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Hu M, Zhao X, Gu J, Qian L, Wang Z, Nie Y, Han X, An L, Jiang H. Metals recovery from polymetallic sulfide tailings by bioleaching functional bacteria isolated with the improved 9K agar: Comparison between one-step and two-step processes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117511. [PMID: 37890822 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Due to the characteristics of simple process, environmental friendliness and low operating costs, biometallurgy has become a popular technology for metals recovering from low-grade ores and tailings. In order to enhance the efficiency of bioleaching functional bacteria acquisition, the 9K agar was optimized by adjusting the ratio of two solutions to achieve better and faster solidification for the functional bacteria growth and isolation. By using the improved 9K agar, six functional stains within genera of Acidithiobacillus ferriphilus, A. ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans were isolated from the enrichment of acid mine drainage. After the Fe2+ oxidation ability evaluation, three strains of WT1-1, XT2-2, and YT3-1 within the three genera were selected and employed as the individual inoculum for the bioleaching from polymetallic sulfide tailings. Eventually, a maximum leaching efficiency of 58.37% Cu, 53.14% Al, 80.09% Mg, and 76.95% Zn were observed by A. ferriphilus WT1-1 after 28 d. To further improve the bioleaching efficiency, the three strains were mixed proportionally as the inoculum in both one-step and two-step bioleaching processes. Comparing to the pure cultures, the leaching efficiencies of Cu and Mg were significantly enhanced in both one- and two-steps, while no significant change in Zn. By comparing the one- and two-step processes, leaching efficiencies of Al, Mg, and Zn were higher in the one-step process, whereas Cu was observed to be higher in the two-step process. Therefore, the selection on leaching process of one or two steps should be determined based on tailings composition and target metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqiu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Jinghan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Lulu Qian
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Zhiqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Yuanyuan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Long An
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Haiqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
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Chen W, Tang H, Yin S, Wang L, Zhang M. Copper recovery from low-grade copper sulfides using bioleaching and its community structure succession in the presence of Sargassum. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119549. [PMID: 37979390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Bioleaching characteristics and bacterial community structure were studied during low-grade copper sulfide ores bioleaching in the presence of pretreated Sargassum (PSM). Results indicated that proportion of attached bacteria and copper recovery were improved by using appropriate-dosage PSM. High copper recovery (82.99%) and low Fe3+ concentration were obtained when 150 mg L-1 PSM was used. Precipitation, such as KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 and (H3O)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6, was not found in samples used PSM according to XRD, FTIR and TG analyses, which may result from less passivation layer formed by Fe3+ hydrolysis. I- contained in PSM can act as the reductant to convert Fe3+ into Fe2+, which can reduce Fe3+ hydrolysis and adjust Eh value. Bacterial community structure was influenced significantly by PSM according to the 16 S rDNA analysis. Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans dominated proportion of bacterial community throughout bioleaching process, whose proportion reached 89.1091% after 14 days in sample added 150 mg L-1 PSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Huiyang Tang
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shenghua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Leiming Wang
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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Yin S, Chen W, Wang Y. Effect of mixed bacteria on cemented tailings backfill: Economic potential to reduce binder consumption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:125114. [PMID: 33858094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tailings used as backfilling material in the presence of mixed bacteria are discussed, and the relationship between mixed bacteria and compressive strength, size variation, water-holding capacity is analyzed in this study. The results illustrate a strong improving response of mixed bacteria with enhanced compressive strength, small size variation and low water-holding capacity of cemented tailings backfill (CTB) specimens. The binder dosage and mixed bacteria proportion have great influence on CTB specimens, which indicate that with the increase of mixed bacteria proportion and binder dosage, compressive strength increased obviously. The maximum compressive strength (4.01 MPa) is obtained in the presence of 100.00% mixed bacteria in contrast to only 2.79 MPa in its absence. Samples added high mixed bacteria proportion yield low water-holding capacity and small size variation. 16S rDNA analysis illustrates that bacteria community is influenced significantly during experiment. Further, possible reaction mechanism is proposed suggesting the possible role of mixed bacteria as promoter to form precipitation (KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6, (NH4)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6 and (KH3O)4Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6), which reduces tiny cracks in CTB specimens. The technique of using mixed bacteria to reduce binder consumption in this study shows economic benefits to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yatian Wang
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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Peng T, Liao W, Wang J, Miao J, Peng Y, Gu G, Wu X, Qiu G, Zeng W. Bioleaching and Electrochemical Behavior of Chalcopyrite by a Mixed Culture at Low Temperature. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:663757. [PMID: 34040597 PMCID: PMC8141852 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.663757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature biohydrometallurgy is implicated in metal recovery in alpine mining areas, but bioleaching using microbial consortia at temperatures <10°C was scarcely discussed. To this end, a mixed culture was used for chalcopyrite bioleaching at 6°C. The mixed culture resulted in a higher copper leaching rate than the pure culture of Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans strain YL15. High-throughput sequencing technology showed that Acidithiobacillus spp. and Sulfobacillus spp. were the mixed culture's major lineages. Cyclic voltammograms, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy unveiled that the mixed culture enhanced the dissolution reactions, decreased the corrosion potential and increased the corrosion current, and lowered the charge transfer resistance and passivation layer impedance of the chalcopyrite electrode compared with the pure culture. This study revealed the mechanisms via which the mixed culture promoted the chalcopyrite bioleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangjian Peng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Wanqing Liao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingshu Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuping Peng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guohua Gu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Xueling Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Guanzhou Qiu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Weimin Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- CSIRO Process Science and Engineering, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Tao J, Liu X, Luo X, Teng T, Jiang C, Drewniak L, Yang Z, Yin H. An integrated insight into bioleaching performance of chalcopyrite mediated by microbial factors: Functional types and biodiversity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124219. [PMID: 33254450 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Six artificial communities with different function or biodiversity were reconstructed by six typical bioleaching species for chalcopyrite leaching. Absence of sulfur oxidizers in communities significantly reduced copper extraction rates, and low diversity communities also exhibited slightly poor bioleaching performances. The variations of pH, redox potential, ferrous and copper ions indicated that the community with both sulfur oxidizers and high diversity showed fast adaptation to the environment and rapid dissolution of chalcopyrite. Integrated analysis of mineralogical and microbial parameters demonstrated that functional types of microorganisms made more contributions in mediating chalcopyrite dissolution than microbial diversity. Further correlation analysis between microbial types and chalcopyrite dissolution performances showed that sulfur oxidizers, especially Acidithiobacillus caldus, could greatly accelerate chalcopyrite dissolution by regulating solution physicochemical factors, such as redox potential and pH. This study provided a theoretical basis for improving bioleaching efficiency by balancing microbial functional types and biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemeng Tao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xueduan Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xinyang Luo
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Tingkai Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chengying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lukasz Drewniak
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zhendong Yang
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China.
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Wang X, Ma L, Wu J, Xiao Y, Tao J, Liu X. Effective bioleaching of low-grade copper ores: Insights from microbial cross experiments. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 308:123273. [PMID: 32247948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between microorganisms and minerals was a hot topic to reveal the transformation of key elements that affecting bioleaching efficiency. Three typical low-grade copper ores, the main copper-bearing components of which were primary sulfide, secondary sulfide and high-oxidative sulfide copper, were obtained from Dexing, Zijinshan and Luanshya copper mine, respectively. Meanwhile, six typical microorganisms were isolated from each of the three habitats, and assembled as communities based on their origins. Cross bioleaching was carried out under identical conditions. The leaching parameters showed that native strains played excellent roles in their corresponding ore bioleaching process, and community structure was greatly determined by mineral composition, indicating that domestication for longitudinal adaption was an effective way to improve microbial leaching performance. Leptospirillum ferriphilum and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans promoted copper release by shifting redox potential and pH of the leachate, respectively, indicating that microbial population regulation was another effective way to improve bioleaching efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Jiangjun Wu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yunhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiemeng Tao
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xueduan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Effects of rice straw and rice straw ash on rice growth and α-diversity of bacterial community in rare-earth mining soils. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10331. [PMID: 32587300 PMCID: PMC7316728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of rice straw (RS) and rice straw ash (RSA) on the growth of early rice and α-diversity of bacterial community in soils around rare earth mining areas of Xunwu and Xinfeng counties in South Jiangxi of China. The results showed that the exploitation of rare earth resources leads to soil pollution around rare earth mining areas and affects the growth of rice, and the content of rare earth elements (REEs) in rice was positively correlated with that in soils and negative correlated with dry weight of rice; The addition of RS to soils around REE mining area can inhibit growth of early rice, and the dry weight of rice grains, shoots, roots is lower when compared with the controls, while the content of REEs is higher. The α-diversity of soil bacterial decreases, which promotes the growth of Pseudorhodoferax, Phenylobacterium and other bacteria of the same kind, and inhibits the growth of beneficial bacteria. The addition of RSA to soils had no significant effect on α-diversity of soil bacterial but promoted the growth of Azospira and other beneficial bacteria, inhibited the growth of Bryobacter and other bacteria of the same kind, significantly improved the dry weight of grains, shoots and roots of early rice, and reduced the content of REEs in these parts of rice. It can be concluded that RS is unsuitable to be added to the planting soil of early rice in REE mining area, while RSA is suitable.
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Sajjad W, Zheng G, Ma X, Xu W, Ali B, Rafiq M, Zada S, Irfan M, Zeman J. Dissolution of Cu and Zn-bearing ore by indigenous iron-oxidizing bacterial consortia supplemented with dried bamboo sawdust and variations in bacterial structural dynamics: A new concept in bioleaching. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136136. [PMID: 31884267 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Disposing of low-grade ores involves numerous environmental issues. Bioleaching with acidophilic bacteria is the preferred solution to process these ores for metals recovery. In this study, indigenous iron-oxidizing bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Leptospirillum ferriphilum, and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans were used in consortia supplemented with acid-treated bamboo sawdust (BSD) for copper and zinc recovery. Findings showed the extreme catalytic response of BSD with the best recovery of metals. Maximum of 92.2 ± 4.0% copper (0.35%) and 90.0 ± 5.4% zinc (0.33%) were recovered after 8 days of processing in the presence of 2 g/L BSD. Significant variations were reported in physicochemical parameters during bioleaching in the presence of a different concentration of BSD. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy results of bioleached residues showed significant variations in spectral pattern and maximum variations were reported in 2.0 g/L BSD, which indicates maximum metals dissolutions. The impact of bacterial consortia and BSD on iron speciation of bioleached ores was analyzed by using Mössbauer spectroscopy and clear variations in iron speciation were reported. Furthermore, the bacterial community structure dynamics revealed significant variations in the individual bacterial proportion in each experiment. This finding shows that the dosage concentration of BSD influenced the microenvironment, which effect the bacterial abundance and these variations in the bacterial structural communities were not associated with the initial proportion of bacterial cells inoculated in the bioleaching process. Moreover, the mechanism of chemical reactions was proposed by explaining the possible role of BSD as a reductant under micro-aerophilic conditions that facilitates the bacterial reduction of ferric iron. This type of bioleaching process with indigenous iron-oxidizing bacteria and BSD has significant potential to further upscale the bioleaching process for recalcitrant ore bodies in an environment friendly and cost-effective way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Sajjad
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xiangxian Ma
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Barkat Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Rafiq
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of IT, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Sahib Zada
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science Genetics Institute and Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Josef Zeman
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; Department of Geological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 267/2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
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Chen W, Yin S, Wu A, Wang L, Chen X. Bioleaching of copper sulfides using mixed microorganisms and its community structure succession in the presence of seawater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122453. [PMID: 31787510 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial diversity and dynamics in the leaching solution were analyzed during bioleaching of low-grade copper sulfide ore in the presence of seawater in this study. The results indicated a promoting response of appropriate-proportion seawater to bioleaching with improved copper recoveries. A maximum of 84.70% copper recovery was obtained in the presence of 20.00% seawater in contrast to only 72.49% in its absence. The experiments verified that seawater owned a great influence on Attached bacteria and bacterial species. 16S rDNA analysis illustrated that bacterial species decreased distinctly in the presence of seawater. Little difference between blank sample (no seawater) and sample adding 20.00% seawater was indicated by beta diversity index. Bacteria (including Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Sphingomonas leidyi and Lactobacillus acetotolerans) were influenced significantly after adding seawater. Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans accounted for the highest proportion of the community whether seawater was added or not during bioleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shenghua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Aixiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Leiming Wang
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xun Chen
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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