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Huang T, Li D, Chen B, Wu B, Chai X. Utilization strategy for algal bloom waste through co-digestion with kitchen waste: Comprehensive kinetic and metagenomic analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 255:119194. [PMID: 38777294 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) with kitchen waste (KW) is an alternative utilization strategy for algal bloom waste (AW). However, the kinetic characteristic and metabolic pathway during this process need to be explored further. This study conducted a comprehensive kinetic and metagenomic analysis for AcoD of AW and KW. A maximum co-digestion performance index (CPI) of 1.13 was achieved under the 12% AW addition. Co-digestion improved the total volatile fatty acids generation and the organic matter transformation efficiency. Kinetic analysis showed that the Superimposed model fit optimally (R2Adj = 0.9988-0.9995). The improvement of the kinetic process by co-digestion was mainly reflected in the increase of the methane production from slowly biodegradable components. Co-digestion enriched the cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium and the hydrogenotrophic methanogenic archaea Methanobacterium. Furthermore, for metagenome analysis, the abundance of key genes concerned in cellulose and lipid hydrolysis, pyruvate and methane metabolism were both increased in co-digestion process. This study provided a feasible process for the utilization of AW produced seasonally and a deeper understanding of the AcoD synergistic mechanism from kinetic and metagenomic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Boran Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Zhang X, He X, Chen J, Li J, Wu Y, Chen Y, Yang Y. Whole-Genome Analysis of Termite-Derived Bacillus velezensis BV-10 and Its Application in King Grass Silage. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2697. [PMID: 38004709 PMCID: PMC10672971 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus velezensis (B. velezensis) is a cellulose-degrading strain that has the potential as an additive in fermented feed. B. velezensis BV-10 was isolated and screened from the termite gut. We sequenced the whole genome of this new source of B. velezensis to reveal its potential for use in cellulose degradation. Whole-genome sequencing of B. velezensis BV-10 showed that it has a circular chromosome of 3929792 bp containing 3873 coding genes with a GC content of 45.51% and many genes related to cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin degradation. King grass silage was inoculated with B. velezensis BV-10 and mixed with other feed additives to assess the effect of B. velezensis BV-10 on the fermentation quality of silage. Six treatment groups were established: the control, B. velezensis BV-10, molasses, cellulase, B. velezensis BV-10 plus molasses, and B. velezensis BV-10 plus cellulase groups. After 30 days of silage-fermentation testing, B. velezensis BV-10 was found to rapidly reduce the silage pH value and significantly reduce the acid-detergent fiber (ADF) content (p < 0.05). The addition of B. velezensis BV-10 plus molasses and cellulase in fermented feed significantly reduced the silage neutral-detergent fiber and ADF content and promoted organic-acid accumulation (p < 0.05). The above results demonstrate that B. velezensis BV-10 promotes the fermentation quality of silage and that this effect is greater when other silage-fermentation additives are included. In conclusion, genes involved in cellulose degradation in B. velezensis BV-10 were identified by whole-genome sequencing and further experiments explored the effects of B. velezensis BV-10 and different feed additives on the fermentation quality of king grass silage, revealing the potential of Bacillus velezensis as a new silage additive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuhui Yang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
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Hasaka S, Sakamoto S, Fujii K. The Potential of Digested Sludge-Assimilating Microflora for Biogas Production from Food Processing Wastes. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2321. [PMID: 37764166 PMCID: PMC10535770 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Food processing wastes (FPWs) are residues generated in food manufacturing, and their composition varies depending on the type of food product being manufactured. Therefore, selecting and acclimatizing seed microflora during the initiation of biogas production is crucial for optimal outcomes. The present study examined the biogas production capabilities of digested sludge-assimilating and biogas-yielding soil (DABYS) and enteric (DABYE) microflorae when used as seed cultures for biogas production from FPWs. After subculturing and feeding these microbial seeds with various FPWs, we assessed their biogas-producing abilities. The subcultures produced biogas from many FPWs, except orange peel, suggesting that the heterogeneity of the bacterial members in the seed microflora facilitates quick adaptation to FPWs. Microflorae fed with animal-derived FPWs contained several methanogenic archaeal families and produced methane. In contrast, microflorae fed with vegetable-, fruit-, and crop-derived FPWs generated hydrogen, and methanogenic archaeal populations were diminished by repeated subculturing. The subcultured microflorae appear to hydrolyze carbohydrates and protein in FPWs using cellulase, pectinase, or protease. Despite needing enhancements in biogas yield for future industrial scale-up, the DABYS and DABYE microflorae demonstrate robust adaptability to various FPWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sato Hasaka
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-cho, Hachioji 1920015, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saki Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-cho, Hachioji 1920015, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Fujii
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-cho, Hachioji 1920015, Tokyo, Japan
- Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Program, Graduate School of Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-cho, Hachioji 1920015, Tokyo, Japan
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Pandey S, Kim ES, Cho JH, Song M, Doo H, Kim S, Keum GB, Kwak J, Ryu S, Choi Y, Kang J, Lee JJ, Kim HB. Swine gut microbiome associated with non-digestible carbohydrate utilization. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1231072. [PMID: 37533451 PMCID: PMC10390834 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1231072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-digestible carbohydrates are an unavoidable component in a pig's diet, as all plant-based feeds contain different kinds of non-digestible carbohydrates. The major types of non-digestible carbohydrates include non-starch polysaccharides (such as cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose), resistant starch, and non-digestible oligosaccharides (such as fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide). Non-digestible carbohydrates play a significant role in balancing the gut microbial ecology and overall health of the swine by promoting the production of short chain fatty acids. Although non-digestible carbohydrates are rich in energy, swine cannot extract this energy on their own due to the absence of enzymes required for their degradation. Instead, they rely on gut microbes to utilize these carbohydrates for energy production. Despite the importance of non-digestible carbohydrate degradation, limited studies have been conducted on the swine gut microbes involved in this process. While next-generation high-throughput sequencing has aided in understanding the microbial compositions of the swine gut, specific information regarding the bacteria involved in non-digestible carbohydrate degradation remains limited. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate and comprehend the bacteria responsible for the breakdown of non-digestible carbohydrates in the gut. In this mini review, we have discussed the major bacteria involved in the fermentation of different types of non-digestible carbohydrates in the large intestine of swine, shedding light on their potential roles and contributions to swine nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriniwas Pandey
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sol Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Cho
- Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunok Doo
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheena Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Beom Keum
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinok Kwak
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Ryu
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Choi
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoun Kang
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Jae Lee
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Shweena Krishnani, Vineet, Tripathi NM, Kaur R, Aseri GK, Khare N, Sharma D, Singh D. Isolation and Identification of Benzoate Degrading Bacteria from Food Industry Effluent. J WATER CHEM TECHNO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s1063455x22030080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ajeje SB, Hu Y, Song G, Peter SB, Afful RG, Sun F, Asadollahi MA, Amiri H, Abdulkhani A, Sun H. Thermostable Cellulases / Xylanases From Thermophilic and Hyperthermophilic Microorganisms: Current Perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:794304. [PMID: 34976981 PMCID: PMC8715034 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.794304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioconversion of lignocellulose into monosaccharides is critical for ensuring the continual manufacturing of biofuels and value-added bioproducts. Enzymatic degradation, which has a high yield, low energy consumption, and enhanced selectivity, could be the most efficient and environmentally friendly technique for converting complex lignocellulose polymers to fermentable monosaccharides, and it is expected to make cellulases and xylanases the most demanded industrial enzymes. The widespread nature of thermophilic microorganisms allows them to proliferate on a variety of substrates and release substantial quantities of cellulases and xylanases, which makes them a great source of thermostable enzymes. The most significant breakthrough of lignocellulolytic enzymes lies in lignocellulose-deconstruction by enzymatic depolymerization of holocellulose into simple monosaccharides. However, commercially valuable thermostable cellulases and xylanases are challenging to produce in high enough quantities. Thus, the present review aims at giving an overview of the most recent thermostable cellulases and xylanases isolated from thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microbes. The emphasis is on recent advancements in manufacturing these enzymes in other mesophilic host and enhancement of catalytic activity as well as thermostability of thermophilic cellulases and xylanases, using genetic engineering as a promising and efficient technology for its economic production. Additionally, the biotechnological applications of thermostable cellulases and xylanases of thermophiles were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaila Boyi Ajeje
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guojie Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sunday Bulus Peter
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Richmond Godwin Afful
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mohammad Ali Asadollahi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Amiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Abdulkhani
- Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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Liu G, Li P, Hou L, Niu Q, Pu G, Wang B, Du T, Kim SW, Niu P, Li Q, Huang R. Metagenomic Analysis Reveals New Microbiota Related to Fiber Digestion in Pigs. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:746717. [PMID: 34867862 PMCID: PMC8637618 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.746717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Making full use of high fiber and low-cost crop coproducts is helpful to alleviate the situation of people and livestock competing for crops. Digestion of dietary fibers in pigs is mainly through microbial fermentation in the large intestine. To reveal microbiota related to fiber digestion in pigs, fecal samples have been collected from 274 healthy female Suhuai pigs at 160 days of age under the same feeding conditions and have measured apparent neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility. Samples from Suhuai pigs with extreme high and low apparent NDF digestibility and extreme high and low apparent ADF digestibility were subjected to shotgun metagenomic sequencing. At the species level, 62 microbial species in H_NDF group and 54 microbial species in H_ADF group were related to high fiber digestibility. Among them, Lachnospiraceae bacterium 3-1 and Alistipes sp. CAG:514 may be new types of microorganisms associated with fiber digestion. In addition, we found that more abundant GH5 and GH48 family (contribute to cellulose degradation) genes, GH39 and GH53 family (contribute to hemicellulose degradation) genes in microorganisms may contribute to the higher apparent NDF digestibility of pigs, and more abundant GH3 and GH9 family (contribute to cellulose degradation) genes in microorganisms may contribute to the higher apparent ADF digestibility of pigs. The abundance of AA4 family (helps in lignin degradation) genes in H_NDF and H_ADF groups was significantly higher than that in L_NDF and L_ADF groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Three pathways in H_NDF group and four pathways in H_ADF group are important pathways associated with degradation of non-starch polysaccharides, and their relative abundance is significantly higher than that in L_NDF and L_ADF groups, respectively. Gut microbiota of Suhuai pigs with high apparent fiber digestibility had higher abundance of genes and microbiota related to fiber digestion and may have stronger fiber digestion potential compared with low apparent fiber digestibility group. This study revealed that the characteristics of gut microbiota and microbial gene functions of pigs with high fiber apparent digestibility, which provided a theoretical basis and reference for further understanding the impact of gut microbiota on fiber digestibility of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gensheng Liu
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, China
| | - Pinghua Li
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, China
| | - Liming Hou
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, China
| | - Qing Niu
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Pu
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, China
| | - Taoran Du
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, China
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Peipei Niu
- Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Huaiyin Xinhuai Pig Breeding Farm, Huaian, China
| | - Ruihua Huang
- Institute of Swine Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Huaian Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huaian, China
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Lin W, Xu X, Lv R, Huang W, Ul Haq H, Gao Y, Ren H, Lan C, Tian B. Differential proteomics reveals main determinants for the improved pectinase activity in UV-mutagenized Aspergillus niger strain. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:909-918. [PMID: 33449253 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-03075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To reveal the potential mechanism and key determinants that contributed to the improved pectinase activity in Aspergillus niger mutant EIMU2, which was previously obtained by UV-mutagenesis from the wild-type A. niger EIM-6. RESULTS Proteomic analysis for Aspergillus niger EIMU2 by two-dimensional electrophoresis demonstrated that mutant EIMU2 harbored a multiple enzyme system for the degradation of pectin, mainly constituting by main-chain-cleaving enzymes polygalacturonase, pectate lyase, pectinesterase, and some accessory enzymes rhamnogalacturonan lyase and arabinofuranosidase. Further quantitatively differential proteomic analysis revealed that the quantities of four proteins, pectinesterase, rhamnogalacturonan lyase A, DNA-directed RNA polymerase A, and a hypothetical protein in strain EIMU2 were much higher than those in EIM-6. PCR amplification, sequencing and alignment analysis of genes for the two main members of pectin-degrading enzymes, pectate lyase and polygalacturonase showed that their sequences were completely consistent in A. niger EIM-6 and mutant EIMU2. CONCLUSIONS The result demonstrated that the improved pectinase activity by UV-mutagenesis in A. niger EIMU2 was probably contributed to the up-regulated expression of rhamnogalacturonan lyase, or pectinesterase, which resulted in the optimization of synergy amongst different components of pectin-degrading enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, No.8, Shangsan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.,Fujian Health College, Fuzhou, 350101, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Library, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Ruirui Lv
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, No.8, Shangsan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, No.8, Shangsan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.,Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Hafeez Ul Haq
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, No.8, Shangsan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, No.8, Shangsan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Hongli Ren
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, No.8, Shangsan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Canhua Lan
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, No.8, Shangsan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Baoyu Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, No.8, Shangsan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.
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Li S, Huang L, Ke C, Pang Z, Liu L. Pathway dissection, regulation, engineering and application: lessons learned from biobutanol production by solventogenic clostridia. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:39. [PMID: 32165923 PMCID: PMC7060580 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The global energy crisis and limited supply of petroleum fuels have rekindled the interest in utilizing a sustainable biomass to produce biofuel. Butanol, an advanced biofuel, is a superior renewable resource as it has a high energy content and is less hygroscopic than other candidates. At present, the biobutanol route, employing acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation in Clostridium species, is not economically competitive due to the high cost of feedstocks, low butanol titer, and product inhibition. Based on an analysis of the physiological characteristics of solventogenic clostridia, current advances that enhance ABE fermentation from strain improvement to product separation were systematically reviewed, focusing on: (1) elucidating the metabolic pathway and regulation mechanism of butanol synthesis; (2) enhancing cellular performance and robustness through metabolic engineering, and (3) optimizing the process of ABE fermentation. Finally, perspectives on engineering and exploiting clostridia as cell factories to efficiently produce various chemicals and materials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubo Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Chengzhu Ke
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Zongwen Pang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005 China
| | - Liming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
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10
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Wen Z, Li Q, Liu J, Jin M, Yang S. Consolidated bioprocessing for butanol production of cellulolytic Clostridia: development and optimization. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 13:410-422. [PMID: 31448546 PMCID: PMC7017829 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Butanol is an important bulk chemical, as well as a promising renewable gasoline substitute, that is commonly produced by solventogenic Clostridia. The main cost of cellulosic butanol fermentation is caused by cellulases that are required to saccharify lignocellulose, since solventogenic Clostridia cannot efficiently secrete cellulases. However, cellulolytic Clostridia can natively degrade lignocellulose and produce ethanol, acetate, butyrate and even butanol. Therefore, cellulolytic Clostridia offer an alternative to develop consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), which combines cellulase production, lignocellulose hydrolysis and co-fermentation of hexose/pentose into butanol in one step. This review focuses on CBP advances for butanol production of cellulolytic Clostridia and various synthetic biotechnologies that drive these advances. Moreover, the efforts to optimize the CBP-enabling cellulolytic Clostridia chassis are also discussed. These include the development of genetic tools, pentose metabolic engineering and the improvement of butanol tolerance. Designer cellulolytic Clostridia or consortium provide a promising approach and resource to accelerate future CBP for butanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wen
- School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Life SciencesSichuan Normal UniversityLongquan, Chengdu610101China
| | - Jinle Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
- Huzhou Center of Industrial BiotechnologyShanghai Institutes of Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
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11
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Krska D, Larsbrink J. Investigation of a thermostable multi-domain xylanase-glucuronoyl esterase enzyme from Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii incorporating multiple carbohydrate-binding modules. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:68. [PMID: 32308737 PMCID: PMC7151638 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient degradation of lignocellulosic biomass has become a major bottleneck in industrial processes which attempt to use biomass as a carbon source for the production of biofuels and materials. To make the most effective use of the source material, both the hemicellulosic as well as cellulosic parts of the biomass should be targeted, and as such both hemicellulases and cellulases are important enzymes in biorefinery processes. Using thermostable versions of these enzymes can also prove beneficial in biomass degradation, as they can be expected to act faster than mesophilic enzymes and the process can also be improved by lower viscosities at higher temperatures, as well as prevent the introduction of microbial contamination. RESULTS This study presents the investigation of the thermostable, dual-function xylanase-glucuronoyl esterase enzyme CkXyn10C-GE15A from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii. Biochemical characterization of the enzyme was performed, including assays for establishing the melting points for the different protein domains, activity assays for the two catalytic domains, as well as binding assays for the multiple carbohydrate-binding domains present in CkXyn10C-GE15A. Although the enzyme domains are naturally linked together, when added separately to biomass, the expected boosting of the xylanase action was not seen. This lack of intramolecular synergy might suggest, together with previous data, that increased xylose release is not the main beneficial trait given by glucuronoyl esterases. CONCLUSIONS Due to its thermostability, CkXyn10C-GE15A is a promising candidate for industrial processes, with both catalytic domains exhibiting melting temperatures over 70 °C. Of particular interest is the glucuronoyl esterase domain, as it represents the first studied thermostable enzyme displaying this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Krska
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Larsbrink
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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López-Mondéjar R, Algora C, Baldrian P. Lignocellulolytic systems of soil bacteria: A vast and diverse toolbox for biotechnological conversion processes. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
Fermentative hydrogen production via dark fermentation with the application of lignocellulosic biomass requires a multistep pre-treatment procedure, due to the complexed structure of the raw material. Hence, the comparison of the hydrogen productivity potential of different lignocellulosic materials (LCMs) in relation to the lignocellulosic biomass composition is often considered as an interesting field of research. In this study, several types of biomass, representing woods, cereals and grass were processed by means of mechanical pre-treatment and alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis. Hydrolysates were used in fermentative hydrogen production via dark fermentation process with Enterobacter aerogenes (model organism). The differences in the hydrogen productivity regarding different materials hydrolysates were analyzed using chemometric methods with respect to a wide dataset collected throughout this study. Hydrogen formation, as expected, was positively correlated with glucose concentration and total reducing sugars amount (YTRS) in enzymatic hydrolysates of LCMs, and negatively correlated with concentrations of enzymatic inhibitors i.e., HMF, furfural and total phenolic compounds in alkaline-hydrolysates LCMs, respectively. Interestingly, high hydrogen productivity was positively correlated with lignin content in raw LCMs and smaller mass loss of LCM after pre-treatment step. Besides results of chemometric analysis, the presented data analysis seems to confirm that the structure and chemical composition of lignin and hemicellulose present in the lignocellulosic material is more important to design the process of its bioconversion than the proportion between the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content in this material. For analyzed LCMs we found remarkable higher potential of hydrogen production via bioconversion process of woods i.e., beech (24.01 mL H2/g biomass), energetic poplar (23.41 mL H2/g biomass) or energetic willow (25.44 mL H2/g biomass) than for cereals i.e., triticale (17.82 mL H2/g biomass) and corn (14.37 mL H2/g biomass) or for meadow grass (7.22 mL H2/g biomass).
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Córdova O, Passos F, Chamy R. Enzymatic Pretreatment of Microalgae: Cell Wall Disruption, Biomass Solubilisation and Methane Yield Increase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:787-797. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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15
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Singh G, Patel AK, Gupta A, Gupta D, Mishra VK. Current Advancements in Recombinant Technology for Industrial Production of Cellulases: Part-II. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14726-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Kucharska K, Łukajtis R, Słupek E, Cieśliński H, Rybarczyk P, Kamiński M. Hydrogen Production from Energy Poplar Preceded by MEA Pre-Treatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23113029. [PMID: 30463326 PMCID: PMC6278490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23113029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The need to pre-treat lignocellulosic biomass prior to dark fermentation results primarily from the composition of lignocellulose because lignin hinders the processing of hard wood towards useful products. Hence, in this work a two-step approach for the pre-treatment of energy poplar, including alkaline pre-treatment and enzymatic saccharification followed by fermentation has been studied. Monoethanolamine (MEA) was used as the alkaline catalyst and diatomite immobilized bed enzymes were used during saccharification. The response surface methodology (RSM) method was used to determine the optimal alkaline pre-treatment conditions resulting in the highest values of both total released sugars (TRS) yield and degree of lignin removal. Three variable parameters (temperature, MEA concentration, time) were selected to optimize the alkaline pre-treatment conditions. The research was carried out using the Box-Behnken design. Additionally, the possibility of the re-use of both alkaline as well as enzymatic reagents was investigated. Obtained hydrolysates were subjected to dark fermentation in batch reactors performed by Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 with a final result of 22.99 mL H₂/g energy poplar (0.6 mol H₂/mol TRS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kucharska
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Rafał Łukajtis
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Edyta Słupek
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Hubert Cieśliński
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Piotr Rybarczyk
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marian Kamiński
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Clostridial whole cell and enzyme systems for hydrogen production: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:567-575. [PMID: 30446778 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Strictly anaerobic bacteria of the Clostridium genus have attracted great interest as potential cell factories for molecular hydrogen production purposes. In addition to being a useful approach to this process, dark fermentation has the advantage of using the degradation of cheap agricultural residues and industrial wastes for molecular hydrogen production. However, many improvements are still required before large-scale hydrogen production from clostridial metabolism is possible. Here we review the literature on the basic biological processes involved in clostridial hydrogen production, and present the main advances obtained so far in order to enhance the hydrogen productivity, as well as suggesting some possible future prospects.
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Lazuka A, Auer L, O’Donohue M, Hernandez-Raquet G. Anaerobic lignocellulolytic microbial consortium derived from termite gut: enrichment, lignocellulose degradation and community dynamics. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:284. [PMID: 30356893 PMCID: PMC6191919 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulose is the most abundant renewable carbon resource that can be used for biofuels and commodity chemicals production. The ability of complex microbial communities present in natural environments that are specialized in biomass deconstruction can be exploited to develop lignocellulose bioconversion processes. Termites are among the most abundant insects on earth and play an important role in lignocellulose decomposition. Although their digestive microbiome is recognized as a potential reservoir of microorganisms producing lignocellulolytic enzymes, the potential to enrich and maintain the lignocellulolytic activity of microbial consortia derived from termite gut useful for lignocellulose biorefinery has not been assessed. Here, we assessed the possibility of enriching a microbial consortium from termite gut and maintaining its lignocellulose degradation ability in controlled anaerobic bioreactors. RESULTS We enriched a termite gut-derived consortium able to transform lignocellulose into carboxylates under anaerobic conditions. To assess the impact of substrate natural microbiome on the enrichment and the maintenance of termite gut microbiome, the enrichment process was performed using both sterilized and non-sterilized straw. The enrichment process was carried out in bioreactors operating under industrially relevant aseptic conditions. Two termite gut-derived microbial consortia were obtained from Nasutitermes ephratae by sequential batch culture on raw wheat straw as the sole carbon source. Analysis of substrate loss, carboxylate production and microbial diversity showed that regardless of the substrate sterility, the diversity of communities selected by the enrichment process strongly changed compared to that observed in the termite gut. Nevertheless, the community obtained on sterile straw displayed higher lignocellulose degradation capacity; it showed a high xylanase activity and an initial preference for hemicellulose. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that it is possible to enrich and maintain a microbial consortium derived from termite gut microbiome in controlled anaerobic bioreactors, producing useful carboxylates from raw biomass. Our results suggest that the microbial community is shaped both by the substrate and the conditions that prevail during enrichment. However, when aseptic conditions are applied, it is also affected by the biotic pressure exerted by microorganisms naturally present in the substrate and in the surrounding environment. Besides the efficient lignocellulolytic consortium enriched in this study, our results revealed high levels of xylanase activity that can now be further explored for enzyme identification and overexpression for biorefinery purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Lazuka
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés - LISBP, UMR5504, UMR792, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Lucas Auer
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés - LISBP, UMR5504, UMR792, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Michael O’Donohue
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés - LISBP, UMR5504, UMR792, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Guillermina Hernandez-Raquet
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés - LISBP, UMR5504, UMR792, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
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19
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Co-Digestion of Napier Grass and Its Silage with Cow Dung for Bio-Hydrogen and Methane Production by Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion Process. ENERGIES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/en11010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Artzi L, Bayer EA, Moraïs S. Cellulosomes: bacterial nanomachines for dismantling plant polysaccharides. Nat Rev Microbiol 2017; 15:83-95. [PMID: 27941816 DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cellulosomes are multienzyme complexes that are produced by anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria for the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. They comprise a complex of scaffoldin, which is the structural subunit, and various enzymatic subunits. The intersubunit interactions in these multienzyme complexes are mediated by cohesin and dockerin modules. Cellulosome-producing bacteria have been isolated from a large variety of environments, which reflects their prevalence and the importance of this microbial enzymatic strategy. In a given species, cellulosomes exhibit intrinsic heterogeneity, and between species there is a broad diversity in the composition and configuration of cellulosomes. With the development of modern technologies, such as genomics and proteomics, the full protein content of cellulosomes and their expression levels can now be assessed and the regulatory mechanisms identified. Owing to their highly efficient organization and hydrolytic activity, cellulosomes hold immense potential for application in the degradation of biomass and are the focus of much effort to engineer an ideal microorganism for the conversion of lignocellulose to valuable products, such as biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Artzi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Edward A Bayer
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sarah Moraïs
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Kumar S, Arumugam N, Permaul K, Singh S. Chapter 5 Thermostable Enzymes and Their Industrial Applications. Microb Biotechnol 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315367880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
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22
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Song HT, Liu SH, Gao Y, Yang YM, Xiao WJ, Xia WC, Liu ZL, Li R, Ma XD, Jiang ZB. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of corncobs with genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae and characterization of their microstructure during hydrolysis. Bioengineered 2016; 7:198-204. [PMID: 27116398 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2016.1178424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is an abundant natural polysaccharide that is universally distributed. It can be extracted from corncobs, which are inexpensive, easily accessible, renewable, and environmentally friendly. A common strategy for effectively utilizing cellulose is efficient heterogeneous expression of cellulase genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the improvement of cellulose utilization is a relevant issue. Based on our previous findings, we constructed an integrated secretion expression vector, pHBM368-pgk, containing a constitutive promoter sequence. Three genetically modified S. cerevisiae strains containing heterologous β-glucosidase, exoglucanase, and endoglucanase genes were constructed. The results of a 1-L bioreactor fermentation process revealed that the mixed recombinant S. cerevisiae could efficiently carry out simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) by using corncobs as the sole carbon source. The ethanol concentration reached 6.37 g/L after 96 hours of fermentation, which was about 3 times higher than that produced by genetically modified S. cerevisiae with the inducible promoter sequence. To investigate the microstructure characteristics of hydrolyzed corncobs during the fermentation process, corncob residues were detected by using a scanning electron microscope. This study provides a feasible method to improve the effect of SSF using corncobs as the sole carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Song
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China.,b Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response , College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Shi-Hui Liu
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Yi-Min Yang
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Wu-Cheng Xia
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Zi-Lu Liu
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Rong Li
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Dong Ma
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Bing Jiang
- a Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China.,c Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Hubei University , Wuhan , P. R. China
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Marchetti R, Berrin JG, Couturier M, Ul Qader SA, Molinaro A, Silipo A. NMR analysis of the binding mode of two fungal endo-β-1,4-mannanases from GH5 and GH26 families. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:314-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01851j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A different mode of action among two endo-β-1,4 mannanases from Podospora anserina has been revealed through an accurate NMR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Marchetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Università di Napoli Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- Naples
- Italy
| | | | | | - Shah Ali Ul Qader
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Università di Napoli Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Università di Napoli Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Università di Napoli Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- Naples
- Italy
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Lusk BG, Khan QF, Parameswaran P, Hameed A, Ali N, Rittmann BE, Torres CI. Characterization of Electrical Current-Generation Capabilities from Thermophilic Bacterium Thermoanaerobacter pseudethanolicus Using Xylose, Glucose, Cellobiose, or Acetate with Fixed Anode Potentials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:14725-14731. [PMID: 26569143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b04036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thermoanaerobacter pseudethanolicus 39E (ATCC 33223), a thermophilic, Fe(III)-reducing, and fermentative bacterium, was evaluated for its ability to produce current from four electron donors-xylose, glucose, cellobiose, and acetate-with a fixed anode potential (+ 0.042 V vs SHE) in a microbial electrochemical cell (MXC). Under thermophilic conditions (60 °C), T. pseudethanolicus produced high current densities from xylose (5.8 ± 2.4 A m(-2)), glucose (4.3 ± 1.9 A m(-2)), and cellobiose (5.2 ± 1.6 A m(-2)). It produced insignificant current when grown with acetate, but consumed the acetate produced from sugar fermentation to produce electrical current. Low-scan cyclic voltammetry (LSCV) revealed a sigmoidal response with a midpoint potential of -0.17 V vs SHE. Coulombic efficiency (CE) varied by electron donor, with xylose at 34.8% ± 0.7%, glucose at 65.3% ± 1.0%, and cellobiose at 27.7% ± 1.5%. Anode respiration was sustained over a pH range of 5.4-8.3, with higher current densities observed at higher pH values. Scanning electron microscopy showed a well-developed biofilm of T. pseudethanolicus on the anode, and confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated a maximum biofilm thickness (Lf) greater than ~150 μm for the glucose-fed biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley G Lusk
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University , P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States
| | - Qaiser Farid Khan
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University , P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Prathap Parameswaran
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University , P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States
| | - Abdul Hameed
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University , P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States
| | - Cesar I Torres
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University , P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University , 501 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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Enhanced hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: Bi-functional enzyme complexes expressed inPichia pastorisimprove bioethanol production fromMiscanthus sinensis. Biotechnol J 2015; 10:1912-9. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Enhancement of Cellulase and Xylanase Production Using pH-Shift and Dissolved Oxygen Control Strategy with Streptomyces griseorubens JSD-1. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:338-52. [PMID: 26458885 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1875-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the production of cellulase and xylanase by Streptomyces griseorubens JSD-1 was improved by integrating the pH-shift and dissolved oxygen (DO)-constant control strategies. The pH-shift control strategy was carried out by analyzing the specific cell growth rate (μ) and specific enzyme formation rate (Q p) of S. griseorubens JSD-1. The pH was controlled at 8.0 during the first 48 h to maintain high cell growth, which then shifted to 7.5 after 48 h to improve the production of cellulase and xylanase. Using this method, the maximum activities of cellulase, xylanase, and filter paper enzyme (FPase) increased by 47.9, 29.5, and 113.6 %, respectively, compared to that obtained without pH control. On the basis of pH-shift control, the influence of DO concentrations on biomass and enzyme production was further investigated. The maximum production of cellulase, xylanase, and FPase reached 114.38 ± 0.96 U mL(-1), 330.57 ± 2.54 U mL(-1), and 40.11 ± 0.38 U mL(-1), which were about 1.6-fold, 0.6-fold, and 3.2-fold higher than that of neutral pH without DO control conditions. These results supplied a functional approach for improving cellulase and xylanase production.
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Wang J, Yang X, Chen CC, Yang ST. Engineering clostridia for butanol production from biorenewable resources: from cells to process integration. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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