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Liang C, Svendsen SB, de Jonge N, Carvalho PN, Nielsen JL, Bester K. Eat seldom is better than eat frequently: Pharmaceuticals degradation kinetics, enantiomeric profiling and microorganisms in moving bed biofilm reactors are affected by feast famine cycle times. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133739. [PMID: 38401210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Feast-famine (FF) regimes improved the removal of recalcitrant pharmaceuticals in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs), but the optimal FF cycle remained unresolved. The effects of FF cycle time on the removal of bulk substrates (organic carbon and nitrogen) and trace pharmaceuticals by MBBR are systematically evaluated in this study. The feast to famine ratio was fixed to 1:2 to keep the same loading rate, but the time for the FF cycles varied from 18 h to 288 h. The MBBR adapted to the longest FF cycle time (288 h equaling 48 × HRT) resulted in significantly higher degradation rates (up to +183%) for 12 out of 28 pharmaceuticals than a continuously fed (non-FF) reactor. However, other FF cycle times (18, 36, 72 and 144 h) only showed a significant up-regulation for 2-3 pharmaceuticals compared to the non-FF reactor. Enantioselective degradation of metoprolol and propranolol occurred in the second phase of a two phase degradation, which was different for the longer FF cycle time. N-oxidation and N-demethylation pathways of tramadol and venlafaxine differed across the FF cycle time suggestin the FF cycle time varied the predominant transformation pathways of pharmaceuticals. The abundance of bacteria in the biofilms varied considerably between different FF cycle times, which possibly caused the biofilm to remove more recalcitrant bulk organic C and pharmaceuticals under long cycle times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhou Liang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Sif B Svendsen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Nadieh de Jonge
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Pedro N Carvalho
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kai Bester
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark.
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Tsitouras A, Al-Ghussain N, Butcher J, Stintzi A, Delatolla R. The microbiome of two strategies for ammonia removal with the sequencing batch moving bed biofilm reactor treating cheese production wastewater. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0150723. [PMID: 38009922 PMCID: PMC10734506 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01507-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Cheese production facilities must abide by sewage discharge bylaws that prevent overloading municipal water resource recovery facilities, eutrophication, and toxicity to aquatic life. Compact treatment systems can permit on-site treatment of cheese production wastewater; however, competition between heterotrophs and nitrifiers impedes the implementation of the sequencing batch moving bed biofilm reactor (SB-MBBR) for nitrification from high-carbon wastewaters. This study demonstrates that a single SB-MBBR is not feasible for nitrification when operated with anerobic and aerobic cycling for carbon and phosphorous removal from cheese production wastewater, as nitrification does not occur in a single reactor. Thus, two reactors in series are recommended to achieve nitrification from cheese production wastewater in SB-MBBRs. These findings can be applied to pilot and full-scale SB-MBBR operations. By demonstrating the potential to implement partial nitrification in the SB-MBBR system, this study presents the possibility of implementing partial nitrification in the SB-MBBR, resulting in the potential for more sustainable treatment of nitrogen from cheese production wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tsitouras
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nour Al-Ghussain
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Butcher
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alain Stintzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Delatolla
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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di Biase A, Flores-Orozco D, Patidar R, Kowalski MS, Jabari P, Kumar A, Devlin TR, Oleszkiewicz JA. Performance and recovery of nitrifying biofilm after exposure to prolonged starvation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133323. [PMID: 34921854 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Achieving consistent ammonia removal in post-lagoon processes faces two major challenges impacting nitrifiers due to the unique seasonal variation of lagoon-based systems: summer to winter temperature drop and summer to fall ammonia starvation period while lagoon is removing ammonia. The objective of this study was to follow microbial diversity and define conditions that could overcome these challenges in a post-lagoon moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) operated at an initial surface area loading rate (SALR) of 0.3 g-NH4-N m-2d-1 from mesophilic (20 °C) to psychrophilic (4 °C). Initially the temperature was maintained at 20 °C and decreased to 10 °C until steady state was achieved. During starvation conditions (i.e., continuous, intermittent and no aeration without inflow; decanted media; and intermittent and continuous ammonia supplement) the temperature was decreased by 2 °C per week until 4 °C. The results indicated that operational procedures, such as intermittent ammonia supplement with SALR of 0.15 g-NH4-N m-2d-1 could improve performance with 80% ammonia removal achieved immediately after starvation period. Intermittent ammonia supplement had produced the greatest biofilm preservation comparable to the initial load with the highest specific and surface area removal rates. In the recovery phase (initial load restoration) 10 days were required to reestablish performance above 95% ammonia removal. When temperature was decreased from mesophilic to psychrophilic, the microbial diversity was found higher when starving biofilm compared to the control operated at the initial load while it converged to a similar population over recovery. The main actors associated to nitrification enriched at psychrophilic conditions were Proteobacteria and Bacteriodotes at phyla level. Ammonia oxidation to nitrite was mainly driven by the order Burkholderiales and nitrite oxidation to nitrate by Pseudomonadales. This procedure should be considered in the implementation of full-scale post-lagoon MBBR technologies to ensure reliable, robust, and consistent performance despite the inherent seasonal variability of lagoon-based processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro di Biase
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6.
| | - Daniel Flores-Orozco
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | - Rakesh Patidar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | - Maciej S Kowalski
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | | | - Ayush Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | - Tanner R Devlin
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6; Nexom, Winnipeg, Canada, R2J 3R8
| | - Jan A Oleszkiewicz
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
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Gonzalez-Silva BM, Jonassen KR, Bakke I, Østgaard K, Vadstein O. Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2979. [PMID: 33536458 PMCID: PMC7859187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, nitrification before and after abrupt cross-transfer in salinity was investigated in two moving bed biofilm reactors inoculated with nitrifying cultures that had adaptation to freshwater (FR) and seawater salinities (SR). FR and SR MBRRs were exposed to short and long term cross-transfer in salinity, and the functional capacity of nitrifying microbial communities was quantified by the estimation of ammonia and nitrite oxidation rates. Salinity induced successions were evaluated before and after salinity change by deep sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and statistical analysis. The bacterial community structure was characterized and Venn diagrams were included. The results indicated that after salinity cross-transfer, the FR was not significantly recovered at seawater salinity whereas SR showed high resistance to stress caused by low-salt. Succession and physiological plasticity were the main mechanisms of the long-term adaption of the nitrifying communities exposed to abrupt salinity changes. Independently of salinity, some nitrifiers presented high physiological plasticity towards salinity and were very successful at both zero and full seawater salinity. SR culture is robust and suitable inoculum for ammonium removal from recirculating aquaculture systems and industrial wastewaters with variable and fast salinity changes. Our findings contradict the current perspective of the significance of salinity on the structure of nitrifying communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca M Gonzalez-Silva
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, S. P. Andersens veg 5, N-7031, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Kjell Rune Jonassen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,VEAS, Bjerkåsholmen 125, 3470, Slemmestad, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Bakke
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kjetill Østgaard
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olav Vadstein
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
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Yuan S, Meng F. Ecological insights into the underlying evolutionary patterns of biofilm formation from biological wastewater treatment systems: Red or Black Queen Hypothesis? Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:1270-1280. [PMID: 31994719 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Interspecies interactions and phylogenetic distances were studied to reveal the underlying evolutionary adaptations of biofilms sourced from wastewater treatment processes. Based on 380 pairwise cocultures of 40 strains from two microbial aggregates (surface-attached and mobile aggregates [flocs]) at two substrate concentrations (LB broth and 0.1× LB broth), interspecies interactions were explored using biofilm classification schemes. There was a strong source-dependence of biofilm development formed by the monocultures, that is, a higher biofilm formation potential for strains from attached aggregates than for those from sludge flocs at both substrate concentrations. Interestingly, the results showed that total biofilm reduction was dominant in the dual-species biofilm sourced from flocs in both LB broth (67.37%) and 0.1× LB broth (64.21%), indicating high interspecific competition in mobile aggregates and the independence of substrate concentrations. However, biofilm reduction was higher (33.68%) than induction (19.37%) for the biofilms formed by surface-attached aggregates in LB broth, while the opposite trend was apparent in 0.1× LB broth, suggesting the occurrence of indeterministic processes for biofilm formation and important roles of substrate concentrations. In addition, the more closely related phylogenetic relationships of cocultures from mobile aggregates were consistent with higher competition compared with those from surface-attached aggregates. Overall, the underlying evolutionary patterns of biofilms formed from mobile aggregates consistently followed the essence of the "Red Queen Hypothesis," while biofilms developed from surface-attached aggregates were not deterministic. This study advanced our understanding of biofilm-related treatment processes using the principles of microbial ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Ashkanani A, Almomani F, Khraisheh M, Bhosale R, Tawalbeh M, AlJaml K. Bio-carrier and operating temperature effect on ammonia removal from secondary wastewater effluents using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133425. [PMID: 31362224 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of bio-carriers' surface area and shape, wastewater chemistry and operating temperature on ammonia removal from real wastewater effluents using Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) operated with three different AnoxKaldness bio-carriers (K3, K5, and M). The study concludes the surface area loading rate, specific surface area, and shape of bio-carrier affect ammonia removal under real conditions. MBBR kinetics and sensitivity for temperature changes were affected by bio-carrier type. High surface area bio-carriers resulted in low ammonia removal and bio-carrier clogging. Significant ammonia removals of 1.420 ± 0.06 and 1.103 ± 0.06 g - N/m2. d were achieved by K3(As = 500 m2/m3) at 35 and 20 °C, respectively. Lower removals were obtained by high surface area bio-carrier K5 (1.123 ± 0.06 and 0.920 ± 0.06 g - N/m2. d) and M (0.456 ± 0.05 and 0.295 ± 0.05 g - N/m2. d) at 35 and 20 °C, respectively. Theta model successfully represents ammonia removal kinetics with θ values of 1.12, 1.06 and 1.13 for bio-carrier K3, K5 and M respectively. MBBR technology is a feasible choice for treatment of real wastewater effluents containing high ammonia concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ashkanani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Majeda Khraisheh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rahul Bhosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled AlJaml
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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