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Liu C, Choi B, Efimova E, Nygård Y, Santala S. Enhanced upgrading of lignocellulosic substrates by coculture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2024; 17:61. [PMID: 38711153 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-024-02510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock has a huge potential for biochemical production. Still, efficient utilization of hydrolysates derived from lignocellulose is challenged by their complex and heterogeneous composition and the presence of inhibitory compounds, such as furan aldehydes. Using microbial consortia where two specialized microbes complement each other could serve as a potential approach to improve the efficiency of lignocellulosic biomass upgrading. RESULTS This study describes the simultaneous inhibitor detoxification and production of lactic acid and wax esters from a synthetic lignocellulosic hydrolysate by a defined coculture of engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. A. baylyi ADP1 showed efficient bioconversion of furan aldehydes present in the hydrolysate, namely furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and did not compete for substrates with S. cerevisiae, highlighting its potential as a coculture partner. Furthermore, the remaining carbon sources and byproducts of S. cerevisiae were directed to wax ester production by A. baylyi ADP1. The lactic acid productivity of S. cerevisiae was improved approximately 1.5-fold (to 0.41 ± 0.08 g/L/h) in the coculture with A. baylyi ADP1, compared to a monoculture of S. cerevisiae. CONCLUSION The coculture of yeast and bacterium was shown to improve the consumption of lignocellulosic substrates and the productivity of lactic acid from a synthetic lignocellulosic hydrolysate. The high detoxification capacity and the ability to produce high-value products by A. baylyi ADP1 demonstrates the strain to be a potential candidate for coculture to increase production efficiency and economics of S. cerevisiae fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changshuo Liu
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta Campus, Tampere, Finland
| | - Bohyun Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elena Efimova
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta Campus, Tampere, Finland
| | - Yvonne Nygård
- Department of Life Sciences, Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Suvi Santala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta Campus, Tampere, Finland.
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Gao W, Li Z, Liu T, Wang Y. Production of high-concentration fermentable sugars from lignocellulosic biomass by using high solids fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Zou L, Ouyang S, Hu Y, Zheng Z, Ouyang J. Efficient lactic acid production from dilute acid-pretreated lignocellulosic biomass by a synthetic consortium of engineered Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus coagulans. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:227. [PMID: 34838093 PMCID: PMC8627035 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive and sustainable alternative to petroleum-based feedstock for the production of a range of biochemicals, and pretreatment is generally regarded as indispensable for its biorefinery. However, various inhibitors that severely hinder the growth and fermentation of microorganisms are inevitably produced during the pretreatment of lignocellulose. Presently, there are few reports on a single microorganism that can detoxify or tolerate toxic mixtures of pretreated lignocellulose hydrolysate while effectively transforming sugar components into valuable compounds. Alternatively, microbial coculture provides a simpler and more efficacious way to realize this goal by distributing metabolic functions among different specialized strains. RESULTS In this study, a novel synthetic microbial consortium, which is composed of a responsible for detoxification bacterium engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and a lactic acid production specialist Bacillus coagulans NL01, was developed to directly produce lactic acid from highly toxic lignocellulosic hydrolysate. The engineered P. putida with deletion of the sugar metabolism pathway was unable to consume the major fermentable sugars of lignocellulosic hydrolysate but exhibited great tolerance to 10 g/L sodium acetate, 5 g/L levulinic acid, 10 mM furfural and HMF as well as 2 g/L monophenol compound. In addition, the engineered strain rapidly removed diverse inhibitors of real hydrolysate. The degradation rate of organic acids (acetate, levulinic acid) and the conversion rate of furan aldehyde were both 100%, and the removal rate of most monoaromatic compounds remained at approximately 90%. With detoxification using engineered P. putida for 24 h, the 30% (v/v) hydrolysate was fermented to 35.8 g/L lactic acid by B. coagulans with a lactic acid yield of 0.8 g/g total sugars. Compared with that of the single culture of B. coagulans without lactic acid production, the fermentation performance of microbial coculture was significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS The microbial coculture system constructed in this study demonstrated the strong potential of the process for the biosynthesis of valuable products from lignocellulosic hydrolysates containing high concentrations of complex inhibitors by specifically recruiting consortia of robust microorganisms with desirable characteristics and also provided a feasible and attractive method for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to other value-added biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zou
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuiping Ouyang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueli Hu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojuan Zheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Ouyang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Improvement of nisin production by using the integration strategy of co-cultivation fermentation, foam fractionation and pervaporation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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The “Zero Miles Product” Concept Applied to Biofuel Production: A Case Study. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14030565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To make biofuel production feasible from an economic point of view, several studies have investigated the main associated bottlenecks of the whole production process through approaches such as the “cradle to grave” approach or the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis, being the main constrains the feedstock collection and transport. Whilst several feedstocks are interesting because of their high sugar content, very few of them are available all year around and moreover do not require high transportation’ costs. This work aims to investigate if the “zero miles” concept could bring advantages to biofuel production by decreasing all the associated transport costs on a locally established production platform. In particular, a specific case study applied to the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) campus is used as example to investigate the advantages and feasibility of using the spent coffee grounds generated at the main cafeteria for the production of bioethanol on site, which can be subsequently used to (partially) cover the campus’ energy demands.
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Origin, Impact and Control of Lignocellulosic Inhibitors in Bioethanol Production—A Review. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13184751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass is still struggling with many obstacles. One of them is lignocellulosic inhibitors. The aim of this review is to discuss the most known inhibitors. Additionally, the review addresses different detoxification methods to degrade or to remove inhibitors from lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Inhibitors are formed during the pretreatment of biomass. They derive from the structural polymers-cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The formation of inhibitors depends on the pretreatment conditions. Inhibitors can have a negative influence on both the enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysates. The inhibition mechanisms can be, for example, deactivation of enzymes or impairment of vital cell structures. The toxicity of each inhibitor depends on its chemical and physical properties. To decrease the negative effects of inhibitors, different detoxification methods have been researched. Those methods focus on the chemical modification of inhibitors into less toxic forms or on the separation of inhibitors from lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Each detoxification method has its limitations on the removal of certain inhibitors. To choose a suitable detoxification method, a deep molecular understanding of the inhibition mechanism and the inhibitor formation is necessary.
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Robak K, Balcerek M. Current state-of-the-art in ethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks. Microbiol Res 2020; 240:126534. [PMID: 32683278 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The renewable lignocellulosic biomass is a sustainable feedstock for the production of bioethanol, which shows the potential to replace fossil fuels. Due to the recalcitrant structure of plant cell wall made of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, the biomass conversion process requires the use of efficient pretreatment process before enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation to degrade the crystallinity of cellulose fibres and to remove lignin from biomass. Proper pretreatment techniques, economical production of cellulolytic enzymes, and effective fermentation of glucose and xylose in the presence of inhibitors are key challenges for the viable production of bioethanol. Although new strains capable of fermenting xylose are being designed, they are often not resistant to toxic compounds in hydrolysates. This paper provides an in-depth review of lignocellulosic bioethanol production via biochemical route, focusing on the most widely used pretreatment technologies and key operational conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation considering sugar/ethanol yields. In addition, this review examines the relevant detoxification strategies for the removal of toxic substances and the importance of immobilization. The review also indicates potential usage of engineered microorganisms to improve glucose and xylose fermentation, cellulolytic enzymes production, and response to stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Robak
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Maria Balcerek
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
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Gulli J, Kroll E, Rosenzweig F. Encapsulation enhances protoplast fusant stability. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:1696-1709. [PMID: 32100874 PMCID: PMC7318116 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A barrier to cost‐efficient biomanufacturing is the instability of engineered genetic elements, such as plasmids. Instability can also manifest at the whole‐genome level, when fungal dikaryons revert to parental species due to nuclear segregation during cell division. Here, we show that by encapsulating Saccharomyces cerevisiae‐Pichia stipitis dikaryons in an alginate matrix, we can limit cell division and preserve their expanded metabolic capabilities. As a proxy to cellulosic ethanol production, we tested the capacity of such cells to carry out ethanologenic fermentation of glucose and xylose, examining substrate use, ploidy, and cell viability in relation to planktonic fusants, as well as in relation to planktonic and encapsulated cell cultures consisting of mixtures of these species. Glucose and xylose consumption and ethanol production by encapsulated dikaryons were greater than planktonic controls. Simultaneous co‐fermentation did not occur; rather the order and kinetics of glucose and xylose catabolism by encapsulated dikaryons were similar to cultures where the two species were encapsulated together. Over repeated cycles of fed‐batch culture, encapsulated S. cerevisiae‐P. stipitis fusants exhibited a dramatic increase in genomic stability, relative to planktonic fusants. Encapsulation also increased the stability of antibiotic‐resistance plasmids used to mark each species and preserved a fixed ratio of S. cerevisiae to P. stipitis cells in mixed cultures. Our data demonstrate how encapsulating cells in an extracellular matrix restricts cell division and, thereby, preserves the stability and biological activity of entities ranging from genomes to plasmids to mixed populations, each of which can be essential to cost‐efficient biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Gulli
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Eugene Kroll
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Frank Rosenzweig
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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Bhatia SK, Jagtap SS, Bedekar AA, Bhatia RK, Patel AK, Pant D, Rajesh Banu J, Rao CV, Kim YG, Yang YH. Recent developments in pretreatment technologies on lignocellulosic biomass: Effect of key parameters, technological improvements, and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 300:122724. [PMID: 31926792 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is an inexpensive renewable source that can be used to produce biofuels and bioproducts. The recalcitrance nature of biomass hampers polysaccharide accessibility for enzymes and microbes. Several pretreatment methods have been developed for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products. However, these pretreatment methods also produce a wide range of secondary compounds, which are inhibitory to enzymes and microorganisms. The selection of an effective and efficient pretreatment method discussed in the review and its process optimization can significantly reduce the production of inhibitory compounds and may lead to enhanced production of fermentable sugars and biochemicals. Moreover, evolutionary and genetic engineering approaches are being used for the improvement of microbial tolerance towards inhibitors. Advancements in pretreatment and detoxification technologies may help to increase the productivity of lignocellulose-based biorefinery. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment technologies and strategies for the removal of inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujit Sadashiv Jagtap
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ashwini Ashok Bedekar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill-171005 (H.P), India
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Deepak Pant
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana 123031, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Christopher V Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, 06978 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Evaluation of inhibition of lignocellulose-derived by-products on bioethanol production by using the QSAR method and mechanism study. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Pomraning KR, Collett JR, Kim J, Panisko EA, Culley DE, Dai Z, Deng S, Hofstad BA, Butcher MG, Magnuson JK. Transcriptomic analysis of the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi during lipid accumulation on enzymatically treated corn stover hydrolysate. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:162. [PMID: 31289462 PMCID: PMC6593508 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1510-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient and economically viable production of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass is dependent on mechanical and chemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of plant material. These processing steps yield simple sugars as well as plant-derived and process-added organic acids, sugar-derived dehydration products, aldehydes, phenolics and other compounds that inhibit the growth of many microorganisms. Lipomyces starkeyi is an oleaginous yeast capable of robust growth on a variety of sugars and lipid accumulation on pretreated lignocellulosic substrates making it attractive as an industrial producer of biofuels. Here, we examined gene expression during batch growth and lipid accumulation in a 20-L bioreactor with either a blend of pure glucose and xylose or pretreated corn stover (PCS) that had been enzymatically hydrolyzed as the carbon sources. RESULTS We monitored sugar and ammonium utilization as well as biomass accumulation and found that growth of L. starkeyi is inhibited with PCS hydrolysate as the carbon source. Both acetic acid and furfural are present at concentrations toxic to L. starkeyi in PCS hydrolysate. We quantified gene expression at seven time-points for each carbon source during batch growth and found that gene expression is similar at physiologically equivalent points. Analysis of promoter regions revealed that gene expression during the transition to lipid accumulation is regulated by carbon and nitrogen catabolite repression, regardless of carbon source and is associated with decreased expression of the translation machinery and suppression of the cell cycle. We identified 73 differentially expressed genes during growth phase in the bioreactor that may be involved in detoxification of corn stover hydrolysate. CONCLUSIONS Growth of L. starkeyi is inhibited by compounds present in PCS hydrolysate. Here, we monitored key metabolites to establish physiologically equivalent comparisons during a batch bioreactor run comparing PCS hydrolysate and purified sugars. L. starkeyi's response to PCS hydrolysate is primarily at the beginning of the run during growth phase when inhibitory compounds are presumably at their highest concentration and inducing the general detoxification response by L. starkeyi. Differentially expressed genes identified herein during growth phase will aid in the improvement of industrial strains capable of robust growth on substrates containing various growth inhibitory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joonhoon Kim
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA USA
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA USA
| | | | | | - Ziyu Dai
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA USA
| | - Shuang Deng
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA USA
| | | | | | - Jon K. Magnuson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA USA
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA USA
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Ding M, Chen B, Ji X, Zhou J, Wang H, Tian X, Feng X, Yue H, Zhou Y, Wang H, Wu J, Yang P, Jiang Y, Mao X, Xiao G, Zhong C, Xiao W, Li B, Qin L, Cheng J, Yao M, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang L, Yu L, Chen T, Dong X, Jia X, Zhang S, Liu Y, Chen Y, Chen K, Wu J, Zhu C, Zhuang W, Xu S, Jiao P, Zhang L, Song H, Yang S, Xiong Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhuang Y, Su H, Fu W, Huang Y, Li C, Zhao ZK, Sun Y, Chen GQ, Zhao X, Huang H, Zheng Y, Yang L, Su Z, Ma G, Ying H, Chen J, Tan T, Yuan Y. Biochemical engineering in China. REV CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2017-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Chinese biochemical engineering is committed to supporting the chemical and food industries, to advance science and technology frontiers, and to meet major demands of Chinese society and national economic development. This paper reviews the development of biochemical engineering, strategic deployment of these technologies by the government, industrial demand, research progress, and breakthroughs in key technologies in China. Furthermore, the outlook for future developments in biochemical engineering in China is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Ding
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Biqiang Chen
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Xiaojun Ji
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- Shanghai Information Center of Life Sciences (SICLS), Shanghai Institute of Biology Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , China
| | - Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Xudong Feng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Hua Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yongjin Zhou
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Shandong University–Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Institute of Biology Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Pengpeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Xuming Mao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Wenhai Xiao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Bingzhi Li
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Lei Qin
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Jingsheng Cheng
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Mingdong Yao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Ying Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Hong Liu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Linling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xiaoqiang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Songping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Kequan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jinglan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Chenjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Pengfei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Ltd. of BoyaLife Inc. , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Hao Song
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Shanghai Information Center of Life Sciences (SICLS), Shanghai Institute of Biology Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , China
| | - Yongquan Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Youming Zhang
- Shandong University–Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Haijia Su
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Weiping Fu
- China National Center of Biotechnology Development , Beijing , China
| | - Yingming Huang
- China National Center of Biotechnology Development , Beijing , China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Zongbao K. Zhao
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Center of Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xueming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - He Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yuguo Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Biology Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Hanjie Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Tianwei Tan
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Yingjin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
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13
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Gu H, Zhu Y, Peng Y, Liang X, Liu X, Shao L, Xu Y, Xu Z, Liu R, Li J. Physiological mechanism of improved tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to lignin-derived phenolic acids in lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation by short-term adaptation. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:268. [PMID: 31755875 PMCID: PMC6854637 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1610-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenolic acids are lignin-derived fermentation inhibitors formed during many pretreatment processes of lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic, and syringic acids were selected as the model compounds of phenolic acids, and the effect of short-term adaptation strategies on the tolerance of S. cerevisiae to phenolic acids was investigated. The mechanism of phenolic acids tolerance in the adapted yeast strains was studied at the morphological and physiological levels. RESULTS The multiple phenolic acids exerted the synergistic inhibitory effect on the yeast cell growth. In particular, a significant interaction between vanillic and hydroxybenzoic acids was found. The optimal short-term adaptation strategies could efficiently improve the growth and fermentation performance of the yeast strain not only in the synthetic media with phenolic acids, but also in the simultaneous saccharification and ethanol fermentation of corncob residue. Morphological analysis showed that phenolic acids caused the parental strain to generate many cytoplasmic membrane invaginations with crack at the top of these sites and some mitochondria gathered around. The adapted strain presented the thicker cell wall and membrane and smaller cell size than those of the parental strain. In particular, the cytoplasmic membrane generated many little protrusions with regular shape. The cytoplasmic membrane integrity was analyzed by testing the relative electrical conductivity, leakage of intracellular substance, and permeation of fluorescent probe. The results indicated that the short-term adaptation improved the membrane integrity of yeast cell. CONCLUSION The inhibition mechanism of phenolic acid might be attributed to the combined effect of the cytoplasmic membrane damage and the intracellular acidification. The short-term adaptation strategy with varied stressors levels and adaptive processes accelerated the stress response of yeast cell structure to tolerate phenolic acids. This strategy will contribute to the development of robust microbials for biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqi Gu
- Department of Biology and Food Science, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Yuyong Zhu
- Department of Biology and Food Science, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
| | - Yanfang Peng
- Department of Biology and Food Science, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
| | - Xiujun Liang
- Basic Medical Institute, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Biology and Food Science, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
| | - Lingzhi Shao
- Department of Biology and Food Science, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of Biology and Food Science, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
| | - Zhaohe Xu
- Department of Biology and Food Science, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Biology and Food Science, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biology and Food Science, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000 Hebei China
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14
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Zhu JQ, Wu XL, Li WC, Qin L, Chen S, Xu T, Liu H, Zhou X, Li X, Zhong C, Li BZ, Yuan YJ. Ethylenediamine pretreatment of corn stover facilitates high gravity fermentation with low enzyme loading. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 267:227-234. [PMID: 30025318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the effect of ethylenediamine pretreatment on reducing enzyme loading in high gravity fermentation. At optimal conditions of ethylenediamine pretreatment, 85.5% lignin was removed. Enzyme adsorption analysis using a fluorescent cellulose-binding protein showed 35.2% increase of productive adsorption of enzymes to ethylenediamine pretreated biomass, which was caused by high delignification and dramatically increased surface roughness and porosity. In SScF at 15% glucan loading, up to 82.2 g/L ethanol was achieved with a relatively low enzyme loading of 3.6 FPU/g dry matter. It suggested that the remarkably high digestibility of EDA pretreated corn stover could effectively reduce the enzyme loading in the high gravity fermentation of cellulosic ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xiao-Le Wu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Wen-Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Lei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Si Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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15
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Comparison and Optimization of Saccharification Conditions of Alkaline Pre-Treated Triticale Straw for Acid and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Followed by Ethanol Fermentation. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Liu ZH, Chen HZ. Two-step size reduction and post-washing of steam exploded corn stover improving simultaneous saccharification and fermentation for ethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 223:47-58. [PMID: 27788429 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of corn stover biomass for ethanol production was performed by integrating steam explosion (SE) pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation. Higher SE pretreatment severity and two-step size reduction increased the specific surface area, swollen volume and water holding capacity of steam exploded corn stover (SECS) and hence facilitated the efficiency of hydrolysis and fermentation. The ethanol production and yield in SSF increased with the decrease of particle size and post-washing of SECS prior to fermentation to remove the inhibitors. Under the SE conditions of 1.5MPa and 9min using 2.0cm particle size, glucan recovery and conversion to glucose by enzymes were 86.2% and 87.2%, respectively. The ethanol concentration and yield were 45.0g/L and 85.6%, respectively. With this two-step size reduction and post-washing strategy, the water utilization efficiency, sugar recovery and conversion, and ethanol concentration and yield by the SSF process were improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong-Zhang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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17
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Qin L, Li X, Liu L, Zhu JQ, Guan QM, Zhang MT, Li WC, Li BZ, Yuan YJ. Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 224:342-348. [PMID: 27919544 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively. Both of the wash liquors had different impacts on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Enzymatic conversions of glucan and xylan monotonically decreased as wash liquor concentration increased. Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary. Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary. The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Jia-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Qi-Man Guan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Man-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Wen-Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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