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Zaki M, Rowles LS, Adjeroh DA, Orner KD. A Critical Review of Data Science Applications in Resource Recovery and Carbon Capture from Organic Waste. ACS ES&T ENGINEERING 2023; 3:1424-1467. [PMID: 37854077 PMCID: PMC10580293 DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.3c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Municipal and agricultural organic waste can be treated to recover energy, nutrients, and carbon through resource recovery and carbon capture (RRCC) technologies such as anaerobic digestion, struvite precipitation, and pyrolysis. Data science could benefit such technologies by improving their efficiency through data-driven process modeling along with reducing environmental and economic burdens via life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic analysis (TEA), respectively. We critically reviewed 616 peer-reviewed articles on the use of data science in RRCC published during 2002-2022. Although applications of machine learning (ML) methods have drastically increased over time for modeling RRCC technologies, the reviewed studies exhibited significant knowledge gaps at various model development stages. In terms of sustainability, an increasing number of studies included LCA with TEA to quantify both environmental and economic impacts of RRCC. Integration of ML methods with LCA and TEA has the potential to cost-effectively investigate the trade-off between efficiency and sustainability of RRCC, although the literature lacked such integration of techniques. Therefore, we propose an integrated data science framework to inform efficient and sustainable RRCC from organic waste based on the review. Overall, the findings from this review can inform practitioners about the effective utilization of various data science methods for real-world implementation of RRCC technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed
T. Zaki
- Wadsworth
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Lewis S. Rowles
- Department
of Civil Engineering and Construction, Georgia
Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia 30458, United States
| | - Donald A. Adjeroh
- Lane
Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Kevin D. Orner
- Wadsworth
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
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2
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Methane Production Potential from Apple Pomace, Cabbage Leaves, Pumpkin Residue and Walnut Husks. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12126128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular economy aims to eliminate organic waste through its transformation, composting and processing into other products or energy. The main aim of the study was to determine the specific methane yield (SMY) of anaerobic digestion (AD) of four different fruit and vegetable residues (FVR). In addition, the reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions was calculated based on the assumption that maize will be replaced by the FVR as a feedstock for biogas production. The SMY of four residues (apple pomace, cabbage leaves, pumpkin peels and fibrous strands and walnut husks) was measured in the biomethane potential test (BMP) in wet anaerobic digestion technology. The highest SMY (297.81 ± 0.65 NL kgVS−1) was observed for cabbage leaves while the lowest SMY (131.07 ± 1.30 kgVS−1) was found for walnut husks. The concentrations of two inhibitory gasses (NH3 and H2S) in biogas were low and did not affect the AD process. Only biogas produced from cabbage leaves was characterised by higher NH3 and H2S concentrations resulting from the highest protein concentration in this waste. FVR used as feedstock in biogas production may decrease the area of maize cultivation. Therefore, the GHG emissions from maize cultivation will be reduced. In Poland only, the use of four studied FVR as feedstock for biogas production would contribute to the reduction of GHG emissions by 43,682 t CO2 eq.
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Thanarasu A, Periyasamy K, Subramanian S. An integrated anaerobic digestion and microbial electrolysis system for the enhancement of methane production from organic waste: Fundamentals, innovative design and scale-up deliberation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:131886. [PMID: 34523450 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the foreseeable future, renewable energy generation from electromethanogenesis to be more cost-effective energy. Electromethanogenesis system is a recent and efficient CO2 to methane technology to upgrade biogas to 100% methane for power generation. And this can be attained through by integrating anaerobic digestion with microbial electrolysis system. Microbial electrolysis system can able to support carbon reduction on cathode and oxidation on anode by CO2 capture thereby provides more CH4 production from an integrated anaerobic digestion system. Scale-up the recent advance technique of microbial electrolysis system in the anaerobic digestion process for 100% methane production for power generation is need of the hour. The overall objective of this review is to facilitate the recent technology of microbial electrolysis system in the anaerobic digestion process. At first, the function of electromethanogenesis system and innovative integrated design method are outlined. Secondly, different external parameters such as applied voltage, operating temperature, pH etc are examined for the significance on process optimization. Eventually, electrode selections, electrode spacing, surface chemistry and surface area are critically reviewed for the scale-up considerations of integration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amudha Thanarasu
- Department of Applied Science & Technology, AC Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - Karthik Periyasamy
- Department of Applied Science & Technology, AC Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - Sivanesan Subramanian
- Department of Applied Science & Technology, AC Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai, India.
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4
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Dahunsi SO, Ogunwole JO, Owoseni AA, Olutona GO, Nejo YT, Atobatele OE. Valorization of pineapple peel and poultry manure for clean energy generation. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O. Dahunsi
- Microbiology Programme College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science Bowen University Iwo, Osun State Nigeria
| | - Joshua O. Ogunwole
- Agriculture Programme College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science Bowen University Iwo, Osun State Nigeria
| | - Abimbola A. Owoseni
- Microbiology Programme College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science Bowen University Iwo, Osun State Nigeria
| | - Godwin O. Olutona
- Industrial Chemistry Programme College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science Bowen University Iwo, Osun State Nigeria
| | - Yewande T. Nejo
- Microbiology Programme College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science Bowen University Iwo, Osun State Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin E. Atobatele
- Pure and Applied Biology Programme College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science Bowen University Iwo, Osun State Nigeria
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Dahunsi SO, Oranusi S, Efeovbokhan VE, Adesulu-Dahunsi AT, Ogunwole JO. Crop performance and soil fertility improvement using organic fertilizer produced from valorization of Carica papaya fruit peel. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4696. [PMID: 33633336 PMCID: PMC7907234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, research attention is focusing on harnessing agricultural wastes for the production of value-added products. In this study, the valorization of Carica papaya (Pawpaw) fruit peels was evaluated for the production of quality organic fertilizer via anaerobic digestion (AD) while the effects of the fertilizer on maize crop were also assessed. Pawpaw peel was first pretreated by thermo-alkaline methods before AD and analyses were carried out using standard methods. The resulting digestate was rich in nutrients and was dewatered to form solid organic fertilizer rich in microbes and soil nutrients. When applied to maize plants, organic fertilizer showed a better effect on plant traits than NPK 15–15–15 fertilizer and without fertilizer application. These were more pronounced at mid to high organic fertilizer applications (30-to-60-kg nitrogen/hectare (kg N/ha)) rate. Comparison between the values obtained from the field experiments reveals that the organic fertilizer showed better performance in all parameters such as the number of leaves, leaf area, plant height, stem girth, total shoot, and root biomass, and length of the root. However, the chemical fertilizer outperformed all the organic fertilizer applied rates in the average highest size of the corn ear by 1.4%. After harvesting, nutrient elements were found to have bioaccumulated in plant organs (leaves, stem, and root) with the highest values being 29.7 mg/L for nitrogen in the leaf and this value was reported from the experiment with 50 kg N/ha. For phosphorus and potassium, the highest concentrations of 7.05 and 8.4 mg/L were recorded in the plant’ stem of the experiment with 50 kg N/ha. All the treated soils recorded an increase in values of all nutrient elements over the control with the highest values recorded in the experiment with 60 kg N/ha. In soil with 60 kg N/ha, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium increased by 28, 40, and 22% respectively over the chemical fertilizer applied experiment while different levels of increases were also recorded for all other macro and microelements in all the experiments. Thus, agricultural practices by using anaerobic digestates as organic fertilizers is a sustainable method to overcome the dependence on inorganic fertilizers high rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Dahunsi
- Microbiology Programme, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - S Oranusi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - V E Efeovbokhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - A T Adesulu-Dahunsi
- Food Science and Technology Programme, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - J O Ogunwole
- Agriculture Programme, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria
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6
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Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is an efficient technology for a sustainable conversion of various organic wastes such as animal manure, municipal solid waste, agricultural residues and industrial waste into biogas. This technology offers a unique set of benefits, some of which include a good waste management technique, enhancement in the ecology of rural areas, improvement in health through a decrease of pathogens and optimization of the energy consumption of communities. The biogas produced through anaerobic digestion varies in composition, but it consists mainly of carbon dioxide methane together with a low quantity of trace gases. The variation in biogas composition are dependent on some factors namely the substrate type being digested, pH, operating temperature, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time and digester design. However, the type of substrate used is of greater interest due to the direct dependency of microorganism activities on the nutritional composition of the substrate. Therefore, the aim of this review study is to provide a detailed analysis of the various types of organic wastes that have been used as a substrate for the sustainable production of biogas. Biogas formation from various substrates reported in the literature were investigated, an analysis and characterization of these substrates provided the pro and cons associated with each substrate. The findings obtained showed that the methane yield for all animal manure varied from 157 to 500 mL/gVS with goat and pig manure superseding the other animal manure whereas lignocellulose biomass varied from 160 to 212 mL/gVS. In addition, organic municipal solid waste and industrial waste showed methane yield in the ranges of 143–516 mL/gVS and 25–429 mL/gVS respectively. These variations in methane yield are primarily attributed to the nutritional composition of the various substrates.
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7
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Oladejo OS, Dahunsi SO, Adesulu-Dahunsi AT, Ojo SO, Lawal AI, Idowu EO, Olanipekun AA, Ibikunle RA, Osueke CO, Ajayi OE, Osueke N, Evbuomwan I. Energy generation from anaerobic co-digestion of food waste, cow dung and piggery dung. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123694. [PMID: 32563793 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated bioenergy generation from anaerobic co-digestion of food wastes (FW), cow dung (CD) and piggery dung (PD). The physicochemical parameters of the substrates were determined before and after digestion following standard procedures after mechanical pretreatment. Throughout the study, pH remained slightly alkaline while temperature varied between 26 and 32 °C. The highest cumulative biogas yield of 0.0488 L was recorded from the digestion of FW + CD + PD on the ninth day. After analyses, the highest methane content of 64.6 was obtained from the digestion of FW + PD while the lowest (54.0%) was from the digestion of FW only. Overall, cumulative biogas production for the four digestion regimes followed the order: FW + CD + PD, FW + PD, FW + CD and FW only respectively. Accumulation of VFAs was recorded at a slow rate during the digestions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladipupo S Oladejo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Samuel O Dahunsi
- Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | | | - Samuel O Ojo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Eunice O Idowu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Adewoye A Olanipekun
- Department of Civil Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Ngozi Osueke
- Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
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8
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Dahunsi SO, Osueke CO, Olayanju TMA, Lawal AI. Co-digestion of Theobroma cacao (Cocoa) pod husk and poultry manure for energy generation: Effects of pretreatment methods. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 283:229-241. [PMID: 30913431 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, biogas was produced from the anaerobic co-digestion of Cocoa pod husk (CPH) and poultry manure. Pretreatment of the CPH was carried out using sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The physicochemical, elemental and structural analyses were carried out on the CPH before and after pretreatment. The microbial composition of the fermenting materials were also determined using standard method while the Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify the structural changes that took place after pretreatments. Use of alkaline hydrogen peroxide caused high solubilization of the lignin component of the CPH and reduced up to 81% of lignin i.e. initial value of 21.7% m.m-1 to final value of 4.2% m.m-1. Similarly, the alkali reduced the hemicellulose content of the CPH from 27.0% m.m-1 to 8.5% m.m-1. Overall, there was 68% increase in biogas volume from the alkaline pretreated CPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Dahunsi
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - C O Osueke
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Landmark University, Nigeria
| | - T M A Olayanju
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Landmark University, Nigeria
| | - A I Lawal
- Department of Accounting and Finance, Landmark University, Nigeria
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9
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Dahunsi SO, Olayanju A, Izebere JO, Oluyori AP. Data on energy and economic evaluation and microbial assessment of anaerobic co-digestion of fruit rind of Telfairia occidentalis (Fluted pumpkin) and poultry manure. Data Brief 2018; 21:97-104. [PMID: 30338282 PMCID: PMC6186960 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The data described in this article was obtained in an experiment designed for the generation of biogas from the anaerobic co-digestion of Telfairia occidentalis (Fluted pumpkin) fruit rind and poultry manure both of which currently constitute an environmental nuisance in the localities where they are found. The data presented in this article is on the use of combined heat and power (CHP) system to assess the energy and economic feasibility of applying thermo-alkali pretreatment procedures to one of the substrates (Fluted pumpkin) prior to anaerobic digestion. Also, the microbial characterization and succession pattern of important microbes during the anaerobic digestion process was evaluated and the data reported in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Dahunsi
- Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Biomass and Bioenergy Group, Environment and Technology Research Cluster, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - A Olayanju
- Biomass and Bioenergy Group, Environment and Technology Research Cluster, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria.,Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - J O Izebere
- Biomass and Bioenergy Group, Environment and Technology Research Cluster, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - A P Oluyori
- Physical Sciences Department, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
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Fermoso FG, Serrano A, Alonso-Fariñas B, Fernández-Bolaños J, Borja R, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez G. Valuable Compound Extraction, Anaerobic Digestion, and Composting: A Leading Biorefinery Approach for Agricultural Wastes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8451-8468. [PMID: 30010339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In a society where the environmental conscience is gaining attention, it is necessary to evaluate the potential valorization options for agricultural biomass to create a change in the perception of the waste agricultural biomass from waste to resource. In that sense, the biorefinery approach has been proposed as the roadway to increase profit of the agricultural sector and, at the same time, ensure environmental sustainability. The biorefinery approach integrates biomass conversion processes to produce fuels, power, and chemicals from biomass. The present review is focused on the extraction of value-added compounds, anaerobic digestion, and composting of agricultural waste as the biorefinery approach. This biorefinery approach is, nevertheless, seen as a less innovative configuration compared to other biorefinery configurations, such as bioethanol production or white biotechnology. However, any of these processes has been widely proposed as a single operation unit for agricultural waste valorization, and a thoughtful review on possible single or joint application has not been available in the literature up to now. The aim is to review the previous and current literature about the potential valorization of agricultural waste biomass, focusing on valuable compound extraction, anaerobic digestion, and composting of agricultural waste, whether they are not, partially, or fully integrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando G Fermoso
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
- School of Civil Engineering , The University of Queensland , Advanced Engineering Building 49, St Lucia , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Higher Technical School of Engineering , University of Seville , Camino de los Descubrimientos, s/n , 41092 Seville , Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Bolaños
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
| | - Rafael Borja
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
| | - Guillermo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Grasa , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Carretera de Utrera, km. 1 , 41013 Seville , Spain
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Dahunsi SO, Oranusi S, Efeovbokhan VE. Pretreatment optimization, process control, mass and energy balances and economics of anaerobic co-digestion of Arachis hypogaea (Peanut) hull and poultry manure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:454-464. [PMID: 28599224 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The study explored biogas production from the co-digestion of Arachis hypogaea hull and poultry droppings. Mechanical and thermo-alkaline pretreatments were applied to a sample of the mixture. Another sample was treated mechanically but without thermo-alkaline methods. Optimization was done using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The optimal values for each of the five major parameters optimized are Temperature of 32.00°C, pH of 7.62, Retention time of 30.00 day, Total solids of 12.00g/kg and Volatile solids of 10.00g/kg and the predicted biogas yield for RSM was 3903.1510-3m3/kg TSfed and 3338.310-3m3/kg TSfed for ANNs in the thermo-alkaline pretreated experiment. Gas chromatography show the CH4 and CO2 content of biogas generated to be 65.5±1.5%; 26±1% and 53±1%; 26±2% respectively. The co-digestion of peanut hull with poultry droppings and other energy-yielding substrates is further encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Dahunsi
- Biomass and Bioenergy Group, Environment and Technology Research Cluster, Landmark University, Nigeria; Biological Sciences Department, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - S Oranusi
- Biological Sciences Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria.
| | - V E Efeovbokhan
- Chemical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
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Dahunsi SO, Oranusi S, Owolabi JB, Efeovbokhan VE. Synergy of Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) and poultry manure for energy generation: Effects of pretreatment methods, modeling and process optimization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 225:409-417. [PMID: 27956328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The co-digestion of Chromolaena odorata with poultry manure was evaluated in this study. Two samples of the weed: (A: which was pre-treated with mechanical, chemical and thermal methods) and (B: which was pretreated using mechanical and chemical methods only) were separately digested with poultry manure. Biogas generation started from the 2nd to 4th and 4th to 7th day for samples 'A' and 'B' respectively. The most desired actual biogas yield from samples 'A' and 'B' were 3884.20 and 2544.70 (10-4m3/kg VS) respectively and the gas composition was 68±2% Methane and 20±2% Carbon dioxide for sample A while it was 62±3% Methane and 22±2% Carbon dioxide for sample B. In all, there was a 38.06% increase in gas generation in 'A' over 'B'. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model (0.9009) was high suggesting high accuracy in the modeling and prediction. The worldwide usage of C. odorata is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Dahunsi
- Biological Sciences Department, Landmark University, Nigeria
| | - S Oranusi
- Biological Sciences Department, Covenant University, Nigeria.
| | - J B Owolabi
- All Saints University College of Medicine, Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
| | - V E Efeovbokhan
- Chemical Engineering Department, Covenant University, Nigeria
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