1
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Khodadadianzaghmari F, Jahadi M, Goli M. Biochemical profile of Scenedesmus isolates, with a main focus on the fatty acid profile. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:5922-5931. [PMID: 39139969 PMCID: PMC11317656 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Biochemical characterization of new microalgal strains that are isolated from diverse environmental conditions is an important starting point for the establishment of high-quality feedstock for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications. In this research study, the biochemical composition of three Iranian native subspecies of Scenedesmus microalgae (Scenedesmus obliquus, Scenedesmus bijugusi, and Scenedesmus sp.), with the main focus on fatty acid composition, was studied. The results showed that the strain Scenedesmus bijugusi had the highest biomass productivity (48 g/L/d), biomass (0.73%), carbohydrate (13.97%), fat (16.27%), protein (44.04%), chlorophyll-a (6.32 mg/g), and carotenoids (3.7 mg/g). The lipid profile also revealed that S. obliquus had the highest percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acid (46.52%), ratio of ∑n-3/∑n-6 (5.96), ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid (PUFA/SAF) (1.18), α-linolenic acid (22.74%), hypocholesterolemia index (1.61), and low atherogenic index (0.34). S. bijugusi and S. obliquus, thus, showed a great promise in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications due to their appropriate high productivity, biopigment, protein, lipid, antioxidant activity, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and α-linolenic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Khodadadianzaghmari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
| | - Mahshid Jahadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
| | - Mohammad Goli
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Laser and Biophotonics in Biotechnologies Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
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2
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Torres MJ, Bellido-Pedraza CM, Llamas A. Applications of the Microalgae Chlamydomonas and Its Bacterial Consortia in Detoxification and Bioproduction. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:940. [PMID: 39202682 PMCID: PMC11355400 DOI: 10.3390/life14080940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The wide metabolic diversity of microalgae, their fast growth rates, and low-cost production make these organisms highly promising resources for a variety of biotechnological applications, addressing critical needs in industry, agriculture, and medicine. The use of microalgae in consortia with bacteria is proving valuable in several areas of biotechnology, including the treatment of various types of wastewater, the production of biofertilizers, and the extraction of various products from their biomass. The monoculture of the microalga Chlamydomonas has been a prominent research model for many years and has been extensively used in the study of photosynthesis, sulphur and phosphorus metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, respiration, and flagellar synthesis, among others. Recent research has increasingly recognised the potential of Chlamydomonas-bacteria consortia as a biotechnological tool for various applications. The detoxification of wastewater using Chlamydomonas and its bacterial consortia offers significant potential for sustainable reduction of contaminants, while facilitating resource recovery and the valorisation of microalgal biomass. The use of Chlamydomonas and its bacterial consortia as biofertilizers can offer several benefits, such as increasing crop yields, protecting crops, maintaining soil fertility and stability, contributing to CO2 mitigation, and contributing to sustainable agricultural practises. Chlamydomonas-bacterial consortia play an important role in the production of high-value products, particularly in the production of biofuels and the enhancement of H2 production. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential of Chlamydomonas monoculture and its bacterial consortia to identify current applications and to propose new research and development directions to maximise their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. Torres
- Correspondence: (M.J.T.); (A.L.); Tel.: +34-957-218352 (M.J.T. & A.L.)
| | | | - Angel Llamas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus de Rabanales and Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edif. Severo Ochoa, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
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3
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Liu X, Tang K, Hu J. Application of Cyanobacteria as Chassis Cells in Synthetic Biology. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1375. [PMID: 39065143 PMCID: PMC11278661 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biology is an exciting new area of research that combines science and engineering to design and build new biological functions and systems. Predictably, with the development of synthetic biology, more efficient and economical photosynthetic microalgae chassis will be successfully constructed, making it possible to break through laboratory research into large-scale industrial applications. The synthesis of a range of biochemicals has been demonstrated in cyanobacteria; however, low product titers are the biggest barrier to the commercialization of cyanobacterial biotechnology. This review summarizes the applied improvement strategies from the perspectives of cyanobacteria chassis cells and synthetic biology. The harvest advantages of cyanobacterial products and the latest progress in improving production strategies are discussed according to the product status. As cyanobacteria synthetic biology is still in its infancy, apart from the achievements made, the difficulties and challenges in the application and development of cyanobacteria genetic tool kits in biochemical synthesis, environmental monitoring, and remediation were assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jinlu Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (X.L.); (K.T.)
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4
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Wang Y, Li L, Zhao D, Zhou W, Chen L, Su G, Zhang Z, Liu T. Surface patterns of mortar plates influence Spirulina platensis biofilm attached cultivation: Experiment and modeling. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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5
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Ji C, Wang H, Cui H, Zhang C, Li R, Liu T. Characterization and evaluation of substratum material selection for microalgal biofilm cultivation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2707-2721. [PMID: 36922440 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm cultivation is considered a promising method to achieve higher microalgae biomass productivity with less water consumption and easier harvest compared to conventional suspended cultivation. However, studies focusing on the selection of substratum material and optimization of the growth of certain microalgae species on specific substratum are limited. This study investigated the selection of membranous and fabric fiber substrata for the attachment of unicellular microalgae Scenedesmus dimorphus and filamentous microalgae Tribonema minus in biofilm cultivation. The results indicated that both algal species preferred hydrophilic membranous substrata and nitrate cellulose/cellulose acetate membrane (CN-CA) was selected as a suitable candidate on which the obtained biomass yields were up to 10.24 and 7.81 g m-2 day-1 for S. dimorphus and T. minus, respectively. Furthermore, high-thread cotton fiber (HCF) and low-thread polyester fiber (LPEF) were verified as the potential fabric fiber substrata for S. dimorphus (5.42 g m-2 day-1) and T. minus (5.49 g m-2 day-1) attachment, respectively. The regrowth of microalgae biofilm cultivation strategy was applied to optimize the algae growth on the fabric fiber substrata, with higher biomass density and shear resistibility achieved for both algal species. The present data highlight the importance to establish the standards for selection the suitable substratum materials in ensuring the high efficiency and sustainability of the attached microalgal biomass production. KEY POINTS: • CN-CA was suitable membranous substratum candidate for algal biofilm cultivation. • HCF and LPEF were potential fabric fiber substrata for S. dimorphus and T. minus. • Regrowth biofilm cultivation was effective in improving algal biomass and attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Ji
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Hongli Cui
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Runzhi Li
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Tianzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China.
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6
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Rawindran H, Syed R, Alangari A, Khoo KS, Lim JW, Sahrin NT, Suparmaniam U, Raksasat R, Liew CS, Leong WH, Kiatkittipong W, Shahid MK, Hara H, Shaharun MS. Mechanistic behaviour of Chlorella vulgaris biofilm formation onto waste organic solid support used to treat palm kernel expeller in the recent Anthropocene. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 222:115352. [PMID: 36716802 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The capacity to maximize the proliferation of microalgal cells by means of topologically textured organic solid surfaces under various pH gave rise to the fundamental biophysical analysis of cell-surface attachment in this study. The substrate used in analysis was palm kernel expeller (PKE) in which the microalgal cells had adhered onto its surface. The findings elucidated the relevance of surface properties in terms of surface wettability and surface energy in relation to the attached microalgal growth with pH as the limiting factor. The increase in hydrophobicity of PKE-microalgae attachment was able to facilitate the formation of biofilm better. The pH 5 and pH 11 were found to be the conditions with highest and lowest microalgal growths, respectively, which were in tandem with the highest contact angle value at pH 5 and conversely for pH 11. The work of attachment (Wcs) had supported the derived model with positive values being attained for all the pH conditions, corroborating the thermodynamic feasibility. Finally, this study had unveiled the mechanism of microalgal attachment onto the surface of PKE using the aid of extracellular polymeric surfaces (EPS) from microalgae. Also, the hydrophobic nature of PKE enabled excellent attachment alongside with nutrients for microalgae to grow and from layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. This assembly was then isolated using organosolv method by means of biphasic solvents, namely, methanol and chloroform, to induce detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemamalini Rawindran
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Rabbani Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alangari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia; Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India.
| | - Nurul Tasnim Sahrin
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Uganeeswary Suparmaniam
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Ratchaprapa Raksasat
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Chin Seng Liew
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Wai Hong Leong
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Worapon Kiatkittipong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand.
| | - Muhammad Kashif Shahid
- Research Institute of Environment & Biosystem, Chungnam National University, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hirofumi Hara
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Maizatul Shima Shaharun
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
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7
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Dong H, Liu W, Zhang H, Wang Z, Feng F, Zhou L, Duan H, Xu T, Li X, Ma J. Enhanced biomass production and wastewater treatment in attached co-culture of Chlorella pyrenoidosa with nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azotobacter beijerinckii. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:707-716. [PMID: 36829077 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02855-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Algae-bacteria symbiosis can promote the growth of microalgae and improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment. Attached culture is an efficient culture technique for microalgae, with benefits of high yield, low water consumption and easy harvesting. However, the promoting effects of bacteria on microalgae in attached culture are still unclear. In this study, different forms of a nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Azotobacter beijerinckii (including bacteria supernatant, live bacteria, and broken bacteria), were co-cultured with Chlorella pyrenoidosa in an attached culture system using wastewater as the culture medium. The results showed that the broken A. beijerinckii form had the best growth promotion effect on C. pyrenoidosa. Compared with the pure algae culture, the biomass of C. pyrenoidosa increased by 71.8% and the protein increased by 28.2%. The live bacteria form had the best effect on improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment by C. pyrenoidosa, with the COD, PO43- and NH4+-N removal rates increased by 20.8%, 18.5% and 8.9%, respectively, in comparison with the pure algae culture. The attached co-culture mode promoted the growth of C. pyrenodisa better than the suspended co-culture mode. This research offers a new way for improving microalgae biomass and wastewater treatment by attached algae-bacteria symbiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwen Dong
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.,Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China. .,Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.,Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Shandong Tiantai Environmental Technology Co. LTD, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, China
| | - Lixiu Zhou
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.,Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Huijie Duan
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.,Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Tongtong Xu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.,Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.,Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Junjian Ma
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
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8
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Rosmahadi NA, Rawindran H, Lim JW, Kiatkittipong W, Assabumrungrat S, Najdanovic-Visak V, Wang J, Chidi BS, Ho CD, Abdelfattah EA, Lam SM, Sin JC. Enhancing growth environment for attached microalgae to populate onto spent coffee grounds in producing biodiesel. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2022; 169:112940. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
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9
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Dong H, Liu W, Zhang H, Zheng X, Duan H, Zhou L, Xu T, Ruan R. Improvement of phosphate solubilizing bacteria Paenibacillus xylanexedens on the growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and wastewater treatment in attached cultivation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135604. [PMID: 35809743 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A symbiotic system of algae-bacteria, and attached cultivation, are two ways to increase microalgae biomass, and beneficially effect wastewater treatment. However, the possible advantages of the algae-bacteria co-culture in attached cultivation, are still unclear. This paper investigates the effects of different morphologies of a phosphate solubilizing bacteria-Paenibacillus xylanexedens (bacteria supernatant, bacteria, broken bacteria), on the growth of microalgae-Chlorella pyrenoidosa and wastewater treatment in an attached co-culture system. The results show that the broken bacteria had the most significant effect, with the biomass and protein content of Chlorella pyrenoidosa increasing by 125.67% and 25.04%; and the removal rate of COD, NH4+-N and PO43- in wastewater increasing by 23.57%, 146.15% and 9.96% respectively. This indicates that the intracellular material of the Paenibacillus xylanexedens was more effective in promoting the biomass growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and the removal rates of COD, NH4+-N and PO43-, compared to the algae growing without the bacteria. The algae-bacteria symbiotic attached mode was superior to the suspended mode, in terms of both Chlorella pyrenoidosa biomass enhancement and effective wastewater treatment. The addition of different morphologies of Paenibacillus xylanexedens significantly enlarged the difference between the two culture modes. This study provides a new method for coupled algae-bacteria co-cultures for wastewater treatment, based on the symbiotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwen Dong
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xuebo Zheng
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Huijie Duan
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Lixiu Zhou
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Tongtong Xu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
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10
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The intrinsic characteristics of microalgae biofilm and their potential applications in pollutants removal — A review. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Wong YY, Rawindran H, Lim JW, Tiong ZW, Liew CS, Lam MK, Kiatkittipong W, Abdelfattah EA, Oh WD, Ho YC. Attached microalgae converting spent coffee ground into lipid for biodiesel production and sequestering atmospheric CO2 simultaneously. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Walther J, Erdmann N, Stoffel M, Wastian K, Schwarz A, Strieth D, Muffler K, Ulber R. Passively immobilized cyanobacteria Nostoc species BB 92.2 in a moving bed photobioreactor (MBPBR): design, cultivation and characterization. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:1467-1482. [PMID: 35211957 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. BB 92.3. had shown antibacterial activity. A cultivation as biofilm, a self-forming matrix of cells and extracellular polymeric substances, increased the antibacterial effect. A new photobioreactor system was developed that allows a surface-associated cultivation of Nostoc sp. as biofilm. High-density polyethylene carriers operated as a moving bed were selected as surface for biomass immobilization. This system, well established in heterotrophic wastewater treatment, was for the first time used for phototrophic biofilms. The aim was a cultivation on a large scale without inhibiting growth while maximizing immobilization. Cultivation in a small photobioreactor (1.5 L) with different volumetric filling degrees of carriers (13.4-53.8 %) in a batch process achieved immobilization rates of 70-85 % and growth was similar to a no-carrier-control. In a larger photobioreactor (65-liter) essentially all of the biomass was immobilized on the carriers and the space-time yield of biomass (0.018 gcell dry weight L-1 day-1 ) was competitive compared to phototrophic biofilm cultivations from literature. The use of carriers increased the gas exchange in the reactor by a factor of 2.5-3, but doubled the mixing time. Enriched gassing with carbon dioxide resulted in a short-term increase in growth rate, but unexpectedly it also adversely changed the growth morphology. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Walther
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Niklas Erdmann
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Michael Stoffel
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Katharina Wastian
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Anna Schwarz
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Berlinstr. 109, 55411, Bingen, Germany
| | - Dorina Strieth
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Kai Muffler
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Berlinstr. 109, 55411, Bingen, Germany
| | - Roland Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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13
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Chaiklahan R, Chirasuwan N, Srinorasing T, Attasat S, Nopharatana A, Bunnag B. Enhanced biomass and phycocyanin production of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis by a cultivation management strategy: Light intensity and cell concentration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126077. [PMID: 34601024 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the cultivation of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis BP in a photobioreactor under light intensities of 635, 980, 1300, and 2300 µmol m-2 s-1, using a semi-continuous mode to keep cell concentration at optical densities (OD) of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8. The highest productivity of biomass (0.62 g L-1 d-1) and phycocyanin (123 mg L-1 d-1) were obtained when cells were grown under a light intensity of 2300 µmol m-2 s-1 at OD 0.6. At this concentration, the efficiency of energy consumption to the biomass of algae was around 2.26-2.31 g (kW h)-1 d-1, while, a maximum photosynthetic efficiency of 8.02% was obtained under a light intensity of 635 µmol m-2 s-1 at OD 0.8. This indicates how light intensity, cell concentration, and light-dark conditions can enhance biomass and phycocyanin production, if well manipulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratana Chaiklahan
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thain, Bangkok 10150, Thailand.
| | - Nattayaporn Chirasuwan
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thain, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Thanyarat Srinorasing
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thain, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Shewin Attasat
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thain, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Annop Nopharatana
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thain, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Boosya Bunnag
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thain, Bangkok 10150, Thailand; School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thain, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
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14
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Puzorjov A, Dunn KE, McCormick AJ. Production of thermostable phycocyanin in a mesophilic cyanobacterium. Metab Eng Commun 2021; 13:e00175. [PMID: 34168957 PMCID: PMC8209669 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2021.e00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycocyanin (PC) is a soluble phycobiliprotein found within the light-harvesting phycobilisome complex of cyanobacteria and red algae, and is considered a high-value product due to its brilliant blue colour and fluorescent properties. However, commercially available PC has a relatively low temperature stability. Thermophilic species produce more thermostable variants of PC, but are challenging and energetically expensive to cultivate. Here, we show that the PC operon from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 (cpcBACD) is functional in the mesophile Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Expression of cpcBACD in an 'Olive' mutant strain of Synechocystis lacking endogenous PC resulted in high yields of thermostable PC (112 ± 1 mg g-1 DW) comparable to that of endogenous PC in wild-type cells. Heterologous PC also improved the growth of the Olive mutant, which was further supported by evidence of a functional interaction with the endogenous allophycocyanin core of the phycobilisome complex. The thermostability properties of the heterologous PC were comparable to those of PC from T. elongatus, and could be purified from the Olive mutant using a low-cost heat treatment method. Finally, we developed a scalable model to calculate the energetic benefits of producing PC from T. elongatus in Synechocystis cultures. Our model showed that the higher yields and lower cultivation temperatures of Synechocystis resulted in a 3.5-fold increase in energy efficiency compared to T. elongatus, indicating that producing thermostable PC in non-native hosts is a cost-effective strategy for scaling to commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Puzorjov
- SynthSys & Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Katherine E. Dunn
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK
| | - Alistair J. McCormick
- SynthSys & Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
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15
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Kruyer NS, Realff MJ, Sun W, Genzale CL, Peralta-Yahya P. Designing the bioproduction of Martian rocket propellant via a biotechnology-enabled in situ resource utilization strategy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6166. [PMID: 34697313 PMCID: PMC8546151 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26393-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mars colonization demands technological advances to enable the return of humans to Earth. Shipping the propellant and oxygen for a return journey is not viable. Considering the gravitational and atmospheric differences between Mars and Earth, we propose bioproduction of a Mars-specific rocket propellant, 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO), from CO2, sunlight and water on Mars via a biotechnology-enabled in situ resource utilization (bio-ISRU) strategy. Photosynthetic cyanobacteria convert Martian CO2 into sugars that are upgraded by engineered Escherichia coli into 2,3-BDO. A state-of-the-art bio-ISRU for 2,3-BDO production uses 32% less power and requires a 2.8-fold higher payload mass than proposed chemical ISRU strategies, and generates 44 tons of excess oxygen to support colonization. Attainable, model-guided biological and materials optimizations result in an optimized bio-ISRU that uses 59% less power and has a 13% lower payload mass, while still generating 20 tons excess oxygen. Addressing the identified challenges will advance prospects for interplanetary space travel. Returning from Mars to Earth requires propellant. The authors propose a biotechnology-enabled in situ resource utilization (bioISRU) process to produce a Mars specific rocket propellant, 2,3-butanediol, using cyanobacteria and engineered E. coli, with lower payload mass and energy usage compared to chemical ISRU strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Kruyer
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Matthew J Realff
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Wenting Sun
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Caroline L Genzale
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Pamela Peralta-Yahya
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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16
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Moreno Osorio JH, Pollio A, Frunzo L, Lens PNL, Esposito G. A Review of Microalgal Biofilm Technologies: Definition, Applications, Settings and Analysis. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2021.737710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-based algal cultivation has many advantages over the conventional suspended growth methods and has received increased attention as a potential platform for algal production, wastewater treatment (nutrient removal), and a potential pathway to supply feedstock for microalgae-based biorefinery attempts. However, the attached cultivation by definition and application is a result of a complex interaction between the biotic and abiotic components involved. Therefore, the entire understanding of the biofilm nature is still a research challenge due to the need for real-time analysis of the system. In this review, the state of the art of biofilm definition, its life cycle, the proposed designs of bioreactors, screening of carrier materials, and non-destructive techniques for the study of biofilm formation and performance are summarized. Perspectives for future research needs are also discussed to provide a primary reference for the further development of microalgal biofilm systems.
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17
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Assuaging Microalgal Harvesting Woes via Attached Growth: A Critical Review to Produce Sustainable Microalgal Feedstock. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132011159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Third-generation biofuels that are derived from microalgal biomass have gained momentum as a way forward in the sustainable production of biodiesel. Such efforts are propelled by the intention to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels as the primary source of energy. Accordingly, growing microalgal biomass in the form of suspended cultivation has been a conventional technique for the past few decades. To overcome the inevitable harvesting shortcomings arising from the excessive energy and time needed to separate the planktonic microalgal cells from water medium, researchers have started to explore attached microalgal cultivation systems. This cultivation mode permits the ease of harvesting mature microalgal biomass, circumventing the need to employ complex harvesting techniques to single out the cells, and is economically attractive. However, the main bottleneck associated with attached microalgal growth is low biomass production due to the difficulties the microalgal cells have in forming attachment and populating thereafter. In this regard, the current review encompasses the novel techniques adopted to promote attached microalgal growth. The physicochemical effects such as the pH of the culture medium, hydrophobicity, as well as the substratum surface properties and abiotic factors that can determine the fate of exponential growth of attached microalgal cells, are critically reviewed. This review aims to unveil the benefits of an attached microalgal cultivation system as a promising harvesting technique to produce sustainable biodiesel for lasting applications.
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18
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Ali S, Paul Peter A, Chew KW, Munawaroh HSH, Show PL. Resource recovery from industrial effluents through the cultivation of microalgae: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125461. [PMID: 34198241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Industrial effluents such as pharmaceutical residues, pesticides, dyes, and metal processes holds abundant value-added products (VAPs), where its recovery has become essential. The purpose of such recovery is for sustainable treatment, which is an approach that considers the economic, social, and environmental aspects. Microalgae with its potential in the recovery process from effluents, can reduce energy usage of waste management strategies and regenerate nutrients such as carbon, phosphorus, and nitrogen. Microalgae cultures offer the use of inorganic materials by microalgae for their growth and the help of bacteria to produce biomass, thus, resulting in the absence of secondary emissions due to its ability to eliminate volatile organic compounds. Moreover, recovered bioactive compounds are transformed into bioethanol, bio-fertilizers, biopolymer, health supplements and animal feed. Therefore, it is significant to focus on an economical and efficient utilization of microalgae in recovering nutrients that can be further used in various commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Ali
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Angela Paul Peter
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh
- Study Program of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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19
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Zhu B, Xiao T, Shen H, Li Y, Ma X, Zhao Y, Pan K. Effects of CO2 concentration on carbon fixation capability and production of valuable substances by Spirulina in a columnar photobioreactor. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Surface attached cultivation and filtration of microalgal biofilm in a ceramic substrate photobioreactaor. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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21
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Sun Y, Yu G, Xiao G, Duan Z, Dai C, Hu J, Wang Y, Yang Y, Jiang X. Enhancing CO 2 photo-biochemical conversion in a newly-designed attached photobioreactor characterized by stacked horizontal planar waveguide modules. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:144041. [PMID: 33341632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at alleviating the adverse effects on attached microalgae biofilm growth caused by heterogeneous spatial light distributions within the attached cultivation photobioreactors (PBRs), an innovative PBR integrated with stacked horizontal planar waveguide modules (SHPW-PBR) was proposed in this work. Different from the conventional PBR, the emergent light from the external LED light bars were guided and evenly redistributed within the SHPW-PBR by the planar waveguides and hence provided light energy for microalgae cells photoautotrophic growth. In comparison with the control PBR, the average light intensity illuminating the attached Chlorella vulgaris biofilm in the SHPW-PBR was elevated by 204.11% and contributed to a 145.20% improvement on areal C. vulgaris biofilm production. Thereafter, responses of attached C. vulgaris biofilm growth in the SHPW-PBR to various light intensities were evaluated and the maximum areal C. vulgaris biofilm density reached 90.43 g m-2 under the light intensity of 136 μmol m-2 s-1 after 9 days cultivation. Furthermore, the SHPW-PBR can be easily scaled-up by increasing the quantity of the stacked planar waveguide modules and thus shows great potential in biofilm-based biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Sun
- Engineering Laboratory for Energy System Process Conversion & Emission Control Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Guotao Yu
- Engineering Laboratory for Energy System Process Conversion & Emission Control Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ziyang Duan
- Engineering Laboratory for Energy System Process Conversion & Emission Control Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chuanchao Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Engineering Laboratory for Energy System Process Conversion & Emission Control Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunjun Wang
- Engineering Laboratory for Energy System Process Conversion & Emission Control Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Jiang
- Engineering Laboratory for Energy System Process Conversion & Emission Control Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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22
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Plastic media reduced algal wall-growth of Chlorococcum humicola for the cultivation in internal-loop airlift photobioreactor. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Tang J, Liu B, Gao L, Wang W, Liu T, Su G. Impacts of surface wettability and roughness of styrene-acrylic resin films on adhesion behavior of microalgae Chlorella sp. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 199:111522. [PMID: 33370706 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm attached cultivation is a promising method for efficient production of microalgae. Determining the surface property index to select an appropriate substrate benefiting the algae adhesion and biofilm formation is very important for the cultivation method. This work focused on elucidating and quantifying the influence of surface wettability and roughness of substrate on Chlorella vulgaris adhesion. Firstly, surface modified styrene-acrylic (SA) resin films by adding different dosage of perfluoroalkyl ethyl acrylate (FM) were prepared. Property characterization shows that the surface contact angle in water, formamide and diiodomethane of FM modified SA films is significantly associated with the FM dosage, while the other surface properties including zeta potential, surface potential and surface roughness have insignificant difference. The calculated surface free energy parameters show that the SA films belong to the non-polar substrata. A well quantitative correlation that the adhesion capacity of C. vulgaris linearly declines with the increase of water contact angle was obtained. And a near linear relationship between the adhesion capacity and the surface free energy (γ), or the cohesion free energy (ΔGcoh) was also observed. Secondly, the surface roughness solely changed SA films were prepared by replicating the morphology of stainless steel sieves through the PDMS template method. The patterned SA films have alternately arranged rectangular "valleys" and "ridges". A well linear correlation between the microalgae adhesion capacity and the surface roughness was also obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Lili Gao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Tianzhong Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Ge Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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24
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Feedstocks, environmental effects and development suggestions for biodiesel in China. JOURNAL OF TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING (ENGLISH ED. ONLINE) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Di Caprio F, Altimari P, Pagnanelli F. New strategies enhancing feasibility of microalgal cultivations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64337-7.00016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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26
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Zhang Q, Yu Z, Jin S, Zhu L, Liu C, Zheng H, Zhou T, Liu Y, Ruan R. Lignocellulosic residue as bio-carrier for algal biofilm growth: Effects of carrier physicochemical proprieties and toxicity on algal biomass production and composition. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122091. [PMID: 31514119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Five types of lignocellulosic materials were applied as the bio-carriers for low-cost algal biofilm cultivation of three algal strains. The effects of bio-carrier physicochemical properties and toxicity on algal cells growth and attachment were investigated. Rougher and hydrophilic bio-carrier could yield more algal biomass than smoother and hydrophobic bio-carrier. Pine sawdust (diameter: 0.420-0.595 mm) performed the best when cultured Diplosphaera sp. (9.61 g·m-2·day-1) biofilm. Meanwhile, bio-carriers could be leached by the culture medium during cultivation, and their energy conversion proprieties could be improved due to the reduced ash contents and the decreased crystallinities. In addition, Chlorella vulgaris growth tests indicated that pine sawdust (15.45%) leachate promoted cell growth, whereas rick husk (15.48%) and sugarcane bagasse (13.19%) leachate inhibited cell growth. And bio-carriers leachates also modified the chemical compositions (lipid, protein and carbohydrate) of algal cells and increased the corresponding saturated fatty acids methyl ester content (from 48.71 to 55.58-57.08%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, MOE, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Shiping Jin
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Cuixia Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Hongli Zheng
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, MOE, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, MOE, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, MOE, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Roger Ruan
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, MOE, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Center for Biorefining and Dept. of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Paul 55108, USA
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27
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Raeisossadati M, Moheimani NR, Parlevliet D. Red and blue luminescent solar concentrators for increasing Arthrospira platensis biomass and phycocyanin productivity in outdoor raceway ponds. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121801. [PMID: 31326685 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Achieving high biomass productivity is critical for establishing a successful large-scale algal facility. Microalgae cultures in raceway ponds are normally light limited. To achieve high biomass productivity, there is a need to develop a system to deliver light into the depth of microalgal cultures in raceway ponds. We investigated red and blue luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) in outdoor raceway ponds to downgrade the sunlight, re-emit and, deliver it into the depth of Arthrospira platensis culture operated at 21 cm depth. When red LSCs were used, the biomass productivity (12.2 g m-2 d-1) and phycocyanin productivity (8.5 mg L-1 d-1) of A. platensis increased 26% and 44%, respectively. However, using blue LSCs resulted in no significant increase in A. platensis biomass productivity. Therefore, for generating same phycocyanin productivity using red LSCs, 44% less cultivation area would be required. This can lead to a significant reduction in the cost of phycocyanin production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Navid Reza Moheimani
- Algae R&D Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, 6150, Australia.
| | - David Parlevliet
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, Physics and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia
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28
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Hossain N, Mahlia TMI. Progress in physicochemical parameters of microalgae cultivation for biofuel production. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2019; 39:835-859. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1624945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Hossain
- Department of Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia
- School of Information, Systems and Modelling, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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29
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Nwoba EG, Parlevliet DA, Laird DW, Alameh K, Moheimani NR. Sustainable phycocyanin production from Arthrospira platensis using solar-control thin film coated photobioreactor. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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30
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Kim EJ, Jung W, Lim S, Kim S, Choi HG, Han SJ. Lipid Production by Arctic Microalga Chlamydomonas sp. KNF0008 at Low Temperatures. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 188:326-337. [PMID: 30443891 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2921-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A lipid-producing microalga, Chlamydomonas sp. KNF0008, collected from the Arctic was capable of growing at temperatures ranging from 4 to 20 °C, and the highest cell density was measured at 15 °C and 100 μmol photons m-2 s-1 light intensity under continuous shaking and external aeration. KNF0008 showed the elevated accumulation of lipid bodies under nitrogen-deficient conditions, rather than under nitrogen-sufficient conditions. Fatty acid production of KNF0008 was 4.2-fold (104 mg L-1) higher than that of C. reinhardtii CC-125 at 15 °C in Bold's Basal Medium. The dominant fatty acids were C16:0, C16:4, C18:1, and C18:3, and unsaturated fatty acids (65.69%) were higher than saturated fatty acids (13.65%) at 15 °C. These results suggested that Arctic Chlamydomonas sp. KNF0008 could possibly be utilized for production of biodiesel during periods of cold weather because of its psychrophilic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jae Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
- Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
| | - Woongsic Jung
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
- Department of Research and Development, GDE, Siheung, 14985, South Korea
| | - Suyoun Lim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
- Functional Genomics R&D Team, Syntekabio, Daejeon, 34025, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
| | - Han-Gu Choi
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
| | - Se Jong Han
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea.
- Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon, 21990, South Korea.
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31
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Molino A, Iovine A, Casella P, Mehariya S, Chianese S, Cerbone A, Rimauro J, Musmarra D. Microalgae Characterization for Consolidated and New Application in Human Food, Animal Feed and Nutraceuticals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2436. [PMID: 30388801 PMCID: PMC6266511 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The exploration of new food sources and natural products is the result of the increase in world population as well as the need for a healthier diet; in this context, microalgae are undoubtedly an interesting solution. With the intent to enhance their value in new commercial applications, this paper aims to characterize microalgae that have already been recognized as safe or authorized as additives for humans and animals (Chlorella vulgaris, Arthrospira platensis, Haematococcus pluvialis, Dunaliella salina) as well as those that have not yet been marketed (Scenedesmus almeriensis and Nannocholoropsis sp.). In this scope, the content of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, total dietary fiber, humidity, ash, and carotenoids has been measured via standard methods. In addition, individual carotenoids (beta-carotene, astaxanthin, and lutein) as well as individual saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids have been identified and quantified chromatographically. The results confirm the prerogative of some species to produce certain products such as carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and proteins, but also show how their cellular content is rich and diverse. H. pluvialis green and red phases, and Nannochloropsis sp., in addition to producing astaxanthin and omega-3, contain about 25⁻33% w/w proteins on a dry basis. D. salina is rich in beta-carotene (3.45% w/w on a dry basis), S. Almeriensis is a source of lutein (0.30% w/w on a dry basis), and the C. vulgaris species is a protein-based microalgae (45% w/w on a dry basis). All, however, can also produce important fatty acids such as palmitic acid, γ-linolenic acid, and oleic acid. Considering their varied composition, these microalgae can find applications in multiple sectors. This is true for microalgae already on the market as well as for promising new sources of bioproducts such as S. almeriensis and Nannochloropsis sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Molino
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Department of Sustainability-CR Portici. P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
| | - Angela Iovine
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Department of Sustainability-CR Portici. P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Real Casa dell'Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy.
| | - Patrizia Casella
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Department of Sustainability-CR Portici. P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
| | - Sanjeet Mehariya
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Department of Sustainability-CR Portici. P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Real Casa dell'Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy.
| | - Simeone Chianese
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Real Casa dell'Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy.
| | - Antonietta Cerbone
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Department of Sustainability-CR Portici. P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Real Casa dell'Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy.
| | - Juri Rimauro
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Department of Sustainability-CR Portici. P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
| | - Dino Musmarra
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Real Casa dell'Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy.
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Statistical optimization of light intensity and CO 2 concentration for lipid production derived from attached cultivation of green microalga Ettlia sp. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15390. [PMID: 30337595 PMCID: PMC6193934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Attached cultivation systems have been receiving extensive attention as a breakthrough in microalgae cultivation technology. However, there is a lack of studies that emphasize precise optimization of important parameters in attached cultivation of microalgae. In this study, the effects of two major environmental parameters in photoautotrophic cultivation, light intensity and CO2 concentration, on the biomass and lipid surface productivity of Ettlia sp. YC001 were optimized by employing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and validated experimentally. The optimum initial conditions for attached cultivation were use of seed from the late exponential phase (LE) and an inoculum surface density of 2.5 g/m2. By optimization, maximum biomass surface productivity of 28.0 ± 1.5 g/m2/day was achieved at 730 μE/m2/s with 8% CO2. The maximum lipid surface productivity was 4.2 ± 0.3 g/m2/day at 500 μE/m2/s with 7% CO2. Change of the fatty acid composition with respect to changes in environment parameters led to improvement of biodiesel quality at higher light intensity and higher CO2 concentration. Attached cultivation of Ettlia sp. YC001 has successfully produced biomass and lipids at a high production rate with relatively low light energy demand and high CO2 utilization.
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Shao W, Ebaid R, Abomohra AEF, Shahen M. Enhancement of Spirulina biomass production and cadmium biosorption using combined static magnetic field. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 265:163-169. [PMID: 29890441 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of static magnetic field (SMF) on Spirulina platensis growth and its influence on cadmium ions (Cd2+) removal efficiency were studied. Application of 6 h day-1 SMF resulted in the highest significant biomass productivity of 0.198 g L-1 day-1. However, 10 and 15 mg L-1 of Cd2+ resulted in significant reduction in biomass productivity by 8.8 and 12.5%, respectively, below the control. Combined SMF showed 30.1% significant increase in biomass productivity over the control. On the other hand, increase of initial Cd2+ concentration resulted in significant reduction of Cd2+ removal efficiency, representing 79.7% and 61.5% at 10 and 15 mg L-1, respectively, after 16 days. Interestingly, application of SMF for 6 h day-1 enhanced Cd2+ removal efficiency counted by 91.4% and 82.3% after 20 days for cultures with initial Cd2+ concentration of 10 and 15 mg L-1, representing increase by 6.3 and 25.3%, respectively, over the SMF-untreated cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Shao
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Reham Ebaid
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Abd El-Fatah Abomohra
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China; Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Shahen
- Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt; College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Mohd-Sahib AA, Lim JW, Lam MK, Uemura Y, Ho CD, Oh WD, Tan WN. Mechanistic kinetic models describing impact of early attachment between Chlorella vulgaris and polyurethane foam material in fluidized bed bioreactor on lipid for biodiesel production. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Wang M, Keeley R, Zalivina N, Halfhide T, Scott K, Zhang Q, van der Steen P, Ergas SJ. Advances in algal-prokaryotic wastewater treatment: A review of nitrogen transformations, reactor configurations and molecular tools. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 217:845-857. [PMID: 29660710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic activity of algae and prokaryotic microorganisms can be used to improve the efficiency of biological wastewater treatment, particularly with regards to nitrogen removal. For example, algae can provide oxygen through photosynthesis needed for aerobic degradation of organic carbon and nitrification and harvested algal-prokaryotic biomass can be used to produce high value chemicals or biogas. Algal-prokaryotic consortia have been used to treat wastewater in different types of reactors, including waste stabilization ponds, high rate algal ponds and closed photobioreactors. This review addresses the current literature and identifies research gaps related to the following topics: 1) the complex interactions between algae and prokaryotes in wastewater treatment; 2) advances in bioreactor technologies that can achieve high nitrogen removal efficiencies in small reactor volumes, such as algal-prokaryotic biofilm reactors and enhanced algal-prokaryotic treatment systems (EAPS); 3) molecular tools that have expanded our understanding of the activities of algal and prokaryotic communities in wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, ENB 118, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Ryan Keeley
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, BSF 132, Tampa, FL 33620-5200, USA.
| | - Nadezhda Zalivina
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, ENB 118, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Trina Halfhide
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of The West Indies, Natural Sciences Building, New Wing, Room 225, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Kathleen Scott
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, BSF 132, Tampa, FL 33620-5200, USA.
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, ENB 118, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Peter van der Steen
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Sarina J Ergas
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, ENB 118, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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Magro FG, Margarites AC, Reinehr CO, Gonçalves GC, Rodigheri G, Costa JAV, Colla LM. Spirulina platensis biomass composition is influenced by the light availability and harvest phase in raceway ponds. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:1868-1877. [PMID: 28593820 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1340352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of cyanobacteria and its potential use for biofuel production in scale-up conditions is a topic of growing importance. The aim of our work is to study the effects of illumination, stirring, and different growth phases on the cultivation of the cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis in 10 L raceways. The cultivations were carried out in a greenhouse under measured, but not controlled, illumination and in agitated raceways with stirring speeds varying from 0.1 to 0.4 m s-1, using culture media with nutrient depletion. At the end of the stationary phase (SP) and decline of culture, the biomass was harvested and used to determine the chemical composition. The stirring rate and the growing phase influenced the carbohydrate concentration. In both phases of cultivation, compared to high-speed stirring, stirring at lower speeds produced fewer carbohydrates in the culture. Biomass grown until the end of the SP with a stirring speed of 0.35 m s-1 had a carbohydrate content of 72%, which is very high compared to that reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Cláudia Margarites
- a Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo , Brazil
| | | | | | - Grazieli Rodigheri
- c Environmental Engineering , University of Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo , Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Maria Colla
- a Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo , Brazil
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Chaves JE, Melis A. Engineering isoprene synthesis in cyanobacteria. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2059-2069. [PMID: 29689603 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The renewable production of isoprene (Isp) hydrocarbons, to serve as fuel and synthetic chemistry feedstock, has attracted interest in the field recently. Isp (C5 H8 ) is naturally produced from sunlight, CO2 and H2 O photosynthetically in terrestrial plant chloroplasts via the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway and emitted in the atmosphere as a response to heat stress. Efforts to institute a high capacity continuous and renewable process have included heterologous expression of the Isp synthesis pathway in photosynthetic microorganisms. This review examines the premise and promise emanating from this relatively new research effort. Also examined are the metabolic engineering approaches applied in the quest of renewable Isp hydrocarbons production, the progress achieved so far, and barriers encountered along the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Chaves
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Anastasios Melis
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Aoki J, Kawamata T, Kodaka A, Minakawa M, Imamura N, Tsuzuki M, Asayama M. Biofuel production utilizing a dual-phase cultivation system with filamentous cyanobacteria. J Biotechnol 2018; 280:55-61. [PMID: 29678391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Biomass yields and biofuel production were examined in a dual (solid and liquid)-phase cultivation system (DuPHA) with the unique filamentous cyanobacteria, Pseudanabaena sp. ABRG 5-3 and Limnothrix sp. SK1-2-1. Continuous circular cultivation was driven under the indoor closed (IC) or indoor opened (IO) conditions and provided biomass yields of approximately 8-27 g dry cell weight (DCW) floor m-2 d-1. Alkanes of heptadecane (C17H36) or pentadecane (C15H32) as liquid biofuels were also recovered from the lower liquid-phase, in which cyanobacteria were dropped from the upper solid-phase and continuously cultivated with a small amount of medium. After the main cultivation in DuPHA, the upper solid-phase of a cotton cloth on which cyanobacteria grew was dried and directly subjected to a combustion test. This resulted in the thermal power (kJ s-1) of the cloth with microalgae increasing approximately 20-50% higher than that of the cloth only, suggesting a possibility of using the solid phase with microalgae as solid biofuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinichi Aoki
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan; United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Toru Kawamata
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Asuka Kodaka
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Masayuki Minakawa
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Imamura
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mikio Tsuzuki
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Munehiko Asayama
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan; United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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Papadaki S, Kyriakopoulou K, Tzovenis I, Krokida M. Environmental impact of phycocyanin recovery from Spirulina platensis cyanobacterium. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhou W, Li Y, Gao Y, Zhao H. Nutrients removal and recovery from saline wastewater by Spirulina platensis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:10-17. [PMID: 28892678 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As an important alternative to alleviate the pressure of fresh water shortage, seawater application is facing a great challenge on the wastewater treatment due to the salinity brought from seawater. Spirulina platensis originated from salty lake was used to treat mixed synthetic toilet flushing wastewater of seawater with washing wastewater of freshwater. It was showed that 79.96% of TN (to 15.69mg/L), 93.35% of TP (to 1.03mg/L) and 90.02% of CODCr (to 90.24mg/L) were removed with 0.76g/L of biomass production in the optimal ratio 7:3 of the above mixed synthetic wastewater. The performance was better than that of current strategy of seawater toilet flushing treatment. With the evaluation of nutrients uptake, biomass composition and microalgal aggregation, a model of nutrients recovery and metabolism of Spirulina platensis in saline wastewater treatment was proposed. It is provided a promising strategy for saline wastewater treatment with valuable biomass yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhi Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
| | - Yating Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yizhan Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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Soni RA, Sudhakar K, Rana R. Spirulina – From growth to nutritional product: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang J, Liu W, Liu T. Biofilm based attached cultivation technology for microalgal biorefineries-A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:1245-1253. [PMID: 28576483 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The attached cultivation for microalga has many superiorities over the conventional aqua-suspend methods, which make it a promising pathway to supply feedstock for microalgae based bio-refinery attempts. In this review, the current reports on bioreactor, application, modeling, substratum material and engineering aspects were summarized and the future research and developments should be focused on the following aspects: 1) Build principles and guidelines for rational structure design by studying the relationship of physiological properties with typical structures and light regimes; 2) Set up theory foundation of substratum material selection by studying the physic-chemical properties of algal cells and substratum materials; 3) Further understanding the mass transfer behaviors of both CO2 and nutrients in biofilm for enhanced growth rate and products accumulation; 4) New equipment and machines for inoculation, harvesting and moisture keeping should be developed and integrated with bioreactor structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, PR China
| | - Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Tianzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, PR China.
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Santos LO, Deamici KM, Menestrino BC, Garda-Buffon J, Costa JAV. Magnetic treatment of microalgae for enhanced product formation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:169. [PMID: 28831658 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2332-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Static or modulated magnetic fields (MF) may interact with the biological system and affect the metabolism of microorganisms, such as their photosynthetic capacity or synthesis of carbohydrates. Their effects on microorganisms, which can be classified into inhibiting, stimulating and null, may be interpreted as the result of stress that cells undergo, thus, leading to responses through the same mechanisms. Biological effects of exposure to magnetic forces depend on magnetic intensity, frequency and exposure time. Modifications in these parameters may enhance product formation. Effects differ according to the form and application of MF characteristic parameters. Magnetic treatments have the advantages of being convenient and non-toxic, having low running cost, emitting no secondary pollution, enabling wide application and being easily shielded. MF application to the cultivation of microalgae, to improve the production of finished biomolecules, is a simple, inexpensive and powerful process. However, bioeffects of MF on microalgae need to be further investigated because there have currently been very few available reports in the literature. Thus, studies which aim at optimizing parameters involved in MF application must be developed in order to obtain the best conditions for the production of molecules with high economic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucielen Oliveira Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Food School, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Kricelle Mosquera Deamici
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Chemistry and Food School, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno Costa Menestrino
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Food School, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Garda-Buffon
- Laboratory of Mycotoxin and Food Science, Chemistry and Food School, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Chemistry and Food School, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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Cui Y, Jin L, Ko SR, Chun SJ, Oh HS, Lee CS, Srivastava A, Oh HM, Ahn CY. Periphyton effects on bacterial assemblages and harmful cyanobacterial blooms in a eutrophic freshwater lake: a mesocosm study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7827. [PMID: 28798489 PMCID: PMC5552679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Periphyton comprises a broad range of autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms that grow on submerged surfaces in aquatic environments. To investigate the ecological roles of periphyton and their symbiotic bacterial assemblages related to the control of cyanobacterial blooms, mesocosm experiments were performed in a eutrophic lake that is usually infested with harmful cyanobacterial blooms. Our results showed that periphyton, together with their symbionts, reduced Chl-a concentrations (up to 94%), improved water clarity and effectively controlled cyanobacterial blooms in the treatment mesocosm. Planktonic bacterial compositions varied greatly in the pre-bloom/bloom/post-bloom periods in both mesocosms and were mainly influenced by total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) concentrations. The phylum Cyanobacteria was the major component in the water samples until bloom peak, but it was replaced by Actinobacteria in the post-bloom period. However, periphyton niches were dominated by Alphaproteobacteria throughout the experiments, Cyanobacteria proportion being lower. Overall, the results indicated that periphyton and their unique bacterial partners could effectively compete with cyanobacteria and improve water quality. Their underlying interaction mechanism was also suggested to explain how periphyton and their symbionts can reduce cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshun Cui
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Long Jin
- College of Biology and the Environment, Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210-037, China
| | - So-Ra Ko
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Chun
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Oh
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Soo Lee
- Culture Collection Team, Freshwater Bioresources Culture Research Division, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Ankita Srivastava
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Mock Oh
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Ahn
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Korea.
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Protective effect of Arthrospira platensis against liver injury induced by copper nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-017-0264-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Podola B, Li T, Melkonian M. Porous Substrate Bioreactors: A Paradigm Shift in Microalgal Biotechnology? Trends Biotechnol 2017; 35:121-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Hamano H, Nakamura S, Hayakawa J, Miyashita H, Harayama S. Biofilm-based photobioreactor absorbing water and nutrients by capillary action. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 223:307-311. [PMID: 27839679 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cells of the unicellular green alga, "Pseudochoricystis ellipsoidea", were uniformly spread on a cellulosic sheet or on a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane sheet superimposed on a cellulosic sheet at a density of 3.5-5.0gdry weight per m2, and the sheet was adhered to an inverted V-shaped acrylic plate of 10cm in height. Several acrylic plates were placed side by side on a tray containing liquid medium at a depth of 0.6cm, and illuminated from above with a light intensity of 300-340μmolm-2s-1. Water and nutrients were supplied to cells by capillary action through the cellulosic sheet. Footprint biomass productivities of cells grown in atmospheric CO2 on this photobioreactor were 8-10gm-2day-1. This cultivation system is strongly energy- and labor-saving as it does not require mixing of culture fluid, irrigation of medium, and delivery of CO2-enriched air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Hamano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Shun Nakamura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Jumpei Hayakawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Miyashita
- Graduate School of Global and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Shigeaki Harayama
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
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Zhang Q, Liu C, Li Y, Yu Z, Chen Z, Ye T, Wang X, Hu Z, Liu S, Xiao B, Jin S. Cultivation of algal biofilm using different lignocellulosic materials as carriers. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:115. [PMID: 28484515 PMCID: PMC5418734 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Algal biofilm technology is recently supposed to be a promising method to produce algal biomass as the feedstock for the production of biofuels. However, the carrier materials currently used to form algal biofilm are either difficult to be obtained at a low price or undurable. Commercialization of the biofilm technology for algal biomass production extremely requires new and inexpensive materials as biofilm carriers with high biomass production performances. RESULTS Four types of lignocellulosic materials were investigated to evaluate their performance of acting as carriers for algal cells attachment and the relevant effects on the algal biomass production in this study. The cultivation of algal biofilm was processed in a self-designed flat plate photo-bioreactor. The biofilm production and chemical composition of the harvested biomass were determined. The surface physics properties of the materials were examined through a confocal laser-scanning microscopy. Algal biomass production varied significantly with the variation of the carriers (P < 0.05). All the lignocellulosic materials showed better performances in biofilm production than poly methyl methacrylate, and the application of pine sawdust as the carrier could gain the maximum biofilm productivity of 10.92 g m-2 day-1 after 16-day cultivation. In addition, 20.10-23.20% total lipid, 30.35-36.73% crude proteins, and 20.29-25.93% carbohydrate were achieved from the harvested biomasses. Biomass productivity increased linearly as the increase of surface roughness, and Wenzel's roughness factor of the tested materials, and surface roughness might significantly affect the biomass production through the size of surface morphology and the area of surface (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results showed that lignocellulosic materials can be efficient carriers for low-cost cultivation of algal biofilm and the enhancement of biomass productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Cuixia Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007 China
| | - Yubiao Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhihua Chen
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007 China
| | - Ting Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Xun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Shiming Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Bo Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Shiping Jin
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
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Huang Y, Xiong W, Liao Q, Fu Q, Xia A, Zhu X, Sun Y. Comparison of Chlorella vulgaris biomass productivity cultivated in biofilm and suspension from the aspect of light transmission and microalgae affinity to carbon dioxide. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 222:367-373. [PMID: 27741475 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate light transmission and cells affinity to CO2, Chlorellavulgaris was attached to microfiltration membrane that laid on the solidified BG11 medium compared to that in suspended cultivation mode in this study. The results showed that C. vulgaris showed a 30.4% higher biomass production (103gm-2) in attached than in suspend system. The upper layer of biofilm with a thickness of 41.31μm (the corresponding areal density of 40gm-2) was effectively illuminated under light intensity of 120μmolm-2s-1 and more than 40% of the microalgal cells were in light even the areal density was high to 100gm-2. While only 2.5% of the cells were effectively illuminated in the suspended cultivation system. Furthermore, microalgae cells in biofilm showed a higher affinity to CO2 compared with that in suspension, and CO2 saturation point of microalgae cells in biofilm was 1.5% but 4.5% in suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Qian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yahui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Deamici KM, Costa JAV, Santos LO. Magnetic fields as triggers of microalga growth: evaluation of its effect on Spirulina sp. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:62-67. [PMID: 27566513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the influence of magnetic field on the growth and biomass composition of Spirulina sp., cultivated in vertical tubular photobioreactors. Magnetic fields of 5, 30 and 60mT generated by electric current and ferrite magnets were applied at different lengths of time. The magnetic field of 30 and 60mT for 1hd(-1) stimulated the growth, thus leading to higher biomass concentration by comparison with the control culture. Increase in productivity, protein and carbohydrate contents were 105.1% (60mT for 1hd(-1)), 16.6% (60mT for 24hd(-1)) and 133.2% (30mT for 24hd(-1)), respectively. These values were higher than the ones of the control. Results showed that magnetic field may influence the growth of Spirulina sp., since it triggers a stimulating effect and can leads to twofold biomass concentration in equal cultivation time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kricelle Mosquera Deamici
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucielen Oliveira Santos
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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