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Li T, Peng H, He B, Hu C, Zhang H, Li Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Bakr MMA, Zhou M, Peng L, Kang H. Cellulose de-polymerization is selective for bioethanol refinery and multi-functional biochar assembly using brittle stalk of corn mutant. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130448. [PMID: 38428756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
As lignocellulose recalcitrance principally restricts for a cost-effective conversion into biofuels and bioproducts, this study re-selected the brittle stalk of corn mutant by MuDR-transposon insertion, and detected much reduced cellulose polymerization and crystallinity. Using recyclable CaO chemical for biomass pretreatment, we determined a consistently enhanced enzymatic saccharification of pretreated corn brittle stalk for higher-yield bioethanol conversion. Furthermore, the enzyme-undigestible lignocellulose was treated with two-step thermal-chemical processes via FeCl2 catalysis and KOH activation to generate the biochar with significantly raised adsorption capacities with two industry dyes (methylene blue and Congo red). However, the desirable biochar was attained from one-step KOH treatment with the entire brittle stalk, which was characterized as the highly-porous nanocarbon that is of the largest specific surface area at 1697.34 m2/g and 2-fold higher dyes adsorption. Notably, this nanocarbon enabled to eliminate the most toxic compounds released from CaO pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, and also showed much improved electrochemical performance with specific capacitance at 205 F/g. Hence, this work has raised a mechanism model to interpret how the recalcitrance-reduced lignocellulose is convertible for high-yield bioethanol and multiple-function biochar with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Boyang He
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cuiyun Hu
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huiyi Zhang
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yunong Li
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mahmoud M A Bakr
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - Mengzhou Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Heng Kang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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2
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Li J, Zhao P, Zhao L, Chen Q, Nong S, Li Q, Wang L. Integrated VIS/NIR Spectrum and Genome-Wide Association Study for Genetic Dissection of Cellulose Crystallinity in Wheat Stems. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3028. [PMID: 38474272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellulose crystallinity is a crucial factor influencing stem strength and, consequently, wheat lodging. However, the genetic dissection of cellulose crystallinity is less reported due to the difficulty of its measurement. In this study, VIS/NIR spectra and cellulose crystallinity were measured for a wheat accession panel with diverse genetic backgrounds. We developed a reliable VIS/NIR model for cellulose crystallinity with a high determination coefficient (R2) (0.95) and residual prediction deviation (RPD) (4.04), enabling the rapid screening of wheat samples. A GWAS of the cellulose crystallinity in 326 wheat accessions revealed 14 significant SNPs and 13 QTLs. Two candidate genes, TraesCS4B03G0029800 and TraesCS5B03G1085500, were identified. In summary, this study establishes an efficient method for the measurement of cellulose crystallinity in wheat stems and provides a genetic basis for enhancing lodging resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Li
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Peimin Zhao
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shikun Nong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lingqiang Wang
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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3
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Jiang B, Shen F, Jiang Y, Huang M, Zhao L, Lei Y, Hu J, Tian D, Shen F. Extraction of super high-yield lignin-carbohydrate complexes from rice straw without compromising cellulose hydrolysis. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121452. [PMID: 37940260 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC) that exhibit both structural advantages of lignin and carbohydrates are promising amphiphilic biopolymers, but the extraction is challenged by its liable chemical bond cleavage between lignin and carbohydrates. This work proposed a facile chemical route to integrating the production of water-insoluble (WIS LCC) and water-soluble LCC (WS LCC) into the emerging deep eutectic solvent (DES) biorefinery at mild conditions. The tailored mechanochemical fractionation process of ball milling assisted aqueous alkaline DES could extract 24.2 % LCC in total, with the co-production of a highly hydrolysable cellulose fraction (98.7 % glucose conversion). The resulting LCC exhibited considerably high contents of β-O-4, phenyl glycoside, and ferulic acid linkage bonds. When 100 g starting straw was subjected to this technique route, 9.1 g WIS LCC, 15.1 g WS LCC and 45.5 g glucose were cascaded produced. It was proposed that the selective disruption of hydrogen bonding entangled network and the quasi-state dissolution of the whole biomass allowed the subsequent cascade fractionation of WIS LCC, WS LCC and highly hydrolysable cellulose through solution property adjustment. This work showed a promising approach for LCC production with high yield without compromising cellulose conversion potential, which has been challenging in the current lignocellulose biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiheng Jiang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Feiyue Shen
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yuehan Jiang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Mei Huang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yongjia Lei
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Dong Tian
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.
| | - Fei Shen
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.
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4
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Xue H, Qin R, Liu Y, Yuan L, Li G. An aggregated understanding of the influence of aqueous ammonia pretreatment on the physical deconstruction of cell walls in sugar beet pulp. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1427-1435. [PMID: 37490146 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The underlying interplay between physicochemical property and enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose still remains unclear. The impacts of matrix glycan composition of sugar beet pulp (SBP) on physical structure and saccharification efficiency were emphasized. The results showed that aqueous ammonia (AA) pretreatment could remove the non-cellulosic polysaccharides and destroy the linkage between the pectin and lignin. The cellulose supramolecule was changed significantly after AA pretreatment, in terms of the decline in hardness, gumminess, springiness, thickness and degree of polymerization. Furthermore, vascular cell was exposed and degraded. The highest reducing sugar yield of 355.06 mg/g was obtained from the pretreated SBP (80 °C) with enzyme loading of 30 U/g, which was 1.01 times higher than that of the untreated SBP. This research also supported the idea that recognizing and precisely removing the primary epitopes in cell walls might be an ideal strategy to accomplish the improved enzymatic hydrolysis through mild pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Xue
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Renjie Qin
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhua Li
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Dang Z, Wang Y, Wang M, Cao L, Ruan N, Huang Y, Li F, Xu Q, Chen W. The Fragile culm19 (FC19) mutation largely improves plant lodging resistance, biomass saccharification, and cadmium resistance by remodeling cell walls in rice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132020. [PMID: 37429191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall is essential for plant upright growth, biomass saccharification, and stress resistance. Although cell wall modification is suggested as an effective means to increase biomass saccharification, it is a challenge to maintain normal plant growth with improved mechanical strength and stress resistance. Here, we reported two independent fragile culm mutants, fc19-1 and fc19-2, resulting from novel mutations of OsIRX10, produced by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Compared to wild-type, the two mutants exhibited reduced contents of xylose, hemicellulose, and cellulose, and increased arabinose and lignin without significant alteration in levels of pectin and uronic acids. Despite brittleness, the mutants displayed increased breaking force, leading to improved lodging resistance. Furthermore, the altered cell wall and increased biomass porosity in fc19 largely increased biomass saccharification. Notably, the mutants showed enhanced cadmium (Cd) resistance with lower Cd accumulation in roots and shoots. The FC19 mutation impacts transcriptional levels of key genes contributing to Cd uptake, sequestration, and translocation. Moreover, transcriptome analysis revealed that the FC19 mutation resulted in alterations of genes mainly involved in carbohydrate and phenylpropanoid metabolism. Therefore, a hypothetic model was proposed to elucidate that the FC19 mutation-mediated cell wall remodeling leads to improvements in lodging resistance, biomass saccharification, and Cd resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Dang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Meihan Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Liyu Cao
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Nan Ruan
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuwei Huang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Fengcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Quan Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
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6
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Single-molecular insights into the breakpoint of cellulose nanofibers assembly during saccharification. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1100. [PMID: 36841862 PMCID: PMC9968341 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cellulose microfibrils are increasingly employed to produce functional nanofibers and nanocrystals for biomaterials, but their catalytic formation and conversion mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we characterize length-reduced cellulose nanofibers assembly in situ accounting for the high density of amorphous cellulose regions in the natural rice fragile culm 16 (Osfc16) mutant defective in cellulose biosynthesis using both classic and advanced atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques equipped with a single-molecular recognition system. By employing individual types of cellulases, we observe efficient enzymatic catalysis modes in the mutant, due to amorphous and inner-broken cellulose chains elevated as breakpoints for initiating and completing cellulose hydrolyses into higher-yield fermentable sugars. Furthermore, effective chemical catalysis mode is examined in vitro for cellulose nanofibers conversion into nanocrystals with reduced dimensions. Our study addresses how plant cellulose substrates are digestible and convertible, revealing a strategy for precise engineering of cellulose substrates toward cost-effective biofuels and high-quality bioproducts.
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7
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Hu Z, Li Q, Chen Y, Li T, Wang Y, Zhang R, Peng H, Wang H, Wang Y, Tang J, Nauman Aftab M, Peng L. Intermittent ultrasound retains cellulases unlock for enhanced cellulosic ethanol with high-porosity biochar for dye adsorption using desirable rice mutant straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128437. [PMID: 36470495 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, optimal ultrasound pretreatment was performed with recalcitrance-reduced rice mutant straw to effectively extract lignin and hemicellulose for improved cellulose accessibility. Intermittent ultrasound-assistant enzymatic hydrolyses were followed to maintain more cellulases unlock and less cellulose surface block with lignin for raised hexose yield at 81 % (% cellulose) and bioethanol concentration at 9.9 g/L, which was higher than those of other mechanical pretreatments as previously conducted. Using all enzyme-undigestible lignocellulose residues, this work generated the biochar with the highest porosity (SBET at 2971 m2/g) among all biomass-based biochar obtained from previous studies. Furthermore, the biochar were respectively examined with high adsorption capacity for Congo red and methylene blue at 7946 mg/g and 861 mg/g. Therefore, this study has demonstrated a green-like process technology for high-yield bioethanol and high-porosity biochar with full biomass utilization by integrating optimal ultrasound pretreatment with intermittent ultrasound-assistant enzymatic hydrolyses of recalcitrance-reduced lignocellulose in crop straws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Hu
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qian Li
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tianqi Li
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Youmei Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hailang Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | | | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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8
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Ahmad F, Yang G, Zhu Y, Poulsen M, Li W, Yu T, Mo J. Tripartite Symbiotic Digestion of Lignocellulose in the Digestive System of a Fungus-Growing Termite. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0123422. [PMID: 36250871 PMCID: PMC9769757 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01234-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungus-growing termites are efficient in degrading and digesting plant substrates, achieved through the engagement of symbiotic gut microbiota and lignocellulolytic Termitomyces fungi cultivated for protein-rich food. Insights into where specific plant biomass components are targeted during the decomposition process are sparse. In this study, we performed several analytical approaches on the fate of plant biomass components and did amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to investigate the lignocellulose digestion in the symbiotic system of the fungus-growing termite Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki) and to compare bacterial communities across the different stages in the degradation process. We observed a gradual reduction of lignocellulose components throughout the process. Our findings support that the digestive tract of young workers initiates the degradation of lignocellulose but leaves most of the lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose, which enters the fresh fungus comb, where decomposition primarily occurs. We found a high diversity and quantity of monomeric sugars in older parts of the fungus comb, indicating that the decomposition of lignocellulose enriches the old comb with sugars that can be utilized by Termitomyces and termite workers. Amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed clear differences in community composition associated with the different stages of plant biomass decomposition which could work synergistically with Termitomyces to shape the digestion process. IMPORTANCE Fungus-farming termites have a mutualist association with fungi of the genus Termitomyces and gut microbiota to support the nearly complete decomposition of lignocellulose to gain access to nutrients. This elaborate strategy of plant biomass digestion makes them ecologically successful dominant decomposers in (sub)tropical Old World ecosystems. We employed acid detergent fiber analysis, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS), and amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to examine which lignocellulose components were digested and which bacteria were abundant throughout the decomposition process. Our findings suggest that although the first gut passage initiates lignocellulose digestion, the most prominent decomposition occurs within the fungus comb. Moreover, distinct bacterial communities were associated with different stages of decomposition, potentially contributing to the breakdown of particular plant components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Ahmad
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Entomology Section, Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
- Entomology Section, Central Cotton Research Institute, Sakrand, Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Guiying Yang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaning Zhu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Michael Poulsen
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen East, Denmark
| | - Wuhan Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Yu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianchu Mo
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Effects of Biochar and Nitrogen Application on Rice Biomass Saccharification, Bioethanol Yield and Cell Wall Polymers Features. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113635. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is a major food crop that produces abundant biomass wastes for biofuels. To improve rice biomass and yield, nitrogen (N) fertilizer is excessively used, which is not eco-friendly. Alternatively, biochar (B) application is favored to improve rice biomass and yield under low chemical fertilizers. To minimize the reliance on N fertilizer, we applied four B levels (0, 10, 20, and 30 t B ha−1) combined with two N rates (low-135 and high-180 kg ha−1) to improve biomass yield. Results showed that compared to control, the combined B at 20–30 t ha−1 with low N application significantly improved plant dry matter and arabinose (Ara%), while decreasing cellulose crystallinity (Crl), degree of polymerization (DP), and the ratio of xylose/arabinose (Xyl/Ara), resulting in high hexoses (% cellulose) and bioethanol yield (% dry matter). We concluded that B coupled with N can alter cell wall polymer features in paddy rice resulting in high biomass saccharification and bioethanol production.
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10
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Kashcheyeva EI, Gismatulina YA, Mironova GF, Gladysheva EK, Budaeva VV, Skiba EA, Zolotuhin VN, Shavyrkina NA, Kortusov AN, Korchagina AA. Properties and Hydrolysis Behavior of Celluloses of Different Origin. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183899. [PMID: 36146044 PMCID: PMC9502071 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper is a fundamental study on the physicochemical properties and hydrolysis behavior of cellulose samples differing in origin: bacterial, synthetic, and vegetal. Bacterial cellulose was produced by Medusomyces gisevii Sa-12 in an enzymatic hydrolyzate derived from oat-hull pulp. Synthetic cellulose was obtained from an aqueous glucose solution by electropolymerization. Plant-based cellulose was isolated by treatment of Miscanthus sacchariflorus with dilute NaOH and HNO3 solutions. We explored different properties of cellulose samples, such as chemical composition, degree of polymerization (DP), degree of crystallinity (DC), porosity, and reported infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy results. The hydrolysis behavior was most notable dependent on the origin of cellulose. For the bacterial cellulose sample (2010 DP, 90% DC, 89.4% RS yield), the major property affecting the hydrolysis behavior was its unique nanoscale reticulate structure promoting fast penetration of cellulases into the substrate structure. The study on enzymatic hydrolysis showed that the hydrolysis behavior of synthetic and Miscanthus celluloses was most influenced by the substrate properties such as DP, DC and morphological structure. The yield of reducing sugars (RS) by hydrolysis of synthetic cellulose exhibiting a 3140 DP, 80% DC, and highly depolymerization-resistant fibers was 27%. In contrast, the hydrolysis of Miscanthus-derived cellulose with a 1030 DP, 68% DC, and enzyme-accessible fibers provided the highest RS yield of 90%. The other properties examined herein (absence/presence of non-cellulosic impurities, specific surface, pore volume) had no considerable effect on the bioconversion of the cellulosic substrates.
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Ma Y, Chen X, Zahoor Khan M, Xiao J, Liu S, Wang J, Alugongo GM, Cao Z. Biodegradation and hydrolysis of rice straw with corn steep liquor and urea-alkali pretreatment. Front Nutr 2022; 9:989239. [PMID: 35990351 PMCID: PMC9387106 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.989239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study evaluated the corn steep liquor (CSL) and urea-alkali pretreatment effect to enhance biodegradation and hydrolysis of rice straw (RS) by ruminal microbiome. The first used RS (1) without (Con) or with additives of (2) 4% CaO (Ca), (3) 2.5% urea plus 4% CaO (UCa) and (4) 9% corn steep liquor + 2.5% urea + 4% CaO (CUCa), and then the efficacy of CSL plus urea-alkali pretreatment was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, cellulose degree of polymerization and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, results showed that Ca, UCa, and CUCa pretreatment altered the physical and chemical structure of RS. CSL plus Urea-alkali pretreated enhanced microbial colonization by improving the enzymolysis efficiency of RS, and specially induced adhesion of Carnobacterium and Staphylococcus. The CUCa pretreatment could be developed to improve RS nutritional value as forage for ruminants, or as feedstock for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Jianxin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gibson Maswayi Alugongo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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12
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Chen X, Ma Y, Khan MZ, Xiao J, Alugongo GM, Li S, Wang Y, Cao Z. A Combination of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Molasses Improves Fermentation Quality, Chemical Composition, Physicochemical Structure, in vitro Degradability and Rumen Microbiota Colonization of Rice Straw. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:900764. [PMID: 35754539 PMCID: PMC9213808 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.900764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aims to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and LAB-molasses (LAB + M) combination on the fermentation quality, chemical composition, physicochemical properties, in vitro degradability of rice straw and the characteristics of rumen microbial colonization on rice straw surface. Methods and Results There were three pretreatments, including control (not treated, Con), treated with LAB, or LAB + M. The results showed that both LAB and LAB + M treatments altered the physical and chemical structures of rice straw and were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. Moreover, both LAB and LAB + M pretreated rice straw increased the crude protein (CP) content, dry matter (DM) recovery, and in vitro digestibility and decreased the pH value, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents. The LAB + M pretreated rice straw increased the gas production (GP72) and rumen microbial colonization on the rice straw surface. Conclusions It is observed that LAB + M treatment could increase digestibility and the rumen microbial colonization on the rice straw surface. Therefore, LAB + M treatment can provide an alternative strategy to improve the quality of rice straw. Significance and impact of the study: This study provides an optimal pretreatment to improve the rice straw digestibility and rumen microbial colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Jianxin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gibson Maswayi Alugongo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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13
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Nayeri S, Baghban Kohnehrouz B, Ahmadikhah A, Mahna N. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated P-CR domain-specific engineering of CESA4 heterodimerization capacity alters cell wall architecture and improves saccharification efficiency in poplar. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1197-1212. [PMID: 35266285 PMCID: PMC9129088 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant unique biopolymer in nature with widespread applications in bioenergy and high-value bioproducts. The large transmembrane-localized cellulose synthase (CESA) complexes (CSCs) play a pivotal role in the biosynthesis and orientation of the para-crystalline cellulose microfibrils during secondary cell wall (SCW) deposition. However, the hub CESA subunit with high potential homo/heterodimerization capacity and its functional effects on cell wall architecture, cellulose crystallinity, and saccharification efficiency remains unclear. Here, we reported the highly potent binding site containing four residues of Pro435, Trp436, Pro437, and Gly438 in the plant-conserved region (P-CR) of PalCESA4 subunit, which are involved in the CESA4-CESA8 heterodimerization. The CRISPR/Cas9-knockout mutagenesis in the predicted binding site results in physiological abnormalities, stunt growth, and deficient roots. The homozygous double substitution of W436Q and P437S and heterozygous double deletions of W436 and P437 residues potentially reduced CESA4-binding affinity resulting in normal roots, 1.5-2-fold higher plant growth and cell wall regeneration rates, 1.7-fold thinner cell wall, high hemicellulose content, 37%-67% decrease in cellulose content, high cellulose DP, 25%-37% decrease in cellulose crystallinity, and 50% increase in saccharification efficiency. The heterozygous deletion of W436 increases about 2-fold CESA4 homo/heterodimerization capacity led to the 50% decrease in plant growth and increase in cell walls thickness, cellulose content (33%), cellulose DP (20%), and CrI (8%). Our findings provide a strategy for introducing commercial CRISPR/Cas9-mediated bioengineered poplars with promising cellulose applications. We anticipate our results could create an engineering revolution in bioenergy and cellulose-based nanomaterial technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnoush Nayeri
- Department of Plant Sciences and BiotechnologyFaculty of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Asadollah Ahmadikhah
- Department of Plant Sciences and BiotechnologyFaculty of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | - Nasser Mahna
- Department of Horticultural SciencesFaculty of AgricultureUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
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14
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Zhou M, Tian X. Development of different pretreatments and related technologies for efficient biomass conversion of lignocellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:256-268. [PMID: 35032493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulose, a kind of biological resource widely existing in nature, which can be transformed into value-added biochemical products through saccharification, fermentation or chemical catalysis. Pretreatments are the necessary step to increase the accessibility and digestibility of lignocellulose. This paper comprehensively reviewed different pretreatment progress of lignocellulose in recent year, including mechanical/thermal, biological, inorganic solvent, organic solvent and unconventional physical-chemical pretreatments, focusing on quantifying the influence of pretreatments on subsequent biomass conversion. In addition, related pretreatment techniques such as genetic engineering, reactor configurations, downstream process and visualization technology of pretreatment were discussed. Finally, this review presented the challenge of lignocellulose pretreatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjun Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Hassan ESRE, Mutelet F. Evaluation of miscanthus pretreatment effect by Choline chloride based Deep Eutectic solvents on bioethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126460. [PMID: 34863844 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluates the efficiency of three deep eutectic solvents constituted of choline chloride and urea or glycerol or ethylene glycol in the pretreatment of the miscanthus in view of extracting cellulose. Analysis of experiments shows that basicity and polarity of the hydrogen bond donor of these DESs are directly related to the miscanthus solubility. The best efficient process was found using {Choline chloride/glycerol} mixture for the pretreatment at a temperature of 373 K and a duration of about 6 h. This may be explained by the fact that {Choline chloride/glycerol} pretreatment allows to obtain an amorphous cellulose. {Choline chloride/glycerol} was as efficiently as IL pretreatments with an ethanol production of about 72%. This study shows that Choline chloride based DESs pretreatment for biomass could be a key point to enhance the efficiency of biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed R E Hassan
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (UMR CNRS 7274), Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France; Minerals Beneficiation and Agglomeration Department, Minerals Technology Division, Central Metallurgical Research & Development Institute, P.O. Box 87 Helwan, 11722 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fabrice Mutelet
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (UMR CNRS 7274), Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France.
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16
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Wu L, Zhang M, Zhang R, Yu H, Wang H, Li J, Wang Y, Hu Z, Wang Y, Luo Z, Li L, Wang L, Peng L, Xia T. Down-regulation of OsMYB103L distinctively alters beta-1,4-glucan polymerization and cellulose microfibers assembly for enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification in rice. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:245. [PMID: 34961560 PMCID: PMC8713402 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a major component of plant cell walls, cellulose provides the most abundant biomass resource convertible for biofuels. Since cellulose crystallinity and polymerization have been characterized as two major features accounting for lignocellulose recalcitrance against biomass enzymatic saccharification, genetic engineering of cellulose biosynthesis is increasingly considered as a promising solution in bioenergy crops. Although several transcription factors have been identified to regulate cellulose biosynthesis and plant cell wall formation, much remains unknown about its potential roles for genetic improvement of lignocellulose recalcitrance. RESULTS In this study, we identified a novel rice mutant (Osfc9/myb103) encoded a R2R3-MYB transcription factor, and meanwhile generated OsMYB103L-RNAi-silenced transgenic lines. We determined significantly reduced cellulose levels with other major wall polymers (hemicellulose, lignin) slightly altered in mature rice straws of the myb103 mutant and RNAi line, compared to their wild type (NPB). Notably, the rice mutant and RNAi line were of significantly reduced cellulose features (crystalline index/CrI, degree of polymerization/DP) and distinct cellulose nanofibers assembly. These alterations consequently improved lignocellulose recalcitrance for significantly enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification by 10-28% at p < 0.01 levels (n = 3) after liquid hot water and chemical (1% H2SO4, 1% NaOH) pretreatments with mature rice straws. In addition, integrated RNA sequencing with DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) analyses revealed that the OsMYB103L might specifically mediate cellulose biosynthesis and deposition by regulating OsCesAs and other genes associated with microfibril assembly. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated that down-regulation of OsMYB103L could specifically improve cellulose features and cellulose nanofibers assembly to significantly enhance biomass enzymatic saccharification under green-like and mild chemical pretreatments in rice. It has not only indicated a powerful strategy for genetic modification of plant cell walls in bioenergy crops, but also provided insights into transcriptional regulation of cellulose biosynthesis in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiming Wu
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang, China
- College of Life Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Haizhong Yu
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Hailang Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 570102, China
| | - Youmei Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Zi Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingqiang Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering & Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts & Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- College of Life Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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17
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Hu Z, Wang Y, Liu J, Li Y, Wang Y, Huang J, Ai Y, Chen P, He Y, Aftab MN, Wang L, Peng L. Integrated NIRS and QTL assays reveal minor mannose and galactose as contrast lignocellulose factors for biomass enzymatic saccharification in rice. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:144. [PMID: 34174936 PMCID: PMC8235839 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying lignocellulose recalcitrant factors and exploring their genetic properties are essential for enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification in bioenergy crops. Despite genetic modification of major wall polymers has been implemented for reduced recalcitrance in engineered crops, it could most cause a penalty of plant growth and biomass yield. Alternatively, it is increasingly considered to improve minor wall components, but an applicable approach is required for efficient assay of large population of biomass samples. Hence, this study collected total of 100 rice straw samples and characterized all minor wall monosaccharides and biomass enzymatic saccharification by integrating NIRS modeling and QTL profiling. RESULTS By performing classic chemical analyses and establishing optimal NIRS equations, this study examined four minor wall monosaccharides and major wall polymers (acid-soluble lignin/ASL, acid-insoluble lignin/AIL, three lignin monomers, crystalline cellulose), which led to largely varied hexoses yields achieved from enzymatic hydrolyses after two alkali pretreatments were conducted with large population of rice straws. Correlation analyses indicated that mannose and galactose can play a contrast role for biomass enzymatic saccharification at P < 0.0 l level (n = 100). Meanwhile, we found that the QTLs controlling mannose, galactose, lignin-related traits, and biomass saccharification were co-located. By combining NIRS assay with QTLs maps, this study further interpreted that the mannose-rich hemicellulose may assist AIL disassociation for enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification, whereas the galactose-rich polysaccharides should be effectively extracted with ASL from the alkali pretreatment for condensed AIL association with cellulose microfibrils. CONCLUSIONS By integrating NIRS assay with QTL profiling for large population of rice straw samples, this study has identified that the mannose content of wall polysaccharides could positively affect biomass enzymatic saccharification, while the galactose had a significantly negative impact. It has also sorted out that two minor monosaccharides could distinctively associate with lignin deposition for wall network construction. Hence, this study demonstrates an applicable approach for fast assessments of minor lignocellulose recalcitrant factors and biomass enzymatic saccharification in rice, providing a potential strategy for bioenergy crop breeding and biomass processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Hu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering and, Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Youmei Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering and, Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jingyuan Liu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering and, Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering and, Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering and, Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yuanhang Ai
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering and, Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering and, Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | | | - Lingqiang Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Laboratory of Biomass Engineering and, Nanomaterial Application in Automobiles, College of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China.
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18
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Li X, Ma F, Liang C, Wang M, Zhang Y, Shen Y, Adnan M, Lu P, Khan MT, Huang J, Zhang M. Precise high-throughput online near-infrared spectroscopy assay to determine key cell wall features associated with sugarcane bagasse digestibility. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:123. [PMID: 34051834 PMCID: PMC8164326 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugarcane is one of the most crucial energy crops that produces high yields of sugar and lignocellulose. The cellulose crystallinity index (CrI) and lignin are the two kinds of key cell wall features that account for lignocellulose saccharification. Therefore, high-throughput screening of sugarcane germplasm with excellent cell wall features is considered a promising strategy to enhance bagasse digestibility. Recently, there has been research to explore near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) assays for the characterization of the corresponding wall features. However, due to the technical barriers of the offline strategy, it is difficult to apply for high-throughput real-time analyses. This study was therefore initiated to develop a high-throughput online NIRS assay to rapidly detect cellulose crystallinity, lignin content, and their related proportions in sugarcane, aiming to provide an efficient and feasible method for sugarcane cell wall feature evaluation. RESULTS A total of 838 different sugarcane genotypes were collected at different growth stages during 2018 and 2019. A continuous variation distribution of the near-infrared spectrum was observed among these collections. Due to the very large diversity of CrI and lignin contents detected in the collected sugarcane samples, seven high-quality calibration models were developed through online NIRS calibration. All of the generated equations displayed coefficient of determination (R2) values greater than 0.8 and high ratio performance deviation (RPD) values of over 2.0 in calibration, internal cross-validation, and external validation. Remarkably, the equations for CrI and total lignin content exhibited RPD values as high as 2.56 and 2.55, respectively, indicating their excellent prediction capacity. An offline NIRS assay was also performed. Comparable calibration was observed between the offline and online NIRS analyses, suggesting that both strategies would be applicable to estimate cell wall characteristics. Nevertheless, as online NIRS assays offer tremendous advantages for large-scale real-time screening applications, it could be implied that they are a better option for high-throughput cell wall feature prediction. CONCLUSIONS This study, as an initial attempt, explored an online NIRS assay for the high-throughput assessment of key cell wall features in terms of CrI, lignin content, and their proportion in sugarcane. Consistent and precise calibration results were obtained with NIRS modeling, insinuating this strategy as a reliable approach for the large-scale screening of promising sugarcane germplasm for cell wall structure improvement and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Fumin Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Chengping Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Maoyao Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yufei Shen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Pan Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Muhammad Tahir Khan
- Sugarcane Biotechnology Group, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA), Tando Jam, Pakistan
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Muqing Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Sugar Industry Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China.
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19
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Breeding Targets to Improve Biomass Quality in Miscanthus. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020254. [PMID: 33419100 PMCID: PMC7825460 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic crops are attractive bioresources for energy and chemicals production within a sustainable, carbon circular society. Miscanthus is one of the perennial grasses that exhibits great potential as a dedicated feedstock for conversion to biobased products in integrated biorefineries. The current biorefinery strategies are primarily focused on polysaccharide valorization and require severe pretreatments to overcome the lignin barrier. The need for such pretreatments represents an economic burden and impacts the overall sustainability of the biorefinery. Hence, increasing its efficiency has been a topic of great interest. Inversely, though pretreatment will remain an essential step, there is room to reduce its severity by optimizing the biomass composition rendering it more exploitable. Extensive studies have examined the miscanthus cell wall structures in great detail, and pinpointed those components that affect biomass digestibility under various pretreatments. Although lignin content has been identified as the most important factor limiting cell wall deconstruction, the effect of polysaccharides and interaction between the different constituents play an important role as well. The natural variation that is available within different miscanthus species and increased understanding of biosynthetic cell wall pathways have specified the potential to create novel accessions with improved digestibility through breeding or genetic modification. This review discusses the contribution of the main cell wall components on biomass degradation in relation to hydrothermal, dilute acid and alkaline pretreatments. Furthermore, traits worth advancing through breeding will be discussed in light of past, present and future breeding efforts.
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Zhou X, Xu Z, He J, Li Y, Pan C, Wang C, Deng MR, Zhu H. A myxobacterial LPMO10 has oxidizing cellulose activity for promoting biomass enzymatic saccharification of agricultural crop straws. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124217. [PMID: 33096440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Myxobacteria are soil microorganisms with the ability to break down biological macromolecules due to the secretion of a large number of extracellular enzymes, but there has been no research report on myxobacterial lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs). In this study, two LPMO10s, ViLPMO10A and ViLPMO10B, from myxobacterium Vitiosangium sp. GDMCC 1.1324 were characterized. Of which, ViLPMO10B is a C1-oxidizing cellulose-active LPMO. Moreover, ViLPMO10B could decrease the degree of polymerization of crop straws cellulose and synergize with commercial cellulase to promote the saccharification. When the weight ratio of commercial cellulase to ViLPMO10B was 9:1, the conversion efficiency of corn stalk, sugarcane bagasse, and rice straw into reducing sugar was improved by 17%, 16%, and 22%, respectively, compared with commercial cellulase without ViLPMO10B. These results indicate that ViLPMO10B has the potential to be a component of a high-efficient cellulase cocktail and has application value in the saccharification of agricultural residual biomasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jia He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yueqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Chengxiang Pan
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Ming-Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Honghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
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Liu S, Tang Y, Ruan N, Dang Z, Huang Y, Miao W, Xu Z, Li F. The Rice BZ1 Locus Is Required for Glycosylation of Arabinogalactan Proteins and Galactolipid and Plays a Role in both Mechanical Strength and Leaf Color. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:41. [PMID: 32556633 PMCID: PMC7300173 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cell wall and chloroplast are two fundamental structures determining plant mechanical strength and grain yield. Therefore, understanding mechanisms that improve plants' ability to develop a robust cell wall and well-developed chloroplast is of utmost importance for agricultural activities. RESULTS In this study, we report the functional characterization of a novel rice mutant, brittle stem and zebra leaf (bz1), which displays altered cell wall composition and collapsed chloroplast membrane. Molecular and biochemical analysis revealed that BZ1 encodes a functional UDP-galactose/glucose epimerase (UGE) and is ubiquitously expressed with higher expression in stem and leaf tissues. Multiple techniques analyses, including immunoblots, immuno-gold, and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy, demonstrated a significantly impaired glycosylation of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and disordered cellulose microfibril deposition in bz1. Lipid profiling assay showed that the amount of monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG), a major chloroplast membrane glycolipid, was significantly decreased in bz1. Taken together, these results strongly demonstrate that BZ1 participates in UDP-galactose supply for the sugar chains biosynthesis of AGPs and MGDG, which thereby, respectively, results in altered cell wall and abnormal chloroplast development. Due to inferior mechanical strength and reduced photosynthesis, bz1 plants displayed detrimental agronomic traits, whereas BZ1 overexpressing lines showed enhanced plant growth. Transcriptome analysis of stems and leaves further showed that numerous key genes involved in AGPs biosynthesis and photosynthesis metabolism were substantially suppressed in bz1. CONCLUSIONS Our finding identifies BZ1 as a dual-targeting UGE protein for glycosylation of AGPs and MGDG and suggests a strategy for breeding robust elite crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yijun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhengjun Dang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhengjin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
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Zhang R, Hu H, Wang Y, Hu Z, Ren S, Li J, He B, Wang Y, Xia T, Chen P, Xie G, Peng L. A novel rice fragile culm 24 mutant encodes a UDP-glucose epimerase that affects cell wall properties and photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2956-2969. [PMID: 32064495 PMCID: PMC7260720 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
UDP-glucose epimerases (UGEs) are essential enzymes for catalysing the conversion of UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc) into UDP-galactose (UDP-Gal). Although UDP-Gal has been well studied as the substrate for the biosynthesis of carbohydrates, glycolipids, and glycoproteins, much remains unknown about the biological function of UGEs in plants. In this study, we selected a novel rice fragile culm 24 (Osfc24) mutant and identified it as a nonsense mutation of the FC24/OsUGE2 gene. The Osfc24 mutant shows a brittleness phenotype with significantly altered cell wall composition and disrupted orientation of the cellulose microfibrils. We found significantly reduced accumulation of arabinogalactan proteins in the cell walls of the mutant, which may consequently affect plant growth and cell wall deposition, and be responsible for the altered cellulose microfibril orientation. The mutant exhibits dwarfism and paler leaves with significantly decreased contents of galactolipids and chlorophyll, resulting in defects in plant photosynthesis. Based on our results, we propose a model for how OsUGE2 participates in two distinct metabolic pathways to co-modulate cellulose biosynthesis and cell wall assembly by dynamically providing UDP-Gal and UDP-Glc substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huizhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Youmei Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuangfeng Ren
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Boyang He
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guosheng Xie
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Correspondence:
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Sato-Izawa K, Nakamura SI, Matsumoto T. Mutation of rice bc1 gene affects internode elongation and induces delayed cell wall deposition in developing internodes. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1749786. [PMID: 32299283 PMCID: PMC7238885 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1749786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A rice COBRA-like gene, BRITTLE CULM1 (BC1) has been shown to be involved in assembling cell wall components and cellulose crystallinity, which determines mechanical strength in above ground organs. However, the detailed roles of BC1 in rice development are poorly understood. In this study, we found that, unlike the known brittle culm mutants, the internode length of the bc1 mutant was ~1.27 times longer than that of wild type in rice. In order to analyze the effects of bc1 mutation on internode development, we compared the deposition of cell wall components among each developmental stage of the elongating second internodes from wild type, Kinmaze, and the bc1 mutant. In wild type, histochemical observations of lignin revealed that lignin deposition was gradually increased after the cell elongation stage of the internodes. Cellulose and p-coumaric acid (pCA) content also gradually increased along with the progress of the developmental stage. The ferulic acid (FA) content rapidly increased in the cell elongation stage and decreased at the late secondary cell wall formation stage. In the bc1 mutant, the contents of cell wall components were lower than those of wild type from the cell elongation stage, in which the BC1 started to express at this stage in wild type. In the bc1 mutant, the deposition patterns of cell wall components, especially phenolic components including lignin, pCA, and FA, were delayed compared with those of wild type. These results suggest that the BC1 gene plays a role in synthesizing appropriate cell walls at each stage in the developing internode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanna Sato-Izawa
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Nakamura
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Increase of Miscanthus Cultivation with New Roles in Materials Production—A Review. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent changes in the EU green aims can help to overcome economic obstacles in the slow upscaling of Miscanthus cultivation. Using Miscanthus can permanently fix CO
2
within building materials thereby aiding the EU climate goals with the increased use of regrowing materials, as well as carbon fixation. Economic obstacles in the slow upscaling of Miscanthus cultivation are targeted by recent changes in the greening aims in the EU. Miscanthus can fulfill a valuable dual function in aiding the EU climate goals by achieving permanent CO
2
fixation within building materials. In contrast to energetic use, persistent applications create stable markets allowing for a reduced risk in the establishment of long term cultured perennial crops. However, the development of different building materials requires an understanding of the combination of the biological and technical aspects. This work presents an overview of the development of the general aspects for the agricultural product Miscanthus and the scientifically reported developments of Miscanthus used as feedstock in polymers, particle boards, and cementitious materials. While the product performance can be evaluated, the understanding of the influence by the input biomass as a main contributor to the product performance needs to be reinforced to be successful with a goal-oriented development of Miscanthus based products. The key feedstock parameters governing the technical performance of the materials are identified and the knowledge gaps are described.
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Wang H, Liu Z, Zheng X, Pan X, Hui L, Li J, Zhang H. Assessment on temperature-pressure severally controlled explosion pretreatment of poplar. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115622. [PMID: 31887866 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, temperature-pressure severally controlled explosion pretreatment (TPE) was proposed to pretreat poplar chips to improve the cellulase hydrolysis yield. In TPE process, native poplar chips (NP) were mixed with steam and N2 under pressure of 2.6, 2.8 and 3.0 MPa at 209 °C for 7 min. Meanwhile, steam explosion (SE) was also used to pretreat poplar chips for comparison at 209 °C (1.9 MPa) for 7 min. Results showed that the contents of hemicellulose and lignin were decreased from 19.4 % to 4.6 % and from 27.8 %-19.5 % with increasing pressure, respectively. For cellulase hydrolysis process, TPE was more advantageous than SE due to lower contents of hemicellulose and lignin, resulting in a higher cellulose conversion (40.7 %) in relation to SE sample (34.9 %). The Langmuir isothermal- type equation expressed the factors related to the hydrolysis capacity, and the results showed that this model can well describe the kinetics of the enzymatic hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xu Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Lanfeng Hui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jingzhi Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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26
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Weidener D, Dama M, Dietrich SK, Ohrem B, Pauly M, Leitner W, Domínguez de María P, Grande PM, Klose H. Multiscale analysis of lignocellulose recalcitrance towards OrganoCat pretreatment and fractionation. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:155. [PMID: 32944071 PMCID: PMC7487623 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomass recalcitrance towards pretreatment and further processing can be related to the compositional and structural features of the biomass. However, the exact role and relative importance to those structural attributes has still to be further evaluated. Herein, ten different types of biomass currently considered to be important raw materials for biorefineries were chosen to be processed by the recently developed, acid-catalyzed OrganoCat pretreatment to produce cellulose-enriched pulp, sugars, and lignin with different amounts and qualities. Using wet chemistry analysis and NMR spectroscopy, the generic factors of lignocellulose recalcitrance towards OrganoCat were determined. RESULTS The different materials were processed applying different conditions (e.g., type of acid catalyst and temperature), and fractions with different qualities were obtained. Raw materials and products were characterized in terms of their compositional and structural features. For the first time, generic correlation coefficients were calculated between the measured chemical and structural features and the different OrganoCat product yields and qualities. Especially lignin-related factors displayed a detrimental role for enzymatic pulp hydrolysis, as well as sugar and lignin yield exhibiting inverse correlation coefficients. Hemicellulose appeared to have less impact, not being as detrimental as lignin factors, but xylan-O-acetylation was inversely correlated with product yield and qualities. CONCLUSION These results illustrate the role of generic features of lignocellulosic recalcitrance towards acidic pretreatments and fractionation, exemplified in the OrganoCat strategy. Discriminating between types of lignocellulosic biomass and highlighting important compositional variables, the improved understanding of how these parameters affect OrganoCat products will ameliorate bioeconomic concepts from agricultural production to chemical products. Herein, a methodological approach is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Weidener
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo- Brandt-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC) C/O Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Murali Dama
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC) C/O Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sabine K. Dietrich
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo- Brandt-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC) C/O Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Benedict Ohrem
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo- Brandt-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC) C/O Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Markus Pauly
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC) C/O Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an Der Ruhr, Germany
| | | | - Philipp M. Grande
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo- Brandt-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC) C/O Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Holger Klose
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo- Brandt-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC) C/O Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Xu N, Liu S, Xin F, Zhou J, Jia H, Xu J, Jiang M, Dong W. Biomethane Production From Lignocellulose: Biomass Recalcitrance and Its Impacts on Anaerobic Digestion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:191. [PMID: 31440504 PMCID: PMC6694284 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion using lignocellulosic material as the substrate is a cost-effective strategy for biomethane production, which provides great potential to convert biomass into renewable energy. However, the recalcitrance of native lignocellulosic biomass makes it resistant to microbial hydrolysis, which reduces the bioconversion efficiency of organic matter into biogas. Therefore, it is necessary to critically investigate the correlation between lignocellulose characteristics and bioconversion efficiency. Accordingly, this review comprehensively summarizes the anaerobic digestion process and rate-limiting step, structural and compositional properties of lignocellulosic biomass, recalcitrance and inhibitors of lignocellulose and their major effects on anaerobic digestion for biomethane production. Moreover, various type of pretreatment strategies applied to lignocellulosic biomass was discussed in detail, which would contribution to cell wall degradation and improvement of biomethane yields. In the view of current knowledge, high energy input and cost requirements are the main limitations of these pretreatment methods. In addition to optimization of fermentation process, further studies should focus much more on key structural influence factors of biomass recalcitrance and anaerobic digestion efficiency, which will contribute to improvement of biomethane production from lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China
| | - Shixun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Honghua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
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Prusov A, Prusova S, Zakharov A, Bazanov A, Ivanov V. Potential of Jerusalem Artichoke Stem for Cellulose Production. EURASIAN CHEMICO-TECHNOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a potential opportunity to convert almost any type of biomass into biofuel and bio- nanomaterials, if the appropriate biotechnological and chemical processing methods are used. The preference for this or that bioresource is due to the stability of the raw material base and the prospect of its use. Jerusalem artichoke stem (Helianthus tuberosus L.) (JA) is widely known as a potential non-food raw material for biofuels due to high biomass extraction (36–49 t/ha (tons per hectare)) and limited cultivation requirements. But little attention is given to study the possibility of using the stems to produce various kinds of cellulose. This article presents samples of cellulose that were obtained from the Jerusalem artichoke stem using mechanical and chemical methods. Cellulose yield from the stem was: cortex 51.1%, pith 65.2% with the α-cellulose content 96–98%. Methods of electron microscopy, atomic absorption, IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, BET for nitrogen adsorption, thermogravimetry were used to study the cortex and the pith of the Jerusalem artichoke stem. Analysis of the cellulose samples confirmed the possibility of obtaining high-quality cellulose.
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Kumar V, Patel SKS, Gupta RK, Otari SV, Gao H, Lee J, Zhang L. Enhanced Saccharification and Fermentation of Rice Straw by Reducing the Concentration of Phenolic Compounds Using an Immobilized Enzyme Cocktail. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800468. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virendra Kumar
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Gutian Edible Fungi Research InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian Province 350002 P. R. China
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Sanjay K. S. Patel
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Rahul K. Gupta
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Sachin V. Otari
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Jung‐Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Liaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Gutian Edible Fungi Research InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian Province 350002 P. R. China
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Li M, Si B, Zhang Y, Watson J, Aierzhati A. Reduce recalcitrance of cornstalk using post-hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 279:57-66. [PMID: 30711753 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) using an acidic catalyst is known to be effective for reducing lignocellulosic biomass recalcitrance. Post-hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater (PHW) from hydrothermal liquefaction of swine manure contains a large fraction of organic acids and thus was introduced to improve the HTP of cornstalk in this study. The response surface methodology was performed to optimize operating parameters of HTP for preserving structural polysaccharides while removing the barrier substances. A remarkable co-extraction of cell wall polymers was observed during PHW-catalyzed HTP at 172 °C for 88 min. The analysis of particle size, crystalline cellulose, the degree of polymerization (DP), mole number (MN) and SEM suggested that the co-extraction effect could distinctively alter lignocellulosic structures associated with recalcitrance and thus accelerate biomass saccharification. Additionally, the biodegradability of PHW was improved after HTP as a result of balanced nutrients and increased acids and sugars suitable for biogas production via anaerobic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Energy R&D Center for Non-Food Biomass, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Buchun Si
- College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yuanhui Zhang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Jamison Watson
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Aersi Aierzhati
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Prusov AN, Prusova SM, Zakharov AG, Ivanov VK, Bazanov AV. SnO2@MCC and SnO2@C Composites: Synthesis and Properties. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s003602361904017x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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32
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Alam A, Zhang R, Liu P, Huang J, Wang Y, Hu Z, Madadi M, Sun D, Hu R, Ragauskas AJ, Tu Y, Peng L. A finalized determinant for complete lignocellulose enzymatic saccharification potential to maximize bioethanol production in bioenergy Miscanthus. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:99. [PMID: 31057665 PMCID: PMC6486690 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miscanthus is a leading bioenergy crop with enormous lignocellulose production potential for biofuels and chemicals. However, lignocellulose recalcitrance leads to biomass process difficulty for an efficient bioethanol production. Hence, it becomes essential to identify the integrative impact of lignocellulose recalcitrant factors on cellulose accessibility for biomass enzymatic hydrolysis. In this study, we analyzed four typical pairs of Miscanthus accessions that showed distinct cell wall compositions and sorted out three major factors that affected biomass saccharification for maximum bioethanol production. RESULTS Among the three optimal (i.e., liquid hot water, H2SO4 and NaOH) pretreatments performed, mild alkali pretreatment (4% NaOH at 50 °C) led to almost complete biomass saccharification when 1% Tween-80 was co-supplied into enzymatic hydrolysis in the desirable Miscanthus accessions. Consequently, the highest bioethanol yields were obtained at 19% (% dry matter) from yeast fermentation, with much higher sugar-ethanol conversion rates by 94-98%, compared to the other Miscanthus species subjected to stronger pretreatments as reported in previous studies. By comparison, three optimized pretreatments distinctively extracted wall polymers and specifically altered polymer features and inter-linkage styles, but the alkali pretreatment caused much increased biomass porosity than that of the other pretreatments. Based on integrative analyses, excellent equations were generated to precisely estimate hexoses and ethanol yields under various pretreatments and a hypothetical model was proposed to outline an integrative impact on biomass saccharification and bioethanol production subjective to a predominate factor (CR stain) of biomass porosity and four additional minor factors (DY stain, cellulose DP, hemicellulose X/A, lignin G-monomer). CONCLUSION Using four pairs of Miscanthus samples with distinct cell wall composition and varied biomass saccharification, this study has determined three main factors of lignocellulose recalcitrance that could be significantly reduced for much-increased biomass porosity upon optimal pretreatments. It has also established a novel standard that should be applicable to judge any types of biomass process technology for high biofuel production in distinct lignocellulose substrates. Hence, this study provides a potential strategy for precise genetic modification of lignocellulose in all bioenergy crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Alam
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Peng Liu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Meysam Madadi
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Dan Sun
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Ruofei Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053 China
| | - Arthur J. Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200 USA
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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Huang J, Xia T, Li G, Li X, Li Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Xie G, Bai FW, Peng L, Wang L. Overproduction of native endo-β-1,4-glucanases leads to largely enhanced biomass saccharification and bioethanol production by specific modification of cellulose features in transgenic rice. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:11. [PMID: 30636971 PMCID: PMC6325865 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1351-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic modification of plant cell walls has been implemented to reduce lignocellulosic recalcitrance for biofuel production. Plant glycoside hydrolase family 9 (GH9) comprises endo-β-1,4-glucanase in plants. Few studies have examined the roles of GH9 in cell wall modification. In this study, we independently overexpressed two genes from GH9B subclasses (OsGH9B1 and OsGH9B3) and examined cell wall features and biomass saccharification in transgenic rice plants. RESULTS Compared with the wild type (WT, Nipponbare), the OsGH9B1 and OsGH9B3 transgenic rice plants, respectively, contained much higher OsGH9B1 and OsGH9B3 protein levels and both proteins were observed in situ with nonspecific distribution in the plant cells. The transgenic lines exhibited significantly increased cellulase activity in vitro than the WT. The OsGH9B1 and OsGH9B3 transgenic plants showed a slight alteration in three wall polymer compositions (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin), in their stem mechanical strength and biomass yield, but were significantly decreased in the cellulose degree of polymerization (DP) and lignocellulose crystalline index (CrI) by 21-22%. Notably, the crude cellulose substrates of the transgenic lines were more efficiently digested by cellobiohydrolase (CBHI) than those of the WT, indicating the significantly increased amounts of reducing ends of β-1,4-glucans in cellulose microfibrils. Finally, the engineered lines generated high sugar yields after mild alkali pretreatments and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis, resulting in the high bioethanol yields obtained at 22.5% of dry matter. CONCLUSIONS Overproduction of OsGH9B1/B3 enzymes should have specific activity in the postmodification of cellulose microfibrils. The increased reducing ends of β-1,4-glucan chains for reduced cellulose DP and CrI positively affected biomass enzymatic saccharification. Our results demonstrate a potential strategy for genetic modification of cellulose microfibrils in bioenergy crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfeng Huang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070 China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Tao Xia
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Guanhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070 China
| | - Xianliang Li
- College of Bioengineering, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, 448000 China
| | - Ying Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Youmei Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Guosheng Xie
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Feng-Wu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Lingqiang Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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Huang C, Ma J, Liang C, Li X, Yong Q. Influence of sulfur dioxide-ethanol-water pretreatment on the physicochemical properties and enzymatic digestibility of bamboo residues. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 263:17-24. [PMID: 29723845 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
SO2-ethanol-water (SEW) is a promising pretreatment for improving enzymatic digestibility of biomass through simultaneously removing hemicellulose and lignin. In this work, SEW pretreatment was performed at different cooking times (10 min-60 min) and different SO2 concentrations (0.5%-2%) to produce pretreated bamboo residues for enzymatic hydrolysis. Meanwhile, physicochemical features of the residual cellulose and lignin were analyzed to better understand how SEW improves enzymatic digestibility. Under optimized SEW pretreatment condition (1% SO2 concentration, 150 °C, 60 min), 81.7% of xylan and 80.3% of lignin were solubilized, along with 89.1% of cellulose preserved in pretreated solid. A good enzymatic digestibility (80.4%) was achieved at optimum SEW condition. Several compelling correlations (R2 > 0.7) were observable between enzymatic digestibility and physicochemical features, demonstrating the importance of SEW pretreatment abilities of hemicellulose and lignin removal, reducing cellulose's degree of polymerization, and improving the amount of sulfonyl groups imparted to the original lignin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Junmei Ma
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xi Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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35
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Cheng S, Yu H, Hu M, Wu Y, Cheng L, Cai Q, Tu Y, Xia T, Peng L. Miscanthus accessions distinctively accumulate cadmium for largely enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification by increasing hemicellulose and pectin and reducing cellulose CrI and DP. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 263:67-74. [PMID: 29730520 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, total eight distinct Miscanthus accessions were collected from the cadmium (Cd)-supplied soil pots, and mild alkali pretreatments (0.5%, 1% NaOH) were then performed to enhance biomass enzymatic saccharification. Due to large Cd accumulation, all Miscanthus accessions showed significantly reduced cellulose levels and features (CrI, DP) with much increased hemicellulose and pectin contents in the mature stems. Under mild alkali pretreatments, all Miscanthus samples exhibited largely increased hexoses yields released from enzymatic hydrolysis, and one desirable accession had an almost complete biomass saccharification with the hexoses yield at 100% (% cellulose). Notably, the biomass residues remained from enzymatic hydrolysis upon 1% NaOH pretreatment could absorb 73-96% Cd (% of total), suggesting an applicable approach for Cd phyto-remediation. Hence, a hypothetic model was proposed to elucidate that the enhanced biomass saccharification should be mainly due to much reduced cellulose CrI and DP in the Cd-accumulated Miscanthus accessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozhe Cheng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Hu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangliang Cheng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuming Cai
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Life Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Neural Network Prediction of Corn Stover Saccharification Based on Its Structural Features. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9167508. [PMID: 30159330 PMCID: PMC6109571 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9167508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The classic assay for a large population biomass is time-consuming, labor intensive, and chemically expensive. This paper would find out a rapid assay for predicting biomass digestibility from biomass structural features without hydrolysis. We examined the 62 representative corn stover accessions that displayed a diverse cell-wall composition and varied biomass digestibility. Correlation analysis was firstly to detect effects of cell-wall compositions and wall polymer features on corn stover digestibility. Based on the dependable relationship of structural features and digestibility, a neural networks model has been developed and successfully predicted the corn stover saccharification based on the features without enzymatic hydrolysis. The actual measured and net-simulated predicted corn stover saccharification had good results as mean square error of 1.80E-05, coefficient of determination of 0.942 and average relative deviation of 3.95. The trained networks satisfactorily predicted the saccharification results based on the features of corn stover. Predicting the corn stover saccharification without hydrolysis will reduce capital and operational costs for corn stover purchasing and storage.
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Hu M, Yu H, Li Y, Li A, Cai Q, Liu P, Tu Y, Wang Y, Hu R, Hao B, Peng L, Xia T. Distinct polymer extraction and cellulose DP reduction for complete cellulose hydrolysis under mild chemical pretreatments in sugarcane. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 202:434-443. [PMID: 30287020 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, liquid hot water (LHW) and chemical (H2SO4, NaOH, CaO) pretreatments were performed in Saccharum species including sugarcane bagasse. In comparison, the LHW and CaO pretreatments significantly enhanced biomass enzymatic hydrolysis, leading to much high bioethanol yield obtained at 19% (% dry matter) with an almost complete hexoses-ethanol conversion in the desirable So5 bagasse sample. Despite the LHW and CaO are distinctive for extracting hemicellulose and lignin, both pretreatments largely reduced cellulose degree of polymerization for enhanced lignocellulose enzymatic saccharification. Further chemical analysis indicated that the pretreated So5 sample had much lower cellulose crystalline index, hemicellulosic Xyl/Ara and lignin S/H ratio than those of other biomass samples, which explained that the So5 had the highest bioethanol yield among Saccharum species. Therefore, a mechanism model was proposed to elucidate how mild pretreatments could enhance biomass enzymatic saccharification for a high bioethanol production in the desirable sugarcane bagasse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Hu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hua Yu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yu Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute (Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute), Guangzhou 510316, China.
| | - Ao Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qiuming Cai
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ruofei Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang City, Hubei Province 441053, China.
| | - Bo Hao
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Tao Xia
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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38
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Mazarei M, Baxter HL, Li M, Biswal AK, Kim K, Meng X, Pu Y, Wuddineh WA, Zhang JY, Turner GB, Sykes RW, Davis MF, Udvardi MK, Wang ZY, Mohnen D, Ragauskas AJ, Labbé N, Stewart CN. Functional Analysis of Cellulose Synthase CesA4 and CesA6 Genes in Switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum) by Overexpression and RNAi-Mediated Gene Silencing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1114. [PMID: 30127793 PMCID: PMC6088197 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a leading lignocellulosic bioenergy feedstock. Cellulose is a major component of the plant cell walls and the primary substrate for saccharification. Accessibility of cellulose to enzymatic breakdown into fermentable sugars is limited by the presence of lignin in the plant cell wall. In this study, putatively novel switchgrass secondary cell wall cellulose synthase PvCesA4 and primary cell wall PvCesA6 genes were identified and their functional role in cellulose synthesis and cell wall composition was examined by overexpression and knockdown of the individual genes in switchgrass. The endogenous expression of PvCesA4 and PvCesA6 genes varied among including roots, leaves, stem, and reproductive tissues. Increasing or decreasing PvCesA4 and PvCesA6 expression to extreme levels in the transgenic lines resulted in decreased biomass production. PvCesA6-overexpressing lines had reduced lignin content and syringyl/guaiacyl lignin monomer ratio accompanied by increased sugar release efficiency, suggesting an impact of PvCesA6 expression levels on lignin biosynthesis. Cellulose content and cellulose crystallinity were decreased, while xylan content was increased in PvCesA4 and PvCesA6 overexpression or knockdown lines. The increase in xylan content suggests that the amount of non-cellulosic cell wall polysaccharide was modified in these plants. Taken together, the results show that the manipulation of the cellulose synthase genes alters the cell wall composition and availability of cellulose as a bioprocessing substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Mazarei
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Holly L. Baxter
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Mi Li
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Biosciences Division, Joint Institute for Biological Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Ajaya K. Biswal
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Keonhee Kim
- Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Biosciences Division, Joint Institute for Biological Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Wegi A. Wuddineh
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Ji-Yi Zhang
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Geoffrey B. Turner
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Robert W. Sykes
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Mark F. Davis
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Michael K. Udvardi
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Zeng-Yu Wang
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Debra Mohnen
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Arthur J. Ragauskas
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Biosciences Division, Joint Institute for Biological Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Nicole Labbé
- Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - C. Neal Stewart
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
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de Gouvêa PF, Bernardi AV, Gerolamo LE, de Souza Santos E, Riaño-Pachón DM, Uyemura SA, Dinamarco TM. Transcriptome and secretome analysis of Aspergillus fumigatus in the presence of sugarcane bagasse. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:232. [PMID: 29614953 PMCID: PMC5883313 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4627-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugarcane bagasse has been proposed as a lignocellulosic residue for second-generation ethanol (2G) produced by breaking down biomass into fermentable sugars. The enzymatic cocktails for biomass degradation are mostly produced by fungi, but low cost and high efficiency can consolidate 2G technologies. A. fumigatus plays an important role in plant biomass degradation capabilities and recycling. To gain more insight into the divergence in gene expression during steam-exploded bagasse (SEB) breakdown, this study profiled the transcriptome of A. fumigatus by RNA sequencing to compare transcriptional profiles of A. fumigatus grown on media containing SEB or fructose as the sole carbon source. Secretome analysis was also performed using SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS. RESULTS The maximum activities of cellulases (0.032 U mL-1), endo-1,4-β--xylanase (10.82 U mL-1) and endo-1,3-β glucanases (0.77 U mL-1) showed that functional CAZymes (carbohydrate-active enzymes) were secreted in the SEB culture conditions. Correlations between transcriptome and secretome data identified several CAZymes in A. fumigatus. Particular attention was given to CAZymes related to lignocellulose degradation and sugar transporters. Genes encoding glycoside hydrolase classes commonly expressed during the breakdown of cellulose, such as GH-5, 6, 7, 43, 45, and hemicellulose, such as GH-2, 10, 11, 30, 43, were found to be highly expressed in SEB conditions. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) classified as auxiliary activity families AA9 (GH61), CE (1, 4, 8, 15, 16), PL (1, 3, 4, 20) and GT (1, 2, 4, 8, 20, 35, 48) were also differentially expressed in this condition. Similarly, the most important enzymes related to biomass degradation, including endoxylanases, xyloglucanases, β-xylosidases, LPMOs, α-arabinofuranosidases, cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases and β-glucosidases, were also identified in the secretome. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of a transcriptome and secretome experiment of Aspergillus fumigatus in the degradation of pretreated sugarcane bagasse. The results suggest that this strain employs important strategies for this complex degradation process. It was possible to identify a set of genes and proteins that might be applied in several biotechnology fields. This knowledge can be exploited for the improvement of 2G ethanol production by the rational design of enzymatic cocktails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Fagundes de Gouvêa
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature of Ribeirão Preto, Chemistry Department, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Vianna Bernardi
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature of Ribeirão Preto, Chemistry Department, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Gerolamo
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature of Ribeirão Preto, Chemistry Department, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emerson de Souza Santos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Mauricio Riaño-Pachón
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Current address: Laboratory of Regulatory Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Akira Uyemura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taisa Magnani Dinamarco
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature of Ribeirão Preto, Chemistry Department, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li Y, Zhuo J, Liu P, Chen P, Hu H, Wang Y, Zhou S, Tu Y, Peng L, Wang Y. Distinct wall polymer deconstruction for high biomass digestibility under chemical pretreatment in Miscanthus and rice. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 192:273-281. [PMID: 29691021 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Miscanthus is a leading bioenergy crop and rice provides enormous biomass for biofuels. Using Calcofluor White staining, this work in situ observed an initial lignocellulose hydrolysis in two distinct Miscanthus accessions, rice cultivar (NPB), and Osfc16 mutant after mild chemical pretreatments. In comparison, the M. sin and Osfc16 respectively exhibited weak Calcofluor fluorescence compared to the M. sac and NPB during enzymatic hydrolysis, consistent with the high biomass saccharification detected in vitro. Using xyloglucan-directed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), xyloglucan deconstruction was observed from initial cellulose hydrolysis, whereas the M. sin and Osfc16 exhibited relatively strong immunolabeling using xylan-directed mAb, confirming previous findings of xylan positive impacts on biomass saccharification. Furthermore, the M. sin showed quick disappearance of RG-I immunolabeling with varied HG labelings between acid and alkali pretreatments. Hence, this study demonstrated a quick approach to explore wall polymer distinct deconstruction for enhanced biomass saccharification under chemical pretreatment in bioenergy crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jingdi Zhuo
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Huizhen Hu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Youmei Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shiguang Zhou
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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Li F, Liu S, Xu H, Xu Q. A novel FC17/CESA4 mutation causes increased biomass saccharification and lodging resistance by remodeling cell wall in rice. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:298. [PMID: 30410573 PMCID: PMC6211429 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice not only produces grains for human beings, but also provides large amounts of lignocellulose residues, which recently highlighted as feedstock for biofuel production. Genetic modification of plant cell walls can potentially enhance biomass saccharification; however, it remains a challenge to maintain a normal growth with enhanced lodging resistance in rice. RESULTS In this study, rice (Oryza sativa) mutant fc17, which harbors the substitution (F426S) at the plant-conserved region (P-CR) of cellulose synthase 4 (CESA4) protein, exhibited slightly affected plant growth and 17% higher lodging resistance compared to the wild-type. More importantly, the mutant showed a 1.68-fold enhancement in biomass saccharification efficiency. Cell wall composition analysis showed a reduction in secondary wall thickness and cellulose content, and compensatory increase in hemicelluloses and lignin content. Both X-ray diffraction and calcofluor staining demonstrated a significant reduction in cellulose crystallinity, which should be a key factor for its high saccharification. Proteomic profiling of wild-type and fc17 plants further indicated a possible mechanism by which mutation induces cellulose deposition and cell wall remodeling. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CESA4 P-CR site mutation affects cell wall features especially cellulose structure and thereby causes enhancement in biomass digestion and lodging resistance. Therefore, CESA4 P-CR region is promising target for cell wall modification to facilitate the breeding of bioenergy rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866 China
| | - Sitong Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866 China
| | - Hai Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866 China
| | - Quan Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866 China
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Adams JMM, Winters AL, Hodgson EM, Gallagher JA. What cell wall components are the best indicators for Miscanthus digestibility and conversion to ethanol following variable pretreatments? BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:67. [PMID: 29563970 PMCID: PMC5851170 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy crops including Miscanthus provide a storable, portable energy source which can be used to complement a wide range of products and energy generation systems. Miscanthus is predominantly used in Europe as a combustion material for electricity generation but also has the potential for biochemical conversion due to its high yield and low-nutrient requirements. The ratio of holocellulose (hemicellulose and cellulose combined) to acid detergent lignin (H:L) within the senesced material has previously been shown to indicate the relative suitability of Miscanthus accessions for thermochemical conversion. In this study, the ratio was assessed to examine its use as a selection aid for biochemical conversion. 20 highly-characterised Miscanthus accessions were saccharified using an enzyme mix to determine optimum sugar release. Nine of these accessions spanning high, medium and low H:L ratios were then autoclaved with dilute acid, alkali or water, and enzymically hydrolysed and fermented to produce ethanol. Samples taken throughout the process allowed assessments of released sugars. RESULTS Enzymic degradation of the biomass showed a relationship between H:L ratio and glucose release, with high glucose release for high H:L ratio accessions and vice versa. Xylose release showed no such relationship. This relationship was maintained following pretreatments and enzyme saccharification, where compound analysis showed that following all pretreatments, accessions with high H:L ratios repeatedly had the highest releases of glucose, xylose and arabinose, and produced more ethanol. Release of all measured compounds increased with the pretreatment severity and ethanol yields from each pretreatment correlated with the respective glucose yield, providing assurance that any inhibitory compounds generated were tolerated by the fermentation yeast. Strong correlations were also seen between glucose release, ethanol and cell wall components, with cellulose showing the highest correlations with ethanol yields for some treatments and H:L ratio with others. CONCLUSIONS The H:L ratio is a good predictor of ethanol yields and sugar release from Miscanthus in this study but individual components lignin and cellulose also correlate well, especially for hot water and mild acid pretreatments. In conclusion, use of the H:L ratio does not provide any advantages over the concentration of individual cell wall components for predicting sugar release and ethanol yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. M. M. Adams
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE UK
| | - A. L. Winters
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE UK
| | - E. M. Hodgson
- Present Address: Hodgson Green & Associates, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - J. A. Gallagher
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE UK
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Toward Complete Utilization of Miscanthus in a Hot-Water Extraction-Based Biorefinery. ENERGIES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/en11010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Miscanthus (Miscanthus sp. Family: Poaceae) was hot-water extracted (two h, at 160 °C) at three scales: laboratory (Parr reactor, 300 cm3), intermediate (M/K digester, 4000 cm3), and pilot (65 ft3-digester, 1.841 × 106 cm3). Hot-water extracted miscanthus, hydrolyzate, and lignin recovered from hydrolyzate were characterized and evaluated for potential uses aiming at complete utilization of miscanthus. Effects of scale-up on digester yield, removal of hemicelluloses, deashing, delignification degree, lignin recovery and purity, and cellulose retention were studied. The scale-dependent results demonstrated that before implementation, hot-water extraction (HWE) should be evaluated on a scale larger than a laboratory scale. The production of energy-enriched fuel pellets from hot-water extracted miscanthus, especially in combination with recovered lignin is recommended, as energy of combustion increased gradually from native to hot-water extracted miscanthus to recovered lignin. The native and pilot-scale hot-water extracted miscanthus samples were also subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using a cellulase-hemicellulase cocktail, to produce fermentable sugars. Hot-water extracted biomass released higher amount of glucose and xylose verifying benefits of HWE as an effective pretreatment for xylan-rich lignocellulosics. The recovered lignin was used to prepare a formaldehyde-free alternative to phenol-formaldehyde resins and as an antioxidant. Promising results were obtained for these lignin valorization pathways.
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Zhao C, Fan X, Hou X, Zhu Y, Yue Y, Wu J. Extended light exposure increases stem digestibility and biomass production of switchgrass. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188349. [PMID: 29166649 PMCID: PMC5699803 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Switchgrass is a photoperiod-sensitive energy grass suitable for growing in the marginal lands of China. We explored the effects of extended photoperiods of low-irradiance light (7 μmol·m-2·s-1, no effective photosynthesis) on the growth, the biomass dry weight, the biomass allocation, and, especially, the stem digestibility and cell wall characteristics of switchgrass. Two extended photoperiods (i.e., 18 and 24 h) were applied over Alamo. Extended light exposure (18 and 24 h) resulted in delayed heading and higher dry weights of vegetative organs (by 32.87 and 35.94%, respectively) at the expense of reducing the amount of sexual organs (by 40.05 and 50.87%, respectively). Compared to the control group (i.e., natural photoperiod), the yield of hexoses (% dry matter) in the stems after a direct enzymatic hydrolysis (DEH) treatment significantly increased (by 44.02 and 46.10%) for those groups irradiated during 18 and 24 h, respectively. Moreover, the yield of hexoses obtained via enzymatic hydrolysis increased after both basic (1% NaOH) and acid (1% H2SO4) pretreatments for the groups irradiated during 18 and 24 h. Additionally, low-irradiance light extension (LILE) significantly increased the content of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) while notably reducing the lignin content and the syringyl to guaiacyl (S/G) ratio. These structural changes were in part responsible for the observed improved stem digestibility. Remarkably, LILE significantly decreased the cellulose crystallinity index (CrI) of switchgrass by significantly increasing both the arabinose substitution degree in xylan and the content of ammonium oxalate-extractable uronic acids, both favoring cellulose digestibility. Despite this LILE technology is not applied to the cultivation of switchgrass on a large scale yet, we believe that the present work is important in that it reveals important relationships between extended day length irradiations and biomass production and quality. Additionally, this study paves the way for improving biomass production and digestibility via genetic modification of day length sensitive transcription factors or key structural genes in switchgrass leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiao Zhao
- Research & Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xifeng Fan
- Research & Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xincun Hou
- Research & Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Research & Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuesen Yue
- Research & Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Juying Wu
- Research & Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
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Sun D, Li Y, Wang J, Tu Y, Wang Y, Hu Z, Zhou S, Wang L, Xie G, Huang J, Alam A, Peng L. Biomass saccharification is largely enhanced by altering wall polymer features and reducing silicon accumulation in rice cultivars harvested from nitrogen fertilizer supply. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:957-965. [PMID: 28738551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two rice cultivars were collected from experimental fields with seven nitrogen fertilizer treatments. All biomass samples contained significantly increased cellulose contents and reduced silica levels, with variable amounts of hemicellulose and lignin from different nitrogen treatments. Under chemical (NaOH, CaO, H2SO4) and physical (hot water) pretreatments, biomass samples exhibited much enhanced hexoses yields from enzymatic hydrolysis, with high bioethanol production from yeast fermentation. Notably, both degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose and xylose/arabinose (Xyl/Ara) ratio of hemicellulose were reduced in biomass residues, whereas other wall polymer features (cellulose crystallinity and monolignol proportion) were variable. Integrative analysis indicated that cellulose DP, hemicellulosic Xyl/Ara and silica are the major factors that significantly affect cellulose crystallinity and biomass saccharification. Hence, this study has demonstrated that nitrogen fertilizer supply could largely enhance biomass saccharification in rice cultivars, mainly by reducing cellulose DP, hemicellulosic Xyl/Ara and silica in cell walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiguang Zhou
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingqiang Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guosheng Xie
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianliang Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aftab Alam
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. http://bbrc.hzau.edu.cn
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Tu Y, Wang L, Xia T, Sun D, Zhou S, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Zhang T, Madadi M, Peng L. Mild chemical pretreatments are sufficient for complete saccharification of steam-exploded residues and high ethanol production in desirable wheat accessions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:319-326. [PMID: 28683384 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a combined pretreatment was performed in four wheat accessions using steam explosion followed with different concentrations of H2SO4 or NaOH, leading to increased hexoses yields by 3-6 folds from enzymatic hydrolysis. Further co-supplied with 1% Tween-80, Talq90 and Talq16 accessions exhibited an almost complete enzymatic saccharification of steam-exploded (SE) residues after 0.5% H2SO4 or 1% NaOH pretreatment, with the highest bioethanol yields at 18.5%-19.4%, compared with previous reports about wheat bioethanol yields at 11%-17% obtained under relatively strong pretreatment conditions. Furthermore, chemical analysis indicated that much enhanced saccharification in Talq90 and Talq16 may be partially due to their relatively low cellulose CrI and DP values and high hemicellulose Ara and H-monomer levels in raw materials and SE residues. Hence, this study has not only demonstrated a mild pretreatment technology for a complete saccharification, but it has also obtained the high ethanol production in desirable wheat accessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lingqiang Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Shiguang Zhou
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ying Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Meysam Madadi
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Co-Digestion of Napier Grass and Its Silage with Cow Dung for Methane Production. ENERGIES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/en10101654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Li F, Xie G, Huang J, Zhang R, Li Y, Zhang M, Wang Y, Li A, Li X, Xia T, Qu C, Hu F, Ragauskas AJ, Peng L. OsCESA9 conserved-site mutation leads to largely enhanced plant lodging resistance and biomass enzymatic saccharification by reducing cellulose DP and crystallinity in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:1093-1104. [PMID: 28117552 PMCID: PMC5552474 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Genetic modification of plant cell walls has been posed to reduce lignocellulose recalcitrance for enhancing biomass saccharification. Since cellulose synthase (CESA) gene was first identified, several dozen CESA mutants have been reported, but almost all mutants exhibit the defective phenotypes in plant growth and development. In this study, the rice (Oryza sativa) Osfc16 mutant with substitutions (W481C, P482S) at P-CR conserved site in CESA9 shows a slightly affected plant growth and higher biomass yield by 25%-41% compared with wild type (Nipponbare, a japonica variety). Chemical and ultrastructural analyses indicate that Osfc16 has a significantly reduced cellulose crystallinity (CrI) and thinner secondary cell walls compared with wild type. CESA co-IP detection, together with implementations of a proteasome inhibitor (MG132) and two distinct cellulose inhibitors (Calcofluor, CGA), shows that CESA9 mutation could affect integrity of CESA4/7/9 complexes, which may lead to rapid CESA proteasome degradation for low-DP cellulose biosynthesis. These may reduce cellulose CrI, which improves plant lodging resistance, a major and integrated agronomic trait on plant growth and grain production, and enhances biomass enzymatic saccharification by up to 2.3-fold and ethanol productivity by 34%-42%. This study has for the first time reported a direct modification for the low-DP cellulose production that has broad applications in biomass industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengcheng Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and BreedingMinistry of AgricultureRice Research InstituteShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Guosheng Xie
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ran Zhang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yu Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ao Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xukai Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Tao Xia
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chengcheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of Tennessee‐ KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTNUSA
- Department of ForestryThe University of Tennessee‐KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Arthur J. Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of Tennessee‐ KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTNUSA
- Department of ForestryThe University of Tennessee‐KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Sun D, Alam A, Tu Y, Zhou S, Wang Y, Xia T, Huang J, Li Y, Wei X, Hao B, Peng L. Steam-exploded biomass saccharification is predominately affected by lignocellulose porosity and largely enhanced by Tween-80 in Miscanthus. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 239:74-81. [PMID: 28500891 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, total ten Miscanthus accessions exhibited diverse cell wall compositions, leading to largely varied hexoses yields at 17%-40% (% cellulose) released from direct enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-exploded (SE) residues. Further supplied with 2% Tween-80 into the enzymatic digestion, the Mis7 accession showed the higher hexose yield by 14.8-fold than that of raw material, whereas the Mis10 had the highest hexoses yield at 77% among ten Miscanthus accessions. Significantly, this study identified four wall polymer features that negatively affect biomass saccharification as p<0.05 or 0.01 in the SE residues, including cellulose DP, Xyl and Ara of hemicellulose, and S-monomer of lignin. Based on Simons' stain, the SE porosity (defined by DY/DB) was examined to be the unique positive factor on biomass enzymatic digestion. Hence, this study provides the potential strategy to enhance biomass saccharification using optimal biomass process technology and related genetic breeding in Miscanthus and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Aftab Alam
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shiguang Zhou
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ying Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wei
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bo Hao
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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50
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Fan C, Feng S, Huang J, Wang Y, Wu L, Li X, Wang L, Tu Y, Xia T, Li J, Cai X, Peng L. AtCesA8-driven OsSUS3 expression leads to largely enhanced biomass saccharification and lodging resistance by distinctively altering lignocellulose features in rice. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:221. [PMID: 28932262 PMCID: PMC5603028 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomass recalcitrance and plant lodging are two complex traits that tightly associate with plant cell wall structure and features. Although genetic modification of plant cell walls can potentially reduce recalcitrance for enhancing biomass saccharification, it remains a challenge to maintain a normal growth with enhanced biomass yield and lodging resistance in transgenic plants. Sucrose synthase (SUS) is a key enzyme to regulate carbon partitioning by providing UDP-glucose as substrate for cellulose and other polysaccharide biosynthesis. Although SUS transgenic plants have reportedly exhibited improvement on the cellulose and starch based traits, little is yet reported about SUS impacts on both biomass saccharification and lodging resistance. In this study, we selected the transgenic rice plants that expressed OsSUS3 genes when driven by the AtCesA8 promoter specific for promoting secondary cell wall cellulose synthesis in Arabidopsis. We examined biomass saccharification and lodging resistance in the transgenic plants and detected their cell wall structures and wall polymer features. RESULTS During two-year field experiments, the selected AtCesA8::SUS3 transgenic plants maintained a normal growth with slightly increased biomass yields. The four independent transgenic lines exhibited much higher biomass enzymatic saccharification and bioethanol production under chemical pretreatments at P < 0.01 levels, compared with the controls of rice cultivar and empty vector transgenic line. Notably, all transgenic lines showed a consistently enhanced lodging resistance with the increasing extension and pushing forces. Correlation analysis suggested that the reduced cellulose crystallinity was a major factor for largely enhanced biomass saccharification and lodging resistance in transgenic rice plants. In addition, the cell wall thickenings with the increased cellulose and hemicelluloses levels should also contribute to plant lodging resistance. Hence, this study has proposed a mechanistic model that shows how OsSUS3 regulates cellulose and hemicelluloses biosyntheses resulting in reduced cellulose crystallinity and increased wall thickness, thereby leading to large improvements of both biomass saccharification and lodging resistance in transgenic rice plants. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated that the AtCesA8::SUS3 transgenic rice plants exhibited largely improved biomass saccharification and lodging resistance by reducing cellulose crystallinity and increasing cell wall thickness. It also suggests a powerful genetic approach for cell wall modification in bioenergy crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfen Fan
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengqiu Feng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Leiming Wu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xukai Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingqiang Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- HaiKou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 570102 China
| | - Xiwen Cai
- Department of Plant Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND USA
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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