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Bani-Melhem K, Elektorowicz M, Tawalbeh M, Al Bsoul A, El Gendy A, Kamyab H, Yusuf M. Integrating of electrocoagulation process with submerged membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment under low voltage gradients. Chemosphere 2023; 339:139693. [PMID: 37536541 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Treating and reusing wastewater has become an essential aspect of water management worldwide. However, the increase in emerging pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are presented in wastewater from various sources like industry, roads, and household waste, makes their removal difficult due to their low concentration, stability, and ability to combine with other organic substances. Therefore, treating a low load of wastewater is an attractive option. The study aimed to address membrane fouling in the submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) used for wastewater treatment. An aluminum electrocoagulation (EC) device was combined with SMBR as a pre-treatment to reduce fouling. The EC-SMBR process was compared with a conventional SMBR without EC, fed with real grey water. To prevent impeding biological growth, low voltage gradients were utilized in the EC deviceThe comparison was conducted over 60 days with constant transmembrane pressure and infinite solid retention time (SRT). In phase I, when the EC device was operated at a low voltage gradient (0.64 V/cm), no significant improvement in the pollutants removal was observed in terms of color, turbidity, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Nevertheless, during phase II, a voltage gradient of 1.26 V/cm achieved up to 100%, 99.7%, 92%, 94.1%, and 96.5% removals in the EC-SMBR process in comparison with 95.1%, 95.4%, 85%, 91.7% and 74.2% removals in the SMBR process for turbidity, color, COD, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP), respectively. SMBR showed better anionic surfactant (AS) removal than EC-SMBR. A voltage gradient of 0.64 V/cm in the EC unit significantly reduced fouling by 23.7%, while 1.26 V/cm showed inconsistent results. Accumulation of Al ions negatively affected membrane performance. Low voltage gradients in EC can control SMBR fouling if Al concentration is controlled. Future research should investigate EC-SMBR with constant membrane flux for large-scale applications, considering energy consumption and operating costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Bani-Melhem
- Water Technology Unit (WTU), Center for Advanced Materials (CAM). Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Maria Elektorowicz
- Dept. of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 Blvd de Maisonneuve W., Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abeer Al Bsoul
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan
| | - Ahmed El Gendy
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Construction and Architectural Engineering, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India; Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, 32610, Malaysia.
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Alami AH, Ramadan M, Tawalbeh M, Haridy S, Al Abdulla S, Aljaghoub H, Ayoub M, Alashkar A, Abdelkareem MA, Olabi AG. A critical insight on nanofluids for heat transfer enhancement. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15303. [PMID: 37715011 PMCID: PMC10504275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There are numerous reports and publications in reputable scientific and engineering journals that attribute substantial enhancement in heat transfer capabilities for heat exchangers once they employ nanofluids as working fluids. By definition, a nanofluid is a working fluid that has a small volume fraction (5% or less) of a solid particle with dimensions in the nanoscale. The addition of this solid material has a reported significant impact on convective heat transfer in heat exchangers. This work investigates the significance of the reported enhancements in many recent related publications. Observations on these publications' geographical origins, fundamental heat transfer calculations, experimental setups and lack of potential applications are critically made. Heat transfer calculations based on methodologies outlined in random selection of available papers were conducted along with a statistical analysis show paradoxically inconsistent conclusion as well as an apparent lack of complete comprehension of convective heat transfer mechanism. In some of the surveyed literature for example, heat transfer coefficient enhancements were reported to be up to 27% and 48%, whereas the recalculations presented in this work restrain proclaimed enactments to ~ 3.5% and - 4% (no enhancement), respectively. This work aims at allowing a healthy scientific debate on whether nanofluids are the sole answer to enhancing convective heat transfer in heat exchangers. The quantity of literature that confirms the latter statement have an undeniable critical mass, but this volition could be stemming from and heading to the wrong direction. Finally, the challenges imposed by the physical nature of nanoparticles, as well as economic limitations caused by the high price of conventional nanoparticles such as gold (80$/g), diamond (35$/g), and silver (6$/g) that hinder their commercialization, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hai Alami
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohamad Ramadan
- School of Engineering, Lebanese International University LIU, Mazraa, P.O. Box: 146404, Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Engineering, International University of Beirut BIU, Mazraa, P.O. Box: 146404, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salah Haridy
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Benha Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, P.O. Box 13511, Benha, Egypt
| | - Shamma Al Abdulla
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Haya Aljaghoub
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamad Ayoub
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adnan Alashkar
- Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul Ghani Olabi
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Tawalbeh M, Mohammed S, Al-Othman A, Yusuf M, Mofijur M, Kamyab H. MXenes and MXene-based materials for removal of pharmaceutical compounds from wastewater: Critical review. Environ Res 2023; 228:115919. [PMID: 37072081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in the global population and its ever-rising standards of living are imposing a huge burden on global resources. Apart from the rising energy needs, the demand for freshwater is correspondingly increasing. A population of around 3.8 billion people will face water scarcity by 2030, as per the reports of the World Water Council. This may be due to global climate change and the deficiency in the treatment of wastewater. Conventional wastewater treatment technologies fail to completely remove several emerging contaminants, especially those containing pharmaceutical compounds. Hence, leading to an increase in the concentration of harmful chemicals in the human food chain and the proliferation of several diseases. MXenes are transition metal carbide/nitride ceramics that primarily structure the leading 2D material group. MXenes act as novel nanomaterials for wastewater treatment due to their high surface area, excellent adsorption properties, and unique physicochemical properties, such as high electrical conductivity and hydrophilicity. MXenes are highly hydrophilic and covered with active functional groups (i.e., hydroxyl, oxygen, fluorine, etc.), which makes them efficient adsorbents for a wide range of species and promising candidates for environmental remediation and water treatment. This work concludes that the scaling up process of MXene-based materials for water treatment is currently of high cost. The up-to-date applications are still limited because MXenes are currently produced mainly in the laboratory with limited yield. It is recommended to direct research efforts towards lower synthesis cost procedures coupled with the use of more environmentally friendly materials to avoid secondary contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Shima Mohammed
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery (IHR), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, 32610, Malaysia.
| | - M Mofijur
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India; Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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Bani-Melhem K, Al-Kilani MR, Tawalbeh M. Evaluation of scrap metallic waste electrode materials for the application in electrocoagulation treatment of wastewater. Chemosphere 2023; 310:136668. [PMID: 36209869 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The constant need for sacrificial electrodes is one of the limitations of applying the EC in wastewater treatment. Accordingly, this study proposes a sustainable alternative in reusing scrap metallic wastes as electrode materials. Four different types of metallic wastes (beverage cans, used aluminum (Al) foil, scrap iron, and scrap mild steel) are proposed as sacrificial electrodes for grey water (GW) treatment using the EC technique. At electrical current densities (CD) ranging between 5 and 20 mA/cm2, the treatment performance was evaluated for a reaction time of 10 min in terms of the removal efficiency of some key parameters such as color, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and electrical conductivity, energy and material consumption, and metal contamination of GW from electrodes. The results demonstrated that using metallic wastes as sacrificial electrodes can achieve a considerable reduction in color, turbidity, COD, and electric conductivity of about 97.2%, 99%, 88%, and 89%, respectively. However, their reuse as electrodes revealed some important concerns. Al foil undergoes quick and substantial perforation and loss of surface area during electrolysis. The scrap iron and scrap mild steel were found to cause metal contamination by increasing Fe ions in the treated GW. Generally, metal scrap wastes can serve effectively as alternative sustainable electrodes. However, further research is recommended regarding the operating costs, which are considered crucial aspects of the EC process in terms of energy consumption and the most efficient method of fabricating the metallic wastes into a form suitable for reuse in the EC technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Bani-Melhem
- Department of Water Management and Environment, Faculty of Prince El-Hassan Bin Talal for Natural Resources and Environment, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Rasool Al-Kilani
- Department of Land, Water and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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Al Bsoul A, Hailat M, Abdelhay A, Tawalbeh M, Al-Othman A, Al-Kharabsheh IN, Al-Taani AA. Corrigendum to "Efficient removal of phenol compounds from water environment using Ziziphus leaves adsorbent" [Sci. Total Environ. vol. 761, 20 March 2021, 143229]. Sci Total Environ 2022; 826:154308. [PMID: 35277273 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al Bsoul
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Hailat
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan
| | - Arwa Abdelhay
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, German Jordanian University, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Ahmed A Al-Taani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural & Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University, Jordan
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Al-Othman A, Tawalbeh M. Response to the Editor's letter: Comments on using of "pseudo-first-order kinetic model" [Sci. Total Environ. 750 (2021) 142370, 750 (2021) 141498, 761 (2021) 143229]. Sci Total Environ 2022; 826:154325. [PMID: 35248634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, UAE.
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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Alashkar A, Al-Othman A, Tawalbeh M, Qasim M. A Critical Review on the Use of Ionic Liquids in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Membranes 2022; 12:membranes12020178. [PMID: 35207099 PMCID: PMC8877517 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work provides a comprehensive review on the incorporation of ionic liquid (ILs) into polymer blends and their utilization as proton exchanges membranes (PEM). Various conventional polymers that incorporate ILs are discussed, such as Nafion, poly (vinylidene fluoride), polybenzimidazole, sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone), and sulfonated polyimide. The methods of synthesis of IL/polymer composite membranes are summarized and the role of ionic liquids as electrolytes and structure directing agents in PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs) is presented. In addition, the obstacles that are reported to impede the development of commercial polymerized IL membranes are highlighted in this work. The paper concludes that the presence of certain ILs can increase the conductivity of the PEM, and consequently, enhance the performance of PEMFCs. Nevertheless, the leakage of ILs from composite membranes as well as the limited long-term thermal and mechanical stability are considered as the main challenges that limit the employment of IL/polymer composite membranes in PEMFCs, especially for high-temperature applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Alashkar
- Materials Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates;
- Correspondence:
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates;
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Al Bsoul A, Hailat M, Abdelhay A, Tawalbeh M, Jum'h I, Bani-Melhem K. Corrigendum to "Treatment of olive mill effluent by adsorption on titanium oxide nanoparticles" [Science of the Total Environment volume 688, 20 October 2019, 1327-1334]. Sci Total Environ 2022; 805:150367. [PMID: 34818761 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al Bsoul
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Hailat
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan
| | - Arwa Abdelhay
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, German Jordanian University, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Inshad Jum'h
- School of Basic Sciences and Humanities, German Jordanian University, Jordan
| | - Khalid Bani-Melhem
- Department of Water Management and Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Hashemite University, Al-, Zarqa, Jordan
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Tawalbeh M, Al-Othman A, Salamah T, Alkasrawi M, Martis R, El-Rub ZA. A critical review on metal-based catalysts used in the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass materials. J Environ Manage 2021; 299:113597. [PMID: 34492435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the technical aspects of improving the efficiency of the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic materials to increase the yield of the main products, which are bio-oil, biochar, and syngas. The latest aspects of catalyst development in the biomass pyrolysis process are presented focusing on the various catalyst structures, the physical and chemical performance of the catalysts, and the mode of the catalytic reaction. In bio-oil upgrading, atmospheric catalytic cracking is shown to be more economical than catalytic hydrotreating. Catalysts help in the upgrading process by facilitating several reaction pathways such as polymerization, aromatization, and alkyl condensation. However, the grade of bio-oil must be similar to that of diesel fuel. Hence, the properties of the pyrolysis liquid such as viscosity, kinematic viscosity, density, and boiling point are important and have been highlighted. Switching between types of catalysts has a significant influence on the final product yields and exhibits different levels of durability. Various catalysts have been shown to enhance gas yield at the expense of the yields of bio-oil and biochar that shift the overall purpose of pyrolysis. Therefore, the catalytic activity as a function of temperature, pressure, and catalyst biomass ratio is discussed in detail. These operational parameters are crucial because they determine the overall yield as well as the ratio of the oil, char, and gas products. Although significant progress has been made in catalytic pyrolysis, the economic feasibility of the process and the catalyst cost remain the major obstacles. This review concludes that the catalytic process would be feasible when the fuel selling price is reduced to less than US $ 4 per gallon of gasoline-equivalent, and when the selectivity of catalysts is further enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tareq Salamah
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Malek Alkasrawi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53, USA.
| | - Remston Martis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ziad Abu El-Rub
- Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Department, German Jordanian University, Amman, 11180, Jordan
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Al Sharabati M, Abokwiek R, Al-Othman A, Tawalbeh M, Karaman C, Orooji Y, Karimi F. Biodegradable polymers and their nano-composites for the removal of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) from wastewater: A review. Environ Res 2021; 202:111694. [PMID: 34274334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) target the endocrine system by interfering with the natural hormones in the body leading to adverse effects on human and animal health. These chemicals have been identified as major polluting agents in wastewater effluents. Pharmaceuticals, personal care products, industrial compounds, pesticides, dyes, and heavy metals are examples of substances that could be considered endocrine active chemicals. In humans, these chemicals could cause obesity, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, autism, reproductive abnormalities, and thyroid problems. While in wildlife, dysfunctional gene expression could lead to the feminization of some aquatic organisms, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular risk, and problems in the reproductive system as well as its levels of hatchability and vitellogenin. EDCs could be effectively removed from wastewater using advanced technologies such as reverse osmosis, membrane treatment, ozonation, advanced oxidation, filtration, and biodegradation. However, adsorption has been proposed as a more promising and sustainable method for water treatment than any other reported technique. Increased attention has been paid to biodegradable polymers and their nano-composites as promising adsorbents for the removal of EDCs from wastewater. These polymers could be either natural, synthetic, or a combination of both. This review presents a summary of the most relevant cases where natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers have been used for the successful removal of EDCs from wastewater. It demonstrates the effectiveness of these polymers as favorable adsorbents for novel wastewater treatment technologies. Hitherto, very limited work has been published on the use of both natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers to remove EDCs from wastewater, as most of the studies focused on the utilization of only one type, either natural or synthetic. Therefore, this review could pave the way for future exploration of biodegradable polymers as promising and sustainable adsorbents for the removal of various types of pollutants from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miral Al Sharabati
- Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raed Abokwiek
- Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ceren Karaman
- Department of Electricity and Energy, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey.
| | - Yasin Orooji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Deparment of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
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Shams Jalbani N, Solangi AR, Memon S, Junejo R, Ali Bhatti A, Lütfi Yola M, Tawalbeh M, Karimi-Maleh H. Synthesis of new functionalized Calix[4]arene modified silica resin for the adsorption of metal ions: Equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic modeling studies. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Mohamed O, Al-Othman A, Al-Nashash H, Tawalbeh M, Almomani F, Rezakazemi M. Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanomaterial for implantable highly flexible composite bioelectrode for biosensing applications. Chemosphere 2021; 273:129680. [PMID: 33486350 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Implantable and stretchable electrodes have managed to progress the medical field from a medical diagnosis aspect to a patient treatment level. They offer the ability to detect biosignals and conduct electrical current to tissues that aid in muscle stimulation and axon regeneration. Current conventional electrodes are fabricated from stiff and very expensive, precious metals such as platinum. In this work, novel, low cost, and highly flexible electrode materials were fabricated based on titanium dioxide (TiO2) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) supported by a silicone polymer matrix. The electrode materials were characterized by their electrochemical, mechanical, and surface properties. The electrodes possessed high flexibility with Young's modulus of 235 kPa, revealing highly stretchable characteristics. The impedance at 1 kHz was around 114.6 kΩ, and the charge capacity was 1.23 mC/cm2. The fabricated electrodes appeared to have a smooth surface, as seen in the scanning electron microscope micrographs, compared with electrodes in the literature. Long-time stability tests revealed an overall decrease in impedance and an increase in the charge capacity up to 475% of the initial value within three weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Mohamed
- Biomedical Engineering MSBME, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hasan Al-Nashash
- Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
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Al Bsoul A, Hailat M, Abdelhay A, Tawalbeh M, Al-Othman A, Al-Kharabsheh IN, Al-Taani AA. Efficient removal of phenol compounds from water environment using Ziziphus leaves adsorbent. Sci Total Environ 2021; 761:143229. [PMID: 33160673 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Industrial processes generate toxic organic molecules that pollute environment water. Phenol and its derivative are classified among the major pollutant compounds found in water. They are naturally found in some industrial wastewater effluents. The removal of phenol compounds is therefore essential because they are responsible for severe organ damage if they exist above certain limits. In this study, ground Ziziphus leaves were utilized as adsorbents for phenolic compounds from synthetic wastewater samples. Several experiments were performed to study the effect of several conditions on the capacity of the Ziziphus leaves adsorbent, namely: the initial phenol concentration, the adsorbent concentration, temperature, pH value, and the presence of foreign salts (NaCl and KCl). The experimental results indicated that the adsorption process reached equilibrium in about 4 h. A drop in the amount of phenol removal, especially at higher initial concentration, was noticed upon increasing the temperature from 25 to 45 °C. This reflects the exothermic nature of the adsorption process. This was also confirmed by the calculated negative enthalpy of adsorption (-64.8 kJ/mol). A pH of 6 was found to be the optimum value at which the highest phenol removal occurred with around 15 mg/g at 25 °C for an initial concentration of 200 ppm. The presence of foreign salts has negatively affected the phenol adsorption process. The fitting of the experimental data, using different adsorption isotherms, indicated that the Harkins-Jura isotherm model was the best fit, evident by the high square of the correlation coefficient (R2) values greater than 0.96. The kinetic study revealed that the adsorption was represented by a pseudo-second-order reaction. The results of this study offer a basis to use Ziziphus leaves as promising adsorbents for efficient phenol removal from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al Bsoul
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Hailat
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan
| | - Arwa Abdelhay
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, German Jordanian University, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Ahmed A Al-Taani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural & Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University, Jordan
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Tawalbeh M, Al-Othman A, Kafiah F, Abdelsalam E, Almomani F, Alkasrawi M. Environmental impacts of solar photovoltaic systems: A critical review of recent progress and future outlook. Sci Total Environ 2021; 759:143528. [PMID: 33234276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) systems are regarded as clean and sustainable sources of energy. Although the operation of PV systems exhibits minimal pollution during their lifetime, the probable environmental impacts of such systems from manufacturing until disposal cannot be ignored. The production of hazardous contaminates, water resources pollution, and emissions of air pollutants during the manufacturing process as well as the impact of PV installations on land use are important environmental factors to consider. The present study aims at developing a comprehensive analysis of all possible environmental challenges as well as presenting novel design proposals to mitigate and solve the aforementioned environmental problems. The emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) from various PV systems were also explored and compared with fossil fuel energy resources. The results revealed that the negative environmental impacts of PV systems could be substantially mitigated using optimized design, development of novel materials, minimize the use of hazardous materials, recycling whenever possible, and careful site selection. Such mitigation actions will reduce the emissions of GHG to the environment, decrease the accumulation of solid wastes, and preserve valuable water resources. The carbon footprint emission from PV systems was found to be in the range of 14-73 g CO2-eq/kWh, which is 10 to 53 orders of magnitude lower than emission reported from the burning of oil (742 g CO2-eq/kWh from oil). It was concluded that the carbon footprint of the PV system could be decreased further by one order of magnitude using novel manufacturing materials. Recycling solar cell materials can also contribute up to a 42% reduction in GHG emissions. The present study offers a valuable management strategy that can be used to improve the sustainability of PV manufacturing processes, improve its economic value, and mitigate its negative impacts on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department (SREE), University of Sharjah, P. O. Box: 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Feras Kafiah
- Electrical and Energy Engineering Department, Al Hussein Technical University, Amman 11831, Jordan.
| | - Emad Abdelsalam
- Electrical and Energy Engineering Department, Al Hussein Technical University, Amman 11831, Jordan.
| | - Fares Almomani
- Chemical Engineering Department, Qatar University, Qatar.
| | - Malek Alkasrawi
- Paper Science & Chemical Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin Stevens Point, WI 54481, USA.
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15
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Tawalbeh M, Al-Ismaily M, Kruczek B, Tezel FH. Modeling the transport of CO 2, N 2, and their binary mixtures through highly permeable silicalite-1 membranes using Maxwell-Stefan equations. Chemosphere 2021; 263:127935. [PMID: 32810774 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main contributor to global warming; therefore, research efforts aim at its capture. Membranes, in particular, zeolite membranes offer a promising approach for CO2 separation and capture. Membranes are typically characterized by their selectivity and permeance that are highly dependent on the operating conditions namely, total feed pressure and composition. Therefore, more reliable characterization parameters are required such as Maxwell- Stefan exchange diffusivities. In this work, a model based on Maxwell-Stefan equations and Extended Langmuir isotherm was developed to investigate the transport of binary mixtures of CO2 and N2 through thin silicalite-1 membranes. The exchange diffusivities, D12 and D21, of CO2 and N2 were determined at different total feed pressures and feed compositions. All gas separation tests were conducted at stage cut not exceeding 5%. The single component diffusivities of CO2 and N2 required by the model were found experimentally using the results of the respective single gas permeation tests. The results displayed that as CO2 concentration in the feed increased from 15% to 85%, the values of D12 and D21 decreased from 2.8 × 10-10 to 1.1 × 10-10 m2/s and 2.8 × 10-10 to 1.3 × 10-10 m2/s, respectively, while the N2 permeance decreased by about one order of magnitude from 2.7 × 10-7 to 2.4 × 10-8 mol/m2.s.Pa. Consequently, the exchange diffusivities showed considerably smaller dependence on the operating conditions compared to the permselectivity and permeance. Hence, they are more appropriate in describing the intrinsic transport characteristics of silicalite-1 membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mukhtar Al-Ismaily
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Street, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Boguslaw Kruczek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Street, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - F Handan Tezel
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
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16
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Al-Qodah Z, Tawalbeh M, Al-Shannag M, Al-Anber Z, Bani-Melhem K. Combined electrocoagulation processes as a novel approach for enhanced pollutants removal: A state-of-the-art review. Sci Total Environ 2020; 744:140806. [PMID: 32717462 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach using the integration of electrocoagulation, with one or more treatment processes has been recently practiced to improve the removal of colloidal and non-biodegradable pollutants. Several treatment processes including adsorption, chemical coagulation, magnetic field, reverse osmosis, and membrane filtration have been combined with electrocoagulation treatment step to improve pollutants removal efficiency. These combined systems showed the potential to improve the performance of the treatment process. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review for the recent processes available in the literature that combine treatment electrocoagulation with one of the previously mentioned treatment processes. It is found that the removal efficiency of any combined processes is higher than that of any single treatment process and the combined process has up to 20% higher removal efficiency compared to electrocoagulation alone. However, most reported studies were conducted at bench-scale level with synthetic wastewater instead of real wastewater. The main aspects of these combined systems including process mechanism, kinetic models, cost and the scale up of combined processes were discussed and summarized. Finally, several concluding remarks were drawn in view of the literature investigations and the gaps that suggest more studies and insights for future development were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Al-Qodah
- Chemical Engineering Department, Al-Balqa Applied University, 11134 Amman, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohammad Al-Shannag
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, 11942 Amman, Jordan; Jordan Uranium Mining Company, 11953 Amman, Jordan.
| | - Zaid Al-Anber
- Chemical Engineering Department, Al-Balqa Applied University, 11134 Amman, Jordan
| | - Khalid Bani-Melhem
- Department of Water Management and Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, The Hashemite University, Al-Zarqa, Jordan
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Alami AH, Abu Hawili A, Tawalbeh M, Hasan R, Al Mahmoud L, Chibib S, Mahmood A, Aokal K, Rattanapanya P. Materials and logistics for carbon dioxide capture, storage and utilization. Sci Total Environ 2020; 717:137221. [PMID: 32062241 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The efforts to curtail carbon dioxide presence in the atmosphere are a strong function of the available technologies to capture, store and usefully utilize it. Materials with adequate CO2 sorption kinetics that are both effective and economical are of prime importance for the whole capture system to be built around. This work identifies such materials that are currently used in CO2 adsorption beds/columns at different global locations, along with their vital operational parameters, logistics and costs. Three main classes of materials currently in use to that end are discussed in detail here, namely solid sorbents, advanced solvents membrane systems. These materials are then compared in terms of their potential CO2 uptake, operating parameters and ease of use and implementation of the respective technology. Tabular data are appended to each technology covered with the most relevant advantages and disadvantages. With such comprehensive survey of the recent state-of-the-art materials, recommendations are also made to facilitate the selection of systems based on their CO2 yield, price and suitability to the geographical location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hai Alami
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Center for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute of Science and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rita Hasan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lana Al Mahmoud
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara Chibib
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anfal Mahmood
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kamilia Aokal
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute of Science and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pawarin Rattanapanya
- Chemical Engineering Department, Khonkaen University, PO Box 40000, Khonkaen, Thailand
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18
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Al-Bsoul A, Al-Shannag M, Tawalbeh M, Al-Taani AA, Lafi WK, Al-Othman A, Alsheyab M. Optimal conditions for olive mill wastewater treatment using ultrasound and advanced oxidation processes. Sci Total Environ 2020; 700:134576. [PMID: 31706092 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of olive mill wastewater (OMW) in Jordan was investigated in this work using ultrasound oxidation (sonolysis) combined with other advanced oxidation processes such as ultraviolet radiation, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and titanium oxide (TiO2) catalyst. The efficiency of the combined oxidation process was evaluated based on the changes in the chemical oxygen demand (COD). The results showed that 59% COD removal was achieved within 90 min in the ultrasound /UV/TiO2 system. A more significant synergistic effect was observed on the COD removal efficiency when a combination of US/UV/TiO2 (sonophotocatalytic) processes was used at low ultrasound frequency. The results were then compared with the COD values obtained when each of these processes was used individually. The effects of different operating conditions such as, ultrasound power, initial COD concentration, the concentration of TiO2, frequency of ultrasound, and temperature on the OMW oxidation efficiency were studied and evaluated. The effect of adding a radical scavenger (sodium carbonate) on the OMW oxidation efficiency was investigated. The results showed that the sonophotocatalytic oxidation of OMW was affected by the initial COD, acoustic power, temperature and TiO2 concentration. The sonophotocatalytic oxidation of OMW increased with increasing the ultrasound power, temperature and H2O2 concentration. Sonolysis at frequency of 40 kHz combined with photocatalysis was not observed to have a significant effect on the OMW oxidation compared to sonication at frequency of 20 kHz. It was also found that the OMW oxidation was suppressed by the presence of the radical scavenger. The COD removal efficiency increased slightly with the increase of TiO2 concentration up to certain point due to the formation of oxidizing species. At ultrasound frequency of 20 kHz, considerable COD reduction of OMW was reported, indicating the effectiveness of the combined US/UV/TiO2 process for the OMW treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al-Bsoul
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan.
| | - Mohammad Al-Shannag
- The University of Jordan, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Chemical Engineering Department, 11942 Amman, Jordan.
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ahmed A Al-Taani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural & Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University, Jordan.
| | - Walid K Lafi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Marka, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohammad Alsheyab
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, Qatar; Planning and Statistics Authority, Doha, Qatar.
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19
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Ashkanani A, Almomani F, Khraisheh M, Bhosale R, Tawalbeh M, AlJaml K. Bio-carrier and operating temperature effect on ammonia removal from secondary wastewater effluents using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). Sci Total Environ 2019; 693:133425. [PMID: 31362224 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of bio-carriers' surface area and shape, wastewater chemistry and operating temperature on ammonia removal from real wastewater effluents using Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) operated with three different AnoxKaldness bio-carriers (K3, K5, and M). The study concludes the surface area loading rate, specific surface area, and shape of bio-carrier affect ammonia removal under real conditions. MBBR kinetics and sensitivity for temperature changes were affected by bio-carrier type. High surface area bio-carriers resulted in low ammonia removal and bio-carrier clogging. Significant ammonia removals of 1.420 ± 0.06 and 1.103 ± 0.06 g - N/m2. d were achieved by K3(As = 500 m2/m3) at 35 and 20 °C, respectively. Lower removals were obtained by high surface area bio-carrier K5 (1.123 ± 0.06 and 0.920 ± 0.06 g - N/m2. d) and M (0.456 ± 0.05 and 0.295 ± 0.05 g - N/m2. d) at 35 and 20 °C, respectively. Theta model successfully represents ammonia removal kinetics with θ values of 1.12, 1.06 and 1.13 for bio-carrier K3, K5 and M respectively. MBBR technology is a feasible choice for treatment of real wastewater effluents containing high ammonia concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ashkanani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Majeda Khraisheh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rahul Bhosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled AlJaml
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Al Bsoul A, Hailat M, Abdelhay A, Tawalbeh M, Jum'h I, Bani-Melhem K. Treatment of olive mill effluent by adsorption on titanium oxide nanoparticles. Sci Total Environ 2019; 688:1327-1334. [PMID: 31726562 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Olive mills wastewater (OMW) causes a serious environmental problem in the olive oil producing countries. This is due to its high organic matter content (COD), acidic pH values, suspended solids and high content of phytotoxic and antibacterial phenolic compounds. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO2) as an adsorbent to reduce the COD value of the olive mill wastewater was investigated. Several variables were studied including the removal efficiency, effect of the initial COD value, amount of TiO2, temperature and pH value. The results revealed that the adsorption reached equilibrium within <120 min. Isotherm studies showed that the adsorption equilibrium data is in agreement with Freundlich isotherm. In addition, the results showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. The kinetic study indicated that adsorption did follow a pseudo-second order reaction. Variation of the amount of the TiO2 showed that using of 1.5 and 2 g/L of TiO2 caused the COD to drop from 1000 ppm to about 100 ppm (equilibrium concentration) in about 120 min. However, the use of 1 g/L of TiO2 exhibited almost the same effect on the COD-uptake, and the equilibrium concentration was about 400 ppm. The COD uptake was found to be inversely proportional with the temperature, pH value and the addition of salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al Bsoul
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Hailat
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Huson University College, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan
| | - Arwa Abdelhay
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, German Jordanian University, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Inshad Jum'h
- School of Basic Sciences and Humanities, German Jordanian University, Jordan
| | - Khalid Bani-Melhem
- Department of Water Management and Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Hashemite University, Al-Zarqa, Jordan
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Tawalbeh M, Tezel FH, Al-Ismaily M, Kruczek B. Highly permeable tubular silicalite-1 membranes for CO 2 capture. Sci Total Environ 2019; 676:305-320. [PMID: 31048162 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Membranes represent one of the most promising alternatives for CO2 separation and capture. Zeolites membranes, in particular, that can withstand high temperatures and pressures, offer energy efficient way to capture CO2 compared to conventional separation techniques such as amine absorption. In this work, silicalite-1/ceramic composite membranes were prepared on the inner surface of zirconium oxide and/or titanium oxide tubular supports by a pore plugging hydrothermal synthesis. Five types of supports with different pore sizes ranging from 0.14 to 1.4 μm, were studied. The synthesized membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron diffraction spectrometer (EDS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and gas permeation with pure and mixed gas feeds. All membranes showed high concentrations of Si within the active layer of the support, suggesting successful pore-plugging of the membranes. The greater the pore size of the active layer of the support, the greater was the concentration of Si observed. In addition, large coffin-shape crystals, which are characteristics of silicalite-1, were also observed on top of each membrane. The analysis of XRD micrographs revealed that the crystals were mostly oriented with either the a- or b-axes perpendicular to the membrane surface, which is desirable from the point of view of minimizing the resistance to gas transport through the zeolite membrane. Except for the membranes synthesized using the supports with 0.14 μm pores, all membranes were very selective with CO2/N2 permselectivities up to 30 at low-pressure differentials. At the same time, the membranes were very permeable with CO2 permeance in the order of 10-6 mol m-2 Pa-1 s-1. Assuming the thickness of the selective layer to be equivalent to the thickness of the active layer of the support, all membranes fell above the revised Robeson upper-bound line for CO2/N2 separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O.Box: 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - F Handan Tezel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Street, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - M Al-Ismaily
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Street, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Boguslaw Kruczek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Street, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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Almomani F, Al Ketife A, Judd S, Shurair M, Bhosale RR, Znad H, Tawalbeh M. Impact of CO 2 concentration and ambient conditions on microalgal growth and nutrient removal from wastewater by a photobioreactor. Sci Total Environ 2019; 662:662-671. [PMID: 30703724 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration and the release of nutrients from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are environmental issues linked to several impacts on ecosystems. Numerous technologies have been employed to resolves these issues, nonetheless, the cost and sustainability are still a concern. Recently, the use of microalgae appears as a cost-effective and sustainable solution because they can effectively uptake CO2 and nutrients resulting in biomass production that can be processed into valuable products. In this study single (Spirulina platensis (SP.PL) and mixed indigenous microalgae (MIMA) strains were employed, over a 20-month period, for simultaneous removal of CO2 from flue gases and nutrient from wastewater under ambient conditions of solar irradiation and temperature. The study was performed at a pilot scale photo-bioreactor and the effect of feed CO2 gas concentration in the range (2.5-20%) on microalgae growth and biomass production, carbon dioxide bio-fixation rate, and the removal of nutrients and organic matters from wastewater was assessed. The MIMA culture performed significantly better than the monoculture, especially with respect to growth and CO2 bio-fixation, during the mild season; against this, the performance was comparable during the hot season. Optimum performance was observed at 10% CO2 feed gas concentration, though MIMA was more temperature and CO2 concentration sensitive. MIMA also provided greater removal of COD and nutrients (~83% and >99%) than SP.PL under all conditions studied. The high biomass productivities and carbon bio-fixation rates (0.796-0.950 gdw·L-1·d-1 and 0.542-1.075 gC·L-1·d-1 contribute to the economic sustainability of microalgae as CO2 removal process. Consideration of operational energy revealed that there is a significant energy benefit from cooling to sustain the highest productivities on the basis of operating energy alone, particularly if the indigenous culture is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P.O Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ahmed Al Ketife
- Gas Processing Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Simon Judd
- Gas Processing Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, United Kingdom of Great Britain
| | - Mohamed Shurair
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P.O Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rahul R Bhosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P.O Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hussein Znad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Baqain Z, Sawair F, Tawalbeh M, Abed M, Rawashdeh B. Prevalence of temporomandibuar joint disorders in patients with otologic complaints. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.04.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Aburuz S, Bulatova N, Tawalbeh M. Skin prick test reactivity to aeroallergens in Jordanian allergic rhinitis patients. East Mediterr Health J 2011. [DOI: 10.26719/2011.17.7.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Aburuz S, Bulatova N, Tawalbeh M. Skin prick test reactivity to aeroallergens in Jordanian allergic rhinitis patients. East Mediterr Health J 2011; 17:604-610. [PMID: 21972485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Identification of the most common aeroallergens to which patients are sensitized in a specific area is important in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the pattern of skin prick test reactivity to various aeroallergens among allergic rhinitis patients attending outpatient clinics in Amman, Jordan. Skin prick test with 18 standardized allergen extracts was performed on 538 patients. Most allergic rhinitis patients in the study sample had polysensitization. Grasses mix (51.4% of patients), thistleweed (46.9%) and olive tree (45.3%) pollens were the most common allergens in this group of patients (all seasonal). Cat allergen was the most common perennial allergen (41.6%), followed by dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (32.9%). These allergens should be given the highest priority when educating allergic rhinitis patients in Amman regarding allergen avoidance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aburuz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordon.
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Tawalbeh M, Allawzi MA, Kandah MI. Production of Activated Carbon from Jojoba Seed Residue by Chemical Activation Residue Using a Static Bed Reactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2005.482.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Nawasreh O, Momani O, Tawalbeh M. Pre-Operative Versus Post-Operative Peritonsillar Infiltration with Local Anesthetic on Post-Tonsillectomy Pain. Qatar Med J 2002. [DOI: 10.5339/qmj.2002.2.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To compare the efficacy of either preoperative or postoperative peritonsillar infiltration of local anesthetic upon posttonsillectomy pain, 70patients aged 15/40 years scheduled for elective tonsillectomy under general anesthesia were divided into three groups. Six patients were excluded for failure to complete the postoperative data, two patients had post-operative bleeding and two patients developed otitis media on the second day postoperatively.
Twenty patients received peritonsillar infiltration with 0.25% bupivacaine, twenty received 0.9% saline and a third group of twenty had peritonsillar infiltration with 0.25% bupivacaine after completion of surgery but before being awakened from anesthesia. Significant changes occurred with bupivacaine infiltration in reducing pain during the first 24 hours after surgery.
It is concluded that preoperative and postoperative blocking of nociceptive impulses reduces postoperative pain but causes no reduction in the intake of analgesics. It is further suggested that the timing of peritonsillar infiltration with bupivacaine is not of clinical importance and does not affect the quality of postoperative analgesia in a patient undergoing tonsillectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Nawasreh
- Prince Rashid Bin Al Hassan Hospital, Jordan
| | - O. Momani
- Prince Rashid Bin Al Hassan Hospital, Jordan
| | - M. Tawalbeh
- Prince Rashid Bin Al Hassan Hospital, Jordan
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