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Öztürk A, Tosun E, Meral SE, Baştan FE, Üstel F, Kan B, Avcu E. The effects of diode and Er:YAG laser applications on the surface topography of titanium grade 4 and titanium zirconium discs with sand-blasted and acid-etched (SLA) surfaces. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 125:101680. [PMID: 37951501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laser application for the treatment of peri‑implantitis provides a variety of advantages; however, depending on the laser type and parameters, it may also have adverse effects on the implant surface qualities. This study's objective is to assess the effects of laser type and parameters on the surface properties of two different titanium-based implant materials: titanium Grade 4 (Ti-Grade 4) and titanium zirconium (Ti-Zr) discs with sand-blasted and acid-etched (SLA) surfaces under in vitro conditions. MATERIAL & METHOD Sand-blasted and acid-etched discs made of titanium grade 4 (Ti-Grade 4) and titanium zirconium (Ti-Zr) were treated using 808 nm AlGaAs (diode) and 2940 nm Er:YAG lasers with varying parameters (i.e., diode laser in continuous wave mode, Er:YAG in short pulse mode, and Er:YAG in variable square pulse mode with four different doses). Then, the surface morphology and topography of the treated discs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and optical profilometry. RESULTS The 3D surface topographies of discs treated with a high power Er:YAG laser displayed irregular peaks and deep valleys, indicating surface deterioration. The average surface roughness values (Sa) of both discs varied with laser type and parameters (3.55-4.80 µm for Ti-Grade 4 versus 3.25-4.5 µm for Ti-Zr). With diode laser applications, the topography features of the discs were preserved despite a small number of irregular valleys and peaks. However, the surface morphologies of the discs were dramatically altered by erosion and local melting because of the Er:YAG laser treatment. CONCLUSION Diode laser application appears to be the most reliable method for treating peri‑implantitis, as diode laser-treated implants retained their overall surface quality despite a small number of irregular peaks and valleys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anıl Öztürk
- DDS, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Tosun
- DDS, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salih Eren Meral
- DDS, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Erdem Baştan
- Sakarya University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Metallurgy and Materials, Engineering, Thermal Spray Research and Development Laboratory, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Üstel
- Sakarya University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Thermal Spray Research and Development Laboratory, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Kan
- DDS, Okan University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Egemen Avcu
- Kocaeli University, Ford Otosan İhsaniye Automotive Vocational School, Machine and Metal Technologies, Surface Treatment Laboratory, 41680, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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Zhang Y, Huang J, Huang L, Peng L, Wang X, Zhang Q, Zeng Y, Yang J, Li Z, Sun X, Liang S. Atypical characteristic changes of surface morphology and structural covariance network in developmental dyslexia. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:2261-2270. [PMID: 37996775 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by difficulties with all aspects of information acquisition in the written word, including slow and inaccurate word recognition. The neural basis behind DD has not been fully elucidated. METHOD The study included 22 typically developing (TD) children, 16 children with isolated spelling disorder (SpD), and 20 children with DD. The cortical thickness, folding index, and mean curvature of Broca's area, including the triangular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFGtriang) and the opercular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus, were assessed to explore the differences of surface morphology among the TD, SpD, and DD groups. Furthermore, the structural covariance network (SCN) of the triangular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus was analyzed to explore the changes of structural connectivity in the SpD and DD groups. RESULTS The DD group showed higher curvature and cortical folding of the left IFGtriang than the TD group and SpD group. In addition, compared with the TD group and the SpD group, the structural connectivity between the left IFGtriang and the left middle-frontal gyrus and the right mid-orbital frontal gyrus was increased in the DD group, and the structural connectivity between the left IFGtriang and the right precuneus and anterior cingulate was decreased in the DD group. CONCLUSION DD had atypical structural connectivity in brain regions related to visual attention, memory and which might impact the information input and integration needed for reading and spelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cognitive Rehabilitation, Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Jiayang Huang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Li Huang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Lixin Peng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Junchao Yang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Zuanfang Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Xi Sun
- College of Information Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, China
| | - Shengxiang Liang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cognitive Rehabilitation, Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
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Liu Z, Dong H, Chen Z, Wang L. Tunable evaporation-induced surface morphologies on chitosan film for light management. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130800. [PMID: 38548501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The surface morphologies of polymer films have been used to improve the performance or enable new applications of films, such as controllable adhesion, shape morphing and light management. However, complicated and destructive methods were applied to produce surface morphologies on chitosan (CS) film. To overcome this challenge, we report an evaporation-induced self-assembly to form the tunable morphologies on the surface of short-chain chitosan film by varying the evaporation rates that influence the aggregation behavior of polymer chains between order and disorder. It enables the simple, tunable and scalable fabrication of surface morphologies on CS film (CS solution concentration: 2 wt%, drying from room temperature (RT) to 80 °C) that provides controllable haze (3-74 %) and high transmittance (>85 %) for the production of hazy and transparent window coatings. This simple approach to producing tunable surface morphologies could inspire the synthesis of multifunctional polymer films with different surface structures, whose applications can be extended to cell culture interfaces, flexible bioelectronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqi Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Han Dong
- Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China.
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Mansoor A, Mansoor E, Mehmood M, Hassan SMU, Shah AU, Asjid U, Ishtiaq M, Jamal A, Rai A, Palma PJ. Novel microbial synthesis of titania nanoparticles using probiotic Bacillus coagulans and its role in enhancing the microhardness of glass ionomer restorative materials. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-024-00921-5. [PMID: 38554219 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00921-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Dental caries is a commonly occurring non-communicable disease throughout the world that might compromise the quality of any individual's life. Glass ionomer cements (GIC) are the most acceptable restorative materials due to their ease of manipulation, minimal tooth loss and least invasive strategy; however, they lack mechanical stability that has become a point of concern. Nanoparticles (NPs) are an outstanding option for modifying and enhancing the properties of dental materials. The focus of this study was to prepare novel, biocompatible titania dioxide (TiO2) NPs as a dental-restorative material using an efficient probiotic Bacillus coagulans. The prepared NPs were incorporated into glass ionomer restorative material at varying concentrations and investigated for cell viability percentage, microhardness and surface morphology. Results indicated that pure 100% anatase phase TiO2 NPs with particle size of 21.84 nm arranged in smooth, spherical agglomerates and clusters forms. These NPs depicted cell viability > 90%, thus confirming their non-cytotoxic behavior. GIC restorative materials reinforced by 5% titania (TiO2) NPs demonstrated the highest microhardness in comparison to the control group and other experimental groups of the study. Surface morphology analysis revealed a reduction in cracks in this novel dental-restorative material supporting its compatible biological nature with better hardness strength and negligible crack propagation. Overall, these results indicated that TiO2 NPs produced using a biological approach could be easily used as restorative materials in dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsheen Mansoor
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- Department of Dental Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, 44080, Pakistan
| | - Emaan Mansoor
- Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Mehmood
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Mujtaba Ul Hassan
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Atta Ullah Shah
- Department of Materials, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Asjid
- Department of Materials, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishtiaq
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Asif Jamal
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Akhilesh Rai
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Palma
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Cheng J, Liu Y, Xu C, Xu J, Sun M. Study on the influence of pore water pressure on shear mechanical properties and fracture surface morphology of sandstone. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5761. [PMID: 38459079 PMCID: PMC10923814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
To further investigate the weakening effect of pore water pressure on intact rock mechanics properties and characteristics of fracture surface after failure, direct shear tests of sandstone were conducted under different pore pressure. A 3D scanner was employed to digitize the morphology of the post-shear fracture surface. The variogram function was applied to quantify the anisotropic characteristics of post-shear fracture surface. The relationship between deformation during shear failure of intact rock and quantitative parameters of fracture surface after shear failure was initially established. It can be found that amplitudes of the sinusoidal surface determine the maximum value of variogram, and period affect lag distance that reach the maximum value of variogram. Test results revealed that the increase of pore pressure has obvious weakening effect on shear strength and deformation of rock. Moreover, the increase of pore pressure makes the shear fracture surface flatter. It can be obtained that both Sillmax and Rangemax are positively related to shear strain, but negatively related to normal strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Cheng
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-Founded By Shandong Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mine, Maanshan, 243071, China.
- Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd, Maanshan, 243071, China.
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 342399, China.
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-Founded By Shandong Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
| | - Chuanhua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mine, Maanshan, 243071, China
- Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd, Maanshan, 243071, China
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Mingzhi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mine, Maanshan, 243071, China
- Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd, Maanshan, 243071, China
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Pratap B, Patel VK. Synergy of hybridization of bauhinia vahlii and kenaf fiber on mechanical and sliding wear properties of epoxy composites: A Grey Taguchi Optimization Study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25868. [PMID: 38356498 PMCID: PMC10865334 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The present research work aims to develop Bauhinia vahlii fibre epoxy composites with incorporation of different weight percentage (wt%) of kenaf fiber as secondary reinforcement to elevate the mechanical and wear properties of prepared composites (through hand layup method). Higher value of mechanical properties like tensile strength-114.85 MPa, flexural strength- 64.64 MPa, and hardness- 57.2 Hv are achieved for bauhina vahlii-epoxy composites. In case of hybrid composites, tensile strength-161.92 MPa; flexural strength- 93.28 MPa; and hardness- 76.0Hv for bauhinia vahlii/kenaf-epoxy composites at 10 wt% of fiber reinforcement. The design of experiment is developed by Taguchi L9 orthogonal array to optimize the experimental run with three control factors; sliding velocity, fiber wt%, and normal load. In order to assess the multiple responses, the fabricated composite is analysed by Grey-Taguchi method with optimal factor setting to improve the output responses i.e. specific wear rate, tensile strength, flexural strength, and hardness. The optimal parameters which highly affect the properties of composites are sliding velocity (2.5 m/s), fiber wt% (10 wt %), and normal load (15 N). In wear mechanism analysis of composites by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it is demonstrated that the synergy of hybridization of bauhinia vahlii and kenaf fiber improved the mechanical and wear properties of composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Pratap
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Engineering & Technology Ghurdauri, Pauri, Uttarakhand, 246194, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Patel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Engineering & Technology Ghurdauri, Pauri, Uttarakhand, 246194, India
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Chanchamnan S, Kim JS, Im H, Kim HJ, Heng L, Mun SD. Magnetism-enhanced biomaterial Mg guide wire by MAP process for development of catheter insertion. Med Eng Phys 2024; 124:104098. [PMID: 38418027 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2023.104098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The surface topography of implant tools has indicated an interfacial contact in degradation still being discovered; however, the glossy texture of a tiny magnesium wire is important for absorbable medical devices. This paper investigated the alterations of surface quality by a magnetic abrasive polishing method using a rotational magnetic field-assisted system with input parameters of revolution, abrasive media, magnetic pole, flux density, vibration, and amplitude that could noticeably enhance asperities along a sample. Furthermore, the blood flow simulation is used to analyze flow within blood vessels while maintaining the surface roughness conditions of the guide wire. The results are compared and discussed. Magnetic field simulation is employed to investigate the magnetic field strength in the polishing zone. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) provides visual aids for recognizing the differences between pre-and post-workpieces of magnesium wire. The experimental results reveal that a wire diameter of 0.50 mm predominantly achieves surface morphology from the initial roughness of 0.22 μm to 0.05 μm. The results corroborate that the distribution of blood in the circulatory system was relatively stable. Hence, this study establishes a crucial benchmark for the precision polishing of ultra-thin magnesium wires, which is vital for their use as high-precision biodegradable medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sieb Chanchamnan
- Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering of Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Su Kim
- Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering of Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongcheol Im
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Joong Kim
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Lida Heng
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Mun
- Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering of Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea; Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
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Ahad A, Podder J, Saha T, Das HN. Effect of chromium doping on the band gap tuning of titanium dioxide thin films for solar cell applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23096. [PMID: 38163161 PMCID: PMC10754868 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
A simple and inexpensive spray pyrolysis deposition (SPD) approach was used to produce TiO2 and Cr (2-8) at.%-doped TiO2 thin films. To explore the morphological features of the films, FE-SEM micrographs were used and found that 6 and 8 at.% TiO2:Cr films had fibrous patterns with diameters of 0.45 and 0.78 μm, respectively, while the remainder of the films were agglomerated particles. From X-ray diffraction investigation, it was found that the TiO2 thin films had an anatase crystal phase (tetragonal) up to 6 at.% Cr doping, while an anatase-rutile mixed crystalline phase was identified for 8 at.% Cr doping. The crystallite size of the pristine TiO2 film was 35 nm, while for TiO2:Cr films, it ranges from 35 to 46 nm. The Fizeau fringes technique was employed to measure the thickness of the TiO2 film and 165 nm was found for pristine TiO2 and 164-180 nm for TiO2:Cr films. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to study optical properties such as absorbance, refractive index, optical band gap, dielectric constant, and optical conductivity. As the Cr concentration increases, the optical band gap decreases from 3.40 eV to 2.70 eV. Using the four-point probe method, it was found that the resistivity changes with temperature and is also affected by the Cr content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Ahad
- Department of Physics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Department of Physics, Comilla University, Comilla, 3506, Bangladesh
| | - Jiban Podder
- Department of Physics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Tusar Saha
- American International University-Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
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Cholkar A, Chatterjee S, Jose F, O’Connor R, McCarthy É, Weston N, Kinahan D, Brabazon D. Parametric investigation of ultrashort pulsed laser surface texturing on aluminium alloy 7075 for hydrophobicity enhancement. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 2024; 130:4169-4186. [PMID: 38283951 PMCID: PMC10810958 DOI: 10.1007/s00170-024-12971-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Hydrophobicity plays a pivotal role in mitigating surface fouling, corrosion, and icing in critical marine and aerospace environments. By employing ultrafast laser texturing, the characteristic properties of a material's surface can be modified. This work investigates the potential of an advanced ultrafast laser texturing manufacturing process to enhance the hydrophobicity of aluminium alloy 7075. The surface properties were characterized using goniometry, 3D profilometry, SEM, and XPS analysis. The findings from this study show that the laser process parameters play a crucial role in the manufacturing of the required surface structures. Numerical optimization with response surface optimization was conducted to maximize the contact angle on these surfaces. The maximum water contact angle achieved was 142º, with an average height roughness (Sa) of 0.87 ± 0.075 µm, maximum height roughness (Sz) of 19.4 ± 2.12 µm, and texture aspect ratio of 0.042. This sample was manufactured with the process parameters of 3W laser power, 0.08 mm hatch distance, and a 3 mm/s scan speed. This study highlights the importance of laser process parameters in the manufacturing of the required surface structures and presents a parametric modeling approach that can be used to optimize the laser process parameters to obtain a specific surface morphology and hydrophobicity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00170-024-12971-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Cholkar
- I-Form, Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suman Chatterjee
- I-Form, Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Feljin Jose
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert O’Connor
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Éanna McCarthy
- I-Form, Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nick Weston
- Renishaw Edinburgh, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP UK
| | - David Kinahan
- I-Form, Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dermot Brabazon
- I-Form, Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
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Anwar FS, Abdel-Malek AR, Salem SH, Farouk M, Ali MF, Abdelrady YA, Sayed AM. In vitro and In silico assessment of antischistosomal activities of ethanolic extract of Cornulacamonacantha. Exp Parasitol 2023; 254:108631. [PMID: 37820894 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is the second most prevailing parasitic disease worldwide. Although praziquantel is considered an effective drug in the treatment against schistosomiasis to some extent, there is an emerging drug resistance that widely recorded. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective and safe anti-schistosomal drugs. In this study, Cornulaca monacantha (C. monacantha), a sub-saharan plant, was extracted using aqueous ethanol and characterized by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Major constituents of the extract are belonging to flavonoids, tannins and phenolic glycosides. Worms' viability and surface morphology of Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) adult worms treated with the extract were assessed using in vitro viability assay, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and histological examination. The extract (80-350 μg/ml) reduced viability percentage of worms by 40-60% and caused degeneration of both oral and ventral suckers, tegumental, sub-tegumental and muscular damage. Molecular docking approach was utilized to assess the binding affinities of the extracted compounds with S. mansoni alpha-carbonic anhydrase (SmCA), an essential tegument protein. Pharmacokinetic analysis using SwissADME showed that 7 compounds have high drug similarity. This study confirms the in vitro schistomicidal activity of C. monacantha extract against S. mansoni adult worms and suggests potential SmCA inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- FatmaA S Anwar
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516, Egypt
| | | | - Shimaa H Salem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Farouk
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, New Valley University, 72511, Egypt
| | - Marwa F Ali
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Yousef A Abdelrady
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt; University of Hamburg, Institute of Pharmacy, 20146, Germany
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516, Egypt.
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11
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Srinivasa Perumal KP, Selvarajan L, Manikandan KP, Velmurugan C. Mechanical, tribological, and surface morphological studies on the effects of hybrid ilmenite and silicon dioxide fillers on glass fibre reinforced epoxy composites. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 146:106095. [PMID: 37678105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, researchers have been attempting to enhance the mechanical and tribological characteristics of thermosetting epoxy composites by incorporating inorganic nanoparticles and ensuring their uniform distribution throughout the matrix. This study characterises ball-milled ilmenite (FeTiO3-size of 63 nm) and silicon dioxide (SiO2-size of 67.5 nm) fillers added to epoxy in proportions of 0:0, 2.5:2.5, 5:5, and 7.5:7.5% by weight. A liquid ultrasonic technique is used to blend the fillers with the epoxy, and compression moulding is used to fabricate the composite. Mechanical tests were performed based on ASTM standards. Tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus and elongations at break(tensile and flexural test) of 5:5 wt % are 30.54%, 12.2%, 32.22%, 28.98%,23.78% and 23.53% higher than neat sample respectively. Shore "D" hardness and Izod's impact strength are 4.65% and 98.93% higher at 5:5 wt % than neat sample respectively. Specific wear rate decreased from 2.6 × 10-11 m3/Nm (neat GFRP: 0 wt % glass fibre reinforced polymer composite) to 0.7 × 10-11 m3/Nm at 5:5 wt % filler. Nanoparticles lowered the coefficient of friction by around 16.66%, 60.42%, and 33.33% at sliding distances of 100 m for 2.5:2.5, 5:5, and 7.5:7.5 wt % respectively with the neat sample. A 5:5 wt percent resulted in 76.68% less wear volume loss than pure GFRP. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis revealed element distributions, particle size, pullout of fibers, damaged interfaces, filler dispersion, voids, wear debris, interfacial debonding, and cavities. Thus, this approach enhances GFRP composite's mechanical, tribological, and structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Srinivasa Perumal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mahendra Engineering College (Autonomous), Namakkal District, 637503, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - L Selvarajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mahendra Institute of Technology (Autonomous), Namakkal District, 637503, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - K P Manikandan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College (Autonomous), Kanchipuram District, 603 203, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - C Velmurugan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Tiruchirapalli, Tamilnadu, 620012, India.
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12
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Sheeba KRJ, Alagarasan JK, Dharmaraja J, Kavitha SA, Shobana S, Arvindnarayan S, Vadivel M, Lee M, Retnam KP. Physico-chemical and extraction properties on alkali-treated Acacia pennata fiber. Environ Res 2023; 233:116415. [PMID: 37343749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The production of reinforced composite materials can generally benefit greatly from the use of natural cellulosic woody fibers as good sustainable resources. Natural plants like hemp, cotton, and bamboo are great options for knitters and crocheters looking to make eco-friendly goods. The current study examines the properties of natural fiber obtained from the stem of the Acacia pennata (AP) plant, as well as its basic physico-chemical, structural, thermal, and mechanical characteristics. The key goal of this work was to investigate how alkali treatment affected the AP fibers' morphology, chemical composition, tensile capabilities, morphological changes, structural changes, and thermal degradation (APFs). The SEM image and pXRD analyses support the improved surface roughness of the fiber, and that was seen after the alkaline treatment. From XRD analysis, the fiber crystallinity index (54.65%) was improved and it was connected to their SEM pictograms in comparison to untreated APF. Alkali-treated AP fibers include a higher percentage of chemical components including cellulose (51.38%) and ash (5.13%). Alkali-treated AP fibers have a lower amount of hemi-cellulose (30.30%), lignin (20.96%), pectin (8.77%), wax (0.12%), and moisture (13.44%) than untreated APF. Their low density and high cellulosic content will improve their ability to fiber matrices. The thermal behavior of AP fiber at various temperatures was demonstrated by TG-DTA analysis, and tensile strength was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Jaya Sheeba
- PG & Research Department of Physics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil, India; Manonmanium Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja
- Division of Chemistry, AAA College of Engineering and Technology, Amathur, 626005, Virudhunagar District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Anne Kavitha
- PG & Research Department of Physics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil, India; Manonmanium Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sutha Shobana
- Green Technology and Sustainable Development in Construction Research Group, Van Lang School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Sundaram Arvindnarayan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lord Jegannath College of Engineering and Technology, Marungoor, 629402, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manoharan Vadivel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Chemistry & Research Centre, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakarai, 623 806, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moonyong Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, 712-749, South Korea.
| | - Krishna Priya Retnam
- PG & Research Department of Physics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil, India; Manonmanium Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, 627012, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Selvarajan L, Venkataramanan K, Nair A, Choudhury B. Si 3N 4-TiN rotary EDM optimization by Mo-Jaya algorithm with Pareto optimal solution, analysis of micro-structural and geometrical tolerances. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 145:105995. [PMID: 37421694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Research into rotary electrical discharge machining on high temperature with biomedical application Si3N4-TiN ceramic composite is presented in this paper. Current (I), pulse on time (Ton), pulse off time (Toff), dielectric pressure (DP), speed and spark gap voltage (Sv) are some of the many performance characteristics. Among the factors taken into account is the material removal rate, surface roughness, electrode wear rate, cylindricity, perpendicularity, top radial overcut, bottom radial over cut and run out. Multiple parameter combinations were validated experimentally and the resulting reactions were examined. Mean effects analysis and regression analysis are used to investigate the impacts of individual parameters. To comprehend the instantaneous behavior of the replies, multi-objective Jaya optimization is utilized to optimize the responses simultaneously. The multi-objective problem's outcomes are shown in 3D charts, with each showing the Pareto optimal solution. From this real conclusion, the optimal combinations of answers are extracted and reported. The aggregate optimization result was also shown, which factored in all eight responses. MRR of 0.238 g/min was obtained which is a 10.6% improvement from the experimental values. Electrode wear of 0.0028 g/min was obtained showing a 6.6% reduction. Similarly reduction in values of Surface roughness, top radial overcut and bottom radial over cut, Circularity, Perpendicularity, run out was observed and the percentages are 3.4, 4.7, 4.5, 7.8, 10.0 and 10.53 respectively. Details on the structural and morphological examinations of the various surface abnormalities that occur during the process have been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Selvarajan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Mahendra Institute of Technology (Autonomous), Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, 637 503, India.
| | - K Venkataramanan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Mahendra Polytechnic College, Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, 637 503, India.
| | - Anish Nair
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bishub Choudhury
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli, Arunachal Pradesh, India
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Huang H, Wang L. Alteration of surface morphologies and chemical composition of cuticle in response to chilling injury in papaya (Carica papaya L.) after harvest. Food Chem 2023; 416:135751. [PMID: 36870151 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The alteration of surface microstructures and chemical composition in cuticle of papaya fruit in response to chilling stress were comparatively studied between cultivars of 'Risheng' and 'Suihuang' after harvest. Fruit surface was covered by fissured wax layers in both cultivars. The presence of granule crystalloids was cultivar dependent, with higher abundance in 'Risheng' and lower in 'Suihuang'. Various typical very-long-chain aliphatics i.e., fatty acids, aldehydes, n-alkanes, primary alcohols, and n-alkenes dominated waxes; and cutin monomers were prominently 9/10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid in papaya fruit cuticle. Chilling pitting symptom was accompanied by modification of granule crystalloids into flat appearance and decreased primary alcohols, fatty acids, and aldehydes in 'Risheng', but no evident changes in 'Suihuang'. The response of cuticle to chilling injury in papaya fruit might be not directly related to the overall amount of waxes and cutin monomers, but more likely to the alteration of appearance morphologies and chemical composition in cuticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Huang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China.
| | - Ling Wang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
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15
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Malá Z, Vojta M, Loskot J, Sleha R, Ježek B, Zelenka J. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with the Vero cell lines by scanning electron microscopy. J Biol Phys 2023:10.1007/s10867-023-09638-y. [PMID: 37389665 PMCID: PMC10397163 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-023-09638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the cell structure of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. Our measurements revealed infection remodeling caused by infection, including the emergence of new specialized areas where viral morphogenesis occurs at the cell membrane. Intercellular extensions for viral cell surfing have also been observed. Our results expand knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with cells, its spread from cell to cell, and their size distribution. Our findings suggest that SEM is a useful microscopic method for intracellular ultrastructure analysis of cells exhibiting specific surface modifications that could also be applied to studying other important biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Malá
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, Hradec Králové, 500 03, Czech Republic.
| | - Marek Vojta
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, Hradec Králové, 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Loskot
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, Hradec Králové, 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Sleha
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Defencein Brno, Třebešská, 1575, 500 02, Czech Republic
| | - Bruno Ježek
- Department of Informatics and Quantitative Methods, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, Hradec Králové, 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Zelenka
- Department of Recreology and Tourism, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, Hradec Králové, 500 03, Czech Republic
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Chowdhury MA, Hossain N, Ahmed MMS, Islam MA, Islam S, Rana MM. Green tea and tulsi extracts as efficient green corrosion inhibitor for aluminum alloy in alkaline medium. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16504. [PMID: 37292324 PMCID: PMC10245160 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Corrosion is a major issue in every industrial system. As a result of its widespread application, aluminum suffers enormous annual losses due to corrosion. Scientists are continually on the lookout for effective anti-corrosion strategies. Corrosion may be reduced in a number of ways, but many of them are harmful to the environment, so it's important to find a green alternative. Corrosion inhibitors in aluminum alloys can be found in green tea and tulsi extract. In this research, we found that aluminum alloy 1100 (Al-1100) ina 10% NaOH solution was inhibited by both green tea and Tulsi extract. Samples of AL alloy are submerged in 10% NaOH solutions with and without an inhibitor for a total of 25 days. The weight-loss technique is used to determine the effectiveness of an inhibitor, with tulsi extract far outperforming green tea with the best efficiency of 83.93% compared to the greatest efficiency of 14.29% for green tea. After being submerged in an inhibitory solution, an aluminum alloy surface developed an adsorbed protective layer, which is chemical adsorption, as seen by FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) spectroscopy. Green inhibitors those are present on the surface of the aluminum alloys are less corrosive confirmed by the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis. The chemical particles were found to be present as a coating over AL alloy surfaces, as determined by EDS (Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy) testing. In a10% NaOH solution, Al-1100 is inhibited more effectively by tulsi extracts than by green tea extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nayem Hossain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mir Shakib Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology (DUET), Gazipur, 1707, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Aminul Islam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Safiul Islam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Md Masud Rana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
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17
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Li X, Kong R, Wang J, Wu J, Wang X. Matrix Producing Cells Induce the Morphological Difference in the Bacillus subtilis Biofilm. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:197-207. [PMID: 37325022 PMCID: PMC10267082 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01073-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a 'coffee ring' in the Bacillus subtilis biofilm center, and the colony biofilm morphologies are distinct inside and outside the 'coffee ring'. In this paper, we study this morphological difference and explain the reasons of the 'coffee ring' formation and further the causes to the morphological variation. We developed a quantitative method to characterize the surface morphology, the outer area is thicker than the inner area of the 'coffee ring', and the thickness amplitude in outer area is larger than inner area of the 'coffee ring'. We adopt a logistic growth model to obtain how the environmental resistance influence the colony biofilm thickness. Dead cells provide gaps for stress release and make folds formation in colony biofilm. we developed a technique for optical imaging and matching cells with the BRISK algorithm to capture the distribution and movement of motile cells and matrix producing cells in the colony biofilm. Matrix producing cells are mainly distribute in the outside of the 'coffee ring', and the extracellular matrix (ECM) prevents the motile cells moving outward from center. Motile cells mainly locate inside the ring, a small amount of dead motile cells outside the 'coffee ring' give rise to radial folds formation. There are no ECM blocking cell movements inside the ring, which result in uniform folds formation. The distribution of ECM and different phenotypes lead to the formation of the 'coffee ring', which is verified by using eps and flagellar mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyong Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Rui Kong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Jiankun Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Jin Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
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18
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Hassan HHAM, ELhusseiny AF. A new antimicrobial PVC-based polymeric material incorporating bisacylthiourea complexes. BMC Chem 2023; 17:44. [PMID: 37138320 PMCID: PMC10157947 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-00958-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A new antimicrobial material incorporating Cu(I) and Cd(II) complexes of bisacylthiourea derivatives in a PVC film was successfully synthesized and characterized by IR, UV, NMR, SEM, and thermal analyses. The results revealed that on coordination, the electronic structure change of the ligand affects practically all their spectral vibrational pattern; however, within the complex pattern, some vibrations indicated that the thiourea derivative behaves as a neutral ligand, which coordinates the metal ion through the sulfur atom of the thiocarbonyl group. The greater affinity of the S atom for Cu+ 1 played a role in Cu(II)→Cu(I) reduction, and the intramolecular hydrogen bonds of the type of (NH···Cl) further stabilized the obtained Cu(I) complex in dioxane. The antimicrobial activity shows that all investigated compounds exhibit excellent activity compared to standard antibiotics. The antibacterial power of the PVC/Cd composite is significantly superior against the most resistant species to both disinfectants and antibiotics compared to its PVC/Cu analogue; nevertheless, the latter exhibited activity equal to an average halo diameter of 29 ± 0.33 mm against pathogenic E. coli ATCC 25,922, indicating excellent G (-) activity. Interestingly, the PVC/Cd composite exhibited excellent activity against pathogenic C. albicans RCMB 005003 (1) ATCC 10,231, while its PVC/Cu analogue was inactive. These materials may be used to reduce infection in wounds either as a composite film or coated barrier dressings, and in addition, the results should open a new direction in antimicrobial surface engineering within the biomedical field. Further challenges are the development of reusable and broad-range antimicrobial polymers..
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammed H A M Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 2-Moharam Bek, Alexandria, 21568, Egypt.
| | - Amel F ELhusseiny
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 2-Moharam Bek, Alexandria, 21568, Egypt
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Raviprabha K, Bhat RS, Bhat SI, Nagaraj P, Jyothi K. Corrosion inhibition study of 6061 aluminium alloy in the presence of ethyl 5-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate (NTE) in hydrochloric acid. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16036. [PMID: 37215842 PMCID: PMC10195904 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of an ethyl 5-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate (NTE) was investigated on the corrosion of Al (AA6061) alloy at different temperatures (303-333 K) by Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and weight loss techniques. It was found that NTE molecules protect the aluminium against corrosion and its ability increases with increasing concentrations, and temperature resulting in better inhibitory performance. At all concentrations and temperature ranges, NTE exhibited mixed inhibitor action and complied with the Langmuir isotherm. At 100 ppm and 333 K, NTE demonstrated the highest inhibition efficiency (94%). The EIS results and the PDP results had a good level of concordance. A suitable mechanism for the corrosion prevention of AA6061 alloy was proposed. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to confirm the adsorption of an inhibitor onto the aluminium alloy surface. The electrochemical results were validated by morphological examination, which demonstrated that NTE prevents uniform corrosion of aluminium alloy in acid chloride solutions. The activation energy and thermodynamic parameters were computed, and the results were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Raviprabha
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology & Management, Bantakal, Udupi, 574115, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramesh S. Bhat
- NITTE (Deemed to be University), Department of Chemistry, NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT), Nitte, 574110, India
| | - Subrahmanya I. Bhat
- NITTE (Deemed to be University), Department of Chemistry, NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT), Nitte, 574110, India
| | - P. Nagaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Yenepoya Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India
| | - K. Jyothi
- Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph Engineering College, Mangalore, 575028, India
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Xiao Q, Wang X, Yi X, Fu Y, Ding J, Jiang F, Wang J, Han Z, Chen BT. Alteration of surface morphology and core features in adolescents with borderline personality disorder. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:86-93. [PMID: 37080498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate early diagnosis of adolescent borderline personality disorder (BPD) is critical for prompt treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the alteration of brain surface morphology and to evaluate its relationship with core features in adolescent BPD. METHODS A total of 52 adolescents with BPD aged 12-17 years and 39 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were prospectively enrolled into the study. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained with both 3D-T1 weighted structural sequence and resting-state functional data. The structural data was analyzed for surface morphology parameters including the local gyrification index (LGI), mean curvature and surface area. The functional MRI data was analyzed for seed-based functional connectivity (FC). Correlative analysis of surface morphology and core features of adolescent BPD was performed. RESULTS Adolescents with BPD showed the following altered surface morphology in the limbic-cortical circuit when compared to the HCs: (1) reduced LGI in the left fusiform and right superior temporal gyrus; (2) reduced mean curvature in the left precentral gyrus and right rostral anterior cingulate cortex, and increased mean curvature in the bilateral pericalcarine; and (3) reduced surface area in the left paracentral gyrus, left pars triangularis, right insula and right lateral orbitofrontal gyrus (P < 0.05, FWE correction). In addition, these brain regions with altered surface morphology were significantly correlated with several core features including the mood instability, self-identity problems, and non-suicidal self-injury behavior in adolescents with BPD (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was enhanced functional connectivity among these altered brain regions within the limbic-cortical circuit (voxel P < 0.001, cluster P < 0.05, FWE corrected). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with BPD had significant alterations of brain surface morphology in the limbic-cortical circuit, which was correlated with core BPD features. These results implicated the surface morphology parameters and FC alterations may potentially serve as neuroimaging biomarkers for adolescents with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiao
- Mental Health Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xueying Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Yi
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Yan Fu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Public Health, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Furong Jiang
- Mental Health Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zaide Han
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Bihong T Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Ozgur I, Sapci I, Sengun B, Valente MA, Steele SR, Liska D, Delaney CP, Gorgun E. Do surface morphology and pit pattern have a role in predicting cancer for colon polyps in North America? Surg Endosc 2023; 37:2354-8. [PMID: 36710285 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-023-09866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surface morphology of colorectal polyps is well correlated with submucosal invasion in Eastern Countries but not in North America. We aimed to investigate associations between the Paris classification, surface morphology, and Kudo pit pattern to submucosal invasion in advanced endoscopic resection techniques. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed prospectively collected data of consecutive advanced endoscopic procedures conducted by a single surgeon between August 2017 and October 2018. The data included patients' demographics, the endoscopic finding of polyps (Paris, Kudo, and surface morphology), and pathology results. RESULTS The study consisted of 138 lesions, and the mean age was 67 ± 10 years. The most common polyp locations were cecum (n = 41, 30%) followed by ascending colon (n = 28, 20%), and sigmoid colon (n = 18, 13%).The median polyp size was 30 mm (25-40). The en-bloc resection rate was 96%, and 11 (8%) polyps had adenocarcinoma with submucosal invasion. Nine patients (6.5%) had late bleeding, and 3 (2.2%) perforation occurred. Polyps with pit pattern of Kudo IV (n = 4, 36.4%) and Kudo V (n = 6, 54.5%) were associated with submucosal invasion. CONCLUSIONS Surface morphology and pit pattern can predict submucosal invasion in the North American patient population. Polyp morphology may aid polyp selection for advanced endoscopic interventions.
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Lingamdinne LP, Choi JS, Choi YL, Chang YY, Koduru JR. Stable and recyclable lanthanum hydroxide-doped graphene oxide biopolymer foam for superior aqueous arsenate removal: Insight mechanisms, batch, and column studies. Chemosphere 2023; 313:137615. [PMID: 36572366 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a graphene oxide-based lanthanum hydroxide/chitosan foam (CSGOL foam) was synthesized for arsenate (As(V)) remediation in surface water. The synthesized CSGOL foam texture and purity was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies. The results proved that the foam was highly porous, stable, and had high surface functionality that facilitated adsorption for water pollutant removal. The sorption results proved that the As(V) removal was high (146.20 mg/g at pH 6 with 0.5 g/L CSGOL foam) when compared to the similar type of materials, endothermic chemisorption due to the production of monodentate and bidentate inner-sphere complexes. Furthermore, continuous column results indicated that the As(V) concentration in real surface waters was reduced to WHO standards (less than 10 μg As/L of water) of As(V) in drinking water for up to 10,000 bed volume. Further it can be used up to four cycles without loss of efficacy less than 93%. Because of its excellent removal capabilities and simple synthesis technique, CSGOL foam shows significant promise for treating As(V)-containing water. Further, the XPS analysis and batch studies results suggests that As(V) removal mechanism was involved electrostatic and surface complexation through chemical interaction predominately.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jong-Soo Choi
- Environmental Engineering Department, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Lim Choi
- Environmental Engineering Department, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Young Chang
- Environmental Engineering Department, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Janardhan Reddy Koduru
- Environmental Engineering Department, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
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Kavisri M, Abraham M, Moovendhan M. Effective removal of fluoride ions from aqueous solution by marine microalgae as natural biosorbent. Chemosphere 2023; 313:137312. [PMID: 36410513 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the phytoremediation technology from marine source Dunaliella salina was chosen to eliminate fluoride ions from aqueous solution by Adsorption isotherm, Kinetics and RSM optimization methods. Marine microalgae were collected, identified and mass cultured then its physical characteristics, functional groups and surface microstructure was examined by FT-IR, NMR, XRD and SEM analysis also the same was performed on post treated bioadsorbent. Fluoride removal was optimized by different conditions through response surface methodology and kinetics modelling also performed. Several active functional groups were noticed in IR spectra and NMR of pre and post treated microalgal biosorbent. Many micropores, crystalline structure, voids were observed in pre-treated and lesser in post treated bioadsorbent, removal process was optimized by temperature, pH, dose and time and its showed high influence of removal process. The fluoride removal process was optimized by response surface methodology, Langmuir Isotherm, Freundlich Isotherm, Temkin isotherm, Pseudo I order, Pseudo II order and Intra particle diffusion and revealed that the F ions removal mechanism clearly. Microalgae are novel, low-cost and effective bio based innovative methods which are sustainable for the bioremediation of fluoride from water bodies and industrial wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kavisri
- Departmeny of Civil Engineering, School of Building and Environment Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marykutty Abraham
- Centre for Remote Sensing, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Meivelu Moovendhan
- Centre for Ocean Research, Col.Dr.Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India.
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24
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Li Y, Luo D, Li T, Zhao W, Chen G. Application of Cellulase for Contributing Phenolic Release and Conversion in Oats (Avena sativa L.) During Microbial Fermentation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023. [PMID: 36689163 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04321-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, Monascus fermentation and cellulase hydrolysis (MCF) of oats (Avena sativa L.) to release and convert phenolic fraction was investigated. Results showed the fungus Monascus grew well with a biomass of 27.03 mg/g glucosamine equivalent in MCF, following the destruction of oat cellular structures. SDS-PAGE revealed lots of enzymes were regulated with the α-amylase and FPase activity achieved 139.25 U/g and 1.84 U/g in MCF, respectively. Compared with unfermented oats, content of the total phenolic fractions was increased by 19.2 times in MCF, suggesting a phenolic release process occurred during fermentation. Moreover, the soluble-free chlorogenic acid upregulated to 510.00 mg/kg whereas the insoluble-bound ferulic acid downregulated to 193.36 mg/kg in MCF, indicating a transformation process of chlorogenic acid from ferulic acid in oats was enhanced. Based on this, a possible pathway of phenolic release and conversion in oats during fermentation with Monascus spp. was revealed. This study was helpful to enrich the theory of microbial metabolism and transformation in grain materials.
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Gao Y, Tian E, Mo J. Electrostatic Polydopamine-Interface-Mediated (e-PIM) filters with tuned surface topography and electrical properties for efficient particle capture and ozone removal. J Hazard Mater 2023; 441:129821. [PMID: 36067559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) poses severe environmental health risks to the public globally, and efficient filtration technologies are urgently needed for air ventilation. In this contribution, to overcome the efficiency-resistance trade-off for fibrous filtration, we introduced an electrostatic polydopamine-interface-mediated (e-PIM) filter utilizing a combined effect of particle pre-charging and filter polarizing. After delineating the PM-fiber interactions in electrostatic filtration, we designed a composite fiber structure and fabricated the filters by a two-step dip-coating. The surface topography and electrical potential of the polyester (PET) coarse substrates were regulated by successively coating polydopamine (PDA) layers and manganese oxide clusters. By this means, an 8-mm-thick Mn-P @ P-100 filter possessed improved efficiency of 96.05%, 97.60%, and 99.14% for 0.3-0.5 µm, 0.5-1 µm, and 1-3 µm particles, the ultralow air resistance of 10.4 Pa at a filtration velocity of 0.5 m/s, and steady ozone removal property. Compared with the pristine PET substrates, the efficiency for 0.3-0.5 µm particles expanded 12 times. Compared with the pristine PET substrates, the efficiency for 0.3-0.5 µm particles expanded 12 times. We expect e-PIM filters and the filtration prototype will be potential candidates as effective and low-cost air cleaning devices for a sustainable and healthy environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Gao
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Enze Tian
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; State Key Laboratory for Surface Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jinhan Mo
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Beijing 100084, China; Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education (Tsinghua University), Beijing 100084, China.
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Karthikeyan V, Vivekanandan S. Optimize an effective triboelectric nanogenerator surface morphology to harvest the human wrist pulse pressure: A numerical study on finite element method. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12109. [PMID: 36578394 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the optimized surface morphology to enhance transferred charge between the mental and dielectric of the modelled triboelectric nanogenerator. The structured shape of the dielectric layer is a vital factor in enhancing the output performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator. In this study, flat, cone, circular and rectangular shapes are structured on the dielectric surface of TENG. Its output performance is examined by conducting a numerical study on the finite element method in COMSOL Multiphysics software. Among the above stated structured surface TENGs, the structured rectangular surface triboelectric nanogenerator produces an improved output open-circuit voltage of 26 V for an externally given 3K Pascal pulse pressure as input. Hence, the result indicates that the structured surface TENGs can make a portable self-powered healthcare device such as heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure measurement.
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Zahra S, Bukhari H, Qaisar S, Sheikh A, Amin A. Synthesis of nanosize zinc oxide through aqueous sol-gel route in polyol medium. BMC Chem 2022; 16:104. [PMID: 36434647 PMCID: PMC9700888 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is aimed to synthesize nanosize zinc oxide by acid catalyzed sol-gel process using zinc nitrate hexahydrate as precursor, aqueous isopropanol as solvent and glycerin for making polyol system. The polyol mediated procedure was employed in combination with calcination induced synthesis of nanoparticles of numerous sizes obtained with the variation in calcination temperature from 500 to 900 ℃. The crystal structure of the prepared samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Infrared spectroscopy (IR) was used to identify the surface hydroxyl groups. Thermal stability was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetric analysis (DSC-TGA) whereas field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to study the surface morphology of nanoparticles. RESULTS Results revealed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite structure of irregular shaped nanoparticles having size ranging from 50-100 nm. However, the particles combined to form agglomerates of 200-400 nm with the rise in calcination temperature. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that nanosize zinc oxide can be synthesized successfully by a simple process comprising of glycerin as a low-cost, non-toxic and eco-friendly polyol followed by calcination at ambient temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samreen Zahra
- grid.420148.b0000 0001 0721 1925Mineral Processing Research Centre, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600 Pakistan
| | - Hamim Bukhari
- Department of Chemistry, Post Graduate Islamia College, Cooper Road, Lahore, 54000 Pakistan
| | - Saboora Qaisar
- Department of Chemistry, Post Graduate Islamia College, Cooper Road, Lahore, 54000 Pakistan
| | - Asma Sheikh
- grid.420148.b0000 0001 0721 1925Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600 Pakistan
| | - Athar Amin
- grid.420148.b0000 0001 0721 1925Mineral Processing Research Centre, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600 Pakistan
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Garner J, Skidmore S, Hadar J, Park H, Park K, Qin B, Wang Y. Surface analysis of sequential semi-solvent vapor impact (SAVI) for studying microstructural arrangements of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles. J Control Release 2022; 350:600-12. [PMID: 36057396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticles have been used as long-acting injectable (LAI) drug delivery systems for more than three decades. Despite extensive use, few tools have been available to examine and compare the three-dimensional (3D) structures of microparticles prepared using different compositions and processing parameters, all collectively affecting drug release kinetics. Surface analysis after sequential semi-solvent impact (SASSI) was conducted by exposing PLGA microparticles to different semi-solvent in the liquid phase. The use of semi-solvent liquids presented practical experimental difficulties, particularly in observing the same microparticles before and after exposure to semi-solvents. The difficulties were overcome by using a new sequential semi-solvent vapor (SSV) method to examine the morphological changes of the same microparticles. The SASSI method based on SSV is called surface analysis of semi-solvent vapor impact (SAVI). Semi-solvents are the solvents that dissolve PLGA polymers depending on the polymer's lactide:glycolide (L:G) ratio. A sequence of semi-solvents was used to dissolve portions of PLGA microparticles in an L:G ratio-dependent manner, thus revealing different structures depending on how microparticles were prepared. Exposing PLGA microparticles to semi-solvents in the vapor phase demonstrated significant advantages over using semi-solvents in the liquid phase, such as in control of exposure conditions, access to imaging, decreasing the time for sequential exposure of semi-solvents, and using the same microparticles. The SSV approach for morphological analysis provides another tool to enhance our understanding of the microstructural arrangement of PLGA polymers. It will improve our comprehensive understanding of the factors controlling drug release from LAI formulations based on PLGA polymers.
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Cheng G, Zhang S, Lv M, Qi C, Fan R, Guo X, Liu J, Zhao X. The surface morphology of Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide and its anti-apoptotic effect by targeting autophagy. Phytomedicine 2022; 103:154212. [PMID: 35665615 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fumonisin B1 is categorised as possible carcinogenic to humans which commonly contaminate maize and maize-based products worldwide, FB1, like other environmental pollutants, may activate apoptosis, autophagy, the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide (PGPSt) is prepared from a traditional herbal medicine in Asia with tremendous pharmacological activities. However, whether PGPSt could relieve FB1-induced apoptosis has not been elucidated. The study aimed to evaluate the surface morphology of PGPSt and its protective effect on fumonisin B1-induced apoptosis. METHODS The surface morphology of PGPSt was evaluated by SEM and AFM. Expressions of proteins involved in autophagy and apoptosis were detected by western blot analysis. Western blot, transient transfection, JC-1 and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, CCK8, Live-cell imaging and autophagy inhibitor were used to observe the effect and explore the mechanism of PGPSt on FB1-induced apoptosis of 3D4/21 cells. RESULTS PGPSt had triple helix conformation, and had the characteristics of compact, polyporous and agglomerated morphology. PGPSt promoted the expression of LC3-II and Beclin1, reduced the expression of p62, and significantly activated autophagy. PGPSt inhibited the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway at 24 h. Besides, PGPSt increased the expression of Bcl-2 and decreased the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3. PGPSt-mediated autophagy was inhibited by 3-MA, accompanied by the upregulation of Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-3, suggesting that enhanced autophagy inhibited apoptosis. CONCLUSION PGPSt can activate autophagy, which in turn protects FB1-induced apoptosis. Targeting autophagy may provide a new way to improve the health of humans or animals in FB1 contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Ninth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450053, PR China
| | - Meiyun Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Changxi Qi
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Rupeng Fan
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xiaocheng Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jianzhu Liu
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Xiaona Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong 271018, China.
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Lee DW, Kim EM, Heo GS, Kim DH, Oh JY, Liu Y, Seo DS. Physicochemically Constructed Unidirectional Aluminum Bismuth Gallium Zinc Oxide Film for Enhanced Nematic Liquid Crystal System Using a Brush-Coating Method. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200263. [PMID: 35798631 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We proposed a convenient brush coating method for liquid crystal (LC) alignment. This method conducted film deposition and alignment layer treatment process simultaneously. Aluminum bismuth gallium zinc oxide (AlBiGaZnO) was used as an alignment layer. After the curing process, a unidirectional AlBiGaZnO film was formed and the surface morphology and chemical composition was verified using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This oriented structure of the surface was produced by shear-stress which originated from brush movement. That structure induced a surface anisotropic characteristic and resulted in a uniform LC alignment. The uniform and homogeneous LC alignment state on the film was confirmed using polarized optical microscopy and pre-tilt angle analysis. The brush coated AlBiGaZnO film exhibited excellent thermal budget for advanced LC system. The film exhibited enhanced electro-optical performance with a low operating voltage. These results demonstrate the potential of LC alignment technology via the brush coating method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Lee
- Yonsei University, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- KITECH: Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, National Center for Nanoprocess and Equipment, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Gi Seok Heo
- KITECH: Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, National Center for Nanoprocess and Equipment, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Yonsei University, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Jin Young Oh
- Yonsei University, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Yang Liu
- Donghua University College of Information Science and Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, CHINA
| | - Dae-Shik Seo
- Yonsei University, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 120-749, Seoul, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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Liu H, Zhang L, Huang J, Mao J, Chen Z, Mao Q, Ge M, Lai Y. Smart surfaces with reversibly switchable wettability: Concepts, synthesis and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 300:102584. [PMID: 34973464 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As a growing hot research topic, manufacturing smart switchable surfaces has attracted much attention in the past a few years. The state-of-the-art study on reversibly switchable wettability of smart surfaces has been presented in this systematic review. External stimuli are brought about to render the alteration in chemical conformation and surface morphology to drive the wettability switch. Here, starting from the fundamental theories related to the surfaces wetting principles, highlights on different triggers for switchable wettability, such as pH, light, ions, temperature, electric field, gas, mechanical force, and multi-stimuli are discussed. Different applications that have various wettability requirement are targeted, including oil-water separation, droplets manipulation, patterning, liquid transport, and so on. This review aims to provide a deep insight into responsive interfacial science and offer guidance for smart surface engineering. It ends with a summary of current challenges, future opportunities, and potential solutions on smart switch of wettability on superwetting surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, School of Textile & Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, PR China; National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, Taian 271000, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, School of Textile & Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, PR China; National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, Taian 271000, PR China
| | - Jianying Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst (NERC-CFC), College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
| | - Jiajun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zhong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qinghui Mao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, School of Textile & Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, PR China; National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, Taian 271000, PR China.
| | - Mingzheng Ge
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, School of Textile & Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, PR China; National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, Taian 271000, PR China.
| | - Yuekun Lai
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst (NERC-CFC), College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou 350116, PR China.
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Campos P, Knicker H, Miller AZ, Velasco-Molina M, De la Rosa JM. Biochar ageing in polluted soils and trace elements immobilisation in a 2-year field experiment. Environ Pollut 2021; 290:118025. [PMID: 34450489 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application to soils has become a focus of research during the last decade due to its high potential for C sequestration. Nevertheless, there is no exhaustive information on the long-term effects of biochar application in soils contaminated with trace elements. In this work, a 2-year field experiment was conducted comprising the application of different types of biochar to acidic and moderately acidic soils with high concentrations of As, Cu, Pb, Ba and Zn. In addition, representative samples of each biochar were buried in permeable bags that allowed the flow of water and microorganisms but not their physical interaction with soil aggregates. The biochars significantly adsorbed trace elements from polluted soils. However, given the high total concentration of these persistent trace elements in the soils, the application of biochars did not succeed in reducing the concentration of available metals (CaCl2 extractable fraction). After 2 years of ageing under field conditions, some degradation of the biochars from olive pit, rice husk and wood were observed. This study provides novel information concerning the biochar alterations during ageing in polluted soils, as the decrease of aryl C signal observed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and the presence of O-containing groups shown by Fourier Transform mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) in aged biochar which enhanced trace elements adsorption. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed slight changes on surface morphology of aged biochar particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Campos
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - Heike Knicker
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Z Miller
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Seville, Spain; Laboratorio Hercules, University of Évora, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal
| | - Marta Velasco-Molina
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - José María De la Rosa
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Seville, Spain
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Xie B, Hao C, Sun R. The impact of fluoxetine and pH values on relaxation of the ternary lipid monolayers. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2021; 1863:183760. [PMID: 34499884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fluoxetine (FLX), used in the clinic to treat depression, is a well-known cationic amphiphilic antidepressant. To get a deeper insight into the effect of FLX on Langmuir monolayers, in this study the stability and relaxation of 1,2-dioctadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phophocholine/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/cholesterol (DSPC/POPC/CHOL) monolayers without and with FLX at different pH values were studied. The experiments involved surface pressure-area (π-A) measurements, mean molecular area-time (A-t) measurements, and atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis. It was found that intermolecular interactions decreased after the addition of FLX in the subphase but increased with increasing pH values. The relaxation of the ternary lipid monolayers with FLX was dominated by dissolution steps, and the dissolution rates decreased with increasing pH values. These findings can be easily confirmed by the analysis of thermodynamic parameters calculated for the investigated films. The data obtained in this study help to understand the effect of drugs on the ternary lipid monolayers from the molecular point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Kashi University, Kashi 844009, PR China.
| | - Changchun Hao
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
| | - Runguang Sun
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
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Singh JK, Rout AK, Kumari K. A review on Borassus flabellifer lignocellulose fiber reinforced polymer composites. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 262:117929. [PMID: 33838807 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural fiber composites play an important role for developing high performance engineering materials due to its facile availability, recyclability and eco-friendly nature. Borassus flabellifer products are significant and economical for urban and rural areas, and its fruit, leaf stalk and leaves are used in domestic purposes and some of them are disposed as waste. This waste part of Borassus flabellifer serves as a potential resource for natural fibers and utilized as raw material for reinforced polymer composites. The aim of this article narrates a comprehensive overview of Borassus fibers and its composites. Alkali treatment techniques, different fabrication methods, preparation of different matrices reinforced with bio-fibers and chemical, mechanical, thermal, morphological properties of Borassus fibers and its composites have been studied. Overall, this review article highlights, investigates and identifies gaps of the earlier research work, and provides the resourceful data for future work in various streams with Borassus fiber as reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Production Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Odisha, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, OP Jindal University, Raigarh, C.G., India
| | - Arun Kumar Rout
- Department of Production Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Odisha, India.
| | - Kanchan Kumari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Parala Maharaja Engineering College, Odisha, India
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Mohamed O, Al-Othman A, Al-Nashash H, Tawalbeh M, Almomani F, Rezakazemi M. Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanomaterial for implantable highly flexible composite bioelectrode for biosensing applications. Chemosphere 2021; 273:129680. [PMID: 33486350 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Implantable and stretchable electrodes have managed to progress the medical field from a medical diagnosis aspect to a patient treatment level. They offer the ability to detect biosignals and conduct electrical current to tissues that aid in muscle stimulation and axon regeneration. Current conventional electrodes are fabricated from stiff and very expensive, precious metals such as platinum. In this work, novel, low cost, and highly flexible electrode materials were fabricated based on titanium dioxide (TiO2) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) supported by a silicone polymer matrix. The electrode materials were characterized by their electrochemical, mechanical, and surface properties. The electrodes possessed high flexibility with Young's modulus of 235 kPa, revealing highly stretchable characteristics. The impedance at 1 kHz was around 114.6 kΩ, and the charge capacity was 1.23 mC/cm2. The fabricated electrodes appeared to have a smooth surface, as seen in the scanning electron microscope micrographs, compared with electrodes in the literature. Long-time stability tests revealed an overall decrease in impedance and an increase in the charge capacity up to 475% of the initial value within three weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Mohamed
- Biomedical Engineering MSBME, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hasan Al-Nashash
- Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
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Liang Y, Luo Y, Lu Z, Klumpp E, Shen C, Bradford SA. Evidence on enhanced transport and release of silver nanoparticles by colloids in soil due to modification of grain surface morphology and co-transport. Environ Pollut 2021; 276:116661. [PMID: 33592438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural soils have frequently been considered to decrease the mobility of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in comparison to quartz sand due to the presence of colloids that provide additional retention sites. In contrast, this study demonstrates that the transport and release of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in sandy clay loam and loamy sand soils were enhanced in the presence of soil colloids that altered soil grain surface roughness. In particular, we found that the retention of AgNPs in purified soils (colloid-free and acid-treated) was more pronounced than in raw (untreated) soils or soils treated to remove organic matter (H2O2 or 600 °C treated). Chemical analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy demonstrated that the grain surfaces of raw and organic matter-removed soils were abundant with metal oxides and colloids compared to purified soil. Column transport and release experimental results, SEM images, and interaction energy calculations revealed that a significant amount of concave locations on purified soils hindered AgNP release by diffusion or ionic strength (IS) reduction due to deep primary energy minima. Conversely, AgNPs that were retained in soils in the presence of soil colloids were more susceptible to release under IS reduction because the primary minimum was shallow on the tops of convex locations created by attached soil colloids. Additionally, a considerable fraction of retained AgNPs in raw soil was released after cation exchange followed by IS reduction, while no release occurred for purified soil under the same conditions. The AgNP release was highly associated with soil colloids and co-transport of AgNPs and soil colloids was observed. Our work is the first to show that the presence of soil colloids can inhibit deposition and facilitate the release and co-transport of NPs in soil by alteration of the soil grain surface morphology and shallow primary minimum interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Yonglu Luo
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Erwin Klumpp
- Agrosphere Institute, IBG-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, 52425, Germany
| | - Chongyang Shen
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Aghilinasrollahabadi K, Salehi M, Fujiwara T. Investigate the influence of microplastics weathering on their heavy metals uptake in stormwater. J Hazard Mater 2021; 408:124439. [PMID: 33183838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plastic debris as the main portion of urban litters could be transported via storm runoff to the water resources. In this study the influence of microplastics (MPs) weathering on their Pb2+ and Zn2+ uptake in stormwater was examined. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) MPs were subjected to weathering through mechanical interaction with a mixture of silt/sand, and in synthetic stormwater. The surface analysis revealed significant physio-chemistry alterations of LDPE MPs due to the silt/sand weathering. However, this weathering mostly resulted in the surface morphology alterations of PET MPs. The kinetics of heavy metals adsorptions onto the new and stormwater weathered LDPE MPs were best described by pseudo 1st and 2nd models, respectively. Despite increasing Pb2+ uptake by weathered PET MPs, Zn2+ uptake by both new and weathered PET MPs was below the detection limit. Both Pb2+ and Zn2+ were released from new and silt/sand weathered LDPE MPs during five days exposure to the synthetic stormwater. This study underscores the critical role of plastic type and weathering conditions on heavy metal transport by MPs from the urban environment to the water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Salehi
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Tomoko Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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Ighalo JO, Adeniyi AG, Igwegbe CA. 3D reconstruction and morphological analysis of electrostimulated hyperthermophile biofilms of Thermotoga neapolitana. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:1303-1309. [PMID: 33788126 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03123-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the morphological characteristics of the T. neapolitana biofilms on a ceramic carrier, stainless steel, graphite foil, carbon paper, carbon felt and carbon cloth using 3D reconstruction technology was investigated. This was based on the micrographs available in Squadrito et al. (Data Brief 33: 106-403, 2020). Besides the ceramic carrier, the other surfaces were conductive and slightly positively polarised (0.8 and 1.2 V). A simple drying technique was used to show the biofilm and avoid its detachment while chemical fixing with glutaraldehyde was used to better highlight the bacterial morphology within the biofilm. The latter was more suitable for investigating biofilm morphology while the former for bacteria morphology. For the ceramic carrier and stainless steel electrode surfaces, a regular undulating pattern of the biofilm was highlighted by the 3D rendering whilst the glutaraldehyde fixed sample showed a rod-like bacteria morphology. For the other surfaces, a regular undulating pattern of the biofilm and a mixture of a rod-like and a coccoid form of settled bacteria were evidenced also. Carbon cloth was the more suitable electrode for the current application due to its richer filamentous network of bacteria biofilm suggesting a better prevention of bacteria detachment from the electrode surface. Indeed, a preserved biofilm was highlighted on the surfaces of the polarised carbon cloth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua O Ighalo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P. M. B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - Adewale George Adeniyi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Dresvyanina EN, Kodolova-Chukhontseva VV, Bystrov SG, Dobrovolskaya IP, Vaganov GV, Smirnova NV, Kolbe KA, Kamalov AM, Ivan'kova EM, Morganti P, Yudin VE. Influence of surface morphology of chitosan films modified by chitin nanofibrils on their biological properties. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 262:117917. [PMID: 33838798 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The paper is devoted to the study of influence of chitin nanofibrils on the structure, surface morphology, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of chitosan-based composite films intended for use in biomedical technologies. It was demonstrated that the optimal concentration of chitin nanofibrils in the composite film is 5 wt.%. For the films of this composition, we observed orientation of structural elements on film surface, enhanced mechanical properties as well as an increase in both specific conductivity and proliferative activity of skin fibroblasts on film surface. These results are related to the appearance of oriented structure in nanocomposites and to self-organization of chitosan macromolecules on the surface of chitin nanofibrils. It was revealed that increase in surface energy and surface hydrophilicity did not facilitate effective adhesion, viability and proliferative activity of cells during cultivation on the surface of composite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Dresvyanina
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytekhnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia; Saint Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, B. Morskaya str., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russia.
| | - V V Kodolova-Chukhontseva
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytekhnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia
| | - S G Bystrov
- Udmurt Federal Research Center UB RAS, Tatiana Baramzina str., 34, Izhevsk, 426067, Russia
| | - I P Dobrovolskaya
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytekhnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia; Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds RAS, Bolshoy pr. VO, 31, Saint Petersburg, 199004, Russia
| | - G V Vaganov
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytekhnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia; Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds RAS, Bolshoy pr. VO, 31, Saint Petersburg, 199004, Russia
| | - N V Smirnova
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytekhnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia; Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds RAS, Bolshoy pr. VO, 31, Saint Petersburg, 199004, Russia
| | - K A Kolbe
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytekhnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia; Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds RAS, Bolshoy pr. VO, 31, Saint Petersburg, 199004, Russia
| | - A M Kamalov
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytekhnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia
| | - E M Ivan'kova
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytekhnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia; Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds RAS, Bolshoy pr. VO, 31, Saint Petersburg, 199004, Russia
| | - P Morganti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - V E Yudin
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytekhnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia
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Varshney S, Sain A, Gupta D, Sharma S. Factors Affecting Bacterial Adhesion on Selected Textile Fibres. Indian J Microbiol 2021; 61:31-37. [PMID: 33505090 PMCID: PMC7810813 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-020-00903-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In sectors like healthcare and hospitality, it has been realized that fabrics play a pivotal role in transfer of nosocomial infections. However, there is a major gap in drawing correlation between different fibre types and their interaction with microorganisms. Such information is important to formulate guidelines for textile materials for use in these sectors. In the current study, the adherence of four important bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied on six different fibre types namely polyester, wool, polypropylene, viscose, silk and cotton. Among these fibres, viscose showed maximum adherence while silk fibres showed the least attachment of bacterial strains. Bacterial adhesion was correlated with the surface characteristics (surface charge, hydrophobicity etc.) of bacteria, and nanoroughness of fibres. Adhesion of these bacteria was tested on five hydrocarbons of different hydrophobicities. E. coli, the weakest biofilm producer, and with the highest surface energy and lowest hydrophobicity amongst the bacteria compared in the study, had the lowest load on all fibres. Scanning electron microscopy revealed non-uniform binding of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Nanoroughness of fibres favored bacterial adhesion. The study showed correlation between surface properties and adherence of bacteria on fibres, with the results being of direct significance to medical and hospitality sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Varshney
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016 India
| | - Abhineet Sain
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016 India
| | - Deepti Gupta
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016 India
| | - Shilpi Sharma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016 India
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41
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Mathivanan K, Chandirika JU, Mathimani T, Rajaram R, Annadurai G, Yin H. Production and functionality of exopolysaccharides in bacteria exposed to a toxic metal environment. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 208:111567. [PMID: 33396096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the production and compositional analysis of exopolysaccharides produced by Bacillus cereus KMS3-1 grown in metal amended conditions were investigated. In addition, the metal adsorption efficacy of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by KMS3-1 strain was evaluated in a batch mode. Increased production of exopolysaccharides by KMS3-1 strain was observed while growing under metal amended conditions (100 mg/L) and also, the yield was in the order of Pb(II)>Cu(II)>Cd(II)>Control. Characterization of EPS using FT-IR, XRD, and SEM analysis revealed that the EPS can interact with metal ions through their functional groups (O‒H, CH, C˭O, C‒O, and C‒C˭O) and assist the detoxification process. Further, equilibrium results were fitted with the Langmuir model and notably, the maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of EPS for Cd(II), Cu(II), and Pb(II) found to be 54.05, 71.42, and 78.74 mg/g, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, EPS demonstrating proficient metal adsorption was substantiated by XRD analysis in this study. Owing to good adsorbing nature, the exopolysaccharides could be used as chelating substances for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamurthy Mathivanan
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Environmental Nanotechnology Division, Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tamil Nadu 627 412, India.
| | - Jayaraman Uthaya Chandirika
- Environmental Nanotechnology Division, Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tamil Nadu 627 412, India
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
| | - Rajendran Rajaram
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
| | - Gurusamy Annadurai
- Environmental Nanotechnology Division, Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tamil Nadu 627 412, India
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Park K, Otte A, Sharifi F, Garner J, Skidmore S, Park H, Jhon YK, Qin B, Wang Y. Formulation composition, manufacturing process, and characterization of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles. J Control Release 2021; 329:1150-1161. [PMID: 33148404 PMCID: PMC7904638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Injectable long-acting formulations, specifically poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) based systems, have been used to deliver drugs systemically for up to 6 months. Despite the benefits of using this type of long-acting formulations, the development of clinical products and the generic versions of existing formulations has been slow. Only about two dozen formulations have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration during the last 30 years. Furthermore, less than a dozen small molecules have been incorporated and approved for clinical use in PLGA-based formulations. The limited number of clinically used products is mainly due to the incomplete understanding of PLGA polymers and the various variables involved in the composition and manufacturing process. Numerous process parameters affect the formulation properties, and their intricate interactions have been difficult to decipher. Thus, it is necessary to identify all the factors affecting the final formulation properties and determine the main contributors to enable control of each factor independently. The composition of the formulation and the manufacturing processes determine the essential property of each formulation, i.e., in vivo drug release kinetics leading to their respective pharmacokinetic profiles. Since the pharmacokinetic profiles can be correlated with in vitro release kinetics, proper in vitro characterization is critical for both batch-to-batch quality control and scale-up production. In addition to in vitro release kinetics, other in vitro characterization is essential for ensuring that the desired formulation is produced, resulting in an expected pharmacokinetic profile. This article reviews the effects of a selected number of parameters in the formulation composition, manufacturing process, and characterization of microparticle systems. In particular, the emphasis is focused on the characterization of surface morphology of PLGA microparticles, as it is a manifestation of the formulation composition and the manufacturing process. Also, the implication of the surface morphology on the drug release kinetics is examined. The information described here can also be applied to in situ forming implants and solid implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinam Park
- Purdue University, Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Akina, Inc., 3495 Kent Avenue, Suite A200, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
| | - Andrew Otte
- Purdue University, Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Farrokh Sharifi
- Purdue University, Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - John Garner
- Akina, Inc., 3495 Kent Avenue, Suite A200, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Sarah Skidmore
- Akina, Inc., 3495 Kent Avenue, Suite A200, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Haesun Park
- Akina, Inc., 3495 Kent Avenue, Suite A200, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Young Kuk Jhon
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Bin Qin
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Generic Drugs, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Generic Drugs, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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Ghule BG, Shinde NM, Raut SD, Shaikh SF, Al-Enizi AM, Kim KH, Mane RS. Porous metal-graphene oxide nanocomposite sensors with high ammonia detectability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 589:401-10. [PMID: 33482537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nickel oxide-graphene oxide (NiO-GO), zinc oxide-graphene oxide (ZnO-GO) and bismuth oxide-graphene oxide (Bi2O3-GO) metal oxide-graphene oxide nanocomposite (MO-GO NC) sensors, operable at room temperature, were synthesized via a simple and cost-effective microwave-assisted combustion method for chemiresistive gas sensor applications. From the measured structural, morphological, and elemental detection properties, the sensors are found capable of detecting various gases. The Bi2O3-GO NC sensor exhibited excellent response over NiO-GO (~20 at 50 ppm) and ZnO-GO NC (~60 at 50 ppm) sensors for detecting NH3. The response of the Bi2O3-GO NC sensor at 50 ppm NH3 in just 14 s operation duration was ~81.23, which is improved 25-fold and 13-fold compared to pristine GO sensors. Additionally, the as-developed Bi2O3-GO NC sensor demonstrates outstanding repeatability and recovery kinetics, attributed to porosity and the combined effects of MO and GO. The sensing mechanism of the Bi2O3-GO NC gas sensors is proposed herein. The superior sensing performance, including quick response and recovery of the Bi2O3-GO NC sensor is attributed to favorable charge transfer across the Bi2O3 and GO interface. The significance of relative humidity on sensing potential of the Bi2O3-GO NC sensor has also been studied and the sensor is confirmed to be unaffected by relative humidity.
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Manimohan M, Paulpandiyan R, Pugalmani S, Sithique MA. Biologically active Co (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) centered water soluble novel isoniazid grafted O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base ligand metal complexes: Synthesis, spectral characterisation and DNA nuclease activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:801-816. [PMID: 32652152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the new N, N, O tridentate donor water soluble isoniazid based biopolymer Schiff base ligand and their Co (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) metal complexes were prepared. The compounds were designed for potential biological application such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, total antioxidant, antidiabetic and DNA binding studies. The synthesized compounds were illuminated in different light sources of various spectra were used to explore the functional groups of Biopolymer derivatives. Thermal degradation, thermal stability and percentage of mass loss for the prepared compounds were investigated through thermo gravimetric and differential thermal (TGA-DTA) analyses. Crystalline structure of synthesized biopolymer derivatives were explored by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies, the crystallinity of chitosan is gradually decreased after the Schiff base and complex formation. Surface morphology and structures of the prepared compounds were examined using SEM analysis. The magnetic moment and magnetism of the metal complexes were studied using Vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM). Antidiabetic studies of Biopolymer Schiff base and metal complexes were carried out by α-amylose inhibitory method. DNA nuclease activities of synthesized metal complexes were investigated by Ultra-Violet (UV) and viscometry methods. The Cu (II) complexes showed better DNA binding results than Co (II) and Zn (II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugaiyan Manimohan
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Islamiah College (Autonomous), Vaniyambadi, Tirupattur District, Tamil Nadu 635 752, India
| | | | | | - Mohamed Aboobucker Sithique
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Islamiah College (Autonomous), Vaniyambadi, Tirupattur District, Tamil Nadu 635 752, India.
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Shu H, Ma J, Guo J, Qi S, Guo Z, Zhang P. Effects of rainfall on surface environment and morphological characteristics in the Loess Plateau. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:37455-37467. [PMID: 32767011 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Slope failure is a one of major process that causes severe landform variation and environment variation, and slope failure has become a major hidden danger to human settlement and urban construction in this vast loess region. The physical model of slope failure as induced by artificial rainfall was constructed in the field, and monitored the pore water pressure (PWP), earth stress (ES), volumetric water content (VWC), electrical conductivity (EC), and temperature (T) of the soil using this physical simulation. The surface morphology of slope started to occur in the slope as a result of erosion caused by rainfall and rainwater infiltration at the beginning of the experiment; concurrently, PWP, ES, VWC, and EC were increased gradually. Meanwhile, the saturated weight of the soil rose. In the middle of the experiment, PWP, ES, VWC, and EC were increased rapidly as the artificial rainfall continued, and the ratio of soil pore the soil fell. The slope landform was obviously occurred during the experiment, when it was noted that PWP, ES, VWC, and EC of the soil rapidly decreased. Afterwards, slope failure evolved into a debris flow; eventually, the landform was entirely changed in the slope. The soil became more compact toward the end of the experiment, and PWP, ES, VWC, and EC were slowly increased; these factors indicated that the loess slope was temporarily stable. This study could potentially be used to provide the relevant parameters for numerical simulations of landform variation in loess regions, and provide reference for regional land use planning and environmental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Shu
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, The Ministry of Education of China, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Jiabing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zizheng Guo
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Division of Geotechnical Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UPC BarcelonaTECH, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peng Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
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Niu L, Miao X, Li Y, Xie X, Wen Z, Jiang G. Surface Morphology Analysis of Knit Structure-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Enhancing the Transfer Charge. Nanoscale Res Lett 2020; 15:181. [PMID: 32960367 PMCID: PMC7509015 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Harvesting waste biomechanical energy has provided a promising approach to improve the power supplement of wearable devices for extending usage life. Surface morphology is a significant factor for enhancing output performance of triboelectric nanogenerator; however, there is a limitation for evaluating the morphology of the surface and its impact on power generation. To evaluate the relationship between the surface morphology and transfer charge, there is a mathematical theory that is the fractal geometry theory that has been proposed to analyze the characteristic of irregular surface morphology. This theory provided a good understanding of the contact area and roughness of the surface. We have designed three categories of knit structures with cord appearance by using a flat knitting machine and analyzed their surface characteristics. Meanwhile, the geometric structures can be demonstrated through the fractal dimension for evaluating the generated output performance during contacting and separation. The present research exhibits that, with the increasing number of knitted units, the triboelectric power-generation performance continued to reduce due to the available contact area decreasing. After calculating the fractal dimension of different knit structures, the m*n rib structures show the high transfer charge when the fractal dimension is close to number one, especially the fractal dimension of the 1*1 rib structure that can reach 0.99. The fractal theory can be further used as an approach to evaluate the influence on the output performance of irregular surface morphology, unrelated to the uniform convex unit distraction. The result of this research also demonstrated the feasibility of a knitted-based triboelectric nanogenerator in scavenging biomechanical energy for powering portable electronics integrated into garments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Niu
- Engineering Research Center for Knitting Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Textiles and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuhong Miao
- Engineering Research Center for Knitting Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
- School of Textiles and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Yutian Li
- Engineering Research Center for Knitting Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Textiles and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xinkai Xie
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wen
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gaoming Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for Knitting Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Textiles and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Banerjee S, Pantawane MV, Dahotre NB. Laser fabrication of structural bone: surface morphology and biomineralization assessment. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:131-7. [PMID: 32372236 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The current work explores the surface morphology of the laser-ablated bone using Yb-fiber coupled Nd:YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm) in continuous wave mode. As the laser-ablated region contains physiochemically modified carbonized and nonstructural region, it becomes unknown material for the body. Thus, biomineralization on such a laser-ablated region was assessed by in vitro immersion test in noncellular simulated body fluid. The presence of hydroxyapatite was detected in the precipitated mineral product using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The effect of varying laser parameters on distribution of surface morphology features was identified and its corresponding effect on biomineralization was studied.
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Araújo IDT, Soares RB, Lopes CP, Ferreira IÁ, Borges BCD. Influence of exposure to phosphoric and polyacrylic acids on selected microscopic and physical/chemical properties of calcium hydroxide cements. Eur Oral Res 2020; 54:69-76. [PMID: 33474550 PMCID: PMC7787514 DOI: 10.26650/eor.20200057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate if the contact of calcium hydroxide cements with
polyacrylic and phosphoric acids would alter selected microscopic and physical
and chemical properties. Materials and methods: Chemically activated (Hydro C and Dycal Advanced Formula II) and resin-modified
photoactivated (Ultra-blend Plus) calcium hydroxide cements were examined after
exposure to the following different strategies: contact with no substance (control
group); rinsing with water and drying; contact with polyacrylic acid, rinsing with
water, and drying; and contact with phosphoric acid, rinsing with water, and drying.
Surface morphology, determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water
sorption and solubility, and the release of hydroxyl ions were evaluated. Results: SEM showed a greater impact of the conditioning acids on the surface of the
chemically activated cements. Ultra-blend Plus obtained the highest value of
sorption (516.8 μg/mm3) and solubility (381.1 μg/mm3) and Hydro C had the lowest
values 251.9 μg/mm3 and 206.3 μg/mm3 respectively. Considering the release of
hydroxyl ions in comparison with time, Hydro C and Ultra-blend Plus presented
significant statistical difference for polyacrylic and phosphoric acid subgroups. Conclusion: Hydro C and Dycal presented intensification of surface irregularities after contact
with conditioning acids. The chemically activated materials suffered a decrease
in sorption and solubility. The action of the conditioning acids promotes greater
increase of the release of hydroxyl ions for Hydro C and Dycal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renato Barbosa Soares
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN,Brazil
| | - Camila Pessoa Lopes
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN,Brazil
| | - Isana Álvares Ferreira
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN,Brazil
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Dhanasekaran P, Lokesh K, Ojha PK, Sahu AK, Bhat SD, Kalpana D. Electrochemical deposition of three-dimensional platinum nanoflowers for high-performance polymer electrolyte fuel cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 572:198-206. [PMID: 32244080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the three-dimensional ultra-fine platinum nanoflowers are directly deposited on carbon-coated gas diffusion layer electrode (C-GDL) by a single-step electrodeposition method towards the application of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The surface morphology, particle size distribution, crystallinity, and chemical oxidation state of platinum nanoflowers are examined using various techniques. The morphological features of the Pt nanostructures are highly influenced by the difference in current density. Notabely, the Pt nanospheres converts into three-dimensional nanoflower with an increase in current density from -1.6 to -32 mA cm-2. Electrodeposited Pt catalyst on C-GDL as the cathode catalyst was fabricated and steady-state polarization studies were carried out. Mainly, the fuel cell performance is analysed considering the electrodeposited Pt morphology. Among the prepared electrocatalysts, the nanoflower shaped Pt catalyst exhibit a high peak power density of 660 mW cm-2 at 0.6 V in PEFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dhanasekaran
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute - Madras Unit, CSIR-Madras Complex, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Lokesh
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute - Madras Unit, CSIR-Madras Complex, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P K Ojha
- Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Addl Ambernath, Thane 421506, Maharashtra, India
| | - A K Sahu
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute - Madras Unit, CSIR-Madras Complex, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S D Bhat
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute - Madras Unit, CSIR-Madras Complex, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - D Kalpana
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute - Madras Unit, CSIR-Madras Complex, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Pais M, Rao P. Maltodextrin for corrosion mitigation of zinc in sulfamic acid: Electrochemical, surface and spectroscopic studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:575-585. [PMID: 31887385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Maltodextrin (MLD), a biopolymer was introduced as a novel green inhibitor to mitigate the corrosion of zinc in sulfamic acid medium by weight loss and by electrochemical methods. Conditions were optimized to obtain maximum inhibition efficiency. Thermodynamic parameters were evaluated. The surface morphology was studied by SEM, EDX, AFM analysis. Adsorption of inhibitor was re-affirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy, Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), Raman spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Maximum efficiency of 72% was observed for the addition of 400 ppm of MLD. Surface morphology and spectroscopic studies confirmed the adsorption of MLD onto the surface of zinc. Results obtained by classical and electrochemical methods are in good agreement with one another. Maltodextrin emerged as an effective eco -friendly green inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikitha Pais
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, MAHE, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmalatha Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, MAHE, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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