatment by prior nitrogen-starved Chlorella vulgaris: The effect of over-compensation strategy on microalgal biomass production and nutrient removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 768:144462. [PMID: 33454469 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digester effluent containing high levels of ammonia poses a threat to the environment. To hinder this issue, a modern and promising treatment method incorporates both microalgae and their bioconversion potential. When culturing Chlorella vulgaris at a 1:7 digestate supernatant dilution ratio, biomass concentration was 1.33 g L-1 and 66% of ammonia nitrogen was removed. Furthermore, a prior nitrogen-starved seed method, namely over-compensation strategy, was applied to improve both biomass production and nutrient removal. By using nitrogen-starved seeds after a 48 h nitrogen-free stimulation, biomass yield increased by 1.7-times to 2.56 g L-1. Simultaneously, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus removal efficiencies reached 99% and 97% respectively. The enhanced production corresponds to higher chlorophyll fluorescence in the middle and late stages of the culture. In addition, the bioproduct contained 39% carbohydrates, and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipids was 66%. These findings demonstrated that the over-compensation strategy contributed to greater nitrogen removal and high-value bioproduct production in the microalgae-digestate treatment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaogang Ran
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Changhong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yongkui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wu Kang
- Science and Technology on Reactor Fuel and Materials Laboratory, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Science and Technology on Reactor Fuel and Materials Laboratory, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Colton Herbert
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, Opus College of Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee 53233, United States of America
| | - Tonghui Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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da Cunha Abreu Xavier M, Teixeira Franco T. Obtaining hemicellulosic hydrolysate from sugarcane bagasse for microbial oil production by Lipomyces starkeyi. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:967-979. [PMID: 33517513 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The extraction of the hemicellulose fraction of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) by acid hydrolysis was evaluated in an autoclave and a Parr reactor aiming the application of the hydrolysate as a carbon source for lipid production by Lipomyces starkeyi. RESULTS The hydrolysis that resulted in the highest sugar concentration was obtained by treatment in the Parr reactor (HHR) at 1.5% (m/v) H2SO4 and 120 °C for 20 min, reaching a hemicellulose conversion of approximately 82%. The adaptation of the yeast to the hydrolysate provided good fermentability and no lag phase. The fermentation of hemicellulose-derived sugars (HHR) by L. starkeyi resulted in a 27.8% (w/w) lipid content and YP/S of 0.16 g/l.h. Increasing the inoculum size increased the lipid content by approximately 61%, reaching 44.8% (w/w). CONCLUSION The hemicellulose hydrolysate from SCB is a potential substrate for L. starkeyi to produce lipids for biodiesel synthesis based on the biorefinery concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle da Cunha Abreu Xavier
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Badejos Street 69-72, Jardim Cervilha, Gurupi, TO, 77404-970, Brazil.
| | - Telma Teixeira Franco
- Department of Process Engineering (DEPro), School of Chemical Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Albert Einstein Avenue, 500, Zeferino Vaz University City, Campinas, SP, 13083-852, Brazil
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5
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High cell density cultivation of Lipomyces starkeyi for achieving highly efficient lipid production from sugar under low C/N ratio. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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Lipomyces starkeyi: an emerging cell factory for production of lipids, oleochemicals and biotechnology applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:147. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lipid production from a mixture of sugarcane top hydrolysate and biodiesel-derived crude glycerol by the oleaginous red yeast, Rhodosporidiobolus fluvialis. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ganatsios V, Koutinas AA, Bekatorou A, Panagopoulos V, Banat IM, Terpou A, Kopsahelis N. Porous cellulose as promoter of oil production by the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi using mixed agroindustrial wastes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:629-634. [PMID: 28810217 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced single cell oil (SCO) production by the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi DSM 70296, immobilised on delignified porous cellulose, is reported. Pure glucose media were initially used. The effects of substrate pH and treatment temperature were evaluated, showing that 30°C and pH 5.0 were the optimum conditions for SCO production by the immobilised yeast. The immobilisation technique led to increased lipid accumulation and cell growth by 44% and 8%, respectively, in the glucose media, compared to free cells in suspension. This positive effect was also shown when low concentration mixed agro-industrial waste suspensions were used as substrates, leading to 85% enhanced SCO production in comparison with free cells. Higher fatty acid (HFA) analysis showed that yeast immobilisation led to increased formation of unsaturated HFAs (6%) and reduced saturated HFAs (5%) compared to free cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilios Ganatsios
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece; Department of Oenology and Beverage Technology, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, 661 00 Kavala, Greece
| | | | - Argyro Bekatorou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
| | | | - Ibrahim M Banat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, BT52 1SA Coleraine, N. Ireland, UK
| | - Antonia Terpou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kopsahelis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
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Song X, Ma Z, Tan Y, Zhang H, Cui Q. Wastewater recycling technology for fermentation in polyunsaturated fatty acid production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 235:79-86. [PMID: 28365352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To reduce fermentation-associated wastewater discharge and the cost of wastewater treatment, which further reduces the total cost of DHA and ARA production, this study first analyzed the composition of wastewater from Aurantiochytrium (DHA) and Mortierella alpina (ARA) fermentation, after which wastewater recycling technology for these fermentation processes was developed. No negative effects of DHA and ARA production were observed when the two fermentation wastewater methods were cross-recycled. DHA and ARA yields were significantly inhibited when the wastewater from the fermentation process was directly reused. In 5-L fed-batch fermentation experiments, using this cross-recycle technology, the DHA and ARA yields were 30.4 and 5.13gL-1, respectively, with no significant changes (P>0.05) compared to the control group, and the water consumption was reduced by half compared to the traditional process. Therefore, this technology has great potential in industrial fermentation for polyunsaturated fatty acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China; Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Zengxin Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China; Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanzhen Tan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Huidan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China; Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiu Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China; Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China.
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Lin X, Liu S, Bao R, Gao N, Zhang S, Zhu R, Zhao ZK. Development of an Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Method and Evaluation of Two Exogenous Constitutive Promoters in Oleaginous Yeast Lipomyces starkeyi. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 183:867-875. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2469-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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11
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Gong G, Guo G, Zhang X, Tan T. Effect of ammonium-N on malic enzyme and lipid production inRhodotorula glutinisgrown on monosodium glutamate wastewater. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2016.1201077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Probst KV, Schulte LR, Durrett TP, Rezac ME, Vadlani PV. Oleaginous yeast: a value-added platform for renewable oils. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:942-55. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1064855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle V. Probst
- IGERT in Biorefining,
- Bioprocessing and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Department of Grain Science and Industry,
| | | | - Timothy P. Durrett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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13
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Areesirisuk A, Chiu CH, Yen TB, Liu CH, Guo JH. A novel oleaginous yeast strain with high lipid productivity and its application to alternative biodiesel production. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683815030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Muniraj IK, Uthandi SK, Hu Z, Xiao L, Zhan X. Microbial lipid production from renewable and waste materials for second-generation biodiesel feedstock. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2015.1018340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iniya Kumar Muniraj
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Siva Kumar Uthandi
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Zhenhu Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Xiao
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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15
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Jiang L, Pei H, Hu W, Ji Y, Han L, Ma G. The feasibility of using complex wastewater from a monosodium glutamate factory to cultivate Spirulina subsalsa and accumulate biochemical composition. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 180:304-10. [PMID: 25621725 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper is mainly observations on the growth and biomass accumulation of Spirulina subsalsa in modified Zarrouk medium supplemented with complex wastewater (CW, from a monosodium glutamate factory) in different concentrations. High ammonia in 75% and 100% CW inhibits algae growth, but maximum biomass production (2.86mgL(-1)) was obtained in 25% CW (concentration of CW in medium was 25%). Different CW concentration promoted biomass composition accumulation at different degrees, 41% of protein content in 25% CW and 18% of carbohydrate in 50% CW. In terms of economy, a concentration of 25% CW was suitable for protein production and 50% for lipid and carbohydrate production. These results suggested that CW is a feasible replacement in part for cultivation of S. subsalsa to economize input of water and nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haiyan Pei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Centre on Environmental Science and Technology, No. 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Wenrong Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Centre on Environmental Science and Technology, No. 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Yan Ji
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of JINAN, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Lin Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guixia Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China
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Tsakona S, Kopsahelis N, Chatzifragkou A, Papanikolaou S, Kookos IK, Koutinas AA. Formulation of fermentation media from flour-rich waste streams for microbial lipid production by Lipomyces starkeyi. J Biotechnol 2014; 189:36-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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17
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Anschau A, Xavier MCA, Hernalsteens S, Franco TT. Effect of feeding strategies on lipid production by Lipomyces starkeyi. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 157:214-22. [PMID: 24556374 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to produce microbial oil from Lipomyces starkeyi DSM 70296 grown in hemicellulose hydrolysate (H-H). Glucose and xylose were used for batch, fed-batch, repeated fed-batch, and continuous cultures, and H-H was tested at continuous culture. The highest cell and lipid concentrations of 85.4 and 41.8g/L, respectively, were obtained using repeated fed-batch strategy. Continuous culture with dilution rate of 0.03h(-1) presented the highest overall cell (0.443g/g) and lipid yields (0.236g/g). At 0.06h(-1) were obtained the highest cell and lipid productivities. Continuous cultivation using H-H at 0.03h(-1) resulted in higher cell productivity than that obtained using glucose:xylose. Gas chromatography analysis of the esterified lipids indicated that the major constituents of this complex are palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid with an estimated cetane number (approximately 61) similar to that of palm biodiesel, which is important for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréia Anschau
- Department of Chemical Processes, College of Chemical Engineering, UNICAMP (State University of Campinas), P.O. Box 6121, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Michelle C A Xavier
- Department of Chemical Processes, College of Chemical Engineering, UNICAMP (State University of Campinas), P.O. Box 6121, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Saartje Hernalsteens
- Department of Exact Sciences and Geoscience, College of Chemical Engineering, UNIFESP (Federal University of São Paulo), 09972-270 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Telma T Franco
- Department of Chemical Processes, College of Chemical Engineering, UNICAMP (State University of Campinas), P.O. Box 6121, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Ji Y, Hu W, Li X, Ma G, Song M, Pei H. Mixotrophic growth and biochemical analysis of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated with diluted monosodium glutamate wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 152:471-476. [PMID: 24333623 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate wastewater (MSGW) is a potential medium for microbial cultivation because of containing abundant organic nutrient. This paper seeks to evaluate the feasibility of growing Chlorella vulgaris with MSGW and assess the influence of MSGW concentration on the biomass productivity and biochemical compositions. The MSGW diluted in different concentrations was prepared for microalga cultivation. C. vulgaris growth was greatly promoted with MSGW compared with the inorganic BG11 medium. C. vulgaris obtained the maximum biomass concentration (1.02 g/L) and biomass productivity (61.47 mg/Ld) with 100-time diluted MSGW. The harvested biomass was rich in protein (36.01-50.64%) and low in lipid (13.47-25.4%) and carbohydrate (8.94-20.1%). The protein nutritional quality and unsaturated fatty acids content of algal increased significantly with diluted MSGW. These results indicated that the MSGW is a feasible alternative for mass cultivation of C. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Wenrong Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Centre on Environmental Science and Technology, 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Xiuqing Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Guixia Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Mingming Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Haiyan Pei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nan Road, Jinan 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Centre on Environmental Science and Technology, 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250061, China.
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Zhou W, Wang W, Li Y, Zhang Y. Lipid production by Rhodosporidium toruloides Y2 in bioethanol wastewater and evaluation of biomass energetic yield. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 127:435-40. [PMID: 23138067 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides Y2 was employed to remove waste nutrients from bioethanol wastewater while simultaneously producing biomass enriched in microbial lipids. Under optimal conditions, the COD degradation ratio, biomass and lipid content reached 72.3%, 3.8 g/l and 34.9%, respectively. For accelerating biomass and lipid accumulation, different feeding strategies of substrate were conducted. The biomass and lipid production increased by 39.5% and 53.8%, respectively, when glucose at 1.2g/(ld) was added during the last three days of the cultivation. An equation was established to estimate biomass energetic yield. Under optimal conditions, the biomass energetic yield was 50.9% and an increase of 26.0% was obtained by feeding glucose at 1.2g/(ld) during the last three days. The fatty acid composition of the lipids was similar to that from plant oils and other microbial lipids, and could thus be used as raw material for feed additives and biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, China
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