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Zhao Y, Fan Q, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhu M, Wang X, Shen L. Self-Assembly of Three-Dimensional Hyperbranched Magnetic Composites and Application in High-Turbidity Water Treatment. Molecules 2024; 29:3639. [PMID: 39125045 PMCID: PMC11314458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to improve dispersibility, polymerization characteristics, chemical stability, and magnetic flocculation performance, magnetic Fe3O4 is often assembled with multifarious polymers to realize a functionalization process. Herein, a typical three-dimensional configuration of hyperbranched amino acid polymer (HAAP) was employed to assemble it with Fe3O4, in which we obtained three-dimensional hyperbranched magnetic amino acid composites (Fe3O4@HAAP). The characterization of the Fe3O4@HAAP composites was analyzed, for instance, their size, morphology, structure, configuration, chemical composition, charged characteristics, and magnetic properties. The magnetic flocculation of kaolin suspensions was conducted under different Fe3O4@HAAP dosages, pHs, and kaolin concentrations. The embedded assembly of HAAP with Fe3O4 was constructed by the N-O bond according to an X-ray photoelectron energy spectrum (XPS) analysis. The characteristic peaks of -OH (3420 cm-1), C=O (1728 cm-1), Fe-O (563 cm-1), and N-H (1622 cm-1) were observed in the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) spectra of Fe3O4@HAAP successfully. In a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) observation, Fe3O4@HAAP exhibited a lotus-leaf-like morphological structure. A vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) showed that Fe3O4@HAAP had a relatively low magnetization (Ms) and magnetic induction (Mr); nevertheless, the ferromagnetic Fe3O4@HAAP could also quickly respond to an external magnetic field. The isoelectric point of Fe3O4@HAAP was at 8.5. Fe3O4@HAAP could not only achieve a 98.5% removal efficiency of kaolin suspensions, but could also overcome the obstacles induced by high-concentration suspensions (4500 NTU), high pHs, and low fields. The results showed that the magnetic flocculation of kaolin with Fe3O4@HAAP was a rapid process with a 91.96% removal efficiency at 0.25 h. In an interaction energy analysis, both the UDLVO and UEDLVO showed electrostatic repulsion between the kaolin particles in the condition of a flocculation distance of <30 nm, and this changed to electrostatic attraction when the separation distance was >30 nm. As Fe3O4@ HAAP was employed, kaolin particles could cross the energy barrier more easily; thus, the fine flocs and particles were destabilized and aggregated further. Rapid magnetic separation was realized under the action of an external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Qianlong Fan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Yinhua Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Junhui Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Mengcheng Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Ling Shen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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Soudagar MEM, Kiong TS, Jathar L, Nik Ghazali NN, Ramesh S, Awasarmol U, Ong HC. Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141540. [PMID: 38423144 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The development of algae is seen as a potential and ecologically sound approach to address the increasing demands in multiple sectors. However, successful implementation of processes is highly dependent on effective growing and harvesting methods. The present study provides a complete examination of contemporary techniques employed in the production and harvesting of algae, with a particular emphasis on their sustainability. The review begins by examining several culture strategies, encompassing open ponds, closed photobioreactors, and raceway ponds. The analysis of each method is conducted in a systematic manner, with a particular focus on highlighting their advantages, limitations, and potential for expansion. This approach ensures that the conversation is in line with the objectives of sustainability. Moreover, this study explores essential elements of algae harvesting, including the processes of cell separation, dewatering, and biomass extraction. Traditional methods such as centrifugation, filtration, and sedimentation are examined in conjunction with novel, environmentally concerned strategies including flocculation, electro-coagulation, and membrane filtration. It evaluates the impacts on the environment that are caused by the cultivation process, including the usage of water and land, the use of energy, the production of carbon dioxide, and the runoff of nutrients. Furthermore, this study presents a thorough examination of the current body of research pertaining to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) studies, presenting a perspective that emphasizes sustainability in the context of algae harvesting systems. In conclusion, the analysis ends up with an examination ahead at potential areas for future study in the cultivation and harvesting of algae. This review is an essential guide for scientists, policymakers, and industry experts associated with the advancement and implementation of algae-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand - 248002, India; Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, 64001, Iraq.
| | - Tiong Sieh Kiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Laxmikant Jathar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Army Institute of Technology, Pune, 411015, India.
| | - Nik Nazri Nik Ghazali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - S Ramesh
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Umesh Awasarmol
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Army Institute of Technology, Pune, 411015, India.
| | - Hwai Chyuan Ong
- Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Li X, Zhao W, Chen J, Wang F. Dosage impact of submerged plants extracts on Microcystis aeruginosa growth: From hormesis to inhibition. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 268:115703. [PMID: 37979364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Allelopathy has been demonstrated to be an environmentally friendly way to control harmful algal blooms. Allelochemicals of submerged plants have attracted extensive research due to their bioavailability. The dose-response of submerged plant extracts on algae growth is worth further study to improve the efficiency of bioremediation. In this study, the ultrasonic-enzymatic assistance method was utilized to extract allelochemicals from Ceratophyllum, Myriophyllum spicatum, and Vallisneria. The effects of low-dosage and high-dosage extracts on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa were compared based on cell biomass and morphology, photosynthetic parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The results showed that the three submerged plant extracts exhibited hormetic effects at low dosages and inhibitory effects at high dosages on algal growth. Within 48 h of cultivation, the enzymatic activities of Microcystis aeruginosa fluctuated, suggesting that the extracts of the three submerged plants induced different oxidative reactions. After 120 h of cultivation with high-dosage extracts, the physiological and biochemical reactions of Microcystis aeruginosa significantly decreased, indicating the effectiveness of the allelopathy of Ceratophyllum, Myriophyllum spicatum, and Vallisneria extracts in controlling algal blooms. The phenomenon of hormesis and inhibition effect confirmed a significant dose-response relationship between the allelochemicals of submerged plant extracts and Microcystis aeruginosa, which could be attributed to the composition and content of allelochemicals. These findings highlight the importance of the relative concentration of the biological algaecide and will benefit other researchers in determining the safe dosage of plant allelochemicals when used in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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Song J, Xu Z, Chen Y, Guo J. Nanoparticles, an Emerging Control Method for Harmful Algal Blooms: Current Technologies, Challenges, and Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2384. [PMID: 37630969 PMCID: PMC10457966 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are a global concern because they harm aquatic ecosystems and pose a risk to human health. Various physical, chemical, and biological approaches have been explored to control HABs. However, these methods have limitations in terms of cost, environmental impact, and effectiveness, particularly for large water bodies. Recently, the use of nanoparticles has emerged as a promising strategy for controlling HABs. Briefly, nanoparticles can act as anti-algae agents via several mechanisms, including photocatalysis, flocculation, oxidation, adsorption, and nutrient recovery. Compared with traditional methods, nanoparticle-based approaches offer advantages in terms of environmental friendliness, effectiveness, and specificity. However, the challenges and risks associated with nanoparticles, such as their toxicity and ecological impact, must be considered. In this review, we summarize recent research progress concerning the use of nanoparticles to control HABs, compare the advantages and disadvantages of different types of nanoparticles, discuss the factors influencing their effectiveness and environmental impact, and suggest future directions for research and development in this field. Additionally, we explore the causes of algal blooms, their harmful effects, and various treatment methods, including restricting eutrophication, biological control, and disrupting living conditions. The potential of photocatalysis for generating reactive oxygen species and nutrient control methods using nanomaterials are also discussed in detail. Moreover, the application of flocculants/coagulants for algal removal is highlighted, along with the challenges and potential solutions associated with their use. This comprehensive overview aims to contribute to the development of efficient and sustainable strategies for controlling HAB control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (Z.X.)
| | - Jiaqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (Z.X.)
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5
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Lashani E, Amoozegar MA, Turner RJ, Moghimi H. Use of Microbial Consortia in Bioremediation of Metalloid Polluted Environments. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040891. [PMID: 37110315 PMCID: PMC10143001 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Metalloids are released into the environment due to the erosion of the rocks or anthropogenic activities, causing problems for human health in different world regions. Meanwhile, microorganisms with different mechanisms to tolerate and detoxify metalloid contaminants have an essential role in reducing risks. In this review, we first define metalloids and bioremediation methods and examine the ecology and biodiversity of microorganisms in areas contaminated with these metalloids. Then we studied the genes and proteins involved in the tolerance, transport, uptake, and reduction of these metalloids. Most of these studies focused on a single metalloid and co-contamination of multiple pollutants were poorly discussed in the literature. Furthermore, microbial communication within consortia was rarely explored. Finally, we summarized the microbial relationships between microorganisms in consortia and biofilms to remove one or more contaminants. Therefore, this review article contains valuable information about microbial consortia and their mechanisms in the bioremediation of metalloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Lashani
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14178-64411, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14178-64411, Iran;
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (H.M.); Tel.: +98-21-66415495 (H.M.)
| | - Raymond J. Turner
- Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Hamid Moghimi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14178-64411, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (H.M.); Tel.: +98-21-66415495 (H.M.)
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Niksefat M, Rahimi J, Maleki A, Nia AS. N-rich porous triazine based organic polymer composed with magnetic for high-efficiency removal of blue-green microalgae from wastewater. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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7
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Wood EE, Ross ME, Jubeau S, Montalescot V, Stanley MS. Progress towards a targeted biorefinery of Chromochloris zofingiensis: a review. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2022; 14:8127-8152. [PMID: 38510795 PMCID: PMC10948469 DOI: 10.1007/s13399-022-02955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Biorefinery approaches offer the potential to improve the economics of the microalgae industry by producing multiple products from a single source of biomass. Chromochloris zofingiensis shows great promise for biorefinery due to high biomass productivity and a diverse range of products including secondary carotenoids, predominantly astaxanthin; lipids such as TAGs; carbohydrates including starch; and proteins and essential amino acids. Whilst this species has been demonstrated to accumulate multiple products, the development of an integrated downstream process to obtain these is lacking. The objective of this review paper is to assess the research that has taken place and to identify the steps that must be taken to establish a biorefinery approach for C. zofingiensis. In particular, the reasons why C. zofingiensis is a promising species to target for biorefinery are discussed in terms of cellular structure, potential products, and means to accumulate desirable components via the alteration of culture conditions. Future advances and the challenges that lie ahead for successful biorefinery of this species are also reviewed along with potential solutions to address them. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13399-022-02955-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor E. Wood
- University of the Highlands and Islands (UHI); Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, PA37 1QA UK
- Xanthella Ltd, Malin House, European Marine Science Park, Dunstaffnage, Argyll, Oban PA37 1SZ Scotland, UK
| | - Michael E. Ross
- University of the Highlands and Islands (UHI); Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, PA37 1QA UK
| | - Sébastien Jubeau
- Xanthella Ltd, Malin House, European Marine Science Park, Dunstaffnage, Argyll, Oban PA37 1SZ Scotland, UK
| | | | - Michele S. Stanley
- University of the Highlands and Islands (UHI); Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, PA37 1QA UK
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Chen Z, Qiu S, Yu Z, Li M, Ge S. Enhanced Secretions of Algal Cell-Adhesion Molecules and Metal Ion-Binding Exoproteins Promote Self-Flocculation of Chlorella sp. Cultivated in Municipal Wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11916-11924. [PMID: 34424674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of self-flocculation remains unclear, partially impeding its efficiency enhancement and commercial application of microalgae-based municipal wastewater (MW) bioremediation technology. This study revealed the contributions of exoproteins [PN, proteins in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)] to the separation of indigenous microalgae from treated MW. Compared to the low light intensity group, the high light intensity (HL) group produced Chlorella sp. with 4.3-fold higher self-flocculation efficiencies (SE). This was attributed to the enriched biological functions and positional rearrangement of increased PN within 2.9-fold higher EPS. Specifically, a total of 75 PN was over-expressed in the HL group among the 129 PN identified through label-free proteomics. The algal cell-adhesion molecules (Algal-CAMs) and metal-ion-binding PN were demonstrated as two dominant contributors promoting cell adhesion and bridging, through function prediction based on the contained domains. The modeled 3D structure showed that Algal-CAMs presented less hydrophilic α-helix abundance and were distributed in the outermost position of the EPS matrix, further facilitating microalgal separation. Moreover, the 10.1% lower hydrophily degree value, negative interfacial free energy (-19.5 mJ/m2), and 6.8-fold lower energy barrier between cells also supported the observed higher SE. This finding is expected to further fill the knowledge gap of the role of PN in microalgal self-flocculation and promote the development of biomass recovery from the microalgae-wastewater system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
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9
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Yin P, Yu T, Liu J, Zhang X. Harvesting of Rhodotorula glutinis via Polyaluminum Chloride or Cationic Polyacrylamide Using the Extended DLVO Theory. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:2717-2728. [PMID: 33830424 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) play a crucial role for separating microorganisms from bulk media. However, the mechanism of adsorption between cells and flocculants remain to be further defined to improve the flocculation efficiency (FE) in extreme conditions. This study conducted the flocculation process of Rhodotorula glutinis induced by PAC and CPAM, firstly. The result demonstrated that CPAM possessed more efficient harvesting ability for R. glutinis compared to PAC. The difference of flocculation capacity was then thermodynamically explained by the extended DLVO (eDLVO) theory; it turned out that the poor harvesting efficiency of PAC was attributed to lacking of binding sites as well as low adsorption force within particles. Based on this, the FE of PAC to R. glutinis was mechanically enhanced to 99.84% from 32.89% with 0.2 g/L CPAM modification at an optimum pH of 9. Also, the paper will play a guiding role in the treatment of inorganic salt ions and organic matters in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yin
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, No.11 Bai Wan Zhuang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Yu
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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Bio-Flocculation Property Analyses of Oleaginous Microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides UTEX 2341. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13052885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The bio-flocculation ability of UTEX 2341 was studied for the purpose of improving microalgae harvesting efficiency to cut the high cost of biofuel production. The algae cells of UTEX 2341 cultured under heterotrophic and municipal wastewater conditions were found to have better self-flocculation ability, with flocculation rates of 92% and 85% at 2 h, respectively. Moreover, the flocculation rates of 16 freeze-dried microalgae powder samples cultured under different stress conditions were 0~72% with an algae powder dosage of 35 mg L−1. The flocculation efficiency of DIM, DCd1, DT28, and L6S was stable under different pH of 3~9 and temperatures of 15~50 °C. For samples of IM, LCd0.6, LMn2, and LZn2, the flocculation efficiency decreased or increased respectively with increased pH or temperatures. Though the flocculation properties of the eight samples showed wide differences, their flocculant compositions were almost the same with unknown components occupying large proportions. More studies needed to be further carried out to reveal the flocculation mechanisms and analyze the flocculation abilities in practical application, which would be conducive to future large-scale application of the bio-flocculation method and also cost reduction.
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Yang J, Shi W, Fang F, Guo J, Lu L, Xiao Y, Jiang X. Exploring the feasibility of sewage treatment by algal–bacterial consortia. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:169-179. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1709796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenxin Shi
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Fang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinsong Guo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lunhui Lu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Roy M, Mohanty K. A comprehensive review on microalgal harvesting strategies: Current status and future prospects. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Zhu LD, Hiltunen E, Li Z. Using magnetic materials to harvest microalgal biomass: evaluation of harvesting and detachment efficiency. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:1006-1012. [PMID: 29219747 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1415379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using naked iron oxide (Fe3O4) and yttrium iron oxide (Y3Fe5O12) nanoparticles as flocculants, the harvesting efficiency of Chlorella vulgaris biomass was investigated. The harvesting process includes two steps, which are the separation of microalgae from the culture solution with the magnetic nanoparticles and then the separation of the algae from the magnetic nanoparticles. The optimal dosages and pH values for the magnetic harvesting of microalgal biomass were determined. Results showed that Y3Fe5O12 nanoparticles were more efficient in microalgal biomass harvesting than Fe3O4 nanoparticles. In an effort to achieve more than 90% of harvesting efficiency, optimal dosages for Fe3O4 and Y3Fe5O12 to harvest microalgal biomass were 10 and 2.5 g/L, while the appropriate pH values were 6.2 and 7.3, respectively. The harvesting efficiency of Fe3O4 and Y3Fe5O12 nanoparticles increased as the pH value decreased. The experimental results also showed that under a higher pH value Fe3O4 nanoparticles were much easier to be separated from the flocs than Y3Fe5O12. 62.9% of Fe3O4 nanoparticles could be de-attached from the aggregates, when the floc pH value reached 12.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-D Zhu
- a School of Resource and Environmental Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
- b Faculty of Technology, and Vaasa Energy Institute , University of Vaasa , Vaasa , Finland
| | - Erkki Hiltunen
- b Faculty of Technology, and Vaasa Energy Institute , University of Vaasa , Vaasa , Finland
| | - Zhaohua Li
- c Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, and Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science , Hubei University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
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Zhang S, Merino N, Okamoto A, Gedalanga P. Interkingdom microbial consortia mechanisms to guide biotechnological applications. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:833-847. [PMID: 30014573 PMCID: PMC6116752 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial consortia are capable of surviving diverse conditions through the formation of synergistic population-level structures, such as stromatolites, microbial mats and biofilms. Biotechnological applications are poised to capitalize on these unique interactions. However, current artificial co-cultures constructed for societal benefits, including biosynthesis, agriculture and bioremediation, face many challenges to perform as well as natural consortia. Interkingdom microbial consortia tend to be more robust and have higher productivity compared with monocultures and intrakingdom consortia, but the control and design of these diverse artificial consortia have received limited attention. Further, feasible research techniques and instrumentation for comprehensive mechanistic insights have only recently been established for interkingdom microbial communities. Here, we review these recent advances in technology and our current understanding of microbial interaction mechanisms involved in sustaining or developing interkingdom consortia for biotechnological applications. Some of the interactions among members from different kingdoms follow similar mechanisms observed for intrakingdom microbial consortia. However, unique interactions in interkingdom consortia, including endosymbiosis or interkingdom-specific cell-cell interactions, provide improved mitigation to external stresses and inhibitory compounds. Furthermore, antagonistic interactions among interkingdom species can promote fitness, diversification and adaptation, along with the production of beneficial metabolites and enzymes for society. Lastly, we shed light on future research directions to develop study methods at the level of metabolites, genes and meta-omics. These potential research methods could lead to the control and utilization of highly diverse microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials ScienceNational Institute for Material Science1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologyNorris Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Southern California1441 Eastlake StreetLos AngelesCA90033USA
- Present address:
Section of Infection and ImmunityHerman Ostrow School of DentistryUniversity of Southern CaliforniaCA90089‐0641USA
| | - Nancy Merino
- Earth‐Life Science InstituteTokyo Institute of Technology, 2‐12‐1‐I7E‐323Ookayama, Meguro‐kuTokyo 152‐8550Japan
- Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Southern California, 835 Bloom Walk, SHS 562Los AngelesCA 90089‐0740USA
| | - Akihiro Okamoto
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials ScienceNational Institute for Material Science1‐1 NamikiTsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Phillip Gedalanga
- Department of Health ScienceCalifornia State University Fullerton, 800 North State College BoulevardFullertonCA 92831‐3599USA
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15
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Srivastava A, Seo SH, Ko SR, Ahn CY, Oh HM. Bioflocculation in natural and engineered systems: current perspectives. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:1176-1194. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1451984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Srivastava
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Seo
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Ko
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Ahn
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Mock Oh
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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16
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Wu X, Zhou C, Li K, Zhang W, Tao Y. Probing the fouling process and mechanisms of submerged ceramic membrane ultrafiltration during algal harvesting under sub- and super-critical fluxes. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Ummalyma SB, Gnansounou E, Sukumaran RK, Sindhu R, Pandey A, Sahoo D. Bioflocculation: An alternative strategy for harvesting of microalgae - An overview. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 242:227-235. [PMID: 28314665 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae based research has been extensively progressed for the production of value added products and biofuels. Potential application of microalgae for biofuel is recently gained more attention for possibilities of biodiesel and other high value metabolites. However, high cost of production of biomass associated with harvesting technologies is one of the major bottleneck for commercialization of algae based industrial product. Based on the operation economics, harvesting efficiency, technological possibilities, flocculation of algal biomass is a superior method for harvesting microalgae from the growth medium. In this article, latest trends of microalgal cell harvesting through flocculation are reviewed with emphasis on current progress and prospect in environmental friendly bio-based flocculation approach. Bio-flocculation based microalgae harvesting technologies is a promising strategy for low cost microalgal biomass production for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeela Beevi Ummalyma
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Imphal 795001, Manipur, India.
| | - Edgard Gnansounou
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Institute of Urban and Regional Sciences, GC A3, Station 18, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rajeev K Sukumaran
- Centre for Biofuels, Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Centre for Biofuels, Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Biofuels, Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum 695019, India; Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali 160 071, India
| | - Dinabandhu Sahoo
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Imphal 795001, Manipur, India
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18
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Li Y, Xu Y, Liu L, Jiang X, Zhang K, Zheng T, Wang H. First evidence of bioflocculant from Shinella albus with flocculation activity on harvesting of Chlorella vulgaris biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:807-15. [PMID: 27423548 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioflocculant from Shinella albus xn-1 could be used to harvest energy-producing microalga Chlorella vulgaris biomass for the first time. In this study, we investigated the flocculation activity and mode of strain xn-1, the characteristics of bioflocculant, the effect of flocculation conditions and optimized the flocculation efficiency. The results indicated that strain xn-1 exhibited flocculation activity through secreting bioflocculant; the bioflocculant with high thermal stability, pH stability and low molecular weight was proved to be not protein and polysaccharide, and flocculation active component was confirmed to contain triple bond and cumulated double bonds; algal pH, temperature and metal ions showed great impacts on the flocculation efficiency of bioflocculant; the maximum flocculation activity of bioflocculant reached 85.65% after the response surface optimization. According to the results, the bioflocculant from S. albus xn-1 could be a good potential in applications for high-efficiency harvesting of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanting Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hailei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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19
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Liu J, Zhang X, Tan T. Mechanistically harvesting of Chlorella vulgaris and Rhodotorula glutinis via modified montmorillonoid. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:737-742. [PMID: 27420162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the flocculation process of Chlorella vulgaris and Rhodotorula glutinis induced by inorganic salts modified montmorillonoid was conducted. The maximum flocculation efficiency (FE) of 98.50% for C. vulgaris and 11.83% for R. glutinis were obtained with 4g/L and 5g/L flocculant within the dosage scope of 1-5g/L. The difference of FE was then thermodynamically explained by the extended DLVO theory and the FE of R. glutinis was mechanically enhanced to 90.66% with 0.06g/L cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) at an optimum pH of 9. After that, aimed to utilize the remainder flocculant capacity, C. vulgaris culture was added to the aggregation of R. glutinis. Fortunately, the coagulation of R. glutinis and C. Vulgaris was achieved with 0.05g/L CPAM and 5g/L flocculant at pH 9 and the FE reached 90.15% and 91.24%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Tianwei Tan
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
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20
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Ge S, Champagne P, Wang H, Jessop PG, Cunningham MF. Microalgae Recovery from Water for Biofuel Production Using CO2-Switchable Crystalline Nanocellulose. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7896-903. [PMID: 27314988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a pressing need to develop efficient and sustainable approaches to harvesting microalgae for biofuel production and water treatment. CO2-switchable crystalline nanocellulose (CNC) modified with 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole (APIm) is proposed as a reversible coagulant for harvesting microalgae. Compared to native CNC, the positively charged APIm-modified CNC, which dispersed well in carbonated water, showed appreciable electrostatic interaction with negatively charged Chlorella vulgaris upon CO2-treatment. The gelation between the modified CNC, triggered by subsequent air sparging, can also enmesh adjacent microalgae and/or microalgae-modified CNC aggregates, thereby further enhancing harvesting efficiencies. Moreover, the surface charges and dispersion/gelation of APIm-modified CNC could be reversibly adjusted by alternatively sparging CO2/air. This CO2-switchability would make the reusability of redispersed CNC for further harvesting possible. After harvesting, the supernatant following sedimentation can be reused for microalgal cultivation without detrimental effects on cell growth. The use of this approach for harvesting microalgae presents an advantage to other current methods available because all materials involved, including the cellulose, CO2, and air, are natural and biocompatible without adverse effects on the downstream processing for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Ge
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University , 58 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Pascale Champagne
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University , 58 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University , 19 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Haidong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University , 19 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Philip G Jessop
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Michael F Cunningham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University , 19 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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21
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Enhanced Harvesting of Chlorella vulgaris Using Combined Flocculants. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:791-804. [PMID: 27206558 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel flocculation strategy for harvesting Chlorella vulgaris with combined flocculants, poly (γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) and calcium oxide (CaO), has been developed. The effect of flocculant dosage, the order of flocculant addition, mixing speed, and growth stage on the harvesting efficiency was evaluated. Results showed that the flocculation using combined flocculants significantly decreases the flocculant dosage and settling time compared with control. It was also found that CaO and γ-PGA influenced microalgal flocculation by changing the zeta potential of cells and pH of microalgal suspension. The most suitable order of flocculant addition was CaO first and then γ-PGA. The optimal mixing speed was 200 rpm for 0.5 min, followed by 50 rpm for another 4.5 min for CaO and γ-PGA with the highest flocculation efficiency of 95 % and a concentration factor of 35.5. The biomass concentration and lipid yield of the culture reusing the flocculated medium were similar to those when a fresh medium was used. Overall, the proposed method requires low energy input, alleviates biomass and water contamination, and reduces utilization of water resources and is feasible for harvesting C. vulgaris for biofuel and other bio-based chemical production.
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22
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Hua L, Guo L, Thakkar M, Wei D, Agbakpe M, Kuang L, Magpile M, Chaplin BP, Tao Y, Shuai D, Zhang X, Mitra S, Zhang W. Effects of anodic oxidation of a substoichiometric titanium dioxide reactive electrochemical membrane on algal cell destabilization and lipid extraction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 203:112-117. [PMID: 26722810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Efficient algal harvesting, cell pretreatment and lipid extraction are the major steps challenging the algal biofuel industrialization. To develop sustainable solutions for economically viable algal biofuels, our research aims at devising innovative reactive electrochemical membrane (REM) filtration systems for simultaneous algal harvesting and pretreatment for lipid extraction. The results in this work particularly demonstrated the use of the Ti4O7-based REM in algal pretreatment and the positive impacts on lipid extraction. After REM treatment, algal cells exhibited significant disruption in morphology and photosynthetic activity due to the anodic oxidation. Cell lysis was evidenced by the changes of fluorescent patterns of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the treated algal suspension. The lipid extraction efficiency increased from 15.2 ± 0.6 g-lipidg-algae(-1) for untreated algae to 23.4 ± 0.7 g-lipidg-algae(-1) for treated algae (p<0.05), which highlights the potential to couple algal harvesting with cell pretreatment in an integrated REM filtration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Hua
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Lun Guo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States
| | - Megha Thakkar
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Dequan Wei
- Research Center of Environmental Engineering & Management, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Michael Agbakpe
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Liyuan Kuang
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Maraha Magpile
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Brian P Chaplin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States
| | - Yi Tao
- Research Center of Environmental Engineering & Management, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Danmeng Shuai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, United States
| | - Xihui Zhang
- Research Center of Environmental Engineering & Management, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Somenath Mitra
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Wen Zhang
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States.
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23
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Ge S, Champagne P. Nutrient removal, microalgal biomass growth, harvesting and lipid yield in response to centrate wastewater loadings. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 88:604-612. [PMID: 26562797 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of wastewater, with four different nutrient loadings, from synthetic centrate on biomass production, nutrient removal, microalgal settling, and lipid production were investigated in photobioreactors under both batch and, subsequently, semi-continuous operations. At higher centrate concentration factors (17.2% and 36.2%), hydraulic retention time and pH adjustments could be employed to sustain acceptable microalgal growth rates and wastewater treatment. Similar nutrient removals efficiencies (>95%) and biomass production (0.42-0.51 g/L) were observed for the four centrate concentrations. Both the lipid productivity and lipid content decreased with increasing nutrient loading in the wastewater. The results also demonstrated that the mass ratio of carbohydrate to protein could provide a good indication of microalgal settling performance, rather than sole component composition or total extracellular polymeric substances. The highest settling efficiency (42.3 ± 0.04% after 24 h) and lowest lipid content (10.2 ± 1.6%) were observed for the lowest mass ratio of carbohydrate to protein (0.74 ± 0.15) noted in the microalgae cultivated in the wastewater with the highest centrate concentration factor (36.2%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Ge
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Pascale Champagne
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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24
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Lei X, Chen Y, Shao Z, Chen Z, Li Y, Zhu H, Zhang J, Zheng W, Zheng T. Effective harvesting of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris via flocculation-flotation with bioflocculant. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 198:922-5. [PMID: 26391967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bioflocculant from Cobetia marina L03 could be used for effective harvesting of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris via flocculation-flotation. A flotation efficiency of 92.7% was observed when 20 mg L(-1) bioflocculant was tested for flocculating the microalgal cells with 5mM CaCl2. The bioflocculant was stable at wide ranges of pH and temperature, which is advantageous for its application under various conditions. Chemical analysis of the bioflocculant indicated that it is composed of 31.6% total sugar and 0.2% protein (w/w). This bioflocculant has potential for the high-efficiency harvesting of microalgae and may be useful in reducing one of the barriers to microalgal biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zongze Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhangran Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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25
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Ge S, Agbakpe M, Zhang W, Kuang L, Wu Z, Wang X. Recovering Magnetic Fe3O4-ZnO Nanocomposites from Algal Biomass Based on Hydrophobicity Shift under UV Irradiation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:11677-11682. [PMID: 25965291 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b03472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic separation, one of the promising bioseparation technologies, faces the challenges in recovery and reuse of magnetic agents during algal harvesting for biofuel extraction. This study synthesized a steric acid (SA)-coated Fe3O4-ZnO nanocomposite that could shift hydrophobicity under UV365 irradiation. Our results showed that with the transition of surface hydrophobicity under UV365 irradiation, magnetic nanocomposites detached from the concentrated algal biomass. The detachment was partially induced by the oxidation of SA coating layers due to the generation of radicals (e.g., •OH) by ZnO under UV365 illumination. Consequently, the nanocomposite surface shifted from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, which significantly reduced the adhesion between magnetic particles and algae as predicted by the extended Derjaguin and Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (EDLVO) theory. Such unique hydrophobicity shift may also find many other potential applications that require recovery, recycle, and reuse of valuable nanomaterials to increase sustainability and economically viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Ge
- †John A. Reif, Jr., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Michael Agbakpe
- †John A. Reif, Jr., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Wen Zhang
- †John A. Reif, Jr., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Liyuan Kuang
- †John A. Reif, Jr., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Zhiyi Wu
- ‡Department of Chemical Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Xianqin Wang
- ‡Department of Chemical Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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26
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Exploring the potential of algae/bacteria interactions. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 33:125-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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27
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Ge S, Agbakpe M, Zhang W, Kuang L. Heteroaggregation between PEI-coated magnetic nanoparticles and algae: effect of particle size on algal harvesting efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:6102-6108. [PMID: 25738208 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal interactions between magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) and algal cells are of paramount significance to magnetophoretic separation of algal biomass from water. This study evaluated the size effect of magnetic NPs (MNPs) coated with polyethylenimine (PEI) on the separation efficiency of Scenedesmus dimorphus as well as on the recovery efficiency of MNPs from algal biomass. Results showed that algal harvesting efficiency (HE) increased from ca. 60% to 85% as the diameter of PEI-coated MNPs increased from 9 to 53 nm. Likewise, algal recovery capacity (algae/MNPs, w/w) also showed the same size dependence. But a large size (247 nm) led to a decline of algal HE, which was correctly interpreted by a settling model that predicts large sizes of MNPs could eventually reduce the settling velocity under magnetophoresis. The extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory revealed that the particle size and PEI coating both influenced the interaction energies (e.g., energy barrier) between MNPs and algae. Particularly, PEI coating significantly reduced the energy barrier between MNPs and algae and thereby increased their heteroaggregation and algal HE. Moreover, PEI-coated MNPs were recovered from the harvested algae biomass through a chemical-free ultrasonic method, and the recovery efficiency appeared to be higher for larger MNPs. Overall, the synthesized sizes of applied MNPs will not only affect algal HE but also have economic implications on magnetophoretic algal separation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Ge
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Michael Agbakpe
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Wen Zhang
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Liyuan Kuang
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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Zhang W, Zhang X. Adsorption of MS2 on oxide nanoparticles affects chlorine disinfection and solar inactivation. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 69:59-67. [PMID: 25437338 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption on colloidal particles is one of the environmental processes affecting fate, transport, viability or reproducibility of viruses. This work studied colloidal interactions (adsorption kinetics and isotherms) between different oxide nanoparticles (NPs) (i.e., TiO2, NiO, ZnO, SiO2, and Al2O3) and bacteriophage, MS2. The results shows that that all oxide NPs exhibited strong adsorption capacity for MS2, except SiO2 NPs, which is supported by the extended Derjaguin and Landau, Verwey and Overbeek (EDLVO) theory. Moreover, the implication of such colloidal interactions on water disinfection is manifested by the observations that the presence of TiO2 and ZnO NPs could enhance MS2 inactivation under solar irradiation, whereas NiO and SiO2 decreased MS2 inactivation. By contrast, all of these oxide NPs were found to mitigate chlorine disinfection against MS2 to different extent, and the shielding effect was probably caused by reduced free chlorine and free MS2 in the solution due to sorption onto NPs. Clearly, there is a pressing need to further understand colloidal interactions between engineered NPs and viruses in water to better improve the current water treatment processes and to develop novel nanomaterials for water disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
| | - Xuezhi Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
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Ge S, Agbakpe M, Wu Z, Kuang L, Zhang W, Wang X. Influences of surface coating, UV irradiation and magnetic field on the algae removal using magnetite nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:1190-6. [PMID: 25486124 DOI: 10.1021/es5049573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Magnetophoretic separation is a promising and sustainable technology for rapid algal separation or removal from water. This work demonstrated the application of magnetic magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with a cationic polymer, polyethylenimine (PEI), toward the separation of Scenedesmus dimorphus from the medium broth. The influences of surface coating, UV irradiation, and magnetic field on the magnetophoretic separation were systematically examined. After PEI coating, zeta potential of MNPs shifted from −7.9 ± 2.0 to +39.0 ± 3.1 mV at a pH of 7.0, which improved MNPs-algae interaction and helped reduce the dose demand of MNPs (e.g., from 0.2 to 0.1 g·g(–1) while the harvesting efficiency (HE) of over 80% remained unchanged). The extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory predicted a strong attractive force between PEI-coated MNPs and algae, which supported the improved algal harvesting. Moreover, the HE was greater under the UV365 irradiation than that under the UV254, and increased with the irradiation intensity. Continuous application of the external magnetic field at high strength remarkably improved the algal harvesting. Finally, the reuse of MNPs for multiple cycles of algal harvesting was studied, which aimed at increasing the sustainability and lowering the cost.
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