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Chintagunta AD, Zuccaro G, Kumar M, Kumar SPJ, Garlapati VK, Postemsky PD, Kumar NSS, Chandel AK, Simal-Gandara J. Biodiesel Production From Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Oleaginous Microbes: Prospects for Integrated Biofuel Production. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:658284. [PMID: 34475852 PMCID: PMC8406692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.658284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiesel is an eco-friendly, renewable, and potential liquid biofuel mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Biodiesel has been produced initially from vegetable oils, non-edible oils, and waste oils. However, these feedstocks have several disadvantages such as requirement of land and labor and remain expensive. Similarly, in reference to waste oils, the feedstock content is succinct in supply and unable to meet the demand. Recent studies demonstrated utilization of lignocellulosic substrates for biodiesel production using oleaginous microorganisms. These microbes accumulate higher lipid content under stress conditions, whose lipid composition is similar to vegetable oils. In this paper, feedstocks used for biodiesel production such as vegetable oils, non-edible oils, oleaginous microalgae, fungi, yeast, and bacteria have been illustrated. Thereafter, steps enumerated in biodiesel production from lignocellulosic substrates through pretreatment, saccharification and oleaginous microbe-mediated fermentation, lipid extraction, transesterification, and purification of biodiesel are discussed. Besides, the importance of metabolic engineering in ensuring biofuels and biorefinery and a brief note on integration of liquid biofuels have been included that have significant importance in terms of circular economy aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjani Devi Chintagunta
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur, India
| | - Gaetano Zuccaro
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- LBE, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Narbonne, France
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, India
| | - S. P. Jeevan Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, India
- ICAR-Directorate of Floricultural Research, Pune, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Garlapati
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, India
| | - Pablo D. Postemsky
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms, Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS-UNS/CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N. S. Sampath Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur, India
| | - Anuj K. Chandel
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena (EEL), University of São Paulo (USP), Lorena, Brazil
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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Kim GY, Seo YH, Kim I, Han JI. Co-production of biodiesel and alginate from Laminaria japonica. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 673:750-755. [PMID: 31003102 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A process to produce both biodiesel and alginate in an integrated manner from a brown seaweed, Laminaria japonica, was established. Mannitol, a major carbon constituent in L. japonica, served to produce neutral lipids via the heterotrophic cultivation of an oleaginous yeast, Cryptococcus sp.; and simultaneously alginate, a high value product, was extracted to enhance the economic feasibility of the entire process. Only autoclave pretreatment, without need of any chemical agents, was enough to recover all the essential nutrients for the yeast cultivation. Specifically, it could recover 6.4 g L-1 of mannitol to a degree comparable to 6.6 g L-1 obtained by acid-aided pretreatment using 1.5% (v/v) of H2SO4. Maximum fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) content was 30.37% with FAME productivity of 0.56 g L-1 d-1, and the produced FAME could meet the biodiesel quality standards. Na2CO3-based method showed the best efficiency of alginate recovery, yielding 21.06% (w/w). This study supports that L. japonica can indeed be a promising low-cost feedstock for biodiesel production, and it is more so when a high-value product alginate is co-produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Yeong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Hwan Seo
- Agency for Defense Development, 462 Jochiwon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilgook Kim
- Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daedeok-daero 989-111, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-In Han
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Eikani MH, Khandan N, Feyzi E. Increased bio-oil yield from Nannochloropsis salina through tuning the polarity of subcritical water. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.12.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Wei H, Wang W, Alper HS, Xu Q, Knoshaug EP, Van Wychen S, Lin CY, Luo Y, Decker SR, Himmel ME, Zhang M. Ameliorating the Metabolic Burden of the Co-expression of Secreted Fungal Cellulases in a High Lipid-Accumulating Yarrowia lipolytica Strain by Medium C/N Ratio and a Chemical Chaperone. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3276. [PMID: 30687267 PMCID: PMC6333634 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica, known to accumulate lipids intracellularly, lacks the cellulolytic enzymes needed to break down solid biomass directly. This study aimed to evaluate the potential metabolic burden of expressing core cellulolytic enzymes in an engineered high lipid-accumulating strain of Y. lipolytica. Three fungal cellulases, Talaromyces emersonii-Trichoderma reesei chimeric cellobiohydrolase I (chimeric-CBH I), T. reesei cellobiohydrolase II (CBH II), and T. reesei endoglucanase II (EG II) were expressed using three constitutive strong promoters as a single integrative expression block in a recently engineered lipid hyper-accumulating strain of Y. lipolytica (HA1). In yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium, the resulting cellulase co-expressing transformant YL165-1 had the chimeric-CBH I, CBH II, and EG II secretion titers being 26, 17, and 132 mg L-1, respectively. Cellulase co-expression in YL165-1 in culture media with a moderate C/N ratio of ∼4.5 unexpectedly resulted in a nearly two-fold reduction in cellular lipid accumulation compared to the parental control strain, a sign of cellular metabolic drain. Such metabolic drain was ameliorated when grown in media with a high C/N ratio of 59 having a higher glucose utilization rate that led to approximately twofold more cell mass and threefold more lipid production per liter culture compared to parental control strain, suggesting cross-talk between cellulase and lipid production, both of which involve the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Most importantly, we found that the chemical chaperone, trimethylamine N-oxide dihydride increased glucose utilization, cell mass and total lipid titer in the transformants, suggesting further amelioration of the metabolic drain. This is the first study examining lipid production in cellulase-expressing Y. lipolytica strains under various C/N ratio media and with a chemical chaperone highlighting the metabolic complexity for developing robust, cellulolytic and lipogenic yeast strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wei
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Hal S Alper
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Qi Xu
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Eric P Knoshaug
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Stefanie Van Wychen
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States.,National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Chien-Yuan Lin
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Yonghua Luo
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Stephen R Decker
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Michael E Himmel
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Min Zhang
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States.,National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
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5
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Liu HH, Ji XJ, Huang H. Biotechnological applications of Yarrowia lipolytica: Past, present and future. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1522-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Silveira MHL, Morais ARC, da Costa Lopes AM, Olekszyszen DN, Bogel-Łukasik R, Andreaus J, Pereira Ramos L. Current Pretreatment Technologies for the Development of Cellulosic Ethanol and Biorefineries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3366-90. [PMID: 26365899 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials, such as forest, agriculture, and agroindustrial residues, are among the most important resources for biorefineries to provide fuels, chemicals, and materials in such a way to substitute for, at least in part, the role of petrochemistry in modern society. Most of these sustainable biorefinery products can be produced from plant polysaccharides (glucans, hemicelluloses, starch, and pectic materials) and lignin. In this scenario, cellulosic ethanol has been considered for decades as one of the most promising alternatives to mitigate fossil fuel dependence and carbon dioxide accumulation in the atmosphere. However, a pretreatment method is required to overcome the physical and chemical barriers that exist in the lignin-carbohydrate composite and to render most, if not all, of the plant cell wall components easily available for conversion into valuable products, including the fuel ethanol. Hence, pretreatment is a key step for an economically viable biorefinery. Successful pretreatment method must lead to partial or total separation of the lignocellulosic components, increasing the accessibility of holocellulose to enzymatic hydrolysis with the least inhibitory compounds being released for subsequent steps of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Each pretreatment technology has a different specificity against both carbohydrates and lignin and may or may not be efficient for different types of biomasses. Furthermore, it is also desirable to develop pretreatment methods with chemicals that are greener and effluent streams that have a lower impact on the environment. This paper provides an overview of the most important pretreatment methods available, including those that are based on the use of green solvents (supercritical fluids and ionic liquids).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Henrique Luciano Silveira
- CEPESQ, Research Center in Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita C Morais
- Unit of Bioenergy, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology, 1649-038, Lisbon, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, New University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Andre M da Costa Lopes
- Unit of Bioenergy, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology, 1649-038, Lisbon, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, New University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | | | - Rafał Bogel-Łukasik
- Unit of Bioenergy, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology, 1649-038, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Jürgen Andreaus
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, 89012 900, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Pereira Ramos
- CEPESQ, Research Center in Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil.
- INCT Energy and Environment (INCT E&A), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná.
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Mohan M, Banerjee T, Goud VV. Hydrolysis of bamboo biomass by subcritical water treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 191:244-252. [PMID: 26000834 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of present study was to obtain total reducing sugars (TRS) from bamboo under subcritical water (SCW) treatment in a batch reactor at the temperature ranging from 170 °C to 220 °C and 40 min hydrolysis time. Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of temperature and time on TRS yield. The maximum TRS yield (42.21%) was obtained at lower temperature (180 °C), however longer reaction time (25 min). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were used to characterise treated and untreated bamboo samples. The XRD profile revealed that crystallinity of bamboo increased to 71.90% with increase in temperature up to 210 °C and decreased thereafter to 70.92%. The first-order reaction kinetic model was used to fit the experimental data to obtain rate constants. From the Arrhenius plot, activation energy and pre-exponential factor at 25 min time were found to be 17.97 kJ mol(-1) and 0.154 min(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mood Mohan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Tamal Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Vaibhav V Goud
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Sekova VY, Isakova EP, Deryabina YI. Biotechnological applications of the extremophilic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683815030151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Mohan M, Timung R, Deshavath NN, Banerjee T, Goud VV, Dasu VV. Optimization and hydrolysis of cellulose under subcritical water treatment for the production of total reducing sugars. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20319h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcritical water (SCW) treatment has gained enormous attention as an environmentally friendly technique for organic matter and an attractive reaction medium for a variety of applications. In the current work the process parameters were optimized by RSM model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mood Mohan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati
- India
| | - Robinson Timung
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati
- India
| | | | - Tamal Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati
- India
| | - Vaibhav V. Goud
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati
- India
- Centre for the Environment
| | - Venkata V. Dasu
- Centre for the Environment
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati
- India
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering
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10
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Miao C, Chakraborty M, Dong T, Yu X, Chi Z, Chen S. Sequential hydrothermal fractionation of yeast Cryptococcus curvatus biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 164:106-112. [PMID: 24844164 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A sequential hydrothermal liquefaction (SEQHTL) process was evaluated in this work for fractionating different component of yeast biomass. Sugar and protein were separated first at a lower temperature, and the remaining biomass was then converted to bio-oil at a higher temperature. The separated aqueous products were investigated to be recycled as a carbon and nitrogen sources for the yeast culture. In the first step of SEQHTL, the temperature effect on the yield of sugar/protein and inhibitory compounds (acetic acid and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5HMF)) was investigated. The highest yields of sugar and protein and a minimal level of inhibitory compounds were obtained at 180°C. At the second step of SEQHTL, the highest bio-oil yield was achieved at 240°C. In comparison to the one-step hydrothermal liquefaction process, SEQHTL produced a higher quality bio-oil with higher fatty acid and lower nitrogen contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Miao
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, United States
| | - Moumita Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, United States
| | - Tao Dong
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, United States
| | - Xiaochen Yu
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, United States
| | - Zhanyou Chi
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, United States
| | - Shulin Chen
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, United States.
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Santamauro F, Whiffin FM, Scott RJ, Chuck CJ. Low-cost lipid production by an oleaginous yeast cultured in non-sterile conditions using model waste resources. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2014; 7:34. [PMID: 24593824 PMCID: PMC4016040 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-7-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima, previously utilised as a biological control agent, was evaluated for its potential to produce lipids for biofuel production. RESULTS Cultivation in low cost non-sterile conditions was achieved by exploiting its ability to grow at low temperature and pH and to produce natural antimicrobial compounds. Although not previously classified as oleaginous, a combination of low temperature and restricted nutrient availability triggered high levels of oil production in M. pulcherrima cultures. This regime was designed to trigger the sporulation process but prevent its completion to allow the accumulation of a subset of a normally transitional, but oil-rich, 'pulcherrima' cell type. This approach resulted in yields of up to 40% lipid, which compares favourably with other oleaginous microbes. We also demonstrate that M. pulcherrima metabolises glycerol and a diverse range of other sugars, suggesting that heterogeneous biomass could provide a suitable carbon source. M. pulcherrima also grows well in a minimal media containing no yeast extract. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of the yeast to produce lipids inexpensively on an industrial scale by culturing the yeast in a 500 L, open air, tank reactor without any significant contamination. CONCLUSIONS The production of antimicrobial compounds coupled to efficient growth at low temperature and pH enables culture of this oleaginous yeast in inexpensive, non-sterile conditions providing a potential route to economic biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Santamauro
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Fraeya M Whiffin
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Rod J Scott
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Christopher J Chuck
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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Tsigie YA, Wu CH, Huynh LH, Ismadji S, Ju YH. Bioethanol production from Yarrowia lipolytica Po1g biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 145:210-216. [PMID: 23265824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioethanol production from the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica biomass was studied. The effects of temperature (90-150°C) and H2SO4 concentration (2-15%w/w) on the saccharification of biomass at a hydrolysis time of 1h were investigated. A maximum glucose concentration of 35.89 g/L can be produced from defatted biomass using 6% H2SO4 at 120°C. Subcritical water (SCW) pretreatment has negligible effect on maximizing glucose yield. Only 14.53 g/L glucose can be produced using 6% H2SO4 at 120°C if un-defatted biomass was used. The highest ethanol concentration achieved was 13.39 g/L with a corresponding ethanol yield of 0.084 g/g dry biomass (0.38 g ethanol/g glucose).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshitila A Tsigie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ahmed IN, Sutanto S, Huynh LH, Ismadji S, Ju YH. Subcritical water and dilute acid pretreatments for bioethanol production from Melaleuca leucadendron shedding bark. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Groenewald M, Boekhout T, Neuvéglise C, Gaillardin C, van Dijck PWM, Wyss M. Yarrowia lipolytica: safety assessment of an oleaginous yeast with a great industrial potential. Crit Rev Microbiol 2013; 40:187-206. [PMID: 23488872 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2013.770386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica has been developed as a production host for a large variety of biotechnological applications. Efficacy and safety studies have demonstrated the safe use of Yarrowia-derived products containing significant proportions of Yarrowia biomass (as for DuPont's eicosapentaenoic acid-rich oil) or with the yeast itself as the final product (as for British Petroleum's single-cell protein product). The natural occurrence of the species in food, particularly cheese, other dairy products and meat, is a further argument supporting its safety. The species causes rare opportunistic infections in severely immunocompromised or otherwise seriously ill people with other underlying diseases or conditions. The infections can be treated effectively by the use of regular antifungal drugs, and in some cases even disappeared spontaneously. Based on our assessment, we conclude that Y. lipolytica is a "safe-to-use" organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marizeth Groenewald
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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