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Klin M, Lewicki A, Pniewski F, Latała A. Enhancing methane yield from microalgae: abiotic stress and cells disruption with quartz powder. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 413:131511. [PMID: 39307477 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of microalgal biomass, introducing a novel cells disruption method using quartz powder (SiO2). A two-phase algae cultivation, involving nitrogen deprivation and salinity shifts, was employed to biochemically modify the biomass of two brackish green algae strains, Chlorella vulgaris and Monoraphidium contortum, enhancing their methane (CH4) production potential. Mechanical disruption of the algal cells further increased BMP, with C. vulgaris yielding 305 mL CH4/g volatile solids (VS) and M. contortum reaching 324 mL CH4/g VS, reflecting respective increases of 51 % and 86 %. The integration of this efficient mechanical cell disruption method with a simple, stress-based cultivation strategy presents significant potential for enhancing the methane yield of microalgal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Klin
- University of Gdańsk, Department of Oceanography and Geography al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Lewicki
- The Ecotechnologies Laboratory of the Department of Biosystems Engineering of the Poznań University of Life Sciences, 50 Wojska Polskiego Street, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
| | - Filip Pniewski
- University of Gdańsk, Department of Oceanography and Geography al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Adam Latała
- University of Gdańsk, Department of Oceanography and Geography al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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2
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Bello M, A K M, D E A B, A A M, Ranganathan P. Sustainable algal biorefinery: A review on current perspective on technical maturity, supply infrastructure, business and industrial opportunities. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 370:122208. [PMID: 39243640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The environmental problems associated with the use of fossil fuels demand a transition to renewable sources for fuels and energy. A biorefinery approach has often been considered and microalgae as a feedstock has been pampered for its numerous possibilities to produce biofuels. Depending on the species and cultivation conditions, microalgae can produce fats, proteins and sugars. These raw materials can thus be utilized in the production of biofuels, bioenergy and biochemicals. For this reason, algal biofuels are considered as sustainable and renewable options for climate related challenges. However, there are many issues such as supply infrastructure, business and refinery opportunities, as well as their efficacy, tied to sustainable production of these energetic materials from algae. Thus, technical maturity, scalability, energy and material balance demands coupled with cost, nutrient resources demand, certification and legislation are needed to demonstrate the biorefinery opportunities of algal biomass valorisation. This paper therefore recommends that various consortiums tasked with algal biofuel projects should be chosen for a more holistic integrated multidisciplinary approach to address the advancement of algal biofuel technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammadu Bello
- Department of Chemistry, Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto, Nigeria.
| | - Modu A K
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Abubakar Tafawa University, Bauchi ATBU, Nigeria
| | - Boryo D E A
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Abubakar Tafawa University, Bauchi ATBU, Nigeria
| | - Mahmoud A A
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Abubakar Tafawa University, Bauchi ATBU, Nigeria
| | - Panneerselvam Ranganathan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode-673601, India
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Pinheiro AAD, da Silva EM, de Oliveira DCP, Magnus BS, Motteran F, Florencio L, Leite WRM. Volatile fatty acid and methane production from vinasse and microalgae using two-stage anaerobic co-digestion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34089-w. [PMID: 38926305 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The effects of adding vinasse (VIN) as a co-substrate on the stability and production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and methane (CH4) during the anaerobic digestion (AD) of microalgal biomass (MB) were evaluated. The AD system consisted of an acidogenic reactor (AR) followed by a methanogenic reactor (MR). The experiment was divided into phase I-start-up and AD of VIN; phase II-MB+VIN co-digestion (50:50 based on chemical oxygen demand (COD)); and phase III-co-digestion of pretreated MB and VIN (PTMB+VIN, 50:50). In phase I, the total amount of VFA in the AR increased from 240 to 2126 mg/L. In the MR, the conversion of VFA into CH4 yielded an average of 71 ± 37 NmL CH4/g CODin. In phase II, the initial CH4 production was 246 ± 31 mL CH4/g CODin but it decreased to 63 mL CH4/g CODin due to the accumulation of longer chain acids. More stable conditions were achieved after two hydraulic retention cycles and the average CH4 yield in this phase was 183 mL CH4/g CODin. In phase III, when using PTMB, 197 ± 72 NmL CH4/g CODin were obtained, i.e., a 2.7- and 1.1-fold increases compared to phases I and II, respectively. The predominance of acetate producers and syntrophic organisms suggests acetoclastic methanogenesis, confirmed by the occurrence of Methanosaeta (10.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Adam Duarte Pinheiro
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Edilberto Mariano da Silva
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Dicla Cesario Pereira de Oliveira
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Bruna Scandolara Magnus
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Motteran
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Lourdinha Florencio
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Wanderli Rogério Moreira Leite
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
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Hu W, Zheng S, Wang J, Lu X, Han Y, Wang J, Zhen G. Optimizing bioelectromethanosynthesis of CO 2 and membrane fouling mitigation in MECs via in-situ biogas recirculation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142119. [PMID: 38697567 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The CO2 bioelectromethanosynthesis via two-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) holds tremendous potential to solve the energy crisis and mitigate the greenhouse gas emissions. However, the membrane fouling is still a big challenge for CO2 bioelectromethanosynthesis owing to the poor proton diffusion across membrane and high inter-resistance. In this study, a new MEC bioreactor with biogas recirculation unit was designed in the cathode chamber to enhance secondary-dissolution of CO2 while mitigating the contaminant adhesion on membrane surface. Biogas recirculation improved CO2 re-dissolution, reduced concentration polarization, and facilitated the proton transmembrane diffusion. This resulted in a remarkable increase in the cathodic methane production rate from 0.4 mL/L·d to 8.5 mL/L·d. A robust syntrophic relationship between anodic organic-degrading bacteria (Firmicutes 5.29%, Bacteroidetes 25.90%, and Proteobacteria 6.08%) and cathodic methane-producing archaea (Methanobacterium 65.58%) enabled simultaneous organic degradation, high CO2 bioelectromethanosynthesis, and renewable energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Hu
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shaojuan Zheng
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xueqin Lu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yule Han
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Guangyin Zhen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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Liu H, He P, Chen Y, Wang X, Zou R, Xing T, Xu S, Wu C, Maurer C, Lichtfouse E. Coupling of biogas residue biochar and low-magnitude electric fields promotes anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:2118-2131. [PMID: 38678413 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Biochar-assisted anaerobic digestion (AD) remains constrained due to the inefficient decomposition of complex organics, even with the direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) pathway. The coupling of electrochemistry with the anaerobic biological treatment could shorten lengthy retention time in co-digestion by improving electron transfer rates and inducing functional microbial acclimation. Thus, this work investigated the potential of improving the performance of AD by coupling low-magnitude electric fields with biochar derived from the anaerobically digested biogas residue. Different voltages (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 V) were applied at various stages to assess the impact on biochar-assisted AD. The results indicate that an external voltage of 0.3 V, coupled with 5 g/L of biochar, elevates CH4 yield by 45.5% compared to biogas residue biochar alone, and the coupled approach increased biogas production by up to 143% within 10 days. This finding may be partly explained by the enhanced utilization of substrates and the increased amounts of specific methanogens such as Methanobacterium and Methanosarcina. The abundance of the former increased from 4.0 to 11.3%, which enhances the DIET between microorganisms. Furthermore, the coupling method shows better potential for enhancing AD compared to preparing iron-based biochar, and these results present potential avenues for its broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Liu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng He
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingkang Wang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixiang Zou
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Xing
- Jiangsu Lianxing Complete Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd, 96 Feiyue Road, Jingjiang, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Dingxin Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, 95 Feiyue Road, Jingjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suyun Xu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyang Wu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, China E-mail:
| | - Claudia Maurer
- University of Stuttgart - Institute of Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and 12 Waste Management, Bandtäle 2, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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Zhen G, Pan Y, Han Y, Gao Y, Ibrahim Gadow S, Zhu X, Yang L, Lu X. Enhanced co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste using novel electrochemical anaerobic membrane bioreactor (EC-AnMBR). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 377:128939. [PMID: 36958678 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling remains a big challenge hindering the wide-application of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology. In this study, an electrochemical anaerobic membrane bioreactor (EC-AnMBR) was developed by coupling electrochemical regulation to enhance co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste and mitigate membrane fouling. The highest methane production (0.12 ± 0.02 L/Lreactor/day) and net energy recovery (31.82 kJ/day) were achieved under the optimum conditions of 0.8 V, hydraulic retention time of 10 days and solids retention time of 50 days. Electrochemical regulation accelerated the mineralization of high-molecular-weight organics and reinforced the membrane antifouling ability by inducing electrostatic repulsive force and electrochemical oxidation. Besides, symbiotic relationships among functional microorganisms (Spirochaetes, Methanolinea, etc.) were enhanced, improving the hydrolysis and methanogenesis processes of complex organics and the long-term stability. This study confirms the technical feasibility of EC-AnMBR in treating high-solid biowastes, and provides the fundamental data to support its application in real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyin Zhen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai 200092, China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Yang Pan
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yule Han
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yijing Gao
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Samir Ibrahim Gadow
- Agriculture and Biology Research Division National Research Center, 12622, 32 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Liying Yang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xueqin Lu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai 200062, China
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Khanthong K, Kadam R, Kim T, Park J. Synergetic effects of anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and algae on biogas production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 382:129208. [PMID: 37217150 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and algae was assessed to offset the drawbacks of anaerobic mono-digestion of each substrate. Batch test results indicated that a food waste and algae mixture ratio of 8:2 facilitated the highest CH4 yield (334 mL CH4/g CODInput). This ratio was applied to the anaerobic co-digestion reactor, resulting in a CH4 yield that was twice that of the anaerobic mono-digestion reactors, thereby facilitating high operational stability. In contrast to the anaerobic mono-digestion, anaerobic co-digestion resulted in stable CH4 production by overcoming volatile fatty acid accumulation and a decreased pH, even under a high organic loading rate (3 kg COD/m3∙d). Furthermore, a comparative metagenomic analysis revealed that the abundance of volatile fatty acid-oxidizing bacteria and hydrogenotrophic and methylotrophic methanogens was significantly increased in the anaerobic co-digestion reactor. These findings indicate that the anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and algae significantly improves CH4 production and process stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonwan Khanthong
- Department of Advanced Energy Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61457, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul Kadam
- Department of Advanced Energy Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61457, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungyu Park
- Department of Advanced Energy Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61457, Republic of Korea.
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Wicaksono JA, Purwadaria T, Yulandi A, Tan WA. Bacterial dynamics during the burial of starch-based bioplastic and oxo-low-density-polyethylene in compost soil. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:309. [PMID: 36536283 PMCID: PMC9764577 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plastic waste accumulation is one of the main ecological concerns in the past decades. A new generation of plastics that are easier to degrade in the environment compared to conventional plastics, such as starch-based bioplastics and oxo-biodegradable plastics, is perceived as a solution to this issue. However, the fate of these materials in the environment are unclear, and less is known about how their presence affect the microorganisms that may play a role in their biodegradation. In this study, we monitored the dynamics of bacterial community in soil upon introduction of commercial carrier bags claimed as biodegradable: cassava starch-based bioplastic and oxo-low-density polyethylene (oxo-LDPE). Each type of plastic bag was buried separately in compost soil and incubated for 30, 60, 90, and 120 days. Following incubation, soil pH and temperature as well as the weight of remaining plastics were measured. Bacterial diversity in soil attached to the surface of remaining plastics was analyzed using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of 16SrRNA gene. RESULTS After 120 days, the starch-based bioplastic weight has decreased by 74%, while the oxo-LDPE remained intact with only 3% weight reduction. The bacterial composition in soil fluctuated over time with or without the introduction of either type of plastic. While major bacterial phyla remained similar for all treatment in this study, different types of plastics led to different soil bacterial community structure. None of these bacteria were abundant continuously, but rather they emerged at specific time points. The introduction of plastics into soil increased not only the population of bacteria known for their ability to directly utilize plastic component for their growth, but also the abundance of those that may interact with direct degraders. Bacterial groups that are involved in nitrogen cycling also arose throughout burial. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of starch-based bioplastic and oxo-LDPE led to contrasting shift in soil bacterial population overtime, which may determine their fate in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Abednego Wicaksono
- grid.443450.20000 0001 2288 786XMaster of Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Jalan Raya Cisauk – Lapan no. 10, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Tresnawati Purwadaria
- grid.443450.20000 0001 2288 786XBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Jalan Raya Cisauk – Lapan no. 10, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Adi Yulandi
- grid.443450.20000 0001 2288 786XBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Jalan Raya Cisauk – Lapan no. 10, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Watumesa Agustina Tan
- grid.443450.20000 0001 2288 786XBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Jalan Raya Cisauk – Lapan no. 10, Tangerang, Indonesia
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Sun M, Xiao K, Zhu Y, Ou B, Yu W, Liang S, Hou H, Yuan S, Gan F, Mi R, Yang J. Deciphering the role of microplastic size on anaerobic sludge digestion: Changes of dissolved organic matter, leaching compounds and microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114032. [PMID: 35952741 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here the role of microplastic size on dissolved organic matter, leaching compounds and microbial community during anaerobic sludge digestion was evaluated. Compared to that without the addition of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), during the 30 days' incubation, the anaerobic sludge digestion by adding PVC at the size of 75 μm and the concentration of 2.4 g/g volatile solids (VS) showed a 8.5% lower cumulative methane production, while a 17.9% higher cumulative methane production was noted by adding PVC at the size of 3000 μm and the concentration of 2.4 g/g VS. A long-term fed-batch laboratory-scale fermenter test for 147 days further testified, that higher removal efficiencies of total solids, volatile solids, and total chemical oxygen demand, and higher methane production were noted by adding PVC (2.4 g/g VS, 3000 μm) into the fermenter. More interestingly, higher concentrations of proteins, polysaccharides, volatile fatty acids, and soluble microbial by-products component were noted in the liquid phase of sludge drawn from the fermenter added with PVC since the biomass therein showed higher efficiencies of solubilization, hydrolysis, acidification, and methanogenesis. Moreover, as identified from the fermenter added with PVC, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was the most predominant leaching phthalates compound, although the biomass therein showed a 93.4% anaerobic biodegradability of DBP. The leaching of DBP drove the predominance of microbial community towards Synergistota and Methanosaeta. More irregular elliptical shallow dimples were noted on the PVC surface after 147 days' incubation, accompanied with abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Methanosaeta and Methanobacterium. The results from this study showed that the size of microplastic was a crucial factor in evaluating its impact on anaerobic sludge digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Yuwei Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Bei Ou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Shushan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Fangmao Gan
- Yangtze Ecology and Environment Co. Ltd., 96 Xudong Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Rongxi Mi
- Yangtze Ecology and Environment Co. Ltd., 96 Xudong Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
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10
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Research trends and strategies for the improvement of anaerobic digestion of food waste in psychrophilic temperatures conditions. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11174. [PMID: 36340003 PMCID: PMC9626950 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The organic fraction of municipal solid waste is mainly composed of food waste (FW), and traditional disposal practices for this fraction are generally considered to have negative environmental and economic impacts. However, the organic characteristics of this fraction could also be exploited through the anaerobic digestion of FW (FW-AD), which represents unique advantages, including the reduction of the area required for final disposal and environmental pollution and the same time the generation of renewable energy (mainly methane gas), and a by-product for agricultural use (digestate) due to its high nutrient content. Although approximately 88% of the world's population resides in areas with temperatures below 8 °C, psychrophilic conditions (temperatures below 20 °C) have hardly been studied, while mesophilic (66%) and thermophilic (27%) ranges were found to be more common than psychrophilic FW-AD (7%). The latter condition could decrease microbial activity and organic matter removal, which could affect biogas production and even make AD unfeasible. To improve the efficiency of the psychrophilic FW-AD process, there are strategies such as: measurement of physical properties as particle size, rheological characteristics (viscosity, consistency index and substrate behavior index), density and humidity, bioaugmentation and co-digestion with other substrates, use of inocula with psychrophilic methanogenic communities, reactor heating and modification of reactor configurations. However, these variables have hardly been studied in the context of psychrophilic conditions and future research should focus on evaluating the influence of these variables on FW-AD under psychrophilic conditions. Through a bibliometric analysis, this paper has described and analyzed the FW-AD process, with a focus on the psychrophilic conditions (<20 °C) so as to identify advances and future research trends, as well as determine strategies toward improving the anaerobic process under low temperature conditions. Temperature has a great influence on anaerobic digestion of food waste (FW-AD). Studies on the psychrophilic condition are limited, warranting further research. Physical properties of the substrate and inoculum influence psychrophilic FW-AD. The use of inocula adapted to low temperatures could increase biogas production. Changes in reactor configurations could improve biogas yield at low temperature.
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11
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Mozhiarasi V. Overview of pretreatment technologies on vegetable, fruit and flower market wastes disintegration and bioenergy potential: Indian scenario. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132604. [PMID: 34678338 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Disposal of segregated organic fractions of centralized wholesale market wastes (i.e. vegetable, fruit and flower markets waste) in dumpsites/landfills are not only a serious issue but also underutilizes the huge potency of these organic wastes. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising technology for converting organic wastes into methane, as a carbon-neutral alternative to conventional fuels. The major challenges related to the AD process are poor biodegradation of wastes and buffering capacity within the anaerobic digester that lowers the biogas yield. To accelerate biodegradation and to enhance the process efficacy of anaerobic digestion, several pretreatment technologies (mechanical, thermal, biological, chemical and combined pre-treatments) for organic wastes prior to the AD process were developed. This review article presents a comprehensive analysis of research updates in pretreatment techniques for vegetable, fruit and flower markets wastes for enhancing biogas yields during the AD process. The technological aspects of the pretreatment process are described and their efficiency comparison with the resultant process yields and environmental benefits are also discussed. The challenges and technical issues associated with each pretreatment and future research directions for overcoming the field implementation issues are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velusamy Mozhiarasi
- CLRI Regional Centre Jalandhar, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Jalandhar, 144021, Punjab, India.
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12
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Krauklis AE, Karl CW, Rocha IBCM, Burlakovs J, Ozola-Davidane R, Gagani AI, Starkova O. Modelling of Environmental Ageing of Polymers and Polymer Composites-Modular and Multiscale Methods. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:216. [PMID: 35012240 PMCID: PMC8747293 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Service lifetimes of polymers and polymer composites are impacted by environmental ageing. The validation of new composites and their environmental durability involves costly testing programs, thus calling for more affordable and safe alternatives, and modelling is seen as such an alternative. The state-of-the-art models are systematized in this work. The review offers a comprehensive overview of the modular and multiscale modelling approaches. These approaches provide means to predict the environmental ageing and degradation of polymers and polymer composites. Furthermore, the systematization of methods and models presented herein leads to a deeper and reliable understanding of the physical and chemical principles of environmental ageing. As a result, it provides better confidence in the modelling methods for predicting the environmental durability of polymeric materials and fibre-reinforced composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey E. Krauklis
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia;
| | | | - Iuri B. C. M. Rocha
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands;
| | - Juris Burlakovs
- Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 5 Kreutzwaldi St., 51014 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Ruta Ozola-Davidane
- Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Abedin I. Gagani
- Siemens Digital Industries Software, Via Werner von Siemens 1, 20128 Milan, Italy;
| | - Olesja Starkova
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia;
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13
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Zhang W, Liu X, Liu J, Zhao C, Sun S, Zhao Y. Biogas slurry nutrient removal and biogas upgrade in co-cultivated microalgae and fungi by induction with strigolactone. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Nishshanka GKSH, Liyanaarachchi VC, Premaratne M, Ariyadasa TU, Nimarshana PHV. Sustainable cultivation of
Haematococcus pluvialis
and
Chromochloris zofingiensis
for the production of astaxanthin and co‐products. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. K. S. H. Nishshanka
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
| | - V. C. Liyanaarachchi
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
| | - Malith Premaratne
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
| | - Thilini U. Ariyadasa
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
| | - P. H. V. Nimarshana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
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15
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Keller RJ, Porter W, Goli K, Rosenthal R, Butler N, Jones JA. Biologically-Based and Physiochemical Life Support and In Situ Resource Utilization for Exploration of the Solar System-Reviewing the Current State and Defining Future Development Needs. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:844. [PMID: 34440588 PMCID: PMC8398003 DOI: 10.3390/life11080844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The future of long-duration spaceflight missions will place our vehicles and crew outside of the comfort of low-Earth orbit. Luxuries of quick resupply and frequent crew changes will not be available. Future missions will have to be adapted to low resource environments and be suited to use resources at their destinations to complete the latter parts of the mission. This includes the production of food, oxygen, and return fuel for human flight. In this chapter, we performed a review of the current literature, and offer a vision for the implementation of cyanobacteria-based bio-regenerative life support systems and in situ resource utilization during long duration expeditions, using the Moon and Mars for examples. Much work has been done to understand the nutritional benefits of cyanobacteria and their ability to survive in extreme environments like what is expected on other celestial objects. Fuel production is still in its infancy, but cyanobacterial production of methane is a promising front. In this chapter, we put forth a vision of a three-stage reactor system for regolith processing, nutritional and atmospheric production, and biofuel production as well as diving into what that system will look like during flight and a discussion on containment considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Keller
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (W.P.); (K.G.); (R.R.); (N.B.); (J.A.J.)
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16
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Awasthi MK, Sarsaiya S, Wainaina S, Rajendran K, Awasthi SK, Liu T, Duan Y, Jain A, Sindhu R, Binod P, Pandey A, Zhang Z, Taherzadeh MJ. Techno-economics and life-cycle assessment of biological and thermochemical treatment of bio-waste. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2021; 144:110837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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17
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Damtie MM, Shin J, Jang HM, Cho HU, Wang J, Kim YM. Effects of biological pretreatments of microalgae on hydrolysis, biomethane potential and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 329:124905. [PMID: 33676351 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Parameters of temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) were varied to study their effects on hydrolysis, biomethane potential (BMP), and microbial diversity of microalgae biodegradation. Anaerobic pretreatments at 85 °C demonstrated the release of soluble carbohydrate and protein molecules under low microbial metabolic activity. However, at 55 °C, anaerobic pretreatments showed superior performance in methane yield, nutrient release, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production due to dominant Clostridium. Furthermore, the highest destruction of volatile solids (VS) was observed during aerobic pretreatments at 55 °C under the influence of various quantities of these genera - Luteimonas, Symbiobacterium, Soehngenia, Thermobacillus, and Ureibacillus. Statistical analysis revealed that hydrolysis and BMP were not correlated. However, soluble nitrogen and phosphorous showed strong correlation with methane (r = 0.623 and 0.948, respectively) under thermo-anaerobic pretreatment, while VS removal and concentrations of acetic and butyric acids and lipids were positively correlated with each other under thermo-aerobic pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekdimu Mezmir Damtie
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingyeong Shin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Jang
- Department of Environment & Energy and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 57896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Uk Cho
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, Gyeongnam 53064, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Choe S, Kim Y, Won Y, Myung J. Bridging Three Gaps in Biodegradable Plastics: Misconceptions and Truths About Biodegradation. Front Chem 2021; 9:671750. [PMID: 34055740 PMCID: PMC8160376 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.671750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the wake of plastic pollution increasing around the world, biodegradable plastics are one of the fastest-growing segments within the global plastics market. The biodegradation of these plastics depends on diverse factors including, but not limited to, the physicochemical structure of the materials, environmental conditions, and the microbial populations involved in the biodegradation. Although laboratory-based biodegradation tests simulate natural processes, they cannot precisely mimic the natural biodegradation of biodegradable plastics due to the disparity of several factors. In addition, the biodegradation levels claimed and/or reported by individuals and studies in different environments vary to a great extent. Biodegradable plastics are considered a sustainable alternative to non-biodegradable conventional plastics and are being promoted as an eco-friendlier choice for consumers. However, biodegradable plastics might not be as biodegradable as commonly believed, particularly in natural environments. This mini-review aims to bridge the following three gaps in biodegradable plastics by elucidating the common misconceptions and truths about biodegradation: i) the gaps among reported biodegradation level of biodegradable plastics; ii) the gaps between the biodegradation conditions in the controlled laboratory system and in the natural environment; and iii) the gaps between public perception and the actual environmental fate of biodegradable products. These gaps are critically reviewed with feasible solutions. This work will ease the assessment of biodegradable plastics and provide sound communication on corresponding claims–a prerequisite for successful market performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinhyeong Choe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yejin Won
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaewook Myung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
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19
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Hu Y, Kumar M, Wang Z, Zhan X, Stengel DB. Filamentous microalgae as an advantageous co-substrate for enhanced methane production and digestate dewaterability in anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 119:399-407. [PMID: 33191051 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at exploring filamentous microalgae (Tribonema sp.) as an advantageous co-substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD) of pig manure. Its impacts on the AD performance were assessed in terms of methane yield, energy conversion efficiency, digestion kinetics, and digestate dewaterability. The microalgae substantially improved methane yield, AD kinetics, and digestate dewaterability of the AD process. The enhancement in methane yield ranged from 2 to 27.4%, with the maximum enhancement (corresponding to an energy conversion efficiency of 81%) occurring at a mixing ratio of 1:1 (VS basis). The AD kinetics was improved as indicated by the increased hydrolysis rate constants and diminished lag time. The specific resistance to filtration (SRF) of the digestate decreased significantly with the increasing proportion of the microalgae in the co-substrates, which would facilitate digestate processing and valorisation. Subsequently, the high biomass productivity of the microalgae (441 mg/L/d) in liquid digestate would enable sustainable bioenergy production through nutrient recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuansheng Hu
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering & Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering & Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Zhongzhong Wang
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering & Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering & Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; MaREI Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Dagmar B Stengel
- Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Botany and Plant Science, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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20
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Co-digestion of municipal wastewater and microalgae biomass in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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21
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Magdalena JA, Greses S, González-Fernández C. Anaerobic degradation of protein-rich biomass in an UASB reactor: Organic loading rate effect on product output and microbial communities dynamics. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 274:111201. [PMID: 32798846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic degradation of enzymatically pretreated Chlorella vulgaris was aimed in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) to evaluate the organic loading rate (OLR) effect on biomass valorization. Low OLRs resulted in high methane yields (171 mL CH4/g CODin) at low hydraulic retention time (HRT of 6 days). Firmicutes (35-43%), Bacteroidetes (17-18%) and Euryarchaeota (11%) dominated at low OLRs, promoting methanogenic activity. On the contrary, the highest OLRs resulted in low methane yield (86 mL CH4/gCODin) with a concomitant short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) accumulation of 37% SCFAs-COD/CODin. The highest OLR decreased UASB reactor biodiversity, hampering Euryarchaeota population development (2.5%) and boosting Firmicutes (55%) and Proteobacteria (14%). These results demonstrated the suitability of UASB reactor configuration to reach high bioprocess efficiency for both, biogas and SCFAs production, with lower energetic and area requirements than those normally needed in continuous stirred tank reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Antonio Magdalena
- Biotechnology Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Greses
- Biotechnology Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Scale-Up Cultivation of Phaeodactylum tricornutum to Produce Biocrude by Hydrothermal Liquefaction. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phaeodactylum tricornutum is an interesting source of biomass to produce biocrude by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). Its biochemical composition, along with its biomass productivity, can be modulated according to this specific application by varying the photoperiod, the addition of CO2 or the variation of the initial nitrate concentration. The lab-scale culture allowed the production of a P. tricornutum biomass with high biomass and lipid productivities using a 18:6 h light:dark photoperiod and a specific CO2 injection. An initial concentration of nitrates (11.8 mM) in the culture was also essential for the growth of this species at the lab scale. The biomass generated in the scale-up photoreactor had acceptable biomass and lipid productivities, although the values were higher in the biomass cultivated at the lab scale because of the difficulty for the light to reach all cells, making the cells unable to develop and hindering their growth. The biocrudes from a 90-L cultivated microalga (B-90L) showed lower yields than the ones obtained from the biomass cultivated at the lab scale (B-1L) because of the lower lipid and high ash contents in this biomass. However, the culture scaling-up did not affect significantly the heteroatom concentrations in the biocrudes. A larger-scale culture is recommended to produce a biocrude to be used as biofuel after a post-hydrotreatment stage.
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23
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Wang Z, Yun S, Shi J, Han F, Liu B, Wang R, Li X. Critical evidence for direct interspecies electron transfer with tungsten-based accelerants: An experimental and theoretical investigation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 311:123519. [PMID: 32446236 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Accelerants can significantly enhance the biodegradability in anaerobic digestion (AD), which can be attributed to the direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) mechanism. However, critical evidence for DIET mechanism is absent. In this work, nano-scale tungsten (W)-based compounds (WC, W2N, and W18O49) are employed to clarify the roles of W-based accelerants in AD systems. A DIET mechanism based on the W-based accelerants is proposed, and three critical pieces of evidence are provided: (i) First-principle density functional theory calculations provide theoretical evidence, illustrating that W-based accelerants are of zero band gap. (ii) Electrical conductivity evaluation further elucidates that W-based accelerants have superior electronic transport. (iii) Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene confirms the existence of acetogens and methanogens in AD systems, which can act as electron-donor bacteria and electron-acceptor archaea, respectively. Combining theoretical with experimental results, the critical evidence provides a general strategy for understanding the DIET mechanism of accelerant in AD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Wang
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Sining Yun
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China.
| | - Jing Shi
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Feng Han
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Bingyin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Xue Li
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
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24
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Onorato C, Rösch C. Comparative life cycle assessment of astaxanthin production with Haematococcus pluvialis in different photobioreactor technologies. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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25
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Choudhary P, Assemany PP, Naaz F, Bhattacharya A, Castro JDS, Couto EDADC, Calijuri ML, Pant KK, Malik A. A review of biochemical and thermochemical energy conversion routes of wastewater grown algal biomass. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:137961. [PMID: 32334349 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are recognized as a potential source of biomass for obtaining bioenergy. However, the lack of studies towards economic viability and environmental sustainability of the entire production chain limits its large-scale application. The use of wastewaters economizes natural resources used for algal biomass cultivation. However, desirable biomass characteristics for a good fuel may be impaired when wastewaters are used, namely low lipid content and high ash and protein contents. Thus, the choice of wastewaters with more favorable characteristics may be one way of obtaining a more balanced macromolecular composition of the algal biomass and therefore, a more suitable feedstock for the desired energetic route. The exploration of biorefinery concept and the use of wastewaters as culture medium are considered as the main strategic tools in the search of this viability. Considering the economics of overall process, direct utilization of wet biomass using hydrothermal liquefaction or hydrothermal carbonization and anaerobic digestion is recommended. Among the explored routes, anaerobic digestion is the most studied process. However, some main challenges remain as little explored, such as a low energy pretreatment and suitable and large-scale reactors for algal biomass digestion. On the other hand, thermochemical conversion routes offer better valorization of the algal biomass but have higher costs. A biorefinery combining anaerobic digestion, hydrothermal carbonization and hydrothermal liquefaction processes would provide the maximum possible output from the biomass depending on its characteristics. Therefore, the choice must be made in an integrated way, aiming at optimizing the quality of the final product to be obtained. Life cycle assessment studies are critical for scaling up of any algal biomass valorization technique for sustainability. Although there are limitations, suitable integrations of these processes would enable to make an economically feasible process which require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Choudhary
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, IIT Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Paula Peixoto Assemany
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa/Civil Engineering Department, Avenida PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Farah Naaz
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, IIT Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Arghya Bhattacharya
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, IIT Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Jackeline de Siqueira Castro
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa/Civil Engineering Department, Avenida PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo de Aguiar do Couto Couto
- Universidade Federal de Itajubá/Itabira campus, Instituto de Ciências Puras e Aplicadas, Rua Irmã Ivone Drummond, 200, 35903-087 Itabira, MG, Brazil.
| | - Maria Lúcia Calijuri
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa/Civil Engineering Department, Avenida PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Kamal Kishore Pant
- Catalytic Reaction Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Anushree Malik
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, IIT Delhi, 110016, India.
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26
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Deže D, Mihaljević M, Kovačić Đ, Jovičić D, Kralik D. Natural Communities of Microalgae and Cyanobacteria from Eutrophicated Waters as Potential Co-substrates for Small-scale Biogas Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:1016-1028. [PMID: 32627142 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the biogas potential of biomass produced by microbiotic communities developed under natural conditions in freshwater systems such as ponds incorporated into agricultural landscapes. Natural communities of microalgae were collected from a small eutrophicated pond where dominant species were euglenoids (Lepocinclis species). Cyanobacterial communities dominated by Lyngbya species were taken from a domestic aquarium and cultivated under makeshift conditions. Experiments were done using dairy cow manure (DCM) for codigestion with natural communities of microalgae (MDM) and cyanobacteria (CDM) and conducted during 42 days in thermophilic regime. The total biogas yields were 421.40 and 383.34 mL/g volatile solids (VS), while the average methane contents were 63.97 and 64.06% for MDM and CDM, respectively. Our results indicate that the natural communities of microalgae and cyanobacteria used in this study possess the potential for biogas production, which is, in comparison with particular algal and cyanobacterial strains cultivated under strictly controlled cultivation conditions, more promising. Therefore, this study aims to motivate further investigations into the diverse natural communities of microalgae and cyanobacteria and pretreatments that are environmentally friendly and cost-effective and will eventually enhance small-scale biogas production on agricultural farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Deže
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Melita Mihaljević
- Department of Biology, Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/a, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Đurđica Kovačić
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Daria Jovičić
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Davor Kralik
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
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27
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Real-Time Behavior of a Microalgae–Bacteria Consortium Treating Wastewater in a Sequencing Batch Reactor in Response to Feeding Time and Agitation Mode. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12071893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A study of a microalgae–bacteria treatment system was conducted in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) by combining a precultured native algae Nannochloropsis gaditana L2 with spontaneous municipal wastewater microorganisms. Two types of agitation, air mixing (AI) and mechanical mixing (MIX), were assessed at continuous illumination (L) and photoperiod cycle light/dark (L/D). The obtained consortium, via native microalgae addition, has a better operational efficiency compared to spontaneous control. This allows the removal of 78% and 53% of total Kjeldhal nitrogen (TKN) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), respectively. Under the (L/D) photoperiod, the optimal removal rate (90% of TKN and 75% of COD) was obtained by the consortium at 4 days of hydraulic retention time (HRT) using the AI mode. Moreover, during feeding during dark (D/L) photoperiod, the highest removal rate (83% TKN and 82% COD) was recorded at 4 days HRT using the AI mode. These results bring, at the scale of a bioreactor, new data regarding the mode of aeration and the feeding time. They prove the concept of such a technology, increasing the attraction of microalgae-based wastewater treatment.
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28
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Valorization of raw brewers’ spent grain through the production of volatile fatty acids. N Biotechnol 2020; 57:4-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Park J, Naresh Kumar A, Cayetano RDA, Kim SH. Assessment of Chlorella sp. as a potential feedstock for biological methane production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 305:123075. [PMID: 32131041 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal biomass sequestrates CO2 and is regarded as a promising renewable feedstock for anaerobic digestion because of its adequate carbohydrate content and lignin-free structure. This study optimizes the dilute-acid pretreatment of Chlorella sp. and subsequent biomethane production using response surface methodology and central composite design with temperature, pretreatment time and solid-to-liquid ratio as variables. A temperature of 64.1 °C, pretreatment time of 1.2 h, and a solid to liquid ratio of 0.29 were the optimal pretreatment conditions and resulted in a methane yield of 302.22 mL CH4/g COD and methane production rate of 110.04 mL CH4/g VSS-d. The severity factor of 1.5-1.6 was adequate to render the Chlorella sp. bioavailable for high methane recovery. The results obtained from the experiments conformed to those predicted by the model. This study effectively utilizes algal biomass for biomethane production and enables the possibility of scaled-up studies using a closed-loop approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungsu Park
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - A Naresh Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Roent Dune A Cayetano
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Klin M, Pniewski F, Latała A. Growth phase-dependent biochemical composition of green microalgae: Theoretical considerations for biogas production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 303:122875. [PMID: 32036327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the most efficient and promising technique for biofuel production from microalgae biomass is an anaerobic fermentation. The goal of this work was to investigate changes in the biochemical composition during the long-term cultivation period of 15 green microalgal strains originating from the Baltic Sea. Subsequently, their theoretical methane potential (TMP), which is strictly determined by an algal growth phase and thus physiological state, was established. Based on the full spectrum of changes in the percentage share of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins in biomass, it was shown that the TMP values differed among strains as well as fluctuated during cultivation. The common trend, i.e., lipids accumulation and proteins breakdown in the late growth phase, was observed for most of the strains; others, however, preferred carbohydrates as storage material. The TMP data obtained herein allows developing a strategy for the design and production of algal biomass biochemically suited for fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Klin
- University of Gdańsk, Institute of Oceanography, Laboratory of Marine Plant Ecophysiology, al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Filip Pniewski
- University of Gdańsk, Institute of Oceanography, Laboratory of Marine Plant Ecophysiology, al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Adam Latała
- University of Gdańsk, Institute of Oceanography, Laboratory of Marine Plant Ecophysiology, al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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31
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Integration of Microalgae Cultivation in a Biogas Production Process from Organic Municipal Solid Waste: From Laboratory to Pilot Scale. CHEMENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering4020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the feasibility of integrating microalgae cultivation in a biogas production process that treats the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was investigated. In particular, the biomass growth performances in the liquid fraction of the digestate, characterized by high ammonia concentrations and turbidity, were assessed together with the nutrient removal efficiency. Preliminary laboratory-scale experiments were first carried out in photobioreactors operating in a continuous mode (Continuous-flow Stirred-Tank Reactor, CSTR), to gain preliminary data aimed at aiding the subsequent scaling up to a pilot scale facility. An outdoor experimental campaign, operated from July to October 2019, was then performed in a pilot scale raceway pond (4.5 m2), located in Arzignano (VI), Italy, to assess the performances under real environmental conditions. The results show that microalgae could grow well in this complex substrate, although dilution was necessary to enhance light penetration in the culture. In outdoor conditions, nitrification by autotrophic bacteria appeared to be significant, while the photosynthetic nitrogen removal was around 12% with respect to the inlet. On the other hand, phosphorus was almost completely removed from the medium under all the conditions tested, and a biomass production between 2–7 g m−2 d−1 was obtained.
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32
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Zamorano-López N, Borrás L, Seco A, Aguado D. Unveiling microbial structures during raw microalgae digestion and co-digestion with primary sludge to produce biogas using semi-continuous AnMBR systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134365. [PMID: 31677459 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Methane production from microalgae can be enhanced through anaerobic co-digestion with carbon-rich substrates and thus mitigate the inhibition risk associated with its low C:N ratio. Acclimated microbial communities for microalgae disruption can be used as a source of natural enzymes in bioenergy production. However, co-substrates with a certain microbial diversity such as primary sludge might shift the microbial structure. Substrates were generated in a Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) and combined as follows: Scenedesmus or Chlorella digestion and microalgae co-digestion with primary sludge. The study was performed using two lab-scale Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors (AnMBR). During three years, different feedstocks scenarios for methane production were evaluated with a special focus on the microbial diversity of the AnMBR. 57% of the population was shared between the different feedstock scenarios, revealing the importance of Anaerolineaceae members besides Smithella and Methanosaeta genera. The addition of primary sludge enhanced the microbial diversity of the system during both Chlorella and Scenedesmus co-digestion and promoted different microbial structures. Aceticlastic methanogen Methanosaeta was dominant in all the feedstock scenarios. A more remarkable role of syntrophic fatty acid degraders (Smithella, Syntrophobacteraceae) was observed during co-digestion when only microalgae were digested. However, no significant changes were observed in the microbial composition during anaerobic microalgae digestion when feeding only Chlorella or Scenedesmus. This is the first work revealing the composition of complex communities for semi-continuous bioenergy production from WRRF streams. The stability and maintenance of a microbial core over-time in semi-continuous AnMBRs is here shown supporting their future application in full-scale systems for raw microalgae digestion or co-digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zamorano-López
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - L Borrás
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Seco
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - D Aguado
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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33
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Pramanik SK, Suja FB, Zain SM, Pramanik BK. The anaerobic digestion process of biogas production from food waste: Prospects and constraints. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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34
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Khoo CG, Dasan YK, Lam MK, Lee KT. Algae biorefinery: Review on a broad spectrum of downstream processes and products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121964. [PMID: 31451339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Algae biomass comprises variety of biochemicals components such as carbohydrates, lipids and protein, which make them a feasible feedstock for biofuel production. However, high production cost mainly due to algae cultivation remains the main challenge in commercializing algae biofuels. Hence, extraction of other high value-added bioproducts from algae biomass is necessary to enhance the economic feasibility of algae biofuel production. This paper is aims to deliberate the recent developments of conventional technologies for algae biofuels production, such as biochemical and chemical conversion pathways, and extraction of a variety of bioproducts from algae biomass for various potential applications. Besides, life cycle evaluation studies on microalgae biorefinery are presented, focusing on case studies for various cultivation techniques, culture medium, harvesting, and dewatering techniques along with biofuel and bioenergy production pathways. Overall, the algae biorefinery provides new opportunities for valorisation of algae biomass for multiple products synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Gek Khoo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yaleeni Kanna Dasan
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Man Kee Lam
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Keat Teong Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
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35
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Kavitha S, Schikaran M, Yukesh Kannah R, Gunasekaran M, Kumar G, Rajesh Banu J. Nanoparticle induced biological disintegration: A new phase separated pretreatment strategy on microalgal biomass for profitable biomethane recovery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121624. [PMID: 31203180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study involves the application of new phase separated biological pretreatment (PSBP) strategy on microalgal biomass using the nickel nanoparticle induced cellulase secreting bacterial disintegration. Particularly, interest was focussed on cell wall weakening (CWW) of microalgae biomass besides the cell disintegration (CD) and release of organics. During CWW, protein, carbohydrate, cellulose, hemicellulose and DNA were used as evaluation indexes. Similarly, during CD, soluble chemical oxygen demand was used as evaluation index to assess the disintegration effect. A higher CWW was achieved at nickel nanoparticle (Np) dosage of 0.004 g/g SS. During CD, a clear demarcation in biomass solubilisation was achieved by PSBP (36%) than the sole biological pretreatment -BP (24%). The biomethanogenesis test results showed that enhanced methane production of 411 mL/g COD was achieved by PSBP than BP. Energy analysis showed that a higher net energy production of 6.467 GJ/d was achieved by PSBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Schikaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Gunasekaran
- Department of Physics, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
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36
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Zamorano-López N, Borrás L, Giménez JB, Seco A, Aguado D. Acclimatised rumen culture for raw microalgae conversion into biogas: Linking microbial community structure and operational parameters in anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 290:121787. [PMID: 31323513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ruminal fluid was inoculated in an Anaerobic Membrane Reactor (AnMBR) to produce biogas from raw Scenedesmus. This work explores the microbial ecology of the system during stable operation at different solids retention times (SRT). The 16S rRNA amplicon analysis revealed that the acclimatised community was mainly composed of Anaerolineaceae, Spirochaetaceae, Lentimicrobiaceae and Cloacimonetes fermentative and hydrolytic members. During the highest biodegradability achieved in the AnMBR (62%) the dominant microorganisms were Fervidobacterium and Methanosaeta. Different microbial community clusters were observed at different SRT conditions. Interestingly, syntrophic bacteria Gelria and Smithella were enhanced after increasing 2-fold the organic loading rate, suggesting their importance in continuous systems producing biogas from raw microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Zamorano-López
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Luis Borrás
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan B Giménez
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aurora Seco
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniel Aguado
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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37
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Choi YY, Patel AK, Hong ME, Chang WS, Sim SJ. Microalgae Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS): An emerging sustainable bioprocess for reduced CO2 emission and biofuel production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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38
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Microalgae at niches of bioelectrochemical systems: A new platform for sustainable energy production coupled industrial effluent treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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39
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Zamorano-López N, Greses S, Aguado D, Seco A, Borrás L. Thermophilic anaerobic conversion of raw microalgae: Microbial community diversity in high solids retention systems. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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40
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Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) Assay Method for Anaerobic Digestion Research. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11050921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests are widely used for characterizing a substrate’s influence on the anaerobic digestion process. As of 2018, there continues to be a lack of standardization of units and techniques, which impacts the comparability and validity of BMP results. However, BMP methods continue to evolve, and key aspects are studied to further eliminate systematic errors. This paper aims to update these key aspects with the latest research progress both to introduce the importance of each variable to those new to BMP measurements and to show the complexity required to design an accurate BMP test.
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41
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Techno-economic analysis of alternative aqueous phase treatment methods for microalgae hydrothermal liquefaction and biocrude upgrading system. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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42
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Benedetti M, Vecchi V, Barera S, Dall’Osto L. Biomass from microalgae: the potential of domestication towards sustainable biofactories. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:173. [PMID: 30414618 PMCID: PMC6230293 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-1019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in bulk biomass from microalgae, for the extraction of high-value nutraceuticals, bio-products, animal feed and as a source of renewable fuels, is high. Advantages of microalgal vs. plant biomass production include higher yield, use of non-arable land, recovery of nutrients from wastewater, efficient carbon capture and faster development of new domesticated strains. Moreover, adaptation to a wide range of environmental conditions evolved a great genetic diversity within this polyphyletic group, making microalgae a rich source of interesting and useful metabolites. Microalgae have the potential to satisfy many global demands; however, realization of this potential requires a decrease of the current production costs. Average productivity of the most common industrial strains is far lower than maximal theoretical estimations, suggesting that identification of factors limiting biomass yield and removing bottlenecks are pivotal in domestication strategies aimed to make algal-derived bio-products profitable on the industrial scale. In particular, the light-to-biomass conversion efficiency represents a major constraint to finally fill the gap between theoretical and industrial productivity. In this respect, recent results suggest that significant yield enhancement is feasible. Full realization of this potential requires further advances in cultivation techniques, together with genetic manipulation of both algal physiology and metabolic networks, to maximize the efficiency with which solar energy is converted into biomass and bio-products. In this review, we draft the molecular events of photosynthesis which regulate the conversion of light into biomass, and discuss how these can be targeted to enhance productivity through mutagenesis, strain selection or genetic engineering. We outline major successes reached, and promising strategies to achieving significant contributions to future microalgae-based biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Vecchi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Barera
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Dall’Osto
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
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43
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Effect of Mechanical Pre-Treatment of the Agricultural Substrates on Yield of Biogas and Kinetics of Anaerobic Digestion. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10103669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of mechanical pre-treatment of nine different agricultural substrates minced to particle sizes of 1.5 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm on biogas and methane yields and fermentation kinetics was investigated. The results showed, that for five of the nine tested substrates (grass, Progas rye, Palazzo rye, tall wheatgrass, beet), a higher biogas production was obtained for the degree of fragmentation of 10 mm compared to fragmentation of 5 mm and 1.5 mm. For fragmentation of 5 mm, the highest biogas production was achieved for sorghum silage, Atletico maize and Cannavaro maize—649.80, 735.59 and 671.83 Nm3/Mg VS, respectively. However, for the degree of fragmentation of 1.5 mm, the highest biogas production (510.43 Nm3/Mg volatile solid (VS)) was obtained with Topinambur silage. The modified Gompertz model fitted well the kinetics of anaerobic digestion of substrates and show a significant dependence of the model parameters Hmax (biogas production potential) and Rmax (maximum rate of biogas production) on the degree of substrate fragmentation.
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44
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Magdalena JA, Tomás‐Pejó E, Ballesteros M, González‐Fernandez C. Volatile fatty acids production from protease pretreated
Chlorella
biomass via anaerobic digestion. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:1363-1369. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mercedes Ballesteros
- Biotechnological Processes UnitIMDEA Energy Madrid Spain
- Biofuels UnitCIEMAT Madrid Spain
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45
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Narancic T, Verstichel S, Reddy Chaganti S, Morales-Gamez L, Kenny ST, De Wilde B, Babu Padamati R, O'Connor KE. Biodegradable Plastic Blends Create New Possibilities for End-of-Life Management of Plastics but They Are Not a Panacea for Plastic Pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:10441-10452. [PMID: 30156110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste pollution is a global environmental problem which could be addressed by biodegradable plastics. The latter are blended together to achieve commercially functional properties, but the environmental fate of these blends is unknown. We have tested neat polymers, polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate, polyhydroxyoctanoate, poly(butylene succinate), thermoplastic starch, polycaprolactone (PCL), and blends thereof for biodegradation across seven managed and unmanaged environments. PLA is one of the world's best-selling biodegradable plastics, but it is not home compostable. We show here that PLA when blended with PCL becomes home compostable. We also demonstrate that the majority of the tested bioplastics and their blends degrade by thermophilic anaerobic digestion with high biogas output, but degradation times are 3-6 times longer than the retention times in commercial plants. While some polymers and their blends showed good biodegradation in soil and water, the majority of polymers and their blends tested in this study failed to achieve ISO and ASTM biodegradation standards, and some failed to show any biodegradation. Thus, biodegradable plastic blends need careful postconsumer management, and further design to allow more rapid biodegradation in multiple environments is needed as their release into the environment can cause plastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Narancic
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin 4 , Ireland
| | | | | | - Laura Morales-Gamez
- Bioplastech Limited, Nova UCD, Belfield Innovation Park , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin 4 , Ireland
| | - Shane T Kenny
- Bioplastech Limited, Nova UCD, Belfield Innovation Park , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin 4 , Ireland
| | | | - Ramesh Babu Padamati
- AMBER Centre, CRANN Institute, School of Physics , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
- Bioplastech Limited, Nova UCD, Belfield Innovation Park , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin 4 , Ireland
| | - Kevin E O'Connor
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin 4 , Ireland
- BEACON - Bioeconomy Research Centre , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin 4 , Ireland
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46
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Liao Y, Bokhary A, Maleki E, Liao B. A review of membrane fouling and its control in algal-related membrane processes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 264:343-358. [PMID: 29983228 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane technologies have received much attention in microalgae biorefinery for nutrients removal from wastewater, carbon dioxide abatement from the air as well as the production of value-added products and biofuel in recent years. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review on membrane fouling issues and its control in membrane photobioreactors (MPBRs) and other algal-related membrane processes (harvesting, dewatering, and biofuel production). The mechanisms of membrane fouling and factors affecting membrane fouling in algal-related membrane processes are systematically reviewed. Also, strategies to control membrane fouling in algal-related membrane processes are summarized and discussed. Finally, the gaps, challenges, and opportunities in membrane fouling control in algal-related membrane technologies are identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Alnour Bokhary
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Esmat Maleki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Baoqiang Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
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Assemany PP, Calijuri ML, do Couto EDA, da Silva FP, de Souza MHB. Energy recovery in high rate algal pond used for domestic wastewater treatment. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:12-19. [PMID: 30101784 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
High rate algal pond (HRAP) was evaluated according to its energy potential and productivity by two rates, net energy ratio (NER) and specific biomass productivity. All energy inputs were calculated according to one HRAP with pre-ultraviolet disinfection treating anaerobic domestic sewage. The outputs were calculated for two energetic pathways: lipid and biogas production for the raw biomass (RB) and biomass after lipid extraction. The non-polar lipid content in dry biomass was 7.6%, reaching a daily lipid productivity of 0.2 g/m2·day and the biogas production potential was 0.20 m3/kg solids. For the biomass after lipid extraction, the biogas production reached 2.6 m3/kg solids. NER values of 10-3 for the RB were similar for lipids and biogas routes. The specific biomass productivity was 0.7 mg/kJ. For the residual biomass, after lipid extraction, NER value was 10-2 for the integrated route (lipids + biogas) and the specific biomass productivity of the extracted biomass was 0.4 mg/kJ. The best energetic pathway was to integrate both lipids and biogas route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Peixoto Assemany
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Núcleo de Pesquisas Ambientais Avançadas - nPA, Viçosa, MG, Brazil E-mail: ; Av. P.H. Rolfs - Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Campus da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Calijuri
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Núcleo de Pesquisas Ambientais Avançadas - nPA, Viçosa, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Eduardo de Aguiar do Couto
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Núcleo de Pesquisas Ambientais Avançadas - nPA, Viçosa, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Fernanda Pereira da Silva
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Núcleo de Pesquisas Ambientais Avançadas - nPA, Viçosa, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Mauro Henrique Batalha de Souza
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Núcleo de Pesquisas Ambientais Avançadas - nPA, Viçosa, MG, Brazil E-mail:
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Panyaping K, Khiewwijit R, Wongpankamol P. Enhanced biogas production potential of microalgae and swine wastewater using co-digestion and alkaline pretreatment. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:92-102. [PMID: 30101792 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biogas yield obtained from anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater (SWW) needs to be increased to produce electrical energy. To enhance biogas and prevent pollution, use of mixed culture microalgae grown in wastewater (MWW) with SWW has attracted a lot of interest. This research was focused on the possibility of utilizing MWW. Six experiments using raw SWW and MWW, and their co-digestion were conducted on a laboratory scale in one-litre reactors with the ratio of inoculum and substrate of 70:30 under without and with alkaline pretreatment (using 3% NaOH for pH adjustment every 15 min at pH 11 for 3 h). The results showed that co-digestion had the major effect on increasing biogas and methane yields (0.735 and 0.326 m3/kg of volatile solids (VS) removed), and the highest chemical oxygen demand and VS removal (60.29% and 63.17%). For pretreatment, the effect of ammonia inhibition at a high pH of 11 had more influence on biodegradation than the effect of destruction of MWW's cell walls, resulting in a low biogas production of pretreated MWW and pretreated co-digestion. These findings affirm the potential of co-digestion, and the possibility of using both single and co-substrate MWW. Pretreatment could be improved at a lower alkaline pH condition. A pilot scale of co-digestion should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Panyaping
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, 128 Huay Kaew Rd., Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand E-mail: ;
| | - R Khiewwijit
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, 128 Huay Kaew Rd., Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand E-mail: ;
| | - P Wongpankamol
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, 128 Huay Kaew Rd., Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand E-mail: ;
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Wirth R, Lakatos G, Böjti T, Maróti G, Bagi Z, Rákhely G, Kovács KL. Anaerobic gaseous biofuel production using microalgal biomass – A review. Anaerobe 2018; 52:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Gonzalez-Fernandez C, Barreiro-Vescovo S, de Godos I, Fernandez M, Zouhayr A, Ballesteros M. Biochemical methane potential of microalgae biomass using different microbial inocula. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:184. [PMID: 29988471 PMCID: PMC6025826 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae biomass is regarded as a potential feedstock for bioenergy purposes through anaerobic digestion (AD). Even though AD is a well-proven technology, the use of new feedstocks requires in-depth studies. A lot of research has been conducted assessing methane yield without paying attention to the anaerobic microbiome and their activities. For such a goal, the present investigation was designed to link methane yield to those two later sludge characteristics. In this sense, different anaerobic sources were tested, namely adapted to microalgae biomass and adapted to sewage sludge. RESULTS Despite the registered differences for the anaerobic microbiome analysis and specific methane activities towards model substrates, sludge adapted to digest sewage sludge did not affect the methane yield of Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus sp. Opposite to that, sludge samples adapted to digest microalgae exhibited a concomitant increase in methane yield together with increasing digestion temperatures. More specifically, the values attained were 63.4 ± 1.5, 79.2 ± 3.1 and 108.2 ± 1.9 mL CH4 g COD in-1 for psychrophilic, mesophilic and thermophilic digestions, respectively. While psycro- and mesophilic digestion supported similar yields (most probably linked to their anaerobic microbiome resemblance), the values attained for thermophilic digestion evidenced the usefulness of having a highly specific microbiome. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, particularly Clostridia, and Proteobacteria together with an important abundance of hydrogenotrophic methanogens was highlighted in this inoculum. CONCLUSION Overall, this study showed that working with tailored anaerobic microbiome could help avoiding pretreatments devoted to methane yield enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mercedes Ballesteros
- Biotechnological Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain
- Biofuels Unit, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
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