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Dos Santos Neto AG, Barragán-Trinidad M, Florêncio L, Buitrón G. Strategy for the formation of microalgae-bacteria aggregates in high-rate algal ponds. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:1863-1876. [PMID: 34898377 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.2014577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work studied the formation of aggregates used for wastewater treatment in high-rate algal ponds (HRAP). For this, the establishment of microalgae-bacteria aggregates in these systems was evaluated, considering strategies for the inoculation and start-up. Two HRAP were operated in parallel, at first in batch mode and then in continuous flow. The wastewater treatment was efficient, with removal rates around 80% for COD and N-ammoniacal. Volatile suspended solids and chlorophyll for the culture grew continuously reached a concentration of 548 ± 11 mg L-1 and 7.8 mg L-1, respectively. Larger photogranules were observed when the system was placed in a continuous regime. The protein fraction of extracellular polymeric substances was identified as a determinant in photogranules formation. During the continuous regime, more than 50% of the biomass was higher than 0.2 mm, flocculation efficiency of 78 ± 6%, and the volumetric sludge index of 32 ± 5 mL g-1. The genetic sequencing showed the growth of cyanobacteria in the aggregate and the presence of microalgae from the chlorophytes and diatoms groups in the final biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio G Dos Santos Neto
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Instituto de Ingeniería, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Martín Barragán-Trinidad
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Instituto de Ingeniería, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Lourdinha Florêncio
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Germán Buitrón
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Instituto de Ingeniería, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
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2
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Yadav S, Goyal VC. Current Status of Ponds in India: A Framework for Restoration, Policies and Circular Economy. WETLANDS (WILMINGTON, N.C.) 2022; 42:107. [PMID: 36373131 PMCID: PMC9638415 DOI: 10.1007/s13157-022-01624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Healthy pond ecosystems are critical for achieving several sustainable development goals (SDG) through numerous ecosystem services (e.g., flood control, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration). However, the socio-economic and ecological value of ponds is often underestimated compared to the larger water bodies. Ponds are highly vulnerable to mounting land-use pressures (e.g., urban expansion, and agriculture intensification) and environmental changes, leading to degradation and loss of the pond ecosystem. The narrow utilitarian use-based conservation fails to recognize the multiple anthropogenic pressures and provides narrow solutions which are inefficient to regenerate the degraded pond ecosystem. In this paper, we holistically examined the legal challenges (policies) and key anthropogenic and environmental pressures responsible for pond degradation in India. The country is strongly dedicated to attaining SDG and circular economy (CE) through aquatic ecosystem conservation and restoration. Considerable efforts are required at the administration level to recognize the contribution of pond ecosystem services in attaining global environmental goals and targets. Worldwide restoration strategies were reviewed, and a framework for pond restoration and conservation was proposed, which includes policies and incentives, technologies such as environmental-DNA (e-DNA), life cycle assessment (LCA), and other ecohydrological measures. Nature-based solutions (NBS) offer a sustainable and cost-effective approach to restoring the pond's natural processes. Furthermore, linkage between the pond ecosystem and the CE was assessed to encourage a regenerative system for biodiversity conservation. This study informs the need for extensive actions and legislative reforms to restore and conserve the pond ecosystems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13157-022-01624-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Yadav
- Research Management and Outreach Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667 India
| | - V. C. Goyal
- Research Management and Outreach Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667 India
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3
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Biodiesel production from wet microalgae: Progress and challenges. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kumari S, Kumari S, Singh A, Pandit PP, Sankhla MS, Singh T, Singh GP, Lodha P, Awasthi G, Awasthi KK. Employing algal biomass for fabrication of biofuels subsequent to phytoremediation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:941-955. [PMID: 36222270 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2122927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An alga belongs to the multi-pertinent group which can add to a significant sector of environment. They show a prevailing gathering of microorganisms for bioremediation due to their significant capacity to inactivate toxic heavy metals. It can easily absorb or neutralize the toxicity of heavy metals from water and soil through phytoremediation. Biosorption is a promising innovation that focuses on novel, modest, and exceptionally successful materials to apply in phytoremediation technology. Furthermore, algal biomass can be used for biofuel generation after phytoremediation using thermochemical or biological transformation processes. The algal components get affected by heavy metals during phytoremediation, but with the help of different techniques, these are yield efficient. The extreme lipid and mineral substances of microalgae have been proven helpful for biofuel manufacturing and worth extra products. Biofuels produced are bio-oil, biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas, etc. The reuse capability of algae can be utilized toward ecological manageability and economic facility. In this review article, the reuse and recycling of algal biomass for biofuel production have been represented. This novel technique has numerous benefits and produces eco-friendly and economically beneficial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Kumari
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Surbhi Kumari
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Apoorva Singh
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Pritam P Pandit
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Tanvi Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Payal Lodha
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Garima Awasthi
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Kumud Kant Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
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Oruganti RK, Katam K, Show PL, Gadhamshetty V, Upadhyayula VKK, Bhattacharyya D. A comprehensive review on the use of algal-bacterial systems for wastewater treatment with emphasis on nutrient and micropollutant removal. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10412-10453. [PMID: 35441582 PMCID: PMC9161886 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2056823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The scarcity of water resources and environmental pollution have highlighted the need for sustainable wastewater treatment. Existing conventional treatment systems are energy-intensive and not always able to meet stringent disposal standards. Recently, algal-bacterial systems have emerged as environmentally friendly sustainable processes for wastewater treatment and resource recovery. The algal-bacterial systems work on the principle of the symbiotic relationship between algae and bacteria. This paper comprehensively discusses the most recent studies on algal-bacterial systems for wastewater treatment, factors affecting the treatment, and aspects of resource recovery from the biomass. The algal-bacterial interaction includes cell-to-cell communication, substrate exchange, and horizontal gene transfer. The quorum sensing (QS) molecules and their effects on algal-bacterial interactions are briefly discussed. The effect of the factors such as pH, temperature, C/N/P ratio, light intensity, and external aeration on the algal-bacterial systems have been discussed. An overview of the modeling aspects of algal-bacterial systems has been provided. The algal-bacterial systems have the potential for removing micropollutants because of the diverse possible interactions between algae-bacteria. The removal mechanisms of micropollutants - sorption, biodegradation, and photodegradation, have been reviewed. The harvesting methods and resource recovery aspects have been presented. The major challenges associated with algal-bacterial systems for real scale implementation and future perspectives have been discussed. Integrating wastewater treatment with the algal biorefinery concept reduces the overall waste component in a wastewater treatment system by converting the biomass into a useful product, resulting in a sustainable system that contributes to the circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Oruganti
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, India
| | - Keerthi Katam
- Department of Civil Engineering, École Centrale School of Engineering, Mahindra University, India
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Malaysia
| | - Venkataramana Gadhamshetty
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid, South Dakota, USA
| | | | - Debraj Bhattacharyya
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, India
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Wendisch VF, Nampoothiri KM, Lee JH. Metabolic Engineering for Valorization of Agri- and Aqua-Culture Sidestreams for Production of Nitrogenous Compounds by Corynebacterium glutamicum. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:835131. [PMID: 35211108 PMCID: PMC8861201 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.835131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum is used for the million-ton-scale production of amino acids. Valorization of sidestreams from agri- and aqua-culture has focused on the production of biofuels and carboxylic acids. Nitrogen present in various amounts in sidestreams may be valuable for the production of amines, amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds. Metabolic engineering of C. glutamicum for valorization of agri- and aqua-culture sidestreams addresses to bridge this gap. The product portfolio accessible via C. glutamicum fermentation primarily features amino acids and diamines for large-volume markets in addition to various specialty amines. On the one hand, this review covers metabolic engineering of C. glutamicum to efficiently utilize components of various sidestreams. On the other hand, examples of the design and implementation of synthetic pathways not present in native metabolism to produce sought after nitrogenous compounds will be provided. Perspectives and challenges of this concept will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker F Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology and Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - K Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Jin-Ho Lee
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyungsung University, Busan, South Korea
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A Review on Synchronous Microalgal Lipid Enhancement and Wastewater Treatment. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14227687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are unicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes that can treat wastewater and provide us with biofuel. Microalgae cultivation utilizing wastewater is a promising approach for synchronous wastewater treatment and biofuel production. However, previous studies suggest that high microalgae biomass production reduces lipid production and vice versa. For cost-effective biofuel production from microalgae, synchronous lipid and biomass enhancement utilizing wastewater is necessary. Therefore, this study brings forth a comprehensive review of synchronous microalgal lipid and biomass enhancement strategies for biofuel production and wastewater treatment. The review emphasizes the appropriate synergy of the microalgae species, culture media, and synchronous lipid and biomass enhancement conditions as a sustainable, efficient solution.
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Biswas T, Bhushan S, Prajapati SK, Ray Chaudhuri S. An eco-friendly strategy for dairy wastewater remediation with high lipid microalgae-bacterial biomass production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 286:112196. [PMID: 33639423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study attempts to integrate phyco-remediation and enhanced lipid productivity using microalgae-bacterial consortium enriched from wastewater fed aquaculture pond. Metagenomic analyses and microscopic images of the consortium revealed the presence of Chlorella variabilis, Parachlorella kessleri, Thermosynechococcus elongatus, Chlamydomonas, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Oscillatoriales, Synechocystis sp., Microcystis aeruginosa, Nostocales, Naviculales, Stramenopiles, other members of Chlorophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, and Chroococcales along with potential bacterial bioremediants. During a 30 days trial run (15 days stabilization and 14 days remediation studies) for phyco-remediation drastic reduction in the nutrient and COD content from the tested wastewater samples was seen. There was up to 93% and 87.2% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium concentration, respectively. Further, almost 100% removal of nitrates and phosphates from the dairy wastewater upon 48 h of treatment with polyculture under ambient temperature (25 ± 2 °C) with 6309 lux illumination and mild aeration, was observed for all the seven cycles. Interestingly, the nutrient and COD concentrations in the treated water were below the discharge standards as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) norms. In additions, biomass (reported as dry cell weight) was enhanced by 67% upon treatment with ammonia-rich dairy wastewater exhibiting 42% lipid, 55% carbohydrate, and 18.6% protein content enhancement. The polyculture mainly grown as attached biofilm to the surface, offered an easy harvesting and separation of grown biomass from the treated wastewater. Overall, dairy wastewater was found to be a potential nutrient source for microalgae-bacteria cultivation thereby making the treatment process sustainable and eco-friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tethi Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura West, 799022, India; Centre of Excellence in Environmental Technology and Management, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal, 741249, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India; Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Environment and Biofuel Research Lab (EBRL), Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Shaon Ray Chaudhuri
- Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura West, 799022, India.
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Abdelkareem MA, Lootah MA, Sayed ET, Wilberforce T, Alawadhi H, Yousef BAA, Olabi AG. Fuel cells for carbon capture applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144243. [PMID: 33493911 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The harmful effect of carbon pollution leads to depletion of the ozone layer, which is one of the main challenges confronting the world. Although progress is made in developing different carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing methods, these methods are still expensive and face several technical challenges. Fuel cells (FCs) are efficient energy converting devices that produce energy via an electrochemical process. Recently varying kinds of fuel cells are considered as an effective method for CO2 capturing and/or conversion. Among the different types of fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs), and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) demonstrated promising results in this regard. High-temperature fuel cells such as SOFCs and MCFCs are effectively used for CO2 capturing through their electrolyte and have shown promising results in combination with power plants or industrial effluents. An algae-based microbial fuel cell is an electrochemical device used to capture and convert carbon dioxide through the photosynthesis process using algae strains to organic matters and simultaneously power generation. This review present a brief background about carbon capture and storage techniques and the technological advancement related to carbon dioxide captured by different fuel cells, including molten carbonate fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and algae-based fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Center for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute Of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt
| | - Maryam Abdullah Lootah
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Enas Taha Sayed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute Of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt.
| | - Tabbi Wilberforce
- Mechanical Engineering and Design, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Hussain Alawadhi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute Of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Dept. of Applied Physics, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bashria A A Yousef
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - A G Olabi
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Mechanical Engineering and Design, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
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Bhatia SK, Mehariya S, Bhatia RK, Kumar M, Pugazhendhi A, Awasthi MK, Atabani AE, Kumar G, Kim W, Seo SO, Yang YH. Wastewater based microalgal biorefinery for bioenergy production: Progress and challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 751:141599. [PMID: 32890799 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater is very important to protect downstream users from health risks and meet the freshwater demand of the ever-increasing world population. Different types of wastewater (textile, dairy, pharmaceutical, swine, municipal, etc.) vary in composition and require different treatment strategies. Wastewater management and treatment is an expensive process; hence, it is important to integrate relevant technology into this process to make it more feasible and cost-effective. Wastewater treatment using microalgae-based technology could be a global solution for resource recovery from wastewater and to provide affordable feedstock for bioenergy (biodiesel, biohydrogen, bio-alcohol, methane, and bioelectricity) production. Various microalgal cultivation systems (open or closed photobioreactors), turf scrubber, and hybrid systems have been developed. Although many algal biomass harvesting methods (physical, chemical, biological, and electromagnetic) have been reported, it is still an expensive process. In this review article, resource recovery from wastewater using algal cultivation, biomass harvesting, and various technologies applied in converting algal biomass into bioenergy, along with the various challenges that are encountered are discussed in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjeet Mehariya
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Real Casa dell'Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India
| | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - A E Atabani
- Alternative Fuels Research Laboratory (AFRL), Energy Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus 4036 Stavanger, Norway; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Oh Seo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Choudhary P, Assemany PP, Naaz F, Bhattacharya A, Castro JDS, Couto EDADC, Calijuri ML, Pant KK, Malik A. A review of biochemical and thermochemical energy conversion routes of wastewater grown algal biomass. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:137961. [PMID: 32334349 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are recognized as a potential source of biomass for obtaining bioenergy. However, the lack of studies towards economic viability and environmental sustainability of the entire production chain limits its large-scale application. The use of wastewaters economizes natural resources used for algal biomass cultivation. However, desirable biomass characteristics for a good fuel may be impaired when wastewaters are used, namely low lipid content and high ash and protein contents. Thus, the choice of wastewaters with more favorable characteristics may be one way of obtaining a more balanced macromolecular composition of the algal biomass and therefore, a more suitable feedstock for the desired energetic route. The exploration of biorefinery concept and the use of wastewaters as culture medium are considered as the main strategic tools in the search of this viability. Considering the economics of overall process, direct utilization of wet biomass using hydrothermal liquefaction or hydrothermal carbonization and anaerobic digestion is recommended. Among the explored routes, anaerobic digestion is the most studied process. However, some main challenges remain as little explored, such as a low energy pretreatment and suitable and large-scale reactors for algal biomass digestion. On the other hand, thermochemical conversion routes offer better valorization of the algal biomass but have higher costs. A biorefinery combining anaerobic digestion, hydrothermal carbonization and hydrothermal liquefaction processes would provide the maximum possible output from the biomass depending on its characteristics. Therefore, the choice must be made in an integrated way, aiming at optimizing the quality of the final product to be obtained. Life cycle assessment studies are critical for scaling up of any algal biomass valorization technique for sustainability. Although there are limitations, suitable integrations of these processes would enable to make an economically feasible process which require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Choudhary
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, IIT Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Paula Peixoto Assemany
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa/Civil Engineering Department, Avenida PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Farah Naaz
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, IIT Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Arghya Bhattacharya
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, IIT Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Jackeline de Siqueira Castro
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa/Civil Engineering Department, Avenida PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo de Aguiar do Couto Couto
- Universidade Federal de Itajubá/Itabira campus, Instituto de Ciências Puras e Aplicadas, Rua Irmã Ivone Drummond, 200, 35903-087 Itabira, MG, Brazil.
| | - Maria Lúcia Calijuri
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa/Civil Engineering Department, Avenida PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Kamal Kishore Pant
- Catalytic Reaction Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Anushree Malik
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, IIT Delhi, 110016, India.
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12
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An assessment of heterotrophy and mixotrophy in Scenedesmus and its utilization in wastewater treatment. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Usami R, Fujii K, Fushimi C. Improvement of Bio-Oil and Nitrogen Recovery from Microalgae Using Two-Stage Hydrothermal Liquefaction with Solid Carbon and HCl Acid Catalysis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6684-6696. [PMID: 32258904 PMCID: PMC7114750 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bio-oil production from microalgae by using hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) has been conducted extensively in the last decade. In this work, we conducted two-stage HTL of a microalga (Fistulifera solaris, JPCC DA0580) in the presence of 5.0 g/L carbon solid acid or a 0.02-0.50 M HCl catalyst to increase bio-oil yield and nitrogen recovery into the aqueous phase (AP). The first stage (HTL 1), to hydrolyze proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids and elute nitrogen components into the AP, was conducted at 100-250 °C for 30-120 min. The second stage (HTL 2), to produce the bio-oil, was conducted at 280-320 °C for 0-30 min. The best conditions to obtain a high bio-oil yield and NH4 + recovery in the AP were 200 °C and 30 min of residence time for HTL 1 and 320 °C and 0 min residence time for HTL 2. We found that 0.50 M HCl decreased the bio-oil yield while greatly increasing NH4 + in the AP and decreasing the nitrogen content in the bio-oil. This was probably due to the catalytic effect of HCl promoting hydrolysis of protein and deamination of amino acids during HTL 1. The fractions of water-soluble products were greatly increased by performing HTL 2 in neutral conditions while this maintained low nitrogen content in the bio-oil. From GC-MS analyses of the bio-oil, it was observed that, by using 0.50 M HCl, peak intensities of all the GC peaks decreased and MS spectra of amines decreased. The carbon solid acid had an insignificant influence on bio-oil and NH4 + yields.
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Yu J, Lee IB, Han J, Ahn Y. Stochastic Approach to Optimize the Supply Chain Network of Microalga-Derived Biodiesel under Uncertain Diesel Demand. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.19we110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiah Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH
| | | | - Jeehoon Han
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University
| | - Yuchan Ahn
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University
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15
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Carbon speciation and flocculation in Neochloris oleoabundans cultures using anaerobically digested stillage. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2582-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Shchegolkova N, Shurshin K, Pogosyan S, Voronova E, Matorin D, Karyakin D. Microalgae cultivation for wastewater treatment and biogas production at Moscow wastewater treatment plant. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:69-80. [PMID: 30101790 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The process of cultivation of microalgae on purified and clarified wastewater of Kuryanovo wastewater treatment plants (KWWTP) was studied. The studies were conducted on monoculture (Scenedesmus quadricauda and Chlorella sorokiniana) and on polyculture, the composition of which was formed from microalgae present in the wastewater. The authors created and investigated the columnar photobioreactor (PBR), which acted as a pilot project on the purified and clarified water of KWWTP and allowed the removal of total nitrogen and phosphorus phosphates with an efficiency of up to 90%. The formation of a stable biocenosis from 22 species of algae (with 3-4 dominant species) and 31 species of zooplankton organisms belonging to six systematic subdivisions was recorded. The optimal retention time of the microalgae polyculture for the most effective wastewater treatment has been determined. The conducted studies have shown that the depth of decomposition of ashless matter and the ultimate biogas potential of untreated microalgae biomass is 15% lower than the corresponding values obtained with digestion of activated sludge, which necessitates studies in the field of pretreatment of algal biomass. The paper shows: connections between chlorophyll-a content, algal biomass and fluorescence index F0 and between biomass increment and Fv/Fm value.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shchegolkova
- Institute of Water Problems RAS, Gubkin Street, 3, 119333 Moscow, Russia E-mail: ; Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Leninsky Gory, GSP-2, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - K Shurshin
- ERM Eurasia Limited, Trehprudny Per., 11/13 build. 3, 121001 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Pogosyan
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, GSP-2, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E Voronova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, GSP-2, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Matorin
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, GSP-2, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Karyakin
- Institute of Water Problems RAS, Gubkin Street, 3, 119333 Moscow, Russia E-mail:
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Pleissner D, Rumpold BA. Utilization of organic residues using heterotrophic microalgae and insects. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 72:227-239. [PMID: 29150257 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Various organic residues occur globally in the form of straw, wood, green biomass, food waste, feces, manure etc. Other utilization strategies apart from anaerobic digestion, composting and incineration are needed to make use of the whole potential of organic residues as sources of various value added compounds. This review compares the cultivation of heterotrophic microalgae and insects using organic residues as nutrient sources and illuminates their potential with regard to biomass production, productivity and yield, and utilization strategies of produced biomasses. Furthermore, cultivation processes as well as advantages and disadvantages of utilization processes are identified and discussed. It was shown that both heterotrophic algae and insects are able to reduce a sufficient amount of organic residues by converting it into biomass. The biomass composition of both organisms is similar which allows similar utilization strategies in food and feed, chemicals and materials productions. Even though insect is the more complex organism, biomass production can be carried out using simple equipment without sterilization and hydrolysis of organic residues. Contrarily, heterotrophic microalgae require a pretreatment of organic residues in form of sterilization and in most cases hydrolysis. Interestingly, the volumetric productivity of insect biomass exceeds the productivity of algal biomass. Despite legal restrictions, it is expected that microalgae and insects will find application as alternative food and feed sources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pleissner
- Sustainable Chemistry (Resource Efficiency), Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, C13, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
| | - Birgit A Rumpold
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Research Program Quality and Safety of Food and Feed, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Vocational Education and Work Studies, Department of Education of Sustainable Nutrition and Food Science, Marchstr. 23, 10587 Berlin, Germany
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18
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Shi W, Zhu L, Chen Q, Lu J, Pan G, Hu L, Yi Q. Synergy of flocculation and flotation for microalgae harvesting using aluminium electrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 233:127-133. [PMID: 28260663 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are often used as feedstock for renewable biofuel production and as pollutant up-takers for wastewater treatment; however, biomass harvesting still remains a challenge in field applications. In this study, electro-flocculation using aluminium electrolysis was tested as a method to collect Chlorella vulgaris. The electrolysis products were positively charged over a wide pH range below 9.5, which gave them a flocculation potential for negatively charged microalgae. As flocculants were in-situ generated and gradually released, microalgae flocs formed in a snowballing mode, resulting in the compaction of large flocs. When higher current density was applied, microalgae could be harvested more rapidly, although there was a trade-off between a higher energy use and more residual aluminium in the culture medium. Benefits of this flocculation method are twofold: the phosphate decrease in post-harvesting could improve nutrient removal in microalgae based wastewater treatment, while the ammonium increase may favor microalgae recovery for medium recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Shi
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulics Research Institute, Guangzhoulu 223, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- NIGLAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijingdonglu 73, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulics Research Institute, Guangzhoulu 223, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Ji Lu
- Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Co., Ltd., Shijichengzhonglu 1, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Gang Pan
- RCEES, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqinglu 18, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Liuming Hu
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulics Research Institute, Guangzhoulu 223, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qitao Yi
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulics Research Institute, Guangzhoulu 223, Nanjing 210029, China
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