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Sun W, Hu C, Wu J, Wei M, Lin JG, Hong Y. Efficient nitrogen removal via simultaneous ammonium assimilation and heterotrophic denitrification of Paracoccus denitrificans R-1. iScience 2024; 27:110599. [PMID: 39220262 PMCID: PMC11365388 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Although diverse microorganisms can remove ammonium and nitrate simultaneously, their metabolic mechanisms are not well understood. Paracoccus denitrificans R-1 showed the maximal NH4 + removal rate 9.94 mg L-1·h-1 and 2.91 mg L-1·h-1 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. Analysis of the nitrogen balance calculation and isotope tracing experiment indicated that NH4 + was consumed through assimilation. The maximal NO3 - removal rate of strain R-1 was 18.05 and 19.76 mg L-1·h-1 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. The stoichiometric consumption ratio of acetate to nitrate was 0.902 and NO3 - was reduced to N2 for strain R-1 through 15NO3 - isotopic tracing experiment, which indicated a respiratory process coupled with the oxidation of electron donors. Genomic analysis showed that strain R-1 contained genes for ammonium assimilation and denitrification, which effectively promoted each other. These findings provide insights into microbial nitrogen transformation and facilitate the simultaneous removal of NH4 + and NO3 - in a single reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Agricultural Production and Intelligent Equipment, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, P.R. China
| | - Chunchen Hu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jiapeng Wu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Mingken Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Agricultural Production and Intelligent Equipment, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, P.R. China
| | - Jih-Gaw Lin
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yiguo Hong
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
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2
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Zhang G, Li W, Wang S, Li D, Zhang D, Lv L. Evaluation of various carbon sources on ammonium assimilation and denitrifying phosphorus removal in a modified anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process from low-strength wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171890. [PMID: 38521280 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
A pilot-scale continuous-flow modified anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (MAAO) process examined the impact of external carbon sources (acetate, glucose, acetate/propionate) on ammonium assimilation, denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR), and microbial community. Acetate exhibited superior efficacy in promoting the combined process of ammonia assimilation and DPR, enhancing both to 50.0 % and 60.0 %, respectively. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota facilitated ammonium assimilation, while denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating organisms (DPAOs) played a key role in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal. Denitrifying glycogen-accumulating organisms (DGAOs) aided N removal in the anoxic zone, ensuring stable N and P removal and recovery. Acetate/propionate significantly enhanced DPR (77.7 %) and endogenous denitrification (37.9 %). Glucose favored heterotrophic denitrification (29.6 %) but had minimal impact on ammonium assimilation. These findings provide valuable insights for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) seeking efficient N and P removal and recovery from low-strength wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Zhang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Shuncai Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Donghui Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Duoying Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Longyi Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
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3
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Shao W, Qian Y, Zhai X, Xu L, Guo H, Zhang M, Qiao W. Mechanisms of nanoscale zero-valent iron mediating aerobic denitrification in Pseudomonas stutzeri by promoting electron transfer and gene expression. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130202. [PMID: 38092073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic denitrification and its mechanism by P. stutzeri was investigated in the presence of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI). The removal of nitrate and ammonia was accelerated and the nitrite nitrogen accumulation was reduced by nZVI. The particle size and dosage of nZVI were key factors for enhancing aerobic denitrification. nZVI reduced the negative effects of low carbon/nitrogen, heavy metals, surfactants and salts to aerobic denitrification. nZVI and its dissolved irons were adsorbed into the bacteria cells, enhancing the transfer of electrons from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to nitrate reductase. Moreover, the activities of NADH-ubiquinone reductase involved in the respiratory system, and the denitrifying enzymes were increased. The expression of denitrifying enzyme genes napA and nirS, as well as the iron metabolism gene fur, were promoted in the presence of nZVI. This work provides a strategy for enhancing the biological denitrification of wastewater using the bio-stimulation of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Shao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yi Qian
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lijie Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - He Guo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weichuan Qiao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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4
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Sun YL, Wang JY, Ngo HH, Wei W, Guo W, Zhang XN, Cheng HY, Yang JX, Wang AJ. Inducement mechanism and control of self-acidification in elemental sulfur fluidizing bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130081. [PMID: 37993067 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The sulfur fluidizing bioreactor (S0FB) has significant superiorities in treating nitrate-rich wastewater. However, substantial self-acidification has been observed in engineering applications, resulting in frequent start-up failures. In this study, self-acidification was reproduced in a lab-scale S0FB. It was demonstrated that self-acidification was mainly induced by sulfur disproportionation process, accounting for 93.4 % of proton generation. Supplying sufficient alkalinity to both the influent (3000 mg/L) and the bulk (2000 mg/L) of S0FB was essential for achieving a successful start-up. Furthermore, the S0FB reached 10.3 kg-N/m3/d of nitrogen removal rate and 0.13 kg-PO43-/m3/d of phosphate removal rate, respectively, surpassing those of the documented sulfur packing bioreactors by 7-129 times and 26-65 times. This study offers a feasible and practical method to avoid self-acidification during restart of S0FB and highlights the considerable potential of S0FB in the treatment of nitrate-rich wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jia-Yu Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Wei Wei
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Xue-Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Hao-Yi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ji-Xian Yang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China
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5
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Chen J, Shen L, Li Y, Cao H, Chen C, Zhang G, Xu Z, Lu Y. Insights into the nitrogen transformation mechanism of Pseudomonas sp. Y15 capable of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117595. [PMID: 37926232 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nitrogen (N) discharged in water is a major cause of eutrophication and other severe environmental issues. Biological N removal via heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) has drawn particular attention, owing to the merit of concurrent nitrification and denitrification inside one cell. However, the mechanisms underlying N transformation during HN-AD remain unclear. In the present study, the HN-AD strain Pseudomonas sp. Y15 (Y15) was isolated to explore the N distribution and flow, based on stoichiometry and energetics. The total N removal efficiency by Y15 increased linearly with C/N ratio (in the range of 5-15) to ∼96.8%. Of this, ∼32.2% and ∼64.6% were transformed into gas-N and biomass-N, respectively. A new intracellular N metabolic bypass (NO → NO2) was found, to address the substantial gaseous N production during HN-AD. Concering energetics, the large portion of the biomass-N is ascribed to the synthesis of the amino acids that consume low energy. Finally, two novel stoichiometric equations for different N sources were proposed, to describe the overall HN-AD process. This study deepens the fundamental knowledge on HN-AD bacteria and enlightens their use in treating N-contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Liang Shen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China.
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Haipeng Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Cuixue Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Zehai Xu
- Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Yinghua Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China.
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6
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Zhang M, Jiao T, Chen S, Zhou W. A review of microbial nitrogen transformations and microbiome engineering for biological nitrogen removal under salinity stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:139949. [PMID: 37648161 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The osmotic stress caused by salinity exerts severe inhibition on the process of biological nitrogen removal (BNR), leading to the deterioration of biosystems and the discharge of nitrogen with saline wastewater. Feasible strategies to solve the bottleneck in saline wastewater treatment have attracted great attention, but relevant studies to improve nitrogen transformations and enhance the salt-tolerance of biosystems in terms of microbiome engineering have not been systematically reviewed and discussed. This work attempted to provide a more comprehensive explanation of both BNR and microbiome engineering approaches for saline wastewater treatment. The effect of salinity on conventional BNR pathways, nitrification-denitrification and anammox, was summarized at cellular and metabolic levels, including the nitrogen metabolic pathways, the functional microorganisms, and the inhibition threshold of salinity. Promising nitrogen transformations, such as heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification, ammonium assimilation and the coupling of conventional pathways, were introduced and compared based on advantages and challenges in detail. Strategies to improve the salt tolerance of biosystems were proposed and evaluated from the perspective of microbiome engineering. Finally, prospects of future investigation and applications on halophilic microbiomes in saline wastewater treatment were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, 250061 Jinan, China; Laboratory of Water-Sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, 250061, Jinan, China
| | - Tong Jiao
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, 250061 Jinan, China; Laboratory of Water-Sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, 250061, Jinan, China
| | - Shigeng Chen
- Shandong Nongda Fertilizer Sci.&Tech. Co., Ltd., Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Weizhi Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, 250061 Jinan, China; Laboratory of Water-Sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, 250061, Jinan, China.
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7
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Xie Y, Tian X, He Y, Dong S, Zhao K. Nitrogen removal capability and mechanism of a novel heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterium Halomonas sp. DN3. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129569. [PMID: 37517711 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the functional microorganisms capable of eliminating nitrogenous waste have been applied in mariculture systems. As a potential candidate for treating mariculture wastewater, strain DN3 eliminated 100% of ammonia and nitrate and 96.61%-100% of nitrite within 72 h, when single nitrogen sources at concentrations of 0-50 mg/L. Strain DN3 also exhibited the efficient removal performance of mixed-form nitrogen (ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite) at salinity 30 ‰, C/N ratio 20, and 180 rpm. The nitrogen assimilation pathway dominated inorganic nitrogen metabolism, with less nitrogen (14.23%-25.02% of TN) lost into the air via nitrification and denitrification, based on nitrogen balance analysis. Moreover, the bacterial nitrification pathway was explored by enzymatic assays and inhibition assays. These complex nitrogen assimilation and dissimilation processes were further revealed by bacterial genome analysis. These results provide important insight into nitrogen metabolism of Halomonas sp. and theoretical support for treating mariculture wastewater with strain DN3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Xiangli Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266000, PR China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, PR China.
| | - Yu He
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Shuanglin Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266000, PR China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Kun Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266000, PR China
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8
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Zhang Y, Li J, Pang Y, Shu Y, Liu S, Sang P, Sun X, Liu J, Yang Y, Chen M, Hong P. Systematic investigation of simultaneous copper biosorption and nitrogen removal from wastewater by an aerobic denitrifying bacterium of auto-aggregation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116602. [PMID: 37429397 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Finding effective methods for simultaneous removal of eutrophic nutrients and heavy metals has attracted increasing concerns for the environmental remediation. Herein, a novel auto-aggregating aerobic denitrifying strain (Aeromonas veronii YL-41) was isolated with capacities for copper tolerance and biosorption. The denitrification efficiency and nitrogen removal pathway of the strain were investigated by nitrogen balance analysis and amplification of key denitrification functional genes. Moreover, the changes in the auto-aggregation properties of the strain caused by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production were focused on. The biosorption capacity and mechanisms of copper tolerance during denitrification were further explored by measuring changes in copper tolerance and adsorption indices, as well as by variations in extracellular functional groups. The strain showed extremely strong total nitrogen removal ability, with 67.5%, 82.08% and 78.48% of total nitrogen removal when NH4+-N, NO2--N, and NO3--N were used as the only initial nitrogen source, respectively. The successful amplification of napA, nirK, norR, and nosZ genes further demonstrated that the strain accomplished nitrate removal through a complete aerobic denitrification pathway. The production of protein-rich EPS of up to 23.31 mg/g and an auto-aggregation index of up to 76.42% may confer a strong biofilm-forming potential to the strain. Under the stress of 20 mg/L copper ions, the removal of nitrate-nitrogen was still as high as 71.4%. In addition, the strain could achieve an efficient removal of 96.9% of copper ions at an initial concentration of 80 mg/L. Scanning electron microscopy and deconvolution analysis of characteristic peaks confirmed that the strains encapsulate heavy metals by secreting EPS and, meanwhile, form strong hydrogen bonding structures to enhance intermolecular forces to resist copper ion stress. This study provides an innovative and effective biological approach for the synergistic bioaugmentation removal of eutrophic substances and heavy metals from aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yu Pang
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yilin Shu
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Shu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Pengcheng Sang
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Jiexiu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Minglin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Pei Hong
- College of Life Sciences, School of Ecology and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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Yi M, Wang H, Ma X, Wang C, Wang M, Liu Z, Lu M, Cao J, Ke X. Efficient nitrogen removal of a novel Pseudomonas chengduensis strain BF6 mainly through assimilation in the recirculating aquaculture systems. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 379:129036. [PMID: 37037330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen removal has received increasing attention in wastewater treatment. A bacterium with excellent nitrogen removal performance was isolated from biofilters of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) and identified as Pseudomonas chengduensis BF6. It was indicated that inorganic nitrogen is transformed into gaseous and biological nitrogen by the metabolic pathways of denitrification, anammox, and assimilation, which is the main nitrogen removal pathway of strain BF6. The strain BF6 could effectively remove nitrogen within 24 h under the conditions of ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, and mixed nitrogen sources with maximum total nitrogen removal efficiencies reaching 97.00 %, 61.40 %, 79.10 %, and 84.98 %, respectively. The strain BF6 exhibited total nitrogen removal efficiency of 91.14 %, altered the microbial diversity and enhanced the relative abundance of Pseudomonas in the RAS biofilter. These findings demonstrate that Pseudomonas sp. BF6 is a highly efficient nitrogen-removing bacterium with great potential for application in aquaculture wastewater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Yi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, PR China
| | - He Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, PR China
| | - Xiaona Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, PR China; College of Bio-systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chun Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Miao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, PR China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, PR China
| | - Maixin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, PR China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, PR China
| | - Jianmeng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, PR China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Ke
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510380, PR China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, PR China.
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10
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Feng L, Sun FY, Yang J, Cui D, Li ZH, Pi S, Zhao HP, Li A. Intracellular electron competition in response to the oxygen pressure of the aerobic denitrification process in an O 2-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) for nitrate removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162592. [PMID: 36889408 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study quantitatively investigated the effect of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration on aerobic denitrification, and showed the mechanism of aerobic denitrification from the perspective of electron competition by cultivating Pseudomonas stutzeri T13, a typical aerobic denitrifier, in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor (O2-based MBfR). The experiments showed that when the O2 pressure increased from 2 to 10 psig , the average effluent DO concentration during steady-state phases increased from 0.02 to 4.23 mg/L, and the corresponding mean NO3--N removal efficiency slightly decreased from 97.2 % to 90.9 %. Compared to the maximum theoretical flux of O2 in various phases, the actual O2 transfer flux increased from a limited status (2.07 e- eq m-2 d-1 at 2 psig) to an excessive status (5.58 e- eq m-2 d-1 at 10 psig). The increase of DO inhibited the electron availability for aerobic denitrification, which decreased from 23.97 % to 11.46 %, accompanying the increased electron availability for aerobic respiration from 15.87 % to 28.36 %. Unlike the napA and norB genes, the expression of the nirS and nosZ genes was significantly affected by DO, with the highest relative fold-changes of 6.5 and 6.13 at 4 psig O2, respectively. The results contribute to clarifying the mechanism of aerobic denitrification from the quantitative perspective of electron distribution and the qualitative perspective of gene expression, which benefits the control and practical application of aerobic denitrification for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Fei-Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Cui
- Engineering Research Center for Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuo-Hua Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Shanshan Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Luo Y, Luo L, Huang X, Jiang D, Wu X, Li Z. Characterization and metabolic pathway of Pseudomonas fluorescens 2P24 for highly efficient ammonium and nitrate removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 382:129189. [PMID: 37196744 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The ammonium and nitrate removal performance and metabolic pathways of a biocontrol strain, Pseudomonas fluorescens 2P24, were investigated. Strain 2P24 could completely remove 100 mg/L ammonium and nitrate, with removal rates of 8.27 mg/L/h and 4.29 mg/L/h, respectively. During these processes, most of the ammonium and nitrate were converted to biological nitrogen via assimilation, and only small amounts of nitrous oxide escaped. The inhibitor allylthiourea had no impact on ammonium transformation, and diethyl dithiocarbamate and sodium tungstate did not inhibit nitrate removal. Intracellular nitrate and ammonium were detectable during the nitrate and ammonium transformation process, respectively. Moreover, the nitrogen metabolism functional genes (glnK, nasA, narG, nirBD, nxrAB, nirS, nirK, and norB) were identified in the strain. All results highlighted that P. fluorescens 2P24 is capable of assimilatory and dissimilatory nitrate reduction, ammonium assimilation and oxidation, and denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Luo
- Key Laboratory of (Guangxi) Agricultural Environment and Products Safety, College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Luo Luo
- Key Laboratory of (Guangxi) Agricultural Environment and Products Safety, College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xuejiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of (Guangxi) Agricultural Environment and Products Safety, College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Daihua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of (Guangxi) Agricultural Environment and Products Safety, College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- Key Laboratory of (Guangxi) Agricultural Environment and Products Safety, College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhenlun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multiscale Interfacial Process, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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12
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Tang Q, Zeng M, Zou W, Jiang W, Kahaer A, Liu S, Hong C, Ye Y, Jiang W, Kang J, Ren Y, Liu D. A new strategy to simultaneous removal and recovery of nitrogen from wastewater without N 2O emission by heterotrophic nitrogen-assimilating bacterium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162211. [PMID: 36791849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biological assimilation that recovery the nitrogen from wastewater in the form of biomass offers a more environmentally friendly solution for the limitations of the conventional wastewater treatments. This study reported the simultaneous removal and recovery of nitrogen from wastewater without N2O emission by a heterotrophic nitrogen-assimilating Acinetobacter sp. DN1 strain. Nitrogen balance, biomass qualitative analysis, genome and enzyme studies have been performed to illustrate the mechanism of nitrogen conversion by strain DN1. Results showed that the ammonium removal followed one direct pathway (GOGAT/GDH) and three indirect pathways (NH4+ → NH2OH → NO → NO2- → NH4+ → GOGAT/GDH; NH4+ → NH2OH → NO → NO2- → NO3- → NO2- → NH4+ → GOGAT/GDH; NH4+ → NH2OH → NO → NO3- → NO2- → NH4+ → GOGAT/GDH). Nitrogen balance and biomass qualitative analysis showed that over 70 % of the ammonium in the wastewater was converted into intracellular nitrogen-containing compounds and stored in the cells of strain DN1. Traditional denitrification pathway was not detected and the ammonium was removed through assimilation, which makes it more energy-saving for nitrogen recovery when compared with Haber-Bosch process. This study provides a new direction for simultaneous nitrogen removal and recovery without N2O emission by the heterotrophic nitrogen-assimilating bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Mengjie Zeng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Wuhan Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, No. 52 Optics Valley Avenue, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Wugui Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Alimu Kahaer
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Shixi Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Chol Hong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Heat Engineering Faculty, Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang 999093, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yuanyao Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jianxiong Kang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yongzheng Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Dongqi Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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13
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Thakur P, Gauba P. Identification and examination of nitrogen metabolic genes in Lelliottia amnigena PTJIIT1005 for their ability to perform nitrate remediation. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:104. [PMID: 36894890 PMCID: PMC9999607 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lelliottia amnigena PTJIIT1005 is a bacterium that utilizes nitrate as the sole nitrogen source and can remediate nitrate from media. The annotation was done related to nitrogen metabolic genes using the PATRIC, RAST tools, and PGAP from the genome sequence of this bacterium. Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis of respiratory nitrate reductase, assimilatory nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, hydroxylamine reductase, nitric oxide reductase genes from PTJIIT1005 were done to find out sequence identities with the most similar species. The identification of operon arrangement in bacteria was also identified. The PATRIC KEGG feature mapped the N-metabolic pathway to identify the chemical process, and the 3D structure of representative enzymes was also elucidated. The putative protein 3D structure was analyzed using I-TASSER software. It gave good quality protein models of all nitrogen metabolism genes and showed good sequence identity with reference templates, approximately 81-99%, except for two genes; assimilatory nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase. This study suggested that PTJIIT1005 can remove N-nitrate from water because of having N-assimilation and denitrification genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information & Technology, Noida, 201307, India
| | - Pammi Gauba
- Dean & Head of Biotechnology Department, Jaypee Institute of Information & Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201307, India.
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14
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Fu WL, Duan PF, Wang Q, Liao YX, Wang YS, Xu MJ, Jiang HH, Zhang X, Rao ZM. Transcriptomics reveals the effect of ammonia nitrogen concentration on Pseudomonas stutzeri F2 assimilation and the analysis of amtB function. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2023; 8:262-272. [PMID: 37033292 PMCID: PMC10074406 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological treatment of wastewater with high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen has become a hot research issue, but there are limited reports on the mechanism of ammonia nitrogen utilization by microorganisms. In this paper, a transcriptomic approach was used to investigate the differences in gene expression at 500.0 mg/L (Amo 500) and 100.0 mg/L (Amo 100) ammonium concentrations to reveal the mechanism of ammonia nitrogen removal from water by Pseudomonas stutzeri F2. The transcriptome data showed 1015 (459 up-regulated and 556 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes with functional gene annotation related to nitrogen source metabolism, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, energy conversion and transmembrane transport, revealing the metabolic process of ammonium nitrogen conversion to biological nitrogen in P. stutzeri F2 through assimilation. To verify the effect of ammonium transporter protein (AmtB) of cell membrane on assimilation, a P. stutzeri F2-ΔamtB mutant strain was obtained by constructing a knockout plasmid (pK18mobsacB-ΔamtB), and it was found that the growth characteristics and ammonium removal rate of the mutant strain were significantly reduced at high ammonium concentration. The carbon source components and dissolved oxygen conditions were optimized after analyzing the transcriptome data, and the ammonium removal rate was increased from 41.23% to 94.92% with 500.0 mg/L ammonium concentration. The study of P. stutzeri F2 transcript level reveals the mechanism of ammonia nitrogen influence on microbial assimilation process and improvement strategy, which provides a new strategy for the treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater.
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15
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Shi S, He X, He L, Fan X, Shu B, Zhou J, He Q. Overlooked pathways of endogenous simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic sequencing batch reactors with organic supplementation. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 230:119493. [PMID: 36634530 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (A/O/A) process is a promising biotechnology to intensify denitrification in low carbon/nitrogen (C/N) wastewater treatment, but the neglected typical rate-limiting step-nitrification-would hinder its wider application. Heterotrophic nitrification driven by intracellular carbon (PHAs) could enhance nitrification and achieve endogenous simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (ESND) in the A/O/A process, but its feasibility remains unexamined. Here we established four A/O/A-SBRs at different C/N ratios (3, 7.5, 12, and 16.5) to address the above-mentioned knowledge gaps. The results showed that organic supplementation promoted both nitrification and denitrification (performance and relevant enzymatic activities) until organic overdose (C/N = 16.5) exacerbated niche competitions from other non-functional heterotrophs. qPCR and batch tests indicated that high C/N ratios inhibited autotrophic nitrifiers, and heterotrophic nitrifiers (HNB) dominated in the enhanced nitrification. Given the high HNB contribution (43.7%) and low COD variation (< 10 mg L-1) in the SND (76.4%) of CN12, we proposed a potential SND pathway based on heterotrophic nitrification and denitrification driven by PHAs and verified it with batch tests. Microbial and functional analyses suggested that CN12 favored the intracellular carbon transformation and harbored the minimum autotrophic nitrifiers, supporting the dominance of ESND in the enhanced SND. Our findings expand the understanding of the relationships between intracellular carbon transformation and SND and provide a novel nitrogen removal pathway for the practical application of the A/O/A process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuohui Shi
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xuejie He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Lei He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Bin Shu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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16
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Fang J, Yan L, Tan M, Li G, Liang Y, Li K. Nitrogen Removal Characteristics of a Marine Denitrifying Pseudomonas stutzeri BBW831 and a Simplified Strategy for Improving the Denitrification Performance Under Stressful Conditions. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:109-122. [PMID: 36446961 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A marine aerobic denitrifying bacterium was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri BBW831 from the seabed silt of Beibu Gulf in China. According to the genome analysis, P. stutzeri BBW831 possessed a total of 14 genes (narG, narH, narI, narJ, napA, napB, nirB, nirD, nirS, norB, norC, norD, norQ, and nosZ) responsible for fully functional enzymes (nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, nitric oxide reductase, and nitrous oxide reductase) involved in the complete aerobic denitrification pathway, suggesting that it had the potential for reducing nitrate to the final N2. Denitrification results showed that P. stutzeri BBW831 exhibited efficient nitrogen removal characteristics. Within 12 h, the NO3--N removal efficiency and rate reached 94.64% and 13.09 mg·L-1·h-1 under 166.10 ± 3.75 mg/L NO3--N as the sole nitrogen source, and removal efficiency of the mixed nitrogen (50.50 ± 0.55, 62.28 ± 0.74, and 64.26 ± 0.90 mg/L of initial NH4+-N, NO3--N, and NO2--N, respectively) was nearly 100%. Furthermore, a simplified strategy, by augmenting the inoculation biomass, was developed for promoting the nitrogen removal performance under high levels of NO2--N and salinity. As a result, the removal efficiency of the initial NO2--N up to approximately 130 mg/L reached 99.46% within 8 h, and the NO3--N removal efficiency achieved at 59.46% under the NaCl concentration even up to 50 g/L. The C/N ratio of 10 with organic acid salt such as trisodium citrate and sodium acetate as the carbon source was most conducive for cell growth and nitrogen removal by P. stutzeri BBW831, respectively. In conclusion, the marine P. stutzeri BBW831 contained the functional genes responsible for a complete aerobic denitrification pathway (NO3--N → NO2--N → NO → N2O → N2), and had great potential for the practical treatment of high-salinity nitrogenous mariculture wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Fang
- College of Food Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Luqi Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Minghui Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
| | - Ganghui Li
- College of Food Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Yingyin Liang
- College of Food Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Kuntai Li
- College of Food Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
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17
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Qian Y, Shen J, Chen F, Guo Y, Qin Y, Li YY. Increasing nitrogen and organic matter removal from swine manure digestate by including pre-denitrification and recirculation in single-stage partial nitritation/anammox. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128229. [PMID: 36332864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel two-stage process comprising pre-denitrification and single-stage partial nitritation/anammox was developed to treat swine manure digestate with a constant nitrogen loading rate of 1.0 gN/L/d. As the influent NH4+-N concentration increased from 500 to 1500 mg/L, a nitrogen removal efficiency of 88 %-96 % and 5-day biochemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of 93 %-97 % were achieved. Owing to the high influent chemical oxygen demand (COD)/nitrates and nitrites (NOX) ratio of 8.2-9.2 and high COD utilization of denitrifying bacteria (DB), the NO2--N and NO3--N removal efficiencies in the denitrification reactor reached 96 %-99 % and 97 %-99 %, respectively. The contribution of anammox bacteria to nitrogen removal was 70.9 %-84.3 %, whereas that of DB was 11.7 %-18.3 %. The contributions of DB and ordinary heterotrophic organisms to COD removal were 19.5 %-49.3 % and 17.9 %-39 %, respectively. This study will help guide the anammox process in swine wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Qian
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Junhao Shen
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Fuqiang Chen
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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18
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Zou X, Gao M, Mohammed A, Liu Y. Responses of various carbon to nitrogen ratios to microbial communities, kinetics, and nitrogen metabolic pathways in aerobic granular sludge reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128225. [PMID: 36332856 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The role of different ammonia concentrations (mg N/L) (of 100 (carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) = 12; Stage I), 200 (C/N = 6; Stage II), 400 (C/N = 3; Stage III) and 200 (C/N = 6; Stage IV)) in nitrogen metabolic pathways, microbial community, and specific microbial activity were investigated in an aerobic granular sludge reactor. Heterotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (HAOB) showed higher ammonia oxidation rates (AORs) than autotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) at higher C/N conditions (Stages I and II). Paracoccus was the dominant HAOB. AAOB, with only 0.2-0.3 % in relative abundance, showed 2.7-fold higher AORs than HAOB at elevated ammonia and free ammonia (FA) concentrations with C/N at 3. Nitrosomonas and a genus in Nitrosomondaceae family were the major AAOB. This study proposed that FA inhibition on heterotrophic bacteria might be the mechanism that contributes to the development of the autotrophic ammonia oxidation pathway and enrichment of AAOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mengjiao Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Abdul Mohammed
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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19
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Han F, Zhou W. Nitrogen recovery from wastewater by microbial assimilation - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127933. [PMID: 36100188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increased nitrogen (N) input with low utilization rate in artificial N management has led to massive reactive N (Nr) flows, putting the Earth in a high-risk state. It is essential to recover and recycle Nr during or after Nr removal from wastewater to reduce N input while simultaneously mitigate Nr pollution in addressing the N stress. However, mechanisms for efficient Nr recovery during or after Nr removal remain unclear. Here, the occurrence of N risk and progress in wastewater treatment in recent years as well as challenges of the current technologies for N recovery from wastewater were reviewed. Through analyzing N conversion fluxes in biogeochemical N-cycling networks, microbial N assimilation through photosynthetic and heterotrophic microorganisms was highlighted as promising alternative for synergistic N removal and recovery in wastewater treatment. In addition, the prospects and gaps of Nr recovery from wastewater through microbial assimilation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Weizhi Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250002, China.
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Nguyen DH, Tran P T, Tran DM, Masashi H, Takashi Y, Nguyen HL. Development of a post-treatment system using a downflow hanging sponge reactor - an upflow anaerobic reactor for natural rubber processing wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 57:977-986. [PMID: 36263701 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2134682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the nitrogen removal of a post-treatment system for natural rubber processing wastewater (NRPW) under low chemical oxygen demand to total nitrogen (COD/TN) ratios without any supplemental external carbon source. The system including a downflow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor and an upflow anaerobic reactor (UAR) was operated in two phases. In phase 1 (day 0-102), under a nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of 0.23 ± 0.06 kgN m-3 d-1 and COD/TN ratio of 0.63 ± 0.47, the DHS-UAR system removed 82.5 ± 11.8% and 83.9 ± 7.6% of TN and ammonium concentrations, respectively. In phase 2 (day 103-229), higher COD/TN ratio of 1.96 ± 0.28 was applied to remove increasing NLRs. At the highest NLR of 0.51 kgN m-3 d-1, the system achieved TN and ammonium removal efficiencies of 93.2% and 93.7%, respectively. Nitrogen profiles and the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing data suggested that ammonium, a major nitrogen compound in NRPW, was utilized by nitrifying and ammonium assimilation bacteria in DHS, then removed by heterotrophic denitrifying and anammox bacteria in the UAR. The predominance of Acinetobacter detected in both reactors suggested its essential role for the nitrogen conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Hoang Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thao Tran P
- Regional Environment Conservation Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Duc Minh Tran
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hatamoto Masashi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Yamaguchi Takashi
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Huong Lan Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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21
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Zhang XN, Zhu L, Li ZR, Sun YL, Qian ZM, Li SY, Cheng HY, Wang AJ. Thiosulfate as external electron donor accelerating denitrification at low temperature condition in S 0-based autotrophic denitrification biofilter. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:113009. [PMID: 35218715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the inhibition of low temperature on the performance of S0-based autotrophic denitrification (S0-SAD) biofilter, and proposed to enhance the nitrate removal efficiency with thiosulfate as external electron donor. With the decline of temperature from 30 °C to 10 °C at 0.25 h of empty bed contact time (EBCT), the nitrate removal rate presented a logarithmical drop, and the effluent nitrate dramatically increased from 9.19 mg L-1 to 15.13 mg L-1. EBCT was prolonged until 0.33 h for 20 °C, 0.66 h for 15 °C and 1.5 h for 10 °C, respectively, to maintain the effluent nitrate below 10 mg L-1. Such excessive variation of EBCT for different temperature is undoubtedly incredible for practical engineering. Thiosulfate, as the external electron donor, was adopted to compensate the efficiency loss during temperature decrease, which significantly prompted nitrate removal rate to 0.59, 0.53 and 0.31 kg N m-3 d-1 at 20 °C, 15 °C and 10 °C conditions, respectively, even at a short EBCT of 0.25 h. It not only acted as compensatory electron donor for nitrate removal, but also promoted the contribution of elemental sulfur via accelerating the DO consumption and extended larger effective volume of S0-layer for denitrification. Meanwhile, the significant enrichment of Sulfurimonas and Ferritrophicum provided biological evidences to the enhancement process. However, the incomplete consumption of thiosulfate was observed especially at EBCT of 0.25 h and 10 °C, and the thiosulfate runoff needs to be concerned in case of contaminating the effluent. Herein, approximately extending EBCT to 0.66 h and decreasing thiosulfate dosage were conducted simultaneously, thereby achieving 100% thiosulfate utilization efficiency and expected nitrate removal. This study provided a fundamental guidance to design and operate S0-SAD biofilter in response to seasonal temperature variation for practical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Yi-Lu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Min Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Shuang-Yan Li
- Bureau of Ecology and Environment of Miyun, Beijing, 101500, PR China
| | - Hao-Yi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
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22
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Ma S, Huang S, Tian Y, Lu X. Heterotrophic ammonium assimilation: An important driving force for aerobic denitrification of Rhodococcus erythropolis strain Y10. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132910. [PMID: 34793844 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studies on microbial ammonium removal have focused on the heterotrophic nitrification of microorganisms and have rarely studied the role of ammonium assimilation. In this study, Rhodococcus erythropolis strain Y10 with the capacity of aerobic denitrification was screened from the surface flow constructed wetlands that treat high-strength ammonium swine wastewater. Instead of through nitrification, this strain removed ammonium through heterotrophic ammonium assimilation, with the removal rate of 9.69 mg/L/h. The KEGG nitrogen metabolism pathway analysis combined with nitrogen balance calculation manifested that the removal of nitrate and nitrite by R. erythropolis Y10 was achieved through two pathways: 1) assimilation reduction to biomass nitrogen and 2) aerobic denitrification reduction to gaseous nitrogen. Ammonium addition improved the aerobic denitrification rate of nitrate and nitrite. The maximal reduction rates of nitrate and nitrite increased from 7.82 and 7.23 mg/L/h to 9.09 and 8.09 mg/L/h respectively, when 100 mg/L ammonium was separately added to 150 mg/L nitrate and nitrite. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of total nitrogen increased from 69.80% and 77.65% to 89.19% and 91.88%, respectively. Heterotrophic ammonium assimilation promoted the aerobic denitrification efficiency of Rhodococcus erythropolis strain Y10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Ma
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Shiwei Huang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yun Tian
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiangyang Lu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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23
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Yang B, Qin Y, He X, Li H, Ma J. The removal of ammonia nitrogen via heterotrophic assimilation by a novel Paracoccus sp. FDN-02 under anoxic condition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152236. [PMID: 34896137 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel strain FDN-02 was isolated from a sequencing batch biofilm reactor. FDN-02 was identified as Paracoccus sp., and the Genbank Sequence_ID was MW652628. Comparing with the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) by bacterium FDN-02 under different growth conditions, the optimal initial pH, carbon source, and C/N ratio were 7.0, sucrose, and 16, respectively. The maximum removal efficiency and rate of NH4+-N were respectively 96.2% and 10.06 mg-N/L/h within 8 h under anoxic condition when the concentration of NH4+-N was 44.87 mg/L. Specifically, 71.9% of NH4+-N was utilized by strain FDN-02 through heterotrophic assimilation to synthetize organic nitrogen, and approximately 24.1% of NH4+-N was lost in the form of gaseous nitrogen without the emission of nitrous oxide. Bacterium FDN-02 was also found to be a denitrifying organism, and nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen of lower concentrations were removed by denitrification after the enlargement of biomass. Further investigation showed that the biomass after the removal of NH4+-N by strain FDN-02 had resource utilization potential, and the contents of proteins and amino acids were 635 and 192.97 mg/g, respectively, especially for the usage as an alternative nutrient source for livestock and organic fertilizers. This study provided a promising environmentally friendly biological treatment method for the removal of NH4+-N in the wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqi Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuyang Qin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xianglong He
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongjing Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Li Z, Li L, Sun H, Wang W, Yang Y, Qi Z, Liu X. Ammonia assimilation: A double-edged sword influencing denitrification of Rhodobacter azotoformans and for nitrogen removal of aquaculture wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126495. [PMID: 34883195 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
NO3--N and NH4+-N are two prevalent nitrogenous pollutants in aquaculture wastewater posing a significant health risk to aquatic animals. R. azotoformans ATCC17025 can rapidly denitrify to remove NO3--N, assimilating NH4+-N. The study investigated the influence of ammonia assimilation on bacterial denitrification. Results revealed that low concentration of NH4+-N (≤0.3 mM) accelerated denitrification, whereas high concentration inhibited it. RT-qPCR indicated that the inhibition of NO reduction under high concentration of NH4+-N was the primary cause of denitrification depression, whereas low concentration of NH4+-N enhanced the synthesis of practically all enzymes involved in denitrification. Finally, nitrogen-rich aquaculture effluent was effectively treated in lab-scale using a semi-continuous operation that provided an appropriate NH4+-N concentration for denitrification. This semi-continuous operation treated wastewater 2 times faster than the batch operation and the content of nitrogen decreased to effluent standard. The study can provide guidance for nitrogen removal of aquaculture wastewater with bioaugmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yuying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhengliang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Xinli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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25
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Chen YZ, Zhang LJ, Ding LY, Zhang YY, Wang XS, Qiao XJ, Pan BZ, Wang ZW, Xu N, Tao HC. Sustainable treatment of nitrate-containing wastewater by an autotrophic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 9:100146. [PMID: 36157854 PMCID: PMC9487994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria are key denitrifiers in the reduction of nitrate (NO3 --N), which is a contaminant in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). They can also produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O). In this study, the autotrophic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium Rhodoblastus sp. TH20 was isolated for sustainable treatment of NO3 --N in wastewater. Efficient removal of NO3 --N and recovery of biomass nitrogen were achieved. Up to 99% of NO3 --N was removed without accumulation of nitrite and N2O, consuming CO2 of 3.25 mol for each mole of NO3 --N removed. The overall removal rate of NO3 --N reached 1.1 mg L-1 h-1 with a biomass content of approximately 0.71 g L-1 within 72 h. TH20 participated in NO3 --N assimilation and aerobic denitrification. Results from 15N-labeled-nitrate test indicated that removed NO3 --N was assimilated into organic nitrogen, showing an assimilation efficiency of 58%. Seventeen amino acids were detected, accounting for 43% of the biomass. Nitrogen loss through aerobic denitrification was only approximately 42% of total nitrogen. This study suggests that TH20 can be applied in WWTP facilities for water purification and production of valuable biomass to mitigate CO2 and N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ling-Yun Ding
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi-Song Wang
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Qiao
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Bao-Zhu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi-Wu Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Manassas, 20147, Virginia, USA
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Hu-Chun Tao
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Corresponding author.
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26
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Changes in BNR Microbial Community in Response to Different Selection Pressure. NITROGEN 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/nitrogen2040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated structural changes in microbial community of biological nutrient removal (BNR) in response to changes in substrate composition (ammonium and phosphate), redox condition, and morphological characteristics (flocs to granules), with a focus on nitrification and phosphate removal. Analyzing treatment performance and 16S rRNA phylogenetic gene sequencing data suggested that heterotrophic nitrification (HN) and autotrophic nitrification (AN) potentially happened in aerobic organic-rich (HN_AS) and aerobic organic-deficient (AN_AS) activated sludge batch reactors, respectively. However, phosphate release and uptake were not observed under alternating anaerobic/aerobic regime. Phosphate release could not be induced even when anaerobic phase was extended, although Accumulibacter existed in the inoculum (5.1% of total bacteria). Some potential HN (e.g., Thauera, Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium), AN (e.g., Nitrosomonas (3.2%) and Nitrospira), and unconventional phosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) were identified. Putative HN bacteria (i.e., Thauera (29–36%) and Flavobacterium (18–25%)) were enriched in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) regardless of the granular reactor operation mode. Enrichment of HN organisms in the AGS was suspected to be mainly due to granulation, possibly due to the floc-forming ability of HN species. Thus, HN is likely to play a role in nitrogen removal in AGS reactors. This study is supposed to serve as a starting point for the investigation of the microbial communities of AS- and AGS-based BNR processes. It is recommended that the identified roles for the isolated bacteria are further investigated in future works.
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27
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Kou L, Huang T, Zhang H, Wen G, Li N, Wang C, Lu L. Mix-cultured aerobic denitrifying bacterial communities reduce nitrate: Novel insights in micro-polluted water treatment at lower temperature. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148910. [PMID: 34328901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Three mix-cultured aerobic denitrifiers were screened from a source water reservoir and named HE1, HE3 and SU4. Approximately 72.9%, 68.6% and 66.2% of nitrate were effectively removed from basal medium, respectively, after 120 h of cultivation at 8 °C. The nitrogen balance analysis revealed about one-fifth of the initial nitrogen was converted into gaseous denitrification products. According to the results of Biolog, the three microfloras had high metabolic capacity to carbon sources. The dominant genera were Pseudomonas and Paracoccus in these bacterial communities based on nirS gene sequencing. Response surface methodology elucidated that the denitrification rates of identified bacteria reached the maximum under the following optimal parameters: C/N ratio of 7.51-8.34, pH of 8.03-8.09, temperature of 18.03-20.19 °C, and shaking speed of 67.04-120 rpm. All results suggested that screened aerobic denitrifiers could potentially be applied to improve the source water quality at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Kou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
| | - Haihan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Gang Wen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Linchao Lu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
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28
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Hong P, Yang K, Shu Y, Xiao B, Wu H, Xie Y, Gu Y, Qian F, Wu X. Efficacy of auto-aggregating aerobic denitrifiers with coaggregation traits for bioaugmentation performance in biofilm-formation and nitrogen-removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125391. [PMID: 34139566 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To promote efficiency nitrogen-rich wastewater treatment from a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR), three aerobic denitrifiers (Pseudomonas mendocinaIHB602, Methylobacterium gregansDC-1 and Pseudomonas stutzeriIHB618) with dual-capacities of strong auto-aggregation and high nitrogen removal efficiency were studied. The aggregation index analysis indicated that coaggregation of the three strains co-existed was better when compared with one or two strains grown alone. Optimal coaggregation strains were used to bioaugmente a test reactor (SBBRT), which exhibited a shorter time for biofilm-formation than uninoculated control reactor (SBBRC). With different influent ammonia-N loads (150, 200 and 300 mg·L-1), the average ammonia-N and nitrate-N removal efficiency were all higher than that in SBBRC, as well as a lower nitrite-N accumulation. Microbial community structure analysis revealed coaggregation strains may successfully colonize in the bioreactor and be very tolerant of high nitrogen concentrations, and contribute to the high efficiency of inorganic nitrogen-removal and biofilm-formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Hong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Keyin Yang
- Key Laboratory for the Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yilin Shu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Bangding Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yunyun Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yali Gu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Fangping Qian
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xingqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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29
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Feng L, Yang J, Ma F, Xing L, Pi S, Cui D, Li A. Biological stimulation with Fe(III) promotes the growth and aerobic denitrification of Pseudomonas stutzeri T13. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 776:145939. [PMID: 33647667 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Certain metal ions can contribute to the functional microorganisms becoming dominant by stimulating their metabolism and activity. Therefore, Pseudomonas stutzeri T13 was used to investigate the impacts of biological stimulation with certain metal ions on aerobic denitrifying bacteria. Results showed that with the addition of 0.036 mmol/L Fe3+ ions, the nitrogen-assimilation capacity of P. stutzeri T13 significantly increased by 43.99% when utilizing ammonium as the sole nitrogen source. Kinetic models were applied to analyze the role of Fe3+ ions in the growth, and results indicated that increasing Fe3+ ion concentrations decreased the decay rate. The maximum nitrate reduction rate increased from 9.55 mg-N L-1 h-1 to 19.65 mg-N L-1 h-1 with Fe3+ ion concentrations increasing from 0.004 to 0.036 mmol/L, which was due to the increased level of napA gene transcription and activity of nitrate reductase. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further understanding of the mechanism of Fe3+ ion stimulation of aerobic denitrification, benefiting the practicable application of aerobic denitrifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Cui
- Engineering Research Center for Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
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Groundwater Nitrate Removal Performance of Selected Pseudomonas Strains Carrying nosZ Gene in Aerobic Granular Sequential Batch Reactors. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13081119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Four granular sequencing batch reactors (GSBRs) were inoculated with four denitrifying Pseudomonas strains carrying nosZ to study the process of granule formation, the operational conditions of the bioreactors, and the carbon concentration needed for nitrate removal. The selected Pseudomonas strains were P. stutzeri I1, P. fluorescens 376, P. denitrificans Z1, and P. fluorescens PSC26, previously reported as denitrifying microorganisms carrying the nosZ gene. Pseudomonas denitrificans Z1 produced fluffy, low-density granules, with a decantation speed below 10 m h−1. However, P. fluorescens PSC26, P. stutzeri I1, and P. fluorescens 376 formed stable granules, with mean size from 7 to 15 mm, related to the strain and carbon concentration. P. stutzeri I1 and P. fluorescens 376 removed nitrate efficiently with a ratio in the range of 96%, depending on the source and concentration of organic matter. Therefore, the findings suggest that the inoculation of GSBR systems with denitrifying strains of Pseudomonas spp. containing the nosZ gene enables the formation of stable granules, the efficient removal of nitrate, and the transformation of nitrate into nitrogen gas, a result of considerable environmental interest to avoid the generation of nitrous oxide.
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Font Nájera A, Serwecińska L, Mankiewicz-Boczek J. Culturable nitrogen-transforming bacteria from sequential sedimentation biofiltration systems and their potential for nutrient removal in urban polluted rivers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7448. [PMID: 33811217 PMCID: PMC8018948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel heterotrophic bacterial strains—Bzr02 and Str21, effective in nitrogen transformation, were isolated from sequential sedimentation-biofiltration systems (SSBSs). Bzr02, identified as Citrobacter freundii, removed up to 99.0% of N–NH4 and 70.2% of N–NO3, while Str21, identified as Pseudomonas mandelii, removed up to 98.9% of N–NH4 and 87.7% of N–NO3. The key functional genes napA/narG and hao were detected for Bzr02, confirming its ability to reduce nitrate to nitrite and remove hydroxylamine. Str21 was detected with the genes narG, nirS, norB and nosZ, confirming its potential for complete denitrification process. Nitrogen total balance experiments determined that Bzr02 and Str21 incorporated nitrogen into cell biomass (up to 94.7% and 74.7%, respectively), suggesting that nitrogen assimilation was also an important process occurring simultaneously with denitrification. Based on these results, both strains are suitable candidates for improving nutrient removal efficiencies in nature-based solutions such as SSBSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnoldo Font Nájera
- UNESCO Chair On Ecohydrology and Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland.,European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364, Łódź, Poland
| | - Liliana Serwecińska
- European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Joanna Mankiewicz-Boczek
- UNESCO Chair On Ecohydrology and Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland.,European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364, Łódź, Poland
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32
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Zheng Z, Ali A, Su J, Fan Y, Zhang S. Layered double hydroxide modified biochar combined with sodium alginate: A powerful biomaterial for enhancing bioreactor performance to remove nitrate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 323:124630. [PMID: 33418348 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel layered double hydroxide (LDH)-orange peel (OP) biochar/sodium alginate (SA) (LBSA) synthetic material was prepared as an immobilized carrier for Acinetobacter sp. FYF8 to improve the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in the bioreactor. Results demonstrated that under optimum conditions, the nitrate and phosphate removal efficiency reached 95.32 and 86.11%, respectively. The response surface methodology was used to illustrate the adsorption properties of the material and obtained optimal conditions for the removal of nitrate. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm were well fitted with the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively, indicating that the adsorption process was mainly controlled by chemical adsorption and was favorable. Moreover, the morphology and composition of LBSA immobilized bacteria were analyzed and the mechanism of removing nitrate and phosphate was the synergistic effect of biological metabolism and adsorption. Community structure analysis and microbial distribution showed that FYF8 might was the dominant strain in bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Zheng
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Fan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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33
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Wu B, Zhou M, Song L, Xu Q, Dai X, Chai X. Mechanism insights into polyhydroxyalkanoate-regulated denitrification from the perspective of pericytoplasmic nitrate reductase expression. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142083. [PMID: 32920393 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For enhanced biological nutrient removal (BNR) process, the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) can be used as an eco-friendly internal as well as external substrate for regulating the growth of heterotrophic denitrifiers and promoting the denitrification process for deep nitrogen removal from wastewater. However, the exact mechanisms by which PHA impacts bacterial metabolism and affects the electron transfer of denitrification remain unknown. In this study, the in-depth mechanism investigation for PHA-mediated denitrification based on the jointly applied transcriptomic, proteomic and Western Blotting techniques was performed on a model denitrifier, Pseudomonas stutzeri. Results showed that PHA dramatically fostered the growth of Pseudomonas stutzeri, resulting in improved nitrate removal efficiency from 32.8% to 45.8%. Comparison of protein expression profiles indicated that PHA promoted the expression of enzyme NapB and NapA by approximately 10.34 and 20.01 times, respectively, which were both in charge of reduction from nitrate to nitrite. Based on transcriptional sequencing and Tandem Mass Tags, the correlation results also showed that differential proteins and genes with the same expression trend were positively correlated (R2 = 0.427, p-value<0.033). Western Blotting approach was further developed to confirm the up-regulated expression of target protein with the higher proportion of PHA in carbon source of the medium, which proved the reliability of proteomics results. All the findings presented here are believed to deepen the understanding of microbial mechanism about PHA-enhanced denitrification from the novel perspective of associated electron-transfer enzymatic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boran Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Liyan Song
- Environmental Microbiology and Ecology Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), 266 Fangzheng Avenue, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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34
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Deng M, Zhao X, Senbati Y, Song K, He X. Nitrogen removal by heterotrophic nitrifying and aerobic denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas sp. DM02: Removal performance, mechanism and immobilized application for real aquaculture wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 322:124555. [PMID: 33352391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A bacterial strain was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas sp. DM02 from an aquaculture system. Strain DM02 showed efficient heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification capability. Total ammonia nitrogen (TAN, 10 mg/L) could be completely removed by strain DM02 within 12 h under low nutrient condition. Nitrogen mass balance indicated that 70.8% of the initial TAN was translated into gaseous nitrogen and 28.1% was converted into intracellular nitrogen. Various carbon sources can be used for nitrate removal (>95% within 28 h). The optimal conditions for TAN, nitrate and nitrite removal were pH 7 with carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios of 8, 12 and 12, respectively. The napA, nirK, and nosZ functional genes were successful amplified from strain DM02. Both bioaugmentation and immobilized technology of strain DM02 present ability (>88%) for continuous treatment of real aquaculture wastewater. This research indicated a great potential for practical application of Pseudomonas sp. DM02 in aquaculture wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yeerken Senbati
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xugang He
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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35
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Zhang LJ, Xie Y, Ding LY, Qiao XJ, Tao HC. Highly efficient ammonium removal through nitrogen assimilation by a hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium, Ideonella sp. TH17. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110059. [PMID: 32805244 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ideonella sp. TH17, an autotrophic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium (HOB), was successfully enriched and isolated from activated sludge in a domestic wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Batch experiments were conducted to identify the cell growth and ammonium (NH4+-N) removal, and to verify the pathways of nitrogen utilization under different conditions. At a representative NH4+-N concentration of 100 mg/L in domestic wastewater, it was the first time that a HOB strain achieved a nearly 100% ammonium removal. More than 90% of NH4+-N was assimilated to biomass nitrogen by strain TH17. Only a little of N2 (<10% of initial NH4+-N) was detected without N2O emission in aerobic denitrification process. Autotrophic NH4+-N assimilation contributed predominantly to biomass nitrogen production, supplemented by assimilatory nitrate (NO3--N) reduction under aerobic conditions. A total of 17 amino acids, accounting for 54.25 ± 1.98% of the dry biomass, were detected in the bacterial biomass harvested at 72 h. These results demonstrated that the newly isolated strain TH17 was capable of removing NH4+-N and recovering nutrients from wastewater efficiently. A new solution was thus provided by this HOB strain for ammonium treatment in sustainable WWTPs of future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Yong Xie
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Ling-Yun Ding
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Xue-Jiao Qiao
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Hu-Chun Tao
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
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36
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Qiao Z, Sun R, Wu Y, Hu S, Liu X, Chan J, Mi X. Characteristics and metabolic pathway of the bacteria for heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification in aquatic ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110069. [PMID: 32828759 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the nitrogen removal characteristics and metabolic pathway of bacteria in aquatic ecosystem, with a focus on heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification. The bacteria demonstrated significant heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification capacity. The highest ammonium-N, nitrate-N, and nitrite-N removal efficiencies were 95.31 ± 0.11%, 98.91 ± 0.05%, and 98.79 ± 0.09%, respectively. The Monod model was used to estimate the maximum rate of substrate utilization (Rmo) and the half-saturation concentration (Ks) for the two substrates, i.e., ammonium and nitrate. The kinetic coefficients were 3.34 mg/L/d (Rmo) and 30.59 mg/L (Ks) for ammonium-N, respectively, and 14.23 mg/L/d (Rmo) and 215.24 mg/L (Ks) for nitrate-N, respectively. The effects of initial nitrogen (ammonium-N or nitrate-N) concentration, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) on nitrogen removal rate were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimal conditions for nitrogen removal were determined. The principal nitrogen removal pathway of the bacteria was proposed as complete heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification, which was performed by six key genera: Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Bacillus, Massilia, and Rhizobium. Chryseobacterium and other denitrifying species may also reduce nitrification products (NOX-) via aerobic denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixia Qiao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Ran Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yaoguo Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China.
| | - Sihai Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Jiangwei Chan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Xiaohui Mi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
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37
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Liu X, Zhu H. Treatment of Low C/N Ratio Wastewater by a Carbon Cloth Bipolar Plate Multicompartment Electroenhanced Bioreactor (CBM-EEB). ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:27823-27832. [PMID: 33163765 PMCID: PMC7643109 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The traditional biological denitrification process has the problems of low removal rates and lack of a carbon source when treating wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen concentration and a low carbon-nitrogen ratio. Based on a bio-electrochemical system (BES), a novel carbon cloth bipolar plate multicompartment electroenhanced bioreactor (CBM-EEB) system was constructed. In this study, nitrogen removal efficiency and enrichment of functional bacteria using CBM-EEB under different voltage conditions were investigated. The results from next-generation sequencing indicated that the CBM-EEB included heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (HNAD) and was dominated by heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacteria (HNADB). The applied voltage was confirmed as having the ability to regulate the microbial community structure and abundance of functional genes, thereby further enhancing the nitrogen removal efficiency of the system. The total nitrogen removal efficiency was 77.70 ± 1.14, 87.10 ± 0.56, 86.40 ± 0.59, and 89.30 ± 0.53% under applied voltages of 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, and 1.3 V, respectively. All values were significantly higher than the control group (62.86 ± 2.06%). HNADB had the highest abundance among the 17 detected genera related to nitrogen metabolism. Facultative denitrifying bacteria, Pseudoxanthomonas, along with key bacteria of HNADB, such as Flavobacterium, constructed a shortcut simultaneous nitrification-denitrification (SND) process. Poisson analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the applied voltage improved the denitrification efficiency by changing the microbial community structure, reducing the abundance of heterotrophic bacteria, and increasing the unit abundance of key functional genes so that less organics were required for the denitrification process. The increased nitrogen removal efficiency in the experimental group was mainly related to simultaneous nitrification-denitrification process and cooperation of microbial communities in the anode and the cathode. This study highlighted the feasibility of CBM-EEB to enhance the HNAD reaction and the response of wastewater with a low C/N ratio to enhance the abundance of microbial bacteria and their functional gene abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Liu
- Biomass Energy Research Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China
| | - Hongguang Zhu
- Biomass Energy Research Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China
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38
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Zhang S, Su J, Zheng Z, Yang S. Denitrification strategies of strain YSF15 in response to carbon scarcity: Based on organic nitrogen, soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123733. [PMID: 32619805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to determine the denitrification strategies of strain YSF15 in carbon scarcity condition from novel view of organic nitrogen, soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The batch tests demonstrated that strain YSF15 could achieve complete denitrification at C/N of 3.0. The conversion ratio of nitrogen gas accounted for 89.03%, 85.29% and 82.95% among total nitrogen in C/N systems from 3.0 to 5.0, respectively, indicating denitrification instead of assimilation was the major contribution to nitrogen removal. C/N could affect composition and content of organic nitrogen, SMP and EPS. The biodegradability of EPS was better than SMP, whereas polysaccharide (PS) likely correlated with nitrogen removal, predating the protein (PN). These results implied high biodegradability of EPS and more electron donors for denitrification both improved denitrification capacity of strain YSF15, which revealed the potential contribution of bacterium with production of biodegradable SMP or EPS in biological treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Zhijie Zheng
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Shu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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39
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Yang J, Feng L, Pi S, Cui D, Ma F, Zhao HP, Li A. A critical review of aerobic denitrification: Insights into the intracellular electron transfer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 731:139080. [PMID: 32417477 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic denitrification is a novel biological nitrogen removal technology, which has been widely investigated as an alternative to the conventional denitrification and for its unique advantages. To fully comprehend aerobic denitrification, it is essential to clarify the regulatory mechanisms of intracellular electron transfer during aerobic denitrification. However, reports on intracellular electron transfer during aerobic denitrification are rather limited. Thus, the purpose of this review is to discuss the molecular mechanism of aerobic denitrification from the perspective of electron transfer, by summarizing the advancements in current research on electron transfer based on conventional denitrification. Firstly, the implication of aerobic denitrification is briefly discussed, and the status of current research on aerobic denitrification is summarized. Then, the occurring foundation and significance of aerobic denitrification are discussed based on a brief review of the key components involved in the electron transfer of denitrifying enzymes. Moreover, a strategy for enhancing the efficiency of aerobic denitrification is proposed on the basis of the regulatory mechanisms of denitrification enzymes. Finally, scientific outlooks are given for further investigation on aerobic denitrification in the future. This review could help clarify the mechanism of aerobic denitrification from the perspective of electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center for Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Sun C, Zhang Y, Qu Z, Zhou J. Simultaneous cobalt(III)-histidine reduction and aerobic denitrification by Paracoccus versutus LYM. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 310:123404. [PMID: 32334362 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt(II)-histidine [Co(II)His] is potentially a better alternative to ferrous complexes in the chemical absorption-biological reduction (CABR) flue gas denitrification process in view of its higher oxygenation reversibility. Though with excellent O2-resistant ability, Co(II)His was still gradually oxidized into Co(III)His, losing NO binding capacity. Thus, Co(III)His biological reduction is an indispensable step in CABR process. Co(III)His reduction by Paracoccus versutus LYM under aerobic condition in the presence of nitrate or nitrite was investigated. Results indicated that simultaneous Co(III)His reduction and aerobic denitrification were achieved by strain LYM. Co(III)His reduction was significantly promoted by denitrification process, but dramatically inhibited by 5-15 mM sulfite. Co(II)His absorbent regeneration could be facilitated by adjusting O2 supply properly or adding nitrogen and carbon source regularly. These findings provide a basis for the application of Co(II)His as the absorbent in the CABR process and qualify P. versutus LYM as an applicable and competitive strain for this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Zhenping Qu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jiti Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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41
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Ruan Y, Ma B, Cai C, Cai L, Gu J, Lu HF, Xu XY, Zhang M. Kinetic affinity index informs the divisions of nitrate flux in aerobic denitrification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 309:123345. [PMID: 32305844 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic denitrification is attracting increasing attention since its advantage of complete nitrogen removal in a single aerobic reactor with simplified configurations. This study investigated the nitrate kinetic affinity (half-saturation index, Km) by an isolated aerobic denitrifier named P. balearica strain RAD-17. It turned out that strain RAD-17 had a high Km of 162.5 mg-N/L and maximum nitrate reduction rate of 21.7 mg-N/(L•h), enabling it to treat high-strength nitrogen wastewater with high efficiency. Further analysis illustrated that Km was the critical value for the change of growth yield rate along initial nitrate concentrations. Nitrogen balance results elucidated an opposite nitrogen flux to cell synthesis and nitrogen loss during aerobic denitrification. Moreover, the expression of functional genes provided proofs for these phenotypic results at transcriptional level. Consequently, Km could be an indicator for nitrate flux division directing to respiration and assimilation in aerobic denitrifiers, shedding light on its regulation for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Ruan
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Bio-Systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Bin Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Lei Cai
- Laboratory of Microbial Resources, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China
| | - Jun Gu
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui-Feng Lu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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Zhang M, Li A, Yao Q, Wu Q, Zhu H. Nitrogen removal characteristics of a versatile heterotrophic nitrifying-aerobic denitrifying bacterium, Pseudomonas bauzanensis DN13-1, isolated from deep-sea sediment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 305:122626. [PMID: 32143020 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A heterotrophic nitrifying-aerobic denitrifying bacterium isolated from deep-sea sediment was identified as Pseudomonas bauzanensis DN13-1. Nitrogen (N) removal capability and relative expression of nitrification and denitrification genes of this strain were investigated. The NO2--N, NO3--N and NH4+-N removal efficiencies were 98.82%, 65.87% and 98.89%, respectively, and strain DN13-1 could efficiently remove mixed N. Meanwhile, other inorganic N was not accumulated during these N removal processes. Genomic analysis indicated that genes nirS, norB, nosZ, nasA and putative amo were identified. The relative expression of functional genes by real-time PCR (qPCR) further confirmed nitrite, nitrate and ammonium removal pathways of strain DN13-1 under aerobic condition. Especially, the ammonium removal pathway of this strain was achieved through heterotrophic ammonium nitrification coupled with fast nitrite denitrification directly. Taken together, strain DN13-1 possesses particularity to efficiently remove N, which guarantees its promising application in aquaculture wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Anzhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Qing Yao
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Honghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, PR China.
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Chen Z, Jiang Y, Chang Z, Wang J, Song X, Huang Z, Chen S, Li J. Denitrification characteristics and pathways of a facultative anaerobic denitrifying strain, Pseudomonas denitrificans G1. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 129:715-722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Feng L, Yang J, Ma F, Pi S, Xing L, Li A. Characterisation of Pseudomonas stutzeri T13 for aerobic denitrification: Stoichiometry and reaction kinetics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 717:135181. [PMID: 31839288 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of total nitrogen (TN) removal at aerobic condition in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has been one of the most popular research fields. However, the role of aerobic denitrification in TN removal was unclear because of the lack of stoichiometric coefficients and kinetic constants of aerobic denitrification bacterium. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the stoichiometry and kinetics of aerobic denitrification by using Pseudomonas stutzeri T13 as a model aerobic denitrification bacterium. Results indicated that strain T13 obtained the maximum yield coefficient (0.1098 mol biomass-N/mol COD) when using NH4+-N as the sole nitrogen source. This value decreased slightly (0.1077 mol biomass-N/mol COD) during aerobic denitrification, but was still higher than that of conventional denitrification. The half-saturation constants for ammonium, nitrate and nitrite ( [Formula: see text] , [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ) of strain T13 were fitted based on the experimental data and were 2.72, 18.33 and 209.07 mg/L, respectively. The validity of the stoichiometric coefficients and kinetic constants was tested at two extra conditions and perfect fitting results were obtained. To our knowledge, this is the first time to report the stoichiometric coefficients and kinetic constants of aerobic denitrification. These parameters will be useful in modelling nitrogen removal performance in systems inoculated with aerobic denitrification bacterium. Moreover, this study could provide an experimental basis for further clarifying the mechanism of aerobic denitrification from a quantitative perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
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Hong P, Wu X, Shu Y, Wang C, Tian C, Wu H, Xiao B. Bioaugmentation treatment of nitrogen-rich wastewater with a denitrifier with biofilm-formation and nitrogen-removal capacities in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 303:122905. [PMID: 32032938 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A strain with efficient biofilm-formation and aerobic denitrification capabilities was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas mendocina IHB602. In pure culture, strain IHB602 removed almost all NO3--N, NO2--N, and NH4+-N (initial concentrations 50 mg/L) within 24 h. The strain produced large amounts of extracellular polymeric substances (maximum 430.33 mg/g cell dry weight) rich in protein but containing almost no humic acid. This, and strong autoaggregation (maximum 47.09%) and hydrophobicity (maximum 85.07%), imparted strain IHB602 with biofilm forming traits. A sequencing batch biofilm reactor bioaugmented with strain IHB602 (SBBR1) had more rapid biofilm-formation than the control without strain IHB602 inoculation (SBBR2). During the stabilization period, the effluent removal ratios for NH4+-N (95%), NO3--N (91%) and TN (88%) in SBBR1 were significantly higher than those in SBBR2 (NH4+-N: 91%, NO3--N: 88%, TN: 82%). Microbial community structure analysis revealed that strain IHB602 successfully proliferated and contributed to nitrogen removal as well as biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yilin Shu
- Key Laboratory for the Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Wuhu 241000, China; College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Chunbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Cuicui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Bangding Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Zhang X, Sun Y, Ma F, Li A, Yang J. Role of soluble microbial product as an intermediate electron station linking C/N and nitrogen removal performance in sequencing batch reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109248. [PMID: 32085997 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The C/N ratio in wastewater differs in place and time and affects the nitrogen removal performance of wastewater treatment. However, studies have focused only on the direct relationship between C/N and nitrogen removal efficiency but disregarded the significant role of soluble microbial products (SMPs) as an intermediate electron station. In this work, the contribution of SMPs to TN removal for treating wastewater with different C/N in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was investigated to extend relevance from C/N-TN removal to C/N-SMP-TN removal. TN removal efficiency was improved by increasing the influent C/N. The relative contribution of SMPs increased from 15% (C/N = 2) to 54% (C/N = 8), including 25.5% via utilization-associated product (UAP)-dependent denitrification and 28.5% via biomass-associated product (BAP)-dependent denitrification. The direct contribution of influent organic substrates dramatically decreased from 85.1% to 46%. In addition, providing an anoxic phase effectively enhanced BAP-dependent denitrification and achieved an increment of the SMP absolute contribution from 20.3% to 43% at C/N = 8 with 6.7 mg/L of TN additionally removed. This work clarified the significant contribution of SMPs to the nitrogen removal process, particularly in treating wastewater with high C/N. It also presented a new strategy for improving nitrogen removal performance via SMP reclamation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Yilu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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Wang S, Chen M, Zheng K, Wan C, Li J. Promising carbon utilization for nitrogen recovery in low strength wastewater treatment: Ammonia nitrogen assimilation, protein production and microbial community structure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136306. [PMID: 32050365 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acetic acid and sodium acetate are generally supplied to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in China to improve total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal, and the addition of carbon source also facilitates to increase sludge growth rate and further provides material basis for the extraction of proteins and amino acids from activated sludge. To recycle ammonia nitrogen resources, a system that combined adsorption and anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A/AAO) process for treating low strength wastewater was established. Experimental results showed that by the addition of carbon substrate from a mixture of anaerobically fermented adsorption sludge, the average removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, TN, and TP were 88%, 96.9%, 93.9%, and 92.1%, respectively, and the ratio of nitrogen assimilation to nitrogen dissimilation significantly increased by a factor of 2.5. Through energy analysis (based on adenosine triphosphate, ATP), sludge flocculation capacity and settling property, it was found that the AAO process sludge presented the logarithmic growth characteristics. The respective sludge protein and amino acids contents increased by over 11.4% and 40.3%, and the synthetic products of glutamic acid, alanine and aspartate increased through the assimilation of ammonia nitrogen, thereby indicating that replenishing the carbon substrate could markedly enhance protein and amino acids contents in AAO process sludge. Moreover, the diversity of the microbial community in adsorption process was relatively rich, the diversity in the adsorption process sludge was the highest, while the diversity of the AAO process sludge evidently decreased. The microbial community in each process was similarly based on 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, microflora was prominent in the AAO process, with Dechloromonas, Flavobacterium, Zoogloea, Unclassified_Rhodocyclaceae and Thauera as the dominant species. Promising carbon utilization facilitates contaminants removal in low strength wastewater treatment and is conducive to protein production through ammonia nitrogen assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu College of Water Treatment Technology and Material Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou 215009, China; Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mingfei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kaikai Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chunli Wan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu College of Water Treatment Technology and Material Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou 215009, China
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Ammonium removal characteristics of heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri GEP-01 with potential for treatment of ammonium-rich wastewater. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:959-969. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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He T, Xie D, Ni J, Li Z, Li Z. Characteristics of nitrogen transformation and intracellular nitrite accumulation by the hypothermia bacterium Arthrobacter arilaitensis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134730. [PMID: 31726404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new nitrite accumulation pathway was discovered in the nitrogen conversion process of Arthrobacter arilaitensis. The extracellular nitrite reached 0.65 and 43.66 mg/L with hydroxylamine and nitrate as the sole nitrogen source, respectively. The enzyme activities of ammonia monooxygenase, hydroxylamine oxidoreductase and nitrate reductase were 0.42, 0.0014 and 0.0049 U/mg protein, respectively. The activity of nitrite reductase was completely inhibited by diethyldithiocarbamate. Intriguingly, the intracellular nitrite accumulated as high as 43.0, 42.26, 39.94 and 35.01 mg/L, when the Arthrobacter arilaitensis was incubated with Luria-Bertani medium, ammonium, nitrate and nitrite as the nitrogen source, respectively. These results confirmed that the highest concentration of intracellular nitrite was accumulated when LB was selected as the nitrogen source, followed by ammonium and nitrate, then nitrite was the least. To date, biochemical mechanism responsible for the accumulation of a high concentration of intracellular nitrite is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengxia He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Deti Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multiscale Interfacial Process, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Jiupai Ni
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multiscale Interfacial Process, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhenlun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multiscale Interfacial Process, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Nitrogen Removal Performance and Metabolic Pathways Analysis of a Novel Aerobic Denitrifying Halotolerant Pseudomonas balearica strain RAD-17. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8010072. [PMID: 31906569 PMCID: PMC7022906 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An aerobic denitrification strain, Pseudomonas balearica RAD-17, was identified and showed efficient inorganic nitrogen removal ability. The average NO3−-N, NO2−-N, and total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) removal rate (>95% removal efficiency) in a batch test was 6.22 mg/(L∙h), 6.30 mg/(L∙h), and 1.56 mg/(L∙h), respectively. Meanwhile, optimal incubate conditions were obtained through single factor experiments. For nitrogen removal pathways, the transcriptional results proved that respiratory nitrate reductases encoded by napA, which was primarily performed in aerobic denitrification and cell assimilation, were conducted by gluS and gluD genes for ammonium metabolism. In addition, adding the strain RAD-17 into actual wastewater showed obvious higher denitrification performance than in the no inoculum group (84.22% vs. 22.54%), and the maximum cell abundance achieved 28.5 ± 4.5% in a ratio of total cell numbers. Overall, the efficient nitrogen removal performance plus strong environmental fitness makes the strain RAD-17 a potential alternative for RAS (recirculating aquaculture system) effluent treatment.
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