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Cousin E, Namhaed K, Pérès Y, Cognet P, Delmas M, Hermansyah H, Gozan M, Alaba PA, Aroua MK. Towards efficient and greener processes for furfural production from biomass: A review of the recent trends. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157599. [PMID: 35901885 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As mentioned in several recent reviews, biomass-based furfural is attracting increasing interest as a feasible alternative for the synthesis of a wide range of non-petroleum-derived compounds. However, the lack of environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable industrial procedures is still evident. This review describes the chemical and biological routes for furfural production. The mechanisms proposed for the chemical transformation of xylose to furfural are detailed, as are the current advances in the manufacture of furfural from biomass. The main goal is to overview the different ways of improving the furfural synthesis process. A pretreatment process, particularly chemical and physico-chemical, enhances the digestibility of biomass, leading to the production of >70 % of available sugars for the production of valuable products. The combination of heterogeneous (zeolite and polymeric solid) catalyst and biphasic solvent system (water/GVL and water/CPME) is regarded as an attractive approach, affording >75 % furfural yield for over 80 % of selectivity with the possibility of catalyst reuse. Microwave heating as an activation technique reduces reaction time at least tenfold, making the process more sustainable. The state of the art in industrial processes is also discussed. It shows that, when sulfuric acid is used, the furfural yields do not exceed 55 % for temperatures close to 180 °C. However, the MTC process recently achieved an 83 % yield by continuously removing furfural from the liquid phase. Finally, the CIMV process, using a formic acid/acetic acid mixture, has been developed. The economic aspects of furfural production are then addressed. Future research will be needed to investigate scaling-up and biological techniques that produce acceptable yields and productivities to become commercially viable and competitive in furfural production from biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Cousin
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Kritsana Namhaed
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yolande Pérès
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrick Cognet
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Delmas
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Heri Hermansyah
- Biorefinery Lab, Bioprocess Engineering Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.
| | - Misri Gozan
- Biorefinery Lab, Bioprocess Engineering Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.
| | - Peter Adeniyi Alaba
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
- Centre for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Utilization (CCDCU), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Malaysia; Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom; Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering Research Cluster (SMS2E), Sunway University, No. 5 Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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2
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Fast and continuous conversion of xylose to furfural in micropacked bed reactors. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Tin, molybdenum and tin-molybdenum oxides: Influence of Lewis and Bronsted acid sites on xylose conversion. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Zhang T, Li W, Xiao H, Jin Y, Wu S. Recent progress in direct production of furfural from lignocellulosic residues and hemicellulose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 354:127126. [PMID: 35398210 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Furfural is a vital biomass-derived platform molecule, which can be used to synthesize a wide range of value-added chemicals. Furfural and its derivatives are promising alternatives to conventional petroleum chemicals. However, recent industrial production of furfural existed some thorny problems, including low efficiency, energy waste, and environmental pollution. Therefore, tremendous and continuous efforts have been made by researchers to develop novel furfural production processes with high economic viability, production efficiency, and sustainability. This review summarized the merits and shortcomings of disparate catalytic systems for the synthesis of furfural from biomass and biomass pretreatment hydrolysate on the basis of recently published literature. Furthermore, the suggestions for furfural production research were put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
| | - Shufang Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
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5
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Dehydration of Xylose to Furfural over Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid with Phase Separation. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11121552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An environmentally friendly catalyst and task-specific ionic liquid (IL), 1-(4-sulfonic acid) butyl-3-cetyl-2-methyl imidazolium hydrogen sulfate, was applied to the dehydration of xylose to furfural. Its structure was determined by FT-IR, 1H NMR technologies. The solubility of IL in water changed with the temperature, and had the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. At the given conditions, xylose conversion of 95.3% and furfural yield of 67.5% were achieved over IL.
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6
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Enhanced Furfural Production in Deep Eutectic Solvents Comprising Alkali Metal Halides as Additives. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237374. [PMID: 34885956 PMCID: PMC8659074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of alkali metal halide salts to acidic deep eutectic solvents is here reported as an effective way of boosting xylan conversion into furfural. These salts promote an increase in xylose dehydration due to the cation and anion interactions with the solvent being a promising alternative to the use of harsh operational conditions. Several alkali metal halides were used as additives in the DES composed of cholinium chloride and malic acid ([Ch]Cl:Mal) in a molar ratio of 1:3, with 5 wt.% of water. These mixtures were then used as both solvent and catalyst to produce furfural directly from xylan through microwave-assisted reactions. Preliminary assays were carried out at 150 and 130 °C to gauge the effect of the different salts in furfural yields. A Response Surface Methodology was then applied to optimize the operational conditions. After an optimization of the different operating conditions, a maximum furfural yield of 89.46 ± 0.33% was achieved using 8.19% of lithium bromide in [Ch]Cl:Mal, 1:3; 5 wt.% water, at 157.3 °C and 1.74 min of reaction time. The used deep eutectic solvent and salt were recovered and reused three times, with 79.7% yield in the third cycle, and the furfural and solvent integrity confirmed.
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Ye L, Han Y, Wang X, Lu X, Qi X, Yu H. Recent progress in furfural production from hemicellulose and its derivatives: Conversion mechanism, catalytic system, solvent selection. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Yao Y, Huang K, Liu Y, Luo T, Tian G, Li J, Zhang S, Chang G, Yang X. A hierarchically multifunctional integrated catalyst with intimate and synergistic active sites for one-pot tandem catalysis. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00170a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As a typical process-intensive strategy, a tandem reaction driven by a multifunctional catalyst is a paragon of the green catalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Kexin Huang
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic
- Engineering Wuhan Donghu University
- Wuhan 430212
- China
| | - Tingting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Ge Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Ganggang Chang
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- China
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Li YY, Li Q, Zhang PQ, Ma CL, Xu JH, He YC. Catalytic conversion of corncob to furfuryl alcohol in tandem reaction with tin-loaded sulfonated zeolite and NADPH-dependent reductase biocatalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124267. [PMID: 33120059 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, tin-loaded sulfonated zeolite (Sn-zeolite) catalyst was synthesized for catalysis of raw corncob (75.0 g/L) to 103.0 mM furfural at 52.3% yield in water (pH 1.0) at 170 °C. This corncob-derived furfural was subsequently biotransformed with recombinant E. coli CG-19 cells coexpressing NADPH-dependent reductase and glucose dehydrogenase at 35 °C by supplementary of glucose (1.5 mol glucose/mol furfural), sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.50 mM) and NADP+ (1.0 μmol NADP+/mmol furfural) in the aqueous catalytic media (pH 7.5). Both sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.50 mM) and Sn4+ (1.0 mM) could promote reductase activity by 1.4-folds. Within 3 h, furfural was wholly catalyzed into furfuryl alcohol. By combining chemical catalysis with Sn-zeolite and biocatalysis with CG-19 cells in one-pot, an effective and sustainable process was established for tandemly catalyzing renewable biomass into furfuryl alcohol under environmentally-friendly way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Li
- Laboratory of Bioresourse and Bioprocessing, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioenergy, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Qi Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioenergy, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Luan Ma
- Laboratory of Bioresourse and Bioprocessing, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Biomass and Bioenergy, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cai He
- Laboratory of Bioresourse and Bioprocessing, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Biomass and Bioenergy, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Kim H, Yang S, Kim DH. One-pot conversion of alginic acid into furfural using Amberlyst-15 as a solid acid catalyst in γ-butyrolactone/water co-solvent system. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109667. [PMID: 32442791 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One-pot conversion of alginic acid, which was derived from brown algae, to furfural was investigated using various solid acid catalysts. Among the solid acid catalysts tested, Amberlyst-15 showed the highest activity in furfural production in aqueous media. When the effect of reaction media was examined by applying various organic solvent mixtures, it was found that γ-butyrolactone/water co-solvent system was selected as the most appropriate system for the reaction. Maximum furfural yield of 32.2% was obtained using Amberlyst-15 in the γ-butyrolactone/H2O at 210 °C for 20 min. Catalyst showed gradual deactivation behavior as the reaction proceeded, although the catalyst recovered its activity upon the simple treatment with sulfuric acid. N2 adsorption-desorption experiments, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), back titration, and CHNS analysis were applied to investigate the physicochemical property of post-reaction samples, confirming that the leaching of the active sulfonic acid group and decrease in acid density was the major cause of deactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjoo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungdo Yang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Heui Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Ventura M, Marinas A, Domine ME. Catalytic Processes for Biomass-Derived Platform Molecules Valorisation. Top Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-020-01309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Knierbein M, Voges M, Held C. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Synthesis in Nonaqueous Two-Phase Systems (NTPS)–PC-SAFT Predictions and Validation. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Voges
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christoph Held
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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13
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Xue XX, Ma CL, Di JH, Huo XY, He YC. One-pot chemo-enzymatic conversion of D-xylose to furfuralcohol by sequential dehydration with oxalic acid plus tin-based solid acid and bioreduction with whole-cells. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 268:292-299. [PMID: 30086456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, organic acid could be used as co-catalyst for assisting solid acid SO42-/SnO2-argil to convert hemicellulose-derived D-xylose into furfural. The relationship between pKa of organic acid and turnover frequency (TOF) of co-catalysis with organic acid plus SO42-/SnO2-argil was explored on the conversion of D-xylose to furfural. Oxalic acid (pKa = 1.25) (0.35 wt%) was found to be the optimum co-catalyst for assisting SO42-/SnO2-argil (3.6 wt%) to synthesize furfural from D-xylose (20 g/L) at 180 °C for 20 min, and the furfural yield and TOF could be obtained at 57.07% and 6.26 h-1, respectively. Finally, the obtained furfural (107.6 mM) could be completely biotransformed to furfuralcohol by recombinant Escherichia coli CCZU-K14 whole-cells at 30 °C and pH 6.5 in the presence of 1.5 mol glucose/mol furfural and 400 mM D-xylose. Clearly, this strategy shows high potential application for the effective synthesis of furfuralcohol from biomass-derived D-xylose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xia Xue
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Cui-Luan Ma
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jun-Hua Di
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yu Huo
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Yu-Cai He
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China.
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15
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Filiciotto L, Balu AM, Van der Waal JC, Luque R. Catalytic insights into the production of biomass-derived side products methyl levulinate, furfural and humins. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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A lignin-derived sulphated carbon for acid catalyzed transformations of bio-derived sugars. CATAL COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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17
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Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass Into Platform Chemicals for Biobased Polyurethane Application. ADVANCES IN BIOENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aibe.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Mika LT, Cséfalvay E, Németh Á. Catalytic Conversion of Carbohydrates to Initial Platform Chemicals: Chemistry and Sustainability. Chem Rev 2017; 118:505-613. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 662] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- László T. Mika
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Edit Cséfalvay
- Department
of Energy Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Áron Németh
- Department
of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
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19
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Yang T, Zhou YH, Zhu SZ, Pan H, Huang YB. Insight into Aluminum Sulfate-Catalyzed Xylan Conversion into Furfural in a γ-Valerolactone/Water Biphasic Solvent under Microwave Conditions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:4066-4079. [PMID: 28856818 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient biphasic system with an earth-abundant metal salt catalyst was used to produce furfural from xylan with a high yield of up to 87.8 % under microwave conditions. Strikingly, the metal salt Al2 (SO4 )3 exhibited excellent catalytic activity for xylan conversion, owing to a combination of Lewis and Brønsted acidity and its ability to promote good phase separation. The critical role of the SO42- anion was first analyzed, which resulted in the aforementioned characteristics when combined with the Al3+ cation. The mixed solvent system with γ-valerolactone (GVL) as the organic phase provided the highest furfural yield, resulting from its good dielectric properties and dissolving capacity, which facilitated the absorption of microwave energy and promoted mass transfer. Mechanistic studies suggested that the xylan-to-furfural conversion proceeded mainly through a hydrolysis-isomerization-dehydration pathway and the hexa-coordinated Lewis acidic [Al(OH)2 (aq)]+ species were the active sites for xylose-xylulose isomerization. Detailed kinetic studies of the subreaction for the xylan conversion revealed that GVL regulates the reaction rates and pathways by promoting the rates of the key steps involved for furfural production and suppressing the side reactions for humin production. Finally, the Al2 (SO4 )3 catalyst was used for the production of furfural from several lignocellulosic feedstocks, revealing its great potential for other biomass conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
| | - Yi-Han Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
| | - Sheng-Zhen Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
| | - Hui Pan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
| | - Yao-Bing Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
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Direct Production of Furfural in One-pot Fashion from Raw Biomass Using Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquids. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13508. [PMID: 29044183 PMCID: PMC5647444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13946-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of raw biomass into C5-sugars and furfural was demonstrated with the one-pot method using Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs) without any mineral acids or metal halides. Various BAILs were synthesized and characterized using NMR, FT-IR, TGA, and CHNS microanalysis and were used as the catalyst for raw biomass conversion. The remarkably high yield (i.e. 88%) of C5 sugars from bagasse can be obtained using 1-methyl-3(3-sulfopropyl)-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([C3SO3HMIM][HSO4]) BAIL catalyst in a water medium. Similarly, the [C3SO3HMIM][HSO4] BAIL also converts the bagasse into furfural with very high yield (73%) in one-pot method using a water/toluene biphasic solvent system.
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21
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Zhang Z, Song J, Han B. Catalytic Transformation of Lignocellulose into Chemicals and Fuel Products in Ionic Liquids. Chem Rev 2016; 117:6834-6880. [PMID: 28535680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Innovative valorization of naturally abundant and renewable lignocellulosic biomass is of great importance in the pursuit of a sustainable future and biobased economy. Ionic liquids (ILs) as an important kind of green solvents and functional fluids have attracted significant attention for the catalytic transformation of lignocellulosic feedstocks into a diverse range of products. Taking advantage of some unique properties of ILs with different functions, the catalytic transformation processes can be carried out more efficiently and potentially with lower environmental impacts. Also, a new product portfolio may be derived from catalytic systems with ILs as media. This review focuses on the catalytic chemical conversion of lignocellulose and its primary ingredients (i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) into value-added chemicals and fuel products using ILs as the reaction media. An outlook is provided at the end of this review to highlight the challenges and opportunities associated with this interesting and important area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanrong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinliang Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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22
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Xiouras C, Radacsi N, Sturm G, Stefanidis GD. Furfural Synthesis from d-Xylose in the Presence of Sodium Chloride: Microwave versus Conventional Heating. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2159-2166. [PMID: 27416892 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the existence of specific/nonthermal microwave effects for the dehydration reaction of xylose to furfural in the presence of NaCl. Such effects are reported for sugars dehydration reactions in several literature reports. To this end, we adopted three approaches that compare microwave-assisted experiments with a) conventional heating experiments from the literature; b) simulated conventional heating experiments using microwave-irradiated silicon carbide (SiC) vials; and at c) different power levels but the same temperature by using forced cooling. No significant differences in the reaction kinetics are observed using any of these methods. However, microwave heating still proves advantageous as it requires 30 % less forward power compared to conventional heating (SiC vial) to achieve the same furfural yield at a laboratory scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Xiouras
- Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Process & Energy Department, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Norbert Radacsi
- Process & Energy Department, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB, Delft, the Netherlands
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Guido Sturm
- Process & Energy Department, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Georgios D Stefanidis
- Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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Peleteiro S, Santos V, Parajó JC. Furfural production in biphasic media using an acidic ionic liquid as a catalyst. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 153:421-428. [PMID: 27561513 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are valuable tools for biorefineries. This study provides an experimental assessment on the utilization of an acidic ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate) as a catalyst for furfural production in water/solvent media. The substrates employed in experiments were commercial xylose (employed as a reference compound) or hemicellulosic saccharides obtained by hydrothermal processing of Eucalyptus globulus wood (which were employed as produced, after membrane concentration or after freeze-drying). A variety of reaction conditions (defined by temperature, reaction time and type of organic solvent) were considered. The possibility of recycling the catalyst was assessed in selected experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Peleteiro
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Valentín Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Juan C Parajó
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
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24
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Peleteiro S, Rivas S, Alonso JL, Santos V, Parajó JC. Furfural production using ionic liquids: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:181-191. [PMID: 26708486 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Furfural, a platform chemical with a bright future, is commercially obtained by acidic processing of xylan-containing biomass in aqueous media. Ionic liquids (ILs) can be employed in processed for furfural manufacture as additives, as catalysts and/or as reaction media. Depending on the IL utilized, externally added catalysts (usually, Lewis acids, Brönsted acids and/or solid acid catalysts) can be necessary to achieve high reaction yields. Oppositely, acidic ionic liquids (AILs) can perform as both solvents and catalysts, enabling the direct conversion of suitable substrates (pentoses, pentosans or xylan-containing biomass) into furfural. Operating in IL-containing media, the furfural yields can be improved when the product is continuously removed along the reaction (for example, by stripping or extraction), to avoid unwanted side-reactions leading to furfural consumption. These topics are reviewed, as well as the major challenges involved in the large scale utilization of ILs for furfural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Peleteiro
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Sandra Rivas
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - José Luis Alonso
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Valentín Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Parajó
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
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25
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Zhou P, Zhang Z. One-pot catalytic conversion of carbohydrates into furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy00384b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been growing interest in the transformation of renewable biomass into value-added chemicals and biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Sciences of the Ministry of Education
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan
- PR China
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Sciences of the Ministry of Education
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan
- PR China
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26
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Ribeiro LS, Delgado JJ, de Melo Órfão JJ, Ribeiro Pereira MF. A one-pot method for the enhanced production of xylitol directly from hemicellulose (corncob xylan). RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19666g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient one-pot reaction system for converting hemicellulose (corncob xylan) into xylitol was developed by using a heterogeneous catalyst and water as solvent, without the presence of any acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucília S. Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Processos de Separação e Reação – Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais (LSRE-LCM)
- Departamento de Engenharia Química
- Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- 4200-465 Porto
| | - Juan J. Delgado
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Cádiz
- 11510 Puerto Real
- Spain
| | - José J. de Melo Órfão
- Laboratório de Processos de Separação e Reação – Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais (LSRE-LCM)
- Departamento de Engenharia Química
- Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- 4200-465 Porto
| | - Manuel Fernando Ribeiro Pereira
- Laboratório de Processos de Separação e Reação – Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais (LSRE-LCM)
- Departamento de Engenharia Química
- Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- 4200-465 Porto
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27
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Xu Z, Li W, Du Z, Wu H, Jameel H, Chang HM, Ma L. Conversion of corn stalk into furfural using a novel heterogeneous strong acid catalyst in γ-valerolactone. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 198:764-71. [PMID: 26454364 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.09.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel solid acid catalyst was prepared by the copolymerization of p-toluenesulfonic acid and paraformaldehyde and then characterized by FT-IR, TG/DTG, HRTEM and N2-BET. Furfural was successfully produced by the dehydration of xylose and xylan using the novel catalyst in γ-valerolactone. This investigation focused on effects of various reaction conditions including solvent, acid catalyst, reaction temperature, residence time, water concentration, xylose loading and catalyst dosage on the dehydration of xylose to furfural. It was found that the solid catalyst displayed extremely high activity for furfural production. 80.4% furfural yield with 98.8% xylose conversion was achieved at 170°C for 10 min. The catalyst could be recycled at least five times without significant loss of activity. Furthermore, 83.5% furfural yield and 19.5% HMF yield were obtained from raw corn stalk under more severe conditions (190°C for 100 min).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Zhijie Du
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Hasan Jameel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, USA
| | - Hou-Min Chang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, USA
| | - Longlong Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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28
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Prosser JH, Lee D. Ionothermal Stability of Mesoporous Silica Films. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ie5041308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob H. Prosser
- Department of
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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29
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Deng A, Ren J, Li H, Peng F, Sun R. Corncob lignocellulose for the production of furfural by hydrothermal pretreatment and heterogeneous catalytic process. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10472f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, an environmentally-friendly two-step process for furfural production was developed by the hydrothermal pretreatment of corncob and the heterogeneous catalysis of the hydrolysate using a solid acid catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aojie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Junli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Huiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Feng Peng
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Beijing Forestry University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Runcang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology
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30
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Gao H, Liu H, Pang B, Yu G, Du J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Mu X. Production of furfural from waste aqueous hemicellulose solution of hardwood over ZSM-5 zeolite. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 172:453-456. [PMID: 25266687 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to produce furfural from waste aqueous hemicellulose solution of a hardwood kraft-based dissolving pulp production processing in a green method. The maximum furfural yield of 82.4% and the xylose conversion of 96.8% were achieved at 463K, 1.0g ZSM-5, 1.05g NaCl and organic solvent-to-aqueous phase ratio of 30:15 (V/V) for 3h. The furfural yield was just 51.5% when the same concentration of pure xylose solution was used. Under the optimized condition, furfural yield was still up to 67.1% even after the fifth reused of catalyst. Catalyst recycling study showed that ZSM-5 has a certain stability and can be efficiently reused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haitang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jian Du
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuedong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Haisong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xindong Mu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
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31
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A modified biphasic system for the dehydration of d-xylose into furfural using SO42−/TiO2-ZrO2/La3+ as a solid catalyst. Catal Today 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2013.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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32
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Zhang LX, Yu H, Yu HB, Chen Z, Yang L. Conversion of xylose and xylan into furfural in biorenewable choline chloride–oxalic acid deep eutectic solvent with the addition of metal chloride. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Wu C, Chen W, Zhong L, Peng X, Sun R, Fang J, Zheng S. Conversion of xylose into furfural using lignosulfonic acid as catalyst in ionic liquid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:7430-7435. [PMID: 25007384 DOI: 10.1021/jf502404g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of biopolymer-based catalysts for the conversion of carbohydrate polymers to new energies and chemicals is a hot topic nowadays. With the aim to develop an ecological method to convert xylose into furfural without the use of inorganic acids, a biopolymer-derived catalyst (lignosulfonic acid) was successfully used to catalyze xylose into furfural in ionic acid ([BMIM]Cl). The characteristics of lignosulfonic acid (LS) and effects of solvents, temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading on the conversion of xylose were investigated in detail, and the reusability of the catalytic system was also studied. Results showed that 21.0% conversion could be achieved at 100 °C for 1.5 h. The method not only avoids pollution from conventional mineral acid catalysts and organic liquids but also maked full use of a byproduct (lignin) from the pulp and paper industry, thus demonstrating an environmentally benign process for the conversion of carbohydrates into furfural.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, China
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Li H, Deng A, Ren J, Liu C, Lu Q, Zhong L, Peng F, Sun R. Catalytic hydrothermal pretreatment of corncob into xylose and furfural via solid acid catalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 158:313-20. [PMID: 24632409 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Selectively catalytic hydrothermal pretreatment of corncob into xylose and furfural has been developed in this work using solid acid catalyst (SO4(2-)/TiO2-ZrO2/La(3+)). The effects of corncob-to-water ratio, reaction temperature and residence time on the performance of catalytic hydrothermal pretreatment were investigated. Results showed that the solid residues contained mainly lignin and cellulose, which was indicative of the efficient removal of hemicelluloses from corncob by hydrothermal method. The prepared catalyst with high thermal stability and strong acid sites originated from the acid functional groups was confirmed to contribute to the hydrolysis of polysaccharides into monosaccharides followed by dehydration into furfural. Highest furfural yield (6.18 g/100g) could be obtained at 180°C for 120 min with 6.80 g/100g xylose yield when the corncob/water ratio of was 10:100. Therefore, selectively catalytic hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass into important platform chemicals by solid acids is considered to be a potential treatment for biodiesel and chemical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Aojie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Changyu Liu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Linjie Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Runcang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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35
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Dashtban M, Gilbert A, Fatehi P. Recent advancements in the production of hydroxymethylfurfural. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45396k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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