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Wu Y, Cui Y, Li D, Yin M, Pei Y, Wang X, Li J, Zhu Y. Fulvic acid mediated highly efficient heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification by Paracoccus denitrificans XW11 with reduced C/N ratio. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 267:122557. [PMID: 39366321 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Reducing the C/N ratio requirements for heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HNAD) is crucial for its practical application; however, it remains underexplored. In this study, a highly efficient HNAD bacterium, Paracoccus denitrificans XW11, was isolated. The HNAD characteristics of XW11 were studied, and the redox mediator fulvic acid (FA) was used to reduce the C/N requirements. Whole-genome sequencing revealed multiple denitrification genes in XW11; however, nitrification genes were not identified, because heterotrophic nitrification-related gene sequences were not included in the database. However, the nitrogen removal related enzyme activity test revealed complete nitrification and denitrification pathways. Reverse transcription PCR showed that the membrane-bound nitrate reductase (NarG), rather than the periplasmic nitrate reductase, was responsible for aerobic denitrification. The conventional nitrite reductase (NirS) also does not mediate nitrite denitrification. When the C/N ratio was 10, the ammonia removal efficiency of the Control was 71.71 % and the addition of FA increased it to 86.12 %. Transcriptomic analysis indicated electron flow from the carbon source to FA without proton transmembrane transport, and the presence of FA constructs another electron transfer system. The redox potential of oxidized FA/reduced FA is 0.3679 V, avoiding competition for electrons from Complex III. Thus, ammonia monooxygenase obtains electrons more easily, thereby promoting nitrification. The enzyme activity test of the nitrification process confirmed this view. In addition, NarG expression increased, and the denitrification process was enhanced. Overall, FA improved HNAD efficiency by facilitating electron transfer to the nitrogen dissimilation process, offering a novel approach to reduce the C/N requirement of HNAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yanan Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dongyue Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Muchen Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yanxue Pei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiujie Wang
- The College of environmental and chemical engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Jun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Yuhan Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Tan S, Huang Y, Yang H, Zhang S, Tang X. Microbial communities and denitrification mechanisms of pyrite autotrophic denitrification coupled with three-dimensional biofilm electrode reactor. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2024; 96:e11107. [PMID: 39155705 DOI: 10.1002/wer.11107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Denitrification is of great significance for low C/N wastewater treatment. In this study, pyrite autotrophic denitrification (PAD) was coupled with a three-dimensional biofilm electrode reactor (BER) to enhance denitrification. The effect of current on denitrification was extensively studied. The nitrate removal of the PAD-BER increased by 14.90% and 74.64% compared to the BER and the PAD, respectively. In addition, the electron utilization, extracellular polymeric substances secretion, and denitrification enzyme activity (NaR and NiR) were enhanced in the PAD-BER. The microbial communities study displayed that Dokdonella, Hydrogenophaga, Nitrospira, and Terrimonas became the main genera for denitrification. Compared with the PAD and the BER, the abundance of the key denitrification genes narG, nirK, nirS, and nosZ were all boosted in the PAD-BER. This study indicated that the enhanced autotrophic denitrifiers and denitrification genes were responsible for the improved denitrification in the PAD-BER. PRACTITIONER POINTS: PAD-BER displayed higher nitrate removal, EPS, NAR, and NIR activity. The three types of denitrification (HD, HAD, and PAD) and their contribution percentage in the PAD-BER were analyzed. HAD was dominant among the three denitrification processes in PAD-BER. Microbial community composition and key denitrification genes were tested to reveal the denitrification mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyu Tan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Yang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinhua Tang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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3
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Hu Y, Thomsen TP, Fenton O, Sommer SG, Shi W, Cui W. Effects of dairy processing sludge and derived biochar on greenhouse gas emissions from Danish and Irish soils. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114543. [PMID: 36252841 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Globally, to ensure food security bio-based fertilizers must replace a percentage of chemical fertilizers. Such replacement must be deemed sustainable from agronomic and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission perspectives. For agronomic performance several controlled protocols are in place but not for testing GHG emissions. Herein, a pre-screening tool is presented to examine GHG emissions from bio-waste as fertilizers. The various treatments examined are as follows: soil with added mineral nitrogen (N, 140 kg N ha-1) fertilizer (MF), the same amount of MF combined with dairy processing sludge (DS), sludge-derived biochar produced at 450 °C (BC450) and 700 °C (BC700) and untreated control (CK). These treatments were combined with Danish (sandy loam) or Irish (clay loam) soils, with carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and soil inorganic-N contents measured on selected days. During the incubation, biochar mitigated N2O emissions by regulating denitrification. BC450 reduced N2O emissions from Danish soil by 95.5% and BC700 by 97.7% compared to emissions with the sludge application, and for Irish soil, the N2O reductions were 93.6% and 32.3%, respectively. For both soils, biochar reduced CO2 emissions by 50% as compared to the sludge. The lower N2O reduction potential of BC700 for Irish soil could be due to the high soil organic carbon and clay content and pyrolysis temperature. For the same reasons emissions of N2O and CO2 from Irish soil were significantly higher than from Danish soil. The temporal variation in N2O emissions was correlated with soil inorganic-N contents. The CH4 emissions across treatments were not significantly different. This study developed a simple and cost-effective pre-screening method to evaluate the GHG emission potential of new bio-waste before its field application and guide the development of national emission inventories, towards achieving the goals of circular economy and the European Green Deal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihuai Hu
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 12, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Tobias Pape Thomsen
- Department of People and Technology, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Owen Fenton
- Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Ireland
| | - Sven Gjedde Sommer
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 12, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Wenxuan Shi
- Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Ireland; Civil Engineering and Ryan Institute, College of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Wenjing Cui
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Du X, Peng Y. Heterogeneous multi-population competitive algorithm and its application in ASM1 parameter estimation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:2495-2527. [PMID: 36450669 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Activated sludge model 1 (ASM1) is a biokinetic model of the activated sludge wastewater treatment process, which has several uncertain parameters and complex chemical reaction processes. This model is often used in simulations to assess whether the effluent quality of wastewater meets discharge standards. Accurate and rapid estimation of the parameters of ASM1 is a necessary prerequisite for its successful application in industrial practice. However, ASM1-based parameter estimation is difficult to implement in practical operations due to the slow convergence rate and low convergence accuracy of most parameter estimation algorithms as well as the non-uniqueness of parameter estimation. In view of this, a novel metaheuristic optimization algorithm combining Legendre function network and dynamic partitioning strategy, named heterogeneous multi-group competitive algorithm (HMCA), is proposed to overcome the problem of low algorithmic efficiency and poor practicality in parameter estimation. The performance of the algorithm in terms of convergence speed, convergence accuracy and applicability is verified by two sets of test functions and eight state-of-the-art comparison algorithms. The superior performance of the algorithm in parameter estimation is then validated in conjunction with Benchmark Simulation Model no. 1 (BSM1) and four sets of operational data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Du
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China E-mail: ; Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Control for Industrial Processes, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Electrical and Control Engineering Education, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yu Peng
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China E-mail:
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Paśmionka IB, Gospodarek J. Assessment of the Impact of Selected Industrial Wastewater on the Nitrification Process in Short-Term Tests. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053014. [PMID: 35270705 PMCID: PMC8910604 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many chemical compounds can inhibit the nitrification process, especially organic compounds used in the chemical industry. This results in a decrease in the nitrification intensity or even a complete termination of this process. As the technological design of the selected municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) assumed the dephosphation process, without taking into account nitrification, it was necessary to reduce the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in the treated sewage supplied to the Vistula River. Therefore, the aim of the research was to determine the inhibition of nitrification in the activated sludge method under the influence of industrial wastewater from the production of various organic compounds and to select the most toxic wastewater in relation to nitrifiers. The assessment of nitrification inhibition was carried out on the basis of the method of short-term (4-h) impact of the tested sewage on nitrifying bacteria in the activated sludge. The research covered nine different types of chemical sewage, including wastewater from the production of synthetic rubbers, styrene plastics, adhesives, solvents and emulsifiers. The nitrification process was inhibited to the highest degree by wastewater from the production of styrene-butadiene rubbers (72%). Only wastewater from the production of methacrylate (polymethyl methacrylate) had the lowest degree of inhibition: 16%. These wastewaters also have a toxic effect on the entire biocenosis and adversely affect the structure of activated sludge flocs. The attempts to filter toxic wastewater through the ash basins significantly relieved the inhibition of nitrification.
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Xie Y, Spiller M, Vlaeminck SE. A bioreactor and nutrient balancing approach for the conversion of solid organic fertilizers to liquid nitrate-rich fertilizers: Mineralization and nitrification performance complemented with economic aspects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150415. [PMID: 34852428 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high water- and nutrient-use efficiency, hydroponic cultivation is increasingly vital in progressing to environment-friendly food production. To further alleviate the environmental impacts of synthetic fertilizer production, the use of recovered nutrients should be encouraged in horticulture and agriculture at large. Solid organic fertilizers can largely contribute to this, yet their physical and chemical nature impedes application in hydroponics. This study proposes a bioreactor for mineralization and nitrification followed by a supplementation step for limiting macronutrients to produce nitrate-based solutions from solid fertilizers, here based on a novel microbial fertilizer. Batch tests showed that aerobic conversions at 35 °C could realize a nitrate (NO₃--N) production efficiency above 90% and a maximum rate of 59 mg N L-1 d-1. In the subsequent bioreactor test, nitrate production efficiencies were lower (44-51%), yet rates were higher (175-212 mg N L-1 d-1). Calcium and magnesium hydroxide were compared to control the bioreactor pH at 6.0 ± 0.2, while also providing macronutrients for plant production. A mass balance estimation to mimic the Hoagland nutrient solution showed that 92.7% of the NO₃--N in the Ca(OH)₂ scenario could be organically sourced, while this was only 37.4% in the Mg(OH)₂ scenario. Besides, carbon dioxide (CO₂) generated in the bioreactor can be used for greenhouse carbon fertilization to save operational expenditure (OPEX). An estimation of the total OPEX showed that the production of a nutrient solution from solid organic fertilizers can be cost competitive compared to using commercially available liquid inorganic fertilizer solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankai Xie
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Marc Spiller
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
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7
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Yang C, Liu T, Chen N, Tong S, Deng Y, Xue L, Hu W, Feng C. Performance and mechanism of a novel woodchip embedded biofilm electrochemical reactor (WBER) for nitrate-contaminated wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130250. [PMID: 34088103 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a woodchip biofilm electrode reactor (WBER) with woodchips embedded anode and cathode was developed, and its denitrification mechanism was analyzed by investigating the denitrification performance, organic matter change, redox environment and microbial community. The results show that the WBER with a carbon rod as anode (C-WBER) had a higher denitrification efficiency (2.58 mg NO- 3-N/(L·h)) and lower energy consumption (0.012 kWh/g NO- 3-N) at 350 mA/m2. By reducing the hydroxyl radical and dissolved oxygen concentrations, anode embedding technology effectively decreased the inhibition on microorganisms. Lignin decomposition, nitrification and aerobic denitrification were carried out in anode. Additionally, hydrogen autotrophic denitrification and heterotrophic denitrification were occurred in cathode. The WBER effectively removed nitrate and reduced the cost, providing a theoretical basis and direction for further develop BERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences, Beijing), Ministry of Education, No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences, Beijing), Ministry of Education, No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences, Beijing), Ministry of Education, No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shuang Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, China Meat Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Yang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences, Beijing), Ministry of Education, No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lijing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences, Beijing), Ministry of Education, No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weiwu Hu
- Journal Center, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chuanping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences, Beijing), Ministry of Education, No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
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8
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Orhon D, Sözen S, Kirca VSO, Duba S, Mermutlu R, Sumer BM. Pollutant dynamics between The Black Sea and The Marmara Sea: Basis for wastewater management strategy. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112388. [PMID: 33940368 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluated pollutant dynamics between The Black Sea and The Marmara Sea using data collected during a marine survey of the region around The Bosphorus strait, in the last five years. A hydraulic model was utilized to define two-layered water exchange in The Bosphorus. Analysis of pollutant exchange indicated The Black Sea as major polluter for the marine environment in The Marmara Sea. Four wastewater outfalls are located along The Bosphorus; Mass balances between the two ends of The Bosphorus indicated losses of 44 t/d total N and 138 t/d COD in the lower layer before reaching The Black Sea. This was explained with a simultaneous nitrification-denitrification process sustained in the low oxygen or anoxic zones around the outfalls, implying that a sustainable wastewater strategy should preclude additional treatment for The Bosphorus discharges, since they do not have an appreciable impact on the water quality of the lower flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Orhon
- The Science Academy, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Sözen
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - V S O Kirca
- BM SUMER Consultancy & Research(1), ITU ARI Teknokent 1, No: 15, Istanbul 34467, Turkey; Faculty of Civil Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Duba
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - R Mermutlu
- ISKI, Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration, Eyüpsultan, 34060 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B M Sumer
- BM SUMER Consultancy & Research(1), ITU ARI Teknokent 1, No: 15, Istanbul 34467, Turkey
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9
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Acute inhibitory impact of sulfamethoxazole on mixed microbial culture: Kinetic analysis of substrate utilization biopolymer storage nitrification and endogenous respiration. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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The Kinetics of Pollutant Removal through Biofiltration from Stormwater Containing Airport De-Icing Agents. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the kinetics of pollutant removal in biofilters with LECA filling (used as a buffer to prevent de-icing agents from being released into the environment with stormwater runoff). It demonstrated a significant effect of temperature and a C/N ratio on the rate of nitrification, denitrification, and organic compound removal. The nitrification rate was the highest (0.32 mg N/L·h) at 25 °C and C/N = 0.5, whereas the lowest (0.18 mg N/L·h) at 0 °C and C/N = 2.5 and 5.0. Though denitrification rate is mainly affected by the available quantity of organic substrate, it actually decreased as the C/N increased and was positively correlated with the temperature levels. Its value was found to be the highest (0.31 mg N/L·h) at 25 °C and C/N = 0.5, and the lowest (0.18 mg N/L·h) at 0 °C and C/N = 5.0. As the C/N increased, so did the content of organic compounds in the treated effluent. The lowest organic removal rates were noted for C/N = 0.5, ranging between 11.20 and 18.42 mg COD/L·h at 0 and 25 °C, respectively. The highest rates, ranging between 27.83 and 59.43 mg COD/L·h, were recorded for C/N = 0.5 at 0 and 25 °C, respectively.
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11
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Rongsayamanont C, Khongkhaem P, Luepromchai E, Khan E. Inhibitory effect of phenol on wastewater ammonification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 309:123312. [PMID: 32283486 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate inhibitory effect of phenol on ammonification of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in wastewater. Laboratory incubation experiments were conducted using primary and secondary effluent samples spiked with phenol (100-1000 mg/L) and inoculated with mixed cultures, pure strains of phenol-degrading bacteria (Acinetobacter sp. and Pseudomonas putida F1), and/or an ammonia oxidizing bacterium (Nitrosomonas europaea). DON concentration was monitored with incubation time. Phenol suppressed the ammonification rate of DON up to 62.9%. No or minimal ammonification inhibition was observed at 100 mg/L of phenol while the inhibition increased with increasing phenol concentration from 250 to 1000 mg/L. The inhibition was curtailed by the presence of the phenol-degrading bacteria. DON was ammonified in the samples inoculated with only N. europaea and the ammonification was also inhibited by phenol. The findings suggest that high phenol in wastewater could result in low ammonification and high DON in the effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaiwat Rongsayamanont
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Piyamart Khongkhaem
- Microbial Technology for Marine Pollution Treatment Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Ekawan Luepromchai
- Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Microbial Technology for Marine Pollution Treatment Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA.
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12
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Friedman L, Mamane H, Avisar D, Chandran K. The role of influent organic carbon-to-nitrogen (COD/N) ratio in removal rates and shaping microbial ecology in soil aquifer treatment (SAT). WATER RESEARCH 2018; 146:197-205. [PMID: 30261358 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil columns simulating soil aquifer treatment (SAT), fed with synthetic secondary effluent by intermittent infiltration of flooding/drying cycles, were characterized for nitrogen and organic carbon removal, and microbial ecology and biokinetics. The columns differed in the concentration ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to the summed NH4+, NO2- and organic nitrogen-2 (C/N2) or 5 (C/N5). Chemical profiles along the column demonstrated a preference for COD oxidation over nitrification and coupled denitrification, with higher nitrogen loss (57% vs. 16%) in the C/N5 column. Unexpectedly, significant dominance of the genus Nitrospira over the genus Nitrobacter and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was strongly correlated at column depths where NH4+ removal occurred. Moreover, the Nitrospira profile had the strongest correlation to the profile of NH4+ (positive) and NO3- (negative), strongly indicating complete ammonia oxidation. 16S sequencing analysis of the topsoil in C/N2 vs. C/N5 columns revealed double the abundance of microbial aerobic potential (64% vs. 32%) vs. one-third the denitrification potential (13% vs. 31%). The concentrations and degradability levels of organic carbon were the most influential parameters shaping community structure. Niche differentiation within the biofilm attached to the soil is suggested to have an important role in the process's anoxic activity and nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Friedman
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel; School of Earth Sciences, The Water Research Center, Hydrochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel; Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Hadas Mamane
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Dror Avisar
- School of Earth Sciences, The Water Research Center, Hydrochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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Collivignarelli MC, Abbà A, Bertanza G, Setti M, Barbieri G, Frattarola A. Integrating novel (thermophilic aerobic membrane reactor-TAMR) and conventional (conventional activated sludge-CAS) biological processes for the treatment of high strength aqueous wastes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 255:213-219. [PMID: 29427872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A combination of thermophilic aerobic membrane reactor (TAMR) and conventional activated sludge (CAS) was studied by means of two pilot plants at semi-industrial scale in order to simulate the new configuration adopted in a full-scale facility for the treatment of high strength aqueous wastes. Aqueous wastes with high contents of organic pollutants were treated by means of the TAMR technology, progressively increasing the organic load (3-12 kgCOD m-3 d-1). A mixture of municipal wastewater and thermophilic permeate was fed to the CAS plant. The main results are the following: achievement of a high COD removal yield by both the TAMR (78%) and the CAS (85%) plants; ammonification of the organic nitrogen under thermophilic conditions and subsequent mesophilic nitrification; capacity of the downstream mesophilic process to complete the degradation of the organic matter partially obtained by the TAMR process and precipitation of phosphorus as vivianite and carbonatehydroxylapatite in the TAMR plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Abbà
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Bertanza
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimo Setti
- Department of Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Barbieri
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Frattarola
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Liu H, Chen N, Feng C, Tong S, Li R. Impact of electro-stimulation on denitrifying bacterial growth and analysis of bacterial growth kinetics using a modified Gompertz model in a bio-electrochemical denitrification reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 232:344-353. [PMID: 28249188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of electro-stimulation on denitrifying bacterial growth in a bio-electrochemical reactor, and the growth were modeled using modified Gompertz model under different current densities at three C/Ns. It was found that the similar optimum current density of 250mA/m2 was obtained at C/N=0.75, 1.00 and 1.25, correspondingly the maximum nitrate removal efficiencies were 98.0%, 99.2% and 99.9%. Moreover, ATP content and cell membrane permeability of denitrifying bacteria were significantly increased at optimum current density. Furthermore, modified Gompertz model fitted well with the microbial growth curves, and the highest maximum growth rates (µmax) and shorter lag time were obtained at the optimum current density for all C/Ns. This study demonstrated that the modified Gompertz model could be used for describing microbial growth under different current densities and C/Ns in a bio-electrochemical denitrification reactor, and it provided an alternative for improving the performance of denitrification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuanping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shuang Tong
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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15
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Katipoglu-Yazan T, Merlin C, Pons MN, Ubay-Cokgor E, Orhon D. Chronic impact of sulfamethoxazole on the metabolic activity and composition of enriched nitrifying microbial culture. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 100:546-555. [PMID: 27235775 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the chronic impact of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on activated sludge sustaining an enriched nitrifying biomass. For this purpose, a laboratory scale fill and draw reactor was operated with 100 mg COD/L of peptone mixture and 50 mg N/L of ammonia at a sludge age of 15 days. Additionally, the biomass was exposed to a daily SMX dose of 50 mg/L once the reactor reached steady-state conditions. The reactor performance and microbial composition were monitored for 37 days with conventional parameters and molecular techniques based on the gene for ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (amoA) and the prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and 16S rRNA gene cloning analyses suggested a microbial community change concurrent with the addition of SMX. Specifically, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses (qPCR/RT-qPCR) revealed a significant reduction in the levels and activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). However, the acclimation period ended with high amoA mRNA levels and improved nitrification efficiency. Partial degradation of SMX by heterotrophic bacteria was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Katipoglu-Yazan
- Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey; CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, Institut Jean Barriol, 15 Avenue du Charmois, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Christophe Merlin
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, Institut Jean Barriol, 15 Avenue du Charmois, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, LCPME, UMR 7564, 15 Avenue du Charmois, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Marie-Noëlle Pons
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (UMR 7274 CNRS) Université de Lorraine, 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France.
| | - Emine Ubay-Cokgor
- Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Derin Orhon
- Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey; ENVIS Energy and Environmental Systems R&D Ltd, ITU Arı Teknokent, Arı 1 Building No.16, Maslak 34469, Turkey.
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16
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Tang HL, Chen H. Nitrification at full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants: Evaluation of inhibition and bioaugmentation of nitrifiers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 190:76-81. [PMID: 25933253 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Batch nitrification tests were conducted with sludge and wastewater streams obtained from field implementations to evaluate nitrification inhibition and efficiency of a nitrifiers bioaugmentation technology at full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The results showed that the substrate organic carbon and pH of wastewater streams were inhibitory factors to nitrification and the low pH was the cause of the WWTP experiencing poor nitrification. An ammonia-nitrogen removal rate of 0.21mg-N/gMLVSS-h was observed at pH 6.5, while the rate increased to 0.54mg-N/gMLVSS-h with an introduction of 6% bioaugmented nitrifiers, indicating that the integrated side-stream nitrifiers bioaugmentation process was beneficial in improving nitrification efficiency, even under low pH conditions not conducive to nitrification. The study provides new insights into effective upgrading of municipal WWTPs exposed to poor nitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao L Tang
- Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Hongping Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
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17
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Katipoglu-Yazan T, Merlin C, Pons MN, Ubay-Cokgor E, Orhon D. Chronic impact of tetracycline on nitrification kinetics and the activity of enriched nitrifying microbial culture. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 72:227-238. [PMID: 25616640 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the chronic impact of tetracycline on biomass with enriched nitrifying community sustained in a lab-scale activated sludge system. For this purpose, a fill and draw reactor fed with 100 mg COD/L of peptone mixture and 50 mg N/L of ammonia was sustained at a sludge age of 15 days. At steady-state, the reactor operation was continued with a daily tetracycline dosing of 50 mg/L for more than 40 days, with periodic monitoring of the microbial composition, the nitrifying bacteria abundance, as well as the amoA and 16S rRNA gene activity, using molecular techniques. Changes in the kinetics of nitrification were quantified by modelling concentration profiles of major nitrogen fractions and oxygen uptake rate profiles derived from parallel batch experiments. Activated sludge modeling results indicated inhibitory impact of tetracycline on the growth of nitrifiers with a significant increase of the half saturation coefficients in corresponding rate equations. Tetracycline also inactivated biomass components of the enriched culture at a gradually increasing rate with time of exposure, leading to total collapse of nitrification. Molecular analyses revealed significant changes in the composition of the microbial community throughout the observation period. They also showed that continuous exposure to tetracycline inflicted significant reduction in amoA mRNA and 16S rRNA levels directly affecting nitrification. The chronic impact was much more pronounced on the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) community. These observations explained the basis of numerical changes identified in the growth kinetics of nitrifiers under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Katipoglu-Yazan
- Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey; Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, CNRS, 15 Avenue du Charmois, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Christophe Merlin
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, CNRS, 15 Avenue du Charmois, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Marie-Noëlle Pons
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, UMR 7274, CNRS, 1 rue Grandville, France.
| | - Emine Ubay-Cokgor
- Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Derin Orhon
- Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey; ENVIS Energy and Environmental Systems R&D Ltd, İTU Arı Teknokent, Arı 1 Building No.16, Maslak 34469, Turkey.
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18
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Katipoglu-Yazan T, Pala-Ozkok I, Ubay-Cokgor E, Orhon D. Acute impact of tetracycline and erythromycin on the storage mechanism of polyhydroxyalkanoates. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Katipoglu-Yazan T, Pala-Ozkok I, Ubay-Cokgor E, Orhon D. Acute impact of erythromycin and tetracycline on the kinetics of nitrification and organic carbon removal in mixed microbial culture. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 144:410-419. [PMID: 23892149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.06.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluated acute impact of erythromycin and tetracycline on nitrification and organic carbon removal kinetics in mixed microbial culture. Acclimated biomass was obtained from a fill and draw reactor fed with peptone mixture selected as synthetic substrate and operated at a sludge age of 10 days. Acute inhibition was tested in batch reactors involving a control unit started solely with substrate and the others with additional doses of each antibiotic. Modeling indicated that both steps of nitrification were totally blocked by erythromycin. Tetracycline inhibited and retarded nitrification kinetics at 50 mg/L and stopped nitrite oxidation at 200 mg/L, leading to nitrite accumulation. Both antibiotics also affected organic carbon removal by inducing partial inactivation of the heterotrophic community in the culture, increased substrate storage and accelerated endogenous respiration, with a relatively slight impact on heterotrophic growth. Major inhibitory effect was on process stoichiometry, leading to partial utilization of organic substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Katipoglu-Yazan
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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