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Akca MS, Kinaci OK, Inanc B. Improving light availability and creating high-frequency light-dark cycles in raceway ponds through vortex-induced vibrations for microalgae cultivation: a fluid dynamic study. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:1863-1874. [PMID: 39133298 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Limited light availability due to insufficient vertical mixing strongly reduces the applicability of raceway ponds (RWPs). To overcome this and create light-dark (L/D) cycles for enhanced biomass production through improved vertical mixing, vortex-induced vibration (VIV) system was implemented by the authors in a previous study to an existing pilot-scale RWP. In this study, experimental characterization of fluid dynamics for VIV-implemented RWP is carried out. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique is applied to visualize the flow. The extents of the vertical mixing due to VIV and the characteristics of L/D cycles were examined by tracking selected particles. Pond depth was hypothetically divided into three zones, namely dark, light Iimited and light saturated for detailed analysis of cell trajectories. It has been observed that VIV cylinder oscillation can efficiently facilitate the transfer of cells from light-limited to light-saturated zones. Among the cells that were tracked, 44% initially at dark zone entered the light-limited zone and 100% of initially at light-limited zone entered the light-saturated zone. 33% of all tracked cells experienced high-frequency L/D cycles with an average frequency of 35.69 s-1 and 0.49 light fraction. The impact of VIV was not discernible in the deeper sections of the pond, due to constrained oscillation amplitudes. Our findings suggest that the approximately 20% increase in biomass production reported in our previous study can be attributed to the synergistic effects of enhanced L/D cycle frequencies and improved light availability resulting from the transfer of cells from dark to light-limited zones. To further enhance the effectiveness of VIV, design improvements were developed. It was concluded that light availability could be significantly improved with the presented method for more effective use of RWPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Sadik Akca
- Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Omer Kemal Kinaci
- Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Marine Cybernetics Advanced Vehicle Technologies (MARNETICS), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bulent Inanc
- Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Shao C, Zheng H, Sobhi M, Zhu F, Hu X, Cui Y, Chen H, Zou B, Zan X, Li G, Huo S. Enhancing microalgal biomass production in lab-scale raceway ponds through innovative computational fluid dynamics-based electrode deflectors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130282. [PMID: 38163488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The design of novel electrode deflector structures (EDSs) introduced a promising strategy for enhancing raceway ponds performance, increasing carbon fixation, and improving microalgal biomass accumulation. The computational fluid dynamics, based flow field principles, proved that the potency of arc-shaped electrode deflector structures (A-EDS) and spiral electrode deflector structures (S-EDS) were optimal. These configurations yielded superior culture effects, notably reducing dead zones by 9.1% and 11.7%, while elevating biomass increments of 14.7% and 11.5% compared to the control, respectively. In comparison to scenarios without electrostatic field application, the A-EDS group demonstrated pronounced post-stimulation growth, exhibiting an additional biomass increase of 11.2%, coupled with a remarkable 23.6% surge in CO2 fixation rate and mixing time reduction by 14.7%. A-EDS and S-EDS, combined with strategic electric field integration, provided a theoretical basis for promoting microalgal biomass production and enhancing carbon fixation in a raceway pond environment to similar production practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Shao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongjing Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mostafa Sobhi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Agricultural and Bio-systems Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Feifei Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinjuan Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yi Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Huayou Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Bin Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyi Zan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Shuhao Huo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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3
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Kubar AA, Kumar S, Liu W, Cui Y, Zhu F, Xu X, Shao C, Hu X, Prempeh NYA, Huo S. Numerical simulation of vortex flow field generated in a novel nested-bottled photobioreactor to improve Arthrospira platensis growth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 373:128710. [PMID: 36754237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, computational fluid dynamics were employed to examined clockwise and anticlockwise vortexes in the rising and down coming sections of novel nested-bottle photobioreactor. The radial velocity was increased by four times which significantly reduced dead zones compared to traditional PBR. The (NB-PBR) comprised of integrated bottles connected by curved tubes (d = 4 cm) that generated dominant vortices as the microalgae solution flows through each section (h = 10 cm). The (NB-PBR) was independent of the inner and outer sections which increased the mixing time and mass-transfer coefficient by 13.33 % and 42.9 %, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicated that the (NB-PBR) showed higher photosynthesis efficiency preventing self-shading and photo-inhibition, resulting in an increase in biomass yield and carbon dioxide fixation by 35 % and 35.9 %, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Ali Kubar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Santosh Kumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Yi Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Feifei Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Xiangru Xu
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Cong Shao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Xinjuan Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | | | - Shuhao Huo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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4
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Sun Y, Hu D, Chang H, Li S, Ho SH. Recent progress on converting CO 2 into microalgal biomass using suspended photobioreactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127991. [PMID: 36262000 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inhomogeneous light distribution and poor CO2 transfer capacity are two critical concerns impeding microalgal photosynthesis in practical suspended photobioreactors (PBRs). To provide valuable guidance on designing high-performance PBRs, recent progress on enhancing light and CO2 availabilities is systematically summarized in this review. Particularly, for the first time, the strategies on elevating light availability are classified and discussed from the perspectives of increasing incident light intensity, introducing internal illumination, optimizing flow field, regulating biomass concentrations, and enlarging illumination surface areas. Meanwhile, the strategies on enhancing CO2 light availability are outlined from the aspects of generating smaller bubbles, extending bubbles residence time, and facilitating CO2 dissolution using extra additives. Given the microalgal biomass production using current PBRs are still suffering from low productivity and economic feasibility, the possible future directions for PBRs implementation and development are presented. Altogether, this review is beneficial to furthering development of PBRs as a practical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Sun
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Hebei Provincial Lab of Water Environmental Sciences, Hebei Provincial Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050037, China
| | - Deshen Hu
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haixing Chang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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5
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Kubar AA, Cheng J, Kumar S, Liu S, Tian J. Developing a Zigzag-baffled column photobioreactor to increase mass-transfer, CO2 fixation and biomass yield during A. platensis cultivation. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Tan FHP, Nadir N, Sudesh K. Microalgal Biomass as Feedstock for Bacterial Production of PHA: Advances and Future Prospects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:879476. [PMID: 35646848 PMCID: PMC9133917 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.879476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for biodegradable plastics has become the focus in combating the global plastic pollution crisis. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are renewable substitutes to petroleum-based plastics with the ability to completely mineralize in soil, compost, and marine environments. The preferred choice of PHA synthesis is from bacteria or archaea. However, microbial production of PHAs faces a major drawback due to high production costs attributed to the high price of organic substrates as compared to synthetic plastics. As such, microalgal biomass presents a low-cost solution as feedstock for PHA synthesis. Photoautotrophic microalgae are ubiquitous in our ecosystem and thrive from utilizing easily accessible light, carbon dioxide and inorganic nutrients. Biomass production from microalgae offers advantages that include high yields, effective carbon dioxide capture, efficient treatment of effluents and the usage of infertile land. Nevertheless, the success of large-scale PHA synthesis using microalgal biomass faces constraints that encompass the entire flow of the microalgal biomass production, i.e., from molecular aspects of the microalgae to cultivation conditions to harvesting and drying microalgal biomass along with the conversion of the biomass into PHA. This review discusses approaches such as optimization of growth conditions, improvement of the microalgal biomass manufacturing technologies as well as the genetic engineering of both microalgae and PHA-producing bacteria with the purpose of refining PHA production from microalgal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kumar Sudesh
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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7
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Shankar U, Lenka SK, Leigh Ackland M, Callahan DL. Review of the structures and functions of algal photoreceptors to optimize bioproduct production with novel bioreactor designs for strain improvement. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2031-2045. [PMID: 35441370 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are important renewable feedstock to produce biodiesel and high-value chemicals. Different wavelengths of light influence the growth and metabolic activities of algae. Recent research has identified the light-sensing proteins called photoreceptors that respond to blue or red light. Structural elucidations of algal photoreceptors have gained momentum over recent years. These include channelrhodopsins, PHOT proteins, animal-like cryptochromes, blue-light sensors utilizing flavin-adenine dinucleotide (BLUF) proteins. Pulsing light has also been investigated as a means to optimize energy inputs into bioreactors. This review summarizes the current structural and functional basis of photoreceptor modulation to optimize the growth, production of carotenoids and other high-value metabolites from microalgae. The review also encompasses novel photobioreactor designs that implement different light regimes including light wavelengths and time to optimize algal growth and desired metabolite profiles for high-value products. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttara Shankar
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gurugram, Haryana, 122001, India.,Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, (Burwood Campus), Centre for Cellular and Molecular biology. 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Sangram K Lenka
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gurugram, Haryana, 122001, India.,Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - M Leigh Ackland
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, (Burwood Campus), Centre for Cellular and Molecular biology. 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Damien L Callahan
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, (Burwood Campus), Centre for Cellular and Molecular biology. 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
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8
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Comparative experiments of two novel tubular photobioreactors with an inner aerated tube for microalgal cultivation: Enhanced mass transfer and improved biomass yield. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Improvement of real-scale raceway bioreactors for microalgae production using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Cheng J, Liu S, Guo W, Song Y, Kumar S, Kubar AA, Su Y, Li Y. Developing staggered woven mesh aerator with three variable-micropore layers in recycling water pipeline to enhance CO 2 conversion for improving Arthrospira growth. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143941. [PMID: 33341634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A staggered woven mesh (SWM) aerator equipped with three variable-micropore layers was developed to enhance the CO2 conversion into HCO3- in a recycling water pipeline for promoting CO2 utilization efficiency and Arthrospira growth in large-scale raceway ponds. The input CO2 gas was broken into smaller bubbles (0.78- 2.43 mm) through the first-stage shear with axial rectangles, second-stage shear with radial rectangles (equivalent pore diameter = 150 μm), and third-stage shear with uniform micropores. A high-speed camera (MotionXtra HG-100K CMOS) and an Image J image processing software were employed to capture the bubble pictures. Compared to the traditional steel pipe (TSP) aerator, the bubble generation diameter and time in the SWM aerator reduced by 72.3% and 48.6%, respectively. The optimized structure (ε = 14, pore = 23 μm) of the SWM aerator promoted the carbonization efficiency and HCO3- conversion efficiency into biomass by 78.6% and 64.6% than the TSP aerator. Further, the chlorophyll fluorescence and biomass measurements showed an increase in the actual photochemical efficiency (analyzed by Hansatech FMS1 chlorophyll fluorescence instrument) and biomass yield by 1.8 times and 80.1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Shuzheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yanmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Santosh Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ameer Ali Kubar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Youning Su
- Inner Mongolia Rejuve Biotech Co., Ltd, Ordos 016199, China
| | - Yuguo Li
- Inner Mongolia Rejuve Biotech Co., Ltd, Ordos 016199, China
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11
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Kubar AA, Cheng J, Kumar S, Liu S, Chen S, Tian J. Strengthening mass transfer with the Tesla-valve baffles to increase the biomass yield of Arthrospira platensis in a column photobioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124337. [PMID: 33157436 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the Tesla-valve (TV) baffles were used to optimize the flow field in a column photobioreactor (PBR) in order to promote mass transfer of CO2 gas in the solution. The TV baffles were composed of many tilted plates with central holes and curved arcs facing downwards, installed along inner rising section of the column PBR. Many clockwise and anti-clockwise vortices were generated during the rising flow while passing through proposed TV baffles. An optimum TV baffle structure (30° plate angle, 8 cm arc width) decreased mixing time by 36.4% and increased the mass transfer coefficient by 50%. The TV baffles supported the movement of the A.platensis cells between light and dark regions to enhance their photochemical efficiency ϕPSII by 24.6% and Fv/Fm by 12.7%. Therefore, the biomass yield increased by 28.1% and exhibited an increased helix pitch and trichome length in comparison with traditional column PBR without baffles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Ali Kubar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Santosh Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shuzheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shutong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jianglei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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12
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Xu J, Cheng J, Xin K, Xu J, Yang W. Strengthening flash light effect with a pond-tubular hybrid photobioreactor to improve microalgal biomass yield. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124079. [PMID: 32911369 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Poor light utilization efficiency and large occupied area of traditional raceway pond photobioreactors result in low areal microalgal biomass yield in industrial applications. In this study, a pond-tubular hybrid photobioreactor (PTH-PBR) comprising raceway ponds and horizontal tubes was developed to strengthen flash light effect and improve areal microalgal biomass yield. The highest flash cycle frequency (0.63 Hz) of microalgae cells along flow pathway was obtained in the raceway pond of PTH-PBR when shaded area percentage was 20% and ratio of adjacent tube interval to tube diameter was 1, which enhanced microalgal biomass yield by 31.2% than traditional raceway pond. Meanwhile, intracellular chlorophyll content increased by 33.6% and PSII maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) increased by 8.1% due to decreased photoinhibition stress. The areal microalgal biomass yield of PTH-PBR was 54.7% higher than that of traditional raceway pond without horizontal tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Kai Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jinhui Xu
- China Energy Penglai Generation Company Ltd., Penglai 265601, China
| | - Weijuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Xu J, Cheng J, Lai X, Zhang X, Yang W, Park JY, Kim H, Xu L. Enhancing microalgal biomass productivity with an optimized flow field generated by double paddlewheels in a flat plate photoreactor with CO 2 aeration based on numerical simulation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123762. [PMID: 32645573 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics were used to analyze the flash light effect and CO2 bubble behavior in an optimized flow field generated by double paddlewheels in a flat plate photoreactor to enhance microalgal biomass productivity. The increased D/w ratio significantly enhanced the average turbulent kinetic energy and flash cycle frequency. However, the effects became weak when the D/w ratio was over 0.67. Appliance of double paddlewheels increased flash cycle frequency from 0.035 to 0.121 Hz and increased light time ratio from 8.3% to 31.5%. Meanwhile, the bubble dynamic behavior was characterized using population balance model. The average bubble size reduced by 24.4% and the bubble rising velocity reduced by 10.6%, which facilitated CO2 mixing and mass transfer in microalgal solution. Therefore, biomass accumulation of microalgae Chlorella in the photoreactor with double paddlewheels increased by 62.3% under 15% CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weijuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ji-Yeon Park
- Biomass and Wastes to Energy Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungtaek Kim
- Division of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, SuWon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lihua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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14
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Ali Kubar A, Cheng J, Guo W, Kumar S, Song Y. Development of a single helical baffle to increase CO 2 gas and microalgal solution mixing and Chlorella PY-ZU1 biomass yield. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 307:123253. [PMID: 32244074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A single helical baffle (SHB), consisting of twisted turns, was developed to convert straight flow into spiral flow in a Chlorella PY-ZU1 open raceway pond (ORWP) bubbled with 15% CO2. Microalgal solution flowing through the SHB alternative helical interspaces generated whirling flow both vertically and horizontally, which decreased mixing and increased mass transfer rates. The optimized SHB had a pitch length to total SHB length ratio of 0.13 and SHB diameter to ORWP single channel width ratio of 0.30, which decreased mixing times and increased mass transfer coefficients by 41.1% and 38.4% respectively. SHB moved Chlorella PY-ZU1 from the ORWP bottom to the top, increasing light exposure for photosynthesis. Cellular electron transfer rates and photochemical efficiency (φPSII) increased by 18%, chlorophyll a content increased by 16% and variable to maximum fluorescence ratio increased by 13%. The microalgal biomass of SHB ORWP was 23% higher than that of conventional ORWP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Ali Kubar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Santosh Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yanmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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15
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Ye Q, Cheng J, Liu S, Qiu Y, Zhang Z, Guo W, An Y. Improving light distribution and light/dark cycle of 900 L tangential spiral-flow column photobioreactors to promote CO 2 fixation with Arthrospira sp. cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137611. [PMID: 32325586 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The light distribution and light/dark cycle were improved in 900 L tangential spiral-flow column photobioreactors (TSCP) to promote CO2 fixation with Arthrospira sp. cells. Solar irradiation model was employed in CFD simulation to investigate light distribution and light/dark cycle in flow field composed of culture medium, CO2 bubbles and Arthrospira sp. cells under actual sunlight irradiation considering geolocation and time. An accurate way to divide light/dark zone based on saturate light intensity and light intensity field was adopted for the first time. When Arthrospira sp. cell concentration increased from 0.1 to 0.9 g/L, light/dark cycle frequency of cells firstly increased from 0.650 Hz to 0.868 Hz and then decreased to 0.117 Hz. Intracellular chlorophyll a content and carotenoids content of Arthrospira sp. cells in TSCP were 6% and 41% higher than those in conventional bubble column photobioreactor. This promoted cellular photosynthesis and stress resistance, which contributed to increase CO2 fixation rate of Arthrospira sp. cells by 59%. When CO2 aeration rate, CO2 volume concentration, and circulating pump power were 0.210 L/min, 15%, and 30 W, chlorophyll a content, helix pitch, and CO2 fixation rate of Arthrospira sp. cells all reached peak values of 8.769 mg/L, 78.26 μm and 0.358 g/L/d, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Shuzheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yue An
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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16
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Guo W, Cheng J, Song Y, Kumar S, Ali KA, Wang Y, Li X, Yang W. Improving flashing light frequency and CO2 fixation rate with vortex movement of algal cells in raceway pond with conic baffles. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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17
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Progress on the development of floating photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation and its application potential. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:190. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Cheng J, Lai X, Ye Q, Guo W, Xu J, Ren W, Zhou J. A novel jet-aerated tangential swirling-flow plate photobioreactor generates microbubbles that enhance mass transfer and improve microalgal growth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121531. [PMID: 31150969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To reduce bubble diameter and enhance mass transfer, a novel jet-aerated tangential swirling-flow plate photobioreactor was developed that improves the growth rate of microalgae. In this system, the circulating microalgal solution enters a jet aerator that takes up 15% CO2 by vacuum suction and then injects into a plate photobioreactor through four centrally symmetric nozzles. Each jetflow is tangent to a tangential circle, driving vertical vortex movement of the surrounding microalgal solution, which markedly reduced the bubble diameter and enhanced mass transfer. The mass transfer coefficient was enhanced by decreasing the nozzle number (n) and increasing the ratio of tangential circle diameter to plate photobioreactor equivalent diameter (d/D). The average bubble diameter decreased by 80.2% to 0.37 mm and the mass transfer coefficient increased 4.6 times to 48.9 h-1 when n was 4 and d/D was 0.34. Finally, the optimized system increased the biomass dry weight of microalgae by 49.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wenbin Ren
- Penglai Power Generation Company Ltd. of China Energy Investment Corporation, Penglai 265601, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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19
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Kumar S, Cheng J, Guo W, Ali KA, Song Y. Self-rotary propellers with clockwise/counterclockwise blades create spiral flow fields to improve mass transfer and promote microalgae growth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 286:121384. [PMID: 31048263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, self-rotary propellers (SRPs) with clockwise/counterclockwise blades were investigated to create spiral flow fields without external power to strengthen gas-liquid mixing and promote microalgal growth in an open raceway pond. The rotational flow around the propellers and spiral flow between the propellers generated extensive wall shear stress in three dimensions. Four-clockwise blades on the propellers exerted better mixing than three-counterclockwise blades. The bubble generation diameter was reduced by 69% and the mass transfer coefficient increased by 49% when the propeller diameter was increased from 32 to 60 mm. The photochemical efficiency (φPSII) of Arthrospira platensis cells was enhanced by 25%, while the helix pitch and trichome lengths were enlarged by 7-16%. Self-rotary propellers (60 mm diameter) with four-clockwise blades enhanced the growth rate of A. platensis biomass by 35% compared to that in an unmodified raceway pond without propellers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kubar Ameer Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yanmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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20
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Qin C, Wu J, Wang J. Synergy between flow and light fields and its applications to the design of mixers in microalgal photobioreactors. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:93. [PMID: 31044006 PMCID: PMC6477735 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixers are usually inserted into microalgal photobioreactors to generate vortices that can enhance light/dark cycles of algal cells and consequently enhance biomass productivity. However, existing mixer designs are usually developed using a trial-and-error approach that is largely based on the designer's experience. This approach is not knowledge-based, and thus little or no understanding of the underlying mechanisms of mixer design for mixing performance of photobioreactors is attained. Moreover, a large pumping cost usually accompanies mixer introduction, and this cost is not favorable for practical applications. This study aims to improve this situation. RESULTS In addition to the individual effects of flow and light fields, improving the synergy (coordination) between these fields may markedly enhance the L/D cycle frequency with a lower increase in pumping costs. Thus, the idea of synergy between flow and light fields is introduced to mixer design. Better synergy can be obtained if (a) the vortex core and L/D boundary are closer to each other and (b) the vortex whose core is too far from the L/D boundary is removed. The synergy idea has two types of applications. First, it can facilitate a better understanding of known numerical and experimental results about mixer addition. Second, and more importantly, the idea can help to develop new rules for mixer design. A helical mixer design is provided as a case study to demonstrate the importance and feasibility of the synergy idea. An effective method, i.e., decreasing the radial height of the helical mixer from the inner side, was found, by which the L/D cycle frequency was enhanced by 10.8% while the pumping cost was reduced by 23.8%. CONCLUSIONS The synergy idea may be stated as follows: the enhancement of L/D cycle frequency depends not only on the flow and light fields individually but also on their synergy. This idea can be used to enhance our understanding of some known phenomena that emerge by mixer addition. The idea also provides useful rules to design and optimize a mixer for a higher L/D cycle frequency with a lower increase in pumping costs, and these rules will find widespread applications in PBR design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qin
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
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21
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Cheng J, Xu J, Ye Q, Lai X, Zhang X, Zhou J. Strengthening mass transfer of carbon dioxide microbubbles dissolver in a horizontal tubular photo-bioreactor for improving microalgae growth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 277:11-17. [PMID: 30654103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A CO2 microbubbles dissolver (CMD) was developed to facilitate dissolving inorganic carbon and strengthening mass transfer in a horizontal tubular photo-bioreactor system (HTPBRS), which enhanced microalgae biomass productivity with flue gas containing 15% CO2. The influence of pump power on the bubble formation and mixing effect was found to be more obvious than that of gas flow rate. Ceramic shell aerator was more favorable for reducing bubble diameter and enhancing mass transfer than traditional rubber strip aerator. Bubble formation time decreased by 53.4% and mixing time decreased by 68.9% in response to the increased pump power. When the base area ratio of ceramic shell aerator to dissolver in the HTPBRS increased, bubble formation time decreased by 19.6% and mass transfer coefficient increased by 80.9%. The biomass yield of microalgae Chlorella PY-ZU1 with ceramic shell aerator was 30% higher than that with rubber strip aerator in the HTPBRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Junchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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22
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Rayen F, Behnam T, Dominique P. Optimization of a raceway pond system for wastewater treatment: a review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2019; 39:422-435. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1571007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Filali Rayen
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Paris-Saclay, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Pomacle, France
| | - Taidi Behnam
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Paris-Saclay, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Pomacle, France
| | - Pareau Dominique
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Paris-Saclay, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Pomacle, France
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23
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Guo W, Cheng J, Song Y, Kumar S, Ali KA, Guo C, Qiao Z. Developing a CO2 bicarbonation absorber for promoting microalgal growth rates with an improved photosynthesis pathway. RSC Adv 2019; 9:2746-2755. [PMID: 35520536 PMCID: PMC9059880 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09538h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to solve the problems of the short residence time and low utilization efficiency of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas added directly to a raceway pond, a CO2 bicarbonation absorber (CBA) was proposed to efficiently convert CO2 gas and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution to sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), which was dissolved easily in the culture medium and left to promote the microalgal growth rate. The CO2 gas reacted with the Na2CO3 solution (initial concentration = 200 mM L−1 and volume ratio in CBA = 60%) for 90 min at 0.3 MPa to give the optimized molar proportion (92%) of NaHCO3 product in total inorganic carbon and increase the microalgal growth rate by 5.0 times. Quantitative label-free protein analysis showed that the expression levels of the photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre protein (PsbH) and PSII cytochrome (PsbV2) in the photosynthesis pathway increased by 4.8 and 3.4 times, respectively, while that of the RuBisCO enzyme (rbcL) in the carbon fixation pathway increased by 3.5 times in Arthrospira platensis cells cultivated with the NaHCO3 product in the CBA at 0.3 MPa. To increase the residence time of CO2 gas added directly to the raceway pond, a CO2 bicarbonation absorber was proposed to convert CO2 gas and Na2CO3 to NaHCO3, which was dissolved easily in the solution and left to promote the biomass growth rate.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Yanmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Santosh Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Kubar Ameer Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Caifeng Guo
- Ordos Jiali Spirulina Co., Ltd
- Ordos 016199
- China
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24
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Cheng J, Miao Y, Guo W, Song Y, Tian J, Zhou J. Reduced generation time and size of carbon dioxide bubbles in a volute aerator for improving Spirulina sp. growth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:352-358. [PMID: 30243242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel volute aerator was proposed to generate shear force and break gas flow through water centrifugation to promote mass transfer for CO2 fixation with microalgae. The bubble evolution and gas-liquid mixing processes in volute aerator were numerically simulated. The bubble generation time and diameter were measured on a high-speed camera and assessed with level-set method. By optimizing gas inletpipe angle and water/gas inlet velocities of volute aerator, the bubble generation time decreased by 60.1% to 3.3 ms and outlet bubble diameter decreased by 50.7% to 1.8 mm, compared with traditional strip aerator. The corresponding gas-liquid mixing time reduced by 15.6% and mass transfer coefficient increased by 42.2%. The volute aerator was used as an alternative to traditional strip aerator to culture microalgae under high-purity CO2 condition, which promoted average growth rate and biomass production by 26.6% and 50.7%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yi Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yanmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jianglei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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25
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Cheng J, Guo W, Song Y, Kumar S, Ameer Ali K, Zhou J. Enhancing vorticity magnitude of turbulent flow to promote photochemical efficiency and trichome helix pitch of Arthrospira platensis in a raceway pond with conic baffles. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:1-8. [PMID: 30144753 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to clarify vortex mechanisms under a turbulent flow field to explain enhanced biomass productivity, computational fluid dynamics and a miniature Doppler velocimeter were employed to investigate the promoted vorticity magnitude and turbulent kinetic energy to support the increased actual photochemical efficiency of Arthrospira platensis in a raceway pond with alternatively permutated conic baffles. Results showed that whereas the first two parameters increased by 5.9 and 13.9 times, respectively, the third rose on an average by 28% to the value of 0.59 measured on pulse-modulated fluorometer. Furthermore, it was detected on a Nikon inverted-fluorescence microscope that the average helix pitch and trichome length increased by 14% and 10% respectively, resulting in higher biomass productivity (34.8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yanmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Santosh Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kubar Ameer Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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26
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Cheng J, Guo W, Ameer Ali K, Ye Q, Jin G, Qiao Z. Promoting helix pitch and trichome length to improve biomass harvesting efficiency and carbon dioxide fixation rate by Spirulina sp. in 660 m 2 raceway ponds under purified carbon dioxide from a coal chemical flue gas. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 261:76-85. [PMID: 29654997 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The helix pitch and trichome length of Spirulina sp. were promoted to improve the biomass harvesting efficiency and CO2 fixation rate in 660 m2 raceway ponds aerated with food-grade CO2 purified from a coal chemical flue gas. The CO2 fixation rate was improved with increased trichome length of the Spirulina sp. in a raceway pond with double paddlewheels, baffles, and CO2 aerators (DBA raceway pond). The trichome length has increased by 33.3 μm, and CO2 fixation rate has increased by 42.3% and peaked to 51.3 g/m2/d in a DBA raceway pond. Biomass harvesting efficiency was increased with increased helix pitch. When the day-average greenhouse temperature was 33 °C and day-average sunlight intensity was 72,100 lu×, the helix pitch of Spirulina sp. was increased to 56.2 μm. Hence the biomass harvesting efficiency was maximized to 75.6% and biomass actual yield was increased to 35.9 kg in a DBA raceway pond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kubar Ameer Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guiyong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003,China
| | - Zhanshan Qiao
- Ordos Jiali Spirulina.sp Co., Ltd, Ordos 016199, China
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27
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Ye Q, Cheng J, Guo W, Xu J, Li K, Zhou J. Serial lantern-shaped draft tube enhanced flashing light effect for improving CO 2 fixation with microalgae in a gas-lift circumflux column photobioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 255:156-162. [PMID: 29414161 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel serial lantern-shaped draft tube (LDT) that generates vortices is proposed to increase radial velocity between dark and light regions for improving CO2 fixation with microalgae in a gas-lift circumflux column (GCC) photobioreactor. Clockwise vortices are generated in the downflow outerloop of the GCC photobioreactor with LDT. Radial velocity was improved from 1.50 to 4.35 × 10-2 m/s, thereby decreased liquid cycle period between dark and light regions by 1.9 times. Mixing time decreased by 21%, and mass transfer coefficient increased by 26% with LDT. Liquid radial velocity in the downflow outerloop and mass transfer coefficient in the GCC photobioreactor both first increased and then decreased when single-lantern height was increased. Peak CO2 fixation rate increased from 0.62 to 0.87 g/L/d, microalgal biomass yield increased by 50%. Removal efficiencies of pollutants (chemical oxygen demand, ammonium, tilmicosin, and ethinylestradiol) in wastewater were 62-90% with microalgae growth in GCC photobioreactor with LDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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28
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Sun Y, Huang Y, Liao Q, Xia A, Fu Q, Zhu X, Fu J. Boosting Nannochloropsis oculata growth and lipid accumulation in a lab-scale open raceway pond characterized by improved light distributions employing built-in planar waveguide modules. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:880-889. [PMID: 29145114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at alleviating the adverse effect of poor light penetrability on microalgae growth, planar waveguide modules functioned as diluting and redistributing the intense incident light within microalgae culture more homogeneously were introduced into a lab-scale open raceway pond (ORP) for Nannochloropsis oculata cultivation. As compared to the conventional ORP, the illumination surface area to volume ratio and effective illuminated volume percentage in the proposed ORP were respectively improved by 5.53 times and 19.68-172.72%. Consequently, the superior light distribution characteristics in the proposed ORP contributed to 193.33% and 443.71% increase in biomass concentration and lipid yield relative to those obtained in conventional ORP, respectively. Subsequently, the maximum biomass concentration (2.31 g L-1) and lipid yield (1258.65 mg L-1) was obtained when the interval between adjacent planar waveguide modules was 18 mm. The biodiesel produced in PWM-ORPs showed better properties than conventional ORP due to higher MUFA and C18:1 components proportions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jingwei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Cheng J, Guo W, Cai C, Ye Q, Zhou J. Alternatively permutated conic baffles generate vortex flow field to improve microalgal productivity in a raceway pond. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:212-218. [PMID: 29045924 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Alternatively permutated conic (APC) baffles were proposed to generate vertical and horizontal vortex flow to intensify mixing and mass transfer in a raceway pond. Both clockwise vortexes were generated before and after conic baffles in the main stream to increase perpendicular velocity by 40.3% and vorticity magnitude by 1.7 times on vertical cross section. Self-rotary flow around conic baffles and vortex flow among conic baffles were generated to increase perpendicular velocity by 80.4% and vorticity magnitude by 4.2 times on horizontal cross section. The bubble generation time and diameter decreased by 25.5% and 38.7%, respectively, while bubble residence time increased by 84.3%. The solution mixing time decreased by 48.1% and mass transfer coefficient increased by 34.0% with optimized relative spacing (ε) and height (ω) of conic baffles. The biomass productivity of Spirulina increased by 39.6% under pure CO2 with APC baffles in a raceway pond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Wangbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chengyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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30
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Cheng J, Yang Z, Zhou J, Cen K. Improving the CO2 fixation rate by increasing flow rate of the flue gas from microalgae in a raceway pond. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-017-0300-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Numerical and experimental investigation of hydrodynamics and light transfer in open raceway ponds at various algal cell concentrations and medium depths. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Yang Z, Cheng J, Yang W, Zhou J, Cen K. Developing a water-circulating column photobioreactor for microalgal growth with low energy consumption. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 221:492-497. [PMID: 27686719 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A water-circulating column photobioreactor (WCC-PBR) was developed to decrease bubble generation time and mixing time for growing microalgal biomass at low energy consumption. Bubble generation time was decreased by 60.4% and mixing time was decreased by 41.5% owing to an enhanced solution velocity with a water pump. Bubble residence time was decreased by 31.1% and mass transfer coefficient was decreased by 0.4% owing to a reduced distance between air aerator and solution surface. Microalgal growth rate was decreased by 12.7% from 128.9mg/Lday in an air-lifting column photobioreactor (ALC-PBR) to 112.6mg/Lday in a WCC-PBR because of the decrease in residence time of bubbles and an additional shear of cells in a water pump. However, total energy consumption of a WCC-PBR with an air compressor and a water pump was lower by 21.1% than that of an ALC-PBR with only an air compressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Weijuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kefa Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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33
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Yang Z, Cheng J, Ye Q, Liu J, Zhou J, Cen K. Decrease in light/dark cycle of microalgal cells with computational fluid dynamics simulation to improve microalgal growth in a raceway pond. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:352-359. [PMID: 27591521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to systemically analyze the movement of algae in a vortex flow field produced by up-down chute baffles. The average cell light/dark (L/D) cycle period, vertical fluid velocity, fraction of time the algae was resides in light zone and the L/D cycle period were investigated under different paddlewheel speeds and microalgal concentrations. Results showed that the L/D cycle period decreased but the vertical fluid velocity increased when the up-down chute baffles were used. The L/D cycle period decreased by 24% (from 5.1s to 3.9s), and vertical fluid velocity increased by 75% when up-down chute baffles were used with paddlewheel speed of 30r/min. The probability of L/D cycle period of 3s increased by 52% from 0.29 to 0.44 with the up-down chute baffles. This led to approximately 22% increase in biomass yield without changing the paddlewheel speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Qing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jianzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kefa Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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34
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Yang Z, Cheng J, Liu J, Zhou J, Cen K. Improving microalgal growth with small bubbles in a raceway pond with swing gas aerators. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:267-272. [PMID: 27243604 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel swing gas aerator was developed to generate small bubbles for improving the mass transfer coefficient and microalgal growth rate in a raceway pond. A high-speed photography system (HSP) was used to measure the bubble diameter and generation time, and online precise dissolved oxygen probes and pH probes were used to measure the mass transfer coefficient and mixing time. Bubble generation time and diameter decreased by 21% and 9%, respectively, when rubber gas aerators were swung in the microalgae solution. When water pump power and gas aeration rate increased in a raceway pond with swing gas aerators and oscillating baffles (SGAOB), bubble generation time and diameter decreased but solution velocity and mass transfer coefficient increased. The mass transfer coefficient increased by 25% and the solution velocity increased by 11% when SGAOB was used, and the microalgal biomass yield increased by 18%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Jianzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kefa Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Yang Z, Cheng J, Li K, Zhou J, Cen K. Optimizing gas transfer to improve growth rate of Haematococcus pluvialis in a raceway pond with chute and oscillating baffles. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:276-283. [PMID: 27140817 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Up-down chute and oscillating (UCO) baffles were used to generate vortex and oscillating flow field to improve growth rate of Haematococcus pluvialis in a raceway pond. Effects of gas flow rate, solution velocity, and solution depth on solution mass transfer coefficient and mixing time were evaluated using online pH and dissolved oxygen probes. Mass transfer coefficient increased by 1.3 times and mixing time decreased by 33% when UCO baffles were used in the H. pluvialis solution, resulting in an 18% increase in biomass yield with 2% CO2. The H. pluvialis biomass yield further increased to 1.5g/L, and astaxanthin composition accumulated to 29.7mg/L under relatively higher light intensity and salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kefa Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Yang Z, Cheng J, Lin R, Zhou J, Cen K. Improving microalgal growth with reduced diameters of aeration bubbles and enhanced mass transfer of solution in an oscillating flow field. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:429-434. [PMID: 27035474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel oscillating gas aerator combined with an oscillating baffle was proposed to generate smaller aeration bubbles and enhance solution mass transfer, which can improve microalgal growth in a raceway pond. A high-speed photography system (HSP) was used to measure bubble diameter and generation time, and online precise dissolved oxygen probes and pH probes were used to measure mass-transfer coefficient and mixing time. Bubble diameter and generation time decreased with decreased aeration gas rate, decreased orifice diameter, and increased water velocity in the oscillating gas aerator. The optimized oscillating gas aerator decreased bubble diameter and generation time by 25% and 58%, respectively, compared with a horizontal tubular gas aerator. Using an oscillating gas aerator and an oscillating baffle in a raceway pond increased the solution mass-transfer coefficient by 15% and decreased mixing time by 32%; consequently, microalgal biomass yield increased by 19%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Richen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kefa Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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37
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Yang Z, Cheng J, Xu X, Zhou J, Cen K. Enhanced solution velocity between dark and light areas with horizontal tubes and triangular prism baffles to improve microalgal growth in a flat-panel photo-bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:519-526. [PMID: 27038260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Novel horizontal tubes and triangular prism (HTTP) baffles that generate flow vortices were developed to increase solution velocity between dark and light areas and thus improve microalgal growth in a flat-panel photo-bioreactor. Solution velocity, mass-transfer coefficient, and mixing time were measured with a particle-imaging velocimeter, dissolved oxygen probes, and pH probes. The solution mass-transfer coefficient increased by 30% and mixing time decreased by 21% when the HTTP baffles were used. The solution velocity between dark and light areas increased from ∼0.9cm/s to ∼3.5cm/s, resulting in a decreased dark-light cycle period to one-fourth. This enhanced flashing light effect with the HTTP baffles dramatically increased microalgae biomass yield by 70% in the flat-panel photo-bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xiaodan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kefa Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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38
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Abu-Ghosh S, Fixler D, Dubinsky Z, Iluz D. Flashing light in microalgae biotechnology. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 203:357-363. [PMID: 26747205 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Flashing light can enhance photosynthesis and improve the quality and quantity of microalgal biomass, as it can increase the products of interest by magnitudes. Therefore, the integration of flashing light effect into microalgal cultivation systems should be considered. However, microalgae require a balanced mix of the light/dark cycle for higher growth rates, and respond to light intensity differently according to the pigments acquired or lost during the growth. This review highlights recently published results on flashing light effect on microalgae and its applications in biotechnology, as well as the recently developed bioreactors designed to fulfill this effect. It also discusses how this knowledge can be applied in selecting the optimal light frequencies and intensities with specific technical properties for increasing biomass production and/or the yield of the chemicals of interest by microalgae belonging to different genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Abu-Ghosh
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; The Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
| | - Dror Fixler
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; The Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Zvy Dubinsky
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - David Iluz
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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Cheng J, Yang Z, Ye Q, Zhou J, Cen K. Improving CO2 fixation with microalgae by bubble breakage in raceway ponds with up-down chute baffles. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 201:174-181. [PMID: 26642222 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aeration gas was broken into smaller bubbles with enhanced local solution velocity to improve CO2 fixation with microalgae in raceway ponds with up-down chute baffles. A high-speed photography system and online precise pH probes were used to measure bubble generation and residence times, which were affected by paddlewheel speed, aerator orifice diameter, gas flow rate, and solution depth. Bubble generation time (from gas reaching aerator orifice surface to completely escaping from the aerator) decreased because of the enhanced local solution velocity, whereas bubble residence time increased because of the vortex flow field produced by up-down chute baffles. Bubble generation time decreased by 27% and bubble residence time increased by 27% when paddlewheel speed was 10r/min with an aeration gas rate of 0.03vvm. The decreased generation time and increased residence time of aeration bubbles promoted microalgae biomass yield by 29% in optimized flow fields in raceway ponds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Zongbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kefa Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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