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Abstract
The depletion of fossil fuel resources and the negative impact of their use on the climate have resulted in the need for alternative sources of clean, sustainable energy. One available alternative, bioethanol, is a potential substitute for, or additive to, petroleum-derived gasoline. In the lignocellulose-to-bioethanol process, the cellulose hydrolysis step represents a major hurdle that hinders commercialization. To achieve economical production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials, the rate and yield of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, which is preferred over other chemically catalyzed processes, must be enhanced. To achieve this, product inhibition and enzyme loss, which are two major challenges, must be overcome. The implementation of membranes, which can permeate molecules selectively based on their size, offers a solution to this problem. Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) can enhance enzymatic hydrolysis yields and lower costs by retaining enzymes for repeated usage while permeating the products. This paper presents a critical discussion of the use of MBRs as a promising approach to the enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials. Various MBR configurations and factors that affect their performance are presented.
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Analysis of carbohydrate-active enzymes and sugar transporters in Penicillium echinulatum: A genome-wide comparative study of the fungal lignocellulolytic system. Gene 2022; 822:146345. [PMID: 35189252 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium echinulatum 2HH is an ascomycete well known for its production of cellulolytic enzymes. Understanding lignocellulolytic and sugar uptake systems is essential to obtain efficient fungi strains for the production of bioethanol. In this study we performed a genome-wide functional annotation of carbohydrate-active enzymes and sugar transporters involved in the lignocellulolytic system of P. echinulatum 2HH and S1M29 strains (wildtype and mutant, respectively) and eleven related fungi. Additionally, signal peptide and orthology prediction were carried out. We encountered a diverse assortment of cellulolytic enzymes in P. echinulatum, especially in terms of β-glucosidases and endoglucanases. Other enzymes required for the breakdown of cellulosic biomass were also found, including cellobiohydrolases, lytic cellulose monooxygenases and cellobiose dehydrogenases. The S1M29 mutant, which is known to produce an increased cellulase activity, and the 2HH wild type strain of P. echinulatum did not show significant differences between their enzymatic repertoire. Nevertheless, we unveiled an amino acid substitution for a predicted intracellular β-glucosidase of the mutant, which might contribute to hyperexpression of cellulases through a cellodextrin induction pathway. Most of the P. echinulatum enzymes presented orthologs in P. oxalicum 114-2, supporting the presence of highly similar cellulolytic mechanisms and a close phylogenetic relationship between these fungi. A phylogenetic analysis of intracellular β-glucosidases and sugar transporters allowed us to identify several proteins potentially involved in the accumulation of intracellular cellodextrins. These may prove valuable targets in the genetic engineering of P. echinulatum focused on industrial cellulases production. Our study marks an important step in characterizing and understanding the molecular mechanisms employed by P. echinulatum in the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Tong D, Zhan P, Zhang W, Zhou Y, Huang Y, Qing Y, Chen J. Surfactant‐Assisted Dilute Phosphoric Acid Plus Steam Explosion of Poplar for Fermentable Sugar Production. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denghui Tong
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004, China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yongcai Zhou
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yilei Huang
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yan Qing
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jienan Chen
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004, China
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Wu P, Kang X, Wang W, Yang G, He L, Fan Y, Cheng X, Sun Y, Li L. Assessment of Coproduction of Ethanol and Methane from Pennisetum purpureum: Effects of Pretreatment, Process Performance, and Mass Balance. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:10771-10784. [PMID: 35141053 PMCID: PMC8815079 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c02010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the structural complexity and improve the bioconversion efficiency of Pennisetum purpureum into bioethanol or/and biomethane, the effects of ensiling pretreatment, NaOH pretreatment, and their combination on digestion performance and mass flow were comparatively investigated. The coproduction of bioethanol and biomethane showed that 65.2 g of ethanol and 102.6 g of methane could be obtained from 1 kg of untreated Pennisetum purpureum, and pretreatment had significant impacts on the production; however, there is no significant difference between the results of NaOH pretreatment and ensiling-NaOH pretreatment in terms of production improvement. Among them, 1 kg of ensiling-NaOH treated Pennisetum purpureum could yield 269.4 g of ethanol and 144.5 g of methane, with a respective increase of 313.2% and 40.8% compared to that from the untreated sample; this corresponded to the final energy production of 14.5 MJ, with the energy conversion efficiency of 46.8%. In addition, for the ensiling-NaOH treated Pennisetum purpureum, the energy recovery from coproduction (process III) was 98.9% higher than that from enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation only (process I) and 53.6% higher than that from anaerobic digestion only (process II). This indicated that coproduction of bioethanol and biomethane from Pennisetum purpureum after ensiling and NaOH pretreatment is an effective method to improve its conversion efficiency and energy output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Wu
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key
Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Water Quality Security and
Protection in Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, No. 230, Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xihui Kang
- MaREI
Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, 4 Lee Road, Sunday’s Well, Cork, Ireland
| | - Wen Wang
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Gaixiu Yang
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Linsong He
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Yafeng Fan
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Cheng
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Yongming Sun
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Lianhua Li
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, No. 2, Nengyuan Road, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
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Langsdorf A, Volkmar M, Holtmann D, Ulber R. Material utilization of green waste: a review on potential valorization methods. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:19. [PMID: 38650228 PMCID: PMC10991214 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering global developments like climate change and the depletion of fossil resources, the use of new and sustainable feedstocks such as lignocellulosic biomass becomes inevitable. Green waste comprises heterogeneous lignocellulosic biomass with low lignin content, which does not stem from agricultural processes or purposeful cultivation and therefore mainly arises in urban areas. So far, the majority of green waste is being composted or serves as feedstock for energy production. Here, the hitherto untapped potential of green waste for material utilization instead of conventional recycling is reviewed. Green waste is a promising starting material for the direct extraction of valuable compounds, the chemical and fermentative conversion into basic chemicals as well as the manufacturing of functional materials like electrodes for electro-biotechnological applications through carbonization. This review serves as a solid foundation for further work on the valorization of green waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Langsdorf
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marianne Volkmar
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Strasse 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Dirk Holtmann
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Roland Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Strasse 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Taghavifar H, Anvari S. An Insight into Diesel–Ethanol and Diesel–Biodiesel Blends Spraying and Co-combustion in HSDI Diesel Engine. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Scopel BS, Restelatto D, Baldasso C, Dettmer A, Campomanes Santana RM. Steam Explosion in alkaline medium for gelatine extraction from chromium-tanned leather wastes: time reduction and process optimization. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:1857-1866. [PMID: 30465628 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1551430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline hydrolysis of chromium-tanned leather wastes (CTLW) is a well-known process that allows the extraction of its most valuable portion: the protein. However, alkaline hydrolysis is time-consuming. It usually takes from 2 to 10 h to be completed. In this work, alkaline hydrolysis was performed in a steam explosion reactor, using CaO as the alkalinizing agent and aiming at a short-time process. Three different temperatures and residence times were tested: 130, 140, and 150°C; 5, 10, and 15 min. When performed at 140°C for 10 min, the steam explosion in alkaline medium resulted in the optimum combination of protein extraction yield (30%) and gelatine quality (viscosity of 2.4 cP at 25°C in a 24.6 g/L protein solution - 39 kDa of molecular mass [Formula: see text]w). Not only a high extraction yield was achieved, but when compared to traditional methods, steam explosion in alkaline medium reduced the process time by a factor that varied from 12 to 36 times. It also reduced chromium content in the gelatine by a factor that varied from 16 to 96 times. Finally, to produce a high quality product, the ash content of the gelatine was reduced from 11.8% (dry basis) to 1.2% (dry basis) through diafiltration. This purification allows the application of the gelatine, for example, in the production of polymeric films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Santinon Scopel
- Post-Graduation Program in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering - Materials Department, Federal Univeristy of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Baldasso
- Engineering of Processes and Technologies Post-Graduate Program, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aline Dettmer
- Post-Graduation Program in Food Science and Technology, University of Passo Fundo, São José, Brazil
| | - Ruth Marlene Campomanes Santana
- Post-Graduation Program in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering - Materials Department, Federal Univeristy of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Evaluation of Napier Grass for Bioethanol Production through a Fermentation Process. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol is one of the widely used liquid biofuels in the world. The move from sugar-based production into the second-generation, lignocellulosic-based production has been of interest due to an abundance of these non-edible raw materials. This study interested in the use of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach), a common fodder in tropical regions and is considered an energy crop, for ethanol production. In this study, we aim to evaluate the ethanol production potential from the grass and to suggest a production process based on the results obtained from the study. Pretreatments of the grass by alkali, dilute acid, and their combination prepared the grass for further hydrolysis by commercial cellulase (Cellic® CTec2). Separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) techniques were investigated in ethanol production using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Scheffersomyces shehatae, a xylose-fermenting yeast. Pretreating 15% w/v Napier grass with 1.99 M NaOH at 95.7 °C for 116 min was the best condition to prepare the grass for further enzymatic hydrolysis using the enzyme dosage of 40 Filter Paper Unit (FPU)/g for 117 h. Fermentation of enzymatic hydrolysate by S. cerevisiae via SHF resulted in the best ethanol production of 187.4 g/kg of Napier grass at 44.7 g/L ethanol concentration. The results indicated that Napier grass is a promising lignocellulosic raw material that could serve a fermentation with high ethanol concentration.
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Pitfalls in the 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay for the reducing sugars: Interference of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:180-185. [PMID: 32289426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transformation of renewable biomass into value-added chemicals and biofuels has evolved to be a vital field of research in recent years. Accurate estimation of reducing sugars post pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass has been very inconsistent. For a few decades, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay has been widely employed for the estimation of reducing sugars derived from pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. This assay tests for the presence of free carbonyl group (C=O), the so-called reducing sugars. This involves the oxidation of the aldehyde functional group present to the corresponding acid while DNS is simultaneously reduced to 3-amino-5-nitrosalicylic acid under alkaline conditions. However, the presence of other active carbonyl groups can potentially also react with DNS leading to incorrect yields of reducing sugars. Therefore, a detailed study has been carried out to evaluate the influence of active carbonyl compounds like furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in the overall estimation of reducing sugars (glucose, xylose and arabinose) by DNS assay. In addition to this, reducing sugars estimation in the presence of furans were also investigated, it reveals that reducing sugars estimation was found to be 68% higher than actual sugars. Therefore, current findings strongly indicate that the employment of DNS assay for quantifying the reducing sugars in the presence of furans is not appropriate.
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Cai C, Wang L, Wang G, Hao J, Bai X, Wang Z, Wang D. Effects of dry explosion pretreatment on physicochemical and fuel properties of hybrid pennisetum (Pennisetum americanum × P. purpureum). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122508. [PMID: 31816573 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment of lignocellulose is a critical step in biomass exploitation. This paper proposed a dry explosion pretreatment based on steam explosion in order to improve energy efficiency and treatment effects. A laboratory simulation test bench was built. Hybrid pennisetum was selected as the experimental material. Dry explosion pretreatment under different conditions (temperature: 200, 225, 250, 275 °C, time: 10, 20 min) was conducted. The results showed that dry explosion had lower energy consumption level than steam explosion. Moreover, dry explosion enhanced fuel properties of biomass. The crystallinity of treated samples decreased greatly at high treatment severity. Multiple pyrolysis properties of samples increased first and then decreased with the increase of treatment severity, which was mainly due to dry explosion changing the proportion and nature of the components. These results showed that dry explosion pretreatment can effectively convert biomass into intermediate materials that are beneficial for thermochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cai
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liuqing Wang
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jia Hao
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaopeng Bai
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Decheng Wang
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Alkali and glycerol pretreatment of West African biomass for production of sugars and ethanol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Campos BB, Diniz RHS, Silveira FAD, Ribeiro Júnior JI, Fietto LG, Machado JC, Silveira WBD. ELEPHANT GRASS (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) IS A PROMISING FEEDSTOCK FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION BY THE THERMOTOLERANT YEAST Kluyveromyces marxianus CCT 7735. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20190361s20170263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raphael H. S. Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brasil; Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Lu X, Li C, Zhang S, Wang X, Zhang W, Wang S, Xia T. Enzymatic sugar production from elephant grass and reed straw through pretreatments and hydrolysis with addition of thioredoxin-His-S. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:297. [PMID: 31890025 PMCID: PMC6933627 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bioconversion of lignocellulose to fermentable C5/C6-saccharides is composed of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Lignin, as one of the main components, resists lignocellulose to be bio-digested. Alkali and organosolv treatments were reported to be able to delignify feedstocks and loose lignocellulose structure. In addition, the use of additives was an alternative way to block lignin and reduce the binding of cellulases to lignin during hydrolysis. However, the relatively high cost of these additives limits their commercial application. RESULTS This study explored the feasibility of using elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and reed straw (Phragmites australis), both of which are important fibrous plants with high biomass, no-occupation of cultivated land, and soil phytoremediation, as feedstocks for bio-saccharification. Compared with typical agricultural residues, elephant grass and reed straw contained high contents of cellulose and hemicellulose. However, lignin droplets on the surface of elephant grass and the high lignin content in reed straw limited their hydrolysis performances. High hydrolysis yield was obtained for reed straw after organosolv and alkali pretreatments via increasing cellulose content and removing lignin. However, the hydrolysis of elephant grass was only enhanced by organosolv pretreatment. Further study showed that the addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) or thioredoxin with His- and S-Tags (Trx-His-S) improved the hydrolysis of alkali-pretreated elephant grass. In particular, Trx-His-S was first used as an additive in lignocellulose saccharification. Its structural and catalytic properties were supposed to be beneficial for enzymatic hydrolysis. CONCLUSIONS Elephant grass and reed straw could be used as feedstocks for bioconversion. Organosolv and alkali pretreatments improved their enzymatic sugar production; however, the increase in hydrolysis yield of pretreated elephant grass was not as effective as that of reed straw. During the hydrolysis of alkali-pretreated elephant grass, Trx-His-S performed well as additive, and its structural and catalytic capability was beneficial for enzymatic hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengkui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Shouguo Wang
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 Shandong People’s Republic of China
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Rocha JRDASDC, Marçal TDS, Salvador FV, da Silva AC, Machado JC, Carneiro PCS. Genetic insights into elephantgrass persistence for bioenergy purpose. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203818. [PMID: 30212554 PMCID: PMC6136769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistence may be defined as high sustained yield over multi-harvest. Genetic insights about persistence are essential to ensure the success of breeding programs and any biomass-based project. This paper focuses on assessing the biomass yield persistence for bioenergy purpose of 100 elephantgrass clones measured in six growth seasons in Brazil. To assess the clones' persistence, an index based on random regression models and genotype-ideotype distance was proposed. Results suggested the existence of wide genetic variability between elephantgrass clones, and that the yield trajectories along the harvests generate genetic insights into elephantgrass clones' persistence and G x E interaction. A gene pool that acts over the biomass yield (regardless of the harvest) was detected, as well as other gene pools, which show differences on genes expression (these genes are the major responsible for clones' persistence). The lower and higher clones' persistence was discussed based on genome dosage effect and natural biological nitrogen fixation ability applied to bioenergy industry. The huge potential of energy crops necessarily is associated with genetic insights into persistence, so just this way, breeding programs could breed a new cultivar that fulfills the bioenergy industries.
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16
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Rezende CA, Atta BW, Breitkreitz MC, Simister R, Gomez LD, McQueen-Mason SJ. Optimization of biomass pretreatments using fractional factorial experimental design. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:206. [PMID: 30061928 PMCID: PMC6058377 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1200-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pretreatments are one of the main bottlenecks for the lignocellulose conversion process and the search for cheaper and effective pretreatment methodologies for each biomass is a complex but fundamental task. Here, we used a 2ν5-1 fractional factorial design (FFD) to optimize five pretreatment variables: milling time, temperature, double treatment, chemical concentration, and pretreatment time in acid-alkali (EA) and acid-organosolv (EO) pretreatments, applied to elephant grass leaves. RESULTS FFD allowed optimization of the pretreatment conditions using a reduced number of experiments and allowed the identification of secondary interactions between the factors. FFD showed that the temperature can be kept at its lower level and that the first acid step can be eliminated in both pretreatments, without significant losses to enzymatic hydrolysis. EA resulted in the highest release of reducing sugars (maximum of 205 mg/g substrate in comparison to 152 mg/g in EO and 40 mg/g in the untreated sample), using the following conditions in the alkali step: [NaOH] = 4.5% w/v; 85 °C and 100 min after ball milling the sample. The factors statistically significant (P < 0.05) in EA pretreatment were NaOH concentration, which contributes to improved hydrolysis by lignin and silica removal, and the milling time, which has a mechanical effect. For EO samples, the statistically significant factors to improved hydrolysis were ethanol and catalyst concentrations, which are both correlated to higher cellulose amounts in the pretreated substrates. The catalyst is also correlated to lignin removal. The detailed characterization of the main hemicellulosic sugars in the solids after pretreatments revealed their distinct recalcitrance: glucose was typically more recalcitrant than xylose and arabinose, which could be almost completely removed under specific pretreatments. In EA samples, the removal of hemicellulose derivatives was very dependent on the acid step, especially arabinose removal. CONCLUSION The results presented herewith contribute to the development of more efficient and viable pretreatments to produce cellulosic ethanol from grass biomasses, saving time, costs and energy. They also facilitate the design of enzymatic cocktails and a more appropriate use of the sugars contained in the pretreatment liquors, by establishing the key recalcitrant polymers in the solids resulting from each processing step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila A. Rezende
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Beatriz W. Atta
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Marcia C. Breitkreitz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Rachael Simister
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products-CNAP, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5YW UK
| | - Leonardo D. Gomez
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products-CNAP, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5YW UK
| | - Simon J. McQueen-Mason
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products-CNAP, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5YW UK
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17
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Dal Picolli T, Regalin Aver K, Claudete Fontana R, Camassola M. High-performance of Agaricus blazei fungus for the biological pretreatment of elephant grass. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 34:42-50. [PMID: 28726354 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Biological pre-treatment seems to be promising being an eco-friendly process, with no inhibitor generated during the process. The potential for elephant grass pre-treatment with white degradation fungi Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus blazei, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, and Pleurotus djamor, in isolated or mixed cultures of these strains, was evaluated. The highest activities of enzymes involved in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass (laccases, endoglucanases, xylanases, and β-glucosidases) were observed for A. blazei, L. edodes and the combination of P. ostreatus and A. blazei. In the enzymatic hydrolysis, there was greater release of reducing sugars in the pre-treated elephant grass samples by A. blazei during 10 days (338.91 ± 7.39 mg g-1 of biomass). For this sample, higher lignin reductions, 24.81 and 57.45%, after 15 and 35 days of incubation, respectively, were also verified. These data indicate the potential of macromycetes such as A. blazei to perform biological pre-treatments. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 34:42-50, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Dal Picolli
- Enzymes and Biomass Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Kaliane Regalin Aver
- Enzymes and Biomass Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselei Claudete Fontana
- Enzymes and Biomass Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Marli Camassola
- Enzymes and Biomass Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
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18
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Menegol D, Scholl AL, Dillon AJP, Camassola M. Use of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) as substrate for cellulase and xylanase production in solid-state cultivation by Penicillium echinulatum. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20170343s20150822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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19
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He CR, Kuo YY, Li SY. Lignocellulosic butanol production from Napier grass using semi-simultaneous saccharification fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 231:101-108. [PMID: 28208065 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Napier grass is a potential feedstock for biofuel production because of its strong adaptability and wide availability. Compositional analysis has been done on Napier grass which was collected from a local area of Taiwan. By comparing acid- and alkali-pretreatment, it was found that the alkali-pretreatment process is favorable for Napier grass. An overall glucose yield of 0.82g/g-glucosetotal can be obtained with the combination of alkali-pretreatment (2.5wt% NaOH, 8wt% sample loading, 121°C, and a reaction time of 40min) and enzymatic hydrolysis (40FPU/g-substrate). Semi-simultaneous saccharification fermentation (sSSF) was carried out, where enzymatic hydrolysis and ABE fermentation were operated in the same batch. It was found that after 24-h hydrolysis, followed by 96-h fermentation, the butanol and acetone concentrations reached 9.45 and 4.85g/L, respectively. The butanol yield reached 0.22g/g-sugarglucose+xylose. Finally, the efficiency of butanol production from Napier grass was calculated at 31%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ruei He
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yuan Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Si-Yu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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20
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Toscan A, Morais ARC, Paixão SM, Alves L, Andreaus J, Camassola M, Dillon AJP, Lukasik RM. Effective Extraction of Lignin from Elephant Grass Using Imidazole and Its Effect on Enzymatic Saccharification To Produce Fermentable Sugars. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andréia Toscan
- Unidade
de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório
de Enzimas e Biomassa de Caxias do Sul−Instituto de Biotecnologia, Caxias
do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita C. Morais
- Unidade
de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE,
Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Susana M. Paixão
- Unidade
de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Alves
- Unidade
de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jürgen Andreaus
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau, Santa Catarina 89030-903, Brazil
| | - Marli Camassola
- Laboratório
de Enzimas e Biomassa de Caxias do Sul−Instituto de Biotecnologia, Caxias
do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
- Laboratório
de Enzimas e Biomassa de Caxias do Sul−Instituto de Biotecnologia, Caxias
do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Rafal M. Lukasik
- Unidade
de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
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21
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Toscan A, Morais ARC, Paixão SM, Alves L, Andreaus J, Camassola M, Dillon AJP, Lukasik RM. High-pressure carbon dioxide/water pre-treatment of sugarcane bagasse and elephant grass: Assessment of the effect of biomass composition on process efficiency. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 224:639-647. [PMID: 27955864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The performance of two lignocellulosic biomasses was studied in high-pressure carbon dioxide/water pre-treatment. Sugarcane bagasse and elephant grass were used to produce C5-sugars from hemicellulose and, simultaneously, to promote cellulose digestibility for enzymatic saccharification. Different pre-treatment conditions, with combined severity factor ranging from -1.17 to -0.04, were evaluated and maximal total xylan to xylose yields of 59.2wt.% (34.4wt.% xylooligomers) and 46.4wt.% (34.9wt.% xylooligomers) were attained for sugarcane bagasse and elephant grass, respectively. Furthermore, pre-treated biomasses were highly digestible, with glucan to glucose yields of 77.2mol% and 72.4mol% for sugarcane bagasse and elephant grass, respectively. High-pressure carbon dioxide/water pre-treatment provides high total C5-sugars and glucose recovery from both lignocellulosic biomasses; however it is highly influenced by composition and intrinsic features of each biomass. The obtained results confirm this approach as an effective and greener alternative to conventional pre-treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréia Toscan
- Unidade de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal; Universidade de Caxias do Sul - Instituto de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassa, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita C Morais
- Unidade de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal; LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Susana M Paixão
- Unidade de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Alves
- Unidade de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jürgen Andreaus
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, 89030-903 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Marli Camassola
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul - Instituto de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassa, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul - Instituto de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassa, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafal M Lukasik
- Unidade de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal.
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22
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Perrone OM, Rossi JS, Moretti MMDS, Nunes CDCC, Bordignon SE, Gomes E, Da-Silva R, Boscolo M. Influence of ozonolysis time during sugarcane pretreatment: Effects on the fiber and enzymatic saccharification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 224:733-737. [PMID: 27889354 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Modifications in sugarcane bagasse (SCB) from ozonolysis (O) NaOH (B) and ultrasound (U) (OBU) treatment for cellulosic ethanol production by enzymatic hydrolysis, were evaluated when increasing the exposure time of SCB to ozone. The lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose after treatment were quantified: lignin removal and a consequent increase in cellulose content were shown using an infrared spectroscopic technique (ATR-FTIR) and chemical characterization. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) proved that OBU treatment does not affect the crystalline cellulose portion and electron microscopy techniques established that the fiber region most affected by the OBU treatment was the secondary cell wall, where the greatest lignin content is located. For OBU-60 treatment the lignin content was reduced and consequently there was a significant increase in cellulose content. After enzymatic hydrolysis, this pretreated SCB released 418mgglucose/g, corresponding to six times more than untreated SCB and a yield of 93% of the cellulose available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olavo Micali Perrone
- Univ. Estadual Paulista - IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jessika Souza Rossi
- Univ. Estadual Paulista - IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Eleni Gomes
- Univ. Estadual Paulista - IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Da-Silva
- Univ. Estadual Paulista - IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Boscolo
- Univ. Estadual Paulista - IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Menegol D, Fontana RC, Dillon AJP, Camassola M. Second-generation ethanol production from elephant grass at high total solids. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:280-290. [PMID: 27023383 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The enzymatic hydrolysis of Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) was evaluated at high total solid levels (from 4% to 20% (w/v)) in a concomitant ball milling treatment in a rotating hydrolysis reactor (RHR). The greatest glucose yield was 20.17% when 4% (w/v) untreated biomass was employed. When sugars obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis were submitted to fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the greatest ethanol yield was 22.61% when 4% (w/v) untreated biomass was employed; however, the highest glucose concentration (12.47g/L) was obtaining using 20% (w/v) solids and highest ethanol concentration (6.1g/L) was obtained using 16% (w/v) solids. When elephant grass was hydrolyzed in the rotating hydrolysis reactor, ethanol production was about double that was produced when the biomass was hydrolyzed in a static reactor (SR). These data indicate that it is possible to produce ethanol from elephant grass when milling treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis are performed at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Menegol
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselei Claudete Fontana
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Marli Camassola
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
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24
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Influence of different chemical pretreatments of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) used as a substrate for cellulase and xylanase production in submerged cultivation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1455-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Medina JDC, Woiciechowski A, Filho AZ, Nigam PS, Ramos LP, Soccol CR. Steam explosion pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) using autocatalytic hydrolysis: A biorefinery approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 199:173-180. [PMID: 26343575 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) are an attractive source of carbon for the production of biochemical products, therefore, the aim of this work is to analyze the effect of the steam explosion (SE) pretreatment under autocatalytic conditions on EFB using a full experimental design. Temperature and reaction time were the operational variables studied. The EFB treated at 195°C for 6 min showed an increase of 34.69% in glycan (mostly cellulose), and a reduction of 68.12% in hemicelluloses, with increased enzymatic digestibility to 33% producing 4.2 g L(-1) of glucose. Scanning electron micrographs of the steam treated EFB exhibited surface erosion and an increased fiber porosity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the solubilization of hemicellulose and modification of cellulose in treated EFB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus David Coral Medina
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, CEP. 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Adenise Woiciechowski
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, CEP. 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Arion Zandona Filho
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, CEP. 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Pereira Ramos
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Chemistry, CEP. 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, CEP. 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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